684:, are the standard of care in acute GvHD and chronic GVHD. The use of these glucocorticoids is designed to suppress the T-cell-mediated immune onslaught on the host tissues; however, in high doses, this immune-suppression raises the risk of infections and cancer relapse. Therefore, it is desirable to taper off the post-transplant high-level steroid doses to lower levels, at which point the appearance of mild GVHD may be welcome, especially in HLA mis-matched patients, as it is typically associated with a graft-versus-tumor effect..While glucocorticoids remain the first line of treatment for acute GVHD, only about 50% of patients respond to treatment, otherwise having steroid-refractory GVHD (SR-GVHD). An increasing number of recent treatment options for SR-GVHD have been investigated, such as extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP), mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs), fecal microbial transplantation (FMT), and the medication Ruxolitinib.
141:
38:
703:. The substances are structurally different but have the same mechanism of action. Cyclosporine binds to the cytosolic protein peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (known as cyclophilin), while tacrolimus binds to the cytosolic protein peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP12. These complexes inhibit calcineurin, block dephosphorylation of the transcription factor NFAT of activated T-cells and its translocation into the nucleus. Standard prophylaxis involves the use of cyclosporine for six months with methotrexate. Cyclosporin levels should be maintained above 200 ng/ml.
62:
370:
610:. These proinflammatory cytokines increase the expression of MHC and adhesion molecules on APCs, thereby increasing the ability of APC to present antigen. The second phase is characterized by the activation of effector cells. Activation of donor T-cells further enhances the expression of MHC and adhesion molecules, chemokines and the expansion of CD8 + and CD4 + T-cells and guest B-cells. In the final phase, these effector cells migrate to target organs and mediate tissue damage, resulting in multiorgan failure.
4673:
4721:
4709:
4697:
4685:
534:. It is associated with higher mortality (80–90%) due to involvement of bone marrow lymphoid tissue, however the clinical manifestations are similar to GVHD resulting from bone marrow transplantation. Transfusion-associated GvHD is rare in modern medicine. It is almost entirely preventable by controlled irradiation of blood products to inactivate the white blood cells (including lymphocytes) within.
5360:
575:(TAMA) can occur in patients with thymoma. In these patients rather than a donor being a source of pathogenic T cells, the patient's own malignant thymus produces self-directed T cells. This is because the malignant thymus is incapable of appropriately educating developing thymocytes to eliminate self-reactive T cells. The result is a disease virtually indistinguishable from GvHD.
558:
experiments of the thymus between different species. Autoimmune disease is a frequent complication after human allogeneic thymus transplantation, found in 42% of subjects over one year post-transplantation. However, this is partially explained by the fact that the indication itself, that is, complete
553:
to recognize self-antigens, and could therefore still mistake own structures in the rest of the body for being non-self. This is a rather indirect GvHD because it is not directly cells in the graft itself that causes it but cells in the graft that make the recipient's T cells act like donor T cells.
601:
Activation of APC occurs in the first stage of GvHD. Prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, radiation or chemotherapy results in damage and activation of host tissues, especially intestinal mucosa. This allows the microbial products to enter and stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokines such
274:
Acute GvHD is staged as follows: overall grade (skin-liver-gut) with each organ staged individually from a low of 1 to a high of 4. Patients with grade IV GvHD usually have a poor prognosis. If the GvHD is severe and requires intense immunosuppression involving steroids and additional agents to get
1775:
Bonifazi F, Solano C, Wolschke C, Sessa M, Patriarca F, Zallio F, et al. (February 2019). "Acute GVHD prophylaxis plus ATLG after myeloablative allogeneic haemopoietic peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation from HLA-identical siblings in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in remission:
144:
Micrographs of grades of skin graft-versus-host disease: Ranging from grade I GvHR (with minimal vacuolization in the epidermis) to grade II GvHR (with vacuolization and dyskeratotic bodies) to grade III GvHR (with sub epidermal cleft formation) and finally to grade IV GvHR (with separation of the
96:
of the donor's immune system which remain within the donated tissue (the graft) recognize the recipient (the host) as foreign (non-self). The white blood cells present within the transplanted tissue then attack the recipient's body's cells, which leads to GvHD. This should not be confused with a
255:
The first signs are usually a rash, burning, and redness of the skin on the palms and soles. This can spread over the entire body. Other symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea (watery and sometimes bloody), loss of appetite, jaundice, abdominal pain, and weight loss.
290:
The first symptom of cGvHD is commonly a rash on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet, and the rash can spread and is usually itchy and dry. In severe cases, the skin may blister and peel, like a bad sunburn. A fever may also develop. Other symptoms of chronic GVHD can include:
263:
can result in severe intestinal inflammation, sloughing of the mucosal membrane, severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. This is typically diagnosed via intestinal biopsy. Liver GvHD is measured by the bilirubin level in acute patients. Skin GvHD results in a diffuse
2425:
Morishima Y, Sasazuki T, Inoko H, Juji T, Akaza T, Yamamoto K, et al. (June 2002). "The clinical significance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele compatibility in patients receiving a marrow transplant from serologically HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR matched unrelated donors".
642:
Graft-versus-host disease can largely be avoided by performing a T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplant. However, these types of transplants come at a cost of diminished graft-versus-tumor effect, greater risk of engraftment failure, or cancer relapse, and general
2721:
Wagner JE, Thompson JS, Carter SL, Kernan NA (2005). "Effect of graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis on 3-year disease-free survival in recipients of unrelated donor bone marrow (T-cell
Depletion Trial): a multi-centre, randomised phase II-III trial".
1190:
Ogawa Y, Shimmura S, Dogru M, Tsubota K (November 2010). "Immune processes and pathogenic fibrosis in ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease and clinical manifestations after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation".
275:
under control, the patient may develop severe infections as a result of the immunosuppression and may die of infection. However, a 2016 study found that the prognosis for patients with grade IV GvHD has improved in recent years.
954:"Comparison of the classic Glucksberg criteria and the IBMTR Severity Index for grading acute graft-versus-host disease following HLA-identical sibling stem cell transplantation. International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry"
2693:
Hale G, Waldmann H (May 1994). "Control of graft-versus-host disease and graft rejection by T cell depletion of donor and recipient with
Campath-1 antibodies. Results of matched sibling transplants for malignant diseases".
3612:
243:
form of the disease (aGvHD) is normally observed within the first 10 to 100 days post-transplant, and is a major challenge to transplants owing to associated morbidity and mortality. About one-third to one-half of
792:
or MSC-100-IV. Survival rate was 82% (vs 39% of controls) for those who showed some improvement after one month, and in the long term 72% (vs 18% of controls) for those that showed little effect after one month.
3214:
3199:
101:, which occurs when the immune system of the transplant recipient rejects the transplanted tissue; GvHD occurs when the donor's immune system's white blood cells reject the recipient. The underlying principle (
4190:
1462:
Feito-RodrĂguez M, de Lucas-Laguna R, GĂłmez-Fernández C, Sendagorta-CudĂłs E, Collantes E, Beato MJ, et al. (2013). "Cutaneous graft versus host disease in pediatric multivisceral transplantation".
622:-based tissue typing allows for more precise HLA matching between donors and transplant patients, which has been proven to reduce the incidence and severity of GvHD and to increase long-term survival.
788:
released results of a phase 2 clinical trial on 241 children with acute Graft-versus-host disease, that was not responsive to steroids. The trial was of a mesenchymal stem cell therapy known as
747:
Given the complex systemic condition and immunosuppression of the chronic GVHD patients, non-drug therapies, are a significant advancement, and may be preferred whenever possible. Examples are
2646:"Mesenchymal stromal cells as treatment or prophylaxis for acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease in haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with a haematological condition"
2583:"A prospective randomized trial comparing cyclosporine/methotrexate and tacrolimus/sirolimus as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"
625:
The T-cells of umbilical cord blood (UCB) have an inherent immunological immaturity, and the use of UCB stem cells in unrelated donor transplants has a reduced incidence and severity of GvHD.
443:(HLA). However, graft-versus-host disease can occur even when HLA-identical siblings are the donors. HLA-identical siblings or HLA-identical unrelated donors often have genetically different
5390:
361:
associated with graft-versus-host disease may have more aggressive behavior with poorer prognosis, when compared to oral cancer in non-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.
287:
form of graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) normally begins 90 to 600 days post-transplant. The appearance of moderate to severe cases of cGVHD adversely influences long-term survival.
1017:"National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: I. Diagnosis and staging working group report"
4759:
2876:
Liu J, Farmer JD, Lane WS, Friedman J, Weissman I, Schreiber SL (August 1991). "Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes".
4051:
132:
reduction system. In contrast to organ/tissue transplant associated GvHD, the incidence of TA-GvHD is increased with HLA matching (first-degree or close relatives).
2767:"Intraoral psoralen ultraviolet A irradiation (PUVA) treatment of refractory oral chronic graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic stem cell transplantation"
3727:
1323:
2978:
2257:
Wadhera A, Maverakis E, Mitsiades N, Lara PN, Fung MA, Lynch PJ (October 2007). "Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity: a graft-versus-host-like disease".
770:
There are a large number of clinical trials either ongoing or recently completed in the investigation of graft-versus-host disease treatment and prevention.
639:
are common drugs used for GvHD prophylaxis. Further research is necessary to evaluate whether mesenchymal stromal cells can also be used for the prophylaxis.
473:
While donor T-cells are undesirable as effector cells of graft-versus-host disease, they are valuable for engraftment by preventing the recipient's residual
5395:
3123:
5238:
1712:
510:
117:
1992:"Differential effects of donor T-cell cytokines on outcome with continuous bortezomib administration after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation"
4752:
3320:
789:
2960:
2644:
Fisher SA, Cutler A, Doree C, Brunskill SJ, Stanworth SJ, Navarrete C, et al. (Cochrane
Haematological Malignancies Group) (January 2019).
497:
bone marrow transplantation involves attempts to separate the undesirable graft-vs-host disease aspects of T-cell physiology from the desirable
3963:
2483:
Grewal SS, Barker JN, Davies SM, Wagner JE (June 2003). "Unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation: marrow or umbilical cord blood?".
2196:"Review of 54 patients with complete DiGeorge anomaly enrolled in protocols for thymus transplantation: outcome of 44 consecutive transplants"
4044:
3562:
662:. In a multi-center study, disease-free survival at three years was not different between T cell-depleted and T cell-replete transplants.
200:
in the skin. Chronic graft-versus-host disease also attacks the above organs, but over its long-term course can also cause damage to the
4745:
1422:
572:
2333:
Roncarolo MG, Battaglia M (August 2007). "Regulatory T-cell immunotherapy for tolerance to self antigens and alloantigens in humans".
5321:
5316:
4917:
4037:
777:, its drug for acute graft-versus-host disease in children who have failed to respond to steroid treatment. Prochymal is the first
5272:
3383:
245:
87:
5094:
2945:
2630:
2567:
2469:
2243:
2180:
1829:
1640:
1550:
1176:
1113:
1064:
1001:
399:
and therefore cannot destroy or inactivate the transplanted cells. In particular, it involves an inability of the recipient's
4210:
3102:
2156:
3073:
3055:
4527:
4215:
3825:
3706:
3701:
3313:
4320:
1078:
Morisse-Pradier H, Nove-Josserand R, Philit F, Senechal A, Berger F, Callet-Bauchu E, et al. (February 2016). "".
5385:
5311:
5089:
3370:
3165:
448:
423:
of the transplant recipient after perceiving host tissues as antigenically foreign. The T cells produce an excess of
1511:"Improved Treatment-Related Mortality and Overall Survival of Patients with Grade IV Acute GVHD in the Modern Years"
519:
of un-irradiated blood to immunocompromised recipients. It can also occur in situations in which the blood donor is
5380:
4948:
4313:
3632:
3617:
3348:
452:
5130:
4992:
3746:
550:
5084:
3006:"MASCC/ISOO Clinical Practice Statement: Management of oral manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host-disease"
3751:
3722:
3696:
3306:
4987:
5210:
4340:
3627:
3607:
455:(MHC) molecules to the donor's T-cells, which see these antigens as foreign and so mount an immune response.
176:. Newer research indicates that other graft-versus-host disease target organs include the immune system (the
5267:
4537:
4346:
3665:
3592:
37:
2528:"Hematopoietic engraftment and survival in adult recipients of umbilical-cord blood from unrelated donors"
140:
5169:
4972:
4185:
3670:
3004:
Zadik Y, Raber-Durlacher JE, Epstein JB, Majorana A, Laheij A, Bardellini E, et al. (August 2024).
5350:
5200:
4878:
4651:
3675:
3531:
3453:
2581:
Törlén J, Ringdén O, Garming-Legert K, Ljungman P, Winiarski J, Remes K, et al. (November 2016).
5053:
4689:
4422:
4330:
4235:
4225:
4128:
4018:
3428:
3423:
1423:"Kinetics of bilirubin and liver enzymes is useful for predicting of liver graft-versus-host disease"
814:
17:
160:
In the classical sense, acute graft-versus-host disease is characterized by selective damage to the
61:
5144:
4913:
4899:
4604:
4220:
4205:
4135:
4113:
3622:
3448:
3229:
588:
440:
350:
249:
248:
recipients will develop acute GvHD. It is less common in younger patients and in those with closer
157:
forms, and scored or graded on the basis of the tissue affected and the severity of the reaction.
5017:
4780:
4532:
4123:
3789:
3734:
3485:
3393:
1015:
Filipovich AH, Weisdorf D, Pavletic S, Socie G, Wingard JR, Lee SJ, et al. (December 2005).
528:
354:
1776:
final results of quality of life and long-term outcome analysis of a phase 3 randomised study".
5148:
4619:
4599:
4308:
4165:
4013:
3998:
3739:
3597:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3433:
542:
400:
173:
83:
3919:
3269:
2136:
594:
The efferent phase: activation, proliferation, differentiation and migration of effector cells
4574:
4542:
4467:
4296:
4286:
4003:
3940:
3887:
3851:
3779:
3460:
3438:
3418:
3329:
2624:
2561:
2463:
2237:
1823:
1706:
1634:
1544:
1461:
1170:
1127:
Paczesny S, Braun TM, Levine JE, Hogan J, Crawford J, Coffing B, et al. (January 2010).
1107:
1058:
1016:
995:
801:
Graft-versus-host disease has been implicated in eliminating several cases of HIV, including
700:
346:
2056:
5306:
5301:
5285:
5195:
5125:
4982:
4894:
4737:
4701:
4569:
3810:
3567:
3443:
3408:
2526:
Laughlin MJ, Barker J, Bambach B, Koc ON, Rizzieri DA, Wagner JE, et al. (June 2001).
1273:"Acute and chronic Graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"
824:
478:
98:
5013:
2194:
Markert ML, Devlin BH, Alexieff MJ, Li J, McCarthy EA, Gupton SE, et al. (May 2007).
377:
Three criteria, known as the
Billingham criteria, must be met in order for GvHD to occur.
8:
4713:
4656:
4564:
4517:
4391:
4230:
3903:
3398:
3360:
3355:
3343:
3218:
2923:
1605:
Tsukada S, Itonaga H, Taguchi J, Miyoshi T, Hayashida S, Sato S, et al. (2019). "".
555:
5328:
3032:
3005:
2853:
2818:
1849:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
952:
Martino R, Romero P, Subirá M, Bellido M, Altés A, Sureda A, et al. (August 1999).
5333:
5215:
5205:
5099:
5025:
4997:
4977:
4814:
4772:
4626:
4579:
4488:
3774:
3223:
3153:
2901:
2796:
2747:
2670:
2645:
2607:
2582:
2508:
2451:
2407:
2358:
2220:
2195:
2174:
2162:
2117:
2068:
2016:
1991:
1967:
1942:
1918:
1893:
1869:
1844:
1811:
1757:
1509:
El-Jawahri A, Li S, Antin JH, Spitzer TR, Armand PA, Koreth J, et al. (May 2016).
1488:
1212:
1153:
1128:
1041:
983:
929:
902:
878:
802:
773:
On 17 May 2012, Osiris
Therapeutics announced that Canadian health regulators approved
748:
498:
389:
268:
224:
154:
55:
2735:
1845:"Immunological considerations for embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cell banking"
1789:
1369:
1352:
369:
223:, and appears in both acute and chronic GvHD. This can result in an inability to have
82:, characterized by inflammation in different organs. GvHD is commonly associated with
5035:
5030:
4830:
4819:
4720:
4677:
4609:
4589:
4483:
4325:
4256:
4008:
3988:
3983:
3882:
3784:
3536:
3240:
3161:
3037:
2939:
2893:
2889:
2858:
2840:
2788:
2739:
2703:
2675:
2612:
2549:
2500:
2443:
2399:
2350:
2315:
2274:
2225:
2166:
2152:
2109:
2060:
2021:
1972:
1923:
1874:
1803:
1749:
1694:
1663:
1622:
1587:
1532:
1480:
1476:
1444:
1374:
1294:
1253:
1204:
1158:
1095:
1046:
975:
934:
883:
865:
819:
778:
560:
516:
420:
396:
201:
109:
50:
2905:
2800:
2751:
2411:
2121:
2088:"Transplantation tolerance and autoimmunity after xenogeneic thymus transplantation"
1958:
1815:
1492:
1216:
987:
5079:
4930:
4925:
4866:
4793:
4768:
4584:
4438:
4155:
3830:
3388:
3027:
3017:
2885:
2848:
2830:
2778:
2731:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2602:
2594:
2539:
2512:
2492:
2455:
2435:
2389:
2362:
2342:
2305:
2266:
2215:
2207:
2144:
2099:
2072:
2052:
2011:
2003:
1962:
1954:
1913:
1905:
1864:
1856:
1793:
1785:
1761:
1739:
1614:
1577:
1522:
1472:
1434:
1364:
1289:
1284:
1272:
1243:
1196:
1148:
1140:
1087:
1036:
1028:
965:
924:
914:
873:
857:
644:
432:
416:
129:
93:
4029:
3280:
1395:
5364:
5220:
5190:
5074:
5002:
4856:
4809:
4725:
4552:
4458:
4407:
4265:
3815:
3655:
3513:
3495:
3413:
3403:
3234:
2598:
2211:
2148:
2007:
1200:
1091:
706:
Other substances that have been studied for GvHD treatment include, for example:
677:
382:
205:
150:
2544:
2527:
2104:
2087:
5104:
5058:
4851:
4381:
4200:
4195:
4061:
3877:
3794:
3587:
3523:
3286:
3022:
2496:
2293:
2270:
1527:
1510:
1248:
1232:"Graft-versus-host disease of the vulva and/or vagina: diagnosis and treatment"
1231:
1144:
1032:
545:
may be said to be able to cause a special type of GvHD because the recipient's
419:, either as contaminants or intentionally introduced into the host, attack the
177:
3283:
3245:
3208:
2439:
2394:
2377:
2310:
1909:
1744:
1727:
733:
to treat chronic GvHD after failure of one or more other systemic treatments.
5374:
5279:
4871:
4636:
4291:
4191:
Eosinophilic, polymorphic, and pruritic eruption associated with radiotherapy
3945:
3935:
3856:
3820:
3650:
3508:
3503:
3465:
3378:
2844:
919:
869:
739:(Niktimvo) was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2024.
603:
474:
121:
1618:
1582:
1565:
5174:
4964:
4846:
4835:
4386:
4301:
4160:
4150:
4092:
4087:
3872:
3846:
3041:
2862:
2792:
2783:
2766:
2743:
2679:
2616:
2553:
2504:
2447:
2403:
2354:
2319:
2278:
2229:
2113:
2025:
1976:
1927:
1878:
1860:
1807:
1753:
1626:
1591:
1536:
1484:
1448:
1378:
1298:
1257:
1208:
1162:
1099:
1077:
1050:
979:
970:
953:
938:
692:
628:
524:
481:). In addition, as bone marrow transplantation is frequently used to treat
102:
3056:"Search of: Graft-versus-host disease - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov"
2897:
2707:
2064:
1698:
1682:
1667:
887:
4861:
4841:
4825:
4443:
4417:
4412:
4118:
4108:
3950:
3602:
3541:
3264:
1439:
861:
845:
752:
719:
711:
632:
358:
342:
181:
3298:
3191:
1798:
4641:
4594:
4522:
4448:
4365:
4335:
4281:
4140:
2041:"Principles of blood irradiation, dose validation, and quality control"
759:
736:
715:
696:
681:
636:
520:
494:
404:
2835:
2141:
Thymus Gland
Pathology: Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Features
196:. Biomarkers can be used to identify specific causes of GvHD, such as
4646:
4614:
4145:
3275:
2086:
Xia G, Goebels J, Rutgeerts O, Vandeputte M, Waer M (February 2001).
901:
Ghimire S, Weber D, Mavin E, Wang XN, Dickinson AM, Holler E (2017).
846:"Transfusion associated graft versus host disease and its prevention"
785:
774:
730:
707:
687:
659:
652:
546:
531:
428:
193:
125:
2979:"FDA approves axatilimab-csfr for chronic graft-versus-host disease"
2924:"Graft Versus Host Disease Treatment & Management: Medical Care"
2346:
2040:
1654:
Billingham RE (1966). "The biology of graft-versus-host reactions".
903:"Pathophysiology of GvHD and Other HSCT-Related Major Complications"
566:
319:
Increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood (seen on blood tests)
4495:
4260:
3993:
3680:
3158:
Graft-Vs.-Host
Disease: Immunology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment.
3003:
2580:
486:
436:
424:
265:
260:
220:
149:
In the clinical setting, graft-versus-host disease is divided into
79:
607:
549:
would use the donor thymus cells as models when going through the
4784:
4453:
4240:
444:
2765:
Menillo SA, Goldberg SL, McKiernan P, Pecora AL (October 2001).
2378:"Cellular and molecular mechanisms in graft-versus-host disease"
2291:
1129:"Elafin is a biomarker of graft-versus-host disease of the skin"
5153:
3203:
3124:"Immune war with donor cells after transplant may wipe out HIV"
1683:"Mechanism of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease"
1014:
726:
656:
482:
459:
412:
385:
graft is administered, with viable and functional immune cells.
212:
197:
185:
169:
2764:
2135:
Markert ML, Devlin BH, McCarthy EA, Chinn IK, Hale LP (2008).
5120:
4788:
2292:
Nassereddine S, Rafei H, Elbahesh E, Tabbara I (April 2017).
2256:
2085:
1990:
Sun K, Li M, Sayers TJ, Welniak LA, Murphy WJ (August 2008).
1947:
Hematology. American
Society of Hematology. Education Program
1420:
1230:
Spiryda LB, Laufer MR, Soiffer RJ, Antin JA (December 2003).
755:
648:
490:
467:
463:
161:
4767:
1934:
1604:
489:, donor T-cells have proven to have a valuable graft-versus-
388:
The recipient is immunologically different from the donor –
5391:
Noninfectious immunodeficiency-related cutaneous conditions
4082:
3660:
3103:"Increased Survival Using MSB Cells In Children With aGVHD"
1774:
1728:"Effect of HLA mismatch on acute graft-versus-host disease"
216:
189:
165:
3074:"World's First Stem-Cell Drug Approval Achieved in Canada"
2720:
2643:
2424:
2134:
1455:
1353:"Acute graft-vs-host disease: pathobiology and management"
951:
1229:
1189:
1071:
619:
2525:
2482:
2139:. In Lavini C, Moran CA, Morandi U, et al. (eds.).
1508:
1504:
1502:
1126:
2193:
1680:
439:
can initiate graft-versus-host disease, among them the
105:) is the same, but the details and course may differ.
45:
Mouse colon impacted by acute graft-versus-host disease
5348:
3172:
2875:
1499:
1350:
900:
3181:
1894:"Banking on iPSC--is it doable and is it worthwhile"
1421:
Krejci M, Kamelander J, Pospisil Z, Mayer J (2012).
1270:
4059:
2961:"FDA expands ibrutinib indications to chronic GVHD"
1943:"Graft versus tumor effects and why people relapse"
1842:
1768:
1563:
1346:
1344:
583:The pathophysiology of GvHD includes three phases:
554:It can be seen as a multiple-organ autoimmunity in
357:in comparison to the classical oral lichen planus.
316:
Pain in the upper right part of the abdomen (belly)
2332:
2187:
2038:
1989:
1598:
1324:"Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplant Side Effects"
1271:Funke VA, Moreira MC, Vigorito AC (October 2016).
1120:
688:Steroid-sparing immunosuppression/immunomodulation
2574:
2032:
1891:
1414:
1223:
945:
567:Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity (TAMA)
345:, chronic graft-versus-host disease manifests as
5372:
5239:Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
1940:
1843:Taylor CJ, Bolton EM, Bradley JA (August 2011).
1351:Goker H, Haznedaroglu IC, Chao NJ (March 2001).
1341:
742:
511:Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease
114:Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
2039:Moroff G, Leitman SF, Luban NL (October 1997).
1647:
1264:
1183:
3964:List of organ transplant donors and recipients
3080:. Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP. 12 June 2012
2819:"Recent advances in graft-versus-host disease"
2326:
2259:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
1983:
1892:Solomon S, Pitossi F, Rao MS (February 2015).
1564:Lee SJ, Vogelsang G, Flowers ME (April 2003).
504:
4753:
4045:
3314:
2376:Zhang L, Chu J, Yu J, Wei W (February 2016).
2375:
2294:"Versus Host Disease: A Comprehensive Review"
647:, resulting in a patient more susceptible to
597:The effector phase: target tissue destruction
458:Antigens most responsible for graft loss are
337:Blockages in the smaller airways of the lungs
252:(HLA) matches between donor and the patient.
3563:Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
2971:
2816:
2692:
1885:
1836:
1711:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
563:, increases the risk of autoimmune disease.
493:effect. A great deal of current research on
2952:
2917:
2915:
2650:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1674:
1607:the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
1570:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1515:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1236:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1021:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1008:
331:Burning sensations when eating acidic foods
5396:Complications of surgical and medical care
4760:
4746:
4696:
4052:
4038:
3321:
3307:
3097:
3095:
1653:
843:
758:, and electrostimulation for GVHD-related
573:thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity
60:
36:
3328:
3031:
3021:
2852:
2834:
2782:
2669:
2606:
2543:
2393:
2309:
2219:
2103:
2015:
1966:
1941:Falkenburg JH, Jedema I (December 2017).
1917:
1868:
1797:
1743:
1581:
1526:
1438:
1368:
1288:
1247:
1195:. 29 Suppl 1 (Nov Supplement 1): S68-77.
1152:
1040:
969:
928:
918:
877:
537:
307:Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
2958:
2912:
368:
139:
5273:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
3092:
2057:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.371098016450.x
1390:
1388:
1277:Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
781:to be approved for a systemic disease.
587:The afferent phase: activation of APC (
5373:
477:from rejecting the bone marrow graft (
5095:Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
4741:
4211:Radiation-induced erythema multiforme
4033:
3302:
2817:Flinn AM, Gennery AR (6 March 2023).
2812:
2810:
1725:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
515:This type of GvHD is associated with
328:Dryness or painful sores in the mouth
4684:
2921:
1385:
765:
4528:Pseudoverrucous papules and nodules
4216:Radiation-induced hypertrophic scar
3707:Canadian Society of Transplantation
3702:American Society of Transplantation
2532:The New England Journal of Medicine
1732:International Journal of Hematology
1566:"Chronic graft-versus-host disease"
411:After bone marrow transplantation,
13:
3146:
2944:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2807:
2629:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2566:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2468:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2242:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2179:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1828:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1639:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1549:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1305:
1175:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1112:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1063:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1000:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
844:Williamson LM (1 September 1998).
796:
671:
14:
5407:
5312:Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
3177:
2983:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
449:minor histocompatibility antigens
5358:
4949:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
4719:
4707:
4695:
4683:
4672:
4671:
4314:Inner ear decompression sickness
3633:United Network for Organ Sharing
3618:National Transplant Organization
1681:Yasuda H, Ohto H, Abe R (1993).
1477:10.1111/j.1525-1470.2012.01839.x
453:major histocompatibility complex
403:to destroy or inactivate viable
5131:Subacute bacterial endocarditis
4993:Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
4708:
3747:Organ transplantation in Israel
3116:
3066:
3048:
2997:
2959:Research Cf (9 February 2019).
2869:
2758:
2714:
2686:
2637:
2519:
2476:
2418:
2369:
2285:
2250:
2128:
2079:
1959:10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.693
1719:
1557:
271:, sometimes in a lacy pattern.
192:in the form of immune-mediated
3752:Organ transplantation in Japan
3723:Organ transplantation in China
3697:American Society of Nephrology
2662:10.1002/14651858.CD009768.pub2
1402:. National Library of Medicine
1290:10.1590/1806-9282.62.suppl1.44
1133:Science Translational Medicine
894:
837:
1:
5211:Postorgasmic illness syndrome
4548:environmental skin conditions
4341:High-altitude pulmonary edema
3628:Trillium Gift of Life Network
3608:National Marrow Donor Program
2736:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66996-6
1898:Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
1790:10.1016/S2352-3026(18)30214-X
1370:10.1016/S0301-472X(00)00677-9
1080:Revue de Pneumologie Clinique
830:
743:Non-pharmacological treatment
613:
435:(IFNÎł). A wide range of host
5268:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
4538:Tropical anhidrotic asthenia
4347:High-altitude cerebral edema
3666:Halachic Organ Donor Society
3593:Gift of Life Marrow Registry
2890:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90124-h
2599:10.3324/haematol.2016.149294
2382:Journal of Leukocyte Biology
2212:10.1182/blood-2006-10-048652
2149:10.1007/978-88-470-0828-1_30
2008:10.1182/blood-2008-03-143461
1201:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181ea9a6b
1092:10.1016/j.pneumo.2015.05.004
666:
578:
128:or treated with an approved
108:GvHD can also occur after a
7:
5334:Systemic autoimmune disease
5170:Allergic contact dermatitis
5090:Hypersensitivity vasculitis
4973:Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
4560:frictional/traumatic/sports
4186:Chronic radiation keratosis
3671:Kidney Foundation of Canada
2771:Bone Marrow Transplantation
2696:Bone Marrow Transplantation
2545:10.1056/NEJM200106143442402
2105:10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.1843
1396:"Graft-versus-host disease"
958:Bone Marrow Transplantation
808:
676:Intravenously administered
571:A GvHD-like disease called
505:Transfusion-associated GvHD
451:) that can be presented by
10:
5412:
4840:common allergies include:
4652:Pseudoacanthosis nigricans
3728:harvesting from Falun Gong
3676:National Kidney Foundation
3532:Non-heart-beating donation
3130:. NewScientist. 3 May 2017
3023:10.1007/s00520-024-08686-x
2497:10.1182/blood-2002-08-2510
2335:Nature Reviews. Immunology
2271:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.02.027
1726:Kanda J (September 2013).
1528:10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.12.024
1249:10.1016/j.bbmt.2003.08.001
1145:10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.12.039
1033:10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.09.004
508:
278:
145:dermis from the epidermis)
15:
5294:
5260:
5251:
5229:
5183:
5162:
5143:
5113:
5067:
5052:
5011:
4963:
4956:
4942:
4912:
4887:
4802:
4779:
4667:
4504:
4476:
4431:
4423:Space adaptation syndrome
4400:
4374:
4358:
4331:Chronic mountain sickness
4274:
4249:
4236:Radiation recall reaction
4226:Radiation-induced morphea
4178:
4129:Warm water immersion foot
4101:
4075:
4068:
3976:
3959:
3928:
3912:
3896:
3865:
3839:
3803:
3767:
3760:
3715:
3689:
3641:
3576:
3558:Graft-versus-host disease
3550:
3522:
3494:
3369:
3336:
3255:
3185:
3010:Supportive Care in Cancer
2440:10.1182/blood.V99.11.4200
2395:10.1189/jlb.4ru0615-254rr
2311:10.21873/anticanres.11483
1910:10.1007/s12015-014-9574-4
1745:10.1007/s12185-013-1405-x
815:Graft-versus-tumor effect
805:and six others in Spain.
364:
72:Graft-versus-host disease
49:
44:
35:
31:Graft-versus-host disease
30:
18:Host-versus-graft disease
5386:Transplantation medicine
5085:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
4900:Eosinophilic esophagitis
4605:Weathering nodule of ear
4221:Radiation-induced keloid
4206:Radiation-induced cancer
4136:Non-freezing cold injury
4114:Immersion foot syndromes
3623:NHS Blood and Transplant
2967:– via www.fda.gov.
2137:"Thymus Transplantation"
920:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00079
589:antigen presenting cells
441:human leukocyte antigens
351:malignant transformation
301:Abdominal (belly) cramps
250:human leukocyte antigens
230:
135:
16:Not to be confused with
5381:Immune system disorders
5201:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
4988:Guillain–Barré syndrome
4533:Sclerosing lymphangitis
4124:Tropical immersion foot
3999:Immunosuppressive drugs
3735:Organ donation in India
3078:The National Law Review
1778:The Lancet. Haematology
1619:10.11406/rinketsu.60.22
1583:10.1053/bbmt.2003.50026
1357:Experimental Hematology
907:Frontiers in Immunology
466:(first two years), and
355:squamous cell carcinoma
313:Bloated abdomen (belly)
84:bone marrow transplants
5302:Autoimmune adrenalitis
4620:Painful fat herniation
4600:Vibration white finger
4309:Decompression sickness
4166:Erythrocyanosis crurum
4019:Frankenstein's monster
4014:Total body irradiation
3740:Gurgaon kidney scandal
3598:Human Tissue Authority
3152:Ferrara JLM, Deeg HJ,
2784:10.1038/sj.bmt.1703231
1861:10.1098/rstb.2011.0030
971:10.1038/sj.bmt.1701899
701:calcineurin inhibitors
543:Thymus transplantation
538:Thymus transplantation
470:(long-term survival).
401:cell-mediated immunity
374:
349:with a higher risk of
211:Mucosal damage to the
174:gastrointestinal tract
146:
4575:Fissure of the nipple
4543:UV-sensitive syndrome
4468:Adverse drug reaction
4297:Middle ear barotrauma
4287:Arterial gas embolism
4004:Lung allocation score
3941:Jean-Michel Dubernard
3330:Organ transplantation
2092:Journal of Immunology
1465:Pediatric Dermatology
523:and the recipient is
372:
322:Skin that feels tight
246:allogeneic transplant
215:can result in severe
143:
88:stem cell transplants
5307:Autoimmune hepatitis
5286:Transplant rejection
5196:Giant cell arteritis
5126:Rheumatoid arthritis
4983:Goodpasture syndrome
4895:Autoimmune urticaria
4570:Equestrian perniosis
3811:J. Hartwell Harrison
3568:Transplant rejection
3160:Marcel Dekker, 1990
2143:. pp. 255–267.
1440:10.4149/neo_2012_034
862:10.1136/hrt.80.3.211
825:Transplant rejection
725:In August 2017, the
462:(first six months),
334:Bacterial infections
178:hematopoietic system
99:transplant rejection
4773:autoimmune diseases
4657:Narcotic dermopathy
4565:Black heel and palm
4518:Dermatosis neglecta
4392:Psychological abuse
4231:Radiation poisoning
3920:André van der Merwe
3904:Richard C. Lillehei
3577:Transplant networks
3361:Xenotransplantation
3356:Autotransplantation
3344:Allotransplantation
2298:Anticancer Research
1687:Fukushima J Med Sci
556:xenotransplantation
124:used have not been
5216:Reactive arthritis
5206:Multiple sclerosis
5100:Reactive arthritis
4998:Pemphigus vulgaris
4978:Bullous pemphigoid
4879:Penicillin allergy
4815:Allergic urticaria
4627:Uranium dermatosis
4580:Pulling boat hands
4489:Lightning injuries
3775:Christiaan Barnard
3371:Organs and tissues
3256:External resources
3060:clinicaltrials.gov
803:The Berlin Patient
749:photobiomodulation
551:negative selection
499:graft-versus-tumor
390:histo-incompatible
375:
295:Decreased appetite
269:maculopapular rash
259:Acute GvHD of the
225:sexual intercourse
188:) itself, and the
147:
56:Emergency medicine
5346:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5247:
5246:
5139:
5138:
5048:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5036:Pernicious anemia
5031:Myasthenia gravis
4908:
4907:
4831:Atopic dermatitis
4820:Allergic rhinitis
4735:
4734:
4484:Electrical injury
4326:Altitude sickness
4174:
4173:
4027:
4026:
4009:Machine perfusion
3989:Edmonton protocol
3984:Biomedical tissue
3972:
3971:
3883:Vladimir Demikhov
3785:Adrian Kantrowitz
3537:Organ procurement
3296:
3295:
2593:(11): 1417–1425.
2158:978-88-470-0827-4
1855:(1575): 2312–22.
1283:(supl 1): 44–50.
820:Immunosuppression
784:In January 2016,
766:Clinical research
751:for GVHD-related
561:DiGeorge syndrome
479:host-versus-graft
397:immunocompromised
395:The recipient is
325:Dry, burning eyes
202:connective tissue
110:blood transfusion
94:White blood cells
69:
68:
25:Medical condition
5403:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5354:
5329:Sjögren syndrome
5258:
5257:
5160:
5159:
5065:
5064:
4961:
4960:
4940:
4939:
4800:
4799:
4769:Hypersensitivity
4762:
4755:
4748:
4739:
4738:
4723:
4711:
4710:
4699:
4698:
4687:
4686:
4675:
4674:
4511:physical factors
4507:skin conditions
4439:Hypersensitivity
4156:Cold intolerance
4073:
4072:
4060:Consequences of
4054:
4047:
4040:
4031:
4030:
3831:Michael Woodruff
3765:
3764:
3496:Medical grafting
3323:
3316:
3309:
3300:
3299:
3183:
3182:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3035:
3025:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2985:. 14 August 2024
2975:
2969:
2968:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2943:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2919:
2910:
2909:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2856:
2838:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2786:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2730:(9487): 733–41.
2718:
2712:
2711:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2673:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2628:
2620:
2610:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2565:
2557:
2547:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2467:
2459:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2397:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2313:
2304:(4): 1547–1555.
2289:
2283:
2282:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2241:
2233:
2223:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2178:
2170:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2107:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2019:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1970:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1872:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1827:
1819:
1801:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1747:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1710:
1702:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1638:
1630:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1585:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1540:
1530:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1442:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1372:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1320:
1303:
1302:
1292:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1251:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1174:
1166:
1156:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1111:
1103:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1062:
1054:
1044:
1012:
1006:
1005:
999:
991:
973:
949:
943:
942:
932:
922:
898:
892:
891:
881:
841:
645:immunodeficiency
433:interferon-gamma
383:immuno-competent
126:gamma irradiated
65:
64:
40:
28:
27:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5401:
5400:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5359:
5357:
5349:
5347:
5338:
5290:
5253:
5243:
5225:
5221:Type 1 diabetes
5191:Coeliac disease
5179:
5151:
5135:
5109:
5075:Arthus reaction
5056:
5040:
5026:Graves' disease
5007:
5003:Rheumatic fever
4952:
4920:
4904:
4883:
4810:Allergic asthma
4791:
4775:
4766:
4736:
4731:
4663:
4553:Electrical burn
4510:
4509:resulting from
4508:
4506:
4500:
4472:
4459:Arthus reaction
4427:
4408:Motion sickness
4396:
4370:
4354:
4270:
4266:Oxygen toxicity
4245:
4170:
4097:
4064:
4062:external causes
4058:
4028:
4023:
3968:
3955:
3924:
3908:
3892:
3861:
3835:
3816:John P. Merrill
3799:
3756:
3711:
3690:Joint societies
3685:
3656:Blood Cancer UK
3643:
3637:
3580:
3578:
3572:
3546:
3518:
3514:Vascular bypass
3490:
3365:
3332:
3327:
3297:
3292:
3291:
3251:
3250:
3194:
3180:
3170:Polsdorfer, JR
3149:
3147:Further reading
3144:
3143:
3133:
3131:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3002:
2998:
2988:
2986:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2957:
2953:
2937:
2936:
2929:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2874:
2870:
2836:10.12703/r/12-4
2823:Faculty Reviews
2815:
2808:
2763:
2759:
2719:
2715:
2691:
2687:
2656:(1): CD009768.
2642:
2638:
2622:
2621:
2579:
2575:
2559:
2558:
2538:(24): 1815–22.
2524:
2520:
2491:(11): 4233–44.
2481:
2477:
2461:
2460:
2423:
2419:
2374:
2370:
2347:10.1038/nri2138
2331:
2327:
2290:
2286:
2255:
2251:
2235:
2234:
2206:(10): 4539–47.
2192:
2188:
2172:
2171:
2159:
2133:
2129:
2084:
2080:
2051:(10): 1084–92.
2037:
2033:
1988:
1984:
1939:
1935:
1890:
1886:
1841:
1837:
1821:
1820:
1773:
1769:
1724:
1720:
1704:
1703:
1679:
1675:
1656:Harvey Lectures
1652:
1648:
1632:
1631:
1603:
1599:
1562:
1558:
1542:
1541:
1507:
1500:
1460:
1456:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1386:
1349:
1342:
1332:
1330:
1322:
1321:
1306:
1269:
1265:
1228:
1224:
1188:
1184:
1168:
1167:
1125:
1121:
1105:
1104:
1076:
1072:
1056:
1055:
1013:
1009:
993:
992:
950:
946:
899:
895:
842:
838:
833:
811:
799:
797:HIV elimination
768:
745:
690:
678:glucocorticoids
674:
672:Glucocorticoids
669:
616:
581:
569:
540:
513:
507:
415:present in the
407:from the donor.
367:
281:
233:
206:exocrine glands
138:
59:
26:
21:
12:
11:
5:
5409:
5399:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5368:
5367:
5344:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5325:
5324:
5319:
5309:
5304:
5298:
5296:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5288:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5275:
5264:
5262:
5255:
5249:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5235:
5233:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5187:
5185:
5181:
5180:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5166:
5164:
5157:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5105:Serum sickness
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5071:
5069:
5062:
5059:Immune complex
5050:
5049:
5046:
5045:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5009:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4969:
4967:
4958:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4946:
4944:
4937:
4936:
4935:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4910:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4817:
4812:
4806:
4804:
4797:
4777:
4776:
4765:
4764:
4757:
4750:
4742:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4717:
4705:
4693:
4681:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4629:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4610:Wrestler's ear
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4590:Surfer's knots
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4514:
4512:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4464:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4435:
4433:
4432:Adverse effect
4429:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4382:Physical abuse
4378:
4376:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4344:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4318:
4317:
4316:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4201:Radiation burn
4198:
4196:Radiation acne
4193:
4188:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4132:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4111:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4079:
4077:
4070:
4066:
4065:
4057:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4034:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3977:Related topics
3974:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3916:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3888:James D. Hardy
3885:
3880:
3878:Joel D. Cooper
3875:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3852:James D. Hardy
3849:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3826:Elizabeth Ward
3823:
3818:
3813:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3797:
3795:Norman Shumway
3792:
3787:
3782:
3780:James D. Hardy
3777:
3771:
3769:
3762:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3647:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3588:Eurotransplant
3584:
3582:
3579:and government
3574:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3528:
3526:
3524:Organ donation
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3500:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3326:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3303:
3294:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3272:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3237:
3226:
3211:
3195:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:Classification
3179:
3178:External links
3176:
3175:
3174:
3168:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3115:
3091:
3065:
3047:
2996:
2970:
2951:
2911:
2868:
2806:
2757:
2713:
2702:(5): 597–611.
2685:
2636:
2573:
2518:
2475:
2434:(11): 4200–6.
2417:
2368:
2325:
2284:
2249:
2186:
2157:
2127:
2098:(3): 1843–54.
2078:
2031:
1982:
1953:(1): 693–698.
1933:
1884:
1835:
1784:(2): e89–e99.
1767:
1718:
1673:
1646:
1597:
1556:
1498:
1454:
1413:
1384:
1340:
1328:www.cancer.org
1304:
1263:
1222:
1182:
1119:
1070:
1027:(12): 945–56.
1007:
944:
893:
856:(3): 211–212.
835:
834:
832:
829:
828:
827:
822:
817:
810:
807:
798:
795:
779:stem cell drug
767:
764:
744:
741:
689:
686:
673:
670:
668:
665:
664:
663:
640:
626:
623:
615:
612:
599:
598:
595:
592:
580:
577:
568:
565:
539:
536:
509:Main article:
506:
503:
409:
408:
393:
386:
373:GvHD pathology
366:
363:
339:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
310:Enlarged liver
308:
305:
302:
299:
296:
280:
277:
232:
229:
137:
134:
122:blood products
67:
66:
53:
47:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5408:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5366:
5356:
5355:
5352:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5293:
5287:
5284:
5281:
5280:Latex allergy
5278:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5259:
5256:
5250:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5232:
5228:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5186:
5182:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5158:
5155:
5150:
5149:cell-mediated
5146:
5142:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5112:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5080:Farmer's lung
5078:
5076:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5055:
5051:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5010:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4955:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4838:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4763:
4758:
4756:
4751:
4749:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4728:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4670:
4669:
4666:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4637:Skin pop scar
4635:
4634:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4585:Runner's rump
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4503:
4497:
4494:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4475:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4321:High altitude
4319:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4292:Aerosinusitis
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4055:
4050:
4048:
4043:
4041:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:Donna Mansell
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3936:Alexis Carrel
3934:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3857:Thomas Starzl
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3821:Joseph Murray
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3790:Richard Lower
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3688:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3651:Anthony Nolan
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:organizations
3640:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3575:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3551:Complications
3549:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3521:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3509:Skin grafting
3507:
3505:
3504:Bone grafting
3502:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3312:
3310:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3254:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3188:
3184:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3166:0-8247-9728-0
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3104:
3098:
3096:
3079:
3075:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3043:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3000:
2984:
2980:
2974:
2966:
2962:
2955:
2947:
2941:
2925:
2922:Mandanas RA.
2918:
2916:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2884:(4): 807–15.
2883:
2879:
2872:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2813:
2811:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2761:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2717:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2640:
2632:
2626:
2618:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2587:Haematologica
2584:
2577:
2569:
2563:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2479:
2471:
2465:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2421:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2388:(2): 279–87.
2387:
2383:
2379:
2372:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2341:(8): 585–98.
2340:
2336:
2329:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2288:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2239:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2182:
2176:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2082:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2002:(4): 1522–9.
2001:
1997:
1993:
1986:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1831:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1722:
1714:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1677:
1669:
1665:
1662:(62): 21–78.
1661:
1657:
1650:
1642:
1636:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1601:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1576:(4): 215–33.
1575:
1571:
1567:
1560:
1552:
1546:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1505:
1503:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1471:(3): 335–41.
1470:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1401:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1363:(3): 259–77.
1362:
1358:
1354:
1347:
1345:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1242:(12): 760–5.
1241:
1237:
1233:
1226:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1178:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:(13): 13–14.
1138:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1115:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1066:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1003:
997:
989:
985:
981:
977:
972:
967:
963:
959:
955:
948:
940:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
912:
908:
904:
897:
889:
885:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
840:
836:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
806:
804:
794:
791:
790:remestemcel-L
787:
782:
780:
776:
771:
763:
761:
757:
754:
750:
740:
738:
734:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
704:
702:
698:
694:
685:
683:
679:
661:
658:
654:
650:
646:
641:
638:
634:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
617:
611:
609:
605:
596:
593:
590:
586:
585:
584:
576:
574:
564:
562:
557:
552:
548:
544:
535:
533:
530:
526:
522:
518:
512:
502:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:immune system
471:
469:
465:
461:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
406:
402:
398:
394:
391:
387:
384:
380:
379:
378:
371:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
347:lichen planus
344:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
293:
292:
288:
286:
276:
272:
270:
267:
262:
257:
253:
251:
247:
242:
238:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
158:
156:
152:
142:
133:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
95:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
63:
57:
54:
52:
48:
43:
39:
34:
29:
23:
19:
5230:
5175:Mantoux test
4836:Food allergy
4724:
4712:
4700:
4688:
4676:
4631:
4559:
4547:
4387:Sexual abuse
4375:Maltreatment
4302:Pneumothorax
4161:Acrocyanosis
4151:Aerosol burn
4093:Heat syncope
4088:Hyperthermia
3873:Fikri Alican
3847:Fikri Alican
3557:
3274:
3263:
3239:
3228:
3213:
3198:
3171:
3157:
3132:. Retrieved
3127:
3118:
3106:. Retrieved
3082:. Retrieved
3077:
3068:
3059:
3050:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2987:. Retrieved
2982:
2973:
2964:
2954:
2928:. Retrieved
2881:
2877:
2871:
2826:
2822:
2777:(8): 807–8.
2774:
2770:
2760:
2727:
2723:
2716:
2699:
2695:
2688:
2653:
2649:
2639:
2625:cite journal
2590:
2586:
2576:
2562:cite journal
2535:
2531:
2521:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2464:cite journal
2431:
2427:
2420:
2385:
2381:
2371:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2301:
2297:
2287:
2265:(4): 683–9.
2262:
2258:
2252:
2238:cite journal
2203:
2199:
2189:
2140:
2130:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2048:
2044:
2034:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1950:
1946:
1936:
1901:
1897:
1887:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1824:cite journal
1799:10138/311714
1781:
1777:
1770:
1738:(3): 300–8.
1735:
1731:
1721:
1707:cite journal
1693:(2): 69–75.
1690:
1686:
1676:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1635:cite journal
1613:(1): 22–27.
1610:
1606:
1600:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1545:cite journal
1521:(5): 910–8.
1518:
1514:
1468:
1464:
1457:
1433:(3): 264–8.
1430:
1426:
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1399:
1360:
1356:
1331:. Retrieved
1327:
1280:
1276:
1266:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1192:
1185:
1171:cite journal
1136:
1132:
1122:
1108:cite journal
1086:(1): 101–7.
1083:
1079:
1073:
1059:cite journal
1024:
1020:
1010:
996:cite journal
964:(3): 283–7.
961:
957:
947:
910:
906:
896:
853:
849:
839:
800:
783:
772:
769:
753:oral mucosal
746:
735:
724:
705:
693:Cyclosporine
691:
675:
629:Methotrexate
600:
582:
570:
541:
525:heterozygous
514:
472:
457:
427:, including
410:
376:
340:
289:
284:
282:
273:
258:
254:
240:
236:
234:
210:
180:, e.g., the
159:
148:
113:
107:
103:alloimmunity
92:
75:
71:
70:
22:
4826:Anaphylaxis
4822:(Hay fever)
4444:Anaphylaxis
4418:Airsickness
4413:Seasickness
4119:Trench foot
4109:Hypothermia
4069:Temperature
3951:Bruce Reitz
3603:LifeSharers
3581:departments
3542:Organ trade
3384:Bone marrow
3265:MedlinePlus
3154:Burakoff SJ
3134:23 November
3108:22 February
2045:Transfusion
1904:(1): 1–10.
1400:MedlinePlus
1333:1 September
720:alemtuzumab
712:pentostatin
633:cyclosporin
517:transfusion
405:lymphocytes
359:Oral cancer
343:oral cavity
304:Weight loss
194:pneumonitis
182:bone marrow
112:, known as
5375:Categories
5295:Autoimmune
5184:Autoimmune
5114:Autoimmune
4957:Autoimmune
4888:Autoimmune
4642:Skin track
4595:Tennis toe
4523:Pinch mark
4505:Ungrouped
4449:Angioedema
4366:Starvation
4336:Death zone
4282:Barotrauma
4141:Chilblains
3454:islet cell
3424:Heart–lung
3241:DiseasesDB
3016:(8): 546.
2926:. Medscape
831:References
760:xerostomia
737:Axatilimab
716:etanercept
697:tacrolimus
682:prednisone
680:, such as
637:tacrolimus
614:Prevention
547:thymocytes
521:homozygous
495:allogeneic
172:, and the
4965:Cytotoxic
4647:Slap mark
4615:Coral cut
4179:Radiation
4146:Frostbite
3716:Countries
3429:Intestine
3276:eMedicine
2989:15 August
2930:30 August
2845:2732-432X
2175:cite book
2167:219575147
1427:Neoplasma
870:1355-6037
786:Mesoblast
775:Prochymal
731:ibrutinib
729:approved
708:sirolimus
667:Treatment
660:infection
653:bacterial
579:Mechanism
532:haplotype
487:leukemias
485:, mainly
425:cytokines
241:fulminant
130:leukocyte
51:Specialty
5365:Medicine
5254:multiple
5252:Unknown/
5054:Type III
5018:receptor
4867:Tree nut
4702:Glossary
4678:Category
4496:Drowning
4275:Pressure
4261:Asphyxia
4076:Elevated
3994:Eye bank
3897:Pancreas
3681:ORGANIZE
3642:Advocacy
3449:Pancreas
3287:derm/478
3042:39048807
3033:11269426
2940:cite web
2906:22094672
2863:36923700
2854:10009889
2801:27292769
2793:11781637
2752:33732870
2744:16125590
2680:30697701
2617:27662016
2554:11407342
2505:12522002
2448:12010826
2412:25250676
2404:26643713
2355:17653126
2320:28373413
2279:17433850
2230:17284531
2122:24007739
2114:11160231
2026:18539902
1977:29222323
1928:25516409
1879:21727137
1816:73449161
1808:30709437
1754:23893313
1627:30726819
1592:12720215
1537:26748160
1493:25151282
1485:22957989
1449:22296496
1379:11274753
1299:27982319
1258:14677115
1217:39209313
1209:20935546
1163:20371463
1100:26209034
1051:16338616
988:24811357
980:10455367
939:28373870
809:See also
501:effect.
447:(called
445:proteins
437:antigens
353:to oral
298:Diarrhea
261:GI tract
221:scarring
184:and the
168:(rash),
80:syndrome
78:) is a
5261:Foreign
5163:Foreign
5154:T cells
5145:Type IV
5068:Foreign
4943:Foreign
4914:Type II
4857:Seafood
4803:Foreign
4785:allergy
4714:Outline
4690:Commons
4454:Allergy
4257:Hypoxia
4241:Sunburn
4102:Reduced
3394:Corneal
3284:ped/893
3281:med/926
3235:D006086
2898:1715244
2708:8054913
2671:6353308
2608:5394879
2513:6486524
2456:6859250
2363:7043844
2221:1885498
2073:7462268
2065:9354830
2017:2515132
1968:6142614
1919:4333229
1870:3130422
1762:1585777
1699:7927137
1668:4875305
1154:2895410
1042:4329079
930:5357769
888:9875072
879:1761088
527:for an
421:tissues
413:T cells
341:In the
285:chronic
279:Chronic
155:chronic
120:if the
118:TA-GvHD
5351:Portal
5282:(I+IV)
5014:Type V
4852:Peanut
4781:Type I
4726:Portal
4632:iv use
4401:Travel
4349:(HACE)
4343:(HAPE)
4250:Oxygen
3804:Kidney
3761:People
3613:NOD-Lb
3486:Vagina
3481:Uterus
3476:Thymus
3471:Spleen
3434:Kidney
3270:001309
3224:279.50
3164:
3084:1 July
3040:
3030:
2904:
2896:
2861:
2851:
2843:
2799:
2791:
2750:
2742:
2724:Lancet
2706:
2678:
2668:
2615:
2605:
2552:
2511:
2503:
2454:
2446:
2410:
2402:
2361:
2353:
2318:
2277:
2228:
2218:
2165:
2155:
2120:
2112:
2071:
2063:
2024:
2014:
1975:
1965:
1926:
1916:
1877:
1867:
1814:
1806:
1760:
1752:
1697:
1666:
1625:
1590:
1535:
1491:
1483:
1447:
1377:
1297:
1256:
1215:
1207:
1193:Cornea
1161:
1151:
1098:
1049:
1039:
986:
978:
937:
927:
913:: 79.
886:
876:
868:
756:ulcers
727:US FDA
718:, and
657:fungal
655:, and
483:cancer
460:HLA-DR
365:Causes
213:vagina
198:elafin
186:thymus
170:mucosa
58:
5121:Lupus
4872:Wheat
4789:atopy
4477:Other
3929:Other
3913:Penis
3840:Liver
3768:Heart
3461:Penis
3439:Liver
3419:Heart
3389:Brain
3337:Types
3209:T86.0
2902:S2CID
2829:: 4.
2797:S2CID
2748:S2CID
2509:S2CID
2485:Blood
2452:S2CID
2428:Blood
2408:S2CID
2359:S2CID
2200:Blood
2163:S2CID
2118:S2CID
2069:S2CID
1996:Blood
1812:S2CID
1758:S2CID
1489:S2CID
1406:6 May
1213:S2CID
984:S2CID
850:Heart
649:viral
608:TNF-α
491:tumor
468:HLA-A
464:HLA-B
429:TNF-α
417:graft
237:acute
231:Acute
190:lungs
162:liver
151:acute
136:Types
5322:APS2
5317:APS1
5231:GVHD
4918:ADCC
4847:Milk
4771:and
4359:Food
4083:Burn
3866:Lung
3661:DKMS
3466:Skin
3444:Lung
3414:Head
3409:Hand
3404:Face
3379:Bone
3349:ABOi
3246:5388
3230:MeSH
3219:9-CM
3162:ISBN
3136:2018
3110:2016
3086:2012
3038:PMID
2991:2024
2946:link
2932:2017
2894:PMID
2878:Cell
2859:PMID
2841:ISSN
2789:PMID
2740:PMID
2704:PMID
2676:PMID
2631:link
2613:PMID
2568:link
2550:PMID
2501:PMID
2470:link
2444:PMID
2400:PMID
2351:PMID
2316:PMID
2275:PMID
2244:link
2226:PMID
2181:link
2153:ISBN
2110:PMID
2061:PMID
2022:PMID
1973:PMID
1951:2017
1924:PMID
1875:PMID
1830:link
1804:PMID
1750:PMID
1713:link
1695:PMID
1664:PMID
1641:link
1623:PMID
1588:PMID
1551:link
1533:PMID
1481:PMID
1445:PMID
1408:2019
1375:PMID
1335:2020
1295:PMID
1254:PMID
1205:PMID
1177:link
1159:PMID
1114:link
1096:PMID
1065:link
1047:PMID
1002:link
976:PMID
935:PMID
884:PMID
866:ISSN
699:are
695:and
635:and
606:and
604:IL-1
431:and
283:The
235:The
219:and
217:pain
204:and
166:skin
153:and
86:and
76:GvHD
4931:IgM
4926:IgG
4862:Soy
4842:Egg
4794:IgE
3399:Eye
3215:ICD
3200:ICD
3028:PMC
3018:doi
2965:FDA
2886:doi
2849:PMC
2831:doi
2779:doi
2732:doi
2728:366
2666:PMC
2658:doi
2603:PMC
2595:doi
2591:101
2540:doi
2536:344
2493:doi
2489:101
2436:doi
2390:doi
2343:doi
2306:doi
2267:doi
2216:PMC
2208:doi
2204:109
2145:doi
2100:doi
2096:166
2053:doi
2012:PMC
2004:doi
2000:112
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