134:
230:, Johnson initially opposed American entry into the conflict, but eventually supported the war effort after the United States declared war in 1917. She contributed to the war by advocating for women's suffrage and promoting other progressive causes. Following the war, Johnson continued her activism by working towards international peace.
202:
Johnson served as president of the CPEA for six years, during which she focused her efforts on rallying public support for women's suffrage in
Massachusetts. She advocated for the adoption of a state constitutional amendment to enfranchise women and played a key role in organizing suffrage rallies,
257:
In her later years, Johnson remained committed to activism and education. She continued her advocacy for international peace and taught subjects such as
International Affairs and Parliamentary Procedures until 1940. Johnson also played a role in local governance, advocating for proportional
241:
in 1926 to observe the League of
Nations in action and dedicated herself to educating the public about international affairs and peace initiatives. In addition to her activism, Johnson had a distinguished career in education, teaching
198:
in 1907. Upon her return to
Massachusetts, she became actively involved in the suffrage movement, becoming the president of the Cambridge Political Equality Association (CPEA) of MA in 1910, which she founded in 1896.
193:
Until adulthood, Grace A. Johnson held the traditional view that women belonged at home, despite her husband's support for suffrage. However, this perspective shifted after she attended a pro-suffrage meeting in
125:(CPEA), rallying public support for women's suffrage. She later focused on international peace activism and played a key role in introducing proportional representation in Cambridge in 1940.
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117:. Initially holding traditional views on women's roles, she became actively involved in suffrage after attending a meeting in
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404:"Cambridge Political Equality Association. Records in the Woman's Rights Collection, 1896–1926: A Finding Aid"
218:. In 1912, she served as a delegate and organizer to the Progressive Party National Convention in Chicago.
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In addition to her suffrage work, Johnson was politically active in other areas. She supported the
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In 1893, Grace Allen
Johnson married Lewis Jerome Johnson, a civil engineer. The couple settled in
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and served as executive secretary of the
Massachusetts Woodrow Wilson Foundation. She traveled to
491:"Partisan Women in the Progressive Era: The Struggle for Inclusion in American Political Parties"
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243:
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113:, educator, and peace activist known for her leadership in the women's suffrage movement in
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representation in
Cambridge. She died on January 17, 1952, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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Part III: Mainstream
Suffragists—National American Woman Suffrage Association
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Department (CDD), Cambridge, MA Community
Development (February 21, 2024).
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227:
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516:"in a Good Cause": Framingham and the Fight for Women's Suffrage"
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Berenson, Barbara F. (August 27, 2020). "Johnson, Grace Allen".
406:. October 2, 2014. Archived from the original on October 2, 2014
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121:, in 1907. Johnson was the founder and president of the
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canvassing voters, and writing pro-suffrage articles.
288:"Cambridge Nineteenth Amendment Centennial Bike Ride"
221:
150:
Grace Allen Fitch was born on
September 9, 1871, in
377:"100 Years: Celebrating Cambridge Women's Suffrage"
319:
267:
540:
424:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
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311:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
185:. They had two sons, Jerome and Chandler.
599:Politicians from Cambridge, Massachusetts
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438:
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363:, written by Emma Schwartz. Included in
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250:at the Garland School for Homemaking in
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123:Cambridge Political Equality Association
594:Educators from Cambridge, Massachusetts
579:20th-century American women politicians
360:Biographical Sketch of Grace A. Johnson
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513:
273:
465:. New York: Oxford University Press.
471:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.013.369350
188:
181:, where Lewis became a professor at
81:Suffragist, educator, peace activist
520:Historical Journal of Massachusetts
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166:in 1890 and went on to attend the
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569:American women's rights activists
222:World War I and post-war activism
158:, before her family relocated to
137:A suffragist poster from 1920 in
584:20th-century American educators
574:Women in Massachusetts politics
214:" on land value popularized by
16:American suffragist (1871–1952)
549:Suffragists from Massachusetts
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168:Pratt Institute Library School
64:Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.
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7:
489:Gustafson, Melanie (1997).
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462:American National Biography
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495:Journal of Women's History
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162:. Johnson graduated from
98:(commonly referred to as
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248:Parliamentary Procedures
179:Cambridge, Massachusetts
160:Hopkinton, Massachusetts
477:(subscription required)
589:Pratt Institute alumni
514:Danker, Anita (2021).
507:10.1353/jowh.2010.0559
233:Johnson supported the
174:, graduating in 1891.
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244:International Affairs
164:Hopkinton High School
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73:Mrs. Lewis J. Johnson
48:Maples, Indiana, U.S.
89:Lewis Jerome Johnson
156:Kalamazoo, Michigan
96:Grace Allen Johnson
25:Grace Allen Johnson
564:American pacifists
196:Cambridge, England
183:Harvard University
172:Brooklyn, New York
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119:Cambridge, England
382:City of Cambridge
235:League of Nations
210:and favored the "
208:Progressive Party
189:Suffrage movement
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45:September 9, 1871
35:Grace Allen Fitch
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57:January 17, 1952
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501:(2): 8–30.
274:Danker 2021
228:World War I
543:Categories
532:2509360464
262:References
212:single tax
146:Early life
111:suffragist
41:1871-09-09
129:Biography
528:ProQuest
483:Journals
420:cite web
307:cite web
448:Sources
410:May 12,
388:May 12,
297:May 12,
226:During
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252:Boston
239:Geneva
86:Spouse
453:Books
107:Fitch
426:link
412:2024
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313:link
299:2024
246:and
54:Died
31:Born
503:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
