52:
1852:
sharp reprimands from the front headquarters. In the
Russian armies south of the Pilica River, 26 infantry divisions were transferred and put into battle in 70 days, two more guard divisions remained in reserve. But for the armies of the Central Powers, the victory came at a high price. The arriving reserves (6.5 divisions) brought into action during the offensive were fully utilized by the beginning of July. Although the Russian troops at certain moments of the battles lacked artillery shells (while the consumption of shells was the highest since the beginning of the war), they were well equipped with rifle cartridges and retained an advantage in the number of machine guns. Skillfully directed fire from hand weapons was very effective, and massive frontal assaults cost the victorious troops dearly, which was reflected in the gradual narrowing of the breakthrough front.
1934:, saw the causes of defeats primarily in the shortcomings of the Russian troops command and control system: the lack of a single plan of action (and as a result, the initiative was ceded to the enemy), neglect of assessing the capabilities of the terrain and the position of the troops (as a result – "throwing suitable reserves from side to side"), weakness of technical training (creation of reserves, organization of supplies), biased attitude towards the enemy and his underestimation, distrust of the troops and individual commanders. All this resulted in the fact that “on the Russian side, there were, as it were, two independent organisms – the high command. … and the troops with their commanders", and "the doctrine of a concentrated strike, preached in the Russian army throughout the nineteenth century, in practice resulted in separately operating tentacles.
1679:
meters from the explosion. The
Russian fortifications were "... more ditches than trenches." According to François, "The mortars began their destructive work. The ground trembled, hell seemed to be let loose." According to Arz, "Our tension peaked as the infantry set off from their assault positions precisely at 10 o'clock." Mackensen had already defined "lines that should be reached in a uniform and if possible simultaneous manner, without preventing the troops from collectively moving on to secure the next sector where possible." After the first day, Mackensen reported, So far, everything is proceeding well", and on 3 May he reported 12,000 prisoners had been captured. François reported, "Gorlice was almost demolished; the section of the town that had been fighting resembled a sea of ruins." Mackensen then issued orders for the advance upon the River
1922:
Commander of All German Forces in the East (Ober Ost), proceeded in stages, depending on the result achieved. At first, the goal was to oust the
Russian armies from the Carpathian ridge, which was achieved after the retreat of the Russian troops behind the San and Dniester rivers; then the task of recapturing central Galicia and Przemysl was set, followed by the capture of Lemberg and the liberation of eastern Galicia. Finally, the goal was set to push the Russian troops as far north as possible between the Vistula and the Bug (therefore, A. von Mackensen considered the offensive of his army group in July–August 1915 to be a continuation of the Gorlice–Tarnów offensive ). The last goal, not achieved as a result of the Russian counterattack at
1604:. Mackensen was provided with a strong train of heavy artillery commanded by Generalmajor Alfred Ziethen, which included the huge German and Austro-Hungarian mortars that had crushed French and Belgian fortresses. Airplanes were provided to direct artillery fire, which was especially important since ammunition was short on both sides: only 30,000 shells could be stockpiled for the attack. Another significant plus was the German field telephone service, which advanced with the attackers, thereby enabling front-line observers to direct artillery fire. To increase their mobility on the poor roads, each German division was provided with 200 light Austro-Hungarian wagons with drivers.
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1668:, divulging what might have been a decisive weapon merely to distract the Allies in the west. Mackensen had ten infantry and one cavalry divisions (126,000 men, 457 light guns, 159 heavy pieces, and 96 mortars) along the 42 km (26 mi) length of the breakthrough sector. Facing him were five Russian divisions consisting of 60,000 men but desperately short on artillery. For fire support, the Russians could only count on 141 light artillery pieces and four heavy guns. One of the four burst as soon as the battle began.
1943:
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1926:, became the limit of the development of the Gorlice–Tarnów offensive, since, firstly, the further actions of the Central Powers against Russia became a general offensive along the entire front, and secondly, from the Russian side they received the character of a targeted defense, and not attempts to turn the tide of the struggle and seize the offensive initiative, thirdly, they demanded that the enemy conduct separate preparations for the operation, including the redeployment of two armies.
1722:. By 5 May the attackers were through the three trench lines that had opposed them, by 9 May they had reached all assigned objectives. Grand Duke Nicholas permitted a limited withdrawal, but rejected advice to construct a well fortified position far behind the frontline and then to pull back to it. At this point the Russian counterattacks grew ever more desperate, often throwing brand new recruits into battle, some armed only with grenades or wooden clubs.
1831:. The Russians reverted to a headlong retreat, and on 21 June the Grand Duke Nicholas ordered abandonment of Galicia. On 22 June Mackensen's Austro-Hungarians entered Lemberg after an advance of 310 km (190 mi), an average rate of 5.8 km (3.6 mi) per day. The Galician oil fields, crucial for the German navy, were soon back in production and 480,000 tons of badly-needed oil was captured.
1386:
1493:, the chief of staff of the Austro-Hungarian Army, attacked the Russians in an attempt to push them back. Both sides suffered appallingly, but the Russians held their line. By this time half of the Austro-Hungarian Army that had entered the war were casualties. Conrad pleaded for additional German reinforcements to hold the passes. German Chief of
1800:. Furthermore, Brusilov was ordered to relinquish his V Caucasian and XXII Corps, so that the Third Army could form a southern flank in combination with their II Cauciasian and XXIX Corps. This Third Army southern flank, led by Vladimir Olukhov, was supposed to prevent the 'Mackensen phalanx' from gaining any additional territory.
1811:, which would sever lines of communication between the Russian Northwest and Southwest Fronts. Mackensen would not only command his Eleventh Army but also the Austro-Hungarian Fourth Army, augmented with the X and XVII Corps, on his northern flank, and the Austro-Hungarian Second Army, augmented with the
1972:
The Grand Duke
Nicholas issued orders that yielded to the pressure step by step, evacuating both Galicia and the Polish salient to straighten out their front line, hoping to buy the time to acquire the weapons they so desperately needed, for example 300,000 rifles. This enormous movement is known as
1893:
The
Gorlice–Tarnów offensive and the subsequent offensive of the Northern armies of the AOK in Galicia is regarded as the largest, if not the main, victory of the Central Powers in the Russian theater of operations. For 10 weeks, the Russian armies of the Southwestern Front and the left flank of the
1868:
and the
Kingdom of Poland 3 generals, 1,354 officers and 445,622 soldiers of the Russian army, 350 guns, 983 machine guns. The Russian side officially announced the capture in May–June 1915 of 100,476 prisoners (of which 1,366 officers), 68 guns, 3 mortars and 218 machine guns of the Central Powers.
1929:
The reasons for the defeat of the
Russian armies in the 1915 campaign, which became the most important operation, were usually called the overwhelming numerical superiority of the Central Powers, insufficient technical equipment and lack of artillery ammunition, and the excessive persistence of the
1678:
On 1 May, the
Central Powers' artillery opened harassing fire, zeroing in their guns. The following morning at 0600 they began a sustained bombardment from field guns to heavy howitzers, at 0900 the mortars joined in. The huge mortar shells were especially terrifying, their blast killed men tens of
1580:
Conrad had to bow to
Falkenhayn's conditions. The joint attack would be by an Austro-German Army Group commanded by a German, whose orders from Falkenhayn would be transmitted via the Austro-Hungarian command. The Group would contain the Austro-Hungarian Fourth Army (eight infantry and one cavalry
1851:
Heavy сasualties in the May battles forced the
Russian armies to retreat from Galicia in early June 1915, and so hastily that the fortified positions prepared in the rear remained abandoned. The low stability of the troops of the Russian 8th Army, which left Lvov on June 22, became the reason for
1921:
The armies of the Central Powers failed to encircle the Russian armies and withdraw the Russian Empire from the war, but such a goal was not set before the start of the Gorlice–Tarnów offensive. The planning of the operation in Galicia by the Austria-Hungary's Army Higher Command and the Supreme
1576:
when the French attacked in late 1914 and again in early 1915, Falkenhayn had adopted the proposal of Oberst Ernst von Wrisberg...and ordered some divisions to give up one of their four regiments and to reduce their artillery batteries from six guns to four." These forces were used to create new
1847:
Rivers ended the Gorlice–Tarnów offensive, during which the armies of the Central Powers managed to inflict the largest defeat on the troops of the Russian Empire. The operation, which lasted 70 days, in terms of the number of troops involved (taking into account the replenishment of combat and
1690:
quickly sent two divisions to stem the Austro-German breakthrough, but they were utterly annihilated before they could even report back to headquarters. From the Russian point of view, both divisions simply disappeared from the map. On 3 May the Grand Duke Nicholas was sufficiently concerned to
1563:
Conrad met Falkenhayn in Berlin on 14 April, where final details of Falkenhayn's plan were agreed upon, and two days later orders were issued for the creation of the Eleventh Army. According to Buttar, the Eleventh Army would consist of the "...Guards Corps reinforced by the 119th Division, XLI
1663:
in Silesia, an hour's drive from Austrian headquarters. To prevent spying, the local inhabitants were moved out of the buildup area. In the north the German Ninth and Tenth armies made diversionary attacks that threatened Riga. On 22 April, the Germans launched the first poison gas attack near
1683:
as the next objective, which constituted the Russian third and final line of defense. In the meantime, Russian reserves in the form of the III Caucasian Corps, could not provide relief for at least a day. Yet, since this corps was committed to battle piecemeal, they proved of limited value in
1623:, deployed south to north, while the X Corps was held in reserve. Joseph Ferdinand's Fourth Army was deployed north of the Germans at Gromnik. The Russian Third Army was deployed with the X Corps led by Nikolai Protopopov, XXI Corps led by Jakov Shchkinsky, and IX Corps led by
1428:' chief offensive effort of 1915, causing the total collapse of the Russian lines and their retreat far into Russia. The continued series of actions lasted the majority of the campaigning season for 1915, starting in early May and only ending due to bad weather in October.
1826:
The attack commenced on 13 June, and by 17 June, the Germans had pushed the front line back 18 miles (29 km) to positions near Gródek. The German attack commenced again on 19 June, after the previous day was spent bringing forward their heavy artillery with matching
1738:. At this stage of the battle, according to Buttar, the Russian "X and XXIV Corps had effectively ceased to exist, while IX Corps had lost 80 per cent of its establishment strength," and the III Caucasian Corps had lost two thirds of its fighting strength. On 10 May,
1910:– approximately to the lines from which the Russian invasion of Galicia began in August 1914. Almost all the replenishment that came to the front was destroyed in the battles. The Russian Imperial army for the first time completely switched to strategic defense.
1872:
Based on these data, it can be assumed that 170,628 men died on the part of the Russian troops in the operation, and 140,420 men died on the part of the Central Powers. After the retreat of the Russian troops from Galicia, only within the military districts of
1539:
for the sole purpose of supporting it. On the other hand, I should like to submit the following plan of operations for your consideration...An army of at least eight German divisions will be got ready with strong artillery here in the west, and entrained for
1855:
The available official information about the trophies of the warring parties allows to clarify the number of those who died in the operation. This number is made up of those killed and missing, not taken prisoner. The Austria-Hungary's Army Higher Command
1207:
1894:
armies of the Northwestern Front were thrown back in Galicia – across the Bug, Zlota Lipa and Dniester rivers, retaining only a small part of the Austria-Hungary’s territory, and in the Kingdom of Poland they retreated beyond the Vistula to
1742:
had written Grand Duke Nicholas, "The strategic position of our forces is hopeless. In particular, I consider it my duty to note the position of Fourth Army, which will become very dangerous if the enemy breaks through along the lower San."
1792:. On 31 May, the Germans started capturing the forts surrounding the fortress, and Brusilov ordered its abandonment. Kneussl's 11th Bavarian Infantry Division marched in unopposed on 3 June. Lesh's Third Army then retreated to the
1885:, 566,833 soldiers of the Russian, German and Austro-Hungarian armies who had died since the beginning of the war were officially buried. At the same time, the foundation was laid for the creation of a network of war memorials.
1725:
On 6 May, Mackensen noted, "Along the entire line from the Vistula far into the Carpathians, the enemy is retreating. Today I calculate we already have 60,000 prisoners." By 11 May, Emmich's men had reached the outskirts of
1534:
on 13 April, "Your excellency knows that I do not consider advisable a repetition of the attempt to surround the Russian extreme (right) wing. It seems to me just as ill-advised to distribute any more German troops on the
1243:
1950:
Seeckt proposed that the Eleventh Army should advance north towards Brest-Litovsk, with their flanks shielded by the rivers Vistula and Bug. Mackensen and Falkenhayn supported this strategy of attacking the Russian
1381:
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Brigade of 81st Infantry Division, 3 regiments of 63rd Reserve Division, Composite Cavalry Corps (16th Cavalry Division (less 17th Hussar Regiment), 2nd Consolidated Cossack Division); 3rd Don Cossack Division
2164:
3rd Caucasus Cossack Division, 19th (Kostroma) Infantry Regiment of 5th Infantry Division, 33rd (Elets) Infantry Regiment of 9th Infantry Division; 167th (Ostroisk) Infantry Regiment of 42nd Infantry Division;
1769:. By 15 May, Jaroslau had been captured and the Germans started crossing the San there on 17 May. Radymno was captured on 24 May. Dimitriev's Third Army XXI and XII Corps were transferred under the control of
1848:
non-combat сasualties – 4.5 million men on both sides), in terms of сasualties of the opponents (on both sides more than 1.5 million men), in terms of trophies, became the largest during the First World War.
1286:
847:
2150:(Brigade of 81st Infantry Division, 3rd Rifle Brigade, 175th (Batursk) Infantry Regiment of 44th Infantry Division & 132nd (Bender) Infantry Regiment of 33rd Infantry Division);
1572:, and additional troops in the form of the Austro-Hungarian VI Corps were added to the Eleventh Army." Buttar goes on to state, "Impressed by the resilience of German troops on the
485:
4337:
1202:
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703:
1585:, an experienced soldier. The Germans formed a new Eleventh Army made up of eight divisions, trained in assault tactics in the west. They were brought east on 500 trains.
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Week of Successes for German Arms on Eastern and Western Battle Fronts; Defeat in Galicia May Cause Collapse of Carpathian Campaign, NY Times May 9, 1915 (pdf file)
2120:(3 militia brigades, 3 regiments of 5th Infantry Division, 2 militia brigades, 3 regiments of 42nd Infantry Division, 70th Reserve Division, 7th Cavalry Division );
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conducted a series of almost miraculous actions against the two Russian armies facing them. After surrounding and then destroying the Russian Second Army at the
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Fourth Army would be subordinated to the new German army. Eventually, 119th Infantry Division and 11th Bavarian Infantry Division were grouped together in
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1734:, an advance of 60 miles (97 km) in ten days. Mackensen's objective then became the securing of the San line, before advancing onwards to
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wished to strike a blow that would permanently diminish the ability of the Russian Army to mount offensives in future..." Falkenhayn wrote
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2132:(3 regiments of 49th Infantry Division, 48th Infantry Division & 176th (Perevolochensk) Infantry Regiment of 44th Infantry Division);
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1773:'s Eighth Army in an attempt by Grand Duke Nicholas to stem the German breakthrough. Soon after, Dimitriev was dismissed, replaced by
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Predominantly Polish troops of the Austro-Hungarian Army fire on Imperial Russian forces entrenched on the Pustki hill in the
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in late September. Over the next weeks, Russian troops continued to press forward into the Carpathian passes in the south of
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1474:, almost destroying them before they reached the protection of their own fortresses as they retreated across the border.
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1969:, would attack towards the southeast, while Mackensen turned north, and the Austro-Hungarian Second Army attacked east.
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1930:
Russia Headquarters in defending the conquered Galicia. One of the first researchers of the First World War in Russia,
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1823:'s XXII Reserve Corps, Plettenberg's Guards Corps, Arz's Austro-Hungarian VI Corps, and François' XLI Reserve Corps.
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knew about Russian losses and difficulties with ammunition supply. Therefore, merely reducing the pressure on the
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2138:(12th Siberian Rifle Division, 12th & 19th Infantry Divisions & 17th (Chernigov) Hussar Regiment);
632:
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provide three additional divisions and to authorize a limited withdrawal. The Russian XII Corps near the
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German Strategy and the Path to Verdun: Erich von Falkenhayn and the Development of Attrition, 1870–1916
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German strategy and the path to Verdun: Erich von Falkenhayn and the development of attrition, 1870–1916
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In reserve behind IX Corps: 31st Infantry Brigade (“Szende Brigade”), 11th Honved Cavalry Division.
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that were initially successful but soon turned into a retreat that did not stop until reaching the
1477:
At the same time, the Austro-Hungarian Army launched a series of attacks collectively known as the
1455:
1103:
1037:
691:
91:
2754:
2144:(3 regiments of 33rd Infantry Division & 173rd (Kamenets) Regiment of 44th Infantry Division);
1507:, "...it did seem as if the Russian Army had been gravely weakened by the recent campaigns...both
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Amtliche Kriegsdepesche (Telegrafen-Bureuo Wolff). O. O., O. J. Bd. 2. c. 675, 709–710, 720, 738.
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The Central Powers' next objective was a continued advance towards the east from a bridgehead at
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began its withdrawal, as did the XXIV Corps near Nowy Żmigród, signifying Russian control of the
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Women have come out to sell produce and wares in the ruins of the Gorlice town market square.
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refused, but in April 1915 Conrad threatened a separate peace if the Germans would not help.
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on 5 August, and by the end of the month Poland was entirely in Austro-German hands (see
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2551:Зайончковский A.M. Первая мировая война. Маневренный период 1914–1915, 1929, pp. 310–313
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as the first phase of an operation, which would then lead to a Russian retreat from the
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with eighteen and a half infantry and five and a half cavalry divisions, under General
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The German Eleventh Army was ready to start artillery operations by 1 May, with the
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The Eleventh Army was led by the former commander of the German Ninth Army, General
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2126:(31st Infantry & 61st Reserve Divisions, 3 regiments of 9th Infantry Division);
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German Press Statement on the Opening of the Battle of Gorlice-Tarnow, 2 May 1915
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1718:. Using an intact bridge over the Wisłoka, this division was able to advance to
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Austro-Hungarian VI Corps (39th Honved Infantry & 12th Infantry Divisions);
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2103:(21st Landsturm, 45th Landsturm, 2nd Infantry & 24th Infantry Divisions)
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3601:
1564:
Reserve Corps reinforced by 11th Bavarian Infantry Division, and X Corps.
4385:
4290:
3988:
3416:
2837:
1840:
1774:
1731:
1696:
1504:
1405:
43:
2540:
Die Oberste Heeresleitung 1914–1916 in ihren wichtigsten Entschließungen
1882:
1819:, north to south, consisted of Karl von Behr's Corps, Emmich's X Corps,
1751:
2160:
Behind the Russian front lines: Scattered across the rear of 3rd Army:
1903:
1844:
1758:
1735:
1692:
1439:
1022:
983:
1923:
1680:
4180:
3947:
2427:
Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich. Supreme commander of the Russian Army
1860:) and the German Supreme Commander of All German Forces in the East (
1076:
1874:
1541:
87:
83:
4440:
1957:
1865:
1861:
1762:
1719:
1660:
2755:
A British observer's account of the Gorlice-Tarnow campaign, 1915
1804:
1766:
1611:
deployed southwest of Gorlice, with the XLI Reserve Corps led by
1549:
1545:
1443:
79:
1780:
On 28 May, the German XLI Corps 81st Infantry Division captured
463:
2760:
Grand Duke Nikolai on the Battle of Gorlice-Tarnow, 3 June 1915
2674:
The Russian Army in the Great War: The Eastern Front, 1914–1917
1781:
99:
2806:
1796:, while Brusilov's Eighth Army retreated towards Lemberg near
4608:
1899:
1864:) announced the capture in May – early July 1915 in Galicia,
1793:
1727:
1557:
2751:
at the end of the Gorlice–Tarnów offensive at omniatlas.com
2720:]. Foreword by Nikolai Starikov. St.Petersburg: Piter.
1878:
1808:
1470:
wheeled their troops to face the Russian First Army at the
2325:
The First World War, Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914–1918
2310:
Collision of Empires. The War on the Eastern Front in 1914
2234:
Reichsarchiv. Der Weltkrieg 1914-1918.Bd.Berlin,1932.S.237
2018:
IX corps (106th Landsturm & 10th Infantry Divisions);
27:
1915 German offensive on the Eastern Front of World War I
2542:. E.S. Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1920, pp. 76–77, 86–87
2237:
2195:
2015:, Group Morgenstern, 8th & 3rd Infantry Divisions);
2207:
1651:
210 mm artillery shell used by Austro-Hungarian forces
2004:(Austro-Hungarian units unless otherwise indicated):
1454:
In the early months of war on the Eastern Front, the
2703:
Blood on the Snow: The Carpathian Winter War of 1915
2596:Первая мировая война. Большой иллюстрированный атлас
1655:
Falkenhayn moved German Supreme Headquarters, OHL (
2593:
2390:. Oxford: Osprey. pp. 164–168, 172–173, 180.
1382:Preliminary Ukrainian-Soviet peace treaty (1918)
4975:Battles of World War I involving Austria-Hungary
4951:
2578:Stone, Norman (1975) The Eastern Front 1914–1917
1596:as chief of staff. They would be opposed by the
1367:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers)
3783:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
2705:, University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
2698:, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd., London: 348 pp.
2287:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. pp. 159–163.
2822:
479:
2632:About 400,000 Austrians and 120,000+ Germans
2602:The First World War: Great illustrated atlas
1815:, on his southern flank. The Eleventh Army
4273:
2030:(German units unless otherwise indicated):
1977:. Warsaw was evacuated and fell to the new
4970:Battles of the Eastern Front (World War I)
2829:
2815:
2342:. Cambridge University Press. p. 129.
1955:in Poland, and forcing a decisive battle.
486:
472:
2708:
2647:Breakthrough: The Gorlice-Tarnow Campaign
2591:
2388:Germany Ascendant, The Eastern Front 1915
2285:Germany Ascendant, The Eastern Front 1915
2243:
2213:
2201:
1946:Russian prisoners of war after the battle
4980:Battles of World War I involving Germany
4072:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
2424:
2409:
1941:
1912:
1834:
1745:
1646:
1634:
4985:Battles of World War I involving Russia
4449:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
2352:
14:
4952:
2429:. De Kalb, IL: NIU Press. p. 230.
2385:
2322:
2307:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2272:
4402:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
3738:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
2810:
2671:
2652:
2649:, Praeger, Santa Barbara, California
2446:. London: Penguin. pp. 92, 135.
2439:
2337:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
1577:divisions for the new Eleventh Army.
467:
5010:History of Subcarpathian Voivodeship
4995:History of Lesser Poland Voivodeship
4806:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
1489:. In fierce winter fighting General
4735:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
3529:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2312:. Oxford: Osprey. pp. 110–246.
2008:Combined Division “Stöger-Steiner”;
1671:The Russian supreme commander, the
1615:, Austro-Hungarian VI Corps led by
1442:, and their positions north of the
1408:was initially conceived as a minor
24:
3468:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2639:
2249:
1988:
1472:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
25:
5026:
2735:
2657:(pbk. ed.). Cambridge: CUP.
2412:The Russian Army in the World War
2355:The Gorlice-Tarnow campaign, 1915
2225:С.Г. Нелипович, 2022, pp. 380–381
1673:Grand Duke Nicholas Nicholaevitch
1548:, to advance from about the line
493:
3831:Second Battle of the Piave River
3453:Russian invasion of East Prussia
2071:11th Bavarian Infantry Divisions
1807:, and the ultimate recapture of
1699:was becoming ever more tenuous.
411:
400:
389:
378:
367:
355:
344:
333:
322:
311:
300:
281:
270:
259:
247:
236:
225:
214:
203:
191:
180:
160:
147:
135:
50:
4902:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
4102:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
2836:
2585:
2572:
2563:
2554:
2545:
2532:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2496:
2487:
2478:
2469:
2460:
2433:
2418:
2403:
2394:
2379:
2370:
2361:
2346:
2331:
4725:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
4584:Deportations from East Prussia
4381:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
2626:
2410:Golovine, Nicholas N. (1931).
2327:. London: Arnold. p. 136.
2316:
2301:
2228:
2219:
1750:German heavy siege mortars at
1730:, while François' reached the
1684:hindering the German advance.
1619:, and the Guards Corps led by
1203:Battle for Kamianets-Podilskyi
13:
1:
4636:Ukrainian Canadian internment
2188:
1757:On 12 May, Mackensen ordered
1630:
1449:
4791:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement
4090:Estonian War of Independence
3758:Southern Palestine offensive
2701:Tunstall, Graydon J. (2010)
2529:С.Г. Нелипович, 2022, p. 385
2520:С.Г. Нелипович, 2022, p. 384
2502:С.Г. Нелипович, 2022, p. 381
2493:С.Г. Нелипович, 2022, p. 380
2013:German 47th Reserve Division
1937:
1714:took over command, captured
1556:in the general direction of
7:
4745:USA against Austria-Hungary
4144:Turkish War of Independence
4096:Latvian War of Independence
3821:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
3412:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
2696:The Eastern Front 1914–1917
2645:DiNardo, Richard L. (2010)
2592:Bichanina, Zinaida (2018).
2560:DiNardo, 2010, pp. 106–107.
2443:The Eastern Front 1914–1917
2353:DiNardo, Robert L. (2010).
2183:German Gorlice breakthrough
2176:
1888:
1627:, deployed south to north.
1566:Archduke Joseph Ferdinand's
1491:Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf
56:Gorlice–Tarnów breakthrough
10:
5031:
4990:1915 in the Russian Empire
4828:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
4376:1899–1923 cholera pandemic
3836:Second Battle of the Marne
3723:Second battle of the Aisne
3592:Second Battle of Champagne
3433:German invasion of Belgium
2678:University Press of Kansas
2475:DiNardo, 2010, pp. 62, 75.
2376:DiNardo, 2010, pp. 139–140
2323:Herwig, Holger L. (1997).
2065:Combined Corps “Kneussl” (
1996:(arrayed north to south):
1495:German Great General Staff
1377:Treaty of Bucharest (1918)
458:224 guns, 600 machine guns
4934:
4893:
4814:
4753:
4715:
4659:
4648:
4609:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
4552:
4524:
4472:
4394:
4368:
4320:
4213:
4206:
4138:Irish War of Independence
4034:
3916:
3881:Armistice of Villa Giusti
3866:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
3791:
3693:
3620:
3521:
3478:First Battle of the Marne
3425:
3387:
3322:
3313:
3256:
3130:
3119:
3085:
3057:
3019:
2971:
2924:
2917:
2844:
2338:Foley, Robert T. (2005).
2094:Austro-Hungarian 3rd Army
2001:Austro-Hungarian 4th Army
1583:Archduke Joseph Ferdinand
1526:would not be sufficient;
1282:Assault on Chongar Bridge
1162:Battle of Bobruysk (1918)
1033:Second Brusilov offensive
503:
445:
423:
293:
254:Archduke Joseph Ferdinand
172:
128:
62:
49:
37:
32:
4761:Constantinople Agreement
4054:Armenian–Azerbaijani War
3917:Co-belligerent conflicts
3886:Second Romanian campaign
3856:Third Transjordan attack
3567:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
3473:Battle of Grand Couronné
2718:Russia-Shield of Entente
2713:
2619:
2595:
1706:20th Infantry Division,
1402:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
1326:Romanian Campaign (1918)
1104:Romanian Campaign (1917)
1038:Romanian campaign (1916)
810:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
33:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
18:Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive
4960:1915 in Austria-Hungary
4824:Modus vivendi of Acroma
4776:Bulgaria–Germany treaty
4084:Greater Poland Uprising
3984:National Protection War
3861:Meuse–Argonne offensive
3811:German spring offensive
3806:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
3582:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
3557:Second Battle of Artois
3438:Battle of the Frontiers
2569:Robinson, 2014, p. 240.
2466:Robinson, 2014, p. 233.
2440:Stone, Norman (1998) .
2086:20th Infantry Divisions
1372:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
565:East Prussia war crimes
112:Central Powers victory
5015:History of Lviv Oblast
4849:Paris Peace Conference
4837:Ukraine–Central Powers
4631:Massacres of Albanians
4599:Late Ottoman genocides
4406:Bulgarian occupations
4114:Third Anglo-Afghan War
4078:Hungarian–Romanian War
3896:Naval Victory Bulletin
3891:Armistice with Germany
3841:Hundred Days Offensive
3768:Battle of La Malmaison
3718:Second battle of Arras
3685:Battle of Transylvania
3539:Second Battle of Ypres
3407:Sarajevo assassination
3296:South African Republic
2538:Erich von Falkenhayn,
2414:. Oxford. p. 220.
2060:82nd Reserve Divisions
1947:
1918:
1754:
1652:
1644:
1424:, but resulted in the
1420:to their south on the
173:Commanders and leaders
58:and Russian withdrawal
4859:Treaty of St. Germain
4832:Russia–Central Powers
4786:Sykes–Picot Agreement
4614:Pontic Greek genocide
4589:Destruction of Kalisz
4565:Eastern Mediterranean
4126:Polish–Lithuanian War
3908:Armistice of Belgrade
3871:Armistice of Salonica
3801:Operation Faustschlag
3748:Third Battle of Oituz
3670:Baranovichi offensive
3638:Lake Naroch offensive
3612:Battle of Robat Karim
3587:Vistula–Bug offensive
3562:Battles of the Isonzo
3493:First Battle of Ypres
2694:Stone, Norman (1975)
2672:Stone, David (2015).
2653:Foley, R.T. (2007) .
2484:DiNardo, 2010, p. 99.
2386:Bittar, Prit (2015).
2367:DiNardo, 2010, p. 49.
2357:. Praeger. p. 7.
2308:Buttar, Prit (2014).
2283:Buttar, Prit (2017).
2154:11th Cavalry Division
1975:Great Retreat of 1915
1945:
1916:
1835:Casualties and losses
1829:aerial reconnaissance
1749:
1657:Oberste Heeresleitung
1650:
1638:
1412:offensive to relieve
1028:Baranovichi offensive
609:Halich-Lviv offensive
454:410,000-1,019,953 men
446:Casualties and losses
4854:Treaty of Versailles
4570:Mount Lebanon famine
4485:in the United States
4453:Russian occupations
4167:Turkish–Armenian War
4108:Polish–Ukrainian War
4048:Ukrainian–Soviet War
3995:Central Asian Revolt
3778:Armistice of Focșani
3508:Battle of Sarikamish
3458:Battle of Tannenberg
2854:Military engagements
2400:Foley, 2005, p. 133.
2043:2nd Guards Divisions
1932:Andrei Zayonchkovski
1821:Eugen von Falkenhayn
1641:Carpathian Mountains
1621:Karl von Plettenberg
1613:Hermann von François
1602:D. R. Radko-Dmitriev
1590:August von Mackensen
1498:Erich von Falkenhayn
1483:Carpathian Mountains
1460:Battle of Tannenberg
1331:Anti-Hetman Uprising
816:Gorlice breakthrough
198:August von Mackensen
187:Erich von Falkenhayn
86:area, south-east of
70:2 May – 13 July 1915
4921:They shall not pass
4844:Treaty of Bucharest
4801:Treaty of Bucharest
4740:USA against Germany
4717:Declarations of war
4421:German occupations
4334:British casualties
4193:Soviet–Georgian War
4120:Egyptian Revolution
4060:Armeno-Georgian War
3924:Somaliland campaign
3876:Armistice of Mudros
3753:Battle of Caporetto
3743:Battle of Mărășești
3713:Zimmermann telegram
3708:February Revolution
3653:Battle of the Somme
3577:Bug-Narew Offensive
3552:Battle of Gallipoli
3544:Sinking of the RMS
3336:Scramble for Africa
3330:Franco-Prussian War
2986:Sinai and Palestine
2789: /
2052:XXXXI Reserve Corps
1983:Bug-Narew Offensive
1979:Twelfth German Army
1963:Paul von Hindenburg
1839:The battles on the
1740:Vladimir Dragomirov
1625:Dmitry Shcherbachev
1464:Paul von Hindenburg
1215:The Battle of Irpin
1191:Battle of Berdychiv
1060:February Revolution
909:Dniestr–Zolota Lypa
431:1,884 machine guns
266:Grand Duke Nicholas
221:E. von Böhm-Ermolli
4881:Treaty of Lausanne
4796:Paris Economy Pact
4730:UK against Germany
4660:Entry into the war
4626:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
4345:Ottoman casualties
4155:Franco-Turkish War
4035:Post-War conflicts
4019:Russian Revolution
4001:Invasion of Darfur
3966:Kelantan rebellion
3954:Kurdish rebellions
3930:Mexican Revolution
3763:October Revolution
3728:Kerensky offensive
3703:Capture of Baghdad
3680:Monastir offensive
3665:Brusilov offensive
3503:Battle of Kolubara
3342:Russo-Japanese War
2747:2015-03-16 at the
2714:Россия-щит Антанты
2113:(north to south):
1948:
1919:
1755:
1710:was renamed after
1653:
1645:
1598:Russian Third Army
1456:German Eighth Army
1434:viewed securing a
1126:October Revolution
1082:Tarnopol-Offensive
1065:Kerensky offensive
995:Brusilov offensive
757:2nd Masurian Lakes
626:Galicia war crimes
560:1st Masurian Lakes
439:1,768 machine guns
4965:Conflicts in 1915
4947:
4946:
4930:
4929:
4914:The Golden Virgin
4908:Mutilated victory
4889:
4888:
4869:Treaty of Trianon
4864:Treaty of Neuilly
4771:Damascus Protocol
4644:
4643:
4604:Armenian genocide
4561:Allied blockades
4533:Belgian refugees
4316:
4315:
4226:Strategic bombing
4202:
4201:
4187:Franco-Syrian War
4161:Greco-Turkish War
4149:Anglo-Turkish War
4132:Polish–Soviet War
4066:German Revolution
4042:Russian Civil War
4025:Finnish Civil War
3851:Battle of Megiddo
3826:Battle of Goychay
3773:Battle of Cambrai
3733:Battle of Mărăști
3648:Battle of Jutland
3628:Erzurum offensive
3483:Siege of Przemyśl
3463:Siege of Tsingtao
3448:Battle of Galicia
3378:Second Balkan War
3366:Italo-Turkish War
3323:Pre-War conflicts
3309:
3308:
3199:Portuguese Empire
3115:
3114:
3077:German New Guinea
3059:Asian and Pacific
2727:978-5-496-01795-4
2710:Oleynikov, Alexei
2664:978-0-521-04436-3
2611:978-5-17-084566-8
2425:Robinson (2014).
1790:Przemyśl Fortress
1581:divisions) under
1479:Battle of Galicia
1418:Austro-Hungarians
1397:
1396:
1048:Christmas Battles
784:2nd Vistula River
650:Laski and Anielin
644:1st Vistula River
462:
461:
232:Svetozar Boroević
124:
123:
16:(Redirected from
5022:
5005:June 1915 events
4874:Treaty of Sèvres
4766:Treaty of London
4657:
4656:
4435:Northeast France
4366:
4365:
4338:Parliamentarians
4271:
4270:
4233:Chemical weapons
4211:
4210:
3972:Senussi campaign
3942:Muscat rebellion
3936:Maritz rebellion
3904:
3846:Vardar offensive
3675:Battle of Romani
3643:Battle of Asiago
3633:Battle of Verdun
3597:Kosovo offensive
3372:First Balkan War
3320:
3319:
3219:Russian Republic
3128:
3127:
2922:
2921:
2864:Economic history
2831:
2824:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2731:
2691:
2668:
2633:
2630:
2615:
2599:
2579:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2543:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2521:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2485:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2280:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2110:Russian 3rd Army
2027:German 11th Army
1967:Erich Ludendorff
1771:Aleksei Brusilov
1537:Carpathian front
1468:Erich Ludendorff
1462:in late August,
1416:pressure on the
1390:
1290:
1271:
1263:Battle for Izyum
1259:
1247:
1223:
1211:
1199:
1187:
1147:Battle of Galați
1090:
958:
926:Strypa offensive
741:
733:Kozevo offensive
667:2nd East Prussia
622:
519:1st East Prussia
498:
488:
481:
474:
465:
464:
456:250,000 captured
416:
415:
414:
405:
404:
403:
394:
393:
392:
383:
382:
381:
372:
371:
370:
360:
359:
349:
348:
338:
337:
327:
326:
316:
315:
305:
304:
286:
285:
284:
275:
274:
273:
264:
263:
262:
252:
251:
241:
240:
230:
229:
219:
218:
208:
207:
200:
196:
195:
185:
184:
165:
164:
163:
153:
151:
150:
141:
139:
138:
64:
63:
54:
30:
29:
21:
5030:
5029:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5000:May 1915 events
4950:
4949:
4948:
4943:
4926:
4885:
4817:
4810:
4781:Treaty of Darin
4749:
4711:
4667:Austria-Hungary
4653:
4640:
4621:Rape of Belgium
4548:
4520:
4468:
4462:Western Armenia
4457:Eastern Galicia
4390:
4364:
4328:
4327:Civilian impact
4326:
4312:
4269:
4198:
4030:
3960:Ovambo Uprising
3912:
3898:
3787:
3689:
3616:
3534:Battle of Łomża
3517:
3513:Christmas truce
3488:Race to the Sea
3421:
3383:
3305:
3276:Austria-Hungary
3252:
3187:Empire of Japan
3124:
3122:
3111:
3095:U-boat campaign
3081:
3053:
3015:
2967:
2913:
2894:Popular culture
2840:
2835:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2749:Wayback Machine
2738:
2728:
2715:
2688:
2665:
2642:
2640:Further reading
2637:
2636:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2612:
2604:]. Litres.
2597:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2524:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2479:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2454:
2438:
2434:
2423:
2419:
2408:
2404:
2399:
2395:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2351:
2347:
2336:
2332:
2321:
2317:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2281:
2250:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2212:
2208:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2179:
1991:
1989:Order of Battle
1940:
1891:
1837:
1817:Order of battle
1761:established at
1712:Otto von Emmich
1688:Radko Dimitriev
1633:
1594:Hans von Seeckt
1592:, with Colonel
1452:
1398:
1393:
1384:
1284:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1217:
1205:
1193:
1181:
1114:Kornilov affair
1084:
952:
735:
616:
499:
494:
492:
457:
455:
440:
438:
434:
432:
430:
412:
410:
409:
401:
399:
398:
390:
388:
387:
379:
377:
376:
368:
366:
354:
353:
343:
342:
332:
331:
321:
320:
310:
309:
299:
288:Radko Dimitriev
282:
280:
279:
271:
269:
268:
260:
258:
246:
245:
235:
234:
224:
223:
213:
212:
210:Hans von Seeckt
202:
201:
190:
189:
179:
178:
161:
159:
155:Austria-Hungary
148:
146:
145:
136:
134:
103:
96:Austria-Hungary
57:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5028:
5018:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4925:
4924:
4917:
4910:
4905:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4846:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4826:
4820:
4818:
4816:Peace treaties
4815:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4721:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4702:United Kingdom
4699:
4694:
4692:Ottoman Empire
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4663:
4661:
4654:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4596:
4594:Sack of Dinant
4591:
4586:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4558:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4542:United Kingdom
4539:
4530:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4502:
4496:POW locations
4494:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4478:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4465:
4464:
4459:
4451:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4404:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4372:
4370:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4331:
4329:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4296:United Kingdom
4293:
4291:Ottoman Empire
4288:
4283:
4277:
4275:
4268:
4267:
4265:Trench warfare
4262:
4261:
4260:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4217:
4215:
4208:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4190:
4184:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4164:
4158:
4152:
4141:
4135:
4129:
4123:
4117:
4111:
4105:
4099:
4093:
4087:
4081:
4075:
4069:
4063:
4057:
4051:
4045:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4004:
3998:
3992:
3986:
3981:
3978:Volta-Bani War
3975:
3969:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3933:
3927:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3816:Zeebrugge Raid
3813:
3808:
3803:
3797:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3607:Battle of Loos
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3498:Black Sea raid
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3400:Historiography
3391:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3363:
3357:
3354:Bosnian Crisis
3351:
3348:Tangier Crisis
3345:
3339:
3333:
3326:
3324:
3317:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3281:Ottoman Empire
3278:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3260:
3258:Central Powers
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3241:British Empire
3236:United Kingdom
3233:
3228:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3214:Russian Empire
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3132:Entente Powers
3125:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3100:North Atlantic
3091:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3011:Central Arabia
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2973:Middle Eastern
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2948:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2930:
2928:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2874:Historiography
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2811:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2737:
2736:External links
2734:
2733:
2732:
2726:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2687:978-0700620951
2686:
2669:
2663:
2650:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2610:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2571:
2562:
2553:
2544:
2531:
2522:
2513:
2504:
2495:
2486:
2477:
2468:
2459:
2452:
2432:
2417:
2402:
2393:
2378:
2369:
2360:
2345:
2330:
2315:
2300:
2294:978-1472819376
2293:
2248:
2246:, p. 240.
2244:Oleynikov 2016
2236:
2227:
2218:
2214:Bichanina 2018
2206:
2204:, p. 255.
2202:Oleynikov 2016
2193:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:Army Reserve:
2166:
2165:
2158:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2106:
2105:
2090:
2089:
2074:
2063:
2049:
2046:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2009:
1994:Central Powers
1990:
1987:
1939:
1936:
1890:
1887:
1881:(Lemberg) and
1836:
1833:
1632:
1629:
1451:
1448:
1426:Central Powers
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1361:Peace treaties
1358:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1248:
1239:Lozova station
1236:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1212:
1200:
1188:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
991:
986:
981:
975:
974:
970:
969:
964:
959:
947:
940:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
912:
911:
906:
905:
904:
899:
889:
884:
879:
878:
877:
875:Novogeorgievsk
872:
867:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
824:
823:
818:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
780:
779:
774:
764:
759:
754:
749:
748:
747:
742:
730:
718:
712:
711:
707:
706:
701:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
652:
647:
640:
635:
630:
629:
628:
623:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
569:
568:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
515:
509:
508:
504:
501:
500:
491:
490:
483:
476:
468:
460:
459:
452:
448:
447:
443:
442:
435:
426:
425:
421:
420:
364:
296:
295:
294:Units involved
291:
290:
277:Nikolay Ivanov
256:
243:Paul von Brlog
175:
174:
170:
169:
167:Russian Empire
157:
131:
130:
126:
125:
122:
121:
120:
119:
109:
105:
104:
78:
76:
72:
71:
68:
60:
59:
47:
46:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5027:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4933:
4923:
4922:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4882:
4879:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4813:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4752:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4708:
4707:United States
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4647:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4578:
4575:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4443:
4442:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4324:
4319:
4309:
4308:United States
4306:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4263:
4259:
4258:Convoy system
4256:
4255:
4254:
4253:Naval warfare
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4013:Kaocen revolt
4011:
4008:
4007:Easter Rising
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3619:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3572:Great Retreat
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3520:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3443:Battle of Cer
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3360:Agadir Crisis
3358:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3249:
3248:United States
3246:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3166:
3165:French Empire
3163:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3118:
3108:
3107:Mediterranean
3105:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3087:Naval warfare
3084:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2963:Italian Front
2961:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2951:Eastern Front
2949:
2947:
2946:Western Front
2944:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2904:Puppet states
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2820:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2793:49.7°N 21.2°E
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2742:Map of Europe
2740:
2739:
2729:
2723:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2648:
2644:
2643:
2629:
2625:
2613:
2607:
2603:
2598:
2590:
2589:
2575:
2566:
2557:
2548:
2541:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2508:
2499:
2490:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2455:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2421:
2413:
2406:
2397:
2389:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2356:
2349:
2341:
2334:
2326:
2319:
2311:
2304:
2296:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2245:
2240:
2231:
2222:
2216:, p. 79.
2215:
2210:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1944:
1935:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1915:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1898:, across the
1897:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1832:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1813:Beskidenkorps
1810:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1788:north of the
1787:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1708:Korps Kneussl
1705:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1649:
1642:
1637:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:Korps Kneussl
1605:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1574:Western Front
1571:
1570:Korps Kneussl
1567:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1503:According to
1501:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:Eastern Front
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1344:Naval warfare
1343:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1311:Hetman's coup
1309:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:Kostiuchnówka
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
997:
996:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
972:
971:
968:
965:
963:
960:
956:
951:
948:
946:
945:
941:
939:
938:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
910:
907:
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
893:
892:Riga-Schaulen
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
865:2nd Przasnysz
863:
862:
861:
858:
857:
856:
855:
854:Great Retreat
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
812:
811:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
768:
765:
763:
762:1st Przasnysz
760:
758:
755:
753:
752:Humin-Bolimów
750:
746:
743:
739:
734:
731:
729:
726:
725:
724:
723:
719:
717:
714:
713:
709:
708:
705:
704:Lupovsky Pass
702:
700:
699:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
657:
653:
651:
648:
646:
645:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
627:
624:
620:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
576:
575:
574:
570:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
522:
521:
520:
516:
514:
511:
510:
506:
505:
502:
497:
496:Eastern Front
489:
484:
482:
477:
475:
470:
469:
466:
453:
450:
449:
444:
437:1,424,158 men
436:
429:1,613,360 men
428:
427:
422:
419:
408:
397:
386:
375:
365:
363:
358:
352:
347:
341:
336:
330:
325:
319:
314:
308:
303:
298:
297:
292:
289:
278:
267:
257:
255:
250:
244:
239:
233:
228:
222:
217:
211:
206:
199:
194:
188:
183:
177:
176:
171:
168:
158:
156:
144:
143:German Empire
133:
132:
127:
118:
117:Great Retreat
115:
114:
113:
110:
107:
106:
101:
98:(present-day
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
74:
73:
69:
66:
65:
61:
53:
48:
45:
41:
40:Eastern Front
36:
31:
19:
4919:
4912:
4900:
4507: /
4439:
4274:Conscription
4238:Cryptography
4175:Iraqi Revolt
3602:Siege of Kut
3566:
3545:
3123:participants
3072:German Samoa
3006:South Arabia
2774:
2717:
2702:
2695:
2676:. Lawrence:
2673:
2654:
2646:
2628:
2601:
2586:Bibliography
2574:
2565:
2556:
2547:
2539:
2534:
2525:
2516:
2507:
2498:
2489:
2480:
2471:
2462:
2442:
2435:
2426:
2420:
2411:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2381:
2372:
2363:
2354:
2348:
2339:
2333:
2324:
2318:
2309:
2303:
2284:
2239:
2230:
2221:
2209:
2197:
2167:
2159:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2092:
2091:
2076:In reserve:
2035:Guards Corps
2025:
2024:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1971:
1956:
1949:
1928:
1920:
1892:
1871:
1854:
1850:
1838:
1825:
1812:
1802:
1779:
1756:
1724:
1716:Nowy Żmigród
1707:
1704:Korps Emmich
1703:
1701:
1686:
1677:
1670:
1654:
1608:
1606:
1587:
1579:
1569:
1562:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1502:
1476:
1453:
1436:breakthrough
1430:
1401:
1399:
1172:
1119:
993:
950:Death Island
942:
935:
852:
809:
808:
794:1st Courland
720:
696:
654:
642:
571:
540:Gross-Bresau
517:
129:Belligerents
111:
38:Part of the
4537:Netherlands
4514:Switzerland
4395:Occupations
4386:Spanish flu
4163:(1919–1922)
4157:(1918–1921)
4151:(1918–1923)
4140:(1919–1921)
4134:(1919–1921)
4128:(1919–1920)
4104:(1918–1920)
4098:(1918–1920)
4092:(1918–1920)
4074:(1918–1920)
4056:(1918–1920)
4050:(1917–1921)
4044:(1917–1921)
3991:(1916-1918)
3989:Arab Revolt
3980:(1915–1917)
3974:(1915–1917)
3962:(1914-1917)
3956:(1914–1917)
3950:(1914–1921)
3944:(1913–1920)
3932:(1910–1920)
3926:(1900–1920)
3899: [
3417:July Crisis
3338:(1880–1914)
3001:Mesopotamia
2879:Home fronts
2838:World War I
2796: /
2011:XIV Corps (
1794:Tanew River
1775:Leonid Lesh
1759:bridgeheads
1697:Carpathians
1505:Prit Buttar
1406:World War I
1385: [
1336:Motovilivka
1285: [
1266: [
1254: [
1242: [
1218: [
1206: [
1194: [
1182: [
1173:Faustschlag
1085: [
979:Lake Naroch
953: [
882:Vistula-Bug
848:Kraupishken
843:3rd Osowiec
799:2nd Bolimów
789:2nd Osowiec
736: [
722:Carpathians
698:Bzura-Rawka
682:Krzywopłoty
638:1st Osowiec
617: [
614:Jarosławice
589:Zolota Lypa
579:1st Kraśnik
555:Abschwangen
525:Stallupönen
44:World War I
4954:Categories
4754:Agreements
4554:War crimes
4430:Luxembourg
4323:Casualties
3194:Montenegro
3029:South West
2909:Technology
2899:Propaganda
2889:Opposition
2798:49.7; 21.2
2453:0140267255
2189:References
2148:XXIX Corps
2130:XXIV Corps
1908:Hrubieszów
1904:Krasnystaw
1902:River, to
1845:Zlota Lipa
1736:Rawa-Ruska
1693:Dukla Pass
1631:The battle
1617:Arthur Arz
1528:Falkenhayn
1450:Background
1440:Dukla Pass
1350:Baltic Sea
1304:Sevastopol
1157:Bessarabia
1023:2nd Kekava
989:Stolovichy
984:1st Kekava
594:Gnila Lipa
550:Tannenberg
513:Wierzbołów
441:2,383 guns
433:3,259 guns
318:South Army
4651:Diplomacy
4358:Olympians
4281:Australia
4248:Logistics
4181:Vlora War
4110:(1918–19)
4086:(1918–19)
4080:(1918–19)
4068:(1918–19)
4015:(1916–17)
3997:(1916–17)
3948:Zaian War
3938:(1914–15)
3658:first day
3546:Lusitania
3374:(1912–13)
3368:(1911–12)
3356:(1908–09)
3350:(1905–06)
3332:(1870–71)
3121:Principal
2981:Gallipoli
2884:Memorials
2869:Geography
2859:Aftermath
2712:(2016).
2142:XXI Corps
2136:XII Corps
1961:, led by
1938:Aftermath
1732:San River
1432:Mackensen
1355:Black Sea
1299:Salt Lake
1131:Zhmerynka
1094:Krechowce
1077:July Days
1043:Schmarden
1006:Mamornița
921:Grubeshov
860:Bug-Narew
777:Kalvarija
728:Rafajlowa
716:Cârlibaba
692:Łowczówek
656:San River
545:Gumbinnen
396:VIII Army
4939:Category
4526:Refugees
4492:Italians
4481:Germans
4441:Ober Ost
4221:Aviation
3315:Timeline
3286:Bulgaria
3067:Tsingtao
3044:Togoland
2991:Caucasus
2926:European
2918:Theatres
2745:Archived
2177:See also
2118:IX Corps
1958:Ober Ost
1889:Analysis
1883:Przemyśl
1866:Bukovina
1862:Ober Ost
1805:Magierów
1763:Jaroslau
1752:Przemyśl
1720:Wietrzno
1321:Dibrivka
1234:Bakhmach
1167:Rarańcza
1109:2nd Riga
897:1st Riga
804:Pakosław
687:Limanowa
662:Mołotków
633:Augustów
424:Strength
374:III Army
362:VII Army
340:III Army
75:Location
4677:Germany
4577:Germany
4505:Germany
4425:Belgium
4410:Albania
4369:Disease
4349:Sports
4301:Ireland
4214:Warfare
4207:Aspects
3395:Origins
3388:Prelude
3291:Senussi
3271:Germany
3266:Leaders
3204:Romania
3145:Belgium
3140:Leaders
3039:Kamerun
3021:African
2956:Romania
2934:Balkans
2849:Outline
2784:21°12′E
2781:49°42′N
2124:X Corps
2101:X Corps
2078:X Corps
1953:salient
1924:Kraśnik
1896:Józefów
1809:Lemberg
1767:Radymno
1681:Wisłoka
1554:Gromnik
1550:Gorlice
1546:Bochnia
1540:Muczyn-
1487:Galicia
1444:Vistula
1414:Russian
1404:during
1152:Finland
962:Smorgon
887:Jastków
833:Rokitna
821:Syniava
745:Makivka
604:Gorodek
584:Komarow
573:Galicia
535:Kaushen
451:520,000
418:IX Army
407:XI Army
385:IV Army
351:IV Army
329:II Army
307:XI Army
92:Galicia
80:Gorlice
4697:Russia
4672:France
4500:Canada
4415:Serbia
4286:Canada
4243:Horses
4195:(1921)
4189:(1920)
4183:(1920)
4177:(1920)
4169:(1920)
4122:(1919)
4116:(1919)
4062:(1918)
4027:(1918)
4021:(1917)
4009:(1916)
4003:(1916)
3968:(1915)
3380:(1913)
3362:(1911)
3344:(1905)
3301:Darfur
3226:Serbia
3209:Russia
3172:Greece
3160:France
3150:Brazil
2996:Persia
2939:Serbia
2724:
2684:
2661:
2608:
2450:
2291:
2084:&
2058:&
2041:&
1875:Kraków
1798:Gródek
1782:Stubno
1659:), to
1542:Grybów
1532:Conrad
1522:k.u.k.
1410:German
1316:Kaniów
1294:Sivash
1277:Crimea
1251:Donbas
1120:Albion
1070:Zboriv
967:Zurnvo
838:Tarłów
828:Konary
677:Kraków
152:
140:
108:Result
100:Poland
88:Kraków
84:Tarnów
4894:Other
4687:Japan
4682:Italy
4509:camps
4353:Rugby
3903:]
3182:Japan
3177:Italy
3155:China
3049:North
2716:[
2620:Notes
2600:[
2067:119th
1900:Tanew
1786:Nakło
1728:Sanok
1666:Ypres
1661:Pless
1558:Sanok
1389:]
1289:]
1270:]
1258:]
1246:]
1227:Narva
1222:]
1210:]
1198:]
1186:]
1179:Keila
1099:Krevo
1089:]
1016:Kowel
1001:Lutsk
957:]
944:Vilno
937:Rovno
916:Rasna
902:Kovno
870:Narew
772:Memel
767:Łomża
740:]
621:]
530:Orlau
4474:POWs
3793:1918
3695:1917
3621:1916
3522:1915
3426:1914
3231:Siam
3034:East
2722:ISBN
2682:ISBN
2659:ISBN
2606:ISBN
2448:ISBN
2289:ISBN
2082:19th
2069:and
2056:81st
1973:the
1965:and
1906:and
1879:Lvov
1843:and
1784:and
1765:and
1702:The
1524:Army
1513:and
1466:and
1400:The
1141:1918
1054:1917
973:1916
931:Prut
710:1915
672:Łódź
599:Rawa
507:1914
82:and
67:Date
2097:,
2039:1st
1985:).
1858:AOK
1841:Bug
1560:."
1516:OHL
1510:AOK
42:of
4956::
3901:It
2680:.
2251:^
2088:).
2073:);
2062:);
2045:);
1877:,
1777:.
1446:.
1387:uk
1287:ru
1268:uk
1256:uk
1244:uk
1220:uk
1208:uk
1196:uk
1184:et
1087:de
955:lv
738:ru
619:ru
94:,
90:,
4325:/
2830:e
2823:t
2816:v
2730:.
2690:.
2667:.
2614:.
2456:.
2297:.
2156:.
2080:(
2054:(
2037:(
1856:(
1643:.
1552:-
1544:-
487:e
480:t
473:v
102:)
20:)
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