Gurkha - Knowledge

1560: 800: 406: 354: 1050: 5219: 58: 685: 1321: 591: 1704:(SFF) is an Indian paramilitary organization consisting of Tibetan refugees, Nepali Gurkhas, and other ethnic groups from mountainous areas. The SFF is tasked with conducting covert actions against China in the event of another Sino-Indian war. The SFF was originally intended to exclusively consist of Tibetan refugees living in India, however, the SFF began recruiting Nepali Gurkhas and hill tribesmen in 1965 to make up for a declining recruitment rate among Tibetans. It is believed there are around 700 Gurkhas serving in the SFF. 875: 46: 1040:(part of the British Army) was formed and adopted standard British Army rank structure and nomenclature, except for the three Viceroy Commission ranks between Warrant Officer 1 and Second Lieutenant (jemadar, subedar and subedar major) which remained, albeit with different rank titles Lieutenant (Queens Gurkha Officer), Captain (QGO) and Major (QGO). The QGO commission was abolished in 2007; Gurkha soldiers are currently commissioned as Late Entry Officers (as above). 562: 580: 1069: 5700: 700:(1914–1918) more than 200,000 Gurkhas served in the British Army, suffering approximately 20,000 casualties and receiving almost 2,000 gallantry awards. The number of Gurkha battalions was increased to 33, and Gurkha units were placed at the disposal of the British high command by the Gurkha government for service on all fronts. Many Gurkha volunteers served in non-combatant roles, serving in units such as the Army Bearer Corps and the labour battalions. 1749: 1222: 1641: 770:, led the assault during the first major operation to take a Turkish high point, and in doing so captured a feature that later became known as "Gurkha Bluff". At Sari Bair they were the only troops in the whole campaign to reach and hold the crest line and look down on the straits, which was the ultimate objective. The 2nd Battalion of the 3rd Gurkha Rifles (2nd/3rd Gurkha Rifles) fought in the conquest of 1740:(GC) medals have been awarded to Gurkha soldiers for acts of bravery. The George Cross (GC) is the highest award bestowed by the British government for non-operational gallantry or gallantry not in the presence of an enemy. In the UK honours system, the George Cross is equal in stature to the Victoria Cross. This has been the case since the introduction of the George Cross in 1940. 827:

India. In addition, five training battalions (14 GR, 29 GR, 38 GR, 56 GR and 710 GR) were raised, while other units (25 GR and 26 GR) were raised as garrison battalions for keeping the peace in India and defending rear areas. Large numbers of Gurkha men were also recruited for non-Gurkha units, and other specialized duties such as paratroops, signals, engineers and military police.

1727:(VC) awarded to soldiers of Gurkha regiments. The first was awarded in 1858 and the last in 1965. Thirteen of the recipients have been British officers serving with Gurkha regiments. Since 1915, the majority have been awarded to Gurkhas serving in the ranks as private soldiers or NCOs. Since Indian independence in 1947, Gurkhas serving in the Indian Army have been awarded three 1785:

Britain at the end of their service, reciting the Military Covenant and observing that granting them residence in Britain "would, in my judgment, be a vindication and an enhancement of this covenant". In response to the decision of the High Court, the Home Office said it would review all cases that were affected by it.

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EWHC 2261 (Admin), acknowledged the "debt of honour" to Gurkhas discharged before 1997. The Home Secretary's policy allowing veterans to apply on a limited set of criteria (such as connection to the United Kingdom) was quashed as being unduly restrictive. The Court found that the Gurkhas had suffered

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announced that all Gurkhas who signed up after 1 July 1997 would receive a pension equivalent to that of their British counterparts. In addition, Gurkhas would, for the first time, be able to transfer to another army unit after five years' service and women would also be allowed to join, although not

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and counter-terrorism force. In times of crisis it can be deployed as a reaction force. During the turbulent years before and after independence, the GC acquitted itself well on several occasions during outbreaks of civil disorder. The Gurkhas displayed the courage, self-restraint and professionalism

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Since partition, the Gurkha regiments that were transferred to the Indian Army have established themselves as a permanent and vital part of the newly independent Indian Army. Indeed, while Britain has reduced its Gurkha contingent, India has continued to recruit Gorkhas of Nepal into Gorkha regiments

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Gurkha ranks in the British Indian Army followed the same pattern as those used throughout the rest of the Indian Army at that time. As in the British Army itself, there were three distinct levels: private soldiers, non-commissioned officers, and commissioned officers. Gurkha commissioned officers in

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The treatment of Gurkhas and their families was the subject of controversy in the United Kingdom once it became widely known that Gurkhas received smaller pensions than their British counterparts. The nationality status of Gurkhas and their families was also an area of dispute, with claims that some

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To the disappointment of many of their British officers, the majority of Gurkhas given a choice between British or Indian Army service opted for the latter. The reason appears to have been the pragmatic one that the Gurkha regiments of the Indian Army would continue to serve in their existing roles

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All Gurkha veterans who retired before 1997 with at least four years' service will be allowed to settle in the UK, Home Secretary Jacqui Smith has said. Ms Smith told MPs she was 'proud to offer this country's welcome to all who have served in the brigade of Gurkhas'. It comes after a high-profile

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Despite the changes, many Gurkhas who had not served long enough to entitle them to a pension faced hardship on their return to Nepal, and some critics derided the government's decision to only award the new pension and citizenship entitlement to those joining after 1 July 1997, claiming that this

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The principal aim of the Tripartite Agreement was to ensure that Gurkhas serving under the Crown would be paid on the same scale as those serving in the new Indian Army. This was significantly lower than the standard British rates of pay. While the difference is made up through cost of living and

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British Army officers received Queen's or King's Commissions, but Gurkha officers in this system received the Viceroy's Commission. After Indian independence in 1947, Gurkha officers in regiments which became part of the British Army received the King's (later Queen's) Gurkha Commission, and were

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in the High Court in London decided that the Home Secretary's policy allowing Gurkhas who left the Army before 1997 to apply for settlement in the United Kingdom was irrationally restrictive in its criteria, and overturned it. He upheld the claim of six Gurkha soldiers for the right to settle in

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In order to achieve the increased number of battalions, third and fourth battalions were raised for all ten regiments, with fifth battalions also being raised for 1 GR, 2 GR and 9 GR. This expansion required ten training centers to be established for basic training and regimental records across

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Following the end of the war, the Gurkhas were returned to India, and during the inter-war years were largely kept away from the internal strife and urban conflicts of the sub-continent, instead being employed largely on the frontiers and in the hills where fiercely independent tribesmen were a

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normally served as platoon commanders and company 2ICs but were junior to all British officers, while the subedar major was the Commanding Officer's advisor on the men and their welfare. For a long time it was impossible for Gurkhas to progress further, except that an honorary lieutenancy or

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Although their deployment is still governed by the 1947 Tripartite Agreement, in the post-1947 conflicts India has fought in, Gorkhas have served in almost all of them, including the wars with Pakistan in 1947, 1965, 1971 and 1999 and also against China in 1962. They have also been used in

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Gordon Brown's government has suffered a shock defeat in the Commons on its policy of restricting the right of many former Gurkhas to settle in the UK. MPs voted by 267 to 246 for a Lib Dem motion offering all Gurkhas equal right of residence, with the Tories and 27 Labour rebels backing

1291:- a region where relatively few Gurkhas had previously served. The four regiments (or eight battalions) in British service were subsequently reduced to a single regiment of two battalions. The Indian units have been expanded beyond their pre-Independence establishment of 12 battalions. 78: 90: 1800:, the Liberal Democrat leader, stated that "this is an immense victory ... for the rights of Gurkhas who have been waiting so long for justice, a victory for Parliament, a victory for decency." He added that it was "the kind of thing people want this country to do". 1287:

in familiar territory and under terms and conditions that were well established. The only substantial change was the substitution of Indian officers for British. By contrast, the four regiments selected for British service faced an uncertain future, initially in

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Between 1901 and 1906, the Gurkha regiments were renumbered from the 1st to the 10th and re-designated as the Gurkha Rifles. In this time the Brigade of Gurkhas, as the regiments came to be collectively known, was expanded to 20 battalions in the ten regiments.

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Three days after the rebellion began, the Sirmoor Battalion was ordered to move to Meerut, where the British garrison was barely holding on, and in doing so they had to march up to 48 kilometres a day. Later, during the four-month Siege of Delhi, they defended

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Gurkha regiments held a "Viceroy's Commission", distinct from the King's or Queen's Commission that British officers serving with a Gurkha regiment held. Any Gurkha holding a commission was technically subordinate to any British officer, regardless of rank.

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While in principle any British subject may apply for a commission without having served in the ranks, Gurkhas cannot. It was customary for a Gurkha soldier to rise through the ranks and prove his ability before his regiment would consider offering him a

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On 9 June 2015, a celebration called the Gurkha 200, held at The Royal Hospital Chelsea and attended by members of the royal family, commemorated the bicentennial of the Gurkha Welfare Trust by paying tribute to Gurkha culture and military service.

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The equivalent ranks in the post-1947 Indian Army were (and are) known as Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs). They retained the traditional rank titles used in the British Indian Army: Jemadar (later Naib Subedar), Subedar and Subedar

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From the 1920s Gurkhas could also receive King's Indian Commissions, and later full King's or Queen's Commissions, which put them on a par with British officers. This was rare until after the Second World

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and Short Service Officers regularly fill appointments up to the rank of major. At least two Gurkhas have been promoted to lieutenant colonel and there is theoretically now no bar to further progression.

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About 5,000 men entered British service in 1815, most of whom were not just Gorkhalis, but Kumaonis, Garhwalis and other Himalayan hill men. These groups, eventually lumped together under the term

1369:. There were also a number of additional Gurkha units including the 69th and 70th Gurkha Field Squadrons, both included in the 36th Engineer Regiment. Since then, British Gurkhas have served in 1811:, daughter of Gurkha corps Major James Lumley who had highlighted the treatment of the Gurkhas and campaigned for their rights, commented, "This is the welcome we have always longed to give". 2244: 2241:"Nepal Origins of the Legendary Gurkha – Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System" 443:. Fraser's confidence in their loyalty was such that in April 1815 he proposed forming them into a battalion under Lt. Ross called the Nasiri Regiment. This regiment, which later became the 3521: 1302:(later the "Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)"), which was expected to play a major role in the new secular republic, stated that recruitment as mercenaries was degrading to the 823:(BEF) in 1940, the Nepalese government offered to increase recruitment to enlarge the number of Gurkha battalions in British service to 35. This would eventually rise to 43 battalions. 1559: 1340: 1083: 542: 462: 3384:

In August 2021, the battalion added the subtitle 'Gurkha'. Though the battalion has had Gurkhas for many years, it is now officially been subsumed into the Brigade of Gurkhas.

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in large numbers, as well as Indian Gorkhas. In 2009 the Indian Army had a Gorkha contingent that numbered around 42,000 men in 46 battalions, spread across seven regiments.

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location allowances during a Gurkha's actual period of service, the pension payable on his return to Nepal is much lower than would be the case for his British counterparts.

1972: 1283:. Six Gurkha regiments (12 battalions) were transferred to the post-independence Indian Army, while four regiments (eight battalions) were transferred to the British Army. 2823: 1298:

With the abolition of the Nepalese monarchy in 2008, the future recruitment of Gurkhas for British and Indian service was initially put into doubt. A spokesperson for the

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During this time the North-West Frontier was the scene of considerable political and civil unrest and troops stationed at Razmak, Bannu, and Wanna saw extensive action.

789:, where they were employed as garrison troops defending the frontier. They kept the peace among the local populace and engaged with the lawless and often openly hostile 271:. In fact, the Gorkhas’ impressive conquests of the Kathmandu Valley supplied the British with an exaggerated view of Nepal’s strength, ultimately helping lead to the 1003:

known as King's/Queen's Gurkha Officers (KGO/QGO). Gurkha officers had no authority to command troops of British regiments. The QGO Commission was abolished in 2007.

447:, saw action at Malaun Fort under the leadership of Lt. Lawtie, who reported to Ochterlony that he "had the greatest reason to be satisfied with their exertions". 2911: 1846:

a "historic injustice" and that the policy was irrational in failing to take into account factors such as length of service or particularly meritorious conduct.

3439:, pp. 28–30, Graduate Thesis, South Asian Studies Department, Dr. Joseph T. O'Connell, Professor Emeritus, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada. 2218: 2002: 834:

battalions, parachute, training, garrison and porter units during the war, in almost all theatres. In addition to keeping peace in India, Gurkhas fought in

1620:, was raised. In 1949 the spelling was changed from "Gurkha" to the original "Gorkha". All royal titles were dropped when India became a republic in 1950. 1458: 1167: 1161: 1155: 594:

Gurkha soldiers (1896). The centre figure wears the dark green dress uniform worn by all Gurkhas in British service, with certain regimental distinctions.

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in first-line units, conforming to the British Army's policy. The act also guaranteed residency rights in the UK for retired Gurkhas and their families.

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were among the first to recognize the potential of Gurkha soldiers. During the war the British used defectors from the Gurkha army and employed them as

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influence in the military and considered the Hindu castes more susceptible to Brahminical values. As a result, they discouraged the inclusion of

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The 2nd/5th Royal Gurkha Rifles marching through Kure soon after their arrival in Japan in May 1946 as part of the Allied forces of occupation

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announced that all Gurkha veterans who retired before 1997 with at least four years service would be allowed to settle in the UK. Actress

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was formed on 9 April 1949 from selected ex-British Army Gurkhas. It is an integral part of the police force and was raised to replace a

615: 3754: 3649: 2290: 1345: 1111: 820: 466: 3163: 3645: 3252: 3218: 1355: 1139: 1054: 3328: 862:. They did so with distinction, earning 2,734 bravery awards in the process and suffering around 32,000 casualties in all theatres. 1543:

The Brigade of Gurkhas also has its own chefs posted among the above-mentioned units. Gurkhas were among the troops who retook the

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pressed for the Sirmoor Battalion to become a rifle regiment. This honour was granted in 1858 when the battalion was renamed the

3677:– autobiography of the life and times of a British officer serving with a Gurkha regiment in India in the run up to World War II 5741: 3820: 2072: 1949: 1793: 436: 2219:"Expeditionary Forces for Post Modern Europe: Will European Military Weakness Provide an Opportunity for the New Condottieri?" 1929:

British military pay and pensions became the primary source of income for the Gurkha peoples of Nepal and north-eastern India.

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campaign by Joanna Lumley and other supporters of Gurkha rights – and an embarrassing Commons defeat for the government.

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Historically, the terms "Gurkha" and "Gorkhali" were synonymous with "Nepali", which originates from the hill principality

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armies enlisted in Nepal, United Kingdom, India and Singapore. Although they meet many of the criteria of Article 47 of

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as a result of border disputes and ambitious expansionism of both belligerents. The war ended with the signing of the

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in 1915, the Gurkhas were among the first to arrive and the last to leave. The 1st/6th Gurkhas, having landed at

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Paragraph 72, Limbu & Ors, R (on the application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department & Ors

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48th Gurkha Infantry Brigade (Hong Kong, 1957–1976; renamed Gurkha Field Force 1976–1997; returned to old title

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A large number also served in combat in France, Turkey, Palestine, and Iraq. They served on the battlefields of

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peacekeeping operations around the world. They have also served in Sri Lanka conducting operations against the

1519: 947: 666: 619: 405: 5665: 4483: 4401: 4343: 3793: 2598: 2346: 1187: 3088: 353: 5731: 4271: 3767: 1688:. The Brunei Reserve Unit employs about 500 Gurkhas. The majority are veterans of the British Army and the 1272: 4147: 3138: 2623:, p. xvii. Gurkha casualties in the Second World War were 8,985 killed or missing and 23,655 wounded. 5726: 5380: 5001: 4667: 4649: 4433: 4428: 4165: 3298: 627: 538: 226:, for UN peacekeeping forces and in war zones around the world. Gurkhas are closely associated with the 5736: 5033: 5026: 4822: 4763: 4644: 4513: 4411: 4200: 3813: 422: 390: 109: 5385: 4169: 4017: 2680: 1764:

ex-army Nepali families were being denied residency and forced to leave Britain. On 8 March 2007 the

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in 1919. The regiments then participated in numerous campaigns on the North-West Frontier, mainly in

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left many ex-Gurkha servicemen still facing a financially uncertain retirement. An advocacy group,

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once stated that: "If a man says he is not afraid of dying, he is either lying or he is a Gurkha."

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Viceroy Commissioned Officers (VCOs) up to 1947 and Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) from 1947:

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A trooper of the Gurkha Contingent of the Singapore Police Force gives directions to a civilian.

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Land of the Gurkhas; or, the Himalayan Kingdom of Nepal, p. 44, by W.B. Northy (London, 1937)

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visit, to celebrate the success of their joint campaign for the right to live in the UK, 2009

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by 267 votes to 246. This was the only first-day motion defeat for a government since 1978.

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and would be banned. However, as of 2023, Gurkha recruitment for foreign service continues.

5494: 5369: 5110: 5021: 4996: 4629: 4076: 4002: 3997: 3160: 2373:. Vol. 42 of Shire Discovering (5, illustrated ed.). Osprey Publishing. pp. 1815: 1413: 1366: 1058: 965: 550: 531: 481: 367: 260: 3244: 3210: 8: 5685: 5670: 5447: 5365: 5239: 4946: 4733: 3320: 1685: 1681: 1254: 859: 744: 689: 496: 219: 180: 70: 62: 2314:

Martial races: the military, race and masculinity in British imperial culture, 1857–1914

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Rose, Leo E. Nepal: Strategy for Survival. 1st ed. University of California Press, 1971.

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Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z

1865: 1765: 1315: 1276: 1183: 1173: 1145: 1037: 816: 763: 752: 740: 712: 440: 410: 382: 335: 272: 232:, a forward-curving knife, and have a reputation for fearless military prowess. Former 3748: 1577:

Upon independence in 1947, six of the original ten Gurkha regiments remained with the

515:'s house, losing 327 of 490 men. During this action they fought side by side with the 5761: 5660: 5465: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5234: 4991: 4865: 4845: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4384: 4366: 4283: 4116: 4103: 4082: 4067: 4044: 4024: 3788: 3729: 3715: 3702: 3660: 3624: 3544: 3510: 3496: 3478: 3462: 3447: 3422: 3403: 2578: 2378: 2321: 2191: 1918: 1875: 1860: 1855: 1649: 1133: 1127: 1117: 1107: 590: 527: 500: 211: 2064: 1941: 1667:

The GC is a well trained, dedicated and disciplined body whose principal role is as

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Gurkhas served as troops under contract to the British East India Company in the

363: 292: 284: 175: 170: 2887: 1829:, Hampshire, which contains the Fleet war memorial, is named after the Gurkhas. 874: 5336: 5208: 5079: 4961: 4915: 4870: 4850: 4800: 4753: 4738: 4654: 3992: 3969: 3889: 3874: 1724: 1537: 1177: 978: 851: 790: 708: 546: 512: 426: 358: 264: 252: 101: 97: 50: 33: 3694: 2298: 1818:, provides aid to alleviate hardship and distress among Gurkha ex-servicemen. 1336:

Four Gurkha regiments were transferred to the British Army on 1 January 1948:

465:. An additional battalion—the Kumaon—was also raised, eventually becoming the 45: 5720: 5618: 5504: 5260: 5198: 5173: 4925: 4890: 4758: 4325: 4218: 4213: 4029: 3974: 3959: 3568:. 3 Volumes. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi. Reprinted 1994. 3130: 1843:

R. (on the application of Limbu) v Secretary of State for the Home Department

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signed between the governments of the United Kingdom, India and Nepal after

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for which they are famous and earned the respect of the society at large.

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for Gorkha units. They also exerted diplomatic pressure on Prime Minister

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Pemble, John (2009). "Forgetting and Remembering Britain's Gurkha War".

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Twelve regiments from the Nepalese Army also took part in the relief of

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that all Gurkhas be offered equal right of residence was passed in the

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awards were made to men from that regiment during the Siege of Delhi.

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Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: Men and Women in the World's Cultures

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groups in the Gorkha units and refused to recruit tribes other than

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Osprey Military Elite Series #49 The Gurkhas by Mike Chappell 1993

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As such, between the World Wars the Gurkha regiments fought in the

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unit that had existed prior to the Japanese occupation during the

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Soldiers from 1st Battalion, The Royal Gurkha Rifles on patrol in

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The Gurkhas: The Inside Story of the World's Most Feared Soldiers

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MC: Inscription on a monument to Gurkha soldiers (unveiled 1997,

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captaincy was (very rarely) bestowed upon a Gurkha on retirement.

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From the end of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 until the start of

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A total of 250,280 Gurkhas served in 40 battalions, plus eight

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Twenty-Six Victoria Crosses have been won by Gurkha Regiments

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Contains a historiographical analysis of the Gurkha "legend".

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Gurkhas at War: Eyewitness Accounts from World War II to Iraq

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being presented a Gurkha Hat by a Gurkha veteran during his

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2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles)

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2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles)

495:, Gurkhas fought on the British side and became part of the 136: 4905: 1719:

List of Brigade of Gurkhas recipients of the Victoria Cross

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1st King George V's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Malaun Regiment)

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1st King George V's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Malaun Regiment)

732: 728: 654: 198:, Nepali-speaking Indian people, and are recruited for the 142: 4956: 3763:

Gurkha kukri Knife: The traditional lethal Gurkha weapon.

3271: 3009: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2767: 2543: 2482: 2439: 2437: 2435: 1547:

in 1982 and have served a number of tours of duty in the

1101: 1089: 1077: 444: 151: 133: 3029:"Brigade of Gurkhas; Honours and Awards: Victoria Cross" 2973: 2971: 2757: 2755: 2730: 2728: 2408: 1124:

in 1959 (raised 1902, allocated to British Army in 1948)

1114:

in 1959 (raised 1817, allocated to British Army in 1948)

503:

made a notable contribution during the conflict, and 25

2912:"British Gurkhas shot dead in Afghanistan attack named" 2398: 2396: 2394: 2334: 1194: 2991:"Special Frontier Force: Invaluable yet Inconspicuous" 2927: 2876:"Back to the Afghan Future: The return of the Gurkhas" 2432: 866:

Gurkha military rank system in the British Indian Army

457:

As well as Ochterlony's Gurkha battalions, Fraser and

112:; one of the most highly decorated Gorkhali commanders 3111: 2968: 2956: 2944: 2803: 2791: 2779: 2752: 2740: 2725: 2506: 2494: 2449: 556: 469:. None of these units fought in the second campaign. 417:

The Anglo-Nepalese War was fought between the Gurkha

139: 2461: 2420: 2391: 2271: 2259: 1973:"Thapa to take charge of Nepali Army as acting CoAS" 1459:

Gurkha Allied Rapid Reaction Corps Support Battalion

883:

Rank equivalents in modern Indian and British Armies

1216: 1148:(1918–1922; raised again by India – 370:, (1743–1775) consulting with his first Army Chief 148: 130: 2910: 1045:Regiments of the Gurkha Rifles (c. 1815–1947) 461:raised the Sirmoor Battalion, later to become the 400: 5344: 3578:Austin, Ian and Thakur Nahar Singh Jasol. (eds.) 3540:Nepal: Refugee to Ruler: A Militant Race of Nepal 3507:Jung Bahadur Rana-The Story of His Rise and Glory 3400:Afghan Wars and the North-West Frontier 1839–1947 1152: – following independence in 1947) 669:to ensure that at least 75% of new recruits were 5718: 3616:. Maharana Mewar Charitable Foundation, Udaipur. 3564:Tod, James & Crooke, William (eds.) (1920). 3522:"The Battle for Parity: Victory for the Gurkhas" 3153: 1695: 1419:51st Infantry Brigade (Hong Kong disbanded 1976) 1142:(raised 1890, allocated to British Army in 1948) 1086:(raised 1815, allocated to British Army in 1948) 454:, became the backbone of British Indian forces. 5278: 2659:Source: Cross & Gurung 2002, pp. 33–34 1777:, joined the debate in support of the Gurkhas. 3123: 1733:, which are equivalent to the Victoria Cross. 1692:, who have joined the GRU as a second career. 1635: 1481:248 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 22 Signal Regiment 1478:247 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 16 Signal Regiment 1469:250 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 30 Signal Regiment 5111: 3814: 2845:"Bravery medal for Gurkha who fought Taliban" 1675: 1433:in the British Army has the following units: 602:, the Gurkha Regiments saw active service in 3614:The Trials and Triumphs of the Mewar Kingdom 1788:On 29 April 2009 a motion introduced by the 1712: 526:under the command of Shri Teen (3) Maharaja 194:The Gurkha units are composed of Nepali and 5376:10 Queen's Own Gurkha Logistic Regiment RLC 4934: 3637:. Himnashu Publications, Udaipur-New Delhi. 3587:Mewar – The World's Longest Serving Dynasty 1780:In a landmark ruling on 30 September 2008, 1493:10 Queen's Own Gurkha Logistic Regiment RLC 850:and against the Japanese in the jungles of 565:The Nusseree Battalion, later known as the 5118: 5104: 3821: 3807: 3789:Land of Gurkhas, a video footage from 1957 3457:Ember, Carol & Ember, Melvin. (2003). 3435:Chauhan, Dr. Sumerendra Vir Singh (1996). 2874:Kaphle, Anup; Wood, Graeme (10 May 2010). 2873: 2646: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2536: 2534: 2092: 2090: 1902: 1744:Treatment of Gurkhas in the United Kingdom 1515:Gurkha Staff and Personnel Support Company 1497:Queen's Gurkha Engineers, which includes: 1410:26th Gurkha Brigade (Hong Kong, 1948–1950) 3592: 3493:Gorkhas Imagined: I.B. Rai in Translation 3442:Cross, J.P & Buddhiman Gurung (2002) 2671: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2181: 1567:take position during a training exercise. 1563:The soldiers of 5th Gurkha Rifles of the 1351:7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles 1122:7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles 299:i.e., 'Protector (रक्षा) of cows (गो')), 275:. The name may be traced to the medieval 5245:Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement 3519: 3505:Purushottam Sham Shere J B Rana (1998). 3416: 3397: 2938: 2525: 2455: 2371:Discovering London Statues and Monuments 2352: 1747: 1639: 1601:5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) 1558: 1405:43rd Independent Gurkha Infantry Brigade 1381:and on various peacekeeping missions in 1319: 1220: 1102:5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) 1067: 1048: 873: 798: 683: 589: 578: 560: 404: 352: 88: 76: 56: 44: 3640:Griffiths, Neil. Gurkha Walking books: 3589:. Roli Books, Delhi/The House of Mewar. 3491:Poddar, Prem and Anmole Prasad (2009). 3237: 3203: 3173: 2703:"The Gurkhas - Britain's oldest allies" 2635: 2555: 2531: 2316:. Manchester University Press. p. 2311: 2087: 1908: 1596:4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles 1591:3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles 1346:6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles 1309: 1112:6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles 1096:4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles 1090:3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles 467:3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles 463:2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles 318:There are Gurkha military units in the 14: 5719: 3680: 3472: 3331:from the original on 13 September 2018 3277: 3117: 3015: 2997:from the original on 24 September 2021 2977: 2962: 2950: 2908: 2809: 2797: 2785: 2773: 2761: 2746: 2734: 2662: 2620: 2549: 2512: 2500: 2488: 2467: 2443: 2426: 2340: 2277: 2265: 2247:from the original on 27 September 2013 2216: 2167: 1970: 1554: 1356:10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles 1212:710th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1140:10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles 1055:10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles 1029:Gurkha officers commissioned from the 530:of Nepal and his older brother C-in-C 311:means 'protector' and is derived from 5099: 3802: 3794:British, Indian, France Army training 3758:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. 3536: 3221:from the original on 26 February 2021 3035:. Ministry of Defence. Archived from 2923:from the original on 11 January 2022. 2855:from the original on 5 September 2018 2713:from the original on 19 December 2007 2414: 2402: 2368: 2045:from the original on 29 February 2020 1209:56th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1206:38th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1203:29th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1200:14th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 645:castes in the army. They discouraged 545:and awarded a third colour. In 1863, 361:and founder of modern Gorkhali Force 174: 85:, the signature weapon of the Gurkhas 27:Indian and Nepalese national soldiers 3255:from the original on 31 October 2021 2601:from the original on 13 January 2007 2198:from the original on 9 February 2021 2168:Kinsey, Christopher (26 June 2008). 1832: 1195:Second World War training battalions 1190:, renamed 8th Gurkha Rifles in 1903) 1180:, renamed 6th Gurkha Rifles in 1903) 3778:The Tripartite Agreement (TPA) 1947 3566:Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan 3361:from the original on 2 October 2008 3245:"Gurkhas win right to settle in UK" 2677:"115 Infantry Brigade Subordanates" 2291:"History of the Brigade of Gurkhas" 1841:decision on a test case in London, 445:1st King George's Own Gurkha Rifles 24: 3828: 3572: 3211:"Brown defeated over Gurkha rules" 3191:from the original on 1 August 2020 3129: 1616:Additionally, a further regiment, 557:British Indian Army (c. 1857–1947) 488:Anglo-Sikh Wars in 1846 and 1848. 61:Monument to the Gurkha Soldier in 25: 5773: 5125: 3740: 3712:With The Gurkhas in the Falklands 3595:"Gurkha tells of citizenship joy" 3437:The Way of Sacrifice: The Rajputs 3351:"Gurkhas win right to stay in UK" 3181:"Gurkhas win right to stay in UK" 3141:from the original on 23 July 2013 3099:from the original on 23 June 2017 2679:. Order of Battle. Archived from 2075:from the original on 6 March 2019 1983:from the original on 7 April 2022 1952:from the original on 6 March 2019 1486:3rd (UK) Division Signal Regiment 1300:Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) 5699: 5698: 5217: 3301:from the original on 30 May 2015 2223:Conflict Studies Research Centre 2015:from the original on 30 May 2021 1526:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst 1365:and were initially stationed in 1217:Post-independence (1947–present) 1031:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst 586:'s house shortly after the siege 549:presented the regiment with the 342:, they are exempt under clauses 263:, who was the last ruler of the 126: 3768:About Gurkhas and Gurkha Knives 3633:Goswami, C.G. and M.N. Mathur. 3543:. APH Publishing. p. 125. 3378: 3343: 3313: 3283: 3081: 3051: 3021: 2983: 2909:Farmer, Ben (31 October 2012). 2902: 2867: 2837: 2815: 2695: 2653: 2650:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 34. 2632:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 33. 2626: 2613: 2571: 2568:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 32. 2540:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 31. 2518: 2473: 2362: 2305: 2283: 2233: 2210: 2161: 2140: 2110:from the original on 6 May 2019 401:British East India Company army 287:. The word itself derived from 5391:Band of the Brigade of Gurkhas 3520:Sengupta, Kim (9 March 2007). 2217:Wither, James (January 2005). 2131: 2122: 2057: 2027: 1995: 1964: 1934: 1909:Minahan, James (30 May 2002). 1803:On 21 May 2009 Home Secretary 1520:Band of the Brigade of Gurkhas 1235:most generous of the generous, 948:Company Quartermaster Havildar 667:Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana 622:), Cyprus, Malaya, China (the 273:Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) 179:), are soldiers native to the 13: 1: 5742:British Indian Army personnel 5666:Order of Gorkha Dakshina Bahu 3780:, British Ministry of Defence 3391: 1696:Indian Special Frontier Force 1188:16th (Sylhet) Local Battalion 751:. One detachment served with 570: 519:and a strong bond developed. 501:8th (Sirmoor) Local Battalion 283:who has a historic shrine in 4272:Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal 4122:Back to the Village campaign 4093:Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923 3477:. Headline Book Publishing. 3170:(Admin) (30 September 2008). 2824:August 2021 Soldier Magazine 2225:. p. 11. Archived from 1506:70th Gurkha Field Squadron, 1500:69th Gurkha Field Squadron, 1484:249 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 1472:246 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 778:constant source of trouble. 639:British authorities in India 435:and British political agent 49:Nepali soldiers; drawing by 7: 4650:South Asian Free Trade Area 3537:Singh, Nagendra Kr (1997). 3137:. Gurkha Justice Campaign. 2834:. Retrieved 13 August 2021. 1849: 1636:Singapore Gurkha Contingent 1536:Gurkha Company (Tavoleto), 821:British Expeditionary Force 409:Gurkha soldiers during the 10: 5778: 4764:Nepal Academy of Fine Arts 3398:Barthorp, Michael (2002). 1716: 1676:Brunei Gurkha Reserve Unit 1570: 1524:Gurkha Company (Sittang), 1313: 692:, North-West Frontier 1923 620:Russo-Turkish War, 1877–78 423:British East India Company 246: 183:, chiefly residing within 110:Chief of the Gorkhali Army 31: 5694: 5653: 5637: 5607: 5587: 5569: 5551: 5518: 5485: 5478: 5456: 5438: 5399: 5353: 5335: 5269: 5253: 5227: 5215: 5136: 5050: 4984: 4821: 4704: 4695: 4625: 4616: 4537: 4504: 4392: 4383: 4342: 4295: 4249: 4199: 4195: 4186: 4130: 4101: 4053: 3983: 3943: 3906: 3888: 3865: 3849: 3840: 3695:10.1080/03068370903195154 3593:BBC staff (2 June 2007). 3135:"Gurkha Justice Campaign" 2312:Streets, Heather (2004). 1713:Victoria Cross recipients 1400:Major Gurkha Formations: 942:Non-commissioned officers 923:Regimental Havildar Major 807:in Tunisia, 16 March 1943 805:six-pounder anti-tank gun 803:Gurkhas in action with a 743:against Turkish advance, 628:Younghusband's Expedition 296: 267:and first monarch of the 5629:The Gurkha Welfare Trust 5381:Queen's Gurkha Engineers 3657:Burma: The Forgotten War 3612:Davenport, Hugh (1975). 3528:. London. Archived from 3321:"The Brigade of Gurkhas" 2369:Baker, Margaret (2008). 1971:Sureis (9 August 2018). 1896: 1871:The Gurkha Welfare Trust 1816:The Gurkha Welfare Trust 1707: 1581:. These regiments were: 1573:Gorkha regiments (India) 1530:Gurkha Wing (Mandalay), 762:During the unsuccessful 759:, "found its Valhalla". 641:feared the inclusion of 635:Indian Rebellion of 1857 537:After the rebellion the 493:Indian Rebellion of 1857 5615:Gurkha Justice Campaign 5235:East India Company Army 4422:Chief of the Army Staff 3880:Maya (mother of Buddha) 3755:Encyclopædia Britannica 3659:, London: John Murray. 3619:Farwell, Byron (1985). 3417:Chappell, Mike (1993). 3166:17 October 2019 at the 2174:Cultures & Conflits 2152:17 October 2011 at the 1775:Gurkha Justice Campaign 1453:The Royal Gurkha Rifles 1446:The Royal Gurkha Rifles 1439:The Royal Gurkha Rifles 1429:As of August 2021, the 1377:with Indonesia, in the 936:Warrant Officer Class 2 927:Warrant Officer Class 1 106:Vamshidhar "Kalu" Pande 38:Gurkha (disambiguation) 5752:British Army personnel 5386:Queen's Gurkha Signals 4749:International rankings 3724:Tucci, Sandro (1985). 3623:W.W. Norton & Co. 3580:The Mewar Encyclopedia 2183:10.4000/conflits.11502 2147:asianhistory.about.com 2098:"Who are the Gurkhas?" 1886:Ethnic groups in Nepal 1760: 1702:Special Frontier Force 1654:Singapore Police Force 1645: 1568: 1532:Infantry Battle School 1464:Queen's Gurkha Signals 1333: 1264: 1251: 1073: 1065: 932:Company Havildar Major 879: 808: 693: 595: 587: 576: 543:Sirmoor Rifle Regiment 499:on its formation. The 414: 378: 375:Shivaram Singh Basnyat 113: 86: 74: 54: 36:. For other uses, see 5361:British Gurkhas Nepal 4434:Provincial assemblies 4131:Multi-party democracy 3655:Latimer, Jon (2004). 3473:Parker, John (2005). 3357:. 30 September 2008. 3187:. 30 September 2008. 2829:2 August 2021 at the 2035:"» About the Gurkhas" 1751: 1643: 1562: 1323: 1243:more faithful friends 1231:Bravest of the brave, 1227: 1224: 1071: 1052: 877: 802: 687: 618:of India, Malta (the 593: 582: 564: 505:Indian Order of Merit 408: 356: 348:French Foreign Legion 92: 80: 60: 48: 5495:Prithvi Narayan Shah 4529:Rural Municipalities 4484:Council of Ministers 4402:Constituent Assembly 4077:Treaty of Thapathali 3998:Prithvi Narayan Shah 3710:Seear, Mike (2002). 3585:Austin, Ian (1999). 2993:. 17 November 2020. 2886:(32). Archived from 2524:For more detail see 2069:Gurkha Welfare Trust 1508:36 Engineer Regiment 1502:36 Engineer Regiment 1414:17th Gurkha Division 1310:British Army Gurkhas 1269:Tripartite Agreement 1186:(raised 1824 as the 1176:(raised 1817 as the 1059:Winchester Cathedral 626:of 1900) and Tibet ( 532:Ranodip Singh Kunwar 368:Prithvi Narayan Shah 261:Prithvi Narayan Shah 5732:Royal Gurkha Rifles 5686:Gorkha Municipality 5671:Gorkhaland movement 5448:Gurkha Reserve Unit 5366:Royal Gurkha Rifles 5240:British Indian Army 3646:'Gurkha Highlander' 3495:. Mukti Prakashan. 3446:. Greenhill Books. 3280:, pp. 379–383. 3018:, pp. 391–393. 2917:The Daily Telegraph 2880:The Weekly Standard 2776:, pp. 322–323. 2709:. 4 December 1997. 2683:on 25 February 2012 2552:, pp. 157–158. 2491:, pp. 117–118. 2417:, pp. 220–221. 2229:on 21 October 2007. 2157:Who are the Gorkha? 1977:The Himalayan Times 1723:There have been 26 1686:Sultanate of Brunei 1682:Gurkha Reserve Unit 1555:Indian Army Gurkhas 1538:Land Warfare Centre 1416:(Malaya, 1952–1970) 1407:(Italy, circa 1943) 1273:Indian independence 1255:Ralph Lilley Turner 1226:THE GURKHA SOLDIER 1072:Princess Mary's Own 690:Royal Gurkha Rifles 616:North-West Frontier 497:British Indian Army 459:Lt. Frederick Young 381:During the 1814–16 279:warrior-saint Guru 220:Gurkha Reserve Unit 181:Indian subcontinent 71:City of Westminster 67:Ministry of Defence 63:Horse Guards Avenue 5727:Brigade of Gurkhas 5520:Anglo-Nepalese war 5422:10th Gurkha Rifles 5346:Brigade of Gurkhas 5323:11th Gorkha Rifles 5002:Capital punishment 4668:Telecommunications 4284:Siliguri Corridor 4164:2015 earthquake - 3675:Bugles and a Tiger 3325:www.fleethants.com 3063:Pride of India.net 3059:"Param Vir Chakra" 3039:on 5 February 2009 2295:Brigade of Gurkhas 2065:"Who Are Gurkhas?" 2003:"Number of Gurkha" 1942:"Who are Gurkhas?" 1866:Anglo-Nepalese War 1766:British Government 1761: 1690:Singaporean Police 1646: 1569: 1549:War in Afghanistan 1431:Brigade of Gurkhas 1363:Brigade of Gurkhas 1334: 1316:Brigade of Gurkhas 1277:partition of India 1265: 1184:44th Gurkha Rifles 1174:42nd Gurkha Rifles 1168:29th Gurkha Rifles 1162:26th Gurkha Rifles 1156:25th Gurkha Rifles 1146:11th Gurkha Rifles 1074: 1066: 1038:Brigade of Gurkhas 880: 817:Dunkirk evacuation 809: 764:Gallipoli Campaign 753:Lawrence of Arabia 707:in the battles of 694: 596: 588: 577: 415: 411:Anglo-Nepalese War 391:East India Company 383:Anglo-Nepalese War 379: 336:Geneva Conventions 187:and some parts of 176:[ɡorkʰali] 114: 87: 75: 55: 5737:Military of Nepal 5714: 5713: 5661:The Gurkha Museum 5603: 5602: 5474: 5473: 5466:Gurkha Contingent 5434: 5433: 5430: 5429: 5417:7th Gurkha Rifles 5412:6th Gurkha Rifles 5407:2nd Gurkha Rifles 5370:Queen's Truncheon 5331: 5330: 5318:9th Gorkha Rifles 5313:8th Gorkha Rifles 5308:5th Gorkha Rifles 5298:4th Gorkha Rifles 5293:3rd Gorkha Rifles 5288:1st Gorkha Rifles 5093: 5092: 5046: 5045: 5042: 5041: 5034:Human trafficking 4980: 4979: 4691: 4690: 4612: 4611: 4608: 4607: 4441:Political parties 4412:Foreign relations 4379: 4378: 4375: 4374: 4182: 4181: 4178: 4177: 4083:Lamjang and Kaski 4068:Jung Bahadur Rana 4045:Treaty of Sugauli 3939: 3938: 3720:978-0-9556237-0-7 3665:978-0-7195-6576-2 3642:'Hebridean Gurkha 3635:Mewar and Udaipur 3501:978-81-909354-0-1 3484:978-0-7553-1415-7 3452:978-1-85367-727-4 3428:978-1-85532-357-5 3217:. 29 April 2009. 2384:978-0-7478-0495-6 2343:, pp. 62–63. 1924:978-0-313-07696-1 1876:The Gurkha Museum 1856:Military of Nepal 1833:Settlement rights 1825:Gurkha Square in 1790:Liberal Democrats 1730:Param Vir Chakras 1650:Gurkha Contingent 1611:9th Gurkha Rifles 1606:8th Gurkha Rifles 1474:2 Signal Regiment 1262: 1239:never had country 1134:9th Gurkha Rifles 1128:8th Gurkha Rifles 1118:7th Gurkha Rifles 1108:6th Gurkha Rifles 723:at the battle of 567:1st Gurkha Rifles 551:Queen's Truncheon 528:Jung Bahadur Rana 480:in 1826, and the 427:Treaty of Sugauli 346:, similar to the 255:, from which the 212:Gurkha Contingent 16:(Redirected from 5769: 5702: 5701: 5543:Balbhadra Kunwar 5538:Ujir Singh Thapa 5528:Amar Singh Thapa 5487:Kingdom of Nepal 5483: 5482: 5351: 5350: 5342: 5341: 5280:Gorkha regiments 5276: 5275: 5251: 5250: 5221: 5120: 5113: 5106: 5097: 5096: 5073: 5066: 5059: 4932: 4931: 4819: 4818: 4702: 4701: 4658: 4623: 4622: 4585: 4502: 4501: 4477: 4390: 4389: 4329: 4321: 4313: 4287: 4286:(Chicken's Neck) 4262:Kathmandu Valley 4197: 4196: 4193: 4192: 4148:2005 coup d'état 4117:Panchayat system 4040:Balbhadra Kunwar 4013:Kingdom of Nepal 3981: 3980: 3863: 3862: 3847: 3846: 3823: 3816: 3809: 3800: 3799: 3759: 3751: 3706: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3561: 3559: 3557: 3533: 3532:on 24 July 2009. 3488: 3432: 3413: 3385: 3382: 3371: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3347: 3341: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3287: 3281: 3275: 3269: 3268: 3262: 3260: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3228: 3226: 3207: 3201: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3177: 3171: 3157: 3151: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3127: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3085: 3079: 3078: 3076: 3074: 3065:. 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Archived from 2287: 2281: 2275: 2269: 2263: 2257: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2237: 2231: 2230: 2214: 2208: 2207: 2205: 2203: 2185: 2165: 2159: 2144: 2138: 2135: 2129: 2126: 2120: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2106:. 27 July 2010. 2094: 2085: 2084: 2082: 2080: 2061: 2055: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2031: 2025: 2024: 2022: 2020: 2014: 2007: 1999: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1938: 1932: 1931: 1906: 1881:History of Nepal 1794:House of Commons 1782:Mr Justice Blake 1725:Victoria Crosses 1662:Second World War 1618:11 Gorkha Rifles 1466:which includes: 1425: 1361:They formed the 1326:Helmand Province 1252: 1150:11 Gorkha Rifles 1036:After 1948, the 985:Private soldiers 917:Warrant officers 791:Pathan tribesmen 783:Third Afghan War 575: 572: 441:irregular forces 433:David Ochterlony 419:Kingdom of Nepal 298: 269:Kingdom of Nepal 257:Kingdom of Nepal 178: 161: 160: 157: 156: 153: 150: 145: 144: 141: 138: 135: 132: 21: 5777: 5776: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5768: 5767: 5766: 5757:Colonial troops 5717: 5716: 5715: 5710: 5690: 5681:Gorkha Airlines 5649: 5633: 5599: 5595:Bishnu Shrestha 5583: 5565: 5547: 5514: 5470: 5452: 5426: 5395: 5327: 5265: 5249: 5223: 5222: 5213: 5179:Nepali language 5132: 5124: 5094: 5089: 5076: 5069: 5062: 5055: 5038: 4976: 4930: 4876:Maghe Sankranti 4817: 4781:Public holidays 4744:Gurkhas/Gorkhas 4687: 4656: 4604: 4583: 4533: 4500: 4475: 4371: 4362:Protected areas 4338: 4327: 4319: 4311: 4291: 4285: 4279:Tibetan Plateau 4257:Cities of Nepal 4245: 4174: 4158:Jana Andolan II 4126: 4112:1951 revolution 4097: 4049: 4035:Anglo-Nepal War 3985:Early Shah rule 3979: 3947: 3945: 3935: 3908:Lichchhavi rule 3902: 3884: 3867:Shakya Republic 3861: 3836: 3827: 3746: 3743: 3728:. H. Hamilton. 3650:'Gurkha Reiver' 3603: 3601: 3575: 3573:Further reading 3555: 3553: 3551: 3526:The Independent 3485: 3429: 3410: 3394: 3389: 3388: 3383: 3379: 3374: 3364: 3362: 3349: 3348: 3344: 3334: 3332: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3304: 3302: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3276: 3272: 3258: 3256: 3251:. 21 May 2009. 3243: 3242: 3238: 3224: 3222: 3209: 3208: 3204: 3194: 3192: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3168:Wayback Machine 3158: 3154: 3144: 3142: 3128: 3124: 3116: 3112: 3102: 3100: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3072: 3070: 3057: 3056: 3052: 3042: 3040: 3027: 3026: 3022: 3014: 3010: 3000: 2998: 2989: 2988: 2984: 2976: 2969: 2961: 2957: 2949: 2945: 2937: 2928: 2907: 2903: 2893: 2891: 2872: 2868: 2858: 2856: 2851:. 1 June 2011. 2843: 2842: 2838: 2831:Wayback Machine 2820: 2816: 2808: 2804: 2796: 2792: 2784: 2780: 2772: 2768: 2760: 2753: 2745: 2741: 2733: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2686: 2684: 2675: 2674: 2663: 2658: 2654: 2649: 2636: 2631: 2627: 2618: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2576: 2572: 2567: 2556: 2548: 2544: 2539: 2532: 2523: 2519: 2511: 2507: 2499: 2495: 2487: 2483: 2478: 2474: 2466: 2462: 2454: 2450: 2446:, p. xvii. 2442: 2433: 2425: 2421: 2413: 2409: 2401: 2392: 2385: 2367: 2363: 2351: 2347: 2339: 2335: 2328: 2310: 2306: 2289: 2288: 2284: 2276: 2272: 2264: 2260: 2250: 2248: 2243:. 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5708: 5695: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5657: 5655: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5647: 5645:Victoria Cross 5641: 5639: 5635: 5634: 5632: 5631: 5626: 5611: 5609: 5605: 5604: 5601: 5600: 5598: 5597: 5591: 5589: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5581: 5575: 5573: 5567: 5566: 5564: 5563: 5557: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5524: 5522: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5491: 5489: 5480: 5476: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5468: 5462: 5460: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5450: 5444: 5442: 5436: 5435: 5432: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5403: 5401: 5397: 5396: 5394: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5363: 5357: 5355: 5348: 5339: 5337:United Kingdom 5333: 5332: 5329: 5328: 5326: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5295: 5290: 5284: 5282: 5273: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5257: 5255: 5248: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5231: 5229: 5225: 5224: 5216: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5209:Burmese Gorkha 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5140: 5138: 5134: 5133: 5123: 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Minister 4467: 4466: 4465: 4463:Vice President 4455: 4453:Heads of state 4450: 4449: 4448: 4438: 4437: 4436: 4426: 4425: 4424: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4377: 4376: 4373: 4372: 4370: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4352:Climate change 4348: 4346: 4340: 4339: 4337: 4336: 4331: 4323: 4315: 4307: 4301: 4299: 4293: 4292: 4290: 4289: 4281: 4276: 4275: 4274: 4264: 4259: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4246: 4244: 4243: 4242: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4205: 4203: 4190: 4184: 4183: 4180: 4179: 4176: 4175: 4173: 4172: 4162: 4161: 4160: 4150: 4145: 4143:Royal massacre 4140: 4138:Jana Andolan I 4134: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4125: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4108: 4106: 4102:Post-Rana and 4099: 4098: 4096: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4070: 4065: 4059: 4057: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4025:Sino-Nepal War 4022: 4021: 4020: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3993:Gorkha Kingdom 3989: 3987: 3978: 3977: 3972: 3970:Chaubisi Rajya 3967: 3962: 3957: 3951: 3949: 3941: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3933: 3928: 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2737:, p. 224. 2724: 2694: 2661: 2652: 2634: 2625: 2612: 2586: 2570: 2554: 2542: 2530: 2517: 2515:, p. 150. 2505: 2503:, p. 121. 2493: 2481: 2479:Sengupta 2007. 2472: 2460: 2448: 2431: 2419: 2407: 2405:, p. 221. 2390: 2383: 2361: 2345: 2333: 2326: 2304: 2282: 2270: 2258: 2232: 2209: 2160: 2139: 2130: 2121: 2086: 2056: 2039:www.gwt.org.uk 2026: 1994: 1963: 1946:www.gwt.org.uk 1933: 1923: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1851: 1848: 1834: 1831: 1745: 1742: 1717:Main article: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1697: 1694: 1677: 1674: 1637: 1634: 1614: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1571:Main article: 1556: 1553: 1541: 1540: 1534: 1528: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1504: 1495: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1470: 1461: 1456: 1449: 1442: 1427: 1426: 1420: 1417: 1411: 1408: 1359: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1314:Main article: 1311: 1308: 1253:Professor Sir 1228: 1225: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1196: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1181: 1178:Cuttack Legion 1171: 1165: 1159: 1153: 1143: 1137: 1131: 1125: 1115: 1105: 1099: 1093: 1087: 1081: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1041: 1034: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1004: 994: 993: 982: 981: 979:Lance Corporal 972: 963: 954: 939: 938: 929: 914: 913: 903: 902:/no equivalent 897: 896:/no equivalent 884: 881: 867: 864: 717:Neuve Chapelle 558: 555: 547:Queen Victoria 437:William Fraser 402: 399: 387:Gorkha Kingdom 359:Gorkha Kingdom 265:Gorkha Kingdom 253:Gorkha Kingdom 248: 245: 206:(42,000), the 202:(96,000), the 102:Gorkha Kingdom 98:Prime Minister 65:, outside the 51:Gustave Le Bon 34:Gorkha Kingdom 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5774: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5707: 5706: 5697: 5696: 5693: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5658: 5656: 5652: 5646: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5636: 5630: 5627: 5624: 5620: 5619:Joanna Lumley 5616: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5606: 5596: 5593: 5592: 5590: 5586: 5580: 5577: 5576: 5574: 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Everest 4212: 4211: 4210: 4207: 4206: 4204: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4185: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4135: 4133: 4129: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4109: 4107: 4105: 4100: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4052: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4030:Bhimsen Thapa 4028: 4026: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4015: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3982: 3976: 3975:Newa kingdoms 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3960:Khasa kingdom 3958: 3956: 3953: 3952: 3950: 3942: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3905: 3899: 3896: 3895: 3893: 3891: 3887: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3864: 3858: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3824: 3819: 3817: 3812: 3810: 3805: 3804: 3801: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3773:Gurkha Museum 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3757: 3756: 3750: 3745: 3744: 3735: 3734:0-241-11690-2 3731: 3727: 3723: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3683:Asian Affairs 3679: 3676: 3672: 3671:Masters, John 3669: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3636: 3632: 3630: 3629:0-393-30714-X 3626: 3622: 3618: 3615: 3611: 3600: 3596: 3591: 3588: 3584: 3581: 3577: 3576: 3567: 3563: 3552: 3546: 3542: 3541: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3518: 3516: 3515:81-7303-087-1 3512: 3508: 3504: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3480: 3476: 3471: 3468: 3467:0-306-47770-X 3464: 3460: 3456: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3409:0-304-36294-8 3405: 3401: 3396: 3395: 3381: 3377: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3346: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3316: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3286: 3279: 3274: 3267: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3240: 3233: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3206: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3176: 3169: 3165: 3162: 3156: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3119: 3114: 3098: 3094: 3093:UK Government 3090: 3084: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3054: 3038: 3034: 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