North India - Knowledge

2266: 3367: 2334: 2142: 1763: 1535: 2416:. Though cool or cold winters, hot summers, and moderate monsoons are the general patterns, North India is one of the most climatically diverse regions on Earth. During summer, temperatures often rise above 35°C across much of the Indo-Gangetic plain, reaching as high as 50°C in the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, and up to 49°C in Delhi. During winter, the lowest temperatures on the plains dip below 5°C and drop below freezing in some states. Heavy to moderate snowfall occurs in Himachal Pradesh, Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Uttarakhand. Much of North India is also notorious for heavy fog during the winters. 4378:), Mumbai-Pune Belt (Maharashtra), Kolkata-Hoogly Belt (West Bengal), Ahmedabad-Vadodara Belt (Gujarat), and Chhota Nagpur plateau region (Jharkhand). North India has the state with highest GDP per capita in the Indian Union was Goa in 2021. Other North Indian states which follow are Haryana and Gujarat. North India also has the state with the highest GDP in India which is Maharashtra. Chandigarh has the highest per-capita State Domestic Product (SDP) of any Indian union territory. The National Capital Region of Delhi has emerged as an economic power house with rapid industrial growth. 73: 53: 64: 254: 113: 3723: 1937:, the Mughals united their far-flung realms through loyalty, expressed through a Persianised culture, to an emperor who had near-divine status. The State's economic policies, deriving most revenues from agriculture and mandating that taxes be paid in the well-regulated silver currency, caused peasants and artisans to enter larger markets. The relative peace maintained by the empire during much of the 17th century was a factor in India's economic expansion, resulting in greater patronage of 104: 362: 338: 242: 398: 266: 1966: 386: 326: 1267: 1985: 2705: 374: 314: 3008: 93: 410: 302: 1785: 290: 278: 1256: 350: 44: 3536: 2133:, and, despite the risks of infrastructure development borne by Indian taxpayers, little industrial employment was generated for Indians. There were also salutary effects: commercial cropping, especially in the newly canalled Punjab, led to increased food production for internal consumption. The railway network provided critical famine relief, notably reduced the cost of moving goods, and helped nascent Indian-owned industry. 1843:. Indian royalty, big and small, and the temples they patronised drew citizens in great numbers to the capital cities, which became economic hubs as well. Temple towns of various sizes began to appear everywhere as India underwent another urbanisation. By the 8th and 9th centuries, the effects were felt in South-East Asia, as South Indian culture and political systems were exported to lands that became part of modern-day 7918: 7935: 7910: 2154: 186: 7879: 3357: 167: 84: 1957:, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. Expanding commerce during Mughal rule gave rise to new Indian commercial and political elites along the coasts of southern and eastern India. As the empire disintegrated, many among these elites were able to seek and control their own affairs. 3591:. Several spots in the states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh provide panoramic views of the snow-clad Himalayan range. The Himalayan region also provides ample opportunity for adventure sports such as mountaineering, trekking, river rafting and skiing. Camel or jeep safaris of the Thar desert are also popular in the state of Rajasthan. North India includes several national parks such as the 2080:. Fed by diverse resentments and perceptions, including invasive British-style social reforms, harsh land taxes, and summary treatment of some rich landowners and princes, the rebellion rocked many regions of northern and central India and shook the foundations of Company rule. Although the rebellion was suppressed by 1858, it led to the dissolution of the East India Company and the 3738: 1832:. No ruler of this period was able to create an empire and consistently control lands much beyond their core region. During this time, pastoral peoples, whose land had been cleared to make way for the growing agricultural economy, were accommodated within caste society, as were new non-traditional ruling classes. The caste system consequently began to show regional differences. 2729:

Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Marwari, Harauti, Malvi, Gujarati, Khandeshi, Marathi and Konkani are spoken in Rajasthan, extreme eastern Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Goa. Towards the far north, languages of Dardic (such as Kashmiri) and Pahari (such as Dogri, Kumaoni and Garhwali) groups are spoken in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal and Uttarakhand.

2993: 2013:, had established coastal outposts. The East India Company's control of the seas, greater resources, and more advanced military training and technology led it to increasingly assert its military strength and caused it to become attractive to a portion of the Indian elite; these factors were crucial in allowing the company to gain powerful influence over the 3392:: Located in West Himalaya, in the state of Uttarakhand, these two national parks constitute a biosphere reserve that is in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 2004. The Valley of Flowers is known for its meadows of endemic alpine flowers and the variety of flora, this richly diverse area is also home to rare and endangered animals. 1569:, had arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa, where they had earlier evolved. The earliest known modern human remains in South Asia date to about 30,000 years ago. After 6500 BC, evidence for domestication of food crops and animals, construction of permanent structures, and storage of agricultural surplus appeared in 2769: 6331:, p. 245: An expansion of state functions in British and in princely India occurred as a result of the terrible famines of the later nineteenth century, ... A reluctant regime decided that state resources had to be deployed and that anti-famine measures were best managed through technical experts. 4815:

Mansi Shrivastava, senior vice-president and head- content acquisitions and partnerships at MX Player, said the southern film category, including dubbed versions, was huge for the platform, drawing 75% of its overall viewing minutes from north Indian states like Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi NCR,

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or Moguls by European historians owing to the dynasty's Mongol origins. They did not stamp out the local societies it came to rule. Instead, it balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites, leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform

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of Magadha had created a complex system of administration and taxation in the greater Ganges Plain; this system became a model for later Indian kingdoms. Under the Guptas, a renewed Hinduism based on devotion, rather than the management of ritual, began to assert itself. This renewal was reflected in

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are thought to have evolved. Hindi is spoken in Western Uttar Pradesh and Delhi and by a large number of people in many urban centres across North India. Many other languages of the Central Indo-Aryan languages such as Awadhi, Braj, Haryanvi, Chhattisgarhi, Bundeli and Bagheli are spoken in Haryana,

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The term 'Epic Sanskrit' refers to the language of the two great Sanskrit epics, the Mahābhārata and the Rāmāyaṇa. ... It is likely, therefore, that the epic-like elements found in Vedic sources and the two epics that we have are not directly related, but that both drew on the same source, an oral

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The north Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar have the highest percentages of rural populations, with 18.6 and 11.1 percent of people living in villages, respecively, as per the 2011 census. These states are also the largest migrant-sending states. Substantial flows of labour migrants relocate

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of Uttarakhand, the park acts as a protected area for the critically endangered Bengal tiger of India. Cradled in the foothills of the Himalayas, it comprises a total area of 500 km out of which 350 km is core reserve. This park is known not only for its rich and varied wildlife but also

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The terms 'North Zone,' 'North Region,' or 'Northern Cultural Zone' are used by various ministries of the Government of India to refer to the northernmost administrative division of the country, whether one of four or six. These terms are distinct from 'North India,' which refers to a much larger

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and other nations because of the unavailability of jobs locally. The technology boom that occurred in the past three decades in southern India has helped many Indians from the northern region to find jobs and live prosperous lives in southern cities. An analysis by Multidimensional Poverty Index

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in 1757 and sideline the other European companies. Its further access to the riches of Bengal and the subsequent increased strength and size of its army enabled it to annex or subdue most of India by the 1820s. India was then no longer exporting manufactured goods as it long had, but was instead

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set the stage for changes essential to a modern state. These included the consolidation and demarcation of sovereignty, the surveillance of the population, and the education of citizens. Technological changes—among them, railways, canals, and the telegraph—were introduced not long after their

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range beyond Africa and across the Arabian Peninsula occurred from as early as 80,000 years ago to as late as 40,000 years ago, although there may have been prior unsuccessful emigrations. Some of their descendants extended the human range ever further in each generation, spreading into each

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or swamp deer. The grasslands and woodlands of this park, consist mainly of sal forests. The barasingha is found in the southwest and southeast regions of the park. Among the big cats, tigers abound at Dudhwa. There are also a few leopards. The other animals found in large numbers, are the

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of fleeing soldiers, learned men, mystics, traders, artists, and artisans from that region into the subcontinent, thereby creating a syncretic Indo-Islamic culture in the north. The sultanate's raiding and weakening of the regional kingdoms of South India paved the way for the indigenous

5338:—originated in Africa. Then, intermittently, sometime between 60,000 and 80,000 years ago, tiny groups of them began to enter the north-west of the Indian subcontinent. It seems likely that initially they came by way of the coast. ... it is virtually certain that there were 4366:

in Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh, and have experienced both economic and social development. The eastern areas of East Uttar Pradesh, however, have lagged and the resulting disparity has contributed to a demand for separate statehood in West Uttar Pradesh (the

3464:: It is one of the finest bird parks in the world, it is a reserve that offers protection to faunal species as well. Nesting indigenous water birds as well as migratory water birds and waterside birds, this sanctuary is also inhabited by sambar, chital, nilgai and boar. 1894:

in 1206. The sultanate was to control much of North India and to make many forays into South India. Although at first disruptive for the Indian elites, the sultanate largely left its vast non-Muslim subject population to its own laws and customs. By repeatedly repulsing

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are also Hindu majority states, but have a large Muslim minority (12% in Maharashtra, 14% In Uttarakhand, 18% in Bihar, 19% in Uttar Pradesh and 27% in West Bengal). Jharkhand is also a Hindu majority state but has a large aboriginal minority. The union territories of

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The rush of technology and the commercialisation of agriculture in the second half of the 19th century was marked by economic setbacks, and many small farmers became dependent on the whims of far-away markets. There was an increase in the number of large-scale

6760:... With its altitude of 10000 ft. above the sea, Dras is considered to be the second coldest inhabited place in the world after Siberia where mercury sinks as low as -40 °C during winter, though it has also recorded a low of −60 °C ... 6869:

R.K. Datta (Meteorological Office, Dum Dum) and M.G. Gupta (Meteorological Office, Delhi), "Synoptic study of the formation and movements of Western Depressions", Indian Journal of Meteorology & Geophysics, India Meteorological Department,

1879:. Indian merchants, scholars, and sometimes armies were involved in this transmission; South-East Asians took the initiative as well, with many sojourning in Indian seminaries and translating Buddhist and Hindu texts into their languages. 1507:(which literally means 'elder brother') along with it in a derogatory sense. However within Uttar Pradesh (literally meaning "North Province" in Hindi) itself, "the cultural divide between the east and the west is considerable, with the 5370:

habitable land they encountered. One human channel was along the warm and productive coastal lands of the Persian Gulf and northern Indian Ocean. Eventually, various bands entered India between 75,000 years ago and 35,000 years ago."

3104:. Reflecting the diverse climatic zones and terrain contained in the region, the floral variety is extensive and ranges from Alpine to Cloud forests, coniferous to evergreen, and thick tropical rainforests to cool temperate woods. 1687:, attracted followers from all social classes excepting the middle class; chronicling the life of the Buddha was central to the beginnings of recorded history in India. In an age of increasing urban wealth, both religions held up 2092:

and a gradual but limited British-style parliamentary system, the new rulers also protected princes and landed gentry as a feudal safeguard against future unrest. In 1861, a supreme legislature for India was established — the

2257:. India's sustained democratic freedoms are unique among the world's newer nations; however, in spite of its recent economic successes, freedom from want for its disadvantaged population remains a goal yet to be achieved. 1664:

In the late Vedic period, around the 6th century BCE, the small states and chiefdoms of the Ganges Plain and the north-western regions had consolidated into 16 major oligarchies and monarchies that were known as the

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would become the leader and enduring symbol. During the 1930s, slow legislative reform was enacted; the Indian National Congress won victories in the resulting elections. The next decade was beset with crises:

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Dried chillies from South Tamil Nadu have a huge demand in many countries, and hence they are exported to countries like Malaysia, U.A.E., and also sent to North Indian states like Maharashtra and Gujarat.

4671: 5311:, "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73–55 ka." 3107:

There are around 500 varieties of mammals, 2000 species of birds, 30,000 types of insects and a wide variety of fish, amphibians and reptiles in the region. Animal species in North India include

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In the early 16th century, northern India, then under mainly Muslim rulers, fell again to the superior mobility and firepower of a new generation of Central Asian warriors. A Turco-Mongol emir,

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and having effectively been made an arm of British administration, the East India Company began more consciously to enter non-economic arenas, including education, social reform, and culture.

3377:: It was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park along the banks of the Ramganga River. It is India's first National Park, and was designated a Project Tiger Reserve in 1973. Situated in 4861:

In non-Hindi north Indian states like Gujarat, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Odiya, their regional language is the first language, Hindi is the second language and English is the third language.

7238:... bir bahuti: a small insect with a back of a bright red colour; the scarlet or lady fly, commonly called the "Rain insect" as it makes its appearance when the first rains have fallen ... 6957:... Yet another cultural division of the year views it as six seasons ... This cycle of six seasons, while known and referred to today, is more widely recognised in Sanskrit literature ... 6930:... likening the major episodes of the narrative to various features of the river and its banks, and to the appearance of the river in each of the six seasons of the North Indian year ... 7193:

Casey A. Wood, "Through Forest and Jungle in Kashmir and Other Parts of North India: The Annual Smithsonian Institution Report, 1932", Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1933.

4736: 4146: 2527:(chaitra-baishakh), March–April). The literature, poetry and folklore of the region uses references to these six seasons quite extensively and has done so since ancient times when 2009:

By the early 18th century, with the lines between commercial and political dominance being increasingly blurred, a number of European trading companies, including the English

4547: 4931: 4026: 6695:... The Tropic of Cancer divides India into almost two equal parts. It makes the southern half of India in the Tropical Zone and the northern half in the Temperate zone ... 8118: 1734: 4794:

The festival is also celebrated in some North Indian states like Maharashtra, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh as Hartalika Teej

8445: 7559: 4705: 3981: 7324: 7585: 4106: 7303: 4036: 3430:: Located in Rajasthan, this national reserve features extensive sand dunes and dry salt lakes. Wildlife unique to the region includes the desert fox and the 5234: 2315:

the Indo-Gangetic plain, which spans the states and union territories of Chandigarh, Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Jharkhand.

3398:: Dachigam is a higher altitude national reserve in the state of Jammu and Kashmir that ranges from 5,500 to 14,000 feet above sea level. It is home to the 2213:

Vital to India's self-image as an independent nation was its constitution, completed in 1950, which put in place a secular and democratic republic. Per the

4828: 4679: 4344:. There has been plans for revival of this ancient university, including an effort by a multinational consortium led by Singapore, China, India and Japan. 1605:

Between 2000 BC and 1500 BC, several waves of Indo-Aryan migrations from Central Asia occurred and these migrants settled in the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The

7502: 3448:". The Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh came into being in 1955 and forms the core of the Kanha Tiger Reserve, created in 1974 under Project Tiger. 5342:

in the subcontinent 55,000 years ago, even though the earliest fossils that have been found of them date to only about 30,000 years before the present."

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Ajit Prasad Jain and Shiba Prasad Chatterjee, "Report of the Irrigation Commission, 1972", Ministry of Irrigation and Power, Government of India, 1972.

7130:... Important Himalayan trees are sal, chir pine, deodar, oaks, fir, spruce, rhododendrons, and the giant evergreen trees of the Eastern Himalayas ... 4609: 5138: 1515:

official site places the state in the eastern part of India. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar are largely considered as being a part of north India, however.

1431:, runs through India, and could theoretically be regarded as a geographical dividing line in the country. Indian states that are entirely above the 5109: 2280:

North India lies mainly on continental India, north of peninsular India. Towards its north are the Himalayas which define the boundary between the

8438: 3509:, a conservation effort started by the government in an attempt to save the dwindling number of tigers in India. Situated near the small town of 7812: 5085: 1581:, the first urban culture in South Asia, which flourished during 2500–1900 BC north-western Indian subcontinent. Centred around cities such as 7401:

V. G. Rastyannikov, "Agrarian Evolution in a Multiform Structure Society: Experience of Independent India", Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981,

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pages. Articles in the Indian press have included the states of Bihar, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, and West Bengal in North as well.

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were created in the Tamil language. They were imitated all over India and led to both the resurgence of Hinduism and the development of all

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dominate the natural scenery of North India. The region encompasses several of the most highly regarded hill destinations of India such as

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in the 13th century, the sultanate saved India from the devastation visited on West and Central Asia, setting the scene for centuries of

1102: 2737:. Bengali is spoken in West Bengal. Languages of Bihari group, such as Maithili, Magahi and Bhojpuri are spoken in Bihar and Jharkhand. 8431: 2109:. In 1876, the Crown-ruled India and the numerous Indian states under the Crown's suzerainty formed a loose political union called the 7017: 6790:... the bleak village of Dras, reportedly the second coldest place in Asia with recorded temperatures of −80 °F (−62 °C) ... 8368: 4046: 4011: 3951: 3946: 2443:

The region receives heavy rain in plains and light snow on Himalayas precipitation through two primary weather patterns: the Indian

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creators reveals that acute poverty prevails in eight Indian states including the northern states of Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.

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the Himalayas and sub-Himalayan belt, which lie in the states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and West Bengal;

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cavalry and raising vast armies united by ethnicity and religion, repeatedly overran South Asia's north-western plains. A general

7276: 6506: 4900: 3901: 3412:: This park is located in Himachal Pradesh and ranges in altitude from 5,000 to 17,500 feet. Wildlife resident here includes the 808: 4504:

The central feature of Norh India is the gigantic Indo-Gangetic plain, together with all of the sacred rivers that flow into it.

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Robert E. B. Lucas, Gustav Fritz Papanek, "The Indian Economy: Recent Development and Future Prospects", Westview Press, 1988,

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and the collaboration with Soviet Union for technical know-how, has created a large urban middle class, transformed India into

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from Uttar Pradesh to Maharashtra, Delhi, West Bengal, Haryana, Gujarat, and other states across northern and central India.

2229:, and increased its geopolitical clout. Yet, India is also shaped by seemingly unyielding poverty, both rural and urban; by 1703:. The Magadhan Mauryan emperors are known as much for their empire-building and determined management of public life as for 8285: 2121:

in 1877. In the decades following, public life gradually emerged all over India, leading eventually to the founding of the

1722: 7159:... the text recommends that the bark of the Himalayan birch tree (bhurja-patra) should be used for scribbling mantras ... 2459:. Western Disturbances, on the other hand, are an extratropical weather phenomenon that carry moisture eastwards from the 7328: 5022: 3505:: It spans an area of 400 km with an estimated head count of thirty two tigers is perhaps India's finest example of 2679: 2058: 1312: 1076: 1032: 447: 2265: 7805: 7082:

N.C. Saxena, "The Saga of Participatory Forest Management in India", Center for International Forestry Research, 1997,

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is a Muslim majority territories while Ladakh has a Muslim plurality with minority Hindus and Buddhists. The state of

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The economy of North India varies from agrarian in the northern plains to very industrialised in Maharashtra, the

3866:, is considered one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and the second oldest in India after 2338: 8373: 8108: 4101: 4051: 3961: 3611: 3389: 2242: 2234: 1808:

The Indian early medieval age, from 600 to 1200 AD, is defined by regional kingdoms and cultural diversity. When

1661:, archaeological evidence from this period suggests the existence of a chiefdom stage of political organisation. 3072:. The birch, especially, has historical significance in Indian culture due to the extensive use of birch paper ( 2063:

Historians consider India's modern age to have begun sometime between 1848 and 1885. The appointment in 1848 of

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Gyanesh Kudaisya, "Region, Nation, Heartland: Uttar Pradesh in India's Body Politic", Sage Publications, 2006,

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These 'bhaiyas' were identified with the migrants from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar who were working in Maharashtra.

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North India includes some highly regarded historical, architectural and archaeological treasures of India. The

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of eastern Haryana state. Primarily known for birds, it also contains a small number of tigers and panthers.

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as an ideal, and both established long-lasting monastic traditions. Politically, by the 3rd century BCE, the

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and minor vocal synthesis with the Dravidian languages. North India was the historical centre of the ancient

6622: 4519: 2479:. The states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand receive some snowfall in winter months. 7023:. Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from 6907:... The sequence of the six traditional seasons is correct only for northern and central parts of India ... 6663: 3956: 3812: 3592: 2740:

A number of aboriginal languages of Austroasiatic and Dravidian origin are spoken in some regions. Several

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FACT is also expanding its market to North Indian states like Maharashtra, West Bengal, Odisha and Gujarat

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Kumool Abbi, "Discourse of Zindaginama: A semio-anthropological critique", Harman Publishing House, 2002.

6881: 5073:... The Tropic of Cancer divides India roughly into two equal parts: the Warm Temperate and Tropical ... 4136: 4071: 4056: 3804: 2617:

is the dominant religion in North India. Other religions practiced by various ethnic communities include

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was prevalent. In the mountainous areas, sometimes the winter is further divided into "big winter" (e.g.

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Kiran Prem, Haryana Gazetteers Organization, "Haryana District Gazetteers", Government of Haryana, 1970.

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Lalu said the Thackerays have always been indulging in a campaign against North Indians, mostly Biharis.

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map is based on native vegetation, temperature, precipitation and their seasonality.(Major categories)

1358: 1114: 2649:. Hindus constitutes more than 80 percent of the North India's population. National capital of India ( 2325:

The states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Jammu and Kashmir also have a large forest coverage.

924:. It occupies nearly three-quarters of the area and population of India and includes all of the three 8626: 8113: 8006: 6501: 4363: 4041: 3911: 3847: 3800: 3603: 3596: 3360: 2392: 2068: 2042: 1578: 1362: 1288: 1106: 917: 147: 7179:... Bhurja-patra, the inner bark on the birch tree grown in the Himalayan region, was a very common 8347: 8337: 8190: 8148: 8123: 8078: 4016: 3941: 3607: 3572: 3471: 3461: 3385: 2356: 2347: 2122: 2077: 178: 7389:, "The Dynamics of Rural Poverty", Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1986. 8290: 8143: 8093: 7867: 7386: 5267: 4984: 4737:"'Jharkhand is a North Indian state and for BJP to get decimated there is a statement in itself'" 4489: 4359: 4186: 4151: 3816: 3342: 3338: 3024:

North Indian vegetation is predominantly Tropical evergreen and Montane . Of the evergreen trees

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Gilbert Etienne, "Rural Development in Asia: Meetings With Peasants", Sage Publications, 1985,

7252:"India Geography – indian rivers, indian flora & fauna wildlife, national symbols in india" 4141: 4091: 4001: 3836: 3792: 3600: 3395: 3318: 3314: 2842: 2741: 2102: 2098: 1284: 1220: 773: 5235:"Concern over north Indian workers in Tamil Nadu: What the numbers say about India's migrants" 1824:

ruler of the Deccan. When his successor attempted to expand eastwards, he was defeated by the

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Social and Cultural Dimensions of Indian Indentured Labour and its Diaspora: Past and Present

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According to a 2009–10 report, a large number of unskilled and skilled workers have moved to

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constitute another famous world heritage site. The state of Rajasthan is known for exquisite

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A.P. Dimri, "Models to improve winter minimum surface temperature forecasts, Delhi, India",

5324: 1089:, who today form a majority in North India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, are descendents of the 8631: 8402: 8300: 7024: 6634: 6476:"Role of Soviet Union in India's industrialisation: a comparative assessment with the West" 3906: 3467: 3431: 3427: 3417: 3192: 2780: 2717: 2709: 2665:, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh are overwhelmingly Hindu-majority. Maharashtra, 2419:

Extreme temperatures among inhabited regions have ranged from −45 °C (−49 °F) in

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mountains are, in some interpretations, taken to be the southern boundary of North India.

940:. In a more specific and administrative sense, North India can also be used to denote the 8: 8168: 8050: 7848: 7111:

Bansi Lal Kaul, "Ecodegradation of Himalayas", Vinod Publishers & Distributors, 1995.

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Vidya Sagar Katiyar, "Indian Monsoon and Its Frontiers", Inter-India Publications, 1990,

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Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present

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R.L. Singh, "India: A Regional Geography", National Geographical Society of India, 1971.

6638: 1511:(easterners) often being clubbed with Biharis in the perception of the westerners." The 52: 8070: 7998: 7837: 5238: 4741: 4552: 4337: 4176: 4126: 3707: 3699: 3539: 3440:: The sal and bamboo forests, grassy meadows and ravines of Kanha were the setting for 3334: 3080:) as parchment for many ancient Indian texts. The Eastern Himalayan region consists of 3033: 2699: 2551: 2365: 2214: 2207: 2023: 2010: 1891: 1887: 1840: 1746: 1692: 1122: 720: 72: 7350: 7280: 6450: 5283:

tradition of storytelling that existed before, throughout, and after the Vedic period.

5163:

Susheela Raghavan, "Handbook of Spices, Seasonings, and Flavorings", CRC Press, 2007,

2503:(ashivan-kartik), September–October, sometimes thought of as 'early autumn'), autumn ( 8352: 7756: 7729: 7702: 7688: 7671: 7649: 7462: 7445: 7428: 7402: 7170: 7150: 7121: 7083: 7056: 7050: 6971: 6948: 6944: 6921: 6898: 6853: 6802: 6779: 6749: 6725: 6684: 6652: 5271: 5210: 5164: 4994: 4964: 4493: 4161: 4121: 4086: 4081: 4076: 3916: 3776: 3480: 3378: 3073: 3019: 2806: 2532: 2471:. They primarily occur during the winter season and are critically important for the 2460: 1709: 1098: 945: 851: 846: 793: 763: 748: 743: 127: 8423: 2076:. However, disaffection with the company also grew during this time and set off the 2022:

with raw materials. By this time, with its economic power severely curtailed by the

8521: 8412: 8407: 8397: 8392: 8382: 8304: 8083: 8019: 7901: 7180: 7055:. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India. 6642: 5184: 4403: 4353: 3991: 3936: 3921: 3703: 3164: 3040:

are some which are important commercially. The Western Himalayan region abounds in

3012: 2921: 2866: 2824: 2749: 2730: 2662: 2159: 2118: 1821: 1738: 1464: 1436: 1432: 1416: 1308: 1048: 968: 861: 856: 841: 836: 816: 798: 783: 778: 768: 738: 733: 306: 151: 3454:: Located in the state of Bihar, it is the only protected zone for the endangered 1613:, were composed during this period, and historians have analysed these to posit a 63: 8546: 8491: 8230: 8225: 8210: 8203: 8060: 7790: 7752: 7746: 7719: 7692: 7684: 7230: 6967: 6940: 6917: 6894: 6885:, 11, pp 129–139, Royal Meteorological Society, Cambridge University Press, 2004. 6773: 6743: 6678: 4958: 4764: 4440: 4325: 3891: 3711: 3635: 3445: 3441: 2838: 2811: 2487:

Northern Indian tradition recognises six distinct seasons in the region: summer (

2285: 2130: 1938: 1900: 1883: 1795: 1700: 1204: 1157: 1138: 889: 753: 658: 638: 628: 623: 618: 598: 206: 143: 123: 7391:... Haryana and West Uttar Pradesh recorded spectacular production increases ... 5205:

Hassankhan, Maurits S.; Roopnarine, Lomarsh; Mahase, Radica (10 November 2016).

4362:

and West Bengal. Northwest Indian plains have prospered as a consequence of the

8581: 8541: 8536: 8378: 8332: 8327: 7721:

A History of Ancient and Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century

4960:

The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity

4428: 4382: 4374:

The major industrial regions in North India are the Gurugram-Delhi-Merut Belt (

4021: 3976: 3760: 3759:, is one of the universally admired buildings of world heritage. Besides Agra, 3622:

North India encompasses several of the holiest pilgrimage centres of Hinduism (

3524: 3510: 3326: 3310: 3270: 3188: 3116: 3049: 3025: 3000: 2975: 2959: 2925: 2753: 2630: 2468: 2409: 2297: 2194: 2163: 2114: 2019: 1946: 1717: 1696: 1684: 1658: 1472: 1420: 1236: 1134: 992: 921: 831: 788: 693: 673: 668: 648: 643: 633: 593: 342: 6647: 4829:"Secret Sign Language: Silent Trade Thrives in Thenkasi's Dried Chilli Market" 3878:

era, exhibiting the earliest traces of human life on the Indian subcontinent.

1346:

on 23 March 1985. It differs from the North Zonal Council in its inclusion of

8620: 8242: 8088: 7949: 7944: 7715: 7586:"West Bengal: 8 Indian states have more poor than 26 poorest African nations" 7418:

B. M. Bhatia, "Food Security in South Asia", Oxford & IHB Pub. Co., 1985.

6656: 5113: 4418: 4368: 3971: 3780: 3506: 3184: 3180: 3168: 3124: 2947: 2941: 2883: 2816: 2734: 2683: 2670: 2206:. All were capped by the advent of independence in 1947, but tempered by the 2089: 2085: 1896: 1667: 1618: 1456: 1440: 1424: 1366: 1343: 1320: 1126: 1090: 1060: 1052: 988: 976: 866: 758: 653: 613: 583: 402: 366: 216: 135: 4876: 4548:"Marriages last the longest in north India, Maharashtra; least in northeast" 103: 8481: 8024: 7742: 6510: 4423: 4413: 4408: 3851: 3639: 3413: 3399: 3298: 3255: 3132: 3120: 3112: 3101: 3093: 2833: 2820: 2642: 2452: 2014: 1638: 1630: 1614: 1582: 1565: 1484: 1181: 1142: 1130: 1039:. In its narrower administrative sense, the term has varying implications ( 996: 571: 258: 7560:"North India vs South India: Who is doing better? Report says South India" 2189:, by more strident Indian calls for self-rule, and by the beginnings of a 1945:. Newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the 8501: 8220: 8098: 7843: 7536: 7169:

Amalananda Ghosh, "An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology", BRILL, 1990,

7149:

Sanjukta Gupta, "Lakṣmī Tantra: A Pāñcarātra Text", Brill Archive, 1972,

6620: 5089: 4445: 4285: 3875: 3863: 3722: 3667: 3556: 3322: 3302: 3251: 2980: 2905: 2870: 2768: 2674: 2666: 2464: 2456: 2431:

is claimed to be the second-coldest inhabited place on the planet (after

2289: 2270: 2186: 2110: 2081: 1954: 1868: 1825: 1791: 1500: 1480: 1452: 1347: 1146: 1086: 1056: 1020: 1008: 972: 949: 913: 901: 683: 603: 414: 390: 330: 139: 112: 5019:

The Politics of Secularism: Medieval Indian Historiography and the Sufis

3767:

also carry some great exhibits from the Mughal architecture. In Punjab,

2221:, becoming the first republic within it. Economic liberalisation, which 8598: 8593: 8588: 8476: 8237: 8215: 7954: 7207: 4305: 3855: 3844: 3823:

clans. Historical sites and architecture from the ancient and medieval

3679: 3488: 3475: 3223: 3196: 3176: 3160: 2704: 2190: 1999: 1965: 1646: 1594: 1378: 1296: 1224: 1197: 1105:

into this region between 2000 BC and 1500 BC after the collapse of the

1068: 1024: 712: 432: 221: 211: 131: 6599: 5173:... Maharashtra, in North India, has kala masala in many versions ... 5110:"Thackerays are 'infiltrators' in Maharashtra from Bihar: Lalu Prasad" 4934:. Geological Survey of India, MOI, Government of India. Archived from 1984: 1403:

newspaper puts Bihar, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh related articles on its

1266: 955:

Several major rivers flow through the region including the Indus, the

8506: 8486: 7967: 7374: 7120:

S.S. Negi, "Himalayan Forests and Forestry", Indus Publishing, 2002,

6570: 6568: 5043: 4710: 4645: 4614: 4583: 4329: 4249: 4233: 4229: 3871: 3832: 3808: 3752: 3745: 3741: 3727: 3671: 3663: 3655: 3643: 3631: 3588: 3580: 3552: 3421: 3219: 3156: 3152: 3144: 3053: 3041: 3007: 2654: 2650: 2472: 2274: 1976: 1972: 1876: 1799: 1772: 1707:'s renunciation of militarism and far-flung advocacy of the Buddhist 1688: 1590: 1524: 1476: 1468: 1399: 1374: 1324: 1240: 1232: 1212: 1177: 1064: 1016: 984: 905: 703: 487: 378: 318: 155: 8055: 7780: 7533:"Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation – Publications" 5378: 5376: 3353:

Important national parks and tiger reserves of North India include:

2783:, a result of the amicable interaction of Hindus and Muslims there. 2202:, the Congress's final push for non-co-operation, and an upsurge of 1933:

rule. Eschewing tribal bonds and Islamic identity, especially under

1920:"Babur", after defeating the Delhi Sultanate, upgraded himself from 92: 8516: 7888: 7859: 7832: 6986:

Sarat Chandra Roy and Ral Bahadur, "Man in India", A.K. Bose, 1996.

6920:, Philip Lutgendorf, pp. 22, University of California Press, 1991, 4333: 4313: 4309: 4265: 4237: 3859: 3772: 3683: 3627: 3623: 3576: 3564: 3535: 3520: 3403: 3306: 3290: 3274: 3247: 3243: 3231: 3215: 3140: 3136: 3108: 2996: 2971: 2933: 2745: 2721: 2646: 2614: 2563: 2555: 2554:

ethno linguistic branch, and include various social groups such as

2528: 2293: 2238: 1872: 1860: 1848: 1784: 1742: 1680: 1676: 1650: 1642: 1634: 1610: 1570: 1546: 1228: 1189: 1165: 1161: 522: 6565: 6529: 6517: 6407: 6001: 5999: 5071:

Ram Nath Dubey, "Economic Geography of India", Kitab Mahal, 1961.

3470:: It covers an area of 500 km along the Indo-Nepal border in 2879:

Each state of North India has its own regional forms of clothing:

1882:

After the 10th century, Muslim Central Asian nomadic clans, using

1467:

states. However that definition would also include major parts of

43: 8466: 7725: 6724:

Sarina Singh, "India: Lonely Planet Guide", Lonely Planet, 2003,

6358: 6356: 6229: 6186: 5373: 5031:

was a product of the interaction between Hindu society and Islam.

4289: 4281: 4269: 4253: 4147:

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology

3867: 3791:

reflects excellent Anglo-Indian architecture with monuments like

3784: 3768: 3687: 3675: 3659: 3651: 3647: 3584: 3513:

it boasts of variety of plant and animal species of North India.

3262: 3200: 3085: 3069: 3037: 2951: 2911: 2887: 2773: 2725: 2658: 2634: 2626: 2622: 2444: 2432: 2305: 2301: 1929: 1864: 1844: 1816:, who ruled much of the Indo-Gangetic Plain from 606 to 647 1813: 1672: 1654: 1586: 1488: 1444: 1388: 1382: 1339: 1304: 1255: 1193: 1185: 1173: 1169: 1044: 1004: 980: 964: 937: 608: 588: 566: 512: 482: 294: 282: 7304:"Edward Jim Corbett – Hunter who Inspired Wildlife Conservation" 6373: 6371: 5656: 5558: 5527: 5496: 5395: 5365:, "Scholars estimate that the first successful expansion of the 4706:"-Intense cold in North eight die in Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal" 8576: 8561: 8551: 8531: 8526: 6623:"Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification" 6136: 6093: 6081: 6038: 5996: 5933: 5931: 5263:

Transitive Nouns and Adjectives: Evidence from Early Indo-Aryan

5139:"Unorganised Workers of Delhi and the Seven Day Strike of 1988" 4336:. One of the first great universities in recorded history, the 4301: 4261: 4245: 4225: 3840: 3820: 3788: 3568: 3496: 3356: 3294: 3266: 3239: 3235: 3211: 3172: 3148: 3128: 3057: 2967: 2915: 2874: 2852: 2595: 2591: 2579: 2567: 2559: 2153: 2073: 2038: 2034: 2030: 1950: 1856: 1836: 1829: 1809: 1704: 1316: 1080: 1036: 960: 956: 929: 678: 517: 507: 502: 472: 452: 354: 7377:

UNESCO " Culture " World Heritage Centre " World Heritage List

7140:

R.P. Sharma, "The Indian Forester", v.72:6–12 (Jan–June 1946).

6580: 6553: 6541: 6431: 6419: 6395: 6383: 6353: 4027:

Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology

3690:) and some of the highly regarded destinations in Sufi Islam ( 3483:, elephant, jungle cats, leopard cats, fishing cats, jackals, 166: 8603: 8571: 8566: 8556: 8511: 8471: 8163: 7924: 7893: 7854: 6368: 6298: 6028: 6026: 5950: 5948: 5946: 5637: 5141:. Indrani Mazumdar, Archives of Indian Labour. Archived from 4699: 4697: 4666: 4664: 4341: 4321: 4297: 4277: 4257: 4241: 4221: 3764: 3695: 3691: 3492: 3484: 3325:

are found in the Himalayan areas. Other birds found here are

3286: 3278: 3227: 3207: 3097: 3089: 3065: 2937: 2929: 2901: 2897: 2687: 2618: 2587: 2583: 2476: 2424: 2413: 2321:

the Thar desert, which lies mainly in the state of Rajasthan.

1991: 1934: 1606: 1460: 1448: 1370: 1351: 1300: 1153: 1072: 1028: 1012: 933: 893: 821: 728: 663: 497: 477: 437: 246: 191: 83: 6918:

The Life of a Text: Performing the Rāmcaritmānas of Tulsidas

6602:. Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India 5928: 5842: 2837:

of Kashmir. Main dance forms, many with narrative forms and

2181:, a new period began. It was marked by the enactment of the 904:

form the prominent majority population. It extends from the

8496: 6771: 5818: 5784: 5782: 5739: 5737: 5724: 5722: 3756: 3737: 3731: 3370:

Sunrise in Kishtwar National Park, Jammu and Kashmir, India

3282: 3045: 3029: 2992: 2891: 2571: 2475:, which includes the main staple over much of North India, 2428: 2420: 1921: 1852: 1201: 826: 492: 7295: 6105: 6023: 6011: 5984: 5960: 5943: 5897: 5204: 4694: 4661: 4604: 4602: 3982:

Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology

2311:

The predominant geographical features of North India are:

6069: 5854: 5806: 4901:"The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 (Act No.37 of 1956)" 4635: 4633: 4293: 3081: 3061: 2575: 1820:, attempted to expand southwards, he was defeated by the 1695:

had annexed or reduced other states and evolved into the

1629:, many regions of the subcontinent transitioned from the 1000: 270: 5779: 5734: 5719: 5546: 5515: 5448: 4107:

Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology

2886:: Chikan Suit, Pathani Salwar, Kurta Paijama, Lehenga, 1287:

is one of the advisory councils, created in 1956 by the

6279: 6117: 5769: 5767: 5754: 5752: 5709: 5707: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5460: 5419: 5417: 5027:

The composite culture of northern India , known as the

4871: 4869: 4599: 4220:

have campuses in several cities of North India such as

4037:

Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology

2598:. Other minority aboriginal ethnic communities such as 6829:"Western disturbances herald winter in Northern India" 6621:

Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007).

6600:"Forest Survey of India – State of Forest Report 2003" 6198: 6050: 5692: 5589: 5305:

harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPetragliaAllchin2007 (

4630: 4579:"Can North India overtake 'arrogant' South in growth?" 4320:

has campuses in several cities of North India such as

2690:

majority of 60% and is the homeland of Sikh religion.

1675:

came into prominence during the life of its exemplar,

8453: 7611:"Top 20 Delicious and Irresistible North Indian Food" 6341: 6260: 5909: 4486:

Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present

2082:

direct administration of British territories in India

1270:

Various states often included in Northern Zone/Region

1247:

between these Hindu and Muslim religious traditions.

1040: 6322: 6310: 6217: 5972: 5885: 5830: 5794: 5764: 5749: 5704: 5675: 5625: 5613: 5601: 5479: 5429: 5414: 4866: 4807:"How South Indian cinema lured viewers across India" 3858:, can be found scattered throughout northern India. 3682:), the most regarded pilgrimage centres of Sikhism ( 2097:. Further reforms also created a unified bank — the 6812: 6241: 6167: 6148: 5577: 5293: 5291: 2451:. The Monsoon carries moisture northwards from the 7820: 5866: 5667:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKulkeRothermund2004 ( 5648:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKulkeRothermund2004 ( 5569:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKulkeRothermund2004 ( 5538:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKulkeRothermund2004 ( 5507:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKulkeRothermund2004 ( 5406:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKulkeRothermund2004 ( 4514: 4512: 3670:sites), the most sacred destinations of Buddhism ( 3261:The region has a wide variety of birds, including 1716:In North India, by the 4th and 5th centuries, the 1278: 7395: 5387:sfn error: no target: CITEREFConinghamYoung2015 ( 4786:"Gowri Habba Celebrations, Rituals and Practices" 2779:The composite culture of North India is known as 2041:were unified into a unitary state, headed by the 1794:, 73 m (240 ft) tall, completed by the 1563:By 55,000 years ago, the first modern humans, or 1243:. North India's culture developed as a result of 944:within this broader expanse, stretching from the 8618: 5297: 5288: 5012: 5010: 3886:North India has several universities, including 3269:, and thousands of immigrant birds, such as the 2455:, occurs in late summer and is important to the 2147:Political Divisions of the Indian Empire in 1909 7228: 7222: 6852:Bin Wang, "The Asian Monsoon", Springer, 2006, 5662: 5643: 5564: 5533: 5502: 5401: 4542: 4540: 4509: 2720:. It is in this region, or its proximity, that 2550:The people of North India mostly belong to the 7683: 7325:"Largest Hindu Temple: Guinness World Records" 6680:Social Science Textbook for Class IX Geography 6676: 6586: 6574: 6559: 6547: 6535: 6523: 6437: 6425: 6413: 6401: 6389: 6377: 6362: 6304: 6235: 6192: 6142: 6099: 6087: 6044: 6005: 5937: 5824: 5382: 4932:"Northern Region – Geological Survey of India" 3348: 3222:. Venomous snakes found in the region include 3206:Reptiles are represented by a large number of 2507:(margh-paush), November–December, also called 2249:. It has unresolved territorial disputes with 1890:declared his independence and established the 1389:Colloquial definitions of Northern Region/Zone 8439: 7983: 7806: 7455: 7098: 7096: 7012: 7010: 5345: 5253: 5104: 5102: 5007: 4956: 4816:Bihar, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. 4573: 4571: 4477: 3771:is known for being the city of royalty while 2185:as the Government of India Act 1919 but also 7438: 7380: 7351:"Jama Masjid, Delhi's biggest mosque, India" 6998: 6897:, Yash Pal Singh, pp. 420, FK Publications, 6848: 6846: 6795: 5359:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFFisher2018 ( 5157: 5131: 4730: 4728: 4537: 4399:The best-known North-Indian food items are: 2716:Linguistically, North India is dominated by 2523:(magh-phagun),January–February) and spring ( 2227:one of the world's fastest-growing economies 1729:, which found patrons among an urban elite. 1410: 1291:to foster interstate co-operation under the 1207:as well as world heritage sites such as the 7639: 7482:. The Tribune, Chandigarh. 19 February 2007 7412: 7143: 7134: 7076: 6970:, S.A. Qazi, pp. 25, APH Publishing, 2005, 6961: 6934: 6911: 6888: 6831:. The Hindu Business Line. 17 November 2005 6765: 6735: 6670: 6111: 6032: 6017: 5990: 5966: 5954: 5903: 5860: 5848: 5812: 5328:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFDyson2018 ( 5314: 4007:Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University 2848:National Academy of Music, Dance, and Drama 1152:It has a diverse culture, and includes the 967:rivers. North India includes the states of 540:2,389,300 km (922,500 sq mi) 8446: 8432: 7990: 7976: 7813: 7799: 7421: 7163: 7093: 7007: 6873: 6863: 6741: 6718: 6290:sfn error: no target: CITEREFCopland2001 ( 5440:sfn error: no target: CITEREFPossehl2003 ( 5099: 4993:. Princeton University Press. p. 32. 4926: 4924: 4895: 4893: 4568: 4483: 3787:has the famous Awadhi Nawab culture while 3755:, an immense mausoleum of white marble in 2423:, Ladakh to 50.6 °C (123 °F) in 2393:(Cwa) Subtropical humid summer, dry winter 2173:After World War I, in which approximately 1393: 172:Extent of North India in its broader sense 7187: 7114: 7105: 7048: 6989: 6968:Systematic Geography Of Jammu And Kashmir 6843: 6772:Galen A. Rowell, Ed Reading (June 1980), 6646: 6271:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSarkar1983 ( 5471:sfn error: no target: CITEREFWitzel2003 ( 5065: 5036: 5016: 4725: 4703: 4047:Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University 4012:Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Law University 3952:Birla Institute of Technology and Science 3947:Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya 3011:Goat at Great Himalayan national Park in 2200:Indian participation in World War II 1626: 7480:"RLD, BSP gear up as Mulayam exit looms" 7269: 6980: 6821: 6592: 6333:sfn error: no target: CITEREFStein2010 ( 6209:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBrown1994 ( 6178:sfn error: no target: CITEREFPeers2006 ( 6159:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBrown1994 ( 4983: 4484:Frykenberg, Robert Eric (27 June 2008). 4473: 4471: 4318:National Institute of Fashion Technology 4062:Himachal Pradesh National Law University 3987:Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University 3927:Baba Farid University of Health Sciences 3736: 3721: 3702:, the largest Buddhist temple in India, 3534: 3474:of Uttar Pradesh, is best known for the 3406:species, also called the Kashmir stag). 3365: 3355: 3242:species include the commercially useful 3006: 2991: 2767: 2744:are spoken in the Himalayan region like 2703: 2332: 2264: 1835:In the 6th and 7th centuries, the first 1641:, which created a hierarchy of priests ( 1609:, the oldest scriptures associated with 1533: 1265: 1254: 443:Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 7525: 6507:United States Department of Agriculture 6285: 6252:sfn error: no target: CITEREFRobb2001 ( 6128:sfn error: no target: CITEREFRobb2001 ( 6061:sfn error: no target: CITEREFRobb2001 ( 5920:sfn error: no target: CITEREFRobb2001 ( 5877:sfn error: no target: CITEREFRobb2001 ( 5435: 5084:Dutta, Prabhash K. (18 February 2022). 4921: 4890: 3902:All India Institute of Medical Sciences 2435:), with a recorded low of −60 °C. 2217:, India retained its membership of the 2193:movement of non-co-operation, of which 1994:Company gold coin, issued in 1835, the 1259:States under Northern Zonal Council in 1250: 1043:) with different states included being 8619: 8041:National Geological Monuments of India 7997: 7661: 7500: 7301: 7049:Vatsyayan, Kapila (14 December 1992). 6941:Essays on North Indian Folk Traditions 6266: 6075: 5836: 5800: 5466: 5351: 4157:Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University 3452:Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary 2499:(shravan-bhadra), July–August), cool ( 2482: 8427: 7971: 7794: 7741: 7714: 7664:India and South Asia: A Short History 7535:. Government of India. Archived from 6708:"Dras, India Travel Weather Averages" 6614: 6347: 6328: 6316: 6223: 6204: 6173: 6154: 5978: 5891: 5788: 5773: 5758: 5743: 5728: 5713: 5698: 5686: 5631: 5619: 5607: 5595: 5583: 5552: 5521: 5490: 5454: 5423: 5320: 5083: 4842: 4821: 4799: 4778: 4757: 4468: 3932:Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University 3530: 2797:Dance of North India too has diverse 2408:North India lies mainly in the north 2239:Maoist-inspired Naxalite insurgencies 2210:into two states: India and Pakistan. 2095:Imperial Legislative Council of India 1577:. These gradually developed into the 7828: 7501:Ranade, Sudhanshu (19 August 2004). 6247: 6123: 6056: 5915: 5872: 5259: 3343:Himalayan or white-tailed rubythroat 2908:and kurta/churidar pajama and kurta. 2495:(jyesth- ashadh), May–June), rainy ( 2402:(Cwb) Subtropical highland, dry wint 2357:(Aw) Tropical savanna, wet & dry 1841:modern languages of the subcontinent 1549:, composed in story-telling fashion 7583: 7557: 6947:, pp. 226, Orient Blackswan, 2005, 6627:Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 4734: 3831:periods of Indian history, such as 2029:In 1833, the three presidencies of 1911: 1625:. During the period 2000–500 1365:) in its Northern Region, included 13: 7232:Dictionary: Hindustani and English 6775:Many people come, looking, looking 4963:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 279. 4197:Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University 2987: 2328: 1817: 1776: 1494: 1381:, with a regional headquarters in 1117:leading to the development of the 14: 8643: 7769: 7694:A Concise History of Modern India 7640:Asher, C. B.; Talbot, C. (2008), 4394: 3874:is an archaeological site of the 3254:insects. The strikingly coloured 2300:, beyond which lies the state of 2292:, shared between North India and 2273:located in North Indian state of 920:and the northwestern part of the 7933: 7916: 7908: 7877: 7776:North Indian temple architecture 7603: 7577: 7551: 7494: 7472: 7368: 7343: 7317: 7302:Sharma, Tanmay (24 March 2012). 7244: 7196: 7042: 6700: 6489: 6468: 6443: 4214:National Institute of Technology 4192:Uttarakhand Technical University 4112:National Law University, Sonipat 2438: 2152: 2140: 1983: 1964: 1941:, literary forms, textiles, and 1783: 1761: 1109:. There was a slow migration of 892:comprising the northern part of 408: 396: 384: 372: 360: 348: 336: 324: 312: 300: 288: 276: 264: 252: 240: 184: 165: 111: 102: 91: 82: 71: 62: 51: 42: 7633: 7277:"Flora & Fauna North India" 5227: 5198: 5177: 5077: 5023:University of Wisconsin–Madison 4977: 4950: 4765:"Marketing Division activities" 4102:Maharaja Ganga Singh University 4052:Haryana Agricultural University 3962:Central University of Rajasthan 3881: 3710:, and the largest Sikh shrine, 3706:, the largest mosque in India, 3612:Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary 3390:Valley of Flowers National Park 2545: 2243:separatism in Jammu and Kashmir 2059:History of India (1947–present) 2052: 1752: 1295:, which included the states of 1279:Government of India definitions 7821:Places adjacent to North India 4735:Ali, Amin (25 December 2019). 4672:"Earthquake jolts North India" 4641:"Hot spell continues in North" 4218:Indian Institute of Management 4210:Indian Institute of Technology 4132:Punjab Agricultural University 4117:O. P. Jindal Global University 4097:Lovely Professional University 3997:Delhi Technological University 3897:Alakh Prakash Goyal University 3456:Ganges and Indus river dolphin 3258:is also found in this region. 1924:and proclaimed himself as the 1649:, and commoners and peasants ( 1529: 1: 8388:World Heritage Sites in India 7934: 7878: 7786:Tourist places in North India 7072:– via Internet Archive. 6742:H. N. Kaul (1 January 1998), 4704:The Hindu (26 January 2016). 4678:. 12 May 2015. Archived from 4610:"North Indians in Coimbatore" 4461: 3717: 3698:). The largest Hindu temple, 3617: 3410:Great Himalayan National Park 2841:elements, have been accorded 2606:exist throughout the region. 2339:Köppen climate classification 1928:. His successors were called 1731:Classical Sanskrit literature 1550: 1539: 8313:Biogeographic classification 7917: 7909: 7503:"Maharashtra, richest State" 5298:Petraglia & Allchin 2007 5044:"North Zone Cultural Centre" 3957:Central University of Punjab 3843:, as well as sites from the 3593:Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve 3329:, scale-bellied woodpecker, 2805:forms. Among the well-known 2772:North Indian Hindu bride in 2693: 2269:Sunset on the sand dunes at 2260: 2162:sharing a light moment with 1683:, based on the teachings of 1600: 1209:Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve 7: 8369:National monuments of India 6882:Meteorological Applications 5663:Kulke & Rothermund 2004 5644:Kulke & Rothermund 2004 5565:Kulke & Rothermund 2004 5534:Kulke & Rothermund 2004 5503:Kulke & Rothermund 2004 5402:Kulke & Rothermund 2004 4520:"The Hindu (NOIDA Edition)" 4434: 4137:Punjab Technical University 4072:Jawaharlal Nehru University 4057:Himachal Pradesh University 3444:'s collection of stories, " 3349:Wildlife parks and reserves 3149:nilgai (blue bull antelope) 2860: 2609: 1749:made significant advances. 10: 8648: 7699:Cambridge University Press 7646:Cambridge University Press 6748:, Indus Publishing, 1998, 6587:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6575:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6560:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6548:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6536:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6524:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6451:"London Declaration, 1949" 6438:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6426:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6414:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6402:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6390:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6378:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6363:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6305:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6236:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6193:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6143:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6100:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6088:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6045:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6006:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 5938:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 5825:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 5383:Coningham & Young 2015 5017:Dhulipala, Venkat (2000). 4389: 4351: 4347: 4202:World University of Design 4067:Jai Narain Vyas University 3714:, are all in this region. 3503:Ranthambhore National Park 3301:(including the celebrated 3017: 2864: 2793:List of Indian folk dances 2790: 2763: 2697: 2183:Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms 2175:one million Indians served 2056: 1522: 1518: 1359:Geological Survey of India 8462: 8361: 8299: 8251: 8189: 8069: 8051:Sacred mountains of India 8033: 8005: 7826: 7558:PTI (23 September 2009). 6648:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 6502:Economic Research Service 4042:Guru Nanak Dev University 4032:Gurukul Kangri University 3912:Aligarh Muslim University 3848:Indus Valley civilisation 3604:Ranthambore National Park 3597:Jim Corbett National Park 3546: 3361:Jim Corbett National Park 3319:grey-headed fishing eagle 3141:chinkara (Indian gazelle) 3077: 2105:and a unified army — the 2069:Governor General of India 2043:Governor-General of India 1775:, completed in 1010 1579:Indus Valley Civilisation 1538:Manuscript illustration, 1411:Latitude-based definition 1289:States Reorganisation Act 1107:Indus Valley Civilisation 1067:and union territories of 1023:and union territories of 807: 719: 702: 565: 557: 549: 544: 536: 531: 462: 423: 230: 197: 177: 163: 148:Jim Corbett National Park 122:From top, left to right: 36: 26: 7235:, Taylor & Francis, 7229:John Shakespear (1817), 4985:Beckwith, Christopher I. 4908:interstatecouncil.nic.in 4857:Bharathidasan University 4456: 4017:Gautam Buddha University 3942:Banaras Hindu University 3775:is a city known for its 3666:and seven of the twelve 3608:Sundarbans National Park 3472:Lakhimpur Kheri District 3462:Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary 3386:Nanda Devi National Park 3214:species, as well as the 2819:, Ghoomar of Rajasthan, 2786: 2457:Kharif or autumn harvest 2123:Indian National Congress 2078:Indian Rebellion of 1857 2045:and the creation of the 1293:Ministry of Home Affairs 1103:Bactria-Margiana Culture 906:Himalayan mountain range 8383:Indian-origin religions 8374:National parks of India 8119:Highest point by states 7387:Mohamad Riad El-Ghonemy 6677:Yash Pal Singh (2006), 6497:"Briefing Rooms: India" 6112:Asher & Talbot 2008 6033:Asher & Talbot 2008 6018:Asher & Talbot 2008 5991:Asher & Talbot 2008 5967:Asher & Talbot 2008 5955:Asher & Talbot 2008 5904:Asher & Talbot 2008 5861:Asher & Talbot 2008 5849:Asher & Talbot 2008 5813:Asher & Talbot 2008 5334:, "Modern human beings— 5268:Oxford University Press 5050:. Ministry of Culture, 4811:Broadcast &Cablesat 4490:Oxford University Press 4360:National Capital Region 4187:University of Rajasthan 4152:SRM University, Haryana 3382:for its scenic beauty. 3339:stork-billed kingfisher 2964:Punjabi Tamba and Kurta 2538:) and "little winter" ( 2101:, a police force — the 1545:, of the Sanskrit epic 1394:Indian press definition 1217:Hill Forts of Rajasthan 561:380/km (990/sq mi) 8454:Historical regions of 8261:States and territories 8056:Sacred rivers of India 8046:Sacred groves of India 7052:Indian Classical Dance 6778:, Mountaineers, 1980, 6509:, 2009, archived from 5260:Lowe, John J. (2017). 4957:George Erdosy (1995). 4142:South Asian University 4092:Kurukshetra University 4002:Desh Bhagat University 3862:, on the banks of the 3801:Cawnpore Woollen Mills 3748: 3734: 3601:Keoladeo National Park 3543: 3396:Dachigam National Park 3371: 3363: 3315:Pallas's fishing eagle 3273:. Other birds include 3036:(Indian rosewood) and 3015: 3004: 2843:classical dance status 2776: 2758:Lahuli–Spiti languages 2742:Sino-Tibetan languages 2713: 2473:Rabi or spring harvest 2405: 2277: 2235:caste-related violence 2187:repressive legislation 2103:Indian Imperial Police 2099:Imperial Bank of India 1971:A distant view of the 1733:flowered as well, and 1560: 1285:Northern Zonal Council 1271: 1263: 1221:Jantar Mantar (Jaipur) 1192:pilgrimage centres of 1156:pilgrimage centres of 896:(or historically, the 7781:Geographia.com: India 7668:Oneworld Publications 7642:India Before Europe t 6745:Rediscovery of Ladakh 5185:"Government of Bihar" 5048:culturenorthindia.com 4877:"Genesis | ISCS" 4850:"Teaching of English" 4352:Further information: 4340:, is in the state of 4182:University of Lucknow 4172:University of Kashmir 3967:Chandigarh University 3740: 3725: 3538: 3517:Kalesar National Park 3375:Corbett National Park 3369: 3359: 3331:red-breasted parakeet 3199:, and the endangered 3129:chital (spotted deer) 3125:sambar (Asiatic stag) 3018:Further information: 3010: 2995: 2956:Salwar (Punjabi) Suit 2865:Further information: 2771: 2707: 2698:Further information: 2348:(Am) Tropical monsoon 2336: 2288:. To its west is the 2268: 2166:, Mumbai, 6 July 1946 1926:Padishah of Hindustan 1918:Zahir-ud-din Mohammad 1575:Balochistan, Pakistan 1537: 1483:and minor regions of 1275:geo-cultural region. 1269: 1258: 1149:, among many others. 463:Most populous cities 8403:Environment of India 7584:PTI (12 June 2010). 5029:Ganga Jamuni tehzeeb 4938:on 24 September 2015 4813:. 3 September 2021. 3907:Allahabad University 3797:King Edward Memorial 3468:Dudhwa National Park 3432:great Indian bustard 3428:Desert National Park 3418:Himalayan brown bear 3193:Himalayan brown bear 2781:Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb 2718:Indo-Aryan languages 2710:Indo-Aryan languages 2449:Western Disturbances 2107:Imperial Indian Army 1769:Brihadeshwara temple 1525:India § History 1419:, which divides the 1350:and the omission of 1251:Northern Region/Zone 1119:Indo-Aryan languages 1111:Indo-Iranian peoples 926:mega cities of India 910:Indo-Gangetic plains 908:in the north to the 558: • Density 7685:Metcalf, Barbara D. 7662:Ludden, D. (2002), 7615:Crazymasalafood.com 7539:on 1 September 2004 7210:on 26 November 2013 6683:, VK Publications, 6664:Final Revised Paper 6639:2007HESS...11.1633P 6577:, pp. 247–248. 6538:, pp. 266–270. 6526:, pp. 265–266. 6416:, pp. 195–197. 6238:, pp. 103–108. 6195:, pp. 100–103. 6126:, pp. 151–152. 6078:, pp. 128–132. 5791:, pp. 127–128. 5746:, pp. 121–122. 5731:, pp. 119–120. 5555:, pp. 312–313. 5524:, pp. 260–265. 5457:, pp. 186–187. 5385:, pp. 104–105. 5052:Government of India 4451:Northern South Asia 4167:University of Jammu 3799:, Police Quarters, 3793:All Souls Cathedral 3561:Indo-Gangetic plain 3438:Kanha National Park 3311:great pied hornbill 3052:(Himalayan cedar), 2983:: Rangwali Phichora 2483:Traditional seasons 2384:(BSh) Hot semi arid 2282:Indian subcontinent 2047:Government of India 1906:Vijayanagara Empire 1573:and other sites in 1513:Government of Bihar 1429:Northern Hemisphere 1332:Ministry of Culture 942:Indo-Gangetic Plain 898:Indian subcontinent 7999:Geography of India 7838:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 7748:A History of India 7689:Metcalf, Thomas R. 7590:The Times of India 7331:on 8 February 2011 6059:, pp. 98–100. 5239:The Indian Express 5116:. 9 September 2012 5086:"Who is a Bhaiya?" 4742:The Times of India 4553:The Times of India 4338:Nalanda University 4177:University of Kota 4127:Punjabi University 3749: 3735: 3544: 3531:Places of interest 3372: 3364: 3335:Himalayan swiftlet 3016: 3005: 2777: 2714: 2700:Languages of India 2406: 2278: 2247:in Northeast India 2223:began in the 1980s 2215:London Declaration 2208:partition of India 2204:Muslim nationalism 2024:British Parliament 2011:East India Company 1892:Sultanate of Delhi 1888:Qutub-ud-din Aibak 1693:Kingdom of Magadha 1561: 1336:North Culture Zone 1272: 1264: 1123:Proto-Indo-Iranian 809:Official languages 550: • Total 537: • Total 8612: 8611: 8421: 8420: 7965: 7964: 7960: 7959: 7762:978-0-631-20546-3 7735:978-81-317-1677-9 7708:978-0-521-68225-1 7677:978-1-85168-237-9 7655:978-0-521-51750-8 7617:. 20 October 2017 7355:asiaexplorers.com 7283:on 18 August 2007 6945:Susan Snow Wadley 6690:978-81-89611-15-6 6207:, pp. 85–86. 6145:, pp. 94–99. 6102:, pp. 68–71. 6090:, pp. 51–55. 6047:, pp. 44–49. 6008:, pp. 23–24. 5918:, pp. 90–91. 5851:, pp. 50–51. 5701:, pp. 98–99. 5665:, pp. 89–91. 5598:, pp. 67–68. 5567:, pp. 54–56. 5536:, pp. 53–54. 5505:, pp. 41–43. 5469:, pp. 68–69. 5404:, pp. 21–23. 5277:978-0-19-879357-1 5216:978-1-351-98589-5 5000:978-1-4008-2994-1 4987:(16 March 2009). 4970:978-3-11-014447-5 4682:on 10 August 2020 4556:. 18 January 2016 4499:978-0-19-154419-4 4162:Thapar University 4122:Panjab University 4087:Kumaon University 4082:Kanpur University 4077:Jiwaji University 3917:Ashoka University 3809:Khajuraho temples 3805:Cutchery Cemetery 3777:Sikh architecture 3700:Akshardham Temple 3495:, crocodiles and 3481:Indian rhinoceros 3379:Nainital district 3133:hangul (red deer) 3020:Wildlife of India 2680:Jammu and Kashmir 2461:Mediterranean Sea 2375:(BWk) Cold desert 1465:North East Indian 1363:Ministry of Mines 1313:Jammu and Kashmir 1213:Khajuraho temples 1077:Jammu and Kashmir 1033:Jammu and Kashmir 946:Ganga-Yamuna Doab 918:Central Highlands 875: 874: 448:Jammu and Kashmir 425:Union territories 128:Victoria Memorial 8639: 8627:Regions of India 8448: 8441: 8434: 8425: 8424: 8413:Tourism in India 8408:History of India 8398:Culture of India 8393:Climate of India 8266:Autonomous areas 8020:Geology of India 7992: 7985: 7978: 7969: 7968: 7937: 7936: 7920: 7919: 7912: 7911: 7881: 7880: 7829: 7815: 7808: 7801: 7792: 7791: 7765: 7738: 7711: 7697:(2nd ed.), 7680: 7658: 7627: 7626: 7624: 7622: 7607: 7601: 7600: 7598: 7596: 7581: 7575: 7574: 7572: 7570: 7555: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7529: 7523: 7522: 7520: 7518: 7513:on 15 April 2011 7509:. Archived from 7498: 7492: 7491: 7489: 7487: 7476: 7470: 7459: 7453: 7442: 7436: 7425: 7419: 7416: 7410: 7399: 7393: 7384: 7378: 7372: 7366: 7365: 7363: 7361: 7347: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7327:. Archived from 7321: 7315: 7314: 7312: 7310: 7299: 7293: 7292: 7290: 7288: 7279:. Archived from 7273: 7267: 7266: 7264: 7262: 7256:indianmirror.com 7248: 7242: 7241: 7226: 7220: 7219: 7217: 7215: 7206:. Archived from 7200: 7194: 7191: 7185: 7181:writing material 7167: 7161: 7147: 7141: 7138: 7132: 7118: 7112: 7109: 7103: 7100: 7091: 7080: 7074: 7073: 7071: 7069: 7046: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7035: 7029: 7022: 7014: 7005: 7002: 6996: 6993: 6987: 6984: 6978: 6965: 6959: 6938: 6932: 6915: 6909: 6892: 6886: 6877: 6871: 6867: 6861: 6850: 6841: 6840: 6838: 6836: 6825: 6819: 6816: 6810: 6799: 6793: 6792: 6769: 6763: 6762: 6739: 6733: 6722: 6716: 6715: 6704: 6698: 6697: 6674: 6668: 6660: 6650: 6633:(5): 1633–1644. 6618: 6612: 6611: 6609: 6607: 6596: 6590: 6584: 6578: 6572: 6563: 6557: 6551: 6545: 6539: 6533: 6527: 6521: 6515: 6514: 6493: 6487: 6486: 6480: 6472: 6466: 6465: 6463: 6461: 6447: 6441: 6435: 6429: 6423: 6417: 6411: 6405: 6399: 6393: 6387: 6381: 6375: 6366: 6360: 6351: 6345: 6339: 6338: 6326: 6320: 6314: 6308: 6302: 6296: 6295: 6288:, pp. ix–x. 6283: 6277: 6276: 6264: 6258: 6257: 6245: 6239: 6233: 6227: 6221: 6215: 6214: 6202: 6196: 6190: 6184: 6183: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6152: 6146: 6140: 6134: 6133: 6121: 6115: 6109: 6103: 6097: 6091: 6085: 6079: 6073: 6067: 6066: 6054: 6048: 6042: 6036: 6030: 6021: 6015: 6009: 6003: 5994: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5964: 5958: 5952: 5941: 5935: 5926: 5925: 5913: 5907: 5901: 5895: 5889: 5883: 5882: 5870: 5864: 5858: 5852: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5828: 5822: 5816: 5810: 5804: 5798: 5792: 5786: 5777: 5771: 5762: 5756: 5747: 5741: 5732: 5726: 5717: 5711: 5702: 5696: 5690: 5684: 5673: 5672: 5660: 5654: 5653: 5641: 5635: 5629: 5623: 5617: 5611: 5605: 5599: 5593: 5587: 5581: 5575: 5574: 5562: 5556: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5531: 5525: 5519: 5513: 5512: 5500: 5494: 5488: 5477: 5476: 5464: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5445: 5433: 5427: 5421: 5412: 5411: 5399: 5393: 5392: 5380: 5371: 5364: 5349: 5343: 5333: 5318: 5312: 5310: 5295: 5286: 5285: 5257: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5231: 5225: 5224: 5202: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5181: 5175: 5161: 5155: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5135: 5129: 5128: 5123: 5121: 5106: 5097: 5096: 5081: 5075: 5069: 5063: 5062: 5060: 5058: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5014: 5005: 5004: 4981: 4975: 4974: 4954: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4928: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4914: 4905: 4897: 4888: 4887: 4885: 4883: 4873: 4864: 4863: 4854: 4846: 4840: 4839: 4825: 4819: 4818: 4803: 4797: 4796: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4761: 4755: 4754: 4752: 4750: 4732: 4723: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4701: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4668: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4637: 4628: 4627: 4625: 4623: 4606: 4597: 4596: 4594: 4592: 4575: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4561: 4544: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4516: 4507: 4506: 4481: 4475: 4404:Tandoori chicken 4364:Green Revolution 4354:Economy of India 3992:Delhi University 3937:Bahra University 3922:Avadh University 3165:Tibetan sand fox 3079: 3013:Himachal Pradesh 2922:Himachal Pradesh 2916:Phiran and poots 2867:Punjabi clothing 2825:Himachal Pradesh 2724:and the various 2708:Distribution of 2663:Himachal Pradesh 2399: 2390: 2381: 2372: 2366:(BWh) Hot desert 2363: 2354: 2345: 2160:Jawaharlal Nehru 2156: 2144: 2119:Empress of India 2117:was crowned the 2088:. Proclaiming a 2072:introduction in 1987: 1968: 1912:Early modern era 1837:devotional hymns 1819: 1787: 1778: 1765: 1633:cultures to the 1628: 1559: 1555: 1552: 1544: 1541: 1437:Himachal Pradesh 1433:Tropic of Cancer 1417:Tropic of Cancer 1334:established the 1309:Himachal Pradesh 1049:Himachal Pradesh 969:Himachal Pradesh 721:Common languages 578:See all demonyms 466: 413: 412: 411: 401: 400: 399: 389: 388: 387: 377: 376: 375: 365: 364: 363: 353: 352: 351: 341: 340: 339: 329: 328: 327: 317: 316: 315: 307:Himachal Pradesh 305: 304: 303: 293: 292: 291: 281: 280: 279: 269: 268: 267: 257: 256: 255: 245: 244: 243: 190: 188: 187: 169: 152:Gateway of India 144:Indian elephants 115: 106: 95: 86: 75: 66: 55: 46: 24: 23: 8647: 8646: 8642: 8641: 8640: 8638: 8637: 8636: 8617: 8616: 8613: 8608: 8458: 8452: 8422: 8417: 8357: 8348:Protected Areas 8295: 8247: 8211:Northeast India 8185: 8179:Western Coastal 8174:Eastern Coastal 8139:Mountain passes 8065: 8061:Stones of India 8029: 8001: 7996: 7966: 7961: 7921: 7891: 7857: 7846: 7835: 7822: 7819: 7772: 7763: 7753:Wiley-Blackwell 7736: 7709: 7678: 7656: 7636: 7631: 7630: 7620: 7618: 7609: 7608: 7604: 7594: 7592: 7582: 7578: 7568: 7566: 7556: 7552: 7542: 7540: 7531: 7530: 7526: 7516: 7514: 7499: 7495: 7485: 7483: 7478: 7477: 7473: 7460: 7456: 7443: 7439: 7426: 7422: 7417: 7413: 7400: 7396: 7385: 7381: 7373: 7369: 7359: 7357: 7349: 7348: 7344: 7334: 7332: 7323: 7322: 7318: 7308: 7306: 7300: 7296: 7286: 7284: 7275: 7274: 7270: 7260: 7258: 7250: 7249: 7245: 7227: 7223: 7213: 7211: 7202: 7201: 7197: 7192: 7188: 7168: 7164: 7148: 7144: 7139: 7135: 7119: 7115: 7110: 7106: 7101: 7094: 7081: 7077: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7047: 7043: 7033: 7031: 7027: 7020: 7016: 7015: 7008: 7003: 6999: 6994: 6990: 6985: 6981: 6966: 6962: 6939: 6935: 6916: 6912: 6893: 6889: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6864: 6851: 6844: 6834: 6832: 6827: 6826: 6822: 6817: 6813: 6800: 6796: 6786: 6770: 6766: 6756: 6740: 6736: 6723: 6719: 6706: 6705: 6701: 6691: 6675: 6671: 6619: 6615: 6605: 6603: 6598: 6597: 6593: 6585: 6581: 6573: 6566: 6558: 6554: 6546: 6542: 6534: 6530: 6522: 6518: 6495: 6494: 6490: 6478: 6474: 6473: 6469: 6459: 6457: 6449: 6448: 6444: 6436: 6432: 6424: 6420: 6412: 6408: 6400: 6396: 6388: 6384: 6376: 6369: 6361: 6354: 6346: 6342: 6332: 6327: 6323: 6315: 6311: 6303: 6299: 6289: 6284: 6280: 6270: 6269:, pp. 1–4. 6265: 6261: 6251: 6246: 6242: 6234: 6230: 6222: 6218: 6208: 6203: 6199: 6191: 6187: 6177: 6172: 6168: 6158: 6153: 6149: 6141: 6137: 6127: 6122: 6118: 6110: 6106: 6098: 6094: 6086: 6082: 6074: 6070: 6060: 6055: 6051: 6043: 6039: 6031: 6024: 6016: 6012: 6004: 5997: 5989: 5985: 5977: 5973: 5965: 5961: 5953: 5944: 5936: 5929: 5919: 5914: 5910: 5902: 5898: 5890: 5886: 5876: 5871: 5867: 5859: 5855: 5847: 5843: 5835: 5831: 5823: 5819: 5811: 5807: 5799: 5795: 5787: 5780: 5772: 5765: 5757: 5750: 5742: 5735: 5727: 5720: 5712: 5705: 5697: 5693: 5685: 5676: 5666: 5661: 5657: 5647: 5642: 5638: 5630: 5626: 5618: 5614: 5606: 5602: 5594: 5590: 5582: 5578: 5568: 5563: 5559: 5551: 5547: 5537: 5532: 5528: 5520: 5516: 5506: 5501: 5497: 5489: 5480: 5470: 5465: 5461: 5453: 5449: 5439: 5434: 5430: 5422: 5415: 5405: 5400: 5396: 5386: 5381: 5374: 5358: 5350: 5346: 5327: 5319: 5315: 5304: 5296: 5289: 5278: 5258: 5254: 5244: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5228: 5217: 5203: 5199: 5189: 5187: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5162: 5158: 5148: 5146: 5145:on 1 April 2004 5137: 5136: 5132: 5119: 5117: 5108: 5107: 5100: 5082: 5078: 5070: 5066: 5056: 5054: 5042: 5041: 5037: 5015: 5008: 5001: 4982: 4978: 4971: 4955: 4951: 4941: 4939: 4930: 4929: 4922: 4912: 4910: 4903: 4899: 4898: 4891: 4881: 4879: 4875: 4874: 4867: 4852: 4848: 4847: 4843: 4835:. 5 June 2023. 4827: 4826: 4822: 4805: 4804: 4800: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4748: 4746: 4733: 4726: 4716: 4714: 4702: 4695: 4685: 4683: 4670: 4669: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4639: 4638: 4631: 4621: 4619: 4608: 4607: 4600: 4590: 4588: 4587:. 30 April 2012 4577: 4576: 4569: 4559: 4557: 4546: 4545: 4538: 4528: 4526: 4518: 4517: 4510: 4500: 4482: 4478: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4441:Northeast India 4437: 4397: 4392: 4356: 4350: 4326:Kangra district 4206: 3892:Agra University 3884: 3720: 3620: 3549: 3533: 3519:: Kalesar is a 3446:The Jungle Book 3442:Rudyard Kipling 3351: 3022: 2990: 2988:Flora and fauna 2877: 2863: 2795: 2789: 2766: 2702: 2696: 2612: 2548: 2485: 2441: 2404: 2397: 2395: 2388: 2386: 2379: 2377: 2370: 2368: 2361: 2359: 2352: 2350: 2343: 2331: 2329:General climate 2286:Tibetan plateau 2263: 2171: 2170: 2169: 2168: 2167: 2157: 2149: 2148: 2145: 2061: 2055: 2015:Bengal province 2007: 2006: 2005: 2004: 2003: 1988: 1980: 1979: 1969: 1914: 1806: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1802: 1796:Sultan of Delhi 1788: 1780: 1779: 1766: 1755: 1721:a flowering of 1701:House of Maurya 1603: 1557: 1553: 1542: 1532: 1527: 1521: 1497: 1495:Anecdotal usage 1413: 1396: 1391: 1373:, but excluded 1281: 1253: 1141:and the modern 1139:Delhi Sultanate 1137:, the medieval 890:cultural region 871: 803: 698: 580: 579: 574: 527: 464: 458: 457: 419: 409: 407: 397: 395: 385: 383: 373: 371: 361: 359: 349: 347: 337: 335: 325: 323: 313: 311: 301: 299: 289: 287: 277: 275: 265: 263: 253: 251: 241: 239: 226: 207:Northwest India 185: 183: 173: 170: 159: 124:Kinnaur Kailash 120: 119: 118: 117: 116: 108: 107: 98: 97: 96: 88: 87: 78: 77: 76: 68: 67: 58: 57: 56: 48: 47: 32: 29: 22: 17: 16:Region of India 12: 11: 5: 8645: 8635: 8634: 8629: 8610: 8609: 8607: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8585: 8584: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8539: 8534: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8463: 8460: 8459: 8451: 8450: 8443: 8436: 8428: 8419: 8418: 8416: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8379:Nature worship 8376: 8371: 8365: 8363: 8359: 8358: 8356: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8309: 8307: 8297: 8296: 8294: 8293: 8291:Municipalities 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8257: 8255: 8249: 8248: 8246: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8234: 8233: 8228: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8207: 8206: 8195: 8193: 8187: 8186: 8184: 8183: 8182: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8109:Extreme points 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8075: 8073: 8067: 8066: 8064: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8037: 8035: 8031: 8030: 8028: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8011: 8009: 8003: 8002: 7995: 7994: 7987: 7980: 7972: 7963: 7962: 7958: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7931: 7928: 7927: 7922: 7907: 7905: 7885: 7884: 7882: 7875: 7872: 7871: 7852: 7841: 7827: 7824: 7823: 7818: 7817: 7810: 7803: 7795: 7789: 7788: 7783: 7778: 7771: 7770:External links 7768: 7767: 7766: 7761: 7739: 7734: 7716:Singh, Upinder 7712: 7707: 7681: 7676: 7659: 7654: 7635: 7632: 7629: 7628: 7602: 7576: 7550: 7524: 7493: 7471: 7454: 7437: 7420: 7411: 7394: 7379: 7367: 7342: 7316: 7294: 7268: 7243: 7221: 7195: 7186: 7162: 7142: 7133: 7113: 7104: 7092: 7075: 7061: 7041: 7030:on 8 July 2016 7006: 6997: 6988: 6979: 6960: 6933: 6910: 6887: 6872: 6862: 6842: 6820: 6811: 6794: 6784: 6764: 6754: 6734: 6717: 6699: 6689: 6669: 6613: 6591: 6589:, p. 304. 6579: 6564: 6562:, p. 274. 6552: 6550:, p. 253. 6540: 6528: 6516: 6513:on 20 May 2011 6488: 6467: 6442: 6440:, p. 231. 6430: 6428:, p. 203. 6418: 6406: 6404:, p. 167. 6394: 6392:, p. 163. 6382: 6367: 6365:, p. 126. 6352: 6350:, p. 258. 6340: 6321: 6319:, p. 260. 6309: 6307:, p. 123. 6297: 6278: 6259: 6250:, p. 183. 6240: 6228: 6226:, p. 239. 6216: 6197: 6185: 6166: 6147: 6135: 6116: 6114:, p. 289. 6104: 6092: 6080: 6068: 6049: 6037: 6035:, p. 286. 6022: 6020:, p. 256. 6010: 5995: 5993:, p. 186. 5983: 5981:, p. 169. 5971: 5969:, p. 158. 5959: 5957:, p. 152. 5942: 5927: 5908: 5906:, p. 115. 5896: 5894:, p. 164. 5884: 5865: 5853: 5841: 5829: 5817: 5805: 5793: 5778: 5776:, p. 124. 5763: 5761:, p. 123. 5748: 5733: 5718: 5716:, p. 132. 5703: 5691: 5689:, p. 545. 5674: 5655: 5636: 5634:, p. 367. 5624: 5622:, p. 319. 5612: 5610:, p. 300. 5600: 5588: 5576: 5557: 5545: 5526: 5514: 5495: 5493:, p. 255. 5478: 5459: 5447: 5428: 5426:, p. 181. 5413: 5394: 5372: 5344: 5313: 5287: 5276: 5270:. p. 58. 5252: 5241:. 7 March 2023 5226: 5215: 5197: 5176: 5156: 5130: 5098: 5076: 5064: 5035: 5025:. p. 27. 5006: 4999: 4976: 4969: 4949: 4920: 4889: 4865: 4841: 4820: 4798: 4777: 4756: 4724: 4693: 4660: 4629: 4618:. 27 July 2016 4598: 4567: 4536: 4508: 4498: 4476: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4436: 4433: 4432: 4431: 4429:Butter chicken 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4396: 4395:Popular dishes 4393: 4391: 4388: 4383:southern India 4349: 4346: 4205: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4039: 4034: 4029: 4024: 4022:GNA University 4019: 4014: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3977:DAV University 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3888: 3883: 3880: 3761:Fatehpur Sikri 3719: 3716: 3619: 3616: 3548: 3545: 3532: 3529: 3525:Shivalik Hills 3523:forest in the 3511:Sawai Madhopur 3350: 3347: 3327:tawny fish owl 3321:, red-thighed 3271:Siberian crane 3117:indian leopard 3001:Madhya Pradesh 2989: 2986: 2985: 2984: 2978: 2976:Punjabi Ghagra 2960:Patiala salwar 2945: 2926:Shalwar kameez 2919: 2909: 2895: 2862: 2859: 2788: 2785: 2765: 2762: 2695: 2692: 2631:Zoroastrianism 2611: 2608: 2604:Austroasiatics 2547: 2544: 2536:chillai kalaan 2484: 2481: 2469:Atlantic Ocean 2440: 2437: 2410:temperate zone 2396: 2387: 2378: 2369: 2360: 2351: 2342: 2330: 2327: 2323: 2322: 2319: 2316: 2298:Aravalli Range 2262: 2259: 2195:Mahatma Gandhi 2164:Mahatma Gandhi 2158: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2139: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2115:Queen Victoria 2065:Lord Dalhousie 2057:Main article: 2054: 2051: 1989: 1982: 1981: 1970: 1963: 1962: 1961: 1960: 1959: 1913: 1910: 1897:Mongol raiders 1789: 1782: 1781: 1767: 1760: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1735:Indian science 1718:House of Gupta 1697:Magadha Empire 1685:Gautama Buddha 1659:Deccan Plateau 1623:Gangetic Plain 1621:and the upper 1602: 1599: 1531: 1528: 1523:Main article: 1520: 1517: 1496: 1493: 1473:Madhya Pradesh 1421:temperate zone 1412: 1409: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1280: 1277: 1252: 1249: 1237:Fatehpur Sikri 1135:Magadha Empire 993:Madhya Pradesh 922:Deccan plateau 882:Northern India 880:, also called 873: 872: 870: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 813: 811: 805: 804: 802: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 725: 723: 717: 716: 706: 700: 699: 697: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 577: 576: 575: 569: 563: 562: 559: 555: 554: 551: 547: 546: 542: 541: 538: 534: 533: 529: 528: 526: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 469: 467: 460: 459: 456: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 429: 427: 421: 420: 418: 417: 405: 393: 381: 369: 357: 345: 343:Madhya Pradesh 333: 321: 309: 297: 285: 273: 261: 249: 236: 234: 228: 227: 225: 224: 219: 214: 209: 203: 201: 195: 194: 181: 175: 174: 171: 164: 161: 160: 121: 110: 109: 101: 100: 99: 90: 89: 81: 80: 79: 70: 69: 61: 60: 59: 50: 49: 41: 40: 39: 38: 37: 34: 33: 31:Northern India 30: 27: 21:Place in India 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8644: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8624: 8622: 8615: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8583: 8580: 8579: 8578: 8575: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8558: 8555: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8540: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8530: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8464: 8461: 8457: 8449: 8444: 8442: 8437: 8435: 8430: 8429: 8426: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8366: 8364: 8360: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8310: 8308: 8306: 8302: 8298: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8254: 8250: 8244: 8243:Central India 8241: 8239: 8236: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8223: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8205: 8202: 8201: 8200: 8197: 8196: 8194: 8192: 8188: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8169:Indo-Gangetic 8167: 8166: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8076: 8074: 8072: 8068: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8038: 8036: 8032: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8012: 8010: 8008: 8004: 8000: 7993: 7988: 7986: 7981: 7979: 7974: 7973: 7970: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7950:Central India 7948: 7946: 7945:Western India 7943: 7942: 7939: 7932: 7930: 7929: 7926: 7923: 7915: 7906: 7903: 7899: 7895: 7890: 7887: 7886: 7883: 7876: 7874: 7873: 7869: 7865: 7861: 7856: 7853: 7850: 7845: 7842: 7839: 7834: 7831: 7830: 7825: 7816: 7811: 7809: 7804: 7802: 7797: 7796: 7793: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7773: 7764: 7758: 7754: 7750: 7749: 7744: 7740: 7737: 7731: 7727: 7723: 7722: 7717: 7713: 7710: 7704: 7700: 7696: 7695: 7690: 7686: 7682: 7679: 7673: 7669: 7665: 7660: 7657: 7651: 7647: 7643: 7638: 7637: 7616: 7612: 7606: 7591: 7587: 7580: 7565: 7561: 7554: 7538: 7534: 7528: 7512: 7508: 7507:Business Line 7504: 7497: 7481: 7475: 7468: 7467:0-7619-3519-3 7464: 7458: 7451: 7450:0-8039-9495-8 7447: 7441: 7434: 7433:0-8133-7505-3 7430: 7424: 7415: 7408: 7407:0-7100-0755-8 7404: 7398: 7392: 7388: 7383: 7376: 7371: 7356: 7352: 7346: 7330: 7326: 7320: 7305: 7298: 7282: 7278: 7272: 7257: 7253: 7247: 7240: 7239: 7234: 7233: 7225: 7209: 7205: 7199: 7190: 7184: 7182: 7176: 7175:90-04-09264-1 7172: 7166: 7160: 7156: 7155:90-04-03419-6 7152: 7146: 7137: 7131: 7127: 7126:81-7387-112-4 7123: 7117: 7108: 7099: 7097: 7089: 7088:979-8764-15-3 7085: 7079: 7064: 7062:9788123005898 7058: 7054: 7053: 7045: 7026: 7019: 7013: 7011: 7001: 6992: 6983: 6977: 6976:9788176487863 6973: 6969: 6964: 6958: 6954: 6953:9788180280160 6950: 6946: 6942: 6937: 6931: 6927: 6926:9780520066908 6923: 6919: 6914: 6908: 6904: 6903:9788189611859 6900: 6896: 6891: 6884: 6883: 6876: 6866: 6859: 6858:3-540-40610-7 6855: 6849: 6847: 6830: 6824: 6815: 6808: 6807:81-210-0245-1 6804: 6798: 6791: 6787: 6785:9780916890865 6781: 6777: 6776: 6768: 6761: 6757: 6755:9788173870866 6751: 6747: 6746: 6738: 6731: 6730:1-74059-421-5 6727: 6721: 6713: 6709: 6703: 6696: 6692: 6686: 6682: 6681: 6673: 6667: 6665: 6658: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6640: 6636: 6632: 6628: 6624: 6617: 6601: 6595: 6588: 6583: 6576: 6571: 6569: 6561: 6556: 6549: 6544: 6537: 6532: 6525: 6520: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6503: 6498: 6492: 6484: 6477: 6471: 6456: 6452: 6446: 6439: 6434: 6427: 6422: 6415: 6410: 6403: 6398: 6391: 6386: 6380:, p. 97. 6379: 6374: 6372: 6364: 6359: 6357: 6349: 6344: 6336: 6330: 6325: 6318: 6313: 6306: 6301: 6293: 6287: 6282: 6274: 6268: 6263: 6255: 6249: 6244: 6237: 6232: 6225: 6220: 6212: 6206: 6201: 6194: 6189: 6181: 6176:, p. 50. 6175: 6170: 6162: 6157:, p. 83. 6156: 6151: 6144: 6139: 6131: 6125: 6120: 6113: 6108: 6101: 6096: 6089: 6084: 6077: 6072: 6064: 6058: 6053: 6046: 6041: 6034: 6029: 6027: 6019: 6014: 6007: 6002: 6000: 5992: 5987: 5980: 5975: 5968: 5963: 5956: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5940:, p. 17. 5939: 5934: 5932: 5923: 5917: 5912: 5905: 5900: 5893: 5888: 5880: 5875:, p. 80. 5874: 5869: 5863:, p. 53. 5862: 5857: 5850: 5845: 5839:, p. 67. 5838: 5833: 5826: 5821: 5815:, p. 47. 5814: 5809: 5803:, p. 68. 5802: 5797: 5790: 5785: 5783: 5775: 5770: 5768: 5760: 5755: 5753: 5745: 5740: 5738: 5730: 5725: 5723: 5715: 5710: 5708: 5700: 5695: 5688: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5670: 5664: 5659: 5651: 5646:, p. 63. 5645: 5640: 5633: 5628: 5621: 5616: 5609: 5604: 5597: 5592: 5586:, p. 21. 5585: 5580: 5572: 5566: 5561: 5554: 5549: 5541: 5535: 5530: 5523: 5518: 5510: 5504: 5499: 5492: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5474: 5468: 5463: 5456: 5451: 5443: 5437: 5432: 5425: 5420: 5418: 5409: 5403: 5398: 5390: 5384: 5379: 5377: 5368: 5362: 5357: 5353: 5348: 5341: 5337: 5331: 5326: 5322: 5317: 5308: 5303: 5299: 5294: 5292: 5284: 5279: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5264: 5256: 5240: 5236: 5230: 5223: 5218: 5212: 5209:. Routledge. 5208: 5201: 5186: 5180: 5174: 5170: 5169:0-8493-2842-X 5166: 5160: 5144: 5140: 5134: 5127: 5115: 5114:Deccan Herald 5111: 5105: 5103: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5080: 5074: 5068: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5032: 5030: 5024: 5020: 5013: 5011: 5002: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4986: 4980: 4972: 4966: 4962: 4961: 4953: 4937: 4933: 4927: 4925: 4909: 4902: 4896: 4894: 4878: 4872: 4870: 4862: 4858: 4851: 4845: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4824: 4817: 4812: 4808: 4802: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4781: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4760: 4745: 4743: 4738: 4731: 4729: 4713: 4712: 4707: 4700: 4698: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4667: 4665: 4649:. 22 May 2016 4648: 4647: 4642: 4636: 4634: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4605: 4603: 4586: 4585: 4580: 4574: 4572: 4555: 4554: 4549: 4543: 4541: 4525: 4521: 4515: 4513: 4505: 4501: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4480: 4474: 4472: 4467: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4438: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4419:Chole bhature 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4401: 4400: 4387: 4384: 4379: 4377: 4372: 4370: 4369:Harit Pradesh 4365: 4361: 4355: 4345: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4283: 4279: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3972:CT University 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3889: 3887: 3879: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3781:Golden Temple 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3733: 3729: 3724: 3715: 3713: 3712:Golden Temple 3709: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3615: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3542:Temple, Delhi 3541: 3537: 3528: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3512: 3508: 3507:Project Tiger 3504: 3500: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3463: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3380: 3376: 3368: 3362: 3358: 3354: 3346: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3259: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3185:golden jackal 3182: 3181:striped hyena 3178: 3174: 3170: 3169:rhesus monkey 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3105: 3103: 3102:dwarf willows 3099: 3095: 3094:rhododendrons 3091: 3087: 3083: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3021: 3014: 3009: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2946: 2944:and angarkha. 2943: 2942:Himachali cap 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2884:Uttar Pradesh 2882: 2881: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2858: 2857: 2854: 2850: 2849: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2835: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2813: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2794: 2784: 2782: 2775: 2770: 2761: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2738: 2736: 2733:is spoken in 2732: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2691: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2672: 2671:Uttar Pradesh 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2607: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2543: 2541: 2540:chillai khurd 2537: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2480: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2439:Precipitation 2436: 2434: 2430: 2427:, Rajasthan. 2426: 2422: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2403: 2394: 2385: 2376: 2367: 2358: 2349: 2340: 2335: 2326: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2313: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2276: 2272: 2267: 2258: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2211: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2165: 2161: 2155: 2143: 2134: 2132: 2126: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2111:Indian Empire 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2090:unitary state 2087: 2086:British Crown 2083: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2066: 2060: 2050: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2027: 2025: 2021: 2016: 2012: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1986: 1978: 1974: 1967: 1958: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1909: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1815: 1811: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1786: 1774: 1770: 1764: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1712: 1711: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1669: 1668:mahajanapadas 1662: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1624: 1620: 1619:Punjab region 1616: 1615:Vedic culture 1612: 1608: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1567: 1558: 300 BC 1554: 400 BC 1548: 1536: 1526: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1457:Uttar Pradesh 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1425:tropical zone 1422: 1418: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1401: 1386: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1367:Uttar Pradesh 1364: 1361:(part of the 1360: 1355: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1276: 1268: 1262: 1257: 1248: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1205:Golden Temple 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1150: 1148: 1147:Indian Empire 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1131:Mahajanapadas 1128: 1127:Vedic culture 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1091:Indo-Iranians 1088: 1084: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1061:Uttar Pradesh 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 989:Uttar Pradesh 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 953: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 814: 812: 810: 806: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 774:Chhattisgarhi 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 726: 724: 722: 718: 714: 710: 707: 705: 701: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 614:Chhattisgarhi 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 581: 573: 570: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 543: 539: 535: 530: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 470: 468: 461: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 430: 428: 426: 422: 416: 406: 404: 403:Uttar Pradesh 394: 392: 382: 380: 370: 368: 358: 356: 346: 344: 334: 332: 322: 320: 310: 308: 298: 296: 286: 284: 274: 272: 262: 260: 250: 248: 238: 237: 235: 233: 229: 223: 220: 218: 217:Central India 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 204: 202: 200: 196: 193: 182: 180: 176: 168: 162: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 136:Golden Temple 133: 129: 125: 114: 105: 94: 85: 74: 65: 54: 45: 35: 25: 19: 8614: 8455: 8253:Subdivisions 8198: 8025:Indian Plate 8015:Fossil Parks 7913: 7897: 7863: 7747: 7720: 7693: 7663: 7641: 7634:Bibliography 7619:. 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Retrieved 6455:Commonwealth 6454: 6445: 6433: 6421: 6409: 6397: 6385: 6343: 6324: 6312: 6300: 6286:Copland 2001 6281: 6262: 6243: 6231: 6219: 6200: 6188: 6169: 6150: 6138: 6119: 6107: 6095: 6083: 6071: 6052: 6040: 6013: 5986: 5974: 5962: 5911: 5899: 5887: 5868: 5856: 5844: 5832: 5827:, p. 6. 5820: 5808: 5796: 5694: 5658: 5639: 5627: 5615: 5603: 5591: 5579: 5560: 5548: 5529: 5517: 5498: 5462: 5450: 5438:, p. 2. 5436:Possehl 2003 5431: 5397: 5367:Homo sapiens 5366: 5347: 5340:Homo sapiens 5339: 5336:Homo sapiens 5335: 5316: 5281: 5262: 5255: 5243:. Retrieved 5229: 5220: 5206: 5200: 5188:. Retrieved 5179: 5172: 5159: 5147:. Retrieved 5143:the original 5133: 5125: 5118:. Retrieved 5093: 5079: 5072: 5067: 5055:. Retrieved 5047: 5038: 5028: 5026: 5018: 4989: 4979: 4959: 4952: 4940:. Retrieved 4936:the original 4911:. Retrieved 4907: 4880:. Retrieved 4860: 4856: 4844: 4836: 4832: 4823: 4814: 4810: 4801: 4793: 4789: 4780: 4772: 4768: 4759: 4747:. Retrieved 4740: 4715:. Retrieved 4709: 4684:. 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Retrieved 4523: 4503: 4485: 4479: 4424:Aloo paratha 4414:Kadai paneer 4409:Reshmi kabab 4398: 4380: 4373: 4357: 4207: 3885: 3882:Universities 3750: 3640:Vaishno Devi 3621: 3550: 3515: 3501: 3466: 3460: 3450: 3436: 3426: 3414:snow leopard 3408: 3394: 3384: 3373: 3352: 3260: 3205: 3121:snow leopard 3113:bengal tiger 3106: 3100:, birch and 3078:bhurja patra 3032:, Mahogany, 3023: 2906:Dogri suthan 2878: 2855: 2846: 2839:mythological 2834:bhand pather 2832: 2828: 2810: 2802: 2798: 2796: 2778: 2739: 2715: 2643:Christianity 2613: 2549: 2546:Demographics 2539: 2535: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2486: 2453:Indian Ocean 2442: 2418: 2407: 2324: 2310: 2279: 2219:Commonwealth 2212: 2172: 2127: 2062: 2053:Modern India 2028: 2008: 1943:architecture 1915: 1881: 1834: 1807: 1753:Medieval Era 1727:architecture 1715: 1708: 1689:renunciation 1666: 1663: 1645:), warriors 1639:caste system 1631:Chalcolithic 1604: 1583:Mohenjo-daro 1566:Homo sapiens 1564: 1562: 1508: 1504: 1498: 1485:Chhattisgarh 1463:and most of 1414: 1404: 1398: 1397: 1356: 1329: 1282: 1273: 1260: 1182:Vaishno Devi 1151: 1143:Mughal India 1113:through the 1099:Central Asia 1085: 997:Chhattisgarh 954: 886:geographical 881: 877: 876: 572:North Indian 259:Chhattisgarh 18: 8632:North India 8502:Bundelkhand 8456:North India 8301:Environment 8221:South India 8199:North India 7914:North India 7844:Afghanistan 7564:India Today 7517:10 November 7360:14 December 7309:14 December 7214:14 December 7068:14 December 6712:Weatherbase 6267:Sarkar 1983 6076:Ludden 2002 5837:Ludden 2002 5801:Ludden 2002 5467:Witzel 2003 5352:Fisher 2018 5245:11 December 5120:11 December 5090:India Today 4882:14 December 4446:South India 4371:movement). 4286:Bhubaneswar 3876:Paleolithic 3864:River Ganga 3708:Jama Masjid 3668:Jyotirlinga 3557:Thar desert 3551:The Indian 3489:sloth bears 3303:sarus crane 2981:Uttarakhand 2968:Sikh Dastar 2871:Jammu dress 2845:by India's 2807:folk dances 2675:West Bengal 2667:Uttarakhand 2515:), winter ( 2465:Caspian Sea 2290:Thar desert 2271:Thar desert 2179:Indian Army 1998:inscribed " 1884:swift-horse 1869:Philippines 1792:Qutub Minar 1747:mathematics 1543: 1650 1530:Ancient Era 1501:Maharashtra 1481:West Bengal 1453:Uttarakhand 1348:Uttarakhand 1245:interaction 1087:Indo-Aryans 1057:Uttarakhand 1021:West Bengal 1009:Maharashtra 973:Uttarakhand 950:Thar Desert 914:Thar Desert 902:Indo-Aryans 878:North India 553:912,030,836 415:West Bengal 391:Uttarakhand 331:Maharashtra 140:Thar Desert 28:North India 8621:Categories 8599:Shekhawati 8594:Rohilkhand 8589:Purvanchal 8477:Bagelkhand 8323:Biospheres 8318:Ecoregions 8238:West India 8216:East India 8159:Waterfalls 7955:East India 7849:Badakhshan 7751:, Oxford: 7543:18 October 7486:18 October 7177:. Snippet: 7157:. Snippet: 7128:. Snippet: 7034:21 October 6835:20 October 6606:20 October 6460:11 October 6348:Stein 1998 6329:Stein 2010 6317:Stein 1998 6224:Stein 1998 6205:Brown 1994 6174:Peers 2006 6155:Brown 1994 5979:Stein 1998 5892:Stein 1998 5789:Stein 1998 5774:Stein 1998 5759:Stein 1998 5744:Stein 1998 5729:Stein 1998 5714:Stein 1998 5699:Stein 1998 5687:Singh 2009 5632:Singh 2009 5620:Singh 2009 5608:Singh 2009 5596:Stein 1998 5584:Stein 1998 5553:Singh 2009 5522:Singh 2009 5491:Singh 2009 5455:Singh 2009 5424:Singh 2009 5354:, p. 5323:, p. 5321:Dyson 2018 5300:, p. 5149:21 October 4913:29 October 4462:References 4306:Jamshedpur 3856:Alamgirpur 3850:, such as 3845:Bronze Age 3718:Historical 3680:Kushinagar 3618:Pilgrimage 3540:Akshardham 3491:, sambar, 3476:barasingha 3256:bir bahuti 3230:. Various 3224:king cobra 3220:crocodiles 3197:sloth bear 3189:black bear 3177:jungle cat 3161:Indian fox 3060:, various 2791:See also: 2600:Dravidians 2552:Indo-Aryan 2191:nonviolent 2018:supplying 2000:William IV 1953:, and the 1699:under the 1647:Kshatriyas 1637:ones. The 1595:Kalibangan 1556: – c. 1379:Chandigarh 1297:Chandigarh 1225:Qutb Minar 1198:Kushinagar 1069:Chandigarh 1025:Chandigarh 900:) wherein 888:and broad 545:Population 433:Chandigarh 222:East India 212:West India 199:Subregions 132:India Gate 8507:Dardistan 8487:Baltistan 8276:Districts 8271:Divisions 8231:Southeast 8226:Southwest 8204:Northwest 8154:Volcanoes 8134:Mountains 8071:Landforms 7743:Stein, B. 7724:, Delhi: 7375:Taj Mahal 6895:Geography 6662:(direct: 6657:1027-5606 6483:ijrar.com 6248:Robb 2001 6124:Robb 2001 6057:Robb 2001 5916:Robb 2001 5873:Robb 2001 5190:15 August 4790:servdharm 4711:The Hindu 4646:The Hindu 4615:The Hindu 4584:Firstpost 4330:Raebareli 4250:Jalandhar 4234:Allahabad 4230:Kharagpur 3872:Bhimbetka 3833:Jageshwar 3753:Taj Mahal 3746:Rajasthan 3742:Amer Fort 3728:Taj Mahal 3704:Mahabodhi 3672:Bodh Gaya 3656:Vrindavan 3644:Rishikesh 3636:Char Dham 3632:Allahabad 3589:Mount Abu 3581:Mussoorie 3553:Himalayas 3422:musk deer 3307:hornbills 3291:parakeets 3275:pheasants 3248:silkworms 3244:honeybees 3157:wild boar 3153:porcupine 3145:blackbuck 3054:blue pine 2803:classical 2694:Languages 2669:, Bihar, 2655:Rajasthan 2651:New Delhi 2564:Kayasthas 2513:leaf-fall 2275:Rajasthan 2261:Geography 2253:and with 2241:; 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