477:
42:
303:
391:. Another term in the treaty was that Abbas Mirza was to become the indisputably legitimate heir to the Iranian throne. During the negotiations, Abol-Qasem had been determined to recover as much land as possibly, even agreeing to financially reimburse the Russians in order to keep Azerbaijan. The Iranian defeat changed Abol-Qasem's outlook on the Russians, as demonstrated in one of his
318:(died 1833), whose broad-minded and progressive outlook appealed to Abol-Qasem. Serving the crown prince with much loyalty and determination, Abol-Qasem accompanied Abbas Mirza in his wars and was the architect behind his attempted reforms. In 1823, Abol-Qasem played a part in negotiating a peace treaty with the
208:. After the death of his father, Abol-Qasem inherited his titles and offices. He accompanied Abbas Mirza in his wars and was the architect behind his attempted reforms. Abol-Qasem also engaged in the diplomatic affairs of Iran, being part of the negotiations that led to the
476:
544:
jurists from Iraq, includes an introduction where Abol-Qasem emphasized the importance of jihad. He argued that it was a collective religious duty to counter the "disorder brought by the
Russian nation within the Guarded Domain."
375:, took advantage of the situation by forcing his father to acknowledge him as the new crown prince, albeit this lasted briefly. This made Abbas Mirza and Abol-Qasem speed up the peace negotiations with Russia, leading to the
370:
The almost total annihilation of the
Iranian army and the taxing Russian demands caused further difficulties to Fath-Ali Shah and Abbas Mirza. Ali Mirza Shaja ol-Saltaneh, a son of Fath-Ali Shah and governor-general of
531:
developed a new political meaning during the Russo-Persian Wars, when it was adopted as a practical means of demanding the defense of
Iranian territory against foreign invasion. In Tabriz, a book compiled from a
418:
and later grand vizier. In 1833, Abbas Mirza died, which led to his eldest son
Mohammad Mirza being declared the new heir to the throne. In 1834, Abol-Qasem was assigned to lead the besiegement of the
449:. Abol-Qasem became the first grand vizier of Mohammad Shah, but he had already started to gain additional adversaries as well lose his influence. He was already disliked by the British and Russian
355:. He was eventually reinstated once again and assigned to negotiate a peace treaty with Russia, who had inflicted a crushing defeat on the Iranians during the war, occupying parts of the
453:
due to his opposition to foreign and domestic pressure, and by the Davalu faction of the Qajars for his policy of centralization. Through the instigation of
Mohammad Shah's tutor
395:, where he regrets the change of Iran's fortune. He had now acknowledged that it was no longer the Iranians who were the superior force in the region but the Russians.
457:(died 1849), the shah had Abol-Qasem strangled in the crypt of the Negarestan palace of Tehran on 26 June 1835. Aqasi was subsequently made the new grand vizier.
548:
In order to create prose that resembled a political slogan and acted as a encouragement to defend Iran, Abol-Qasem experimented with words that rhymed with
274:
in central Iran, a region notable for its high literacy and proficiency in statesmanship. From an early age, Abol-Qasem showed his skill in poetry, writing
989:
185:, was an Iranian official and prose writer, who played a central role in Iranian politics in the first half of the 19th century, as well as in
402:(the principal tutor or guardian) of one his favourite sons, Farrokh-Siyar Mirza. The Qajars had most likely been acquainted with this former
41:
1160:
1313:
1308:
287:"Qa'em-Maqam" (lit. adjutant or deputy) was a honorific title first received by Mirza Bozorg when he was appointed deputy of the
406:
office through statesman such as the Qa'em-Maqam family. The works of Abol-Qasem indicate that he saw the
Persian vizier of the
1298:
1211:
Amanat, Abbas (1993). ""Russian
Intrusion into the Guarded Domain": Reflections of a Qajar Statesman on European Expansion".
1126:
1025:
896:
17:
572:
Abol-Qasem is viewed in a positive light in both contemporary and modern historiography. The
Scottish traveler and writer
1182:
1254:
1148:
1099:
1075:
1006:
958:
937:
918:
1054:
352:
426:. After the death of Fath-Ali Shah later in the same year, Abol-Qasem assured Mohammad Mirza's (who became known as
1303:
1293:
1288:
1110:
1283:
509:
87:
586:(died 1968) calls him an "uncommonly intelligent young man", as well as "incorruptible, noble and loyal."
263:
197:
150:
433:
In order to secure
Mohammad Shah's accession, Abol-Qasem had five of his brothers jailed in the city of
1318:
1046:
983:
326:. Later in the same year, Abol-Qasem was compelled to retire due to suspicions of friendship with the
1165:
314:
After the death of his father in 1821, Abol-Qasem succeeded him as the minister of the crown prince
465:
880:
560:). This threat jeopardized not only the territorial integrity of the Qajars but also their honor (
593:(died 1852) entered government service through the patronage of Abol-Qasem, who had trained him.
528:
291:
1085:
419:
379:. Most of Russia's demands were accepted, which included the cession of the Iranian provinces
1035:
Hambly, Gavin R. G. (1991). "Iran during the reigns of Fath 'Alī Shāh and
Muhammad Shāh". In
974:
376:
307:
217:
498:("decrees") that the religious leaders of Iran had issued about the necessity of performing
1278:
1273:
573:
8:
427:
384:
347:) due to his opposition against a war with Russia. As a result, Abol-Qasem was exiled in
337:
330:. He was later restored to his former position in 1825, but soon fell out of favour with
323:
240:
209:
75:
1228:
186:
576:(died 1856) refers to him as "a true Persian diplomatist, acute and far-sighted". The
1250:
1246:
Iran at War: Interactions with the Modern World and the Struggle with Imperial Russia
1192:
1144:
1122:
1095:
1071:
1050:
1021:
1002:
954:
933:
914:
892:
372:
360:
1220:
969:
580:
485:
454:
270:
rulers and one of the leading statesmen under the Qajars. The family was native to
174:
99:
911:
Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831-1896
262:
to a family of bureaucrats. He was the son of Mirza Isa Farahani (better known as
1244:
1114:
1089:
1065:
1040:
948:
884:
442:
1042:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic
1240:
1177:
1173:
577:
515:
Abol-Qasem was a prominent prose-writer, with his most notable works being his
505:
388:
380:
327:
319:
271:
221:
213:
193:
1267:
1196:
1169:
438:
411:
407:
294:(died 1819) in 1809/10, which Abol-Qasem inherited after his father's death.
201:
906:
403:
288:
267:
228:
124:
1036:
315:
205:
590:
541:
232:
137:
54:
1232:
468:(died 1917), was a descendant of Abol-Qasem through both his parents.
1136:
1121:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 380–381.
891:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 959–963.
583:
1224:
450:
356:
281:
434:
348:
489:
364:
276:
259:
120:
999:
Iranian-Russian Encounters: Empires and Revolutions since 1800
302:
537:
533:
500:
494:
423:
889:
Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume III: Ātaš–Bayhaqī, Ẓahīr-al-Dīn
398:
In the same year, Fath-Ali Shah appointed Abol-Qasem as the
673:
671:
669:
332:
236:
710:
809:
1091:
Frontier Fictions: Shaping the Iranian Nation, 1804–1946
857:
845:
666:
1039:; Hambly, Gavin R. G.; Melville, Charles Peter (eds.).
761:
656:
654:
751:
749:
688:
686:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
734:
833:
821:
797:
785:
773:
722:
651:
639:
627:
1020:. Oxford & Carlton: Blackwell Publishing, Ltd.
746:
698:
683:
602:
1159:
1119:Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume I/5: Adat–Afghanistan
508:during their invasion of Iranian territory amidst
445:blinded due to suspicions of plotting against the
437:. A few months later, Abol-Qasem had the brothers
204:, who served as the minister of the crown prince
1265:
414:(died 1092) as his rolemodel during his term as
556:) to the Qajar domains was considered ominous (
460:The founder and editor of the weekly newspaper
950:Making and Remaking Empire in Early Qajar Iran
1084:
716:
589:The distinguished and progressive politician
258:Abol-Qasem was born in 1779 in the city of
200:(died 1821), a leading statesmen under the
1183:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1157:
1015:
988:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
677:
192:Belonging to a family of bureaucrats from
40:
1213:Journal of the American Oriental Society
567:
475:
301:
1239:
1063:
967:
851:
755:
14:
1266:
1210:
1108:
1034:
996:
946:
927:
905:
839:
827:
815:
791:
779:
767:
740:
728:
704:
692:
660:
645:
633:
1135:
878:
863:
803:
621:
484:("Treatise on holy war"). Written in
167:Mirza Abol-Qasem Qa'em-Maqam Farahani
1191:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 462.
181:; 1779 – 1835), also known as
178:
24:
1204:
471:
363:(including its provincial capital
25:
1330:
480:1817 manuscript of Qa'em-Maqam's
179:میرزا ابوالقاسم قائممقام فراهانی
27:Iranian official and prose writer
1314:19th-century Iranian politicians
540:, authored by two distinguished
1309:19th-century executions by Iran
1067:Modern Persian Prose Literature
1016:Garthwaite, Gene Ralph (2005).
997:Cronin, Stephanie, ed. (2013).
342:
310:by Karl Petrovich Beggrov, 1828
245:
1094:. Princeton University Press.
1070:. Cambridge University Press.
953:. Cambridge University Press.
552:. The threat posed by Russia (
353:Russo-Persian War of 1826–1828
13:
1:
1299:People executed by Qajar Iran
1141:History of Iranian Literature
596:
253:
266:), a former official of the
196:, Abol-Qasem was the son of
88:Abdollah Khan Amin ol-Dowleh
7:
430:) accession to the throne.
351:during the entirety of the
10:
1335:
1111:"Adīb-al-mamālek Farāhānī"
1047:Cambridge University Press
872:
492:, the book covers all the
1158:Zarrinkoob, A.H. (1978).
932:. Yale University Press.
160:
143:
130:
114:
109:
105:
93:
81:
71:
60:
52:
48:
39:
32:
1161:"Ḳāʾim-Maḳām-i Farāhānī"
1143:. Springer Netherlands.
1109:Rahman, Munibur (1983).
466:Adib al-Mamalek Farahani
264:Mirza Bozorg Qa'em-Maqam
198:Mirza Bozorg Qa'em-Maqam
151:Mirza Bozorg Qa'em-Maqam
1304:Politicians from Tehran
1294:Executed Iranian people
1289:Prime ministers of Iran
1086:Kashani-Sabet, Firoozeh
529:Guarded Domains of Iran
504:(holy war) against the
297:
292:Mirza Shafi Mazandarani
978:. London and New York.
968:Calmard, Jean (2004).
947:Ashraf, Assef (2024).
930:Iran: A Modern History
928:Amanat, Abbas (2017).
512:
311:
134:26 June 1835 (aged 56)
34:Abol-Qasem Qa'em-Maqam
975:Encyclopaedia Iranica
970:"Moḥammad Shah Qājār"
568:Legacy and assessment
527:. The concept of the
525:Monsha'at Qa'em-Maqam
479:
377:Treaty of Turkmenchay
308:Treaty of Turkmenchay
305:
250:) from 1834 to 1835.
218:Treaty of Turkmenchay
18:Ghaem Magham Farahani
1284:Executed politicians
1064:Kamshad, H. (2011).
1049:. pp. 144–173.
574:James Baillie Fraser
866:, pp. 959–963.
818:, pp. 380–381.
428:Mohammad Shah Qajar
338:Fath-Ali Shah Qajar
241:Mohammad Shah Qajar
76:Mohammad Shah Qajar
879:Algar, H. (1989).
717:Kashani-Sabet 2014
513:
312:
187:Persian literature
53:Prime Minister of
1319:Iranian diplomats
1128:978-0-71009-094-2
1027:978-1-55786-860-2
984:cite encyclopedia
898:978-0-71009-121-5
854:, pp. 13–14.
770:, pp. 31–32.
510:the 1804-1813 War
324:Treaty of Erzurum
322:, leading to the
227:He served as the
210:Treaty of Erzurum
164:
163:
16:(Redirected from
1326:
1260:
1236:
1200:
1163:
1154:
1132:
1115:Yarshater, Ehsan
1105:
1081:
1060:
1031:
1012:
993:
987:
979:
964:
943:
924:
902:
885:Yarshater, Ehsan
867:
861:
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
807:
801:
795:
789:
783:
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
690:
681:
675:
664:
658:
649:
643:
637:
631:
625:
619:
521:Shir Qa'em-Maqam
455:Haji Mirza Aqasi
346:
345: 1797–1834
344:
249:
248: 1834–1848
247:
180:
110:Personal details
100:Haji Mirza Aqasi
96:
84:
65:
44:
30:
29:
21:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1249:. I.B. Tauris.
1241:Behrooz, Maziar
1207:
1205:Further reading
1178:Bosworth, C. E.
1151:
1129:
1102:
1078:
1057:
1028:
1009:
981:
980:
961:
940:
921:
899:
875:
870:
862:
858:
850:
846:
838:
834:
826:
822:
814:
810:
802:
798:
790:
786:
778:
774:
766:
762:
754:
747:
739:
735:
727:
723:
715:
711:
703:
699:
691:
684:
678:Zarrinkoob 1978
676:
667:
659:
652:
644:
640:
632:
628:
620:
603:
599:
570:
488:and printed in
474:
472:Literary career
341:
306:Signing of the
300:
256:
244:
156:
135:
119:
94:
82:
66:
61:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1332:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1262:
1261:
1256:978-0755637379
1255:
1237:
1225:10.2307/604195
1206:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1166:van Donzel, E.
1155:
1150:978-9401034814
1149:
1133:
1127:
1106:
1101:978-1850432708
1100:
1082:
1077:978-0936347721
1076:
1061:
1055:
1032:
1026:
1013:
1008:978-0415624336
1007:
994:
965:
960:978-1009361552
959:
944:
939:978-0300112542
938:
925:
920:978-1845118280
919:
913:. I.B.Tauris.
903:
897:
874:
871:
869:
868:
856:
844:
832:
820:
808:
806:, p. 367.
796:
784:
772:
760:
745:
743:, p. 102.
733:
731:, p. 101.
721:
709:
697:
682:
680:, p. 462.
665:
663:, p. 152.
650:
648:, p. 184.
638:
636:, p. 188.
626:
624:, p. 335.
600:
598:
595:
569:
566:
473:
470:
443:Jahangir Mirza
328:Russian Empire
320:Ottoman Empire
299:
296:
255:
252:
183:Qa'em-Maqam II
169:(also spelled
162:
161:
158:
157:
155:
154:
147:
145:
141:
140:
132:
128:
127:
116:
112:
111:
107:
106:
103:
102:
97:
91:
90:
85:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
58:
57:
50:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1331:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1258:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1062:
1058:
1056:0-521-20095-4
1052:
1048:
1045:. Cambridge:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1004:
1001:. Routledge.
1000:
995:
991:
985:
977:
976:
971:
966:
962:
956:
952:
951:
945:
941:
935:
931:
926:
922:
916:
912:
908:
907:Amanat, Abbas
904:
900:
894:
890:
886:
882:
877:
876:
865:
860:
853:
848:
842:, p. 84.
841:
836:
830:, p. 83.
829:
824:
817:
812:
805:
800:
794:, p. 33.
793:
788:
782:, p. 32.
781:
776:
769:
764:
757:
752:
750:
742:
737:
730:
725:
719:, p. 22.
718:
713:
707:, p. 63.
706:
701:
695:, p. 22.
694:
689:
687:
679:
674:
672:
670:
662:
657:
655:
647:
642:
635:
630:
623:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
608:
606:
601:
594:
592:
587:
585:
582:
579:
575:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
543:
539:
535:
530:
526:
522:
518:
511:
507:
503:
502:
497:
496:
491:
487:
483:
478:
469:
467:
464:("Culture"),
463:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
439:Khosrow Mirza
436:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
416:atabak-e azam
413:
412:Nizam al-Mulk
409:
408:Seljuk Empire
405:
401:
400:atabak-e azam
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
339:
335:
334:
329:
325:
321:
317:
309:
304:
295:
293:
290:
285:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
251:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
188:
184:
176:
172:
168:
159:
152:
149:
148:
146:
142:
139:
133:
129:
126:
122:
117:
113:
108:
104:
101:
98:
92:
89:
86:
80:
77:
74:
70:
64:
59:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
1245:
1219:(1): 35–56.
1216:
1212:
1188:
1181:
1140:
1118:
1090:
1066:
1041:
1037:Avery, Peter
1018:The Persians
1017:
998:
973:
949:
929:
910:
888:
881:"Amīr Kabīr"
859:
852:Kamshad 2011
847:
835:
823:
811:
799:
787:
775:
763:
756:Calmard 2004
736:
724:
712:
700:
641:
629:
588:
571:
561:
557:
553:
549:
547:
524:
520:
516:
514:
499:
493:
481:
461:
459:
446:
432:
415:
399:
397:
392:
369:
359:and most of
331:
313:
289:grand vizier
286:
284:of Thana'i.
275:
257:
229:grand vizier
226:
191:
182:
170:
166:
165:
95:Succeeded by
62:
1279:1835 deaths
1274:1779 births
1174:Pellat, Ch.
840:Ashraf 2024
828:Ashraf 2024
816:Rahman 1983
792:Amanat 1997
780:Amanat 1997
768:Amanat 1997
741:Amanat 1997
729:Amanat 1997
705:Cronin 2013
693:Amanat 1997
661:Hambly 1991
646:Amanat 2017
634:Amanat 2017
581:orientalist
316:Abbas Mirza
206:Abbas Mirza
171:Qa'im Maqam
83:Preceded by
1268:Categories
1187:Volume IV:
1137:Rypka, Jan
864:Algar 1989
804:Rypka 1968
622:Rypka 1968
597:References
591:Amir Kabir
523:, and the
361:Azerbaijan
280:under the
254:Background
216:, and the
138:Qajar Iran
55:Qajar Iran
1197:758278456
1170:Lewis, B.
584:Jan Rypka
482:Jehadiyeh
451:legations
385:Nakhjavan
220:with the
212:with the
125:Zand Iran
67:1834–1835
63:In office
1243:(2023).
1189:Iran–Kha
1180:(eds.).
1139:(1968).
1088:(2014).
909:(1997).
506:Russians
422:city of
393:qasidehs
373:Khorasan
357:Caucasus
282:pen name
222:Russians
214:Ottomans
153:(father)
136:Tehran,
1117:(ed.).
887:(ed.).
873:Sources
486:Persian
435:Ardabil
404:Safavid
349:Mashhad
336:(king)
277:qasidas
272:Farahan
231:of the
194:Farahan
175:Persian
72:Monarch
1253:
1233:604195
1231:
1195:
1176:&
1147:
1125:
1098:
1074:
1053:
1024:
1005:
957:
936:
917:
895:
558:manhus
550:mahrus
495:fatwas
490:Tabriz
420:Afghan
389:Talesh
381:Iravan
365:Tabriz
260:Tehran
235:king (
202:Qajars
144:Parent
121:Tehran
1229:JSTOR
1164:. In
1113:. In
883:. In
578:Czech
562:namus
538:jihad
534:fatwa
517:divan
501:jehad
424:Herat
233:Qajar
1251:ISBN
1193:OCLC
1145:ISBN
1123:ISBN
1096:ISBN
1072:ISBN
1051:ISBN
1022:ISBN
1003:ISBN
990:link
955:ISBN
934:ISBN
915:ISBN
893:ISBN
542:Shia
462:Adab
447:shah
441:and
387:and
333:shah
298:Life
268:Zand
237:shah
131:Died
118:1779
115:Born
1221:doi
1217:113
564:).
554:Rus
536:on
367:).
1270::
1227:.
1215:.
1185:.
1172:;
1168:;
986:}}
982:{{
972:.
748:^
685:^
668:^
653:^
604:^
519:,
410:,
383:,
343:r.
246:r.
239:)
224:.
189:.
177::
173:;
123:,
1259:.
1235:.
1223::
1199:.
1153:.
1131:.
1104:.
1080:.
1059:.
1030:.
1011:.
992:)
963:.
942:.
923:.
901:.
758:.
340:(
243:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)