789:
610:
Polish-Soviet mixed commission. By the signed agreement, the Polish administration took over them on 4 October 1945. With the detailed demarcation of the western border, it turned out that in many places it was absurd. The statement of the
Potsdam conference that the border should run "directly" west of Świnoujście was put into action so literally that even the water intake for the city of Świnoujście was left abroad. This situation meant that over the years corrections were made to the previously set border route. It was already established in September 1945 that Poland would depart from the German side of
683:
780:
251:
176:
355:
364:
526:
50:
61:
661:
road. In 1949, however, the border was adjusted at the height of the intersection and the Links-Neu
Lienken-Buk road. It was agreed that the entire intersection in Nowe Linky would go to the side of the German Democratic Republic, in exchange for a narrow strip of land lying directly on the west side
678:
agreed to the transfer of a water intake to Poland, located at Lake
Wolgastsee. In June of the following year, an area of 76.5 ha (together with a water treatment plant) was incorporated into Poland, creating a characteristic promontory protruding into the German area. In return, a similarly sized
734:
from 1971 to 1980 when Poles and East
Germans could cross it without a passport or a visa; it was however closed again after a few years, due to economic pressure on the East German economy from Polish shoppers and the desire of the East German government to diminish the influence of the Polish
609:
An urgent issue in the west was the delineation of a border section from Świnoujście to
Gryfino in the terrain. Until autumn 1945, these areas, except Szczecin, were not yet included in the Polish administration. This section of the border was delineated in September and October 1945 by the
258:
Between the 11th and 14th centuries, the German-Polish border moved west or east in various sections at various times. In the early 14th century there were significant shifts of the borders to the east and west in various sections, as a result of which
662:
of the road from Nowe Linki to Buk. In
January 1951, an act was drawn up to delineate the border between the Polish People's Republic and the German Democratic Republic, confirming the Polish administration of the islands between the Western Oder and
283:, however, several decades later both territories were lost by the aforementioned principalities and the border stabilized, in a more eastern course than at present, although the southern section formed not a German-Polish border, but a
334:). The shape of that border roughly resembled that of pre-partition Poland. Germany repeatedly contested the interwar border and even Poland's existence itself, as stated by Chief of the German Army
29:
1982:
1583:
2023:
758:. For a period, it was "the most heavily policed border in Europe". After Poland joined the European Union in 2004, the border controls were relaxed in agreement with the
963:
766:
controls by 2007. The modern borderlands of Poland and
Germany are inhabited by about one million of those countries' citizens within the counties on each side.
552:". It roughly matched the centuries-old, historical border between the Medieval Polish and German states. It divided several river cities into two parts –
510:
would remain German. Just before the final protocol was signed, Soviet diplomats made one more amendment according to which the border was to run "west of
1907:
2028:
1849:
537:
422:, the United States, and the United Kingdom, at the Soviets' insistence, and, without any significant consultations with Poland (or Germany), at the
611:
788:
545:
1125:
1934:
679:
area north of
Mescherin, including the village of Staffelde (Polish: Staw), was transferred from Poland to the German Democratic Republic.
2061:
1507:
1882:
Bjork, Jim (2014). "Church Fights: Nationality, Class, and the
Politics of Church-Building in a German-Polish Borderland, 1890–1914".
314:, a long German-Polish border was settled on, 1,912 km (1,188 mi) long (including a 607 km (377 mi) border with
2163:
2148:
2085:
1072:
Sadowski, Aleksander Marek (2022). "Sachsen und Polen – Tausend Jahre
Nachbarschaft / Polska i Saksonia – tysiąc lat sąsiedztwa".
2153:
2158:
1891:
1833:
1806:
1779:
1749:
1722:
1692:
1635:
1608:
1567:
1540:
1491:
1464:
1434:
1404:
1352:
1325:
1299:
1272:
1242:
1212:
1182:
1056:
1029:
999:
2168:
434:, replied to Mikołajczyk's question about the western border of Poland that "it should be based on the Oder River". At the
2178:
654:
630:
215:, although not necessarily yet a border with Germany, as present-day north-eastern Germany was still inhabited by Slavic
2143:
303:
227:, the Polish western border reached further west than the present one, and Poland bordered the German-ruled marches of
219:
tribes, and German conquests and sovereignty over the tribes were periodic and intermittent. Under first Polish rulers
1967:
1662:
235:
in the southern section of the western border, while the northern section marked the border with the Slavic Lechitic
2095:
1927:
937:
2183:
2054:
942:
736:
723:
114:
2208:
1997:
1987:
1139:
Knoll, Paul W. (1967). "The stabilization of the Polish Western frontier under Casimir the Great, 1333-1370".
323:
922:
1857:
1532:
Ethnic Cleansing and the European Union: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Security, Memory and Ethnography
2198:
2173:
2105:
1920:
1368:
751:
699:
541:
284:
2203:
2115:
2089:
2047:
1972:
1962:
1957:
487:
268:
184:
2120:
2081:
1977:
2110:
327:
968:. Mały Rocznik Statystyczny (in Polish and English). GŁÓWNY URZĄD STATYSTYCZNY. 2013. p. 26.
702:
and the German Democratic Republic on the demarcation of the existing Polish-German border on the
881:
715:
180:
110:
224:
638:
415:
1823:
1796:
1769:
1739:
1712:
1682:
1652:
1625:
1598:
1557:
1481:
1454:
1424:
1394:
1342:
1232:
1202:
1172:
1046:
1019:
682:
1530:
1315:
1289:
1262:
549:
232:
2193:
1097:
Chronik der Stadt Senftenberg und der zum ehemaligen Amte Senftenberg gehörigen Ortschaften
747:
719:
703:
403:
319:
311:
288:
208:
156:
144:
834:
592:
530:
8:
2018:
743:
707:
603:
287:-Polish border until the 1740s. The border disappeared in the late 18th century with the
236:
199:
Germany–Poland border traces its origins to the beginnings of the Polish state, with the
105:
853:
1943:
1148:
1119:
927:
759:
634:
486:. On July 24, for the only time in history, the communist Bierut and the oppositionist
431:
427:
339:
331:
292:
250:
2070:
1887:
1829:
1802:
1775:
1745:
1718:
1688:
1658:
1631:
1604:
1563:
1536:
1487:
1460:
1430:
1400:
1348:
1321:
1295:
1268:
1238:
1208:
1178:
1077:
1052:
1025:
995:
969:
962:"WARUNKI NATURALNE I OCHRONA ŚRODOWISKA (ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION)".
620:
616:
240:
779:
1340:
965:
MAŁY ROCZNIK STATYSTYCZNY POLSKI 2013 (CONCISE STATISTICAL YEARBOOK OF POLAND 2013)
932:
844:
814:
801:
797:
569:
511:
435:
423:
383:
244:
228:
211:) being one of the earliest natural boundaries of the early Polish state under the
175:
2188:
989:
867:
829:
691:
335:
204:
136:
128:
1684:
The Political Economy of Divided Islands: Unified Geographies, Multiple Polities
507:
1559:
Imagined, Negotiated, Remembered: Constructing European Borders and Borderlands
755:
499:
495:
395:
391:
280:
192:
164:
667:
2137:
1341:
Manfred F. Boemeke; Gerald D. Feldman; Elisabeth Gläser (13 September 1998).
1081:
973:
858:
565:
467:
414:(Nysa) rivers through most of their course. This was agreed upon by the main
354:
296:
212:
1798:
Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life
658:
363:
1908:
List of former border crossings on Polish-German border on Polish Knowledge
1765:
876:
711:
675:
581:
443:
419:
379:
343:
315:
28:
642:
525:
503:
159:, with a total length of 467 km (290 mi). It stretches from the
2013:
1426:
An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996
819:
731:
596:
483:
307:
272:
188:
1152:
872:
577:
519:
387:
160:
891:
848:
698:
On 6 June 1950 a declaration was signed between the government of the
646:
573:
553:
475:
1912:
1291:
Genocides by the Oppressed: Subaltern Genocide in Theory and Practice
905:
895:
727:
557:
455:
295:, annexed all of its territories. In 1871 Prussia became part of the
264:
220:
2039:
1508:"Historia linii Curzona: Jak Stalin został obrońcą sprawy polskiej?"
886:
459:
451:
763:
663:
515:
463:
442:, the leaders of the powers decided to hand over to Poland part of
216:
260:
1596:
1044:
900:
671:
650:
626:
479:
447:
152:
55:
1555:
1483:
National and European Foreign Policies: Towards Europeanization
910:
600:
588:
411:
399:
276:
148:
66:
1627:
Germany: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present
862:
839:
824:
561:
471:
439:
1287:
706:. After the initial agreement, both countries concluded the
1771:
Communism Unwrapped: Consumption in Cold War Eastern Europe
1479:
991:
The Oder-Neisse Line: a reappraisal under international law
687:
491:
407:
200:
1038:
1076:(in German and Polish). No. 5. Ostritz. p. 36.
1854:
Presseurop.eu: European news, cartoons and press reviews
1549:
1344:
The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment After 75 Years
1045:
Wim Blockmans; Peter Hoppenbrouwers (3 February 2014).
1714:
Borders and Border Regions in Europe and North America
750:, the border became part of the eastern border of the
183:
of then-fragmented Poland. Territories annexed by the
239:. Polish victories against invading German forces at
544:, and resulted in significant westward transfers of
1825:
Nation Shapes: The Story Behind the World's Borders
1680:
1623:
1396:
Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe: Fourth Edition
247:(1017) secured the early western border of Poland.
1850:"Freedom of movement: Schengen is the real Europe"
1774:. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 377–385.
1764:
1676:
1674:
1603:. Britanncia Educational Publishing. p. 193.
1334:
1264:Small Nations in Times of Crisis and Confrontation
800:is the largest border city on the German side and
1758:
1597:Britannica Educational Publishing (1 June 2013).
1448:
1446:
1226:
1224:
987:
2135:
1741:Regions in Central Europe: The Legacy of History
1459:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 398–399.
1452:
1237:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 419–421.
1230:
1821:
1671:
1480:Reuben Wong; Christopher Hill (27 April 2012).
1392:
1281:
1744:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 244.
1706:
1704:
1650:
1590:
1443:
1422:
1221:
726:of 1990. It was subject to minor corrections (
2055:
1928:
1794:
1617:
1418:
1416:
1260:
1204:Heart of Europe: The Past in Poland's Present
1200:
1196:
1194:
804:is the largest border city on the Polish side
536:This border was a compensation to Poland for
529:Boundary stones of Germany and Poland in the
291:, in which Poland's neighbors, including the
1717:. SCERP and IRSC publications. p. 178.
1710:
1657:. Brookings Institution Press. p. 147.
1473:
1256:
1254:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1886:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 192–213.
1815:
1788:
1701:
1528:
1429:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 543.
1347:. Cambridge University Press. p. 334.
1177:. Cambridge University Press. p. 285.
1109:
2062:
2048:
1935:
1921:
1737:
1644:
1556:Kimmo Katajala; Maria Lähteenmäki (2012).
1522:
1413:
1191:
1124:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
769:
674:. In November 1950, the government of the
318:). The border was partially shaped by the
27:
1731:
1456:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945
1251:
1234:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945
1159:
1021:Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996
1008:
981:
1687:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 142–143.
1681:Godfrey Baldacchino (21 February 2013).
1294:. Indiana University Press. p. 75.
1207:. Oxford University Press. p. 216.
1071:
1048:Introduction to Medieval Europe 300–1500
681:
524:
249:
174:
1884:Borderlands in World History, 1700–1914
1288:Nicholas A. Robins; Adam Jones (2009).
994:. East European Monographs. p. 6.
490:spoke with one voice, fighting for the
338:already in 1922, and it was the German
2136:
1942:
1624:Joseph A. Biesinger (1 January 2006).
1600:Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland
398:) border with Poland and Germany near
2069:
2043:
1916:
1881:
1801:. Taylor & Francis. p. 193.
1486:. Taylor & Francis. p. 323.
1386:
1138:
1114:(in Polish). Petersburg. p. 142.
686:The modern border mostly follows the
514:". Like a trifle, but thanks to this
179:19th-century map of the 13th-century
133:Grenze zwischen Deutschland und Polen
1630:. Infobase Publishing. p. 615.
538:territories lost to the Soviet Union
1562:. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 204.
1094:
254:History of border changes of Poland
13:
1875:
1768:; Mary Neuburger (8 August 2012).
1654:The New Germany and the New Europe
1535:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 47.
955:
372:German and Polish boundary markers
330:, the former also affected by the
14:
2220:
1901:
1822:Fred M. Shelley (23 April 2013).
1423:John E. Jessup (1 January 1998).
1261:Yohanan Cohen (1 February 2012).
1099:(in German). Dresden. p. 67.
1174:The History of Poland Since 1863
1018:Piotr Wróbel (27 January 2014).
938:Territorial evolution of Germany
787:
778:
362:
353:
59:
48:
2164:1945 in international relations
2149:European Union internal borders
1842:
1711:Paul Ganster (1 January 1997).
1576:
1500:
1361:
1308:
943:Territorial evolution of Poland
746:in Poland and Germany, and the
710:. The border was recognized by
2154:1945 establishments in Germany
1584:"Oznakowanie granic 1945-1990"
1320:. ABC-CLIO. 2005. p. 25.
1267:. SUNY Press. pp. 61–62.
1132:
1103:
1088:
1065:
587:It also divided the island of
322:and partially by plebiscites (
187:from Poland marked in yellow (
1:
2159:1945 establishments in Poland
1738:Sven Tägil (1 January 1999).
1399:. Hoover Press. p. 185.
1201:Norman Davies (31 May 2001).
1110:Bogusławski, Wilhelm (1861).
948:
730:) in 1951. The borders were
498:line. Churchill insisted on
382:, the border was drawn from
304:Poland regained independence
76:467 kilometres (290 mi)
7:
2169:West Pomeranian Voivodeship
1828:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 104–.
1529:Lynn Tesser (14 May 2013).
1112:Rys dziejów serbo-łużyckich
916:
752:European Economic Community
724:German–Polish Border Treaty
597:Muskau Park/Park Mużakowski
279:passed to the Polish-ruled
115:German–Polish Border Treaty
10:
2225:
2179:Lower Silesian Voivodeship
2086:2021–present border crisis
2024:German-Czechoslovak border
1051:. Routledge. p. 166.
1024:. Routledge. p. 214.
988:Phillip A. Bühler (1990).
676:German Democratic Republic
430:. Soviet foreign minister
269:Margraviate of Brandenburg
191:) and green (northwestern
185:Margraviate of Brandenburg
170:
2077:
2006:
1950:
1453:Jerzy Jan Lerski (1996).
1231:Jerzy Jan Lerski (1996).
1095:Paulitz, Johann Gottlob.
267:fell to the German-ruled
101:
93:
85:
80:
72:
43:
38:
26:
21:
1510:. FOCUS.pl. 27 July 2013
923:Germany–Poland relations
700:Polish People's Republic
540:as a consequence of the
324:East Prussian plebiscite
141:Granica polsko-niemiecka
1651:Paul B. Stares (1992).
978:(Downloadable pdf file)
882:Rothenburg, Oberlausitz
770:Border cities and towns
542:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
518:got free access to the
181:Duchy of Greater Poland
111:Treaty of Warsaw (1970)
2184:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
1795:Torin Monahan (2006).
695:
533:
416:Allies of World War II
255:
196:
140:
132:
2209:International borders
2144:Germany–Poland border
1393:Richard Felix Staar.
1171:R. F. Leslie (1980).
810:From north to south:
685:
550:Recovered Territories
528:
488:Stanisław Mikołajczyk
342:in 1939 that started
310:and the 123 years of
253:
178:
125:Germany–Poland border
33:Germany–Poland border
22:Germany–Poland border
2029:German-Soviet Border
1369:"Poland and Germany"
748:German reunification
506:with its region and
386:in the north at the
320:Treaty of Versailles
289:partitions of Poland
225:Bolesław I the Brave
163:in the north to the
16:International border
2019:Inner German border
754:, then that of the
737:Solidarity movement
708:Treaty of Zgorzelec
604:World Heritage Site
502:, which meant that
328:Silesian plebiscite
237:Lutician federation
207:(Nysa) rivers (the
155:, mostly along the
106:Treaty of Zgorzelec
2199:Borders of Germany
2174:Lubusz Voivodeship
1944:Borders of Germany
928:General Government
760:Schengen Agreement
696:
534:
432:Vyacheslav Molotov
428:Potsdam Conference
340:invasion of Poland
332:Silesian Uprisings
293:Kingdom of Prussia
256:
197:
94:Current shape
2204:Borders of Poland
2129:
2128:
2071:Borders of Poland
2037:
2036:
1893:978-1-137-32058-2
1835:978-1-61069-106-2
1808:978-0-415-95393-1
1781:978-0-19-982766-4
1751:978-1-85065-552-7
1724:978-0-925613-23-3
1694:978-1-137-02313-1
1637:978-0-8160-7471-6
1610:978-1-61530-991-7
1569:978-3-643-90257-3
1542:978-1-137-30877-1
1493:978-1-136-71925-7
1466:978-0-313-26007-0
1436:978-0-313-28112-9
1406:978-0-8179-7693-4
1354:978-0-521-62132-8
1327:978-1-57607-800-6
1301:978-0-253-22077-6
1274:978-0-7914-9938-2
1244:978-0-313-26007-0
1214:978-0-19-164713-0
1184:978-0-521-27501-9
1141:The Polish Review
1058:978-1-317-93425-7
1031:978-1-135-92694-6
1001:978-0-88033-174-6
835:Kostrzyn nad Odrą
744:fall of communism
739:on East Germany.
722:, in 1990 in the
720:reunified Germany
593:Ueckermünde Heath
546:German population
531:Ueckermünde Heath
402:. It follows the
390:southward to the
121:
120:
2216:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2041:
2040:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1914:
1913:
1897:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1856:. Archived from
1846:
1840:
1839:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1594:
1588:
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1574:
1573:
1553:
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1526:
1520:
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1420:
1411:
1410:
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1383:
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1358:
1338:
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1198:
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1156:
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1129:
1123:
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1101:
1100:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1015:
1006:
1005:
985:
979:
977:
959:
933:German partition
854:Eisenhüttenstadt
845:Frankfurt (Oder)
798:Frankfurt (Oder)
791:
782:
716:Treaty of Warsaw
704:Oder–Neisse line
629:in exchange for
624:
570:Frankfurt (Oder)
424:Yalta Conference
404:Oder–Neisse line
366:
357:
209:Oder–Neisse line
157:Oder–Neisse line
65:
63:
62:
54:
52:
51:
31:
19:
18:
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2223:
2219:
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2217:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2125:
2073:
2068:
2038:
2033:
2002:
1946:
1941:
1904:
1894:
1878:
1876:Further reading
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1414:
1407:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1373:The Irish Times
1367:
1366:
1362:
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712:West Germany
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508:Jelenia Góra
466:, Lower and
444:East Prussia
420:Soviet Union
380:World War II
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344:World War II
316:East Prussia
301:
257:
198:
124:
122:
2194:Brandenburg
2014:Berlin Wall
1998:Switzerland
1988:Netherlands
1147:(4): 3–29.
820:Nowe Warpno
815:Świnoujście
802:Świnoujście
670:) south of
668:Międzyodrze
615: [
512:Świnoujście
484:Lubusz Land
410:(Odra) and
384:Świnoujście
308:World War I
273:Senftenberg
203:(Odra) and
189:Lubusz Land
97:22 May 1989
86:Established
2138:Categories
1983:Luxembourg
1864:2014-05-15
949:References
873:Bad Muskau
728:land swaps
659:Kołbaskowo
578:Bad Muskau
548:from the "
520:Baltic Sea
388:Baltic Sea
312:partitions
306:following
243:(972) and
161:Baltic Sea
2106:Lithuania
1378:8 October
1120:cite book
1082:2701-6285
974:1640-3630
906:Bogatynia
896:Zgorzelec
718:, and by
643:Barnisław
558:Zgorzelec
504:Wałbrzych
456:Pomerania
265:Czaplinek
221:Mieszko I
2116:Slovakia
2007:Historic
1153:25776735
917:See also
764:passport
664:Regalica
653:and the
599:, now a
595:and the
516:Szczecin
464:Szczecin
326:and the
285:Bohemian
217:Lechitic
147:between
102:Treaties
44:Entities
2121:Ukraine
2101:Germany
2090:Barrier
2082:Belarus
1973:Denmark
1963:Belgium
1958:Austria
1951:Present
1514:6 April
1074:Polonus
901:Ostritz
892:Görlitz
877:Łęknica
849:Słubice
672:Gryfino
651:Pargowo
647:Rosówek
639:Bobolin
627:Altwarp
582:Łęknica
574:Słubice
554:Görlitz
480:Gliwice
476:Wrocław
448:Olsztyn
406:of the
245:Niemcza
241:Cedynia
233:Meissen
229:Lusatia
171:History
153:Germany
81:History
56:Germany
2189:Saxony
2111:Russia
1993:Poland
1978:France
1890:
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911:Zittau
887:Pieńsk
694:rivers
655:Stobno
631:Stolec
601:UNESCO
591:, the
460:Gdańsk
452:Elbląg
436:summit
418:– the
412:Neisse
400:Zittau
378:After
302:After
277:Zittau
271:, and
149:Poland
145:border
137:Polish
129:German
117:(1990)
108:(1950)
73:Length
67:Poland
64:
53:
1149:JSTOR
863:Guben
859:Gubin
840:Lebus
825:Gartz
623:]
612:Rieth
566:Gubin
562:Guben
472:Opole
470:with
458:with
446:with
440:Yalta
261:Wałcz
1888:ISBN
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1632:ISBN
1605:ISBN
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1537:ISBN
1516:2020
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1431:ISBN
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1380:2023
1349:ISBN
1322:ISBN
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1269:ISBN
1239:ISBN
1209:ISBN
1179:ISBN
1126:link
1078:ISSN
1053:ISBN
1026:ISBN
996:ISBN
970:ISSN
894:and
875:and
861:and
847:and
690:and
688:Oder
625:and
494:and
492:Oder
478:and
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426:and
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275:and
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