613:
481:
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346:
63:
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and
Moncastro near Odesa. The fall of the eastern colonies caused a deep economical crisis which eventually turned into an unstoppable decline for the Republic of Genoa as a major European power. It thus moved its interests in the western Mediterranean, establishing flourishing communities in
1172:"Italia settentrionale e centrale nel progetto coloniale genovese sul Mar Nero: gente di Padania e Toscana a Caffa genovese nei secoli XIII – XV secondo i dati delle Massariae Caffae ad annum 1423 e 1461. In: Studi veneziani. 2016. Vol. 73. P. 237-240. Khvalkov E."
389:
in the
Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea in second half of the 13th century. The Genoese presence was not based on military occupation, but on economic "concessions" of Genoese and Ligurian families associated with the local traders and dominant classes.
1089:
Khvalkov E. Italia settentrionale e centrale nel progetto coloniale genovese sul Mar Nero: gente di
Padania e Toscana a Caffa genovese nei secoli XIII – XV secondo i dati delle Massariae Caffae ad annum 1423 e 1461. In: Studi veneziani. Vol. LXXIII, 2016. -
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Khvalkov E. Trading
Diasporas in the Venetian and Genoese Trading Stations in Tana, 1430 – 1440. In: Union in Separation. Diasporic Groups and Identities in the Eastern Mediterranean (1100–1800). Heidelberg : Springer, 2015.
1229:
1082:
Khvalkov E. I piemontesi nelle colonie genovesi sul Mar Nero: popolazione del
Piemonte a Caffa secondo i dati delle Massariae Caffae ad annum del 1423 e del 1461. In: Studi Piemontesi. 2017. No. 2. pp. 623–628.
1093:
Khvalkov E. Il progetto coloniale genovese sul Mar Nero, la dinamica della migrazione Latina a Caffa e la gente catalanoaragonese, siciliana e sarda nel Medio Evo. In: Archivio
Storico Sardo. 2015. Vol. 50. No. 1.
1085:
Khvalkov E. Campania, Puglia e
Basilicata nella colonizzazione genovese dell'Oltremare nei secoli XIV – XV: Caffa genovese secondo i dati dei libri contabili. In: Rassegna Storica Salernitana. 2016. Vol. 65.
254:
was a small, poor fishing village of 4,000 inhabitants. By slowly building its merchant fleet, it rose as the leading commercial carrier of the
Western Mediterranean, starting to become independent from the
409:, which, in exchange for the aid to the Byzantine reconquest of Constantinople, actually ousted the Venetians from the straits leading to the Black Sea. The main Genoese commercial bases were
342:, but these were also short-lived. These colonies consisted usually of a city quarter (or even a single square) with wooden single- or double-floor houses with workshops in the lower floor.
209:. Some of them had been established directly under the patronage of the republican authorities to support the economy of the local merchants (especially after privileges obtained during the
1066:
628:
The decline of the
Genoese colonies in Crimea coincided with the Ottoman expansion in the late 15th century. Aside from the Crimean cities, Genoa also lost its lands in the
819:
Khvalkov, E. "A Regionalization or Long-Distance Trade? Transformations and Shifts in the Role of Tana in the Black Sea Trade in the First Half of the
Fifteenth Century".
1825:
1136:
562:, although in the following century the relationship with the Byzantine Empire were often strained. In 1201 the city also obtained privileges and quarters from the
991:
1107:
Khvalkov E. "Everyday Life and Material Culture in the Venetian and Genoese Trading Stations of Tana in the 1430s (Based on the Study of Notarial Documents)", in
570:
remained a fief of the Giustiniani family until the Ottoman conquest in 1566. There were some 33,000 descendants of the Genoese colonists in Constantinople and
1483:
1098:
Khvalkov E. Il Mezzogiorno italiano nella colonizzazione genovese del Mar Nero a Caffa genovese nei secoli XIII – XV (secondo i dati delle Massariae Caffae)
680:
The last Genoese colonies disappeared in the 18th century: Tabarka was occupied by the Ottoman Empire (1742), and Corsica was annexed by France after the
1820:
1561:
1197:"Il progetto coloniale genovese sul Mar Nero, la dinamica della migrazione latina a Caffa e la gente catalanoaragonese, siciliana e sarda nel Medio Evo"
1056:Гавриленко О. А., Сівальньов О. М., Цибулькін В. В. Генуезька спадщина на теренах України; етнодержавознавчий вимір. — Харків: Точка, 2017.— 260 с. —
1495:
901:
1295:
1075:
Khvalkov E. "Evoluzione della struttura della migrazione dei liguri e dei corsi nelle colonie genovesi tra Trecento e Quattrocento", in
213:), while others originated as feudal possessions of Genoese nobles, or had been founded by powerful private institutions, such as the
1384:
917:
803:
539:. These Genoese settlements served primarily to protect the maritime trade routes that made the Republic a power in this area.
267:) and the noble lords of the surrounding valleys and coasts eventually signaled the birth of Genoese government. The then-born
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Revue Roumaine d'Histoire (Contributions à l'histoire des colonies génoises en Roumanie aux XIIIe – XVe siècles)
515:, the Republic of Genoa had many colonies and commercial/military ports in the region where is now present-day
582:
coast, which was held by the Lomellini family from 1540 to 1742. Part of the latter's citizens later moved to
612:
681:
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In addition to its possessions in Crimea, the most important Genoese colonies in the Black Sea area were
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898:
402:
120:
107:
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330:(Lebanon). However, the Muslim reconquest in the following century removed Genoese presence from the
1210:(1). Deputazione di Storia Patria per la Sardegna. www.deputazionestoriapatriasardegna.it: 265–279.
1141:. Routledge Research in Medieval Studies. L, NY: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. p. 444.
1253:
956:
406:
1521:
1516:
1379:
350:
299:, the Genoese Republic obtained Acre (one third of the port's incomes) and Gibelet (present-day
1476:
566:. Pera fell to the Ottoman forces in 1453, when all of Constantinople was captured. Meanwhile,
957:"Imperial Ambition in the Early Modern Mediterranean: Genoese Merchants and the Spanish Crown"
1726:
1466:
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133:
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Eastern Europe and Central Asia and Western Europe. Other colonies included Cembalo (modern
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one of the main ports on the Pacific, at least until 1671. The Spanish governor of Panama
8:
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Direct territorial expansion of Genoa began in the 13th century with the occupation of
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769:"STORIA DELLA CITTA' DI GENOVA DALLE SUE ORIGINI ALLA FINE DELLA REPUBBLICA MARINARA"
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The local organization maintained a political and social significance for centuries.
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1601:
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38:
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1529:
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905:
870:. Editions de l'Académie de la République socialiste de Roumanie. pp. 25–52.
807:
629:
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335:
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662:
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1611:
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By Céline Dauverd (Published by Cambridge University Press) Chapter 2, Page 68.
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family, who styled themselves as Lords of Gibelet (1100 – late 13th century).
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1784:
1766:
1761:
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1373:
1215:
996:
Abkhazia and Italian City-States (XIII—XV centuries). Essays on Relationships
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after its conquest from the Muslim Sultanates of Sulu and Maguindanao at the
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609:, most of them would survive under Genoese rule until the late 15th century.
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1254:"Società Messinese di Storia Patria. Archivio Storico Messinese, Volume 96"
1138:
The Colonies of Genoa in the Black Sea Region: Evolution and Transformation
1070:
The colonies of Genoa in the Black Sea region: evolution and transformation
918:"🕵 Северный Кавказ в древние времена. Шаги племён — Исторический Черкесск"
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998:. Foreword by V.S. Tomelleri. – Sankt Petersburg: Aleteya, – 212 p., ill.
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334:. Genoa also established colonies on the Spanish Mediterranean coast from
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in 1768. The Republic itself ended in 1797, when it was conquered by the
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1100:(pdf). In: Archivio Storico Messinese. 2015. Vol. 96 . - pp. 7–11.
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even recruited Peruvians, Panamanians, and Genoese in Panama to found
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Alessandro Pannuti, "Cenni sugli italiani a Istanbul e la Levantinità
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family. Other losses included the commercial bases of Licostomo in
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1647:
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I "Politici" del Medioevo genovese: il Liber Civilitatis del 1528
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In the eastern Mediterranean, Genoa was greatly advanced by the
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487:(1348) at the northern apex of the medieval Genoese citadel of
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369:(annexed in 1284 and kept until the 18th century) and northern
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Le Colonie Commerciali Degli Italiani in Oriente Nel Medio Evo
469:), or on the Ukrainian coast, such as Salmastro or Moncastro (
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649:. Genoa, in particular, became an efficient banking base of
1028:
Lopez, R.S. (1964). "Market Expansion. The Case of Genoa".
465:) and others, on the Abkhazian coast, such as Savastopoli (
450:
393:
27:
Genoese territories around the Mediterranean and Black seas
1303:
1079:, Nuova Serie'. 2017. Vol. 57 / 131 . -pp. 67–79.
975:
Blu come il mare - Guglielmo e la saga degli Embriaci
507:
During the greatest period of expansion, between the
259:
around the 11th century. A meeting of all the city's
385:(1284). Genoa had also started to form colonies of
1826:States and territories disestablished in the 1760s
519:. The largest Genoese colonies in the region were
1011:Storia di Genova: Mediterraneo, Europa, Atlantico
201:were a series of economic and trade posts in the
1812:
624:, c.1571, in the Palazzo Lercari-Parodi in Genoa
616:Construction of the warehouse of the Genoese in
574:in 1933. Genoa had also conquered the island of
1008:
855:(in Italian). HardPress Publishing. p. 97.
724:
287:in the Crusades (particularly the conquests of
1289:
307:), which become a familiar possession of the
1122:Genoese and Italians in Ukraine (in Italian)
941:
1821:States and territories established in 1096
1296:
1282:
1077:Atti della Società Ligure di Storia Patria
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725:Mallone Di Novi, Cesare Cattaneo (1987).
377:after the decisive naval victory against
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1258:www.societamessinesedistoriapatria.it
1072:. L., New York : Routledge, 2017
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295:) enriched it enormously. During the
922:Cherkessk.SU — Исторический Черкесск
314:Other small colonies were formed in
1504:
865:
823:. 2016. Vol. 23. No. 3. pp. 508–525
441:), while other were located on the
425:, the major trading center between
24:
1800:Genoese Baroque and Rococo artists
1128:
977:. Genoa: Fratelli Frilli Editori.
786:Structure of the Genoese colonies.
632:, which had belonged to the noble
405:(1261) with the Byzantine emperor
25:
1847:
1115:
1009:Ossian De Negri, Teofilo (2003).
661:. Genoese traders were active in
653:; supplying loans and organizing
373:. Genoa remained dominant in the
1339:
1304:
1111:. 2012. Vol. 64. pp. 84–93.
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397:Genoese fort in Tabarka, Tunisia
1385:Great Council and Minor Council
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950:
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747:(in French). Paris: H & D.
729:(in Italian). pp. 184–193.
234:Genoese walls at Caffa, modern
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546:(store and market quarter) at
278:
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1:
788:Page at www.giustiniani.info
711:
667:Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera
225:
67:Map of the Genoese expansion.
1195:Khvalkov, Evgeny A. (2015).
1013:. Florence: Giunti Editore.
810:. Page at imperobizantino.it
7:
1030:Journal of Economic History
973:Airaldi, Gabriella (2006).
699:
542:In 1155, Genoa was given a
132:• Fall of most of the
10:
1852:
1795:Genoese School of painting
1550:Main aristocratic families
1411:Maona of Chios and Phocaea
942:Ossian De Negri, Teofilo.
838:researchomnia.blogspot.com
821:European Review of History
801:The first Genoese settlers
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1170:Khvalkov, Evgeny (2019).
1135:Khvalkov, Evgeny (2017).
1042:10.1017/S0022050700061179
882:"I GIUSTINIANI DI SMIRNE"
473:), Ginestra (now part of
283:The participation of the
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119:• Creation of the
1234:kvk.bibliothek.kit.edu
1204:Archivio Storico Sardo
692:and replaced with the
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172:• Disestablished
1467:Giovanni Andrea Doria
741:Thiollet, Jean-Pierre
686:French First Republic
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134:Eastern Mediterranean
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1457:Benedetto I Zaccaria
1416:Bank of Saint George
992:Chirikba, Viacheslav
886:www.giustiniani.info
773:www.giustiniani.info
682:Treaty of Versailles
215:Bank of Saint George
161:Treaty of Versailles
1683:Lordship of Phocaea
1491:Genoese crossbowmen
1394:Economy and Finance
1368:Capitano del popolo
1358:(11th century–1191)
866:Iliescu, Octavian.
745:Je m'appelle Byblos
403:Treaty of Nymphaeum
108:Treaty of Nymphaeum
1673:Lordship of Lesbos
1326:Maritime republics
904:2011-09-27 at the
806:2017-03-24 at the
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535:(San Giorgio) and
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273:Compagna Communis.
261:trade associations
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1807:
1752:Northern Sardinia
1667:Lordship of Chios
1545:
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1311:Republic of Genoa
1104:pp. 311–327.
1094:pp. 265–279.
1090:pp. 237–240.
1062:978-617-669-209-6
1020:978-88-09-02932-3
1004:978-5-00165-119-2
851:Heyd, Guglielmo.
694:Ligurian Republic
657:as holders of an
383:Battle of Meloria
257:Holy Roman Empire
248:Early Middle Ages
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140:Late 15th century
50:Republic of Genoa
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35:Colonie genovesi
18:Genoese colonists
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1477:Simone Doria
1462:Andrea Doria
1442:Genoese Navy
1421:Banca Carige
1401:Genoese lira
1262:. Retrieved
1257:
1248:
1237:. Retrieved
1233:
1224:
1207:
1203:
1190:
1179:. Retrieved
1177:(in Italian)
1174:
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1108:
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926:. Retrieved
921:
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790:(in Italian)
781:
772:
763:
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735:
726:
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706:Stato da Màr
679:
627:
588:
543:
541:
513:15th century
506:
485:Galata Tower
463:Novorossijsk
453:), Matrega (
445:, including
437:), Vosporo (
433:), Soldaio (
427:Mongol-ruled
400:
364:
313:
282:
272:
264:
245:
198:
195:
193:
1665:(including
1607:Pallavicini
1426:Slave trade
1376:(1339–1797)
1370:(1257–1339)
1364:(1191–1256)
1067:Khvalkov E.
675:Philippines
655:slave trade
527:(Caladda),
279:Possessions
246:During the
79:Middle Ages
1815:Categories
1587:Boccanegra
1562:Centurione
1349:Government
1264:2019-10-21
1239:2019-10-16
1181:2019-10-19
1157:2017028228
928:2022-03-04
712:References
663:Old Panama
584:Carloforte
554:), facing
419:Aegean Sea
269:city-state
226:Background
207:Black Seas
1727:Moncastro
1636:Geography
1617:Gattilusi
1602:Imperiali
1216:2037-5514
1050:154200021
618:Trebizond
603:Maurolaca
529:Constanța
461:), Bata (
457:), Mapa (
431:Balaklava
387:Ligurians
340:Gibraltar
332:Holy Land
265:compagnie
236:Feodosiya
136:colonies
56:1096–1768
1627:Zaccaria
1622:Embriaco
1582:Cattaneo
1572:Grimaldi
1526:Ottoman
1512:Venetian
1447:Admirals
1435:Military
1406:Genovino
994:(2020).
902:Archived
804:Archived
743:(2005).
700:See also
690:Napoleon
638:Moldavia
634:Ghisolfi
580:Tunisian
578:off the
497:Istanbul
443:Azov Sea
415:Mytilene
371:Sardinia
336:Valencia
309:Embriaco
211:Crusades
199:colonies
1778:Culture
1757:Gibelet
1742:Caladda
1737:Giurgiu
1732:Calafat
1703:Cembalo
1693:Gazaria
1688:Tabarka
1658:Corsica
1648:Liguria
1612:Fieschi
1592:Durazzo
1577:Spinola
1567:Fregoso
1522:Catalan
1496:Battles
1362:Podestà
1319:History
1175:SPb HSE
659:Asiento
576:Tabarka
544:fondaco
533:Giurgiu
521:Calafat
517:Romania
467:Sukhumi
417:in the
381:in the
367:Corsica
357:in the
324:Tripoli
316:Tartous
305:Lebanon
289:Antioch
221:History
196:Genoese
159:•
148:Tabarka
121:Gazaria
106:•
93:in the
89:•
1767:Vicina
1747:Monaco
1712:Galata
1557:Adorno
1535:Lesbos
1530:Amasra
1517:Mongol
1356:Consul
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359:Crimea
328:Beirut
301:Byblos
240:Crimea
1698:Caffa
1678:Ainos
1663:Chios
1643:Genoa
1597:Doria
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572:Izmir
568:Chios
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475:Odesa
459:Anapa
455:Taman
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1762:Tyre
1722:Mapa
1710:and
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1505:Wars
1374:Doge
1212:ISSN
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