306:
54:
1276:
314:
70:
141:
77:
1266:
In addition to primary and secondary schools at their various levels and courses, there is a university in the city, the
University of El Geneina, which has a number of colleges, including the College of Medicine of Geneina. Most of the population is not fully educated and nearly 45% is unemployed as
1145:
Agriculture constitutes the sector on which the economy relies the most for soil fertility and the abundance of rain and groundwater. The spread of hashab tree forests around the city has made it an important source for the production of gum arabic. In addition to this, crops such as cotton, tobacco,
464:
The word “Geneina” in Sudan means garden, and it is a diminutive of the word paradise, with the resulting meaning of garden or orchard. The city of El
Geneina was given this name on account of its green nature, as the city is full of gardens, orchards, and green fields. The name also goes back to
1248:
Like many regions of Sudan, a number of different tribes live in the city of El
Geneina, which, by virtue of their coexistence and intermarriage, share many common customs, traditions, and popular heritage. Among these tribes are: the Mahamid, the Hausa, the Zaghawa, the Tamah, the Fur, and the
1138:
1319:. Since the start of the conflict, the airport has been closed and most likely destroyed due to large amounts of shelling and continued fighting. The closest airports to it are Zalingei Airport, which is 110 kilometers (68.3 miles) away, and El Fasher Airport and Adre Airport in Chad.
329:. This group was heavily targeted during the War in Darfur but had remained in a state of peace for several years. During the War in Darfur, genocide against the Masalit people caught the attention of the UN, sparking controversy between the organization and Sudan.
1257:
ethnic group is considered the most important and prominent tribe inhabiting the El
Geneina region, which it administers according to the native administration system in Sudan and the Hawakir system prevailing in the region.
465:
Sultan Bahr al-Din, Sultan of
Masalit, who was the first to rule the city. It is called “Al-Geneina Enduka”, which is the nickname of Sultan Muhammad Bahr al-Din Enduka. The word Enduka implies extreme generosity.
1582:
452:
The city came under siege by RSF and aligned militias by early June, and ended with the RSF gaining control El
Geneina by the 22 of June. Up to 15,000 people were killed in Geneina in the
1413:
272:. As of 2022, it had a population of 538,390 pre-war being one of the most populated cities within the country. According to the UNICEF nearly the entire population are
1443:
1152:
Trade, including local retail trade and export trade, constitutes a source of wealth and production in the city, in addition to the various services sector.
1134:
The city is characterized by the presence of many economic sources, and its economy depends on the sectors: agriculture, pastoralism, trade, and services.
1535:
1634:
1561:
1120:
1517:
287:
was fought. This event included the deadly
Geneina massacre, in which, as of 19 August 2023, thousands of civilians were killed, mainly
1149:
Grazing and livestock raising come in second place as economic resources in the El
Geneina area, including cows, goats, and camels.
1716:
1405:
1249:
Misseriya al - Jabal , the Aranga, and the Kundi, in addition to the tribes coming from central and northern Sudan, including the
1491:
493:
from mid-June to late
September, which causes lakes and ponds to form at some points of the year, and a long, hot, desiccating
101:
453:
379:
Geneina was considered strategic due to its important location in Darfur, it remained a large location for West Darfur and
1659:
1146:
sorghum, sesame, millet, watermelon, hibiscus, okra and some fruits are grown, such as mango, guava, papaya and orange.
1557:
1283:
Most of the city's roads are unpaved, but the city has a highway which leads to Nyala. The locality is served by the
305:
1711:
1435:
483:
69:
273:
53:
133:
1609:"Population El Geneina (Sudan), number, employment, unemployment, gender composition | BDEEX USA"
1336:
44:
391:
337:
360:. These tensions came to a head on 15 April 2023, when RSF forces attacked Sudanese forces in
257:
at the end of 1919 through the Gilani
Agreement, signed between the Masalit Sultanate and the
1635:""There Will be No Dar Masalit, Only Dar Arab": Sudan's Ethnic Divisions Destroy West Darfur"
1312:
479:
387:
333:
395:
341:
168:
1358:
Sudan: West Darfur Clashes Leave 25 Dead, Prisoners Freed in Nyala, El Fasher and ED Daein
8:
414:. These tensions came to a head on 15 April, when RSF forces attacked Sudanese forces in
280:
205:
445:, a militia led by the governor. Clashes between Arabs and non-Arabs also broke out in
383:
civilians who had almost no access to food or education due to the deserted regions.
1304:
1296:
1288:
1073:
1025:
442:
300:
284:
441:
declared a state of emergency on 10 April due to the killing of three people by the
1250:
1357:
1284:
407:
353:
230:
153:
1608:
1379:
1275:
1254:
380:
322:
288:
258:
1436:"Fighting between Sudan military rivals enters a second day, with dozens dead"
1705:
904:
438:
419:
365:
254:
116:
103:
1536:"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Geneina"
446:
423:
369:
313:
1466:
1141:
A sign at the entrance of Geneina in Arabic saying "Geneina welcomes you!"
434:
269:
246:
158:
291:
and other non-Arab tribes. The RSF took control of the city by 22 June.
1492:"Official: 24 killed in Sudan as Arab, non-Arab groups clash in Darfur"
1467:"West Darfur declares state of emergency after killing of three people"
494:
490:
1518:"Ethnic killings in one Sudan city left up to 15,000 dead: UN report"
427:
403:
373:
349:
196:
1137:
415:
361:
1406:"Sudan unrest: RSF captures presidential palace as violence rages"
504:
Climate data for Geneina (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1961–2020)
399:
345:
449:, on the border with Chad, on 13 April, leaving 24 people dead.
411:
357:
326:
201:
1316:
265:
250:
146:
242:
1279:
A resident uses an animals transportation across the city.
459:
1695:
The highway was most likely destroyed due to the battle.
489:) with two distinct seasons: a short, warm and humid
309:
Displaced persons with water tank in Geneina in 2007
1538:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1703:
1315:, and is used for flights across the country of
497:covering the remaining nine months of the year.
1632:
1562:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
422:, and several cities across Darfur, including
368:, and several cities across Darfur, including
1464:
261:, according to which it became a territory.
32:
276:and a large part are still young children.
1528:
386:In early 2023, tensions rose between the
332:In early 2023, tensions rose between the
1550:
1274:
1136:
312:
304:
1660:"Collapse at West Darfur's new airport"
317:Situation in Geneina in late April 2023
1704:
1558:"El Geneina Climate Normals 1961–1990"
1303:) and the El Shaheed Sibeira Airport (
1174:
234:
33:
13:
1446:from the original on 15 April 2023
1416:from the original on 16 April 2023
1169:
321:The city has the biggest group of
264:Geneina is now the capital of the
14:
1728:
1270:
1633:Andrew McGregor (26 June 2023).
139:
75:
68:
52:
1717:Populated places in West Darfur
1689:
1652:
1626:
1601:
1575:
1155:
402:, remnants of Omar al-Bashir's
348:, remnants of Omar al-Bashir's
76:
1510:
1484:
1465:SudanTribune (11 April 2023).
1458:
1428:
1398:
1372:
1350:
1329:
390:, led by the 2021 coup leader
336:, led by the 2021 coup leader
1:
1322:
460:History of the name "Geneina"
1589:(in Arabic). 23 October 2019
1261:
468:
245:in West Darfur, part of the
89:Location of Geneina in Sudan
7:
977:Average precipitation days
763:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
623:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
410:against non-Arab tribes in
356:against non-Arab tribes in
10:
1733:
1583:"محلية الجنينة في السودان"
1360:(Report). 2023. p. 11
1129:
1118:
503:
473:
408:committed ethnic cleansing
354:committed ethnic cleansing
298:
294:
21:City in West Darfur, Sudan
18:City in West Darfur, Sudan
1187:—
1071:
1023:
976:
902:
832:
762:
692:
622:
552:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
195:
187:
179:
174:
164:
152:
132:
97:
63:
51:
42:
26:
1682:
1712:State capitals in Sudan
394:, and the paramilitary
340:, and the paramilitary
1280:
1142:
392:Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
338:Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
318:
310:
1522:The Business Standard
1313:Sudanese Armed Forces
1278:
1161:Historical population
1140:
480:hot semi-arid climate
388:Sudanese Armed Forces
334:Sudanese Armed Forces
316:
308:
1664:www.dabangasudan.org
1587:اقرأ - السوق المفتوح
553:Record high °C (°F)
396:Rapid Support Forces
342:Rapid Support Forces
169:Rapid Support Forces
1380:"UNHCR Web Archive"
1311:), which hosts the
1162:
833:Record low °C (°F)
693:Daily mean °C (°F)
281:2023 Sudan conflict
113: /
1524:. 20 January 2024.
1281:
1267:of October 2023.
1160:
1143:
319:
311:
180: • Total
58:El Geneina in 2009
1442:. 15 April 2023.
1386:. 17 January 2015
1246:
1245:
1126:
1125:
1026:relative humidity
454:Masalit massacres
443:Sudanese Alliance
301:Battle of Geneina
285:Battle of Geneina
239:the little garden
212:
211:
117:13.450°N 22.450°E
1724:
1696:
1693:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1496:The East African
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1384:www.refworld.org
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1341:
1333:
1176:
1171:
1163:
1159:
980:
501:
500:
236:
226:
145:
143:
142:
128:
127:
125:
124:
123:
118:
114:
111:
110:
109:
106:
79:
78:
72:
56:
37:
36:
35:
24:
23:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1669:
1667:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1631:
1627:
1617:
1615:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1592:
1590:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1501:
1499:
1498:. 13 April 2023
1490:
1489:
1485:
1475:
1473:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1447:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1417:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1389:
1387:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1285:Geneina Airport
1273:
1264:
1158:
1132:
1127:
978:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
476:
471:
462:
430:, and Geneina.
376:, and Geneina.
303:
297:
224:
140:
138:
121:
119:
115:
112:
107:
104:
102:
100:
99:
93:
92:
91:
90:
87:
86:
85:
84:
80:
59:
47:
38:
31:
29:
22:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1730:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1698:
1697:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1666:. 14 July 2014
1651:
1625:
1600:
1574:
1549:
1527:
1509:
1483:
1457:
1427:
1397:
1371:
1349:
1344:www.unicef.org
1327:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1272:
1271:Transportation
1269:
1263:
1260:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1154:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1074:sunshine hours
1069:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
974:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
900:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
830:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
760:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
690:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
620:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
550:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
506:
505:
499:
478:Geneina has a
475:
472:
470:
467:
461:
458:
323:Masalit people
299:Main article:
296:
293:
259:United Kingdom
210:
209:
199:
193:
192:
189:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
150:
149:
136:
130:
129:
122:13.450; 22.450
95:
94:
88:
82:
81:
74:
73:
67:
66:
65:
64:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
43:
40:
39:
30:
27:
20:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1729:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1692:
1688:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1640:
1639:jamestown.org
1636:
1629:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1537:
1531:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1472:
1471:Sudan Tribune
1468:
1461:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1359:
1353:
1345:
1338:
1337:"West Darfur"
1332:
1328:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1251:Ja'alin tribe
1241:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1139:
1135:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:Mean monthly
1070:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
975:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
906:
905:precipitation
901:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
831:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
761:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
691:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
621:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
551:
507:
502:
498:
496:
492:
488:
485:
481:
466:
457:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
439:Khamis Abakar
436:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
325:in Sudan and
324:
315:
307:
302:
292:
290:
286:
282:
277:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
255:British Sudan
252:
248:
244:
240:
232:
228:
220:
216:
207:
203:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
173:
170:
167:
163:
160:
157:
155:
151:
148:
137:
135:
131:
126:
98:Coordinates:
96:
71:
62:
55:
50:
46:
41:
25:
16:
1691:
1668:. Retrieved
1663:
1654:
1642:. Retrieved
1638:
1628:
1616:. Retrieved
1612:
1603:
1591:. Retrieved
1586:
1577:
1565:. Retrieved
1552:
1540:. Retrieved
1530:
1521:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1495:
1486:
1474:. Retrieved
1470:
1460:
1448:. Retrieved
1439:
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1409:
1400:
1388:. Retrieved
1383:
1374:
1362:. Retrieved
1352:
1343:
1331:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1282:
1265:
1247:
1156:Demographics
1151:
1148:
1144:
1133:
907:mm (inches)
486:
477:
463:
451:
447:Foro-Baranga
433:In Geneina,
432:
385:
378:
331:
320:
278:
263:
253:. It joined
238:
222:
218:
214:
213:
15:
435:West Darfur
279:During the
270:West Darfur
249:region, in
247:dar Masalit
219:Al-Junaynah
217:(sometimes
159:West Darfur
120: /
1706:Categories
1618:15 October
1593:15 October
1567:18 January
1542:21 January
1410:www.geo.tv
1323:References
979:(≥ 1.0 mm)
495:dry season
491:wet season
175:Population
1613:bdeex.com
1262:Education
469:Geography
437:governor
428:El Fasher
404:Janjaweed
374:El Fasher
350:Janjaweed
268:state of
197:Time zone
191:(pre-war)
1670:20 March
1644:20 March
1450:16 April
1444:Archived
1420:18 April
1414:Archived
1390:20 March
1119:Source:
1114:3,136.1
1024:Average
972:(20.36)
903:Average
648:(101.5)
643:(101.7)
613:(108.5)
608:(101.3)
603:(105.3)
598:(103.3)
588:(108.5)
583:(108.1)
568:(107.2)
563:(106.7)
558:(103.6)
416:Khartoum
362:Khartoum
289:Masalits
266:Sudanese
1255:Masalit
1239:168,946
1231:+218.1%
1228:538,390
1217:169,259
1130:Economy
962:(0.00)
957:(0.43)
952:(2.57)
947:(8.37)
942:(6.86)
937:(1.32)
932:(0.68)
927:(0.13)
888:(45.7)
883:(49.1)
878:(56.1)
873:(55.8)
863:(59.9)
843:(38.1)
828:(65.5)
823:(55.8)
818:(61.3)
813:(66.6)
808:(68.5)
803:(68.7)
798:(70.3)
793:(73.4)
788:(72.9)
783:(69.6)
778:(64.8)
773:(58.6)
768:(54.1)
758:(79.5)
753:(72.0)
748:(76.8)
743:(81.0)
738:(80.4)
733:(78.1)
728:(80.8)
723:(86.0)
718:(87.1)
713:(85.6)
708:(81.1)
703:(75.4)
698:(70.5)
688:(93.7)
683:(88.2)
678:(92.5)
673:(95.4)
668:(92.5)
663:(87.6)
658:(91.2)
653:(98.6)
638:(97.5)
633:(91.9)
628:(86.9)
474:Climate
400:Hemedti
398:led by
381:Chadian
346:Hemedti
344:led by
295:History
241:) is a
237:, lit.
235:الجنينة
227:Geneina
215:Geneina
183:538,390
165:Control
134:Country
108:22°27′E
105:13°27′N
83:Geneina
34:الجنينة
28:Geneina
1502:11 May
1476:11 May
1364:14 May
1253:. The
1242:−68.6%
1220:+82.3%
1209:+65.8%
1206:92,831
1198:+58.1%
1195:55,996
1184:35,424
1111:306.9
1108:300.0
1105:272.8
1102:228.0
1099:201.5
1096:213.9
1093:243.0
1090:263.5
1087:267.0
1084:275.9
1081:266.0
1078:297.6
967:(0.0)
922:(0.0)
917:(0.0)
912:(0.0)
618:(113)
593:(104)
578:(109)
573:(113)
509:Month
484:Köppen
420:Merowe
412:Darfur
366:Merowe
358:Darfur
327:Darfur
283:, the
231:Arabic
225:
188:
144:
1683:Notes
1340:(PDF)
1317:Sudan
1019:40.2
1004:14.4
1001:12.2
970:517.1
945:212.5
940:174.2
898:(37)
893:(41)
868:(59)
858:(57)
853:(52)
848:(50)
838:(37)
548:Year
424:Nyala
406:that
370:Nyala
352:that
251:Sudan
202:UTC+2
154:State
147:Sudan
1672:2024
1646:2024
1620:2023
1595:2023
1569:2016
1544:2024
1504:2023
1478:2023
1452:2023
1422:2023
1392:2024
1366:2023
1309:HSSG
1305:ICAO
1301:HSGN
1297:ICAO
1289:IATA
1236:2023
1225:2022
1214:2010
1203:1993
1192:1983
1181:1973
1170:Pop.
1166:Year
1121:NOAA
1028:(%)
1016:0.0
1013:0.0
1010:1.3
1007:6.2
998:3.6
995:1.9
992:0.5
989:0.0
986:0.0
983:0.0
955:11.0
950:65.3
935:33.5
930:17.2
876:13.4
871:13.2
861:15.5
826:18.6
821:13.2
816:16.3
811:19.2
806:20.3
801:20.4
796:21.3
791:23.0
786:22.7
781:20.9
776:18.2
771:14.8
766:12.3
756:26.4
751:22.2
746:24.9
741:27.2
736:26.9
731:25.6
726:27.1
721:30.0
716:30.6
711:29.8
706:27.3
701:24.1
696:21.4
686:34.3
681:31.2
676:33.6
671:35.2
666:33.6
661:30.9
656:32.9
651:37.0
646:38.6
641:38.7
636:36.4
631:33.3
626:30.5
611:42.5
606:38.5
601:40.7
596:39.6
586:42.5
581:42.3
566:41.8
561:41.5
556:39.8
545:Dec
542:Nov
539:Oct
536:Sep
533:Aug
530:Jul
527:Jun
524:May
521:Apr
518:Mar
515:Feb
512:Jan
274:IDPs
243:city
45:City
1440:CNN
1293:EGN
1067:31
1064:18
1061:19
1058:31
1055:54
1052:68
1049:61
1046:38
1043:24
1040:15
1037:12
1034:14
1031:17
965:0.0
960:0.1
925:3.2
920:0.0
915:0.0
910:0.0
886:7.6
881:9.5
841:3.4
487:BSh
221:or
206:CAT
1708::
1662:.
1637:.
1611:.
1585:.
1560:.
1520:.
1494:.
1469:.
1438:.
1412:.
1408:.
1382:.
1342:.
1307::
1299::
1295:,
1291::
1175:±%
866:15
856:14
851:11
846:10
616:45
591:40
576:43
571:45
456:.
426:,
418:,
372:,
364:,
233::
229:;
223:El
1674:.
1648:.
1622:.
1597:.
1571:.
1546:.
1506:.
1480:.
1454:.
1424:.
1394:.
1368:.
1346:.
1287:(
896:3
891:5
836:3
482:(
208:)
204:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.png)