286:
46:
297:
525:. It was found that the release and settlement of eggs and zygotes occurred during daytime low tide periods, particularly when these fell between 10am and 2pm. Few gametes were released during the night time low tide period nor during the daytime period around noon when there was not a low tide. There was no correlation between the temperature or salinity of the water and gamete release and only a weak association with the
33:
362:. The midrib is conspicuous and near the holdfast the stalk is narrowed because of the thickening of the midrib and the erosion of the margins. The apices of the frond are rounded and the swollen receptacles at the tips are yellowish and up to six centimetres long.
352:
This is a small tufted brown alga. The fronds are rarely more than 4 mm wide narrow and grow up to thirty centimetres long. They do not include airbladders as in some other species of
755:
285:
536:
It has been found that this species grows more abundantly on sloped than on vertical rock faces. Its presence increases species richness as it forms canopies in the mid to high
510:
is formed it can only be dispersed over a limited distance. The plant dies back after reproducing and gets washed from its rock substrate by waves during the following winter.
358:. The fronds are fairly rigid and cartilaginous, partially flattened, and olive green to yellowish green in colour. The plant is branched and has a basal discoid
502:. Reproduction is seasonal, and receptacles start being formed in late autumn in response to short days. The gametes are of both sexes and when released,
656:
529:, few gametes being released around the times of full and new moons. The study showed that fertilisation was successful and in the range 80% to 100% in
835:
Christopher W. McKindsey & Edwin
Bourget (2001). "Diversity of a northern rocky intertidal community: the influence of body size and succession".
1003:
1042:
977:
1016:
1055:
624:
1119:
1021:
506:
can survive and disperse for several days. It is thought that self-fertilisation often occurs in this species and once a
964:
864:
533:
due to the avoidance of gamete release when the water velocity is high under the turbulent conditions of high tide.
1091:
592:
1047:
651:
850:
806:
1029:
1096:
929:
574:
799:
1073:
943:
45:
1008:
891:
682:
642:
513:
A study was undertaken to see what factors influenced natural gamete release and the rate of
179:
1083:
951:
8:
790:
337:
359:
203:
40:
1124:
837:
620:
846:
815:
764:
731:
444:. It also occurs on the eastern coast of North America and on the west coast from
735:
537:
333:
1034:
914:
83:
70:
768:
712:
N. L. Bird & J. McLachlan (1976). "Control of formation of receptacles in
1113:
786:
514:
441:
425:
397:
304:
195:
969:
834:
296:
541:
413:
409:
96:
795:(Phaeophyceae): an intertidal alga with successful external fertilization"
749:
E. L. Rice & A. R. O. Chapman (1985). "A numerical taxonomic study of
1068:
990:
923:
526:
401:
393:
389:
126:
982:
820:
722:
693:. Race Rocks Ecological Reserve/Marine Protected Area. December 4, 2002
587:
549:
449:
325:
116:
995:
938:
583:
545:
480:
437:
341:
57:
885:
908:
615:
Bunker, F.StP.D., Maggs, C.A., Brodie, J.A. and Bunker, A.R. 2017.
495:
429:
365:
Two sub-species have been recorded from Great
Britain and Ireland:
329:
146:
756:
Journal of the Marine
Biological Association of the United Kingdom
748:
540:
that provide protection, shelter and food for a variety of small
499:
476:
472:
433:
321:
136:
106:
32:
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956:
507:
491:
487:
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711:
522:
354:
156:
851:
10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[3462:DOANRI]2.0.CO;2
503:
290:
Fucus distichus L. subsp. edentatus (Bach.Pyl.) Powell
657:
Marine
Biological Association of the United Kingdom
460:Like other brown algae, there is an alternation of
521:. The study sites were rock pools on the coast of
1111:
619:Second Edition. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, UK
412:which may protect larger plants from grazing by
573:M. D. Guiry (2011). Guiry MD, Guiry GM (eds.).
784:
396:which masks the colour of the other pigments,
303:(rockweed) washed up at the high tide line at
871:. Seattle Seawall Habitat Enhancement Project
640:
572:
428:, rockweed is found on northern coasts of
31:
819:
611:
609:
295:
284:
780:
778:
568:
566:
564:
436:where it is found on rock faces and in
1112:
588:National University of Ireland, Galway
890:
889:
636:
634:
632:
606:
416:though young plants are susceptible.
775:
677:
675:
673:
561:
13:
629:
292:, isotype herbarium specimen, 1910
14:
1136:
670:
432:and the north and west coasts of
617:Seaweeds of Britain and Ireland.
593:World Register of Marine Species
404:a and c and other xanthophylls.
385:, each with a distinctive form.
44:
652:Marine Life Information Network
419:
388:The brown colour is due to the
857:
828:
807:Marine Ecology Progress Series
742:
705:
347:
1:
555:
736:10.2216/i0031-8884-15-1-79.1
691:Race Rocks Digital Herbarium
7:
1120:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
240:Bachelot de la Pylaie, 1830
232:Bachelot de la Pylaie, 1830
10:
1141:
720:(Phaeophyceae, Fucales)".
455:
336:of rocky seashores in the
307:, along with other debris.
898:
791:"Reproductive ecology of
769:10.1017/S0025315400050530
209:
202:
185:
178:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
268:(Linnaeus) Kuntze, 1891
647:- General information"
408:has a high content of
308:
293:
641:Nicola White (2007).
299:
288:
785:Pearson, Gareth A.;
643:"A brown seaweed -
338:Northern Hemisphere
332:to be found in the
821:10.3354/meps143211
309:
294:
265:Virsodes distichum
248:Harvey & Ward
1107:
1106:
892:Taxon identifiers
845:(12): 3462–3478.
787:Brawley, Susan H.
625:978-0-9955673-3-7
468:generations. The
283:
282:
277:
276:N.L.Gardner, 1922
269:
261:
257:Virsodes furcatum
253:
241:
237:Fucus miclonensis
233:
225:
217:
171:F. distichus
1132:
1100:
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1087:
1086:
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1064:
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1035:NHMSYS0021058643
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814:(1–3): 211–233.
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334:intertidal zones
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252:Carruthers, 1864
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930:Fucus distichus
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900:Fucus distichus
894:
884:
874:
872:
867:Fucus distichus
863:
862:
858:
833:
829:
797:
793:Fucus distichus
783:
776:
753:(Phaeophyta)".
751:Fucus distichus
747:
743:
714:Fucus distichus
710:
706:
696:
694:
685:Fucus distichus
681:
680:
671:
661:
659:
645:Fucus distichus
639:
630:
614:
607:
597:
595:
579:Linnaeus, 1767"
577:Fucus distichus
571:
562:
558:
544:including many
538:intertidal zone
519:Fucus distichus
458:
422:
406:Fucus distichus
350:
313:Fucus distichus
301:Fucus distichus
198:
193:
189:Fucus distichus
187:
174:
43:
25:Fucus distichus
17:
16:Species of alga
12:
11:
5:
1138:
1128:
1127:
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883:
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856:
827:
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763:(2): 433–459.
741:
704:
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628:
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559:
557:
554:
457:
454:
421:
418:
349:
346:
328:in the family
281:
280:
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278:
270:
262:
254:
242:
234:
226:
224:C.Agardh, 1820
221:Fucus furcatus
218:
213:Fucus linearis
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71:Diaphoretickes
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37:
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28:
27:
15:
9:
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515:fertilisation
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443:
442:littoral zone
440:in the upper
439:
435:
431:
427:
426:Great Britain
417:
415:
411:
410:phlorotannins
407:
403:
399:
398:beta-carotene
395:
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361:
357:
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305:Morecambe Bay
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181:
180:Binomial name
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97:Stramenopiles
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22:
19:
899:
873:. Retrieved
866:
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811:
805:
792:
760:
754:
750:
744:
730:(1): 79–84.
727:
721:
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707:
695:. Retrieved
690:
684:
660:. Retrieved
650:
644:
616:
596:. Retrieved
582:
576:
535:
531:F. distichus
530:
518:
512:
494:thalli form
459:
423:
420:Distribution
405:
387:
382:
378:
374:
370:
367:F. distichus
366:
364:
353:
351:
340:, mostly in
317:
312:
311:
310:
300:
289:
273:Fucus nitens
272:
264:
260:Kuntze, 1891
256:
249:
245:Fucus anceps
244:
236:
228:
220:
212:
188:
186:
170:
169:
157:
127:Phaeophyceae
117:Ochrophytina
90:
77:
64:
24:
18:
1069:SeaLifeBase
991:iNaturalist
924:Wikispecies
550:crustaceans
527:lunar phase
517:success in
481:anisogamous
414:periwinkles
402:chlorophyll
394:fucoxanthin
390:xanthophyll
348:Description
229:Fucus fueci
216:Oeder, 1767
113:Subphylum:
1114:Categories
723:Phycologia
716:L. subsp.
556:References
546:gastropods
450:California
438:rock pools
342:rock pools
326:brown alga
939:AlgaeBase
875:April 24,
718:distichus
697:April 24,
662:April 24,
598:April 24,
584:AlgaeBase
496:zoospores
477:isogamous
383:edentates
379:distichus
165:Species:
58:Eukaryota
1125:Fucaceae
1009:11061838
915:Q2712975
909:Wikidata
789:(1996).
687:(Silva)"
490:and the
485:oogamous
430:Scotland
360:holdfast
330:Fucaceae
318:rockweed
204:Synonyms
147:Fucaceae
143:Family:
103:Phylum:
54:Domain:
983:3196454
838:Ecology
500:meiosis
492:diploid
488:gametes
470:haploid
466:diploid
462:haploid
456:Biology
434:Ireland
322:species
153:Genus:
137:Fucales
133:Order:
123:Class:
107:Gyrista
1097:145544
1084:437659
1081:uBio:
1074:119259
1061:145544
957:913400
623:
508:zygote
473:thalli
446:Alaska
371:anceps
1092:WoRMS
1022:11337
1004:IRMNG
996:69155
970:65544
965:EUNIS
523:Maine
475:form
381:ssp.
369:ssp.
355:Fucus
320:is a
158:Fucus
91:Clade
78:Clade
65:Clade
1056:OBIS
1048:3012
1043:NCBI
1017:ITIS
978:GBIF
877:2012
699:2012
664:2012
621:ISBN
600:2012
548:and
464:and
373:and
1030:NBN
952:EoL
944:352
847:doi
816:doi
812:143
800:PDF
765:doi
732:doi
504:ova
498:by
483:or
448:to
424:In
324:of
316:or
84:SAR
1116::
1094::
1071::
1058::
1045::
1032::
1019::
1006::
993::
980::
967::
954::
941::
926::
911::
843:82
841:.
810:.
804:.
777:^
761:65
759:.
728:15
726:.
689:.
672:^
655:.
649:.
631:^
608:^
591:.
586:.
581:.
563:^
552:.
479:,
452:.
400:,
392:,
377:.
344:.
250:ex
196:L.
93::
80::
67::
879:.
869:"
865:"
853:.
849::
824:.
818::
802:)
798:(
771:.
767::
738:.
734::
701:.
683:"
666:.
602:.
575:"
375:F
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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