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1165:'s camp at great personal risk. After a considerable time arguing that he must see the Chief with the Ojibwe guards, who were under strict orders to shoot anyone, whether Ojibwe or White, who tried to cross the inner line and enter Hole in the Day's war camp, an older warrior, who was a Catholic convert, approached and said, "We have orders to allow no man to go beyond this line; now the black-robe says he must see the chiefs. There is no way of evading orders; we must carry the black-robe into the council. He thus does not go, but is carried, and that has not been forbidden."
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still able to take care of twelve missions, Indian, German, English-speaking. This year my Right Rev. Bishop urged me to retire and live with him or at least take charge of some small German mission. Two attacks of apoplexy endangered my life; but my homeopathic medicines soon restored my health. At the present I hear a continued buzzing sound in my ears, reminding me strongly that the time has come to prepare for my last mission journey."
468:. Father Pierz's letters describe how impressed he was by the zealous Ojibwa embrace of Catholicism, particularly by teenaged boys and young men, which Fr. Pierz described as the complete opposite of what he was accustomed to as a priest in Europe. They also reveal that, unlike local Protestant missionaries, Fr. Pierz did not believe in the then commonly held idea that, "Indians must be civilized before they can be Christianized."
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1489:, or some Indian mission he attended in America. A few minutes' drive would satisfy him, for he no longer remembered the order he had given the coachman. He left his memory and his mind among the red men. The writer of these lines remembers the aged missionary, bowed down with the weight of years, with a faraway look in his eyes, walking the streets of Laibach, but his spirit apparently wandering in the American forests."
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886:. He continued, "I do wish that the choicest pieces of land in this delightful Territory would become the property of thrifty Catholics who would make an earthly paradise of this Minnesota which Heaven has so richly blessed, and who would bear out the opinion that Germans prove to be the best farmers and the best Christians in America." He warned, however, "Do not bring with you any
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constant fun and good cheer. On his long trips if he had nothing to eat, it was alright, and if he had it it was alright, too. It took a good singer to outbeat him in singing the
Chippewa hymns which he constantly taught the Indians. He always had medicine of all sorts, especially round pills in vials or glass bottles and gave precise prescriptions."
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and the
Benedictine Sisters. St. Cloud and the surrounding countryside panicked and many young men volunteered for military service, only to be immediately withdrawn for military operations against the Dakota, which left St. Cloud defenseless. In response to an urgent plea from the Commanding Officer
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later wrote of Fr. Pierz, "Wielding a facile pen, gifted with poetic fancy, skilled in description, he filled week after week the columns of German papers in
America and Europe with vivid picturings of the region, beckoning thither all who craved for happy homes, who foresaw in the cultivation of the
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and see what a fine country was there. He came across and was so delighted that he wrote about it in all directions... Father Pierz then came over to my house and celebrated Mass, and from that time visited us monthly. He usually stayed with us from
Saturday till Monday, celebrating Mass on Sunday."
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John
Fairbanks, also of White Earth, later recalled, "Indians had great respect for him. He had a holy picture or medal for anyone who did anything for him, saying, 'Now, wear and don't lose it my little child and keep this holy picture'. He carried rosaries constantly. He was great to joke and made
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gale that it had been enthusiastically embraced. He later wrote, "We contended with powerful waves, and we slipped up and down the storm billows as if over the roof of a long city. The ice cold water dashed above our heads in the front of our bodies from neck to heel. A European unaccustomed to such
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His health, however, continued to decline. In a letter written on
January 20, 1872, Father Pierz declared, "During the past year, my eyesight has failed me so that I am unable to read newspapers anymore. In the eighty-seventh year of my life my health is perceptively declining. Two years ago, I was
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One of Fr. Pierz's particularly devout converts was a 15-year old Odawa girl who took the
Baptismal name of Marie and who died soon after entering the Church, but in whose sanctity Fr. Pierz firmly believed and upon whose intercession he later strongly relied. Fr. Pierz also composed a long work of
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passed down among Hole in the Day's extended family is that the Chief's non-Catholic relatives objected for different reasons to
Ignatius Hole in the Day's choice of burial. This is why they secretly dug up the Chief's body, and reburied him with traditional Ojibwe ritual at a secret location near
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Fr. Pierz later wrote of Marie, "Never did I know a more pious soul; never did I witness a more beautiful death than that of this pure young lady... Her blessed death accomplished much good in my mission, confirmed the faithful in piety, and brought about the conversion of many pagans. Henceforth,
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A missioner in
America is like a plaything in the hand of God. Sufferings and joys alternate constantly. No conquest for the Kingdom can be achieved here without exertion and the sweat of one's brow. Our dear Lord permits us to be humiliated and prepared by much suffering before he employs us as
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around his neck, visited pagan lodges, spoke amid many tears of the mercies of God regarding his own conversion and of the life of his blessed daughter, who thrice was granted the happiness of a vision of her transfigured Savior, and brought to me a number of
Indians eager to learn the Christian
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According to historian Fr. Robert J. Voigt, Fr. Pierz's decades of missionary work had taught him about the great importance of family connections within Odawa and Ojibwe culture, as well as the very deep love that parents feel for their children. With this in mind, Fr Pierz presented a bag of
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Also at Grand Portage, Pierz arranged for the clearing of a plot of farmland and orchard which, in keeping with Ojibwe ways, was owned and worked in common. He helped negotiate the sale of their surplus produce to nearby mining settlements. He founded a Catholic school for the children of the
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described Fr. Pierz's legacy as follows, "Father Francis X. Pierz, a missionary to Indians in central Minnesota, published a series of articles in 1851 in German Catholic newspapers advocating Catholic settlement in central Minnesota. Large numbers of immigrants, mainly German, but also
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In one such letter, Fr. Pierz wrote, "Make haste, dear Germans, to precede all others and pick the best places that are to be found in America for your settlement. You will certainly find the best land, the healthiest region, and all freedom, and you will be provided for spiritually."
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Other locations around St Cloud where Mass was offered by Fr. Pierz before the first Catholic church was built on the downtown site of the future St Cloud Federal Building included the John Schwartz home at 10 North 15th Avenue and the Rothkopp homestead along and overlooking the
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Ironically, the New Ulm Forty-Eighters' anti-Catholic procession may in reality have been motivated by fear over their increasing loss of social and political control. According to Kathleen Neils Conzen, "Thanks to the nature of its immigration, the church more than the
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and only gave it out to him in small portions. Dugal begged for the bottle but Pierz said, 'No, no, you my pig.' Dugal when drunk feared Pierz. Once as he saw Pierz entering a store and knowing he was under a good supple of liquor, Dugal hid himself under a
662:), when he said, "Father Pierz changed his clothes thoroughly once a year. And that was when he reached Sauk Rapids, where an Irish lady always had a new clean clothes laid out for him which she bought or made and she would quite force him to change."
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in Collegeville, requested that his father receive a Catholic burial. As the Chief had been seriously considering converting to Catholicism but had never actually been baptized, Hole in the Day was buried by Fr. Pierz, without a
655:) lady, the wife of a Canadian Frenchman. I am the owner of the table used as an altar on that occasion. Some time after this Father Pierz came among us, and subsequently built the first Catholic church at Sauk Rapids."
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at Crow Wing. This Dugal was quite pious but went on a spree once in a while – once a month. And Father Pierz would meet him in this condition and say to him in French, 'You are drunk again, my pig.' Once, on a trip to
1002:. Unable to be there to greet them, Father Pierz had left a letter for the party's leader, Father Demetrius de Marogna, by which he formally transferred his missions in and around Sauk Rapids to the jurisdiction of the
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Even though all other peace-making efforts had failed, Chief Hole in the Day immediately replied that he would call off the uprising. He then journeyed with Fr. Pierz to Crow Wing and signed a peace agreement with the
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According to Fr. John Seliskar, who knew Fr. Pierz in his last years, "The past for him was a blank; he had no realization of his surroundings. He would frequently hail a cab and request the driver to take him to
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Fr. Pierz had previously brought with him from Slovenia his 12-year-old nephew Joseph Notsch Jr., the son of his sister, Mrs. Apollonia Notsch. Joseph Notsch would accompany him on his trips, assist by serving
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Despite these events, Fr. Pierz considered the resentments felt by the Ojibwe and Dakota to be perfectly understandable. For example, in a September 1862 letter, Fr. Pierz expressed his thoughts about
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Clement Hudon Beaulieu and the other mixed race merchants with whom he had secretly hired the Pillager Band assassins, pretended at the time to be very scandalized by Fr. Pierz's burial of the Chief.
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could very easily be unleashed against the whole Ojibwe people, including their wives and their children. He ended by pleading with the Chief to negotiate peace with honor before it was too late.
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842:, describing the family's passage on the immigrant ship, her impressions of frontier life, and expressed joy for having emigrated to America. The letter was also published by Janez Bleiweis in
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In 1835, Pierz departed for the missions of the United States after years of being inspired by the published letters of the Slovenian missionary known as, "The Snowshoe Priest", and future
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at Fort Ripley, Fr. Pierz also left St. Cloud immediately, but ran towards the potential war zone rather than away from it. Upon reaching the war zone, Fr. Pierz approached Chief
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According to historian Kathleen Neils Conzen, "Within weeks of the publication of his letter, scouts from separate German Catholic settlements in northeastern and north-central
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Meanwhile, the Ojibwa dubbed Fr. Pierz, "Old Man, Black Gown." Viewing him as a man of great spiritual power, they occasionally stole his socks to use as a folk remedy against
1372:, in the unconsecrated section of the Roman Catholic cemetery at Old Crow Wing. In an interview during the 1920s, an elderly Catholic Ojibwe recalled that mobbed up Crow Wing
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about what he termed the foolishness of their intentions. He explained that there was already widespread outrage over the many settlers slain by the Dakota throughout the
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stone structure built in 1873. Stearns County retains in its German character and is still home to one of the largest rural Catholic populations in Anglo-America."
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summoned all the priests of his jurisdiction (some 30) to Saint Paul for a retreat. At the end of the retreat the Bishop insisted that Father Pierz celebrate his
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In 1863, Father Pierz sailed for Europe to recruit additional priests for the Minnesota missions. Among those who returned with him were fellow Slovenian priests
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Unable to care for both the settlers and the Ojibwa, Father Pierz pleaded with Bishop Crétin to send more priests to assist him. The Bishop wrote in response to
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who had founded and still dominated that settlement. Fr Pierz expressed a belief that the Dakota attack may have represented divine retribution for both the
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In Spring 1852, after a series of disputes with his bishop, Pierz secured a release from the Diocese of Detroit. He was recruited for the newly organized
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1426:. Most of the time it was the Mass of the Blessed Virgin, for Father Pierz had permission to say that Mass daily on account of his poor eyesight."
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The first Catholics to settle in what is now Stearns County were former Sauk Rapids pioneers James and Katherine Keough, who built a farmhouse and
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and, with many Ojibwe warriors, moved into Fort Ripley to help defend the fort against a possible attack from forces incited by Hole in the Day.
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settlers from the Northern Tier, Father Pierz tried at first to interest his fellow Slovenes to settle in the region, but with limited success.
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her parents lived very pious lives and zealously practiced their religion, but soon followed their daughter in death. Her father always wore the
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for desperately needed funds. Both European organizations had been formed to support Catholic missionaries abroad and were mainly funded by the
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1219:. Fr. Pierz described a recent New Ulm festival and parade which were, from a Catholic perspective, a very deliberate and insulting mockery of
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1666:(where 'Stearns County German' remains a recognized ethnicity today), and in 1905 negotiated with the Canadian authorities to establish the
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Ojibwe men to fight in the American Civil War. Largely in reaction to this rumor and warlike coaxing by Hole in the Day, a group from the
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instruments of His mercy in the conversion of the Pagans and allows us to enjoy the comforts of soul their spiritual rebirth causes."
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after giving the Last Rites to a dying Ojibwe Catholic. Fr. Pierz subsequently eulogized his deceased fellow missionary in a work of
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The following year, he was instrumental in bringing Mother Benedicta Riepp and a group of Benedictine nuns from the Abbey founded by
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According to Father Robert J. Voigt, "Father Pierz was loved by the priests and people alike. To give some examples: in 1865 Bishop
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from which he never entirely recovered, Father Pierz reluctantly accepted the limitations of age and retired to the predominantly
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The Slovene Ethnographic Museum in Ljubljana holds numerous rare American Indian artifacts collected and donated by Father Pierz.
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Father Pierz continues to be fondly remembered in both his native land and in central Minnesota. He remains a popular figure in
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it to some 900 individuals, Christians and Pagans. This he broke down prejudice and prepared the way for future conversions."
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festival parade and for what he considered the dishonorable behavior of local settlers' and corrupt Federal Indian Agents.
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364:, where Father Pierz fought to keep the struggling mission operating. He also sailed to other missions around the shores of
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robe. But Pierz chatted and stayed so long that Dugal finally gave up and, casting off the robe, said, 'Father, I confess!'
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tobacco as a sign that he came in peace. Fr Pierz then spoke to Hole in the Day and his followers for one half hour in the
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During an later interview, Father Aloysius was almost certainly referring to Mrs. James Keough (née Katherine Brady of
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To further convince other Minnesota Ojibwe to join his uprising, Chief Hole in the Day spread a false rumor that the
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A statue of Fr. Pierz, which celebrates his role as a missionary and peacemaker by showing an Ojibwe warrior and a
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Furthermore, according to Kathleen Neils Conzen, "Stearns County Germans early established daughter settlements at
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were also under his jurisdiction. In October 1839, the bishop ordered Pierz to move to take over the missions at
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After years of attempting to improve farming methods among the poor farmers of his parish, he published the book
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593:. Traveling on foot between his missions, Pierz carried on his back all that was necessary for saying Mass.
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From Slovenia to St. Stephen 39 pilgrims travel from the birthplace of Bishop James Trobec to his gravesite
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According to historian Fr. Robert Voigt, "Father Pierz was also the doctor for the Indians. He had his own
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Brinkman, Marilyn Salzi, "Family ties remain to priest who promoted settlement of Central Minnesota",
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mission. His letters provide a vivid glimpse into daily life on the mission. The Catholic missions at
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During an interview at White Earth during the 1920s, Mrs. Isabel (née Vanoss) Belcourt, formerly of
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in 1952. During the early 21st century, however, the statue was removed following protests by the
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According to Fr. Robert J. Voigt, "In Father Pierz's time, the Masses in this church were usually
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Franc Pirec: oce umme sajdere na Kranjskem in apostolski misijonar med Indijani v severni Ameriki
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Franc Pirec: oče umme sajdere na Kranjskem in apostolski misijonar med Indijani v severni Ameriki
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Franc Pirec: oče umme sajdere na Kranjskem in apostolski misijonar med Indijani v severni Ameriki
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Franc Pirec: oče umme sajdere na Kranjskem in apostolski misijonar med Indijani v severni Ameriki
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Furthermore, the cemetery and the two churches associated with it were destroyed by order of the
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dangers would have cried with fright; my Indians sang joyous spiritual songs with good courage."
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on 1 March 1854, Fr. Pierz urged, "Germans who live in overpopulated cities and are become too
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Chief known as Sharp Knife, Fr. Pierz was very successful at making converts, even though the
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had already frozen over, Father Pierz was prevented from immediately joining Father Baraga in
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Minority Language Writers in the Wake of World War One: A Case Study of Four European Authors
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Ljubljana: Inštitut za zgodovino Cerkve pri Teološki fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani, p. 339.
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Ljubljana: Inštitut za zgodovino Cerkve pri Teološki fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani, p. 339.
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http://www.pierzmn.org/index.asp?SEC=A5DBE2CB-8C5E-41EB-8C1C-A611FF5D86BD&Type=B_BASIC
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The other Ojibwe chiefs, however, did not agree with the idea of going to war against the
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Valley, and fifty pioneering families huddled in crude cabins that bitterly cold winter."
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Portrait of Francis Pierz from the book about his life written by Florentin Hrovat in 1887
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spoke out in favor of the Ojibwe joining forces with their traditional enemies, Chief
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Apollonia Notsch biographical file, Archive Room, Stearns County Historical Society,
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settlers arrived, staking out claims throughout what are today Morrison, Benton, and
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Sister M. Grace McDonald, O.S.B. (1957, first paperback edition published in 1980),
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on March 13, 1813, by Bishop Anton Kavčič. Two of his brothers also became priests.
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at which the congregation sang German songs accompanied by Mr Anthony Rauch on the
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New Ulm became by the end of the 19th century a Catholic stronghold overlooked by
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in Ojibwe, almost certainly that he learned from Bishop Baraga's hymnal, as well.
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MISSIONARY IS HONORED; Catholics Dedicate Father Pierz Statue at St. Cloud, Minn.
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epidemic broke out, and no regular doctor was available, the missionary sent for
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who worked as an agent for the company, had been instructing local Ojibwe in the
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Hočevar, Ksenja. 2014. "Nekoč slavno pokopališče, danes konjenica prestolnice."
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Usodna privlačnost Amerike: pričevanja izseljencev o prvih stikih z novim svetom
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land prosperity for themselves and their children. At the call of Father Pirec (
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in the employ of Americans and Protestants", to migrate as homesteaders to the
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during the 1920s by Father Benno Watrin, OSB. Taken from the Archives of the
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I remember an incident of Father Pierz and a man named Dugal, the Government
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was too numerous and too powerful for them to defeat, and what is now called
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When the news of the attempted uprising reached him, Fr. Pierz was visiting
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With his bishop unable to finance his work, Father Pierz had to rely on the
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1384:
1369:
1303:
1279:
1259:
1131:
914:
887:
835:
760:
640:
255:
3179:
1764:
missionaries and pioneers had played in the building of Central Minnesota.
1510:
arcade porch at the former site of St Christopher's Cemetery in Ljubljana.
1014:
212:(Bela Peč, in Slovene), he was appointed parish priest of the villages of
3369:
3194:
3074:
2904:
2240:
The Diary of Bishop Frederic Baraga: First Bishop of Marquette, Michigan.
1235:
1215:
during two recent battles between local German-American settlers and the
1112:
987:
543:
531:
496:
3459:
3184:
3084:
3044:
2969:
1752:
In 2018 a group of 39 Slovenian pilgrims visited both St. Cloud and the
1457:, where he lived for several years as a permanent guest in the Diocesan
3510:
3505:
3500:
3414:
3314:
3309:
3089:
3079:
3014:
1791:
1786:
1682:, which was Fr. Pierz's last parish assignment before returning to the
1628:
1446:
1127:
1093:
961:
937:
864:
800:
703:
617:
519:
492:
360:
In the summer of 1836, Bishop Rese transferred Pierz to the mission of
167:
3164:
2830:
562:
3304:
3119:
2615:
Rev. John Seliskar, "The Reverend Francis Pirec, Indian Missionary,"
1729:
1553:
1538:
1454:
1400:
1200:
991:
918:
815:
613:
461:
427:
419:
302:
275:
217:
186:
159:
84:
76:
68:
3847:
Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Saint Paul and Minneapolis
3254:
3159:
752:
in 1851, it declared much of southern and central Minnesota open to
3614:
3480:
3334:
3324:
3049:
2863:
2784:
America's Religious Architecture: Sacred Places for Every Community
1442:
1419:
1182:
1076:
1053:
941:
922:
902:
846:, and convinced other Slovenes to follow the Notsch family's lead.
605:
581:
Father Pierz was assigned a mission field, comprising the whole of
523:
318:
163:
140:
116:
64:
3429:
3339:
3019:
2885:
Franc Pirc (1785–1880): Sadjar na Kranjskem in misijonar v Ameriki
2771:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2709:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2574:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2550:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2499:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2458:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2415:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2402:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
2005:
Pierzana II: The Religious and Secular History of Pierz, Minnesota
1735:
A large collection of his letters and poetry are preserved in the
1502:
1258:
remained at the center of Minnesota's German community life. Even
1066:
Spomenik Lovrencu Lavtižaru, bivšemu misijonarju v severni Ameriki
648:
456:
120:
108:
3344:
3204:
1795:
1599:
Statue of Francis Xavier Pierz, which formerly stood in front of
1255:
1239:
965:
906:
633:
527:
72:
2847:
Central Minnesota Catholic: Magazine of the Diocese of St. Cloud
1044:
In 1857, Fr. Pierz also invited fellow Slovenian missionary Fr.
690:
639:
Keough later recalled, "The congregation present was made up of
213:
3354:
3269:
3189:
3144:
3139:
3099:
2949:
1725:
1611:, with stories about him passed down among both the Ojibwa and
1450:
1437:
The Franciscan Monastery Church in Kamnik, as it appears today.
1423:
1380:
1274:
803:
476:
373:
353:
124:
60:
2989:
1472:, where Father Pierz lived out the last years of his life, at
1036:
A Plaque commemorating Fr. Lavtižar inside Assumption Church,
822:. The Notsch family was accused at the time of foolishness by
293:
on September 16, where he presented his credentials to Bishop
3419:
3249:
2859:
2428:
In Charity Unfeigned: The Life of Father Francis Xavier Pierz
2385:
Worship and Work: Saint John's Abbey and University 1856-1956
2281:. St. Paul, Minnesota: Borealis Books. p. xii(preface).
2138:
Worship and Work: Saint John's Abbey and University 1856-1956
1530:
1445:
to live out his last years. After spending the winter at the
972:
732:
621:
512:
325:
21:
1336:, on January 19, 1868, Fr. Pierz eulogized him in a work of
960:) there came crowds of settlers, sturdy sons of Rheinland,
910:
628:, and owned by James Keough, a former merchant seaman from
446:
and selling their catches for a considerable profit to the
384:
1957:
Ojibwe Singers: Hymns, Grief, and Native Culture in Motion
2892:
In Charity Unfeigned: The Life of Father Francis X. Pierz
2528:. St. Paul, Minnesota: Borealis Books. pp. 206–207.
2447:; Volume I, H.R. Cooper & Co. Chicago. Pages 628-635.
2317:"Bagone-giizhig (Hole-in-the-Day the Younger), 1825–1868"
2305:; Volume I, H.R. Cooper & Co. Chicago. Pages 628-635.
2238:
Walling, Regis M., & N. Daniel N. Rupp (eds.). 1990.
1461:. The Austro-Hungarian Crown awarded him a full pension.
957:
652:
103:
91:
in 1851, Fr. Pierz is referred to as the "Father of the
1693:
settler kneeling before him, was dedicated in front of
438:
in 1803. The Ojibwa Indians living there had turned to
2593:
2591:
1355:
in the Gull Lake road by twelve hired gunmen from the
849:
Fr. Pierz also decided to promote the territory among
2901:. St. Cloud, Minnesota: Diocese of Saint Cloud, 1989.
2894:. St. Cloud, Minnesota: Diocese of Saint Cloud, 1952.
1821:
We are all ‘living stones,’ descendants of immigrants
1092:
in 1861, some Ojibwe had volunteered to serve in the
578:
urgently needed priests to serve his vast territory.
495:, instead of allowing the Church to become a tool of
2721:"Navje – spominski park slovenske zgodovine." 2007.
2659:"Navje – spominski park slovenske zgodovine." 2007.
1732:, his last parish assignment before going to the US.
589:. He established his headquarters in the village of
3732:
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States
2866:, May 1, 1836. From a translation published by the
2588:
1662:, and Pierz in Morrison County, later flooded into
511:and trained the Grand Portage parish choir to sing
2346:. St. Paul, Minnesota: Borealis Books. p. 7.
281:Following a particularly difficult and terrifying
79:. Because his letters convinced numerous Catholic
2242:Detroit: Wayne State University Press, pp. 59–60.
1359:, his son Ignatius Hole in the Day, a convert to
1332:Following the death of his former mentor, Bishop
826:, the highly influential editor of the newspaper
3852:Roman Catholic missionaries in the United States
3693:
1825:Sartell, St. Stephen, and St. Joseph Newsleaders
1794:, Father Pierz got a hold of Dugal's supply of
1514:Father Pierz died on January 22, 1880. After a
1329:. Afterwards a dinner was given in his honor."
725:Chief was seen decked out in these vestments."
285:crossing that he later versified in the poem ''
48:) (November 20, 1785 – January 22, 1880) was a
1622:historian of America's religious architecture
1441:On September 6, 1873, Father Pierz sailed for
1023:St. Benedict's Convent, College, and Monastery
410:On June 28, 1838, he reached Father Baraga at
344:about Marie's life and death, which he titled
2920:
2514:, Druzba sv. Mohora v Celovcu. Pages 108-109.
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
1123:caused a great amount of terror at the fort.
616:, located midway between Sauk Rapids and the
3747:Catholic Church and minority language rights
3717:19th-century American Roman Catholic priests
1142:, took prisoners, and marched to Crow Wing.
909:, northeastern, north-central, and southern
143:). On November 20, 1785, he was baptized as
3782:History of Catholicism in the United States
2267:, Družba sv. Mohora v Celovcu. Pages 74-75.
2154:
2152:
2150:
1937:, Družba sv. Mohora v Celovcu. Pages 28-30.
1906:, Družba sv. Mohora v Celovcu. Pages 10-14.
1048:to Minnesota, where he was assigned to the
430:depot had declined with the removal of the
2934:
2927:
2913:
2858:Father Pierz to Father Augustine Sluga of
2076:
1745:The St. Francis Xavier Catholic school in
552:Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians
336:was a terrible struggle for him to learn.
2756:Benedik, Metod, & Angel Kralj. 1998.
2694:Benedik, Metod, & Angel Kralj. 1998.
2470:"The Scourge of God" on German "Infidels"
853:Catholics. Writing in newspapers such as
600:in the St. Cloud area was offered by Fr.
2636:
2634:
2147:
1594:
1573:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1501:
1463:
1432:
1273:
1195:
1075:
1031:
731:
689:
612:, in 1851. The Mass took place inside a
561:
470:
394:
238:
189:in the fall of 1810 and was ordained at
158:, Francis Pierz was raised and educated
102:
20:
2232:
990:priests from Pennsylvania arrived on a
507:, Fr. Pierz preached and taught in the
3817:People from the Municipality of Kamnik
3694:
2831:Reverend Francis Xavier Pierz Monument
2523:
2341:
2276:
1721:as the Reverend Father Pierz Monument.
368:, where he served Catholics among the
3887:Slovenian Roman Catholic missionaries
3862:Slovene-American culture in Minnesota
3857:Roman Catholic missionaries in Canada
3827:People from Ashland County, Wisconsin
2908:
2631:
1321:as a priest. He did so by offering a
3822:People from Harbor Springs, Michigan
3802:Native American history of Minnesota
3772:German-American culture in Minnesota
3722:American people of Slovenian descent
2526:The Assassination of Hole in the Day
2344:The Assassination of Hole in the Day
2279:The Assassination of Hole in the Day
2245:
1868:
1866:
1756:to pay tribute to Fr. Pierz, Bishop
1737:Archives of the Republic of Slovenia
1203:'s 1904 painting "Attack on New Ulm"
932:In May 1855, an even larger wave of
788:), meaning "The Morning Star", and (
16:American-Slovenian writer and priest
3797:Native American history of Michigan
1497:
1492:
986:. On May 21, 1856, a party of five
796:), meaning, "The Priests' Forest."
554:). He remained there for 12 years.
252:Dictionary of the Otchipwe Language
13:
2877:
2758:Škofijske vizitacije Tomaža Hrena.
2696:Škofijske vizitacije Tomaža Hrena.
1713:, and the other abuses within the
1071:
1056:while returning across the ice of
324:With the assistance of a Catholic
181:in both languages. He entered the
14:
3903:
2314:
1863:
1399:In 1871, following a battle with
1138:burned down the Indian Agency in
698:, Minnesota, as it appears today.
348:("The Song of the Indian Girl").
3742:Carniolan Roman Catholic priests
3573:
2868:Central-Blatt and Social Justice
1893:. Ljubljana: Nova revija, p. 54.
1579:, in 1955, in order to create a
1191:United States Federal Government
1147:United States Federal Government
905:, southwestern and northwestern
742:United States Federal Government
434:'s inland headquarters north to
424:Grand Portage Indian Reservation
2852:
2836:
2824:
2806:
2789:
2786:, Preservation Press. Page 146.
2776:
2763:
2750:
2732:
2714:
2701:
2688:
2670:
2652:
2622:
2609:
2600:
2579:
2566:
2555:
2542:
2517:
2504:
2491:
2474:
2463:
2450:
2437:
2420:
2407:
2394:
2377:
2360:
2335:
2308:
2295:
2270:
2257:
2223:
2206:
2189:
2180:
2167:
2130:
2115:
2061:
2046:
2034:
2019:
2010:
1997:
1988:
1975:
1966:
1949:
1940:
1874:Father Francis Pierz Missionary
1851:. Kamnik. 1784–1804. p. 55
1728:monument to him was erected in
1474:Sts. Cyril and Methodius Square
706:. As he had previously done at
464:and preparing them to join the
315:Little Traverse Bay Reservation
3712:19th-century Carniolan writers
2795:Kathleen Neils Conzen (2003),
2552:, Self Published. Pages 17-18.
2480:Kathleen Neils Conzen (2003),
2460:, Self Published. Pages 15-16.
2443:William Bell Mitchell (1915),
2417:, Self Published. Pages 15-16.
2404:, Self Published. Pages 14-15.
2323:. Minnesota Historical Society
2301:William Bell Mitchell (1915),
2212:Kathleen Neils Conzen (2003),
2195:Kathleen Neils Conzen (2003),
1927:
1918:
1909:
1896:
1883:
1839:
1830:
1814:
647:. The altar was prepared by a
624:and 3/4 miles inland from the
400:Ojibwe Wigwam at Grand Portage
243:Bishop Frederic Baraga in his
166:and fluent enough in both the
115:Father Pierz was born into an
1:
3635:Tunjice Natural Health Resort
2833:, Historical Marker Database.
2628:Furlan (1952), pages 240–243.
2606:Furlan (1952), pages 239–240.
2510:P. Florentine Hrovat (1887),
2263:P. Florentine Hrovat (1887),
2229:Furlan (1952), pages 196–197.
2186:Furlan (1952), pages 195–196.
2016:Furlan (1952), pages 154–156.
1994:Furlan (1852), pages 148–155.
1972:Furlan (1852), pages 148–155.
1933:P. Florentine Hrovat (1887),
1902:P. Florentine Hrovat (1887),
1823:, by Marilyn Salzl Brinkman,
1807:
1585:Communist Party of Yugoslavia
1269:
566:Bishop Joseph Crétin, c.1850.
234:
107:Father Pierz's birthplace of
98:
3832:People from Pierz, Minnesota
3792:Native American Christianity
3752:Catholic Church in Minnesota
2801:Minnesota Historical Society
2486:Minnesota Historical Society
2218:Minnesota Historical Society
2201:Minnesota Historical Society
1961:Minnesota Historical Society
1637:St. Mary, Help of Christians
1583:for the 7th Congress of the
1531:Saint Christopher's Cemetery
746:Treaty of Traverse des Sioux
557:
287:Pesmi od svojega popotovanja
270:, who worked in present-day
204:of the mountain parishes of
89:Treaty of Traverse des Sioux
7:
2739:"Gospodarsko razstavišče."
2677:"Gospodarsko razstavišče."
2370:, Saint Benedicta Convent,
2043:, 26 October, 1856, page 3.
1955:Michael D. McNally (2000),
1924:Furlan (1952), pages 78–80.
1915:Furlan (1952), pages 73–78.
1749:is also named in his honor.
1546:Axis occupation of Slovenia
1342:Pesem od misijonarja Baraga
1050:Red Lake Indian Reservation
660:Spanish Point, County Clare
289:, Fr. Pierz arrived in the
272:Upper Peninsula of Michigan
202:Catholic Church in Slovenia
10:
3908:
2899:Crow Wing and Father Pierz
2773:, Self Published. Page 18.
2711:, Self Published. Page 18.
2576:, Self Published. Page 18.
2501:, Self Published. Page 19.
2007:, Self Published. Page 11.
1779:
1296:Morrison County, Minnesota
1080:An 1858 Portrait of Chief
763:on the modern site of the
736:Francis Xavier Pierz, 1864
3653:
3582:
3571:
3473:
2957:
2942:
2782:Marilyn J. Chiat (1997),
2445:History of Stearns County
2387:, Order of St. Benedict,
2383:Coleman J. Barry (1956),
2303:History of Stearns County
2140:, Order of St. Benedict,
2136:Coleman J. Barry (1956),
2102:College of Saint Benedict
1768:
1715:residential school system
1590:
346:Pesmi od ajdovske deklice
3872:Slovenian Catholic poets
3867:Slovene-American history
3767:Catholics from Wisconsin
3762:Catholics from Minnesota
3737:Carniolan Catholic poets
2821:, Sept. 16, 1952, p. 31.
2619:, II (July 1911), p. 87.
2585:Furlan (1952), page 239.
2121:"Early Parish History",
2094:Stories of Father Pierz,
2067:"Early Parish History",
2052:"Early Parish History",
2041:Sauk Rapids Frontiersman
2025:"Early Parish History",
1889:Drnovšek, Marjan. 1998.
1703:American Indian Movement
1686:, is named in his honor.
1449:monastery in his native
1407:parish of Rich Prairie,
1347:After the June 27, 1868
1226:and the doctrine of the
1156:and staying with Mother
548:Harbor Springs, Michigan
305:and was assigned to the
3777:German-American history
3757:Catholics from Michigan
3300:Srednja Vas pri Kamniku
2426:William Furlan (1952),
2389:Collegeville, Minnesota
2372:Saint Joseph, Minnesota
2142:Collegeville, Minnesota
2127:, 10 June 1885, Page 3.
2098:White Earth Reservation
2073:, 10 June 1885, Page 3.
2058:, 10 June 1885, Page 3.
2031:, 10 June 1885, Page 3.
1946:Furlan (1952), page 80.
1684:Austro-Hungarian Empire
1615:Catholics of the area.
1327:Cathedral of Saint Paul
1224:Eucharistic processions
1088:At the outbreak of the
980:Saint Vincent Archabbey
610:Long Prairie, Minnesota
479:at Grand Portage, 2009.
63:Indians in present-day
3892:Writers from Minnesota
3640:Volčji Potok Arboretum
3610:Menina Pasture Plateau
3595:Kamnik Bistrica Valley
2936:Municipality of Kamnik
2845:, By Kristi Anderson,
2597:Voigt (1989), page 24.
2524:Treuer, Anton (2011).
2432:Diocese of Saint Cloud
2342:Treuer, Anton (2011).
2277:Treuer, Anton (2011).
1836:Furlan (1952), page 3.
1805:
1777:
1707:linguistic imperialism
1604:
1523:Janez Zlatoust Pogačar
1511:
1481:
1438:
1283:
1209:the recent destruction
1204:
1179:United States military
1085:
1041:
996:Sauk Rapids, Minnesota
793:
785:
737:
699:
604:, a missionary to the
567:
501:linguistic imperialism
480:
426:). The formerly great
407:
383:Even though Christian
259:
254:. Photograph taken by
175:Standard Austro-German
112:
111:, as it appears today.
93:Diocese of Saint Cloud
55:and missionary to the
45:
37:
26:
3410:Zagorica nad Kamnikom
3330:Trebelno pri Palovčah
2947:Administrative seat:
2106:St. Joseph, Minnesota
1985:, Palgrave. Page 219.
1783:
1772:
1754:Church of St. Stephen
1598:
1529:, he was interred in
1505:
1467:
1436:
1383:author and historian
1365:St. John's University
1308:Bishop of Saint Cloud
1277:
1199:
1079:
1035:
984:Latrobe, Pennsylvania
925:had converged on the
840:St. Joseph, Minnesota
735:
693:
667:Ludwig-Missionsverein
572:Diocese of Saint Paul
565:
475:Lake Superior Ojibwe
474:
398:
242:
229:The Carniolan Gardner
196:After seven years as
106:
83:to settle in Central
53:Roman Catholic priest
24:
3882:Slovenian male poets
3837:Poets from Minnesota
3676:Francis Xavier Pierz
3600:Kamnik Parish Church
3400:Vrhpolje pri Kamniku
3240:Rudnik pri Radomljah
2797:Germans in Minnesota
2482:Germans in Minnesota
2214:Germans in Minnesota
2197:Germans in Minnesota
2175:St. Cloud, Minnesota
2163:, September 19, 2017
2110:St. Cloud, Minnesota
1827:, 21 September 2017.
1760:, and the role that
1527:Diocese of Ljubljana
1154:St. Cloud, Minnesota
778:Beaver Islands Trail
678:House of Wittelsbach
671:Leopoldinen-Stiftung
448:American Fur Company
412:La Pointe, Wisconsin
378:Algonquian languages
30:Francis Xavier Pierz
3812:Ojibwe in Minnesota
3590:Big Pasture Plateau
3385:Vodice nad Kamnikom
2980:Brezje nad Kamnikom
2803:Press. Pages 26-27.
2203:Press. Pages 20-21.
1981:Jelle Krol (2020),
1880:, vol. 10, 107–125.
1711:English only policy
1478:Ljubljana Cathedral
884:Minnesota Territory
876:Der Wahrheitsfreund
861:The Friend of Truth
856:Der Wahrheitsfreund
583:Minnesota Territory
520:homeopathic methods
264:Bishop of Marquette
210:Fusine in Valromana
191:Ljubljana Cathedral
123:, near the town of
3787:Minnesota folklore
3625:St. Primus' Church
3230:Ravne pri Šmartnem
3220:Praproče v Tuhinju
3035:Gradišče v Tuhinju
3010:Črni Vrh v Tuhinju
2995:Češnjice v Tuhinju
2883:Drnovšek, Marjan.
2818:The New York Times
2368:With Lamps Burning
1762:Slovenian-American
1747:Sartell, Minnesota
1695:St. Cloud Hospital
1609:Minnesota folklore
1605:
1601:St. Cloud Hospital
1558:Royal Italian Army
1521:offered by Bishop
1512:
1482:
1480:in the background.
1439:
1340:, which he titled
1288:Joseph Francis Buh
1284:
1264:a Lutheran college
1213:New Ulm, Minnesota
1205:
1101:Dakota War of 1862
1090:American Civil War
1086:
1064:, which he titled
1042:
1019:Kingdom of Bavaria
1000:Saint John's Abbey
834:from her family's
832:Slovenian diaspora
738:
700:
602:Francis de Vivaldi
568:
481:
440:commercial fishing
432:North West Company
408:
291:Diocese of Detroit
260:
119:peasant family in
113:
50:Slovenian-American
27:
3689:
3688:
3569:
3568:
3425:Zavrh pri Črnivcu
3260:Šmartno v Tuhinju
3150:Okrog pri Motniku
3060:Kamniška Bistrica
3000:Cirkuše v Tuhinju
2890:Furlan, William.
2769:Robert J. Voigt,
2707:Robert J. Voigt,
2572:Robert J. Voigt,
2548:Robert J. Voigt,
2535:978-0-87351-779-9
2497:Robert J. Voigt,
2456:Robert J. Voigt,
2413:Robert J. Voigt,
2400:Robert J. Voigt,
2353:978-0-87351-779-9
2288:978-0-87351-779-9
2096:collected on the
2003:Robert J. Voigt,
1878:Minnesota History
1872:Grace McDonald, "
1670:in north-central
1618:Writing in 1997,
1560:and used to make
1535:Bežigrad District
1411:. It was renamed
1361:Roman Catholicism
1177:valley, that the
1140:Walker, Minnesota
1136:Leech Lake Ojibwe
1004:Benedictine Order
898:, or agitators."
794:das Priester Wald
769:Mississippi River
685:House of Habsburg
626:Mississippi River
313:, in what is now
177:to later compose
156:Emperor Joseph II
133:Duchy of Carniola
3899:
3577:
3375:Veliki Rakitovec
3245:Sela pri Kamniku
3040:Hrib pri Kamniku
3005:Črna pri Kamniku
2955:
2954:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2871:
2856:
2850:
2849:, July 26, 2018.
2840:
2834:
2828:
2822:
2810:
2804:
2793:
2787:
2780:
2774:
2767:
2761:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2718:
2712:
2705:
2699:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2638:
2629:
2626:
2620:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2570:
2564:
2559:
2553:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2521:
2515:
2508:
2502:
2495:
2489:
2478:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2454:
2448:
2441:
2435:
2434:. Pages 200–203.
2424:
2418:
2411:
2405:
2398:
2392:
2381:
2375:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2312:
2306:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2274:
2268:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2221:
2210:
2204:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2156:
2145:
2134:
2128:
2119:
2113:
2091:
2074:
2065:
2059:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2008:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1986:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1964:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1907:
1900:
1894:
1887:
1881:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1828:
1818:
1719:Pierz, Minnesota
1680:Pierz, Minnesota
1668:St. Peter Colony
1624:Marilyn J. Chiat
1577:Joseph Broz Tito
1569:Marxist-Leninist
1550:Second World War
1498:Death and burial
1493:Death and legacy
1363:and graduate of
1349:contract killing
1338:Slovenian poetry
1323:Solemn High Mass
1266:on its bluffs."
1238:German-American
1109:Mississippi Band
1062:Slovenian poetry
1046:Lovrenc Lavtižar
694:The townsite of
682:Austro-Hungarian
645:French Canadians
483:In obedience to
362:Sault Ste. Marie
342:Slovenian poetry
225:Kranjski Vertnar
198:assistant pastor
179:Christian poetry
171:Slovene language
145:Franz Xav. Pierz
81:German Americans
3907:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3877:Slovenian poets
3727:American poetry
3692:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3666:France Balantič
3649:
3578:
3565:
3469:
3440:Zgornje Stranje
3435:Zgornje Palovče
3380:Vir pri Nevljah
3295:Spodnje Stranje
3290:Spodnje Palovče
2953:
2938:
2933:
2897:Voigt, Robert.
2880:
2878:Further reading
2875:
2874:
2857:
2853:
2841:
2837:
2829:
2825:
2811:
2807:
2794:
2790:
2781:
2777:
2768:
2764:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2719:
2715:
2706:
2702:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2639:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2614:
2610:
2605:
2601:
2596:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2571:
2567:
2560:
2556:
2547:
2543:
2536:
2522:
2518:
2509:
2505:
2496:
2492:
2488:Press. Page 41.
2479:
2475:
2468:
2464:
2455:
2451:
2442:
2438:
2425:
2421:
2412:
2408:
2399:
2395:
2382:
2378:
2365:
2361:
2354:
2340:
2336:
2326:
2324:
2315:Stone, Andrew.
2313:
2309:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2258:
2250:
2246:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2220:Press. Page 21.
2211:
2207:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2172:
2168:
2161:St. Cloud Times
2157:
2148:
2135:
2131:
2124:St. Cloud Times
2120:
2116:
2092:
2077:
2070:St. Cloud Times
2066:
2062:
2055:St. Cloud Times
2051:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2028:St. Cloud Times
2024:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1963:Press. Page 78.
1954:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1901:
1897:
1888:
1884:
1871:
1864:
1854:
1852:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1782:
1771:
1724:In Slovenia, a
1701:chapter of the
1691:German-American
1620:Jewish-American
1593:
1571:Premier of the
1544:As part of the
1500:
1495:
1470:Bishop's Palace
1415:in his honor.
1409:Morrison County
1405:German-speaking
1353:Hole in the Day
1334:Frederic Baraga
1272:
1175:Minnesota River
1171:Ojibwe language
1163:Hole in the Day
1158:Benedicta Riepp
1105:Hole in the Day
1082:Hole in the Day
1074:
1072:1862 peacemaker
998:. They founded
976:Boniface Wimmer
892:Red Republicans
874:In a letter to
851:German-American
786:der Morgenstern
719:Otter Tail Lake
712:Ojibwe language
608:reservation in
574:, where Bishop
560:
530:and personally
509:Ojibwe language
503:, and coercive
485:Pope Gregory XI
466:Catholic Church
404:Eastman Johnson
334:Ojibwe language
268:Frederic Baraga
237:
137:Austrian Empire
101:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3905:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3681:Jakob Savinšek
3678:
3673:
3671:Rudolf Maister
3668:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3654:Notable people
3651:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3645:Zaprice Castle
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3579:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3450:Zgornji Tuhinj
3447:
3445:Zgornji Motnik
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3365:Velika Planina
3362:
3357:
3352:
3350:Tunjiška Mlaka
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3265:Smrečje v Črni
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3125:Mali Rakitovec
3122:
3117:
3115:Loke v Tuhinju
3112:
3107:
3105:Laze v Tuhinju
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2961:
2959:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2887:. Naklo, 2003.
2879:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2851:
2835:
2823:
2805:
2788:
2775:
2762:
2749:
2731:
2713:
2700:
2687:
2669:
2651:
2630:
2621:
2608:
2599:
2587:
2578:
2565:
2554:
2541:
2534:
2516:
2503:
2490:
2473:
2462:
2449:
2436:
2419:
2406:
2393:
2376:
2374:. Pages 36-55.
2359:
2352:
2334:
2307:
2294:
2287:
2269:
2256:
2244:
2231:
2222:
2205:
2188:
2179:
2166:
2146:
2129:
2114:
2075:
2060:
2045:
2033:
2018:
2009:
1996:
1987:
1974:
1965:
1948:
1939:
1926:
1917:
1908:
1895:
1882:
1862:
1838:
1829:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1781:
1778:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1750:
1743:
1740:
1733:
1722:
1687:
1660:Douglas County
1641:Gothic Revival
1592:
1589:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1453:, he moved to
1389:oral tradition
1374:political boss
1319:Golden Jubilee
1271:
1268:
1244:Forty-Eighters
1232:anti-Christian
1221:Corpus Christi
1130:would soon be
1073:
1070:
1011:Saint Walpurga
921:, and central
824:Janez Bleiweis
799:Noticing many
630:County Wexford
559:
556:
542:, Ontario and
505:language death
452:Pierre Picotte
330:Ottawa dialect
311:L'Arbre Croche
295:Frederick Rese
283:Atlantic Ocean
250:, holding his
236:
233:
183:major seminary
147:. Despite the
117:ethnic Slovene
100:
97:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3904:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3630:Tuhinj Valley
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3605:Little Castle
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3576:
3562:
3561:Zgornji Okrog
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3546:Spodnji Okrog
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3466:
3465:Županje Njive
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2918:
2916:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2855:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2832:
2827:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2785:
2779:
2772:
2766:
2759:
2753:
2744:
2742:
2735:
2726:
2725:(1 November).
2724:
2717:
2710:
2704:
2697:
2691:
2682:
2680:
2673:
2664:
2663:(1 November).
2662:
2655:
2646:
2644:
2637:
2635:
2625:
2618:
2617:Acta et Dicta
2612:
2603:
2594:
2592:
2582:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2558:
2551:
2545:
2537:
2531:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2507:
2500:
2494:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2466:
2459:
2453:
2446:
2440:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2416:
2410:
2403:
2397:
2390:
2386:
2380:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2355:
2349:
2345:
2338:
2322:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2298:
2290:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2260:
2253:
2252:Acta et Dicta
2248:
2241:
2235:
2226:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2037:
2030:
2029:
2022:
2013:
2006:
2000:
1991:
1984:
1978:
1969:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1943:
1936:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1905:
1899:
1892:
1886:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1867:
1850:
1849:
1842:
1833:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1788:
1776:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1739:in Ljubljana.
1738:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1597:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1509:
1504:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1379:According to
1377:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1357:Pillager Band
1354:
1350:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1300:Ignaz Tomazin
1297:
1293:
1289:
1281:
1276:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1260:free-thinking
1257:
1251:
1249:
1248:anti-Catholic
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:anti-theistic
1233:
1229:
1228:Real Presence
1225:
1222:
1218:
1217:Dakota people
1214:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1117:Dakota people
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1083:
1078:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
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1038:Kranjska Gora
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766:
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756:settlement.
755:
751:
750:Dakota people
747:
743:
734:
730:
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724:
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709:
708:Grand Portage
705:
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696:Old Crow Wing
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585:north of the
584:
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576:Joseph Crétin
573:
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489:règle d'idiom
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444:Lake Superior
441:
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429:
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416:Grand Portage
413:
405:
402:, painted by
401:
397:
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389:Lake Superior
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366:Lake Superior
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299:Lake Superior
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152:Germanisation
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3390:Volčji Potok
3360:Velika Lašna
3215:Potok v Črni
2948:
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2826:
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2746:(in Slovene)
2740:
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2722:
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2695:
2690:
2684:(in Slovene)
2678:
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2642:
2624:
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2602:
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2427:
2422:
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2396:
2384:
2379:
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2343:
2337:
2325:. Retrieved
2320:
2310:
2302:
2297:
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2272:
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2259:
2251:
2247:
2239:
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2225:
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2169:
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2093:
2068:
2063:
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2048:
2040:
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2012:
2004:
1999:
1990:
1982:
1977:
1968:
1956:
1951:
1942:
1934:
1929:
1920:
1911:
1903:
1898:
1890:
1885:
1877:
1855:December 30,
1853:. Retrieved
1847:
1841:
1832:
1824:
1816:
1784:
1773:
1758:James Trobec
1678:The city of
1672:Saskatchewan
1664:North Dakota
1645:
1617:
1613:White ethnic
1606:
1566:
1543:
1519:Requiem Mass
1513:
1508:Neoclassical
1483:
1440:
1428:
1417:
1398:
1392:the town of
1385:Anton Treuer
1378:
1370:Requiem Mass
1346:
1341:
1331:
1315:Thomas Grace
1312:
1306:(the future
1304:James Trobec
1292:Buh Township
1285:
1280:James Trobec
1252:
1206:
1187:
1167:
1151:
1144:
1132:conscripting
1125:
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1087:
1065:
1043:
1008:
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953:John Ireland
950:
938:Luxembourger
931:
915:Pennsylvania
900:
888:Freethinkers
875:
873:
869:
863:), based in
860:
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848:
843:
827:
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798:
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765:St. Cloud VA
758:
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664:
657:
638:
595:
580:
569:
540:Fort William
536:
532:administered
517:
482:
455:
436:Fort William
409:
399:
382:
376:, who spoke
359:
350:
345:
338:
323:
286:
280:
261:
256:Mathew Brady
251:
228:
224:
222:
195:
162:. He became
154:campaign by
144:
114:
41:
29:
28:
18:
3707:1880 deaths
3702:1785 births
3370:Veliki Hrib
3280:Sovinja Peč
3195:Podstudenec
2943:Settlements
2870:, May 1934.
2327:February 6,
1656:Millerville
1652:Todd County
1548:during the
1394:White Earth
1298:is named),
1121:Fort Ripley
1113:Little Crow
1099:During the
1040:, Slovenia.
988:Benedictine
951:Archbishop
744:signed the
587:Twin Cities
544:Isle Royale
497:colonialism
428:fur trading
357:religion."
248:choir dress
160:bilingually
135:within the
46:Franz Pierz
42:Franc Pirec
3696:Categories
3620:Snovik Spa
3531:Peteržilje
3516:Nova Ravan
3511:Nadlistnik
3506:Mala Ravan
3501:Jastroblje
3415:Zajasovnik
3395:Vranja Peč
3315:Stebljevek
3310:Stara Sela
3225:Pšajnovica
3080:Kregarjevo
3065:Klemenčevo
3015:Gabrovnica
2975:Bistričica
2391:. Page 70.
2144:. Page 37.
1808:References
1792:Leech Lake
1787:blacksmith
1648:West Union
1581:fairground
1516:Tridentine
1447:Franciscan
1420:Low Masses
1290:(for whom
1270:Later life
1256:union hall
1128:Union Army
1094:Union Army
1027:St. Joseph
962:Westphalia
948:counties.
927:Sauk River
917:, eastern
913:, western
880:Anglicized
865:Cincinnati
801:Protestant
740:After the
704:rheumatism
649:half-breed
618:ghost town
596:The first
493:vernacular
340:narrative
235:Missionary
168:vernacular
99:Early life
87:after the
44:; German:
38:Franc Pirc
3583:Landmarks
3305:Stahovica
3180:Podhruška
3120:Mali Hrib
2645:(6 July).
1730:Podbrezje
1699:St. Cloud
1629:Slovenian
1562:pillboxes
1554:Wehrmacht
1539:Ljubljana
1455:Ljubljana
1401:pneumonia
1351:of Chief
1201:Anton Gag
1015:Eichstätt
992:steamboat
919:Wisconsin
836:homestead
816:New World
761:homestead
748:with the
614:log cabin
606:Winnebago
591:Crow Wing
558:Minnesota
522:. When a
487:'s 1373 "
462:Catechism
422:(now the
420:Minnesota
303:Wisconsin
276:Wisconsin
266:, Father
245:episcopal
218:Podbrezje
187:Ljubljana
85:Minnesota
77:Minnesota
69:Wisconsin
3615:Nevljica
3521:Novi Trg
3481:Bakovnik
3460:Žubejevo
3335:Trobelno
3325:Studenca
3285:Špitalič
3185:Podjelše
3175:Podgorje
3085:Krivčevo
3050:Jeranovo
3045:Hruševka
2970:Bela Peč
2864:Slovenia
2321:MNOPEDIA
1848:Taufbuch
1459:Chancery
1443:Slovenia
1183:genocide
1115:and the
1103:, Chief
1058:Red Lake
1054:blizzard
923:Missouri
903:Illinois
896:Atheists
680:and the
675:Bavarian
669:and the
524:smallpox
319:Michigan
200:for the
164:literate
149:coercive
141:Slovenia
129:Hapsburg
65:Michigan
3556:Zaprice
3491:Duplica
3455:Znojile
3345:Tunjice
3320:Stolnik
3275:Soteska
3235:Rožično
3205:Poreber
3200:Poljana
3170:Podbreg
3165:Pirševo
3155:Okroglo
3135:Mekinje
3130:Markovo
3070:Kostanj
2958:Current
2723:RTV SLO
2661:RTV SLO
2643:Družina
1801:buffalo
1796:whiskey
1780:Legends
1533:in the
1525:of the
1487:Wabasha
1476:, with
1325:in the
1278:Bishop
1240:Turners
1230:by the
1107:of the
966:Bavaria
946:Stearns
942:Slovene
907:Indiana
634:Ireland
528:vaccine
406:in 1857
332:of the
173:and in
131:-ruled
127:in the
73:Ontario
34:Slovene
3807:Ojibwe
3526:Perovo
3496:Fužine
3486:Dolina
3474:Former
3355:Vaseno
3270:Snovik
3255:Šmarca
3190:Podlom
3160:Oševek
3145:Nevlje
3140:Motnik
3110:Liplje
3100:Laseno
3095:Laniše
3075:Košiše
3055:Kališe
3025:Golice
2950:Kamnik
2532:
2350:
2285:
1769:Quotes
1726:bronze
1633:Polish
1591:Legacy
1451:Kamnik
1424:violin
1387:, the
1381:Ojibwe
1302:, and
964:, and
940:, and
934:German
844:Novice
828:Novice
804:Yankee
790:German
782:German
477:Powwow
374:Ojibwa
370:Ottawa
354:rosary
307:Ottawa
125:Kamnik
75:, and
61:Ojibwe
57:Ottawa
3541:Slape
3536:Reber
3430:Zduša
3420:Zakal
3340:Tučna
3250:Sidol
3210:Potok
3090:Kršič
3020:Godič
2985:Briše
2860:Kranj
1413:Pierz
1294:, in
973:Abbot
754:White
723:Sioux
641:Irish
622:Watab
550:(now
513:hymns
457:Métis
326:Odawa
297:. As
139:(now
121:Godič
109:Godič
3551:Žale
3405:Žaga
3030:Gozd
2965:Bela
2741:DEDI
2679:DEDI
2530:ISBN
2348:ISBN
2329:2016
2283:ISBN
1857:2021
1639:, a
1631:and
1556:and
1506:The
1468:The
1242:and
1234:and
911:Ohio
812:Mass
643:and
598:Mass
454:, a
385:hymn
372:and
274:and
216:and
214:Peče
208:and
59:and
2990:Buč
1876:,"
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1650:in
1541:.
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1025:at
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994:at
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978:of
958:sic
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653:sic
620:of
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317:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.