2927:
plural for all genders. Animate nouns have an accusative singular form that is identical to the genitive, while for inanimate nouns the accusative singular is the same as the nominative. Animacy is based mostly on semantics and is less rigid than gender. Generally speaking a noun is animate if it refers to something that is generally thought to have free will or the ability to move of its own accord. This includes all nouns for people and animals. All other nouns are inanimate, including plants and other non-moving life forms, and also groups of people or animals. However, there are some nouns for inanimate objects that are generally animate, which mostly include inanimate objects that are named after people or animals. This includes:
3054:
1364:
1237:
1684:
2719:
251:
300:
288:
1452:
264:
7028:
7926:
312:
2151:
2176:, with different degrees of mutual intelligibility. Accounts of the number of dialects range from as few as seven dialects, often considered dialect groups or dialect bases that are further subdivided into as many as 50 dialects. Other sources characterize the number of dialects as nine or eight. The Slovene proverb "Every village has its own voice" (
4811:; Standard Slovene Dictionary). It was published in five volumes by Državna Založba Slovenije between 1970 and 1991 and contains more than 100,000 entries and subentries with accentuation, part-of-speech labels, common collocations, and various qualifiers. In the 1990s, an electronic version of the dictionary was published and is available online.
3041:(' red tent'). This difference is observable only for masculine nouns in nominative or accusative case. Because of the lack of article in Slovene and audibly insignificant difference between the masculine adjective forms, most dialects do not distinguish between definite and indefinite variants of the adjective, leading to
1786:
During most of the Middle Ages, Slovene was a vernacular language of the peasantry, although it was also spoken in most of the towns on
Slovenian territory, together with German or Italian. Although during this time, German emerged as the spoken language of the nobility, Slovene had some role in the
4548:
Two different and mutually incompatible systems of diacritics are used. The first is the simpler non-tonemic system, which can be applied to all
Slovene dialects. It is more widely used and is the standard representation in dictionaries such as SSKJ. The tonemic system also includes tone as part of
2926:
Nouns in
Slovene are either masculine, feminine or neuter gender. In addition, there is a distinction between animate and inanimate nouns. This is only relevant for masculine nouns and only in the singular, at odds with some other Slavic languages, e.g. Russian, for which it is also relevant in the
1911:
in the 1920s and 1930s, the influence of Serbo-Croatian increased again. This was opposed by the younger generations of
Slovene authors and intellectuals; among the most fierce opponents of an excessive Serbo-Croatian influence on Slovene were the intellectuals associated with the leftist journal
1887:
into standard
Slovene, mostly to replace words previously borrowed from German. Most of these innovations have remained, although some were dropped in later development. In the second half of the 19th century, many nationalist authors made an abundant use of Serbo-Croatian words: among them were
1921:
Between 1920 and 1941, the official language of the
Kingdom of Yugoslavia was defined as "Serbo-Croato-Slovene", which was in practice merely Serbo-Croatian. In Slovenia however, Slovene remained in use in education and administration. Many state institutions used only Serbo-Croatian, and a
1787:
courtly life of the
Carinthian, Carniolan and Styrian nobility, as well. This is proved by the survival of certain ritual formulas in Slovene (such as the ritual installation of the Dukes of Carinthia). The words "Buge waz primi, gralva Venus!" ("God be With You, Queen Venus!"), with which
1922:
Slovene–Serbo-Croatian bilingualism was applied in many spheres of public life in
Slovenia. For example, at the post offices, railways and in administrative offices, Serbo-Croatian was used alongside Slovene. However, state employees were expected to be able to speak Slovene in Slovenia.
1972:
in
Carinthia, which continued throughout the second half of the 20th century: according to the Austro-Hungarian census of 1910, around 21% of inhabitants of Carinthia spoke Slovene in their daily communication; by 1951, this figure dropped to less than 10%, and by 2001 to a mere 2.8%.
1918:, as well as some younger Catholic activists and authors. After 1945, numerous Serbo-Croatian words that had been used in the previous decades were dropped. The result was that a Slovene text from the 1910s is frequently closer to modern Slovene than a text from the 1920s and 1930s.
2014:
National independence has further fortified the language: since 1991, when
Slovenia gained independence, Slovene has been used as an official language in all areas of public life. In 2004 it became one of the official languages of the European Union upon Slovenia's admission.
4545:. However, as in Serbo-Croatian, use of such accent marks is restricted to dictionaries, language textbooks and linguistic publications. In normal writing, the diacritics are almost never used, except in a few minimal pairs where real ambiguity could arise.
3085:) is officially limited to friends and family, talk among children, and addressing animals, it is increasingly used among the middle generation to signal a relaxed attitude or lifestyle instead of its polite or formal counterpart using the 2nd person plural
3152:
in German) as an ultra-polite form is now archaic or dialectal. It is associated with servant-master relationships in older literature, the child-parent relationship in certain conservative rural communities, and parishioner-priest relationships.
2180:) depicts the differences in dialects. Although pronunciation differs greatly from area to area, those differences do not pose major obstacles to understanding. The standard language is mainly used in public presentations or on formal occasions.
2570:
consonant. In consonant clusters, voicing distinction is neutralized and all consonants assimilate the voicing of the rightmost segment, i.e. the final consonant in the cluster. In this context, , and may occur as voiced allophones of
4814:
The SAZU considers SP2001 to be the normative source on Slovene. When dictionary entries in SP2001 and SSKJ differ, the SP2001 entry takes precedence. SP2001 is called a Spelling Dictionary by the European Network of e-Lexicography.
2191:
dialects have an independent written norm that is used by their regional state institutions. Speakers of those two dialects have considerable difficulties with being understood by speakers of other varieties of Slovene, needing
1774:
This linguistic border remained almost unchanged until the late 19th century, when a second process of Germanization took place, mostly in Carinthia. Between the 9th and 12th century, proto-Slovene spread into northern
4800:; Slovene Normative Guide). The latest printed edition was published in 2001 (reprinted in 2003 with some corrections) and contains more than 130,000 dictionary entries. In 2003, an electronic version was published.
2223:
from Italian, whereas eastern and northwestern dialects are replete with lexemes of German origin. Usage of such words hinders intelligibility between dialects and is greatly discouraged in formal situations.
1544:, who, like most of Slovene writers and poets, lived and worked in Ljubljana, where speech was growing closer to the Upper Carniolan dialect group. Unstandardized dialects are more preserved in regions of the
1810:: the term was presented as the peasants' motto and battle cry. Standard Slovene emerged in the second half of the 16th century, thanks to the works of Slovene Lutheran authors, who were active during the
1365:
1238:
5557:
1795:, who was travelling around Europe in guise of Venus, upon his arrival in Carinthia in 1227 (or 1238), is another example of some level of Slovene knowledge among high nobility in the region.
1717:. The consensus estimate of their date of origin is between 972 and 1039 (most likely before 1000). These religious writings are among the oldest surviving manuscripts in any Slavic language.
5401:. European Parliament Information Office for Slovenia, Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Slovenia, Government Office for European Affairs of the Republic of Slovenia. p. 33.
2003:. Slovene was one of the official languages of the federation. In the territory of Slovenia, it was commonly used in almost all areas of public life. One important exception was the
773:
430:
5298:
In the Slavic area, there is one instance of a significant asymmetric intelligibility: Slovenians understand Croats better (79.4%) than Croats understand Slovenians (43.7%).
710:
640:
4848:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
2215:
in Standard Slovene, but the latter term is very rarely used in speech being considered inappropriate for non-literary registers). Southwestern dialects incorporate many
2042:, a prominent Slovene linguist, commented that, although Slovene is not an endangered language, its scope has been shrinking, especially in science and higher education.
610:
4328:
Stress, vowel length and tone are not distinguished, except with optional diacritics when it is necessary to distinguish between similar words with a different meaning.
4933:
2203:
have become so deeply rooted in the local language that people have considerable difficulties in finding a standard expression for the dialect term (for instance,
1187:
4999:
4784:
Standard Slovene spelling and grammar are defined by the Orthographic Committee and the Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovene Language, which are both part of the
3069:
in indirect reference. Literal translation "Here lie the honorable Jožef Nahtigal ... they were born ... they died ... God grant them eternal peace and rest."
4768:, but its accentuation will sometimes distinguish it: a long vowel mark can never appear on a schwa, while a grave accent can appear only on a schwa. Thus, only
5391:
2038:, said in February 2008 that Slovene is a language rich enough to express everything, including the most sophisticated and specialised texts. In February 2010,
1949:. Between 1923 and 1943, all public use of Slovene in these territories was strictly prohibited, and Slovene-language activists were persecuted by the state.
5106:
1724:
are a record of a proto-Slovene that was spoken in a more scattered territory than modern Slovene, which included most of the present-day Austrian states of
1536:. Trubar's choice was later adopted also by other Protestant writers in the 16th century, and ultimately led to the formation of more standard language. The
1841:
was the language of the elite, and Slovene was the language of the common people. During this period, German had a strong influence on Slovene, and many
3058:
2029:
4834:
Vsi ljudje se rodijo svobodni ter imajo enako dostojanstvo in pravice. Dana sta jim razum in vest, in bi morali drug z drugim ravnati v duhu bratstva.
9256:
3022:, endings are normally changed; see below. If one should like to somehow distinguish between definiteness or indefiniteness of a noun, one would say
1438:: the use of the V-form demonstrates a respectful attitude towards superiors and the elderly, while it can be sidestepped through the passive form.
9136:
6349:
2071:
5314:
2159:
6098:
5310:
4581:
In the non-tonemic system, the distinction between the two mid-vowels is indicated, as well as the placement of stress and length of vowels:
2039:
1528:
for his writings, while he also used Slovene as spoken in Ljubljana, since he lived in the city for more than 20 years. It was the speech of
1540:
dialect was also used by most authors during the language revival in the 18th and early 19th centuries, and was also the language spoken by
7071:
7016:
1180:
4918:
2734:
Slovene has an eight-vowel (or, according to Peter Jurgec, nine-vowel) system, in comparison to the five-vowel system of Serbo-Croatian.
5368:
8290:
5529:
7487:
6994:
8506:
2000:
3234:(quoted word or phrase) – kept as in original, although pronunciation may be altered to fit into speech flow; e.g.
4985:
1173:
5661:
5532:[Will Slovene Some Day Be Only The Language of Simple Communication] (in Slovenian). MMC RTV Slovenia. 21 February 2010.
5273:
4959:
9131:
5558:"Statement by the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs on the 69th anniversary of the signing of the Austrian State Treaty"
5501:
4785:
330:
7733:
5992:
5835:
5728:
5698:
5477:
5406:
5237:
4866:
4825:
7220:
2650:
6416:
1532:
that Trubar took as a foundation of what later became standard Slovene, with small addition of his native speech, that is
8256:
Venetian is either grouped with the rest of the Italo-Dalmatian or the Gallo-Italic languages, depending on the linguist.
6342:
6249:
2642:
2623:
2526:
2464:
452:
7272:
8991:
6597:
6565:
3062:
3033:
Definiteness of a noun phrase can also be discernible through the ending of the accompanying adjective. One should say
2196:
to Standard Slovene. Other dialects are mutually intelligible when speakers avoid the excessive usage of regionalisms.
2018:
Nonetheless, the post-breakup influence of Serbo-Croatian on Slovene continued to a lesser extent, most prominently in
7042:
3096:
An additional nonstandard but widespread use of a singular participle combined with a plural auxiliary verb (known as
9009:
6215:
6164:
5450:
5412:
5186:
5071:
5039:
3177:
Foreign words used in Slovene are of various types depending on the assimilation they have undergone. The types are:
2923:; the nominative is used in that role. Nouns, adjectives and pronouns have three numbers: singular, dual and plural.
1491:
1469:
1371:
1296:
1244:
5610:
5584:
3077:, or two forms of 'you' for formal and informal situations. Although informal address using the 2nd person singular
620:
7009:
2496:
2471:
2412:
2199:
Regionalisms are mostly limited to culinary and agricultural expressions, although there are many exceptions. Some
912:
699:
629:
5635:
9226:
8364:
8307:
7586:
7162:
4880:
2791:
2639:
into a full vowel in this position. For those speakers who retain a consonantal pronunciation, it is pronounced
2457:
1411:
972:
442:
6088:"Official Slovene Translation (Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia – International Treaties, No. 3/18)"
9231:
8283:
6335:
2819:
2604:
2519:
1807:
1473:
1985:
614:
9246:
9236:
6805:
6625:
6620:
6583:
6551:
6200:
Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet
5504:[Slovene Is Impoverished "In the Mouths of Conceited Fools"] (in Slovenian). Družina. 24 August 2008.
4894:
4636:
The tonemic system uses the diacritics somewhat differently from the non-tonemic system. The high-mid vowels
2503:
2434:
1537:
1521:
1513:
1509:
591:
420:
351:
6310:
1156:
370:
9241:
9126:
3200:(foreign word) – partly assimilated, either in writing and syntax or in pronunciation; e.g.
2805:
2612:
921:
718:
648:
6615:
5974:
5970:
4761:
4749:
4741:
4718:
4699:
4680:
4653:
4649:
4641:
4637:
4624:
4616:
4601:
4597:
4590:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4488:
4482:
4469:
4463:
4450:
4444:
4431:
4425:
4411:
4405:
4389:
4385:
4373:
4365:
4351:
4343:
4315:
4302:
4289:
4276:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4250:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4191:
4186:
4166:
4162:
4149:
4136:
4123:
4110:
4097:
4084:
4071:
4066:
4046:
4042:
4029:
4016:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3945:
3932:
3919:
3906:
3893:
3888:
3867:
3863:
3850:
3837:
3824:
3811:
3798:
3793:
3773:
3769:
3756:
3743:
3730:
3717:
3704:
3691:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3604:
3591:
3578:
3565:
3552:
3539:
3526:
3513:
3500:
3495:
3475:
3471:
3396:
3388:
3380:
3372:
3353:
3333:
3313:
3216:(half-quoted word or phrase) – partly assimilated, either in writing and syntax or in pronunciation; e.g.
2727:
2707:
2703:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2636:
2590:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2550:
723:
653:
9251:
9121:
8749:
8316:
7002:
6699:
5437:Štih, Peter (2000). "Slovenski kmečki upor" [The Slovene Peasant Revolt]. In Vidic, Marko (ed.).
4792:, SAZU). The newest reference book of standard Slovene spelling (and to some extent also grammar) is the
2826:
2768:
1431:
907:
325:
6706:
4395:
The reader is expected to gather the interpretation of the word from the context, as in these examples:
1968:
of 1938, the use of Slovene was strictly forbidden in Carinthia, as well. This accelerated a process of
1771:
in Carinthia, while in Styria it was more or less identical with the current Austrian-Slovenian border.
9156:
8594:
7789:
7378:
6123:
5059:
5027:
4919:
https://www.statistik.at/fileadmin/publications/Volkszaehlung_2001__Hauptergebnisse_I_-_OEsterreich.pdf
2862:
2533:
2405:
2334:
1658:
with varieties of Serbo-Croatian is hindered by differences in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation,
544:
7024:
6486:
5852:
9221:
8913:
8276:
7602:
7111:
6686:
6278:
2648:
2640:
2621:
2610:
2602:
2478:
2004:
1553:
1059:
1020:
625:
6087:
5318:
1694:
dating from the late 10th or the early 11th century, are considered the oldest documents in Slovene.
605:
8953:
7868:
7859:
7264:
6398:
6384:
5317:[Language Situation] (in Slovenian). Government of the Republic of Slovenia. Archived from
3415:
2777:
2566:
are devoiced at the end of words unless immediately followed by a word beginning with a vowel or a
2341:
1792:
1759:: the northern border of the Slovene-speaking territory stabilized on the line going from north of
414:
1904:), who resorted to a more "pure" and simple language without excessive Serbo-Croatian borrowings.
1548:
where compulsory schooling was in languages other than Standard Slovene, as was the case with the
9014:
8931:
8859:
8650:
8607:
8323:
8028:
8013:
7799:
7707:
7564:
7441:
7244:
6756:
6727:
6719:
6681:
6662:
6643:
6591:
6559:
6468:
6444:
6145:
6018:
3305:
3293:
2843:
2366:
2350:
2008:
1880:
1834:
1768:
1533:
1462:
1419:
1395:
1143:
1054:
865:
558:
145:
1067:
8851:
8784:
8779:
8744:
8703:
8474:
8154:
8071:
7986:
7794:
7504:
6983:
6426:
5285:
4934:"Tanja Fajon: We seek intensive cooperation with Styria and support for the Slovenian minority"
4525:
To compensate for the shortcomings of the standard orthography, Slovene also uses standardized
3053:
1934:
1811:
1706:. The earliest known examples of a distinct, written dialect connected to Slovene are from the
1655:
1637:
1625:
1581:
1577:
1391:
1387:
900:
472:
160:
150:
6541:
6455:
5467:
5264:
4907:
3414:
The standard Slovene orthography, used in almost all situations, uses only the letters of the
9044:
8998:
8923:
8901:
8816:
8805:
8613:
8585:
8564:
8375:
8330:
8217:
8066:
7570:
7413:
7210:
6779:
6667:
6648:
6635:
6358:
5718:
5688:
5376:
4538:
4392:
is rare; and Slovene, except in some dialects, does not distinguished tonemic accentuation).
2513:
2373:
2309:
2302:
2055:
1953:
1908:
1788:
1663:
1423:
676:
85:
7536:
6654:
9060:
8554:
8524:
8483:
8403:
8061:
8038:
7809:
7669:
7623:
7364:
6836:
6439:
5198:
4530:
4308:
2382:
1868:
1708:
1689:
1667:
1613:
1561:
1077:
586:
519:
165:
7963:
7955:
7476:
7063:
7047:
6479:
6254:
5340:
3100:) signals a somewhat more friendly and less formal attitude while maintaining politeness:
8:
9161:
9070:
8869:
8836:
8737:
8727:
8696:
8496:
8383:
8346:
8335:
8008:
7969:
7713:
7359:
7192:
7167:
6856:
6499:
6406:
6392:
5277:
3137:) might be frowned upon by many people and would not likely be used in a formal setting.
3074:
2444:
2390:
2079:
2075:
2023:
1703:
1645:
1549:
1435:
1138:
1072:
941:
893:
841:
671:
8143:
7690:
7468:
6692:
6605:
6526:
3273:
2635:"all"), the pronunciation varies more widely by speaker and area. Many speakers convert
1996:. Each of the occupying powers tried to either discourage or entirely suppress Slovene.
1633:
1101:
8732:
8669:
8644:
8491:
8457:
8452:
8447:
8412:
7995:
7804:
7754:
7351:
7342:
7328:
7146:
7091:
7032:
6946:
6898:
6787:
6221:
6195:
5251:
5086:
3571:
3007:
2967:
2279:
1993:
1926:
1649:
1641:
1601:
1415:
980:
926:
873:
860:
854:
692:
193:
9146:
6513:
4562:
1541:
405:
9181:
9171:
9032:
8948:
8886:
8789:
8771:
8754:
8711:
8685:
8631:
8626:
8549:
8514:
8433:
8356:
8148:
8138:
8130:
8056:
7946:
7876:
7845:
7832:
7823:
7768:
7762:
7747:
7593:
7531:
7513:
7419:
7395:
7318:
7291:
7277:
7249:
7200:
7177:
7067:
7055:
7051:
6962:
6915:
6880:
6821:
6773:
6742:
6673:
6225:
6211:
6174:
6160:
6065:
5831:
5724:
5694:
5665:
5483:
5473:
5446:
5402:
5281:
5259:
5255:
5243:
5233:
5202:
5182:
5067:
5035:
4963:
2916:
2798:
2487:
2423:
2359:
2321:
2284:
2233:
2184:
2083:
2063:
1961:
1938:
1900:
period by the first generation of modernist Slovene authors (most notably the writer
1893:
1725:
1702:, Slovene traces its roots to the same proto-Slavic group of languages that produced
1621:
1609:
1597:
1593:
1565:
1505:
936:
801:
572:
514:
8533:
7616:
7577:
7427:
6411:
2050:
The language is spoken by about 2.5 million people, mainly in Slovenia, but also by
597:
448:
9166:
9102:
8906:
8620:
8559:
8544:
8423:
8418:
8299:
7887:
7741:
7683:
7662:
7646:
7639:
7630:
7556:
7405:
7387:
7297:
7231:
7225:
7215:
7128:
7120:
7083:
6938:
6888:
6831:
6826:
6732:
6366:
6322:
6203:
5795:
Sławski, Franciszek. 1962. Zarys dialektologii południowosłowiańskiej. Warsaw: PAN.
5515:
5225:
5213:
5013:
4022:
3277:
3263:
3251:
3247:
3167:
2963:
2675:
occur only before a vowel. Before a consonant or word-finally, they are reduced to
2543:
2274:
2269:
2173:
2172:
Slovene is sometimes characterized as the most diverse Slavic language in terms of
2167:
2034:
1699:
1629:
1617:
1605:
1585:
1312:
1255:
1206:
1127:
1111:
1082:
794:
564:
530:
525:
509:
226:
204:
155:
66:
60:
19:"Slovenščina" redirects here. For the West Slavic language spoken in Slovakia, see
5664:. Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia. 19 February 2009. Archived from
4962:. Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia. 19 February 2010. Archived from
4229:
3912:
3817:
3488:
1897:
1896:, who wrote the first novel in Slovene in 1866. This tendency was reversed in the
1815:
1525:
578:
9186:
8984:
8943:
8936:
8690:
8680:
8655:
8638:
8428:
8396:
8351:
8341:
8222:
8203:
8173:
8121:
8102:
8018:
7894:
7720:
7609:
7526:
7521:
7481:
7450:
7087:
6967:
6907:
6861:
6536:
6473:
6314:
5825:
5543:
5091:
4116:
3749:
3642:
3281:
3267:
3250:, while the more recently borrowed and less assimilated words are typically from
3243:
3042:
2983:
2879:
2834:
2785:
2296:
2289:
1838:
1106:
837:
231:
137:
20:
6434:
3938:
3874:
3649:
3519:
1819:
1430:
is often adjusted for emphasis or stylistic reasons, although basically it is a
9201:
9176:
8969:
8891:
8881:
8824:
8602:
8539:
8442:
8209:
8085:
8048:
8033:
7881:
7840:
7676:
7182:
7172:
7138:
7079:
6866:
6737:
6610:
6531:
6521:
6507:
5756:
Greenberg, Marc L. 2009. "Slovene." In Keith Brown & Sarah Ogilvie (eds.),
5714:
5209:
5156:
Rigler, Jakob (1965). "Nekdanja ljubljanščina kot osnova Trubarjevega jezika".
4803:
The official dictionary of modern Slovene, which was also prepared by SAZU, is
4687:
4542:
4331:
The two distinct mid-vowels are also not distinguished, both written as simply
4052:
3309:
2813:
2193:
2188:
1969:
1930:
1884:
1856:
1849:
before the 1920s also wrote in foreign languages, mostly German, which was the
1823:
1589:
1557:
1407:
806:
492:
269:
215:
198:
6207:
5973:, but the vowel chart on page 2 shows that the phonetically correct symbol is
5247:
4236:
4179:
4172:
3986:
3972:
3786:
3635:
3597:
9215:
9151:
9141:
8841:
8717:
8462:
8388:
8178:
8107:
8094:
8023:
7901:
7458:
7075:
7059:
6921:
6573:
6449:
5487:
5389:
5229:
2920:
2890:
2750:
2450:
2396:
2327:
2208:
2119:
1957:
1851:
1842:
1749:
1745:
1683:
1545:
5805:
Priestly, Tom M. S. (1993). "On 'Drift' in Indo-European Gender Systems.'".
5375:(in Slovenian) (5). Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana. Archived from
5203:"Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries"
4282:
4222:
4090:
3979:
3881:
3843:
3779:
3723:
3697:
3545:
8759:
8228:
8003:
7931:
7205:
6463:
4729:
4706:
4668:
4534:
3317:
3301:
2139:
2067:
1989:
1977:
1889:
1737:
985:
705:
635:
222:
5690:
Survival and Development of Language Communities: Prospects and Challenges
4908:
https://de.m.wikipedia.org/Datei:Sprachen_der_Republik_%C3%96sterreich.svg
4243:
4142:
4059:
3656:
3481:
1636:. Furthermore, Slovene shares certain linguistic characteristics with all
388:
9088:
9075:
8236:
7099:
4549:
the representation. However, neither system reliably distinguishes schwa
2762:
2745:
1981:
1901:
1876:
1741:
8829:
6327:
4324:
The orthography thus underdifferentiates several phonemic distinctions:
3148:
in both direct address and indirect reference; this is similar to using
2718:
1933:) was under Italian administration and subjected to a violent policy of
9025:
9004:
8896:
7546:
7283:
6797:
6284:
5639:
3019:
2900:
2896:
2854:
2755:
2594:
2155:
1760:
1756:
1733:
1476: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1427:
878:
551:
107:
6043:. Fran Ramovš Institute of Slovenian Language, ZRC SAZU. 10 March 2008
6040:
9050:
8876:
8864:
7323:
6765:
6233:
5269:
5221:
4526:
2563:
2243:
2220:
2200:
2135:
2131:
1965:
1914:
1846:
1659:
1529:
1517:
1004:
752:
686:
664:
398:
381:
362:
343:
94:
4380:
In the tonemic varieties of Slovene, the ambiguity is even greater:
3018:('Noah's ark'). The gender is known in this case to be feminine. In
2946:
Chess pieces and playing cards (named for the people they represent)
2706:
at the end of a syllable may become , merging with the allophone of
1451:
9095:
9019:
8977:
8268:
7653:
6299:
5853:"IDENTITÀ RESIANA FRA "MITO" E IDEOLOGIA: GLI EFFETTI SULLA LINGUA"
2912:
2904:
2631:
At the beginning of a syllable, before a consonant (for example in
2051:
1872:
1403:
1399:
460:
256:
118:
77:
6266:
5014:"Norme in materia di tutela delle minoranze linguistiche storiche"
429:
9082:
9038:
8183:
7699:
7254:
7239:
6307:
2950:
2239:
2216:
2187:
dialect used to have a written norm of its own at one point. The
2107:
2091:
1946:
1942:
1780:
1764:
1122:
774:
Comparison of standard Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian
757:
747:
456:
305:
293:
103:
90:
5502:"Družina: Slovenščina se siromaši "v ustih domišljavih bedakov""
4663:
Pitch accent and length is indicated by four diacritical marks:
3006:). A whole verb or a noun is described without articles and the
2118:
and the rest of the world (around 300,000), particularly in the
7541:
3327:
3297:
2908:
2687:
respectively. This is reflected in the spelling in the case of
2567:
2127:
2115:
2111:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2087:
1845:
are preserved in contemporary colloquial Slovene. Many Slovene
1803:
1776:
1755:
By the 15th century, most of the northern areas were gradually
1729:
98:
1330:
1273:
1224:
7027:
5220:. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London:
5132:
5130:
2247:
2059:
2032:, a literary historian and president of the publishing house
2019:
1827:
317:
81:
6194:Šuštaršič, Rastislav; Komar, Smiljana; Petek, Bojan (1999),
5530:"Bo slovenščina nekoč le orodje preprostega sporazumevanja?"
1600:
of Serbo-Croatian, but genealogically more distant from the
6202:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 135–139,
3361:
2150:
2123:
1802:(meaning 'old justice' or 'old laws'), appeared in 1515 in
1354:
1339:
1336:
1321:
1288:
1264:
1218:
5390:
Kalin Golob, Monika; Komac, Nataša; Logar, Nataša (2007).
5127:
5062:(2003) , Peter Roach; James Hartmann; Jane Setter (eds.),
5030:(2003) , Peter Roach; James Hartmann; Jane Setter (eds.),
4585:
Long stressed vowels are notated with an acute diacritic:
3010:
is found from the word's termination. It is enough to say
1398:. Most of its 2.5 million speakers are the inhabitants of
459:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
5000:"Hungary: demographic situation, languages and religions"
2895:
Slovene nouns retain six of the seven Slavic noun cases:
2154:
A schematic map of Slovene dialects, based on the map by
1964:
which remained under Austrian administration. After the
5466:
Törnquist-Plewa, Barbara (2002). Resic, Sanimir (ed.).
5369:"Od koroskega gralva 1238 do rezijanskega krajaua 1986"
1833:
From the high Middle Ages up to the dissolution of the
1806:
in a poem of the German mercenaries who suppressed the
1508:
that was formed in the 18th and 19th century, based on
2702:
Under certain (somewhat unpredictable) circumstances,
5830:. Zavod Republike Slovenije za Šolstvo. p. 175.
5445:] (in Slovenian). Mladinska knjiga. p. 142.
1960:
took place in the Slovene-speaking areas of southern
1937:; the same policy was applied to Slovene speakers in
1372:
1348:
1342:
1333:
1315:
1297:
1282:
1276:
1258:
1245:
1227:
1212:
7921:
6189:(in Slovenian), Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije
5472:. Lund, Sweden: Nordic Academic Press. p. 199.
5137:
Rigler, Jakob (1965). "Osnove Trubarjevega jezika".
3186:(loanword) – fully assimilated; e.g.
1999:
Following World War II, Slovenia became part of the
1670:
that are not found in other South Slavic languages.
1351:
1327:
1318:
1285:
1270:
1261:
1221:
1215:
6193:
5942:
5911:
5771:
Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics: Sca-Spe
5469:
The Balkans in Focus: Cultural Boundaries in Europe
3129:
is singular masculine/feminine. Nonstandard usage.)
3073:Slovene, like most other European languages, has a
2723:
1837:in 1918, in the territory of present-day Slovenia,
1324:
1267:
1209:
2659:may be pronounced as disyllabic or monosyllabic .
1814:. The most prominent authors from this period are
1640:, including those of the Eastern subgroup, namely
16:South Slavic language spoken primarily in Slovenia
5516:"Linguist Says Slovenian Language Not Endangered"
5109:(in Slovenian). MMC RTV Slovenia. 4 January 2017.
3026:('that/precise/exact barge') for 'the barge' and
9213:
7954:
6041:"Searching the Dictionary of Standard Slovenian"
5991:harvcoltxt error: no target: CITEREFJurgec2005 (
5786:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 502.
5720:A Guide to the World's Languages: Classification
4611:Short stressed vowels are notated with a grave:
4596:However, the rarer long stressed low-mid vowels
3308:(in all its varieties), it was patterned on the
3107:('You did not see him': both the auxiliary verb
2114:(5,000), and by the Slovene diaspora throughout
6250:Centre for Slovene as a Second/Foreign Language
6095:Office of the High Commissioner, United Nations
5782:Sussex, Roland, & Paul V. Cubberley. 2006.
5465:
5107:"TIkanje, VIkanje, (na) polVIkanje in ONIkanje"
4648:with a subscript dot, while the low-mid vowels
4372:, but cannot be predictably distinguished from
4358:between consonants and is thus distinguishable.
2940:Certain devices (named after animals or people)
2258:Slovene has 21 distinctive consonant phonemes.
1871:in the 19th century, the cultural movements of
1822:, the author of the first Slovene grammar; and
6308:Comprehensive list of the Slovene dictionaries
5758:Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World
5713:
5686:
2601:Before a vowel, pronunciation is labiodental,
2098:bordering with Slovenia. It is also spoken in
8284:
7867:
7010:
6343:
6147:A Short Reference Grammar of Standard Slovene
5608:
3287:
3229:
3221:
3211:
3195:
3187:
3181:
2094:(25,000) and in the western part of Croatian
1381:
1181:
47:
41:
8093:
5960:
5747:. Washington, DC: American University, p. 93
5218:Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires
5169:
5167:
3367:, which is itself usually transliterated as
1925:During the same time, western Slovenia (the
1620:standard languages. Slovene in general, and
1524:was the dialect used in the 16th century by
1422:. Two accentual norms (one characterized by
6285:200 M words corpus of Slovenian Nova beseda
5585:"Steirische Slowenen: immer brav und ruhig"
5518:. Slovenian Press Agency. 21 February 2010.
4573:, respectively, but this is not as common.
4553:from the front mid-vowels, nor vocalised l
3121:('You did not see him': the auxiliary verb
3045:when speakers try to use Standard Slovene.
1624:in particular, shares the highest level of
8291:
8277:
7017:
7003:
6350:
6336:
5823:
5707:
2045:
1666:. Slovene has some commonalities with the
1188:
1174:
428:
6357:
6231:
6143:
6060:
6058:
5954:
5930:
5907:
5905:
5903:
5901:
5723:. Stanford University Press. p. 60.
5609:Narodoslawsky, Benedikt (29 April 2011).
5582:
5430:
5366:
5263:
5164:
5066:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
5034:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
4790:Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti
4576:
4384:in a final syllable can stand for any of
2620:After a vowel, pronunciation is bilabial
1580:belonging to the Western subgroup of the
1568:differ most from other Slovene dialects.
1492:Learn how and when to remove this message
9257:Slavic languages written in Latin script
7350:
6323:Spletni Slovar (Multilingual Dictionary)
6281:600 M words corpus of Slovenian FidaPLUS
5804:
5769:Brown, E. K. & Anne Anderson. 2006.
5760:, pp. 981–984. Oxford: Elsevier, p. 981.
5680:
5654:
4960:"International Mother Language Day 2010"
3052:
2943:Works of art (named after their creator)
2717:
2149:
2126:, home to an estimated 3,400 speakers),
2011:was used exclusively, even in Slovenia.
2001:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1818:, who wrote the first books in Slovene;
1682:
1628:with transitional Kajkavian dialects of
7831:
6154:
6124:"Universal Declaration of Human Rights"
6005:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5920:
5892:
5880:
5868:
5858:(in Italian and Slovenian). p. 19.
5817:
5443:The Illustrated History of the Slovenes
5355:Karantanija: izbrane razprave in članki
4952:
4928:
4926:
3360:as a relic from the now modern Russian
453:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
9214:
9132:Slavic liquid metathesis and pleophony
6172:
6055:
5986:
5966:
5898:
5197:
5155:
5136:
4867:"Slovenski pravopis 2001: slovenščina"
4786:Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts
4565:'s 1894/95 dictionary, write these as
3115:are plural masculine. Standard usage.)
2937:Certain diseases (named after animals)
2082:bordering with Slovenia), in southern
1883:, specifically Croatian dialects, and
421:(51 varieties) 53-AAA-f (51 varieties)
331:Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts
8272:
6998:
6906:
6331:
6184:
6066:"European Dictionary Portal: Slovene"
6019:"Kako uporabljati določne pridevnike"
5827:Slovensko jezikoslovje danes in jutri
5508:
5309:
5175:A Short Reference Grammar of Slovene,
5058:
5026:
4841:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
4826:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
4631:
65:
59:
8298:
6068:. European Network of e-Lexicography
6011:
5917:
5693:. Multilingual Matters. p. 56.
5436:
5288:from the original on 10 January 2024
5179:LINCOM Studies in Slavic Linguistics
5158:Začetki Slovenskega Knjižnega Jezika
4923:
4881:"Slovenski pravopis 2001: slovenski"
3292:) was derived in the mid-1840s from
2655:before a voiceless consonant. Thus,
1474:adding citations to reliable sources
1445:
5687:F. Xavier Vila (13 November 2012).
5662:"International Mother Language Day"
5638:. Usefoundation.org. Archived from
5583:Machreich, Wolfgang (19 May 2005).
5544:"International mother language day"
5357:(Ljubljana: Slovenska matica, 2000)
4805:Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika
3312:alphabet of the 1830s. Before that
3213:polcitatna beseda ali besedna zveza
2078:and in those municipalities of the
1516:, more specifically on language of
1441:
13:
7193:Intermediate Southern (Neapolitan)
6300:Standard Slovene Dictionary (SSKJ)
6175:"Schwa in Slovenian is Epenthetic"
6104:from the original on 15 March 2016
5943:Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999
5912:Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999
5119:
3048:
2724:Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999
14:
9268:
6243:
5850:
4619:). Some systems may also include
3257:
3140:The use of the 3rd person plural
2861:
2842:
2825:
2818:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2776:
2767:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2502:
2495:
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2433:
2411:
2404:
2381:
2372:
2365:
2349:
2340:
2333:
2308:
2301:
2106:(11,800-13,100), in southwestern
1980:, Slovenia was divided among the
1956:of 1920, a less severe policy of
1862:
1798:The first printed Slovene words,
1571:
1504:Standard Slovene is the national
7924:
7043:Historical linguistic minorities
7026:
6157:Slovene: A Comprehensive Grammar
5807:Journal of Indo-European Studies
5341:"Similar languages to Slovenian"
4986:"Österreichischer Staatsvertrag"
4895:"Slovenski pravopis 2001: jezik"
4541:, much like the closely related
3231:citatna beseda ali besedna zveza
3172:
3030:('some/a barge') for 'a barge'.
3024:(prav/natanko/ravno) tista barka
1678:
1450:
1410:, Slovene is also one of its 24
1311:
1254:
1205:
310:
298:
286:
262:
249:
8250:
6290:
6137:
6116:
6080:
6033:
5999:
5980:
5948:
5936:
5886:
5874:
5862:
5844:
5798:
5789:
5776:
5763:
5750:
5737:
5628:
5602:
5576:
5550:
5536:
5522:
5494:
5459:
5439:Ilustrirana zgodovina Slovencev
5383:
5360:
5347:
5333:
5303:
5191:
5149:
5113:
5099:
5079:
5047:
5020:
5006:
4604:are notated with a circumflex:
2957:
1461:needs additional citations for
973:Transitional Bulgarian dialects
8992:Kyakhta Russian–Chinese Pidgin
6150:, Kansas: University of Kansas
5092:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
5064:English Pronouncing Dictionary
5032:English Pronouncing Dictionary
4992:
4978:
4912:
4901:
4887:
4873:
4859:
4818:
3242:The loanwords are mostly from
3133:The use of nonstandard forms (
2949:Wines and mushrooms (named as
2647:before a voiced consonant and
1564:(Ter) dialects in the Italian
1514:Lower Carniolan dialect groups
1412:official and working languages
1:
5636:"Many Languages, One America"
5122:Slovenski Biografski Leksikon
4853:
4779:
4520:
3316:was, for example, written as
3156:
3125:is plural but the participle
2253:
1929:and the western districts of
1522:Lower Carniolan dialect group
1406:. As Slovenia is part of the
1396:Indo-European language family
101:, though not native to Styria
67:[slɔˈʋèːnskiˈjɛ̀ːzik]
9127:Slavic second palatalization
5969::1–2). He transcribes it as
2227:
1826:, who translated the entire
1520:and its adjacent areas. The
968:Serbian–Bulgarian–Macedonian
7:
9122:Slavic first palatalization
6260:
6144:Greenberg, Mark L. (2006),
5745:Yugoslavia: A Country Study
5397:. In Žnidarko, Mito (ed.).
5181:30). Munich: LINCOM, 2008.
4732:( ̏ ) indicates
4713:pitch. This occurs only on
4690:( ̑ ) indicates
4350:. However, the combination
2262:Slovene consonant phonemes
2145:
10:
9273:
7790:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
7273:Central-Southern Calabrian
6272:
5773:. Oxford: Elsevier, p. 424
5743:McDonald, Gordon C. 1979.
4764:is written ambiguously as
4709:( ` ) indicates
4671:( ´ ) indicates
4529:or accent marks to denote
4514:precȅj "a great deal (of)"
4504:prȅcej "at once" (archaic)
3271:
3261:
3165:
3161:
2888:
2877:
2873:
2231:
2165:
1673:
1402:, majority of them ethnic
205:48 unstandardised dialects
18:
9195:
9112:
9059:
8968:
8922:
8914:Slavic dialects of Greece
8850:
8815:
8804:
8770:
8668:
8593:
8584:
8523:
8505:
8482:
8473:
8374:
8306:
8196:
8166:
8129:
8120:
8084:
8047:
7994:
7985:
7945:
7941:
7919:
7858:
7822:
7780:
7732:
7603:Comasco-Lecchese dialects
7555:
7512:
7503:
7467:
7449:
7440:
7404:
7386:
7377:
7341:
7309:
7263:
7191:
7155:
7137:
7119:
7110:
7106:
7039:
6976:
6955:
6937:
6897:
6879:
6849:
6814:
6796:
6764:
6755:
6718:
6634:
6582:
6550:
6498:
6425:
6383:
6374:
6365:
6279:Slovenian National Corpus
6208:10.1017/S0025100300004874
5611:"Die vergessenen Steirer"
5367:Matičetov, Milko (1993).
4721:), optionally written as
3119:Vi ga niste videl/videla.
2796:
2713:
2542:
2512:
2443:
2389:
2320:
2295:
2266:
1554:Slovene minority in Italy
1426:) are used. Its flexible
1021:Slavic dialects of Greece
439:
427:
413:
396:
379:
360:
341:
336:
324:
276:
244:Official language in
242:
237:
212:
187:
134:
124:
114:
73:
55:
40:
35:
30:
6232:Toporišič, Jože (2001),
5230:10.4324/9781003034025-11
4752:, optionally written as
4561:. Some sources, such as
4386:/éː//èː//ɛ́ː//ɛ̀ː//ɛ//ə/
3416:ISO basic Latin alphabet
3144:('they') form (known as
2884:
2722:Vowels of Slovene, from
1793:Ulrich von Liechtenstein
1779:and in the areas around
1157:Banat Bulgarian alphabet
61:[slɔˈʋèːnʃtʃina]
7163:Central-Northern Latian
6598:Eastern Lower Carniolan
6566:Eastern Upper Carniolan
6313:9 February 2018 at the
6155:Herrity, Peter (2000),
3306:Serbo-Croatian language
2919:. There is no distinct
2178:Vsaka vas ima svoj glas
2054:national minorities in
2046:Geographic distribution
1835:Austro-Hungarian Empire
1534:Lower Carniolan dialect
1420:dual grammatical number
1414:. Its syntax is highly
130:2.5 million (2010)
9227:South Slavic languages
7795:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
7587:Bustocco and Legnanese
6984:Yugoslav Sign Language
6173:Jurgec, Peter (2007),
4577:Non-tonemic diacritics
3288:
3230:
3222:
3212:
3196:
3188:
3182:
3070:
3014:('a' or 'the barge'),
2931:Dead people or animals
2731:
2628:and forms a diphthong.
2597:depending on context.
2209:a type of custard cake
2163:
1935:Fascist Italianization
1855:of science throughout
1812:Protestant Reformation
1808:Slovene peasant revolt
1695:
1662:being firmly the most
1656:Mutual intelligibility
1638:South Slavic languages
1626:mutual intelligibility
1578:Indo-European language
1382:
473:South Slavic languages
441:This article contains
434:Slovene-speaking areas
48:
42:
9232:Languages of Slovenia
9045:Taimyr Pidgin Russian
8218:Italian Sign Language
8167:Other German dialects
7310:Other Italo-Dalmatian
6806:Eastern Herzegovinian
6626:South White Carniolan
6621:North White Carniolan
6417:North Pohorje–Remšnik
6359:Languages of Slovenia
6185:Šolar, Jakob (1950),
6159:, London: Routledge,
4776:are truly ambiguous.
4700:/áːɛ́ːéːíːɔ́ːóːúːə́r/
4681:/àːɛ̀ːèːìːɔ̀ːòːùːə̀r/
4656:are written as plain
4354:is written as simply
3065:with archaic Slovene
3056:
2721:
2583:, respectively (e.g.
2242:set consisting of 21
2153:
2056:Friuli-Venezia Giulia
1954:Carinthian Plebiscite
1909:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1789:Bernhard von Spanheim
1686:
1668:West Slavic languages
1664:mutually intelligible
1592:. It is close to the
1418:and characterized by
958:Transitional dialects
592:Eastern Herzegovinian
86:Friuli-Venezia Giulia
9247:Languages of Hungary
9237:Languages of Austria
7670:Southwestern Lombard
5784:The Slavic languages
5392:"Sounds and letters"
5224:. pp. 167–179.
5173:Greenberg, Marc L.,
3346:⟨tʃcz⟩
3338:⟨tʃch⟩
1869:Romantic nationalism
1744:, and some areas of
1722:Freising manuscripts
1713:known in Slovene as
1709:Freising manuscripts
1690:Freising manuscripts
1604:, the basis for the
1552:in Austria, and the
1470:improve this article
1016:Bulgarian–Macedonian
828:Eastern South Slavic
700:Prizren–South Morava
630:Prizren–South Morava
482:Western South Slavic
166:Western South Slavic
9242:Languages of Serbia
9071:Pan-Slavic language
8870:Burgenland Croatian
8750:Marcho-Magdeburgian
8347:Old Church Slavonic
7970:Vaccarizzo Albanian
6255:Slovenian Phonology
6021:. ŠUSS. 2 June 2005
5824:Zoltan Jan (2000).
5668:on 13 November 2010
5399:On Slovene Language
5379:on 7 November 2006.
5315:"Jezikovni položaj"
4966:on 13 November 2010
4368:is written also as
4346:is also written as
3461:word pronunciation
3350:⟨tcz⟩
3304:. Intended for the
3111:and the participle
3105:Vi ga niste videli.
2968:indefinite articles
2739:
2609:(also described as
2263:
2080:Province of Gorizia
2076:Province of Trieste
2024:colloquial language
1879:brought words from
1867:During the rise of
1715:Brižinski spomeniki
1704:Old Church Slavonic
1556:. For example, the
1550:Carinthian Slovenes
1434:language. It has a
1073:Macedonian Cyrillic
942:Standard Macedonian
278:Recognised minority
97:and also spoken in
9252:Languages of Italy
9157:Illič-Svityč's law
9137:Monophthongization
8645:Camaldolese Slovak
8458:Canadian Ukrainian
8324:Up to Proto-Slavic
8317:Proto-Balto-Slavic
7805:Judaeo-Piedmontese
7781:Other Gallo-Italic
7033:Languages of Italy
6956:Minority languages
6815:Standard varieties
6235:Slovenski pravopis
6187:Slovenski pravopis
5418:on 11 October 2017
5373:Jezik in slovstvo
5095:. Merriam-Webster.
4794:Slovenski pravopis
4632:Tonemic diacritics
3446:are not included:
3409:⟨ʃz⟩
3405:⟨ʃʃ⟩
3385:⟨ll⟩
3342:⟨cz⟩
3324:⟨ʃʃ⟩
3071:
3008:grammatical gender
2737:
2732:
2710:in that position.
2261:
2164:
2062:(around 90,000 in
1927:Slovenian Littoral
1696:
1602:Shtokavian dialect
1598:Kajkavian dialects
1068:Bulgarian Cyrillic
1000:Croatian–Slovenian
621:Šumadija–Vojvodina
505:Standard languages
9209:
9208:
9202:extinct languages
9033:Solombala English
8964:
8963:
8887:Prekmurje Slovene
8800:
8799:
8580:
8579:
8434:Doukhobor Russian
8357:Glagolitic script
8266:
8265:
8245:
8244:
8192:
8191:
8149:Southern Bavarian
8116:
8115:
8080:
8079:
8072:Triestine Serbian
7981:
7980:
7956:Arbëresh language
7917:
7916:
7913:
7912:
7854:
7853:
7818:
7817:
7571:Brianzöö dialects
7499:
7498:
7436:
7435:
7373:
7372:
7337:
7336:
6992:
6991:
6933:
6932:
6875:
6874:
6845:
6844:
6751:
6750:
6687:Lower Sava Valley
6238:, Ljubljana: SAZU
5837:978-961-234-246-3
5730:978-0-8047-1894-3
5700:978-1-84769-837-7
5479:978-91-87121-70-8
5408:978-92-823-2350-2
5353:Bogo Grafenauer,
5239:978-0-367-47191-0
5214:Kamusella, Tomasz
5139:Jezik in slovstvo
4940:. 10 January 2024
4839:Article 1 of the
4823:Article 1 of the
4748:is also used for
4696:ȃ ȇ ẹ̑ ȋ ȏ ọ̑ ȗ ȓ
4677:á é ẹ́ í ó ọ́ ú ŕ
4376:in that position.
4370:⟨l⟩
4356:⟨r⟩
4348:⟨e⟩
4337:⟨o⟩
4333:⟨e⟩
4322:
4321:
3444:⟨y⟩
3440:⟨x⟩
3436:⟨w⟩
3432:⟨q⟩
3428:⟨ž⟩
3424:⟨š⟩
3420:⟨č⟩
3401:⟨ʃ⟩
3393:⟨w⟩
3377:⟨y⟩
3369:⟨y⟩
3364:⟨ы⟩
3358:⟨y⟩
3329:⟨ſ⟩
3319:⟨ʃ⟩
3226:in genitive case.
3037:(' red tent') or
2871:
2870:
2560:
2559:
2234:Slovene phonology
2162:and other sources
2064:Venetian Slovenia
1939:Venetian Slovenia
1791:greeted the poet
1622:Prekmurje Slovene
1566:Province of Udine
1506:standard language
1502:
1501:
1494:
1198:
1197:
1163:
1162:
1028:
1027:
949:
948:
937:Spoken Macedonian
819:
818:
802:Prekmurje Slovene
467:
466:
449:rendering support
445:phonetic symbols.
326:Regulated by
9264:
9222:Slovene language
9103:Slavonic-Serbian
8954:Cieszyn Silesian
8825:Carpathian Rusyn
8813:
8812:
8591:
8590:
8480:
8479:
8365:Modern languages
8300:Slavic languages
8293:
8286:
8279:
8270:
8269:
8257:
8254:
8231:
8212:
8157:
8127:
8126:
8091:
8090:
7992:
7991:
7972:
7952:
7951:
7943:
7942:
7934:
7929:
7928:
7927:
7904:
7897:
7890:
7865:
7864:
7829:
7828:
7771:
7757:
7750:
7734:Emilian–Romagnol
7723:
7716:
7702:
7693:
7686:
7679:
7672:
7665:
7656:
7649:
7642:
7633:
7626:
7619:
7612:
7605:
7596:
7589:
7580:
7573:
7510:
7509:
7490:
7469:Franco-Provençal
7447:
7446:
7422:
7384:
7383:
7379:Occitano-Romance
7348:
7347:
7300:
7286:
7265:Extreme Southern
7234:
7129:Regional Italian
7117:
7116:
7108:
7107:
7064:Franco-Provençal
7031:
7030:
7019:
7012:
7005:
6996:
6995:
6924:
6904:
6903:
6782:
6762:
6761:
6709:
6702:
6700:Zagorje-Trbovlje
6695:
6676:
6657:
6600:
6568:
6516:
6489:
6482:
6458:
6401:
6381:
6380:
6372:
6371:
6352:
6345:
6338:
6329:
6328:
6321:
6306:
6298:
6239:
6228:
6190:
6181:
6169:
6151:
6132:
6131:
6120:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6109:
6103:
6092:
6084:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6073:
6062:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6048:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6015:
6009:
6003:
5997:
5996:
5984:
5978:
5976:
5972:
5964:
5958:
5952:
5946:
5940:
5934:
5928:
5915:
5909:
5896:
5890:
5884:
5878:
5872:
5866:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5851:Dapit, Roberto.
5848:
5842:
5841:
5821:
5815:
5814:
5802:
5796:
5793:
5787:
5780:
5774:
5767:
5761:
5754:
5748:
5741:
5735:
5734:
5711:
5705:
5704:
5684:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5673:
5658:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5632:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5606:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5595:
5580:
5574:
5573:
5571:
5569:
5554:
5548:
5547:
5540:
5534:
5533:
5526:
5520:
5519:
5512:
5506:
5505:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5463:
5457:
5456:
5434:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5423:
5417:
5411:. Archived from
5396:
5387:
5381:
5380:
5364:
5358:
5351:
5345:
5344:
5337:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5326:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5295:
5293:
5267:
5207:
5199:Kordić, Snježana
5195:
5189:
5171:
5162:
5161:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5134:
5125:
5124:
5120:Trubar, Primož,
5117:
5111:
5110:
5103:
5097:
5096:
5083:
5077:
5076:
5051:
5045:
5044:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5010:
5004:
5003:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4956:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4930:
4921:
4916:
4910:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4863:
4763:
4760:The schwa vowel
4751:
4743:
4720:
4701:
4682:
4655:
4651:
4643:
4639:
4626:
4618:
4603:
4599:
4592:
4560:
4556:
4552:
4513:
4509:
4503:
4490:
4484:
4471:
4465:
4452:
4446:
4433:
4428:jésen "ash tree"
4427:
4413:
4407:
4391:
4387:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4338:
4334:
4317:
4304:
4291:
4278:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4252:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4193:
4188:
4168:
4164:
4151:
4138:
4125:
4112:
4099:
4086:
4073:
4068:
4048:
4044:
4031:
4018:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3947:
3934:
3921:
3908:
3895:
3890:
3869:
3865:
3852:
3839:
3826:
3813:
3800:
3795:
3775:
3771:
3758:
3745:
3732:
3719:
3706:
3693:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3606:
3593:
3580:
3567:
3554:
3541:
3528:
3515:
3502:
3497:
3477:
3473:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3291:
3278:Metelko alphabet
3274:Bohorič alphabet
3264:Slovene alphabet
3233:
3225:
3215:
3199:
3191:
3185:
3168:Slovene numerals
2865:
2846:
2829:
2822:
2808:
2801:
2794:
2780:
2771:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2709:
2705:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2654:
2646:
2638:
2627:
2616:
2608:
2592:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2552:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2506:
2499:
2490:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2437:
2426:
2415:
2408:
2399:
2385:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2312:
2305:
2264:
2260:
2168:Slovene dialects
2086:, some parts of
2035:Slovenska matica
1700:Slavic languages
1630:Hrvatsko Zagorje
1588:, together with
1586:Slavic languages
1497:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1477:
1454:
1446:
1442:Standard Slovene
1390:language of the
1385:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1128:Bosnian Cyrillic
1060:Serbian Cyrillic
1041:
1040:
962:
961:
832:
831:
776:
719:Svrljig–Zaplanje
649:Svrljig–Zaplanje
531:Slavonic-Serbian
486:
485:
469:
468:
432:
423:
409: Slovenian
408:
391:
384:
374:
373:
365:
355:
354:
346:
316:
314:
313:
304:
302:
301:
292:
290:
289:
280:language in
268:
266:
265:
255:
253:
252:
227:Slovene alphabet
218:
140:
69:
63:
51:
45:
28:
27:
9272:
9271:
9267:
9266:
9265:
9263:
9262:
9261:
9212:
9211:
9210:
9205:
9191:
9114:
9108:
9062:
9055:
8985:Bohemian Romani
8970:Mixed languages
8960:
8937:Pannonian Rusyn
8918:
8860:Banat Bulgarian
8846:
8808:
8796:
8766:
8664:
8656:Pannonian Rusyn
8576:
8519:
8501:
8469:
8429:Alaskan Russian
8404:Old Novgorodian
8397:Old East Slavic
8370:
8352:Cyrillic script
8342:Church Slavonic
8302:
8297:
8267:
8262:
8261:
8260:
8255:
8251:
8241:
8227:
8208:
8188:
8174:Austrian German
8162:
8153:
8112:
8103:Calabrian Greek
8076:
8043:
8029:Natisone Valley
8014:Inner Carniolan
7977:
7968:
7937:
7930:
7925:
7923:
7909:
7900:
7893:
7886:
7850:
7814:
7782:
7776:
7767:
7753:
7746:
7728:
7719:
7712:
7708:Eastern Lombard
7698:
7689:
7682:
7675:
7668:
7661:
7652:
7645:
7638:
7629:
7622:
7615:
7608:
7601:
7592:
7585:
7576:
7569:
7565:Western Lombard
7551:
7495:
7486:
7463:
7432:
7418:
7400:
7369:
7333:
7311:
7305:
7296:
7282:
7259:
7245:Southern Latian
7230:
7211:Castelmezzanese
7187:
7151:
7133:
7102:
7035:
7025:
7023:
6993:
6988:
6972:
6951:
6929:
6920:
6893:
6871:
6841:
6810:
6792:
6778:
6747:
6728:Slovenian Hills
6714:
6705:
6698:
6691:
6682:Kozje-Bizeljsko
6672:
6663:Central Styrian
6653:
6644:Central Savinja
6630:
6596:
6592:Lower Carniolan
6584:Lower Carniolan
6578:
6564:
6560:Upper Carniolan
6552:Upper Carniolan
6546:
6512:
6494:
6485:
6478:
6469:Inner Carniolan
6454:
6445:Natisone Valley
6421:
6397:
6361:
6356:
6319:
6315:Wayback Machine
6304:
6296:
6293:
6275:
6267:Slovene Grammar
6263:
6246:
6218:
6167:
6140:
6135:
6122:
6121:
6117:
6107:
6105:
6101:
6090:
6086:
6085:
6081:
6071:
6069:
6064:
6063:
6056:
6046:
6044:
6039:
6038:
6034:
6024:
6022:
6017:
6016:
6012:
6004:
6000:
5990:
5985:
5981:
5965:
5961:
5955:Toporišič (2001
5953:
5949:
5941:
5937:
5931:Greenberg (2006
5929:
5918:
5910:
5899:
5891:
5887:
5879:
5875:
5867:
5863:
5855:
5849:
5845:
5838:
5822:
5818:
5803:
5799:
5794:
5790:
5781:
5777:
5768:
5764:
5755:
5751:
5742:
5738:
5731:
5712:
5708:
5701:
5685:
5681:
5671:
5669:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5645:
5643:
5634:
5633:
5629:
5619:
5617:
5607:
5603:
5593:
5591:
5581:
5577:
5567:
5565:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5542:
5541:
5537:
5528:
5527:
5523:
5514:
5513:
5509:
5500:
5499:
5495:
5480:
5464:
5460:
5453:
5435:
5431:
5421:
5419:
5415:
5409:
5394:
5388:
5384:
5365:
5361:
5352:
5348:
5339:
5338:
5334:
5324:
5322:
5308:
5304:
5296:. p. 174:
5291:
5289:
5240:
5210:Nomachi, Motoki
5205:
5196:
5192:
5172:
5165:
5154:
5150:
5135:
5128:
5118:
5114:
5105:
5104:
5100:
5085:
5084:
5080:
5074:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5025:
5021:
5012:
5011:
5007:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4969:
4967:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4943:
4941:
4932:
4931:
4924:
4917:
4913:
4906:
4902:
4893:
4892:
4888:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4865:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4821:
4782:
4772:and unstressed
4634:
4579:
4563:Maks Pleteršnik
4557:from regular l
4523:
4434:jesẹ̑n "autumn"
4369:
4355:
4347:
4336:
4332:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4190:
4177:
4165:
4070:
4057:
4045:
4002:
3997:
3984:
3977:
3965:
3961:
3892:
3879:
3797:
3784:
3772:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3499:
3486:
3474:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3392:
3384:
3376:
3368:
3363:
3362:yery character
3357:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3296:created by the
3286:This alphabet (
3284:
3282:Dajnko alphabet
3270:
3268:Slovene braille
3262:Main articles:
3260:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3159:
3089:form (known as
3081:form (known as
3075:T–V distinction
3051:
3049:T–V distinction
3043:hypercorrection
2970:as in English (
2960:
2893:
2887:
2882:
2880:Slovene grammar
2876:
2738:Slovene vowels
2716:
2486:
2449:
2422:
2395:
2358:
2326:
2278:
2256:
2236:
2230:
2170:
2148:
2048:
1865:
1681:
1676:
1596:and especially
1574:
1542:France Prešeren
1498:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1467:
1455:
1444:
1436:T–V distinction
1374:
1363:
1362:
1347:
1314:
1310:
1299:
1281:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1236:
1235:
1208:
1204:
1194:
1165:
1164:
1148:
1132:
1116:
1064:
1038:
1030:
1029:
990:
959:
951:
950:
933:
932:
917:
883:
838:Church Slavonic
829:
821:
820:
813:
812:
772:
762:
730:
729:
715:
711:Janjevo–Letnica
683:
682:
660:
659:
645:
641:Janjevo–Letnica
615:Smederevo–Vršac
602:
583:
569:
559:Younger Ikavian
534:
528:
483:
447:Without proper
435:
419:
404:
387:
380:
369:
368:
361:
350:
349:
342:
320:
311:
309:
308:
299:
297:
296:
287:
285:
281:
279:
263:
261:
259:
250:
248:
245:
238:Official status
232:Slovene Braille
230:
219:
214:
183:
141:
138:Language family
136:
127:
126:Native speakers
102:
89:
80:
49:slovenski jezik
24:
21:Slovak language
17:
12:
11:
5:
9270:
9260:
9259:
9254:
9249:
9244:
9239:
9234:
9229:
9224:
9207:
9206:
9196:
9193:
9192:
9190:
9189:
9184:
9182:Van Wijk's law
9179:
9177:Ruki sound law
9174:
9172:Pedersen's law
9169:
9164:
9159:
9154:
9149:
9144:
9139:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9118:
9116:
9110:
9109:
9107:
9106:
9099:
9092:
9085:
9080:
9079:
9078:
9067:
9065:
9057:
9056:
9054:
9053:
9048:
9041:
9036:
9029:
9022:
9017:
9015:Romano-Serbian
9012:
9007:
9002:
8995:
8988:
8980:
8974:
8972:
8966:
8965:
8962:
8961:
8959:
8958:
8957:
8956:
8946:
8941:
8940:
8939:
8932:Eastern Slovak
8928:
8926:
8920:
8919:
8917:
8916:
8911:
8910:
8909:
8904:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8873:
8872:
8862:
8856:
8854:
8848:
8847:
8845:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8833:
8832:
8821:
8819:
8810:
8806:Microlanguages
8802:
8801:
8798:
8797:
8795:
8794:
8793:
8792:
8782:
8776:
8774:
8768:
8767:
8765:
8764:
8763:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8742:
8741:
8740:
8735:
8725:
8724:
8723:
8722:
8721:
8709:
8708:
8707:
8700:
8693:
8688:
8677:East Lechitic
8674:
8672:
8666:
8665:
8663:
8662:
8661:
8660:
8659:
8658:
8651:Eastern Slovak
8648:
8636:
8635:
8634:
8632:White Croatian
8629:
8624:
8617:
8610:
8608:Biblical Czech
8599:
8597:
8588:
8582:
8581:
8578:
8577:
8575:
8574:
8569:
8568:
8567:
8562:
8557:
8552:
8547:
8540:Serbo-Croatian
8537:
8529:
8527:
8521:
8520:
8518:
8517:
8511:
8509:
8503:
8502:
8500:
8499:
8494:
8488:
8486:
8477:
8471:
8470:
8468:
8467:
8466:
8465:
8460:
8455:
8445:
8440:
8439:
8438:
8437:
8436:
8431:
8416:
8409:
8408:
8407:
8393:
8392:
8391:
8380:
8378:
8372:
8371:
8369:
8368:
8361:
8360:
8359:
8354:
8349:
8339:
8327:
8320:
8312:
8310:
8304:
8303:
8296:
8295:
8288:
8281:
8273:
8264:
8263:
8259:
8258:
8248:
8247:
8246:
8243:
8242:
8240:
8239:
8234:
8233:
8232:
8220:
8215:
8214:
8213:
8210:Italian Hebrew
8200:
8198:
8194:
8193:
8190:
8189:
8187:
8186:
8181:
8176:
8170:
8168:
8164:
8163:
8161:
8160:
8159:
8158:
8155:South Tyrolean
8146:
8141:
8135:
8133:
8124:
8118:
8117:
8114:
8113:
8111:
8110:
8105:
8099:
8097:
8088:
8082:
8081:
8078:
8077:
8075:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8059:
8053:
8051:
8049:Serbo-Croatian
8045:
8044:
8042:
8041:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8000:
7998:
7989:
7983:
7982:
7979:
7978:
7976:
7975:
7974:
7973:
7960:
7958:
7949:
7939:
7938:
7936:
7935:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7914:
7911:
7910:
7908:
7907:
7906:
7905:
7898:
7891:
7879:
7873:
7871:
7869:Rhaeto-Romance
7862:
7860:Rhaeto-Romance
7856:
7855:
7852:
7851:
7849:
7848:
7843:
7837:
7835:
7826:
7820:
7819:
7816:
7815:
7813:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7786:
7784:
7778:
7777:
7775:
7774:
7773:
7772:
7760:
7759:
7758:
7751:
7738:
7736:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7726:
7725:
7724:
7717:
7705:
7704:
7703:
7696:
7695:
7694:
7687:
7680:
7666:
7659:
7658:
7657:
7643:
7636:
7635:
7634:
7627:
7620:
7613:
7599:
7598:
7597:
7583:
7582:
7581:
7561:
7559:
7553:
7552:
7550:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7518:
7516:
7507:
7501:
7500:
7497:
7496:
7494:
7493:
7492:
7491:
7479:
7473:
7471:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7461:
7455:
7453:
7444:
7438:
7437:
7434:
7433:
7431:
7430:
7425:
7424:
7423:
7410:
7408:
7402:
7401:
7399:
7398:
7392:
7390:
7381:
7375:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7368:
7367:
7362:
7356:
7354:
7345:
7339:
7338:
7335:
7334:
7332:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7315:
7313:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7303:
7302:
7301:
7289:
7288:
7287:
7275:
7269:
7267:
7261:
7260:
7258:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7236:
7235:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7197:
7195:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7159:
7157:
7153:
7152:
7150:
7149:
7143:
7141:
7135:
7134:
7132:
7131:
7125:
7123:
7114:
7104:
7103:
7040:
7037:
7036:
7022:
7021:
7014:
7007:
6999:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6986:
6980:
6978:
6977:Sign languages
6974:
6973:
6971:
6970:
6965:
6959:
6957:
6953:
6952:
6950:
6949:
6943:
6941:
6935:
6934:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6927:
6926:
6925:
6912:
6910:
6901:
6895:
6894:
6892:
6891:
6885:
6883:
6877:
6876:
6873:
6872:
6870:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6853:
6851:
6847:
6846:
6843:
6842:
6840:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6818:
6816:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6808:
6802:
6800:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6790:
6785:
6784:
6783:
6770:
6768:
6759:
6757:Serbo-Croatian
6753:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6724:
6722:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6712:
6711:
6710:
6703:
6696:
6684:
6679:
6678:
6677:
6665:
6660:
6659:
6658:
6646:
6640:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6602:
6601:
6588:
6586:
6580:
6579:
6577:
6576:
6571:
6570:
6569:
6556:
6554:
6548:
6547:
6545:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6518:
6517:
6504:
6502:
6496:
6495:
6493:
6492:
6491:
6490:
6483:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6460:
6459:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6431:
6429:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6403:
6402:
6389:
6387:
6378:
6369:
6363:
6362:
6355:
6354:
6347:
6340:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6317:
6302:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6287:
6282:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6269:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6252:
6245:
6244:External links
6242:
6241:
6240:
6229:
6216:
6191:
6182:
6170:
6165:
6152:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6133:
6115:
6079:
6054:
6032:
6010:
5998:
5979:
5959:
5947:
5935:
5916:
5897:
5885:
5873:
5861:
5843:
5836:
5816:
5797:
5788:
5775:
5762:
5749:
5736:
5729:
5715:Merritt Ruhlen
5706:
5699:
5679:
5653:
5642:on 25 May 2009
5627:
5601:
5575:
5549:
5535:
5521:
5507:
5493:
5478:
5458:
5451:
5429:
5407:
5382:
5359:
5346:
5332:
5321:on 28 May 2010
5302:
5238:
5190:
5163:
5148:
5126:
5112:
5098:
5078:
5072:
5046:
5040:
5019:
5005:
4991:
4977:
4951:
4922:
4911:
4900:
4886:
4872:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4837:
4836:
4820:
4817:
4781:
4778:
4758:
4757:
4734:short and high
4726:
4703:
4688:inverted breve
4684:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4609:
4594:
4591:/aːeːiːoːuːər/
4578:
4575:
4543:Serbo-Croatian
4522:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4505:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4486:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4467:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4448:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4429:
4417:
4416:
4415:
4409:
4378:
4377:
4359:
4340:
4329:
4320:
4319:
4316:/ʒiwˈljɛ̀ːnjɛ/
4313:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4287:
4279:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4248:
4219:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4184:
4169:
4160:
4154:
4153:
4147:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4121:
4113:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4095:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4064:
4049:
4040:
4034:
4033:
4027:
4019:
4014:
4008:
4007:
3991:
3969:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3943:
3935:
3930:
3924:
3923:
3917:
3909:
3904:
3898:
3897:
3886:
3871:
3861:
3855:
3854:
3848:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3822:
3814:
3809:
3803:
3802:
3791:
3776:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3754:
3746:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3728:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3702:
3694:
3689:
3683:
3682:
3661:
3632:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3602:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3576:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3550:
3542:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3524:
3516:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3493:
3478:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3430:. The letters
3259:
3258:Writing system
3256:
3240:
3239:
3227:
3209:
3193:
3174:
3171:
3166:Main article:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3131:
3130:
3116:
3059:Jožef Nahtigal
3050:
3047:
3028:neka/ena barka
2959:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2889:Main article:
2886:
2883:
2878:Main article:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2859:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2774:
2772:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2715:
2712:
2691:, but not for
2663:The sequences
2661:
2660:
2629:
2618:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2548:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2491:
2483:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2400:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2272:
2267:
2255:
2252:
2238:Slovene has a
2232:Main article:
2229:
2226:
2194:code-switching
2166:Main article:
2147:
2144:
2122:(most notably
2110:(3-5,000), in
2047:
2044:
2009:Serbo-Croatian
1970:language shift
1931:Inner Carniola
1881:Serbo-Croatian
1864:
1863:Recent history
1861:
1857:Central Europe
1830:into Slovene.
1824:Jurij Dalmatin
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1590:Serbo-Croatian
1584:branch of the
1576:Slovene is an
1573:
1572:Classification
1570:
1500:
1499:
1458:
1456:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1408:European Union
1394:branch of the
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1144:Early Cyrillic
1141:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1002:
994:
993:
992:
991:
989:
988:
983:
977:
975:
970:
960:
957:
956:
953:
952:
947:
946:
945:
944:
939:
934:
931:
930:
924:
918:
916:
915:
910:
903:
899:
897:
887:
886:
885:
884:
882:
881:
876:
870:
868:
863:
858:
848:
847:
846:
845:
830:
827:
826:
823:
822:
817:
816:
815:
814:
811:
810:
804:
797:
793:
791:
781:
780:
779:
778:
766:
765:
764:
763:
761:
760:
755:
750:
744:
742:
734:
733:
732:
731:
728:
727:
721:
716:
714:
713:
708:
702:
695:
691:
689:
684:
681:
680:
674:
667:
663:
661:
658:
657:
651:
646:
644:
643:
638:
632:
623:
618:
608:
603:
601:
600:
594:
589:
584:
582:
581:
575:
570:
568:
567:
561:
554:
550:
548:
538:
537:
536:
535:
524:
522:
517:
512:
507:
499:
498:
497:
496:
493:Serbo-Croatian
484:
481:
480:
477:
476:
465:
464:
451:, you may see
437:
436:
433:
425:
424:
417:
411:
410:
402:
394:
393:
385:
377:
376:
366:
358:
357:
347:
339:
338:
337:Language codes
334:
333:
328:
322:
321:
284:
282:
277:
274:
273:
270:European Union
246:
243:
240:
239:
235:
234:
220:
216:Writing system
213:
210:
209:
208:
207:
201:
196:
189:
185:
184:
182:
181:
180:
179:
178:
177:
176:
175:
174:
173:
144:
142:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
75:
74:Native to
71:
70:
57:
53:
52:
38:
37:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9269:
9258:
9255:
9253:
9250:
9248:
9245:
9243:
9240:
9238:
9235:
9233:
9230:
9228:
9225:
9223:
9220:
9219:
9217:
9203:
9199:
9194:
9188:
9185:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9173:
9170:
9168:
9167:Meillet's law
9165:
9163:
9160:
9158:
9155:
9153:
9150:
9148:
9145:
9143:
9140:
9138:
9135:
9133:
9130:
9128:
9125:
9123:
9120:
9119:
9117:
9111:
9105:
9104:
9100:
9098:
9097:
9093:
9091:
9090:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9077:
9074:
9073:
9072:
9069:
9068:
9066:
9064:
9058:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9046:
9042:
9040:
9037:
9035:
9034:
9030:
9028:
9027:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
9000:
8996:
8994:
8993:
8989:
8987:
8986:
8983:20th century
8981:
8979:
8976:
8975:
8973:
8971:
8967:
8955:
8952:
8951:
8950:
8947:
8945:
8942:
8938:
8935:
8934:
8933:
8930:
8929:
8927:
8925:
8921:
8915:
8912:
8908:
8905:
8903:
8902:Slavomolisano
8900:
8899:
8898:
8895:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8871:
8868:
8867:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8857:
8855:
8853:
8849:
8843:
8842:West Polesian
8840:
8838:
8835:
8831:
8828:
8827:
8826:
8823:
8822:
8820:
8818:
8814:
8811:
8807:
8803:
8791:
8788:
8787:
8786:
8785:Lower Sorbian
8783:
8781:
8780:Upper Sorbian
8778:
8777:
8775:
8773:
8769:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8747:
8746:
8745:West Lechitic
8743:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8730:
8729:
8726:
8720:
8719:
8715:
8714:
8713:
8710:
8706:
8705:
8704:Middle Polish
8701:
8699:
8698:
8694:
8692:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8683:
8682:
8679:
8678:
8676:
8675:
8673:
8671:
8667:
8657:
8654:
8653:
8652:
8649:
8647:
8646:
8642:
8641:
8640:
8637:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8622:
8618:
8616:
8615:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8605:
8604:
8601:
8600:
8598:
8596:
8592:
8589:
8587:
8583:
8573:
8570:
8566:
8565:Slavomolisano
8563:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8542:
8541:
8538:
8536:
8535:
8534:Alpine Slavic
8531:
8530:
8528:
8526:
8522:
8516:
8513:
8512:
8510:
8508:
8504:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8489:
8487:
8485:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8472:
8464:
8463:Simple speech
8461:
8459:
8456:
8454:
8451:
8450:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8426:
8425:
8422:
8421:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8414:
8410:
8406:
8405:
8401:
8400:
8399:
8398:
8394:
8390:
8389:Simple speech
8387:
8386:
8385:
8382:
8381:
8379:
8377:
8373:
8367:
8366:
8362:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8344:
8343:
8340:
8337:
8333:
8332:
8328:
8326:
8325:
8321:
8319:
8318:
8314:
8313:
8311:
8309:
8305:
8301:
8294:
8289:
8287:
8282:
8280:
8275:
8274:
8271:
8253:
8249:
8238:
8235:
8230:
8226:
8225:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8211:
8207:
8206:
8205:
8202:
8201:
8199:
8195:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8171:
8169:
8165:
8156:
8152:
8151:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8136:
8134:
8132:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8119:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8100:
8098:
8096:
8095:Italiot Greek
8092:
8089:
8087:
8083:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8067:Slavomolisano
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8054:
8052:
8050:
8046:
8040:
8037:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8001:
7999:
7997:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7984:
7971:
7967:
7966:
7965:
7962:
7961:
7959:
7957:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7944:
7940:
7933:
7922:
7903:
7899:
7896:
7892:
7889:
7885:
7884:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7874:
7872:
7870:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7857:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7838:
7836:
7834:
7830:
7827:
7825:
7821:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7800:Judeo-Italian
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7787:
7785:
7779:
7770:
7766:
7765:
7764:
7761:
7756:
7752:
7749:
7745:
7744:
7743:
7740:
7739:
7737:
7735:
7731:
7722:
7718:
7715:
7711:
7710:
7709:
7706:
7701:
7697:
7692:
7688:
7685:
7681:
7678:
7674:
7673:
7671:
7667:
7664:
7660:
7655:
7651:
7650:
7648:
7644:
7641:
7637:
7632:
7628:
7625:
7621:
7618:
7614:
7611:
7607:
7606:
7604:
7600:
7595:
7591:
7590:
7588:
7584:
7579:
7575:
7574:
7572:
7568:
7567:
7566:
7563:
7562:
7560:
7558:
7554:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7519:
7517:
7515:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7502:
7489:
7485:
7484:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7474:
7472:
7470:
7466:
7460:
7457:
7456:
7454:
7452:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7442:Gallo-Romance
7439:
7429:
7426:
7421:
7417:
7416:
7415:
7414:Vivaro-Alpine
7412:
7411:
7409:
7407:
7403:
7397:
7394:
7393:
7391:
7389:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7376:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7357:
7355:
7353:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7340:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7316:
7314:
7308:
7299:
7295:
7294:
7293:
7290:
7285:
7281:
7280:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7270:
7268:
7266:
7262:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7233:
7229:
7228:
7227:
7224:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7198:
7196:
7194:
7190:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7160:
7158:
7154:
7148:
7145:
7144:
7142:
7140:
7136:
7130:
7127:
7126:
7124:
7122:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7112:Italo-Romance
7109:
7105:
7101:
7097:
7093:
7089:
7085:
7081:
7077:
7073:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7057:
7053:
7049:
7045:
7044:
7038:
7034:
7029:
7020:
7015:
7013:
7008:
7006:
7001:
7000:
6997:
6985:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6975:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6958:
6954:
6948:
6945:
6944:
6942:
6940:
6936:
6923:
6922:Gottscheerish
6919:
6918:
6917:
6914:
6913:
6911:
6909:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6896:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6884:
6882:
6878:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6848:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6819:
6817:
6813:
6807:
6804:
6803:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6789:
6786:
6781:
6777:
6776:
6775:
6772:
6771:
6769:
6767:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6754:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6717:
6708:
6707:Sevnica-Krško
6704:
6701:
6697:
6694:
6690:
6689:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6675:
6671:
6670:
6669:
6668:South Pohorje
6666:
6664:
6661:
6656:
6652:
6651:
6650:
6649:Upper Savinja
6647:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6633:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6599:
6595:
6594:
6593:
6590:
6589:
6587:
6585:
6581:
6575:
6572:
6567:
6563:
6562:
6561:
6558:
6557:
6555:
6553:
6549:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6515:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6506:
6505:
6503:
6501:
6497:
6488:
6484:
6481:
6477:
6476:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6457:
6453:
6452:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6430:
6428:
6424:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6400:
6399:Kranjska Gora
6396:
6395:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6386:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6364:
6360:
6353:
6348:
6346:
6341:
6339:
6334:
6333:
6330:
6324:
6318:
6316:
6312:
6309:
6303:
6301:
6295:
6294:
6286:
6283:
6280:
6277:
6276:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6247:
6237:
6236:
6230:
6227:
6223:
6219:
6217:0-521-65236-7
6213:
6209:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6192:
6188:
6183:
6180:
6176:
6171:
6168:
6166:0-415-23148-5
6162:
6158:
6153:
6149:
6148:
6142:
6141:
6129:
6125:
6119:
6100:
6096:
6089:
6083:
6067:
6061:
6059:
6042:
6036:
6020:
6014:
6007:
6006:Herrity (2000
6002:
5994:
5988:
5983:
5968:
5963:
5956:
5951:
5944:
5939:
5932:
5927:
5925:
5923:
5921:
5913:
5908:
5906:
5904:
5902:
5894:
5893:Herrity (2000
5889:
5882:
5881:Herrity (2000
5877:
5870:
5869:Herrity (2000
5865:
5854:
5847:
5839:
5833:
5829:
5828:
5820:
5812:
5808:
5801:
5792:
5785:
5779:
5772:
5766:
5759:
5753:
5746:
5740:
5732:
5726:
5722:
5721:
5716:
5710:
5702:
5696:
5692:
5691:
5683:
5667:
5663:
5657:
5641:
5637:
5631:
5616:
5612:
5605:
5590:
5586:
5579:
5564:. 15 May 2024
5563:
5559:
5553:
5545:
5539:
5531:
5525:
5517:
5511:
5503:
5497:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5475:
5471:
5470:
5462:
5454:
5452:86-11-15664-1
5448:
5444:
5440:
5433:
5414:
5410:
5404:
5400:
5393:
5386:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5350:
5342:
5336:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5306:
5299:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5204:
5200:
5194:
5188:
5187:3-89586-965-1
5184:
5180:
5176:
5170:
5168:
5159:
5152:
5144:
5140:
5133:
5131:
5123:
5116:
5108:
5102:
5094:
5093:
5088:
5082:
5075:
5073:3-12-539683-2
5069:
5065:
5061:
5060:Jones, Daniel
5056:
5050:
5043:
5041:3-12-539683-2
5037:
5033:
5029:
5028:Jones, Daniel
5023:
5016:(in Italian).
5015:
5009:
5001:
4995:
4987:
4981:
4965:
4961:
4955:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4927:
4920:
4915:
4909:
4904:
4896:
4890:
4882:
4876:
4868:
4862:
4858:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4816:
4812:
4810:
4806:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4791:
4787:
4777:
4775:
4771:
4767:
4755:
4747:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4716:
4712:
4711:short and low
4708:
4704:
4697:
4693:
4692:long and high
4689:
4685:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4647:
4622:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4595:
4588:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4546:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4495:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4476:
4468:
4466:med "between"
4462:
4461:
4460:
4457:
4449:
4443:
4442:
4441:
4438:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4410:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4396:
4393:
4383:
4364:
4360:
4341:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4280:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4220:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4170:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4140:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3975:
3974:
3970:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3936:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3479:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3417:
3412:
3366:
3356:sometimes as
3331:
3321:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3290:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3238:in all cases.
3237:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3173:Foreign words
3169:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3138:
3136:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3057:Tombstone of
3055:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3016:Noetova barka
3013:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2962:There are no
2952:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2934:Makes of cars
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2891:Slovene nouns
2881:
2867:
2864:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2793:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2735:
2730:is not shown.
2725:
2720:
2711:
2700:
2658:
2652:
2644:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2588:
2586:
2569:
2565:
2556:
2554:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2259:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2213:kremna rezina
2210:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2120:United States
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2072:Canale Valley
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2005:Yugoslav army
2002:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1986:Fascist Italy
1983:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1958:Germanization
1955:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1910:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1898:Fin de siècle
1895:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1859:at the time.
1858:
1854:
1853:
1852:lingua franca
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1816:Primož Trubar
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1750:Lower Austria
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1732:, as well as
1731:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1693:
1691:
1685:
1679:Early history
1671:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1546:Slovene Lands
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1526:Primož Trubar
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1496:
1493:
1485:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1459:This section
1457:
1453:
1448:
1447:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1377:-nee-ən, slə-
1366:
1359:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1293:
1251:
1250:
1239:
1232:
1202:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1034:
1033:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
995:
987:
984:
982:
979:
978:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
964:
963:
955:
954:
943:
940:
938:
935:
928:
925:
923:
920:
919:
914:
911:
909:
905:
904:
902:
898:
896:
895:
891:
890:
889:
888:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
856:
852:
851:
850:
849:
843:
839:
836:
835:
834:
833:
825:
824:
808:
805:
803:
799:
798:
796:
792:
790:
789:
785:
784:
783:
782:
777:
775:
770:
769:
768:
767:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
743:
741:
738:
737:
736:
735:
725:
724:Timok–Lužnica
722:
720:
717:
712:
709:
707:
704:
703:
701:
697:
696:
694:
690:
688:
685:
678:
675:
673:
669:
668:
666:
662:
655:
654:Timok–Lužnica
652:
650:
647:
642:
639:
637:
634:
633:
631:
627:
626:Prizren–Timok
624:
622:
619:
616:
612:
611:Kosovo–Resava
609:
607:
604:
599:
596:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
580:
577:
576:
574:
571:
566:
563:
562:
560:
556:
555:
553:
549:
547:
546:
542:
541:
540:
539:
532:
527:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
502:
501:
500:
495:
494:
490:
489:
488:
487:
479:
478:
474:
471:
470:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
444:
438:
431:
426:
422:
418:
416:
412:
407:
403:
401:
400:
395:
390:
386:
383:
378:
372:
367:
364:
359:
353:
348:
345:
340:
335:
332:
329:
327:
323:
319:
307:
295:
283:
275:
272:
271:
258:
247:
241:
236:
233:
228:
224:
221:
217:
211:
206:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
191:
190:
186:
172:
169:
168:
167:
164:
163:
162:
159:
158:
157:
154:
153:
152:
149:
148:
147:
146:Indo-European
143:
139:
133:
129:
123:
120:
117:
113:
109:
105:
100:
96:
92:
87:
83:
79:
76:
72:
68:
62:
58:
56:Pronunciation
54:
50:
44:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
9197:
9187:Winter's law
9147:Havlík's law
9101:
9094:
9087:
9043:
9031:
9024:
8999:Mednyj Aleut
8997:
8990:
8982:
8852:South Slavic
8809:and dialects
8716:
8702:
8695:
8643:
8619:
8614:Czechoslovak
8612:
8595:Czech-Slovak
8571:
8532:
8507:Transitional
8475:South Slavic
8411:
8402:
8395:
8363:
8331:Proto-Slavic
8329:
8322:
8315:
8252:
8229:Sinte Romani
8039:Torre Valley
7987:South Slavic
7932:Italy portal
7624:Vallassinese
7505:Gallo-Italic
7095:
7041:
6487:Šavrin Hills
6440:Torre Valley
6375:
6320:(in Slovene)
6305:(in Slovene)
6297:(in Slovene)
6291:Dictionaries
6234:
6199:
6186:
6179:ResearchGate
6178:
6156:
6146:
6138:Bibliography
6127:
6118:
6106:. Retrieved
6094:
6082:
6070:. Retrieved
6045:. Retrieved
6035:
6023:. Retrieved
6013:
6001:
5987:Jurgec (2005
5982:
5967:Jurgec (2007
5962:
5950:
5938:
5888:
5876:
5864:
5846:
5826:
5819:
5810:
5806:
5800:
5791:
5783:
5778:
5770:
5765:
5757:
5752:
5744:
5739:
5719:
5709:
5689:
5682:
5670:. Retrieved
5666:the original
5656:
5644:. Retrieved
5640:the original
5630:
5618:. Retrieved
5615:Der Standard
5614:
5604:
5592:. Retrieved
5588:
5578:
5566:. Retrieved
5561:
5552:
5538:
5524:
5510:
5496:
5468:
5461:
5442:
5438:
5432:
5420:. Retrieved
5413:the original
5398:
5385:
5377:the original
5372:
5362:
5354:
5349:
5335:
5323:. Retrieved
5319:the original
5311:Dular, Janez
5305:
5297:
5290:. Retrieved
5217:
5193:
5178:
5174:
5157:
5151:
5142:
5138:
5121:
5115:
5101:
5090:
5081:
5063:
5054:
5049:
5031:
5022:
5008:
4994:
4980:
4968:. Retrieved
4964:the original
4954:
4942:. Retrieved
4937:
4914:
4903:
4889:
4875:
4861:
4847:
4843:in English:
4840:
4838:
4833:
4829:in Slovene.
4824:
4822:
4813:
4808:
4804:
4802:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4783:
4773:
4769:
4765:
4759:
4753:
4745:
4737:
4733:
4730:double grave
4722:
4714:
4710:
4695:
4691:
4676:
4673:long and low
4672:
4662:
4657:
4645:
4644:are written
4635:
4620:
4612:
4605:
4586:
4580:
4570:
4566:
4547:
4539:pitch accent
4535:vowel length
4524:
4496:
4477:
4472:mẹ̑d "honey"
4458:
4447:kọ́t "angle"
4439:
4419:
4399:
4394:
4381:
4379:
4362:
4323:
4318:, življénje
4307:
4297:
4281:
4271:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4199:
4178:
4171:
4157:
4141:
4131:
4115:
4105:
4089:
4079:
4058:
4051:
4037:
4021:
4011:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3953:
3937:
3927:
3911:
3901:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3858:
3842:
3832:
3816:
3806:
3785:
3778:
3764:
3748:
3738:
3722:
3712:
3696:
3686:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3612:
3596:
3586:
3579:/tʃasɔˈpíːs/
3570:
3560:
3544:
3534:
3518:
3508:
3501:/abɛˈtséːda/
3487:
3480:
3466:
3458:example word
3413:
3302:Ljudevit Gaj
3285:
3241:
3235:
3223:Shakespearja
3217:
3205:
3201:
3176:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3134:
3132:
3127:videl/videla
3126:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3097:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3015:
3011:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2961:
2958:Definiteness
2925:
2917:instrumental
2894:
2733:
2701:
2662:
2656:
2632:
2593:has several
2589:
2584:
2561:
2257:
2237:
2212:
2204:
2198:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2160:Jakob Rigler
2140:South Africa
2068:Resia Valley
2049:
2033:
2028:
2017:
2013:
1998:
1990:Nazi Germany
1978:World War II
1975:
1951:
1924:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1894:Josip Jurčič
1890:Fran Levstik
1866:
1850:
1832:
1820:Adam Bohorič
1800:stara pravda
1799:
1797:
1785:
1773:
1767:and east of
1763:to south of
1754:
1738:Val Pusteria
1721:
1719:
1714:
1707:
1697:
1688:
1654:
1582:South Slavic
1575:
1503:
1488:
1479:
1468:Please help
1463:verification
1460:
1424:pitch accent
1392:Balto-Slavic
1388:South Slavic
1306:
1200:
1199:
1093:
1046:
1015:
999:
967:
913:Southeastern
892:
853:
787:
786:
771:
739:
543:
504:
491:
475:and dialects
440:
415:Linguasphere
397:
260:
170:
161:South Slavic
151:Balto-Slavic
25:
9162:Ivšić's law
9089:Army Slavic
9076:Interslavic
9061:Constructed
8924:West Slavic
8817:East Slavic
8586:West Slavic
8555:Montenegrin
8376:East Slavic
8237:Wenzhounese
8062:Montenegrin
8009:Gail Valley
7810:Piedmontese
7714:Bergamasque
7360:Campidanese
7201:Beneventano
7168:Marchigiano
7100:Wenzhounese
6837:Montenegrin
6542:Škofja Loka
6407:Jaun Valley
6393:Gail Valley
5087:"Slovenian"
4819:Sample text
4587:á é í ó ú ŕ
4512:/prɛˈtsɛ́j/
4510:precẹ̑j or
4508:/prɛˈtséːj/
4502:/ˈprɛ́tsɛj/
4491:pọ̑ł "half"
4485:pọ̑l "pole"
4414:gọ̑l "goal"
4408:gȍł "naked"
4256:/ʍsɛˈbiːna/
3946:/nɔˈʋìːtsɛ/
3920:/ˈmìːsliti/
3825:/ˈjàːbɔwkɔ/
3674:/ˈmɛ̀ːdʋɛt/
3581:, časopı̑s
3575:"newspaper"
3503:, abecẹ̑da
3218:Shakespeare
3035:rdeči šotor
3020:declensions
2585:vŕh drevésa
2562:All voiced
2514:Approximant
2040:Janez Dular
2030:Joža Mahnič
1982:Axis Powers
1907:During the
1902:Ivan Cankar
1877:Pan-Slavism
1742:South Tyrol
1614:Montenegrin
1383:slovenščina
1078:Montenegrin
1055:Gaj's Latin
520:Montenegrin
455:instead of
43:slovenščina
9216:Categories
9152:Hirt's law
9142:Dybo's law
9113:Historical
9026:Russenorsk
9005:Ponaschemu
8897:Shtokavian
8837:Podlachian
8738:Slovincian
8728:Pomeranian
8697:Old Polish
8497:Macedonian
8384:Belarusian
7755:Parmigiano
7547:Tabarchino
7537:Monégasque
7365:Logudorese
7284:Manduriano
7147:Florentine
6857:Macedonian
6798:Shtokavian
6385:Carinthian
6025:30 January
5989::9 and 12)
5813:: 339–363.
5672:3 February
5589:Die Furche
5343:. EZ Glot.
5292:23 January
5248:1390118985
5160:: 100–110.
4970:29 January
4854:References
4780:Regulation
4527:diacritics
4521:Diacritics
4426:/ˈjɛ̀ːsɛn/
4388:(although
4361:Vocalised
4342:The schwa
4187:/ˈùːlitsa/
4030:/pɔˈmóːtʃ/
3994:/ˈóːpitsa/
3922:, mísliti
3916:"to think"
3889:/lɛˈtàːlɔ/
3878:"airplane"
3827:, jábołko
3669:/ˈrɛ̀ːtʃi/
3529:, besẹ̑da
3527:/bɛˈséːda/
3492:"alphabet"
3294:the system
3272:See also:
3236:first lady
3192:('pizza').
3183:sposojenka
3157:Vocabulary
3135:polvikanje
3098:polvikanje
3039:rdeč šotor
2901:accusative
2897:nominative
2595:allophones
2564:obstruents
2254:Consonants
2244:consonants
2156:Tine Logar
1952:After the
1847:scientists
1843:Germanisms
1761:Klagenfurt
1757:Germanized
1734:East Tyrol
1652:dialects.
1646:Macedonian
1482:March 2021
1428:word order
1139:Glagolitic
1102:Bohoričica
1094:Historical
894:Macedonian
879:Meshterski
672:Burgenland
606:Zeta–Raška
552:Shtokavian
108:Vas County
9200:indicate
9115:phonology
9063:languages
9051:Trasianka
8877:Kajkavian
8865:Chakavian
8790:Schleifer
8733:Kashubian
8515:Torlakian
8492:Bulgarian
8448:Ukrainian
8413:Ruthenian
7996:Slovenian
7846:Triestine
7783:languages
7769:Forlivese
7748:Bolognese
7594:Legnanese
7532:Intemelio
7477:Valdôtain
7420:Mentonasc
7396:Algherese
7352:Sardinian
7343:Sardinian
7329:Sassarese
7324:Gallurese
7312:languages
7278:Salentino
7250:Tarantino
7221:Cosentino
7178:Romanesco
7092:Sardinian
6947:Hungarian
6766:Chakavian
6743:Prekmurje
6720:Pannonian
6226:249404451
6196:"Slovene"
6072:7 January
6047:7 January
5945::136–137)
5620:10 August
5488:802047788
5282:171014403
5274:125229577
5270:COBISS.SR
5256:259576119
5222:Routledge
4738:ȁ ȅ ȉ ȍ ȕ
4613:à è ì ò ù
4432:/jɛˈséːn/
4309:življenje
4260:/ˈwzéːti/
4251:/ˈʋɔ̀ːda/
4233:"content"
4192:/ˈmáːmut/
4183:"mammoth"
4032:, pomọ̑č
4004:/ɡɔˈspàː/
3999:/ˈɔ̀ːknɔ/
3948:, novíce
3894:/ˈzrɛ́uʷ/
3847:"peasant"
3801:, imẹ́ti
3799:/iˈmèːti/
3790:"to have"
3664:/ˈsèːdəm/
3605:/ˈdàːnəs/
3553:/ˈtsʋéːt/
3300:linguist
2835:Near-open
2786:Close-mid
2451:voiceless
2445:Fricative
2397:voiceless
2391:Affricate
2328:voiceless
2228:Phonology
2221:loanwords
2205:kremšnita
2201:loanwords
2185:Prekmurje
2136:Australia
2132:Argentina
2084:Carinthia
1966:Anschluss
1962:Carinthia
1915:Sodobnost
1726:Carinthia
1698:Like all
1660:Kajkavian
1650:Torlakian
1642:Bulgarian
1634:Međimurje
1594:Chakavian
1530:Ljubljana
1518:Ljubljana
1307:Slovenian
1155:Includes
1112:Metelčica
1037:Alphabets
1005:Kajkavian
981:Torlakian
927:Torlakian
874:Torlakian
855:Bulgarian
753:Ijekavian
693:Torlakian
687:Kajkavian
665:Chakavian
587:Dubrovnik
573:Slavonian
399:Glottolog
392:Slovenian
382:ISO 639-3
375:Slovenian
363:ISO 639-2
356:Slovenian
344:ISO 639-1
194:Prekmurje
115:Ethnicity
95:Carinthia
36:Slovenian
9096:Iazychie
9020:Runglish
8978:Balachka
8949:Silesian
8907:Bunjevac
8755:Polabian
8712:Silesian
8691:dialects
8686:Masurian
8670:Lechitic
8627:Moravian
8550:Croatian
8453:dialects
8424:dialects
8139:Cimbrian
8131:Bavarian
8057:Croatian
7964:Arbëresh
7947:Albanian
7888:Cadorino
7877:Friulian
7833:Venetian
7824:Venetian
7763:Romagnol
7691:Cremunés
7684:Novarese
7663:Varesino
7654:Ossolano
7647:Ticinese
7640:Milanese
7631:Lecchese
7514:Ligurian
7319:Corsican
7298:Pantesco
7292:Sicilian
7232:Arianese
7226:Irpinian
7216:Cilentan
7173:Marinese
7072:Germanic
7068:Friulian
7056:Croatian
7048:Albanian
6963:Albanian
6916:Bavarian
6899:Germanic
6822:Croatian
6788:Southern
6780:Čičarija
6733:Prlekija
6606:Čabranka
6527:Črni Vrh
6456:Banjšice
6427:Littoral
6311:Archived
6261:Grammars
6099:Archived
5717:(1991).
5594:9 August
5568:9 August
5313:(2001).
5286:Archived
5216:(eds.).
5201:(2024).
5055:Slovenia
4944:9 August
4453:kot "as"
4290:/ˈzìːma/
4286:"winter"
4264:/ˈlɛ́uʷ/
4194:, mȃmut
4176:"street"
4126:, šọ̑la
4124:/ˈʃóːla/
4120:"school"
4100:, svẹ̑t
4098:/ˈsʋéːt/
4072:/ˈtə́rk/
4063:"square"
4006:, gospá
3996:, ọ̑pica
3983:"window"
3976:"monkey"
3891:, letálo
3885:"mature"
3851:/ˈkmɛ́t/
3794:/ˈbìːti/
3757:/ˈxìːʃa/
3731:/ˈɡráːt/
3727:"castle"
3676:, médved
3666:, sẹ́dəm
3646:"to say"
3607:, dánəs
3555:, cvẹ̑t
3298:Croatian
3146:onikanje
3067:onikanje
2964:definite
2951:demonyms
2921:vocative
2913:locative
2905:genitive
2814:Open-mid
2280:Alveolar
2207:meaning
2174:dialects
2146:Dialects
2007:, where
1873:Illyrism
1769:Hermagor
1610:Croatian
1416:fusional
1404:Slovenes
1400:Slovenia
1107:Dajnčica
922:Northern
901:Dialects
861:Dialects
795:Dialects
565:Bunjevac
545:Dialects
515:Croatian
461:Help:IPA
406:slov1268
257:Slovenia
203:approx.
188:Dialects
119:Slovenes
78:Slovenia
9198:Italics
9083:Lydnevi
9039:Surzhyk
8772:Sorbian
8621:Knaanic
8572:Slovene
8560:Serbian
8545:Bosnian
8525:Western
8484:Eastern
8419:Russian
8308:History
8184:Yiddish
8144:Mòcheno
8019:Istrian
7742:Emilian
7721:Cremish
7700:Spasell
7610:Comasco
7557:Lombard
7527:Genoese
7522:Brigasc
7488:Cellese
7406:Occitan
7388:Catalan
7255:Vastese
7240:Molisan
7156:Central
7121:Italian
7096:Slovene
7084:Occitan
7052:Catalan
6889:Italian
6881:Romance
6832:Serbian
6827:Bosnian
6774:Central
6655:Solčava
6636:Styrian
6616:Kočevje
6537:Poljane
6474:Istrian
6376:Slovene
6273:Corpora
6108:16 July
6008::34–35)
5883::15–16)
5646:14 July
5265:4680766
4742:áɛ́íɔ́ú
4736:pitch:
4694:pitch:
4675:pitch:
4617:/aɛiɔu/
4489:/ˈpóːw/
4483:/ˈpóːl/
4470:/ˈméːt/
4445:/ˈkòːt/
4412:/ˈɡóːl/
4406:/ˈɡɔ́w/
4292:, zíma
4230:vsebina
4226:"water"
4189:, úlica
4150:/ˈtíːp/
4094:"world"
4067:/ˈríːʃ/
3913:misliti
3896:, zrȅł
3853:, kmȅt
3821:"apple"
3818:jabolko
3783:"to be"
3759:, híša
3753:"house"
3733:, grȃd
3707:, fȁnt
3705:/ˈfánt/
3681:, sə̏m
3679:/ˈsə́m/
3639:"seven"
3601:"today"
3572:časopis
3549:"bloom"
3496:/ˈdáːn/
3489:abeceda
3455:phoneme
3289:abeceda
3252:English
3248:Italian
3162:Numbers
3091:vikanje
3083:tikanje
3063:Dobrova
2874:Grammar
2751:Central
2726::137).
2322:Plosive
2285:Palatal
2240:phoneme
2217:calques
2108:Hungary
2092:Austria
2052:Slovene
1994:Hungary
1976:During
1947:Trieste
1943:Gorizia
1781:Trieste
1765:Villach
1674:History
1618:Serbian
1606:Bosnian
1386:) is a
1201:Slovene
1123:Arebica
1083:Slovene
908:Western
788:Slovene
758:Ikavian
748:Ekavian
740:Accents
526:Serbian
510:Bosnian
457:Unicode
306:Hungary
294:Austria
171:Slovene
104:Hungary
91:Austria
31:Slovene
9010:Quelia
8892:Resian
8681:Polish
8639:Slovak
8336:Accent
8223:Romani
8204:Hebrew
8197:Others
8179:Walser
8122:German
8034:Resian
7895:Fornes
7841:Fiuman
7677:Pavese
7617:Laghée
7578:Canzés
7542:Royasc
7482:Faetar
7459:Aostan
7451:French
7428:Niçard
7206:Barese
7183:Sabino
7139:Tuscan
7088:Romani
7060:French
6968:Romani
6939:Uralic
6908:German
6862:Slovak
6738:Haloze
6674:Kozjak
6611:Kostel
6532:Horjul
6522:Cerkno
6508:Tolmin
6480:Rižana
6412:Mežica
6367:Slavic
6224:
6214:
6163:
6128:un.org
5871::6ff.)
5834:
5727:
5697:
5562:GOV.SI
5486:
5476:
5449:
5405:
5325:11 May
5280:
5278:COBISS
5272:
5262:
5254:
5246:
5236:
5185:
5145:(6–7).
5070:
5038:
4938:GOV.SI
4798:SP2001
4740:(IPA:
4717:(IPA:
4698:(IPA:
4679:(IPA:
4615:(IPA:
4589:(IPA:
4531:stress
4497:precej
4312:"life"
4266:, lȅv
4253:, vóda
4247:"lion"
4240:"take"
4152:, tȋp
4146:"type"
4074:, tȓg
4056:"rice"
4026:"help"
4001:, ókno
3990:"lady"
3942:"news"
3939:novice
3875:letalo
3796:, bíti
3671:, réči
3660:"I am"
3653:"bear"
3650:medved
3523:"word"
3520:beseda
3452:letter
3442:, and
3426:, and
3280:, and
3244:German
3220:, but
3113:videli
2984:German
2909:dative
2714:Vowels
2568:voiced
2544:Rhotic
2488:voiced
2424:voiced
2360:voiced
2275:Dental
2270:Labial
2248:vowels
2246:and 8
2189:Resian
2128:Canada
2116:Europe
2112:Serbia
2104:Zagreb
2100:Rijeka
2096:Istria
2088:Styria
1992:, and
1839:German
1804:Vienna
1777:Istria
1736:, the
1730:Styria
1616:, and
1558:Resian
1302:, slə-
1047:Modern
986:Gorani
807:Resian
706:Gorani
677:Molise
636:Gorani
315:
303:
291:
267:
254:
199:Resian
156:Slavic
99:Styria
8944:Goral
8882:Pomak
8830:Lemko
8603:Czech
8443:Rusyn
8108:Griko
8086:Greek
8024:Karst
7902:Nones
7882:Ladin
7080:Ladin
7076:Greek
6867:Czech
6850:Other
6693:Laško
6574:Selca
6500:Rovte
6450:Karst
6222:S2CID
6102:(PDF)
6091:(PDF)
5914::136)
5856:(PDF)
5441:[
5422:2 May
5416:(PDF)
5395:(PDF)
5252:S2CID
5208:. In
5206:(PDF)
4707:grave
4669:acute
4464:/mɛt/
4451:/kɔt/
4420:jesen
4390:/ɛ̀ː/
4237:vzeti
4180:mamut
4173:ulica
4069:, rȋž
4023:pomoč
3987:gospa
3973:opica
3787:imeti
3701:"boy"
3636:sedem
3598:danes
3566:/t͡ʃ/
3540:/t͡s/
3498:, dȃn
3485:"day"
3418:plus
3310:Czech
3197:tujka
3123:niste
3109:niste
3012:barka
2982:) or
2885:Nouns
2763:Close
2746:Front
2653:]
2649:[
2645:]
2641:[
2626:]
2622:[
2615:]
2611:[
2607:]
2603:[
2581:/t͡s/
2297:Nasal
2290:Velar
2060:Italy
2020:slang
1885:Czech
1828:Bible
1746:Upper
1562:Torre
1538:Upper
1510:Upper
1373:sloh-
1361:
1305:) or
1298:sloh-
1249:-veen
1234:
866:Banat
598:Užice
579:Šokac
318:Italy
223:Latin
82:Italy
8760:Rani
8718:Lach
8004:Brda
6514:Bača
6464:Brda
6435:Soča
6212:ISBN
6161:ISBN
6110:2020
6074:2018
6049:2018
6027:2011
5993:help
5957::69)
5933::18)
5895::16)
5832:ISBN
5725:ISBN
5695:ISBN
5674:2011
5648:2014
5622:2024
5596:2024
5570:2024
5484:OCLC
5474:ISBN
5447:ISBN
5424:2015
5403:ISBN
5327:2012
5294:2024
5260:SSRN
5244:OCLC
5234:ISBN
5183:ISBN
5068:ISBN
5053:Cf.
5036:ISBN
4972:2011
4946:2024
4809:SSKJ
4750:/ə́/
4728:The
4719:/ə̀/
4705:The
4686:The
4667:The
4654:/ɔː/
4652:and
4650:/ɛː/
4642:/oː/
4640:and
4638:/eː/
4623:for
4602:/ɔː/
4600:and
4598:/ɛː/
4569:and
4537:and
4366:/uʷ/
4352:/ər/
4335:and
4283:zima
4223:voda
4217:/uʷ/
4163:/uː/
4117:šola
4091:svet
4047:/ər/
3980:okno
3963:/ɔː/
3959:/oː/
3882:zrel
3868:/uʷ/
3844:kmet
3780:biti
3770:/iː/
3750:hiša
3724:grad
3698:fant
3643:reči
3622:/ɛː/
3618:/eː/
3546:cvet
3472:/aː/
3334:/tʃ/
3266:and
3246:and
3206:wiki
3202:jazz
3189:pica
3004:eine
2915:and
2855:Open
2756:Back
2697:/nj/
2695:and
2693:/lj/
2689:/rj/
2683:and
2673:/rj/
2671:and
2669:/nj/
2665:/lj/
2579:and
2219:and
2183:The
2138:and
2124:Ohio
2102:and
1945:and
1892:and
1875:and
1748:and
1728:and
1720:The
1687:The
1648:and
1632:and
1560:and
1512:and
1300:VEEN
1247:SLOH
6204:doi
5975:/ɐ/
5971:/ʌ/
5226:doi
5057:in
4762:/ə/
4744:).
4658:e o
4646:ẹ ọ
4625:/ə/
4606:ê ô
4559:/l/
4555:/w/
4551:/ə/
4478:pol
4459:med
4440:kot
4400:gol
4374:/l/
4344:/ə/
4303:/ʒ/
4298:Ž ž
4277:/z/
4272:Z z
4244:lev
4213:/w/
4209:/ʍ/
4205:/ʋ/
4200:V v
4167:/u/
4158:U u
4143:tip
4137:/t/
4132:T t
4111:/ʃ/
4106:Š š
4085:/s/
4080:S s
4060:trg
4053:riž
4043:/r/
4038:R r
4017:/p/
4012:P p
3967:/ɔ/
3954:O o
3933:/n/
3928:N n
3907:/m/
3902:M m
3864:/l/
3859:L l
3838:/k/
3833:K k
3812:/j/
3807:J j
3774:/i/
3765:I i
3744:/x/
3739:H h
3718:/ɡ/
3713:G g
3692:/f/
3687:F f
3657:sem
3630:/ə/
3626:/ɛ/
3613:E e
3592:/d/
3587:D d
3561:Č č
3535:C c
3514:/b/
3509:B b
3482:dan
3476:/a/
3467:A a
3407:or
3399:as
3397:/ʒ/
3391:as
3389:/ʋ/
3383:as
3381:/l/
3375:as
3373:/j/
3354:/i/
3348:or
3336:as
3326:or
3314:/s/
3150:Sie
3142:oni
3093:).
3061:in
3000:ein
2996:das
2992:die
2988:der
2980:the
2966:or
2728:/ɐ/
2708:/ʋ/
2704:/l/
2685:/r/
2681:/n/
2677:/l/
2657:vsi
2637:/ʋ/
2633:vsi
2591:/ʋ/
2587:).
2577:/x/
2573:/f/
2435:d͡ʒ
2413:t͡ʃ
2406:t͡s
2211:is
2090:in
2022:in
1984:of
1740:in
1472:by
1432:SVO
1375:VEE
1252:or
842:Old
443:IPA
389:slv
371:slv
9218::
7098:,
7094:,
7090:,
7086:,
7082:,
7078:,
7074:,
7070:,
7066:,
7062:,
7058:,
7054:,
7050:,
7046::
6220:,
6210:,
6198:,
6177:,
6126:.
6097:.
6093:.
6057:^
5919:^
5900:^
5811:11
5809:.
5613:.
5587:.
5560:.
5482:.
5371:.
5284:.
5276:.
5268:.
5258:.
5250:.
5242:.
5232:.
5212:;
5166:^
5143:10
5141:.
5129:^
5089:.
4936:.
4925:^
4754:ə̏
4723:ə̀
4702:).
4683:).
4660:.
4621:ə̀
4593:).
4533:,
4422::
4402::
3438:,
3434:,
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