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stand just offshore, ready to sail at a few hours' notice. The
British were most concerned with the main fleet at Brest, which they believed would now be used to invade Wales or western Scotland, but a Royal Navy squadron under Commodore William Boys was also blockading Dunkirk. On 5 September, the squadron was ordered to depart, but could not get past the blockade. This was not entirely unpleasant for François, as on 15 September his wife Henriette bore him a daughter, Cécile-Henriette, his only known child. Eventually, after a storm blew the British ships off-station, Thurot's squadron got away on 15 October and spent the next night at Ostend, dropping off a cheeky letter to the Belgian press, announcing that they were heading northward. Gale-force winds then drove the squadron rapidly northward, a fact which appeared to be confirmed by another letter published in the Brussels
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808:. By this time food was being rationed, little was available from the islanders, and the morale of the soldiers was very low, so Brigadier General Flobert proposed that the mission should be abandoned. Thurot, after displaying the written orders stating that he, not Flobert, was in command of the mission, made a counter-proposal, that supplies should be obtained by making raids on the British coast. With the weather slightly easier, the squadron sailed again on 24 January 1760 and about a week later came within sight of northern Ireland. The weather prevented a landing on the open coast, so the next day Thurot proposed a raid on
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1000:, witnessed the battle and produced paintings showing the action and the aftermath, which were both made into engravings. Ballads were written about the Carrickfergus raid and the last battle, and a biography of Thurot by the Rev. John Francis Durand was in the shops by June, in two editions priced at 1s or 6½d; sadly, despite the author's claims to have known Thurot for years, the work consisted mostly of old news stories and outright fabrications.
872:, taking what they could from Carrickfergus (including any clothing they could find to protect them from the bitter winter) and preying on shipping, they embarked again, with some local dignitaries as hostages, on the night of 25–26 February before the local militia could arrive. François did manage to get one decent meal, and a night in a comfortable bed, thanks to the hospitality of a local family. Because Carrickfergus lies within
434:. Adopting the Dutch flag on this occasion, Thurot fired guns to call for assistance, and pilots came to help the crippled frigate into "Connestienne" (Lunnasting, north east coast of the main island—often just called VIdlin today, after its harbour, Vidlin-voe, where Thurot landed) bay. After staying a few days for repairs, and learning that the convoy from Russia had passed weeks earlier, François headed for Bergen. On 19 October,
697:, and a war fleet assembled at Brest. Recruiting was initially very slow, as the British had had a great deal of success against the Dunkirk privateers in the early years of the war; also Thurot had legal problems over money he owed in Holland. Intelligence reports suggested that the squadron was to attack the Hanoverian town of Stade and link with French forces pushing northward, but the latter were defeated at
757:, Thurot's partner from the previous cruise. Gossip in the port, swiftly relayed to the British government (along with complaints about the lack of a Royal Navy presence in the area) indicated that the planned destination was not Scotland but Ireland. Departing on 14 November, they again ran into foul weather, which separated them the next day, so Thurot had to put in at their prearranged rendezvous of
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sailors on the 1759–60 cruise were written off by the French government. François' wife
Henriette died in 1797, and in 1823 Cécile-Henriette, who had married one Pierre Garnier, gave to the Town Hall of Nuits Saint-Georges a portrait of her father in the uniform of a commodore, believed to be the basis of the engraving which illustrates this article. She died in 1830.
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news report observed that "he had justly acquired, and has left behind him, the two most amiable
Characteristicks of a Sailor or Soldier, intrepid Courage, and extensive Humanity", and a published letter from London reported that "most people here are sorry for his Death, as he on all Occasions behaved like a brave Officer, and a Gentleman." The artist,
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struggled back to Norway, but the
Captain, fearing mass desertion, avoided Bergen and pressed on to Gothenburg, which he reached on 1 February 1758. Repairs took over three months, and the cruise resumed on 11 May. Off the north-east coast of England, the revitalised crew captured several coal ships,
273:
According to the 1791 biography which is the principal source for this article, the vengeful François went back into privateering in 1755, after France and
Britain had again come into conflict over their colonies in America; this may be untrue, as the war was confined to the west side of the Atlantic
1008:
In 1790, Thurot's daughter Cécile-Henriette successfully applied for a government pension, based, surprisingly, on the 1753–4 court battle with the
British Customs, which had never been settled. The following year, the first true biography appeared, and, perhaps not coincidentally, debts incurred by
664:
To the government at
Versailles, the Captain next proposed a variant of the Portsmouth attack plan— making raids on less well-defended British coastal towns. This was seen as a good fit with plans for a full-scale invasion, serving as a very useful diversion. Beginning in spring 1759, a new squadron
191:
education, and was apprenticed in 1743 to a surgeon in Dijon. His father had died in 1739, and to help pay his mother's debts he pawned some silver he found at his aunt's house. It did not belong to his aunt, and he decided to leave Dijon to keep out of the way of the angry owner, a town councillor.
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who also served as chief mourner. Within half a century, the grave marker was gone, but the site was remembered, and a new marker has since been provided. Having been so greatly feared in
Britain, he was also mourned, and celebrations of his defeat paid him considerable respect. A widely circulated
413:
during this period, for it is claimed that in 1757 François was introduced there to Carl Björnberg, then the only member in Sweden of the mariners' society called the Order of Coldin—of which Thurot happened to be a senior member, so he was able to promote
Friherr Björnberg to a higher grade, which
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off the
Portuguese coast, it was decided that any diversion from the main invasion in south-west England would be useful. In the last week of August, the squadron, with some 1300 infantry troops led by Brigadier General Flobert crammed in alongside the sailors, moved from the harbour at Dunkirk to
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to Scotland, to arouse a new Jacobite rebellion; it seems the Prince did not like this idea, and at one point it was suggested that an imitator could be sent instead. Finally, with news arriving that the fleet assembling at Le Havre was being bombarded to destruction by the British, and that the
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went right in among them, and the British began a concerted artillery attack. Eventually, having studied their tactics, the Captain made an effective counter-attack and scattered them, capturing one before bad weather obscured visibility. By this time, Royal Navy vessels had been sent out
523:- including a serious wound to Captain Craig's throat. In the end, though, Thurot could not force either of the Royal Navy vessels to surrender, so the battle ended about noon with both sides limping away. Nineteen men were dead, and thirty-four wounded aboard the
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It was variously claimed that he was dressed in an ordinary sailor's uniform, and hence not recognised, or, on the contrary, that his corpse was found sewed up in the silk-velvet carpet from his cabin). He was buried with full honours in the churchyard of
443:
made it very clear that this easy capture, oddly unnamed in biographies of Thurot, was not a Royal Navy vessel, but presumably a British privateer). Arriving at Bergen on 30 October, he attempted unsuccessfully to obtain a second vessel to replace the
852:, the squadron obtained desperately needed provisions, including oats and some cattle (possibly on French credit, rather than with cash—contemporary sources disagree). Here too, according to one account, Thurot was shown a news article about the
358:
in a half-hour gun battle, then his consorts came up and made several attempts to board. After those attempts failed, the French tried to sink the British vessel, but eventually they abandoned the attack, as larger ships were seen approaching.
224:" at Dover, escaped, stole a small boat, and crossed to France. Joining another privateer as a common sailor, he swiftly proved his skill, and aged twenty, became captain, first of that vessel a new, very well-armed privateer operating out of
236:. Some biographers claim that about 1750 he married a Miss Sarah Smith, daughter of a London apothecary, but there is no surviving evidence of this. It seems that François also acquired a reputation as a skilful smuggler, too smart for the
860:, which brought at least one valuable success. Finally, on 21 February, the remaining troops—only about 600, because, in addition those lost on the missing ships, sickness had killed or disabled some 170 more—were landed at Kilroot near
601:, but by taking advantage of winds and mists he avoided four potentially lethal encounters, and headed northward in late August. Revisiting Shetland, François learned of the scale of the forces sent out against him, and headed for the
777:
were also unable to rejoin the squadron. Far to the south, though, the bad weather had done some good for the French, breaking up the British blockade at Brest; the French fleet there escaped on 14 November and headed south-east to
715:, dated 21 October, allegedly from aboard the Belle-Isle. Royal Navy ships had already been diverted by Boys from the Dunkirk blockade to defend the Scottish coast. The British press tried to make light of the situation:
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reported six killed and twenty-eight wounded between them. Captain Craig's wound did not heal well, and he retired on 25 January 1759; Captain Marlow went on to a successful career, and became an admiral in 1779–80.
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encountered a 26-gun frigate flying the English flag, so Thurot pretended that he was also British, until he was in a perfect position to attack, firing great guns and small arms simultaneously (naval historian
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set sail again on 25 November, and headed south, taking more prizes on the way. Thurot spent most of December at Ostend selling the various prizes, and finally reached Dunkirk at the beginning of January 1759.
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Three British ships caught up with Thurot's squadron on 28 February 1760, anchored at the entrance of Luce Bay. To avoid being trapped in the bay, Thurot's squadron set sail for the south-east, towards the
404:
continued the mission, maintaining uncertainty about their position by never accepting a ransom for ships they captured; any which were not sent for sale were sunk. It seems that the French vessels visited
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could be properly repaired, a storm broke two of the weakened masts. Shortly afterwards, the British caught up with them, and a battle ensued, from which the French barely escaped into the Dutch port of
963:. François was killed about the time of the second broadside, apparently by a musket-ball, and after a boarding party eventually got aboard, his crew surrendered. News reports claimed that aboard the
343:
on 16 July, and renewed his campaign against British shipping, with the ultimate aim of disrupting a convoy from Russia as it passed the Orkney Islands in early autumn. Very early in the cruise,
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and the Irish Sea. Having given the Royal Navy time to hear of his new exploits, Thurot then returned to Bergen via the Faroes, arriving on 13 September. After a couple of months' shore time,
580:, from 12 June Thurot got in among British vessels gathering to form a protected convoy, and captured several of them by pretending to be Danish, before the convoy escorts chased him away.
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off Red Head (between Arbroath and Montrose) early on the morning of 27 May. They were some distance apart, and Thurot at first thought they were merchant vessels, so he went to engage the
426:'s mooring cables snapped. Driven out to sea, Captain Desages never managed to rejoin his commodore, for when he set out in pursuit the next day, Thurot met the full force of the storm and
220:. Many French army and navy personnel were also released in the same prisoner exchange during that summer, but privateers were not eligible. In August, Thurot, who was being held aboard a "
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On 5 December 1759, Thurot's squadron gave up waiting for the three lost vessels and put to sea again, enduring more stormy conditions until 28 December when they were able to shelter at
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put to sea, fully repaired, on 25 December, and ran straight into another storm. Dismasted again, the frigate was driven far to the north, finally finding calm weather in the vicinity of
252:, searched it and seized it. Although there was insufficient evidence to charge him, the vessel was impounded, and Thurot spent over two years unsuccessfully trying to get it released.
216:, a key member of the French government, who had been captured in Hanover, but was being released in exchange for British military officers captured on 11 May 1745 at the Battle of
347:
was captured; shortly afterwards, on 25 July, while still in the English Channel, the remaining vessels, with a small prize in company, met the brand-new British frigate
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a few years previously, and had accompanied him on all his subsequent adventures—presumably the origin of the story of Miss Smith. Some 160 men had been killed aboard
816:. As they were about to enter the Lough, on the following morning, yet another gale caught them, and they were driven out into the Atlantic. About 11 February the
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permitted him to recruit new members (the Order was still operating in Sweden in 2007). On 5 October, under British flags, they even sheltered from bad weather at
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easily outgunned the British vessel, he continued the attack even after discovering the true nature of his opponent, and action commenced about 8 a.m.
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in northern Ireland. Against a very small defensive force with inadequate supplies of ammunition, they took control of Carrickfergus and its old
786:, the French fleet was ruined. Now Thurot was not providing a diversion from any action at all, but he would not find that out until much later.
212:
was captured by the British. After some months in captivity, during which he acquired an excellent grasp of the English language, Thurot met the
1237:
363:, though leaking badly, and with 24 of the crew dead or mortally wounded, managed to reach Weymouth and was soon back at sea. About 14 of the
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621:. Repairs were completed on 31 August, and a very short new campaign began, taking British merchant vessels in the channels leading to the
495:(20 guns, Capt. Robert Craig), accompanied by two small reconnaissance vessels, went out to track down the intruder, catching sight of the
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1552:
837:
769:, carrying 400 of the soldiers, had been damaged in the storms and driven far off course, so had to limp back to Dunkirk; the little
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782:, where they would pick up troops for the invasion. On 20 November, the Royal Navy caught up with them, and in the subsequent
290:, and, by the time he returned to port in September for repairs, is said to have captured or sunk some sixty British vessels.
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868:; during this action, Flobert was badly wounded, and had to stay ashore to recover. After demanding further provisions from
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856:. After repairs had been made, the mission resumed on 19 February, with a day looking for potential prizes in the
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in southern Norway; hearing that some merchant ships were in the area, he hastily armed this vessel, renamed it
983:. At some point, Thurot's corpse was thrown overboard, with many others, and it washed ashore in Monreith Bay.
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fired a second broadside, and neatly fell back so that the other two Royal Navy vessels could also fire at the
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After a relatively quiet period following the convoy's departure, in mid-July Thurot headed westward into the
179:
He may have been the son of the postmaster at Nuits-St-Georges or his grandfather was Captain O'Farrell from
1592:
Bailly, Camille (2000) "Lames de Sang: la vie exemplaire de François Thurot", self-published, 21220 Brochon,
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261:
693:. Simultaneously, large numbers of troop-carrying barges were prepared at both Dunkirk and Le Havre for the
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in the late eighteenth century. Francis Thurot briefly seized the port in 1759 after a diversionary attack.
556:, which happened to be in the harbour. Remarkably, they captured two merchant vessels on their own, which
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448:, and tried to avoid diplomatic problems, while simultaneously talking-up the morale of his tired crew.
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to replenish his supplies, before sailing southward round the west of the British Isles. Near Ireland,
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was rejected, in 1757 he was promoted to captain of a 44-gun frigate, named after his patron, the
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in 1748. For a time he worked as a merchant captain, beginning with a little six-ton lugger, the
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on 1 August. The plan then seems to have been changed, with a proposal that Thurot should ferry
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went out on raids, but on their second such excursion they met two large British frigates, and
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592:, where he encountered a flotilla of 17 small British armed vessels. By his officers' advice,
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then gradually headed north again. On 21 May, word of Thurot's activities reached the port of
228:, in which he captured a large number of enemy merchant ships before the war was ended by the
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76:
876:, they had to wait two days for a favourable wind to take them out to the open sea.
832:’s rudder was broken. To provide greater stability, some of the largest guns on the
572:, between Denmark and Sweden, taking numerous British merchant vessels. Rejoined by
240:
officers. In July 1753, while he was moored off the well-known smuggling coast near
1533:
1275:
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fought alone for about an hour and a half, suffering considerable damage; and when
1372:
Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours
828:(eventually running aground near St. Malo, scarcely seaworthy); at some point the
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Paris, Cercle Sociale, (1791) online at BNF Gallica- accessed 30 November 2007
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so he could use his troops to board, but all he achieved was the loss of his
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651:
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and Jurby Head on Man). After the first broadsides, Thurot tried to grapple
1461:
The Journal of John Wesley (standard edition) vol. 4, parts 11-2 & 12-1
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779:
614:
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for short). At the head of a small squadron including another frigate, the
1577:
1136:, Paris (Louviers): Amiot-Dumont (reprint, Ancre de Marine), p. 152,
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in Sweden, and stayed 19 days to make repairs; they were also rejoined by
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and sent it out to find them, with another small French armed vessel, the
1573:
1433:"Francis Thurot (1727–1760) and his Naval Engagement off the Isle of Man"
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arrived, Marlow was no longer able to offer much help. Casualties aboard
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to be sold. From 4 June, Thurot and the newly promoted Captain Payen in
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was once again dismasted, then driven north, almost unsteerable, to the
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30:
840:) were dismounted and moved into the bottom of the hold; four of the
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sprang a leak, so, pausing only to take a couple of brigantines off
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French Mediterranean fleet had been defeated by the Royal Navy at
633:
1529:: Historical Reconstruction of an 18th Century Royal Navy Frigate
991:, at the expense of the local laird, Sir William Maxwell Bt., of
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went to deal with the remaining French vessels, one of which,
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until May 1756. In that month, thanks to the influence of the
1606:
in the UK National Maritime Museum- accessed 30 November 2007
935:, and of many men on deck from British small-arms fire. Next
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148:
1338:
Pickle the Spy, or The Incognito of Prince Charles, chap. 13
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of the French army. As a teenager Thurot rebelled against a
1171:, London (Boston MA): Longman (reprint, Elibron Classics),
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On 30 May, Thurot captured a small sloop, which he took to
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744:
1056:
Troubled Waters: Shipwreck and Heartache on the Irish Sea
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alone, compared to four killed and eleven wounded aboard
844:
s were thrown overboard. After mooring on 16 February in
1359:, 10 November 1759, from London newspaper of 3 November
915:. At about sunrise the leader of the British squadron,
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M *** (Nicolas-Joseph Marey) "Vie du Capitaine Thurot"
370:
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between Captain Elliott and the French Captain Thurot
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1550:
Décret de la Convention Nationale, 11 Ventose, an 2
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1235:The Men who sailed with Captain James Cook website
740:We think it sufficient to send only Boys !"
1611:
738:When Thurot's small Squadron this Island annoys,
749:After eleven days at sea, the squadron reached
384:, where they stayed some time, making repairs.
200:, and François enrolled as surgeon aboard the
959:attempted to escape but was easily caught by
1483:
1481:
641:
35:Engraving of François Thurot, by Giles Petit
1223:Ordenssällskap införda i Sverige 1750--1774
192:Since March of that year, 1744, France and
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1424:
1160:
1158:
726:, de la Clue, and such great Men as those,
689:; and a little reconnaissance vessel, the
665:was prepared at Dunkirk, led again by the
309:Although a plan he proposed to attack the
29:
1559:librairie-marine.com- accessed 2007-12-04
1478:
1453:
1451:
1253:
660:Planned French Invasion of Britain (1759)
584:Late 1758: diversion to Ireland, and home
452:Early 1758: battle off the Firth of Forth
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883:The eastern side of Carrickfergus Castle
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645:
540:Spring 1758: preying on the Baltic trade
354:(Capt. James Gilchrist). Thurot engaged
1532:(MA thesis), Texas A&M University,
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745:Autumn 1759, another dwindling squadron
167:who raided British shipping during the
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1317:
1304:, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 123
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923:and battle began (within sight of the
477:. Two Royal Navy sloops of war there,
278:, Thurot was appointed captain of the
208:. In August, on its first cruise, the
1645:French people of the Seven Years' War
1521:
1515:
1368:
1324:UK National Archives catalogue search
1199:
1168:Studies in Naval History: Biographies
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422:. The shelter proved inadequate, and
248:, they boarded his cargo vessel, the
1572:
1334:
1266:(6), London: Military Library: 244,
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1042:Thurot family tree by Danièle Calder
613:, Thurot hastened to the shelter of
331:(Capt. Desages), and two corvettes,
1512:, 15 March 1760, from London papers
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1203:Battles of the British Navy, vol. 1
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854:defeat of the French invasion fleet
820:lost contact with the squadron off
371:Autumn 1757: the dwindling squadron
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13:
1457:
464:. With the crew on short rations,
301:
196:had been on opposite sides in the
14:
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888:28 February 1760, the last battle
790:Winter 1759–60, to Carrickfergus
367:s crew also died in the action.
89:
69:
1588:. Dublin: M. H. Gill & son.
1585:A Compendium of Irish Biography
1543:
1503:
1488:Harrison, William, ed. (1873),
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1328:
1301:Chronological Annals of the War
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1247:
1058:, Dublin: Nonsuch, p. 48,
765:two days later. Unfortunately,
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1107:. Caron Family. Archived from
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1071:
1047:
796:Battle of Carrickfergus (1760)
198:War of the Austrian Succession
174:
1:
1025:
967:was found a young woman from
720:EPIGRAM on THUROT's Squadron.
262:France in the Seven Years War
163:, merchant naval captain and
1165:Laughton, John Knox (1954),
1003:
669:, with four other frigates:
7:
1369:Roche, Jean-Michel (2005),
681:(Capt. Defrauaudais) &
266:
155:– 28 February 1760 off the
10:
1661:
1522:Flynn, Peter Erik (2006),
1490:"Captain Thurot: a memoir"
1378:(in French), vol. 1,
1256:"Naval Chronology, vol. 5"
1054:Ferguson, Patrick (2008),
902:The action took place off
891:
793:
657:
259:
56:28 February 1760 (aged 32)
1254:Schomberg, Isaac (1802),
971:, whom Thurot had met in
947:resumed the fight, while
642:Preparation and departure
637:, second mission, 1759–60
597:specifically to stop the
519:were heavier than aboard
230:Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
110:
102:
82:
64:
52:
40:
28:
21:
1579:"Thurot, Francois"
1437:Manx Notes & Queries
1431:Roeder, Charles (1904),
1280:10.1002/andp.18020110612
1085:. public library service
297:, first mission, 1757–59
1206:, London: Henry G. Bohn
894:Battle of Bishops Court
128:Battle of Bishops Court
123:Battle of Carrickfergus
1200:Allen, Joseph (1852),
1133:Histoire des Corsaires
1130:Merrien, Jean (1954),
921:Maréchal de Belle-Isle
907:
884:
736:(great Men) to oppose;
667:Maréchal de Belle-Isle
655:
635:Maréchal de Belle-Isle
576:, and a schooner, the
320:Maréchal de Belle-Isle
295:Maréchal de Belle-Isle
276:Maréchal de Belle-Isle
214:Maréchal de Belle-Isle
183:who had served in the
1630:People from Côte-d'Or
1382:: Jean-Michel Roche,
1335:Lang, Andrew (1897),
1298:Dobson, John (1763),
1244:- accessed 2007-12-03
1225:- accessed 2007-12-04
1044:, accessed 2007-12-04
901:
892:Further information:
882:
794:Further information:
703:Bonnie Prince Charlie
658:Further information:
649:
103:Years of service
1105:"Thurot family tree"
989:Kirkmaiden-in-Fernis
812:, in the shelter of
1567:Further information
1272:1802AnP....11..244C
1111:on 23 February 2014
919:caught up with the
145:Nuits-Saint-Georges
47:Nuits-Saint-Georges
1555:2007-05-18 at the
1260:Annalen der Physik
1240:2007-11-02 at the
908:
885:
677:(Capt. La Kayce),
656:
441:John Knox Laughton
1640:French privateers
1510:Newcastle Courant
1389:978-2-9525917-0-6
1357:Newcastle Courant
1079:"Francois Thurot"
1065:978-1-84588-912-8
339:, he sailed from
313:'s facilities at
204:, a privateer at
143:(22 July 1727 at
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77:Kingdom of France
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1473:
1464:, archived from
1455:
1446:
1445:
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1419:
1418:
1416:'Amarante' entry
1413:
1412:
1406:
1400:, archived from
1377:
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1039:
1013:Principal source
925:Mull of Galloway
836:(ten or a dozen
673:(Capt. Grieux),
484:(24 guns, Capt.
256:Seven Years' War
169:Seven Years' War
118:Seven Years' War
95:
93:
92:
84:
75:
73:
72:
33:
19:
18:
16:French privateer
1660:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1653:
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1610:
1609:
1604:1760 sea battle
1602:Picture of the
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662:
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639:
586:
542:
486:Benjamin Marlow
454:
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307:
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264:
258:
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159:) was a French
141:François Thurot
134:
90:
88:
70:
68:
57:
45:
36:
24:
23:François Thurot
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1635:French sailors
1632:
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1590:
1568:
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1458:Wesley, John,
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998:Richard Wright
889:
886:
858:Firth of Clyde
826:Outer Hebrides
791:
788:
746:
743:
717:
685:; a corvette,
643:
640:
638:
632:
619:County Donegal
585:
582:
541:
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475:Firth of Forth
453:
450:
432:Shetland Isles
396:was captured.
372:
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306:
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260:Main article:
257:
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244:in south-west
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1468:on 2007-12-13
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1407:on 2008-07-19
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862:Carrickfergus
859:
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802:Westmannahavn
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20:
1583:
1574:Webb, Alfred
1545:
1528:
1524:
1517:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1470:, retrieved
1466:the original
1460:
1440:, retrieved
1436:
1415:
1409:, retrieved
1402:the original
1371:
1364:
1356:
1352:
1342:, retrieved
1337:
1330:
1306:, retrieved
1300:
1293:
1283:, retrieved
1263:
1259:
1249:
1230:
1218:
1208:, retrieved
1202:
1182:, retrieved
1167:
1147:, retrieved
1132:
1125:
1113:. Retrieved
1109:the original
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1082:
1073:
1055:
1049:
1007:
985:
980:
976:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
928:
920:
916:
909:
846:Claggain Bay
841:
833:
829:
817:
799:
780:Quiberon Bay
774:
770:
766:
754:
748:
722:
719:
712:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
663:
634:
626:
615:Lough Swilly
606:
598:
593:
587:
577:
573:
565:
557:
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543:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
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364:
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355:
350:
344:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
308:
303:
294:
287:
286:in France's
279:
272:
267:
249:
233:
209:
201:
178:
140:
139:
111:Battles/wars
44:22 July 1727
1625:1760 deaths
1620:1727 births
1538:1969.1/3765
1115:19 February
1089:19 February
957:Terpsichore
913:Isle of Man
838:18-pounders
814:Lough Foyle
679:Terpsichore
623:River Clyde
611:Tory Island
568:roamed the
420:Moray Firth
394:Gros Thomas
390:Gros Thomas
375:Before the
365:Belle-Isle'
361:Southampton
356:Southampton
351:Southampton
337:Gros Thomas
323:(hereafter
304:Southampton
222:prison hulk
202:Cerf Volant
175:Early years
157:Isle of Man
151:in eastern
97:French Navy
1614:Categories
1472:2007-12-04
1442:2007-12-04
1411:2007-12-05
1344:2007-12-04
1308:2007-12-04
1285:2007-12-04
1210:2007-12-04
1184:2007-12-04
1149:2007-12-04
1026:References
977:Belle-Isle
969:Paddington
965:Belle-Isle
941:Belle-Isle
834:Belle-Isle
830:Belle-Isle
822:Barra Head
751:Gothenburg
627:Belle-Isle
607:Belle-Isle
599:Belle-Isle
594:Belle-Isle
525:Belle-Isle
505:Belle-Isle
497:Belle-Isle
466:Belle-Isle
458:Belle-Isle
436:Belle-Isle
428:Belle-Isle
407:Gothenburg
398:Belle-Isle
377:Belle-Isle
325:Belle-Isle
315:Portsmouth
311:Royal Navy
65:Allegiance
1398:165892922
1004:Afterword
953:Brilliant
708:Lagos Bay
590:Skagerrak
574:Emérillon
558:Emérillon
554:Emérillon
503:. As the
490:HMS
479:HMS
446:Chauvelin
424:Chauvelin
402:Chauvelin
386:Chauvelin
349:HMS
329:Chauvelin
250:Argonaute
242:Baltimore
161:privateer
106:1756-1760
59:Irish Sea
1576:(1878).
1553:Archived
1238:Archived
993:Monreith
933:bowsprit
818:Amarante
734:Boscawen
728:We send
724:Conflans
687:Amarante
650:View of
570:Kattegat
560:took to
527:, while
416:Findhorn
382:Flushing
341:St. Malo
284:corvette
280:Friponne
268:Friponne
234:Levrette
218:Fontenoy
206:Le Havre
165:smuggler
83:Service/
1525:H.M.S.
1268:Bibcode
943:. Then
870:Belfast
842:Blonde'
824:in the
804:in the
713:Gazette
578:Coureur
533:Solebay
529:Dolphin
521:Dolphin
517:Solebay
513:Solebay
509:Dolphin
501:Dolphin
492:Solebay
481:Dolphin
473:in the
462:Iceland
418:in the
345:Bastien
333:Bastien
246:Ireland
238:Customs
226:Dunkirk
194:Britain
181:Ireland
1596:
1527:Pallas
1396:
1386:
1380:Toulon
1175:
1140:
1062:
973:London
961:Pallas
949:Pallas
866:castle
784:battle
775:Houmar
771:Faucon
763:Norway
759:Bergen
755:Houmar
699:Minden
691:Faucon
683:Faucon
675:Blonde
566:Houmar
550:Houmar
546:Mandal
488:) and
411:Sweden
189:Jesuit
153:France
94:
85:branch
74:
1405:(PDF)
1376:(PDF)
981:Æolus
945:Æolus
937:Æolus
929:Æolus
917:Æolus
850:Islay
810:Derry
767:Begon
730:Hawke
671:Begon
471:Leith
149:Dijon
147:near
1594:ISBN
1394:OCLC
1384:ISBN
1173:ISBN
1138:ISBN
1117:2014
1091:2014
1060:ISBN
951:and
773:and
732:and
531:and
456:The
400:and
388:and
335:and
302:HMS
282:, a
210:Cerf
53:Died
41:Born
1534:hdl
1276:doi
761:in
409:in
1616::
1582:.
1496:,
1492:,
1480:^
1450:^
1435:,
1423:^
1414:,
1392:,
1316:^
1274:,
1264:11
1262:,
1258:,
1192:^
1157:^
1081:.
1034:^
848:,
617:,
171:.
1536::
1498:2
1278::
1270::
1119:.
1093:.
718:"
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