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Fleet carrier

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20: 144:. Fleet carriers, instead of operating as scouts for the fleet, would operate in unison with the fleet, to ward off air attacks and to strike opposing forces from the air. Cruisers and destroyers would protect fleet carriers. The fleet carriers would then displace battleships as the preeminent assets of the surface fleet. A fleet carrier would carry more than 50 aircraft, and be fast enough to keep up with other major elements of the fleet, such as cruisers and battleships. 33: 125:. The speed of the carrier during launch effectively decreased the takeoff distance for embarked aircraft, so faster carriers could operate heavier aircraft with greater range and superior combat capability. As such naval aircraft became operational, no nation could risk fielding less capable aircraft; so the speed of later purpose-designed aircraft carriers was set by the speed of the converted battle cruisers. The 494:(COD). When the supercarriers became operational, they carried a heavy attack squadron, two light attack squadrons, and two fighter squadrons with similar numbers of specialized aircraft, except the night fighters and bombers. As improved aircraft sensors became available, one or more full squadrons of fighters and bombers became capable of night operations. 467:. Japanese and American fleet carriers usually carried fighter squadrons, torpedo bomber squadrons, and dive bomber squadrons through World War II; but British fleet carriers were less likely to include a dive bomber squadron. The fleet carriers' longer range bombers were often used for the scouting role. 160:
were impervious to bombs of less than 12,000 pounds (5,400 kg). The fleet carriers of World War II were incapable of operating meaningful numbers of aircraft large enough to carry such heavy bombs over anticipated distances with performance characteristics to avoid defending aircraft. The term
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As combat experience demonstrated the importance of aircraft carriers, numerous ships were rapidly converted to operate aircraft during World War II; and it became important to differentiate ships with the speed and size allowed by the Washington Naval Treaty from ships that were slower and/or
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In the post-war era, the United States Navy sought to give aircraft carriers a strategic bombing capability in addition to their tactical role. The largest bombs carried by carrier aircraft during the Second World War had been about 2,000 pounds (910 kg) but experience had indicated some
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were developed to slow enemy ships so friendly battleships might catch and sink them. Dive bombing tactics were developed as aircraft strength improved through the 1930s, but limited aircraft capacity encouraged production of dual-purpose
474:, the typical United States Navy fleet carrier embarked two squadrons of jet fighters, two squadrons of piston fighter-bombers, and a squadron of attack planes. Smaller numbers of specialized aircraft were also carried, including 121:. Additional speed was not necessary for maintaining station with the battle fleet, but enabled the carrier to catch up with the battle fleet after temporarily leaving formation to turn into the wind for 1115: 148:
carried fewer aircraft. Ships of similar speed carrying fewer aircraft were identified as light aircraft carriers (CVL) and ships of lower speed became known as escort aircraft carriers (CVE).
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were installed on several different types of ships to explore the possibilities of operating naval aircraft without the performance limitations of flotation devices required for
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became the term to distinguish front-line aircraft carriers from the generic description of any warship carrying aircraft.
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Joseph A. Springer, "Inferno: The Epic Life and Death Struggle of the USS Franklin in World War II", Zenith, 2007,
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designed for strategic bombing roles from the older fleet carriers delegated limited tactical roles like
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Terry C Pierce, "Warfighting and Disruptive Technologies", Taylor & Francis, 2005,
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The earliest carrier aircraft were designed as fighters, scouts and gunfire observers.
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of 1922 limited the displacement of purpose-designed aircraft carriers to 23,000 tons.
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and other less capable types. In addition to many medium-sized carriers and
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Sandler, Stanley (2001), "Aircraft Carriers: Japanese, U.S., and British",
162: 98: 78: 70: 2019: 1858: 1757: 1633: 1588: 1310: 464: 110: 102: 94: 1476: 32: 2004: 1813: 1747: 1297: 1197: 1124: 1123: 582:, "The Diffusion of Military Power", Princeton University Press, 2010, 558:, "The Diffusion of Military Power", Princeton University Press, 2010, 471: 118: 113:. The most successful of these early aircraft carriers were built from 36: 497:
Early United States 21st-century fleet carriers typically embarked 45
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The idea of a modern fleet carrier was developed in 1931 by Admirals
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aircraft for traditional fighter, attack and ECM roles with twelve
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Alvarez, Beto; Robbins, Gary (4 July 2014). "The Fleet".
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designed to operate with the main fleet of a nation's
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Aircraft carriers were designed in the years between
679:. New York: William Morrow & Company. pp.  1024: 959: 1012:. New York: Ballantine Books. pp. 34&35. 2065: 161:fleet carrier then evolved to differentiate the 608:. New York: Arco Publishing. pp. 1&2. 1080: 1109: 953: 671:Dunnigan, James F.; Nofi, Albert A. (1995). 670: 1116: 1102: 1027:the dauntless dive bomber of world war two 1007: 933:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 44. 908:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 61. 883:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 24. 858:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 42. 833:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 57. 808:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 21. 783:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 40. 758:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 54. 733:. New York: Arco Publishing. p. 15. 177:Comparison of World War II fleet carriers 1055: 703: 31: 18: 1022: 645: 463:or scout-bombers rather than dedicated 53:(bottom), a medium-sized fleet carrier. 2066: 1097: 928: 903: 878: 853: 828: 803: 778: 753: 728: 603: 449: 85:are also classed as fleet carriers. 13: 484:airborne early warning and control 14: 2085: 69:. The term was developed during 1074: 1049: 1016: 1001: 984: 947: 922: 897: 872: 847: 822: 797: 772: 499:McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet 1223:Anti-submarine warfare carrier 747: 722: 697: 664: 639: 622: 597: 573: 549: 123:launch or recovery of aircraft 1: 1141:Naval ship classes in service 543: 73:, to distinguish it from the 1609:Harbour defence motor launch 507:Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye 7: 1892:Ballistic missile submarine 1738:Mine countermeasures vessel 648:World War II in the Pacific 516: 10: 2090: 1939:Submarine aircraft carrier 1321:Pre-dreadnought battleship 1131:in 19th and 20th centuries 1008:Macintyre, Donald (1968). 488:electronic countermeasures 88: 2038: 1957: 1877: 1834:General stores issue ship 1766: 1720: 1662: 1576: 1503:Amphibious transport dock 1495: 1424: 1344: 1296: 1278:Merchant aircraft carrier 1268:Interdiction Assault Ship 1208: 1136: 1056:Friedman, Norman (1983). 1023:Tillman, Barrett (1976). 704:Friedman, Norman (1983). 533:List of aircraft carriers 273:battlecruiser conversion 247:battlecruiser conversion 221:battlecruiser conversion 1912:Deep-submergence vehicle 1902:Cruise missile submarine 1829:Fast combat support ship 1472:Guided-missile destroyer 1330:Standard-type battleship 650:, Taylor & Francis, 492:carrier onboard delivery 351:Washington Naval Treaty 325:Washington Naval Treaty 299:Washington Naval Treaty 16:Type of aircraft carrier 1508:Amphibious warfare ship 1218:Amphibious assault ship 429:post-treaty production 403:post-treaty production 377:post-treaty production 127:Washington Naval Treaty 1584:Armed boarding steamer 1548:Landing Ship Logistics 1543:Landing ship, infantry 1369:Guided missile cruiser 1273:Light aircraft carrier 1058:U.S. Aircraft Carriers 706:U.S. Aircraft Carriers 503:Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk 156:hardened targets like 150:Fleet aircraft carrier 54: 29: 23:Russian fleet carrier 1784:Auxiliary repair dock 1733:Destroyer minesweeper 1629:Ocean boarding vessel 1533:Landing Craft Support 1528:Landing craft carrier 1248:Fighter catapult ship 929:Brown, David (1977). 904:Brown, David (1977). 879:Brown, David (1977). 854:Brown, David (1977). 829:Brown, David (1977). 804:Brown, David (1977). 779:Brown, David (1977). 754:Brown, David (1977). 729:Brown, David (1977). 604:Brown, David (1977). 511:Grumman C-2 Greyhound 509:AEW aircraft and two 480:aerial reconnaissance 181:The following is not 35: 22: 2010:Littoral combat ship 1563:Landing Ship Vehicle 1306:Coastal defence ship 1864:Replenishment oiler 1767:Command and support 1553:Landing Ship Medium 1416:Unprotected cruiser 1258:Flight deck cruiser 580:Michael C. Horowitz 556:Michael C. Horowitz 470:By the time of the 1980:Breastwork monitor 1844:Joint support ship 1799:Combat stores ship 1594:Coastal motor boat 1558:Landing Ship, Tank 1538:Landing Ship Heavy 1437:Convoy rescue ship 1263:Helicopter carrier 956:Nimitz, Chester W. 528:Helicopter carrier 505:helicopters, four 183:an exhaustive list 171:amphibious warfare 142:United States Navy 55: 30: 2074:Aircraft carriers 2061: 2060: 1965:Armed merchantman 1907:Cruiser submarine 1897:Coastal submarine 1664:Fast attack craft 1518:Dock landing ship 1396:Protected cruiser 1379:Pocket battleship 1336:Treaty battleship 1326:Super-dreadnought 1210:Aircraft carriers 1158:Operational zones 1010:Aircraft Carriers 996:978-0-7603-2982-5 977:978-0-13-796870-1 931:Aircraft Carriers 906:Aircraft Carriers 881:Aircraft Carriers 856:Aircraft Carriers 831:Aircraft Carriers 806:Aircraft Carriers 781:Aircraft Carriers 756:Aircraft Carriers 731:Aircraft Carriers 657:978-0-8153-1883-5 634:978-0-415-70189-1 606:Aircraft Carriers 588:978-0-691-14396-5 564:978-0-691-14396-5 450:Embarked aircraft 447: 446: 26:Admiral Kuznetsov 2081: 2000:Floating battery 1934:Midget submarine 1887:Attack submarine 1869:Submarine tender 1819:Destroyer tender 1649:Submarine chaser 1513:Attack transport 1457:Escort destroyer 1452:Destroyer leader 1447:Destroyer escort 1354:Aircraft cruiser 1168:Green-water navy 1163:Brown-water navy 1118: 1111: 1104: 1095: 1094: 1089: 1088: 1078: 1072: 1071: 1053: 1047: 1046: 1030: 1020: 1014: 1013: 1005: 999: 988: 982: 981: 965: 951: 945: 944: 926: 920: 919: 901: 895: 894: 876: 870: 869: 851: 845: 844: 826: 820: 819: 801: 795: 794: 776: 770: 769: 751: 745: 744: 726: 720: 719: 701: 695: 694: 678: 668: 662: 660: 643: 637: 626: 620: 619: 601: 595: 577: 571: 553: 188: 187: 138:Harry E. Yarnell 63:aircraft carrier 2089: 2088: 2084: 2083: 2082: 2080: 2079: 2078: 2064: 2063: 2062: 2057: 2051:Sailing vessels 2034: 1953: 1924:Fleet submarine 1873: 1854:Net laying ship 1779:Ammunition ship 1762: 1716: 1658: 1572: 1491: 1420: 1411:Torpedo cruiser 1391:Merchant raider 1359:Armored cruiser 1340: 1316:Fast battleship 1292: 1283:Seaplane tender 1228:Balloon carrier 1204: 1188:Central battery 1173:Blue-water navy 1132: 1122: 1092: 1079: 1075: 1068: 1054: 1050: 1043: 1021: 1017: 1006: 1002: 989: 985: 978: 952: 948: 941: 927: 923: 916: 902: 898: 891: 877: 873: 866: 852: 848: 841: 827: 823: 816: 802: 798: 791: 777: 773: 766: 752: 748: 741: 727: 723: 716: 702: 698: 691: 669: 665: 658: 644: 640: 627: 623: 616: 602: 598: 578: 574: 554: 550: 546: 538:Seaplane tender 519: 461:fighter-bombers 456:Torpedo bombers 452: 179: 91: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2087: 2077: 2076: 2059: 2058: 2056: 2055: 2054: 2053: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2035: 2033: 2032: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 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275: 272: 270: 269: 265: 264: 261: 258: 255: 252: 249: 246: 244: 243: 239: 238: 235: 232: 229: 226: 223: 220: 218: 217: 213: 212: 208: 205: 202: 200:Displacement 199: 196: 193: 190: 189: 186: 184: 174: 172: 168: 164: 163:supercarriers 159: 153: 151: 145: 143: 139: 135: 130: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 86: 84: 80: 79:supercarriers 76: 72: 68: 64: 60: 59:fleet carrier 52: 51: 45: 44:light carrier 41: 40: 34: 28: 27: 21: 1985:Capital ship 1970:Arsenal ship 1809:Crane vessel 1804:Command ship 1743:Mine planter 1721:Mine warfare 1687:Missile boat 1654:Torpedo boat 1614:Motor launch 1577:Patrol craft 1482:Radar picket 1288:Supercarrier 1252: 1087:: 10&11. 1082: 1076: 1057: 1051: 1026: 1018: 1009: 1003: 986: 961: 949: 930: 924: 905: 899: 880: 874: 855: 849: 830: 824: 805: 799: 780: 774: 755: 749: 730: 724: 705: 699: 674: 666: 647: 641: 624: 605: 599: 575: 551: 496: 469: 465:dive bombers 453: 435:23,000 tons 423: 409:27,100 tons 397: 383:25,675 tons 371: 357:22,000 tons 345: 331:19,800 tons 319: 305:17,300 tons 293: 279:22,500 tons 267: 253:36,000 tons 241: 227:36,500 tons 215: 180: 154: 149: 146: 131: 111:flying boats 103:Flight decks 99:World War II 92: 71:World War II 58: 56: 50:Vikramaditya 49: 38: 25: 2020:Mother ship 1859:Repair ship 1758:Minesweeper 1634:Patrol boat 1589:Armed yacht 1311:Dreadnought 1298:Battleships 1125:Naval ships 490:(ECM), and 424:Illustrious 119:battleships 95:World War I 2046:Ship types 2005:Guard ship 1879:Submarines 1814:Depot ship 1748:Minehunter 544:References 472:Korean War 268:Courageous 209:Reference 134:J.J. Clark 1753:Minelayer 1568:Troopship 1496:Transport 1462:Escorteur 1442:Destroyer 1183:Broadside 1151:auxiliary 1146:submarine 962:Sea Power 636:, p. 127. 438:30 knots 412:33 knots 386:34 knots 360:31 knots 346:Ark Royal 334:32 knots 308:34 knots 282:30 knots 256:34 knots 242:Lexington 230:31 knots 206:Aircraft 169:(CVS) or 107:seaplanes 48:INS  42:(top), a 37:INS  2068:Category 1995:Flagship 1728:Danlayer 1599:Corvette 1477:Kaibōkan 1346:Cruisers 1238:CAM ship 1193:Casemate 1129:warships 998:, p. 28. 958:(1960). 517:See also 320:Yorktown 2039:Related 2015:Monitor 1949:Wet sub 1794:Collier 1712:Shin'yō 1707:PT boat 1604:Gunboat 1467:Frigate 1198:Turrets 486:(AEW), 372:Shōkaku 197:Nation 173:(LPH). 140:of the 89:History 81:, some 1944:U-boat 1672:E-boat 1639:Q-ship 1425:Escort 1064:  1039:  994:  974:  970:–639. 937:  912:  887:  862:  837:  812:  787:  762:  737:  712:  687:  654:  632:  612:  586:  562:  380:Japan 302:Japan 224:Japan 203:Speed 61:is an 46:, and 39:Viraat 1487:Sloop 1432:Aviso 683:–88. 592:p. 65 568:p. 68 398:Essex 294:HiryÅ« 216:Akagi 194:Type 191:Name 1917:DSRV 1702:MTSM 1127:and 1062:ISBN 1037:ISBN 992:ISBN 972:ISBN 935:ISBN 910:ISBN 885:ISBN 860:ISBN 835:ISBN 810:ISBN 785:ISBN 760:ISBN 735:ISBN 710:ISBN 685:ISBN 652:ISBN 630:ISBN 610:ISBN 584:ISBN 560:ISBN 136:and 109:and 97:and 67:navy 1697:MTM 1692:MTB 1682:MGB 1677:MAS 968:635 441:33 432:UK 415:90 406:US 389:72 363:54 354:UK 337:79 328:US 311:64 285:42 276:UK 259:88 250:US 233:72 2070:: 1035:. 1033:15 681:80 590:, 566:, 482:, 101:. 57:A 1332:) 1328:( 1117:e 1110:t 1103:v 1070:. 1045:. 980:. 943:. 918:. 893:. 868:. 843:. 818:. 793:. 768:. 743:. 718:. 693:. 661:. 618:. 594:. 570:.

Index


Admiral Kuznetsov

INS Viraat
light carrier
INS Vikramaditya
aircraft carrier
navy
World War II
escort carrier
supercarriers
light carriers
World War I
World War II
Flight decks
seaplanes
flying boats
battlecruisers
battleships
launch or recovery of aircraft
Washington Naval Treaty
J.J. Clark
Harry E. Yarnell
United States Navy
submarine pens
supercarriers
anti-submarine
amphibious warfare
an exhaustive list
Akagi

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