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232:
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Constitution, with due authorization from the
Brazilian Congress. The Brazilian Code of Military Penal Law, in its chapter dealing with wartime offences, specifies the crimes that are subject to the death penalty. The death penalty is never the only possible sentence for a crime, and the punishment must be imposed by the military courts system. Per the norms of the Brazilian Code of Military Penal Procedure, the death penalty is carried out by firing squad.
534:
992:
491:
1709:
2796:
1803:
Reluctance by drug companies to see their drugs used to kill people has led to a shortage of the commonly used lethal injection drugs. In March 2015, Utah enacted legislation allowing for execution by firing squad if the drugs they use are unavailable. Several other states are also exploring a return
1826:
as the default method of execution (in the event lethal injection was unavailable) and added the firing squad to the list of execution options. South
Carolina has not performed executions in over a decade, and its lethal injection drugs expired in 2013. Pharmaceutical companies have since refused to
131:
A firing squad is normally composed of several soldiers, all of whom are usually instructed to fire simultaneously, thus preventing both disruption of the process by one member and identification of who fired the lethal shot. To avoid disfigurement due to multiple shots to the head, the shooters are
1845:
As of 2024, Idaho, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South
Carolina, and Utah use the firing squad for the death penalty. In 2023, The Tennessee legislature debated about using the firing squad as a means of execution. On March 20, 2023, the bill passed the Tennessee state legislature, and was signed by the
1601:
in 1942, renaming it
Disciplinary Training Center No.1 and housing troops convicted of offences across Europe. There were eighteen executions at the prison, two of them by firing squad for murder: Pvt. Alexander Miranda on 30 May 1944 and Pvt. Benjamin Pygate on 28 November 1944. Locals complained
461:
The
Brazilian Constitution of 1988 expressly prohibits the usage of capital punishment in peacetime, but authorizes the use of the death penalty for military crimes committed during wartime. War must be declared formally, in accordance with international law and article 84, item 19 of the Federal
465:
Although Brazil still permits the use of capital punishment during wartime, no convicts were actually executed during Brazil's last military conflict, the Second World War. The military personnel sentenced to death during World War II had their sentences reduced by the
President of the Republic.
1075:
During the Nazi occupation in World War II some 3,000 persons were executed by German firing squads. The victims were sometimes sentenced by a military court; in other cases they were hostages or arbitrary pedestrians who were executed publicly to intimidate the population. After the attack on
513:
noted that the punishment served as a deterrent and stated that the death penalty "fulfills a goal of overall prevention, especially when the idea is to stop such loathsome actions from being repeated, to deter others and so to prevent innocent human lives from being endangered in the future".
1383:
prohibits the death penalty. Previously, execution by firing squad was reserved for cases under military jurisdiction. As in the rest of Europe, the death penalty ordered by a civil court was carried out by other methods clearly different from execution. In modern times, mainly by
907:
Italy had used the firing squad as its only form of death penalty, both for civilians and military, since the unification of the country in 1861. The death penalty was abolished completely by both
Italian Houses of Parliament in 1889 but revived under the Italian
2807:
602:, applicable for military personnel). Almost all cases of capital punishment were tried by court-martial. Usually the executions were carried out by the regimental military police platoon, or by the local military police in the case of spies. One Finn,
297:, and several other former Fascists who voted to remove Mussolini from power were executed, they were tied to chairs facing away from their executioners. By some reports, Ciano managed to twist his chair around at the last second to face them.
508:
Cuba, as part of its penal system, still utilizes death by firing squad, although the last recorded execution was in 2003. In
January 1992 a Cuban exile convicted of "terrorism, sabotage and enemy propaganda" was executed by firing squad. The
784:
Execution by firing squad is the capital punishment method used in
Indonesia. The following persons were executed (reported by BBC World Service) by firing squad on 29 April 2015 following convictions for drug offences: two Australians,
942:
The last execution took place on 4 March 1947, as
Francesco La Barbera, Giovanni Puleo and Giovanni D'Ignoti, sentenced to death on multiple accounts of robbery and murder, faced the firing squad at the range of Basse di Stura, near
606:, was executed for a civilian crime (six murders). Most executions occurred in 1941 and during the Soviet Summer Offensive in 1944. The last death sentences were given in 1945 for murder, but later commuted to life imprisonment.
572:(January–May 1918); some 9,700 Finns and an unknown number of Russian volunteers on Red side were executed during the war or in its aftermath. Most executions were carried out by firing squads after the sentences were given by
2524:
1573:
was used during both World Wars for executions. During World War I, eleven captured German spies were shot between 1914 and 1916: nine on the Tower's rifle range and two in the Tower Ditch, all of whom were buried in
2002:
Gas-operated actions such as recoil depend on a high pressure state that only exists when the gas is trapped between the breech and the moving projectile. As there is no bullet in the blank, the recoil is greatly
1287:
In the Soviet Union, from the very earliest days, the bullet to the back of the head, in front of a ready-dug burial trench was by far the most common practice. It became especially widely used during the
951:
prohibited the death penalty except for some crimes, like high treason, during wartime; no one was sentenced to death after 1947. In 2007 the Constitution was amended to ban the death penalty altogether.
1804:
to the firing squad. Thus, after waning in both use and popularity in recent decades, as of 2022, firing squad executions appear to be at least anecdotally regaining popularity as an alternative to
3735:
482:
initiated a series of war tribunal trials against leftist people around the country. During the first months after his coup, hundreds of people were killed by firing squads and summary executions.
793:, the Ghanaian Martin Anderson, the Indonesian Zainal Abidin bin Mgs Mahmud Badarudin, three Nigerians: Raheem Agbaje Salami, Sylvester Obiekwe Nwolise and Okwudili Oyatanze, as well as Brazilian
282:
If the condemned prisoner is an ex-officer who is acknowledged to have shown bravery throughout their career, they may be afforded the privilege of giving the order to fire. An example of this is
3991:
3977:
1609:
troops—including 25 Canadians, 22 Irish and 5 New Zealanders—shot for desertion, murder, cowardice and other offences during World War I, some of whom are now thought to have been suffering from
1470:, looking for victims with the excuse of taking them for a walk, which ended with the shooting in the open fields, often at night. It was an abbreviated murder procedure in the form of the
1617:("shell-shock", as it was then known). This led to organisations such as the Shot at Dawn Campaign being set up in later years to try to uncover just why these soldiers were executed. The
840:
was sentenced to execution by firing squad for importing a large amount of cocaine; she lost her appeal against her sentence in April 2013. On 18 January 2015, under the new leadership of
721:
strength and were to rejoin their own army on the same day. However, they were discovered by the Americans and arrested. On 18 October 1944 they were found guilty of espionage by a U.S.
1359:
1777:
heritage". Gardner also felt that lawmakers were trying to eliminate the firing squad, in opposition to popular opinion in Utah, because of concern over the state's image in the
3355:
2515:
3327:
609:
The death penalty was abolished by Finnish law in 1949 for crimes committed during peacetime, and in 1972 for all crimes. Finland is party to the Optional protocol of the
3834:
2353:
1412:
373:, a prominent Argentine statesman and soldier who governed Buenos Aires in the 1820s, was executed by firing squad on 12 December 1828 after being defeated in battle by
163:) is sometimes incorporated in a firing squad execution, particularly if the initial volley turns out not to be immediately fatal. Before the introduction of firearms,
4554:
4156:
309:. In such cases, soldiers of the firing squad are not told beforehand whether they are using live or blank ammunition. This is believed to reinforce the sense of
2204:
1838:
for April 29, 2022. On April 15, 2022, Moore chose to be executed by firing squad instead of the electric chair, however, his execution was later stayed by the
1686:, 433 of the 573 men executed were shot dead by a firing squad: 186 of the 267 executed by the Union Army, and 247 of the 306 executed by the Confederate Army.
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administration, drug trafficking was punishable by firing-squad execution, as was done to Lim Seng. Execution by firing squad was later replaced by the
3223:
2116:
Along with many former allies of Castro, who did not agree with his communist agenda. Individuals would be executed while appealing their sentences.
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148:
can be carried out with the condemned either standing or sitting. There is a tradition in some jurisdictions that such executions are carried out at
3538:
3394:
1404:
3420:
2457:
289:. As a means of insulting the condemned, however, past executions have had them shot in the back, denied blindfolds, or even tied to chairs. When
878:. The executions have often been cited as a reason for how the Rising managed to galvanise public support in Ireland after the failed rebellion.
4057:
2354:"HD Stock Video Footage – German spy Stephan Kortas is executed by Military Policemen and is carried away covered in white sheet in Toul France"
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1962:
1638:
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recording of the effect of gunshot wounds on his heart during his 1938 execution by firing squad, and afterwards his body was donated to the
1304:; however, at times other methods have been used. Al-Beshi, a Saudi executioner, has said that he has conducted some executions by shooting.
426:
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RIETO TUERO, Indalecio: Cartas a un escultor. Pequeños detalles de grandes sucesos. (Introducción). Buenos Aires, Ed. Losada, 1961, p. 17.
4005:
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2148:
968:. Ringleaders of rebellions were often shot dead by firing squad during the French period, with perhaps the most notable examples being
3658:
2329:"HD Stock Video Footage – German spy Josef Wende is executed by U.S. Military Police firing squad in Toul, France, during World War II"
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after being found guilty by a U.S. military tribunal of ordering the killing of 15 U.S. prisoners of war in Italy during World War II.
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of a series of violent episodes and political repression that occurred during the Spanish Civil War, which took place on both the
159:, such as an execution by shot(s) to the back of the head or neck. However, the single shot by the squad's officer with a pistol (
4559:
3862:
2726:
1811:
On January 30, 2019, South Carolina's Senate voted 26–13 in favor of a revived proposal to bring back the electric chair and add
1634:
1495:
1490:"Executions without summary that were carried out in both areas of Spain and that dishonored us Spaniards on both sides equally".
1467:
4091:
2890:
2654:
3243:
2949:
2432:
1463:
1305:
1061:; however, in 2005 capital punishment was constitutionally prohibited, and there has not been a judicial execution since 1961.
713:
During World War II, on 24 September 1944, Josef Wende and Stephan Kortas, two Poles drafted into the German army, crossed the
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quotes Taylor justifying his choice because he did not want to "flop around like a dying fish" during a lethal injection.
1284:
In Imperial Russia, firing squads were used in the army for executions during combat on the orders of military tribunals.
4153:
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1034:
975:
The British also used the practice briefly, and for the last time in 1813, when two men were shot separately outside the
3992:"Bill to execute death row inmates by firing squad clears another hurdle, lawmaker suggests adding 'hanging on a tree'"
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1995:
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to honour these soldiers. In August 2006 it was announced that 306 of these soldiers would receive posthumous pardons.
1317:
1028:
and two of his generals were executed in the Cerro de las Campanas after the Juaristas took control of Mexico in 1867.
4143:
2568:"'At least a bullet is quick': British grandmother on death row in Indonesia for smuggling drugs prefers firing squad"
621:
447:, in which English-speaking German commandos operated behind U.S. lines, masquerading in U.S. uniforms and equipment.
3490:
1080:, about 300 people were executed publicly as reprisal against resistance movements. Rauter himself was executed near
980:
893:
of 81 persons. Included in those numbers were some prominent prisoners who were executed without trial as reprisals.
4204:
3636:
3583:
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2234:
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2099:
4539:
3958:"Idaho GOP lawmaker who wants to bring back firing squads says it's a 'more humane' option than lethal injection"
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could not find five men to form a firing squad, a shooting machine was built to carry out Mircovich's execution.
1376:
779:
357:
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4171:
3835:"South Carolina schedules execution of death row inmate, has his choice between electric chair or firing squad"
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1679:, General George Washington approved a sentence of death by firing squad, but the prisoner was later pardoned.
1614:
1396:
1107:
1041:
Firing-squad execution was the most common way to carry out a death sentence in Mexico, especially during the
4482:
861:
668:
was the first British soldier to be convicted of desertion and executed by firing squad in September 1914 at
386:
35:
1763:, "to make a statement that Utah was sanctioning murder". However, a 2010 article for the British newspaper
1428:
3219:
1839:
1831:
1716:
1694:
1676:
1222:
While in there were 13 people who executed by firing squad. They are known today as 13 martyrs of Cavite.
1167:
1007:
871:
643:
456:
320:
In practice however, firing a live round produces significant recoil, while firing a blank round does not.
63:
17:
1399:, several heroes of the independence of the former viceroyalties were executed by firing squad, including
4612:
4409:
4197:
3381:
1793:
902:
310:
3117:"Los tribunales populares durante la Guerra Civil en la provincia de Albacete (Los paseos de la muerte)"
2625:
1773:
was executed by firing squad in 2010, having said he preferred this method of execution because of his "
1416:
766:
was the last person to be executed by firing squad for a failed attempt to assassinate French president
4607:
4577:
4549:
3719:
3428:
2928:
2706:
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its troops in 2000; the British government in 1998 expressed sympathy for the executed and in 2006 the
1816:
1742:
1179:
Party and president of Norway during the German occupation in World War II, was sentenced to death for
961:
503:
215:
3459:
1955:
1887:
1558:, although it is now outlawed in all circumstances, along with all other forms of capital punishment.
917:
648:
586:
some 500 persons were executed, half of them condemned spies. The usual causes for death penalty for
1057:. After these events, the death sentence was imposed for fewer types of crimes in Article 22 of the
2274:
1594:
1013:
231:
1941:
1364:
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on 23 December 1944. Thirteen other Germans were also tried and shot at either Henri-Chapelle or
244:
3135:
816:
drug smugglers Samuel Iwachekwu Okoye and Hansen Anthoni Nwaolisa were executed in June 2008 in
703:
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2189:
1610:
1507:
1424:
1335:
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1025:
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in World War II, three captured German spies were tried and executed by a U.S. firing squad at
415:
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2014:
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2145:
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1900:
1835:
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1400:
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948:
689:
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31:
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2806:. 2: Iss. 1, Article 8. Scholars.wlu.ca (CanadianMilitaryHistory.ca reprint). Archived from
2488:
836:—were executed on the same spot in Nusakambangan. In January 2013 56-year-old British woman
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and sentenced to death. On 11 November 1944 they were shot in the garden of a farmhouse at
657:
626:
538:
336:
3766:"The Return of the Firing Squad", The Marshall Project, April 8, 2022, Accessed 2022-04-26
3160:
1261:
1150:—as well as military officers convicted of plotting coups against the government, such as
8:
4384:
4372:
4301:
2072:"Brazilian Laws – the Federal Constitution – Individual and collective rights and duties"
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1702:
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422:
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The Shot at Dawn Campaign with biographies of executed British and Commonwealth soldiers
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4312:
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as the only state utilizing this method of execution (and only as a secondary method).
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403:, after being convicted of "conveying troops to the enemy" during the First World War.
324:
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Sometimes, one or more soldiers of the firing squad may be issued a rifle containing a
105:
79:
2730:
1241:
abolished capital punishment through the enactment of Republic Act No. 9346. Existing
1053:, who survived being shot ten times—once at point-blank range—because he fought under
155:
Execution by firing squad is a specific practice that is distinct from other forms of
4062:
3922:
3695:
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3199:
3189:"Violencia en el Madrid de la Guerra Civil: los 'paseos' (julio a diciembre de 1939)"
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1991:
1921:
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1582:, London. On 15 August 1941, the last execution at the Tower was that of German Cpl.
1443:
1436:
1354:
1184:
932:
837:
821:
767:
579:. Only some 250 persons were sentenced to death in courts acting on legal authority.
569:
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522:
306:
283:
180:
145:
4058:"Firing squad executions to return in Idaho after lawmakers pass controversial bill"
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1881:
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government and political opponents to the revolution were executed by firing squad.
4337:
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4322:
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1805:
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Chair in which Josef Jakobs sat when he was executed by firing squad 15 August 1941
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2891:"'I'm still nervous,' says soldier who shot Nicolae Ceausescu | World news"
1605:
Since the 1960s, there has been some controversy concerning the 346 British and
1215:
was executed by firing squad on the morning of 30 December 1896, in what is now
729:. The footage of Wende's execution as well as Kortas's is shown in these links.
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announced a full pardon for all 306 executed soldiers from the First World War.
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3270:"German spy and last person to be executed in Tower of London's ties to Cambs"
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took place on 27 September 1975 by firing squads for two members of the armed
1095:
leader, was sentenced to death by firing squad and executed in the dunes near
4601:
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4362:
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4144:
Firing Squad Execution of a Civil War Deserter Described in an 1861 Newspaper
3978:"Firing squad discussed at Tennessee capitol as option for death row inmates"
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Execution by firing squad was banned in Utah in 2004, but as the ban was not
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Following the military overthrow of the democratically elected government of
440:
251:
The method is often the capital punishment or disciplinary means employed by
3764:
https://www.themarshallproject.org/2022/04/08/the-return-of-the-firing-squad
1602:
about the noise, as the executions took place in the prison yard at 1:00am.
4273:
4078:"US state to allow firing squad executions due to shortage of lethal drugs"
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were shot by a firing squad composed of other German prisoners kept in the
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2047:"HD Stock Video Footage – Military police execute German spies in Belgium"
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among the firing squad members. It provides each member with a measure of
30:"Firing squad" and "shot at dawn" redirect here. For the UK memorial, see
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2547:"BBC News – Bali drugs: Death sentence for Briton Lindsay Sandiford"
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3520:"Utah death row inmate Ronnie Lee Gardner elects to die by firing squad"
2516:"British grandmother Lindsay Sandiford appeals Indonesia death sentence"
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740:. He was the first American soldier executed for such offense since the
136:, sometimes aided by a paper or cloth target. The prisoner is typically
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844:, six people sentenced to death for producing and smuggling drugs into
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128:, such as the brain or heart, most often will kill relatively quickly.
4006:"Execution Costs in Idaho Take Center Stage with New Firing Squad Law"
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2727:"Artículo 22 – CONSTITUCION POLITICA DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS"
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1476:(Law for escapes). Sometimes common criminals participated in them.
991:
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in Ireland, 15 of the 16 leaders who were executed were shot by the
240:
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3839:
3244:"5 vulnerabilities to eliminate to protect your home from burglars"
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2019:
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Since 1960 there have been four executions by firing squad, all in
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494:
A communist insurgent is blindfolded and executed by firing squad,
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332:
168:
109:
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Executed at Dawn: The British Firing Squads of the First World War
3918:"Why Idaho is considering bringing back execution by firing squad"
2659:(in Maltese). San Gwann, Malta: BDL Publishing. pp. 161–172.
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in 1996, who chose a firing squad for his execution, according to
688:
troops who were executed for similar offenses, were listed at the
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Blindfold and Alone: British Military Executions in the Great War
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Serrano Fernández, Secundino; Álvarez Oblanca, Wenceslao (1987).
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Nigeria executes criminals who committed armed robberies—such as
813:
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Judicial follow up of the assassination attempt of Petit-Clamart
710:
after being convicted of spying for Germany during World War I.
613:, forbidding the use of the death penalty in all circumstances.
2999:
Prophets and Princes: Saudi Arabia from Muhammad to the Present
2242:
1774:
1550:. Execution by firing squad was limited to times of war, armed
1454:
to whom certain blame is attributed to be summarily executed. "
1360:
Execution of Torrijos and his Companions on the Beach at Málaga
1092:
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was executed by firing squad for desertion near the village of
677:
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272:
268:
224:
188:
4044:"Idaho Moves to Bring Back Firing Squad as Means of Execution"
3863:"South Carolina inmate picks firing squad over electric chair"
3736:"The Firing Squad Is Making a Comeback in Death Penalty Cases"
2950:"Saudi Arabia Executes a Prince Convicted in a Fatal Shooting"
1796:
banned execution by firing squad in 2009, temporarily leaving
1245:
inmates, who numbered in the thousands, were eventually given
4492:
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on 12 January 1949, following his conviction for war crimes.
1029:
944:
133:
101:
3891:"Court halts South Carolina plan for firing squad execution"
3597:
3024:"Saudi Arabia Carries Out Largest Mass Execution Since 1980"
2380:
Hitler's Spies: German Military Intelligence In World War II
2301:
Hitler's Spies: German Military Intelligence In World War II
4092:"Idaho governor signs firing squad execution bill into law"
2468:
1546:
The standard method of execution in the United Kingdom was
726:
495:
328:
149:
4555:
Resolutions concerning death penalty at the United Nations
3530:
3356:"Nevada State Prison Inmate Case Files: Andriza Mircovich"
2626:"History – Historic Figures: Benito Mussolini (1883–1945)"
3412:
3319:"Pardoned: the 306 soldiers shot at dawn for 'cowardice'"
430:
152:
or at sunrise, giving rise to the phrase "shot at dawn".
113:
3443:
2264:, Ben Fenton, August 16, 2006, accessed October 14, 2006
1792:
have the firing squad set as their method of execution.
1024:) were executed by Spanish firing squads. Also, Emperor
2592:"Fury as Indonesia executes foreigners by firing squad"
1658: State once used this method, but does not anymore
1308:, a Saudi princess, was also executed in the same way.
1183:
and executed by firing squad on 24 October 1945 at the
568:
The death penalty was widely used during and after the
187:, by some accounts, was tied to a tree and executed by
3374:
2471:"Nigerian drug smugglers buried a day after execution"
2163:
2161:
2122:
Political Disaffection in Cuba's Revolution and Exodus
1300:
Executions in Saudi Arabia are usually carried out by
1049:. An example of that is in the attempted execution of
889:
during which the Free State Government sanctioned the
820:
Island. Five months later three men convicted for the
684:. Highgate and Farr, along with 304 other British and
4575:
3572:
3162:
Los estudios sobre la Guerra Civil en Castilla y León
2205:"FINLEX ® – Valtiosopimukset viitetietokanta: 7/1976"
1532:, firing squad is the preferred method of execution.
1130:
assembly plant in the presence of Canadian military.
1032:
immortalized the execution in a now-famous painting,
317:
that they, personally, did not fire a bullet at all.
3048:
2972:
Behind the Veil: An Australian Nurse in Saudi Arabia
1484:
Letters to a sculptor: small details of great events
611:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
323:
In more recent times, such as the 2010 execution of
3358:. Nevada State Library and Archives. Archived from
3076:"La represión nacionalista: "paseos" y ejecuciones"
3049:Thomas, Hugh; Daurella, Neri; Thomas, Hugh (1978).
2158:
3938:"Why Idaho is considering firing squad executions"
3720:"Firing squad gets final OK. So how does it work?"
3317:
2514:
2408:"Vichy leader executed for treason – Oct 15, 1945"
2134:(University of North Carolina Press: 2006), p. 96.
1880:
1879:
885:, a split in the government and the Dail led to a
1334:, were executed by a British firing squad in the
717:behind U.S. lines in civilian clothes to observe
4599:
3456:Elephants on Acid: And Other Bizarre Experiments
3158:
3114:
2888:
2544:
2131:The Origins of the Cuban Revolution Reconsidered
4030:"Idaho set to bring back death by firing squad"
3688:"Why the execution drug shortage won't go away"
3124:Revista de la Facultad de Educación de Albacete
3053:. Barcelona: Grijalbo Mondadori. p. 1004.
1670: State has considered using a firing squad
1272:following a show trial, bringing an end to the
1122:. The men were lined up against the wall of an
517:During the months following the triumph of the
3514:
3348:
2750:
1822:signed a bill into law which brought back the
1639:Capital punishment debate in the United States
1524:Capital punishment in the United Arab Emirates
960:Firing squads were used during the periods of
175:is usually depicted as executed by a squad of
4205:
2707:"Día Mundial contra la Pena de Muerte – CNDH"
2469:Agus Maryono and Suherdjoko (June 28, 2008).
949:Constitution of the newly proclaimed Republic
395:was executed by a German firing squad at the
2794:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2257:
2255:
1219:, where his remains have since been placed.
95:
62:civilians accused of being partisans on the
3342:"George Washington Convenes a Firing Squad"
3186:
2813:on 2012-02-04 – via Internet Archive.
1986:Carver, Field Marshal Lord Michael (1999).
1815:to its execution options. On May 14, 2021,
1652: State uses this as a secondary method
1016:, several Independentist generals (such as
979:after being convicted of failing to report
410:, was executed by a German firing squad at
4212:
4198:
2917:, Souvenir Press: London, 1999, pp. 21–34.
2377:
2298:
2125:(Cambridge University Press, 2007), p. 62.
2032:
2030:
1920:. Duell, Sloan & Pearce. p. 208.
1586:, shot for espionage during World War II.
343:, which provides a more realistic recoil.
207:arranged in a semi-circle, executed by an
4122:Hughs-Wilson, John and Corns, Cathryn M,
3536:
3418:
3220:United Arab Emirates (UAE): Death penalty
2685:
2648:
2646:
2252:
1961:. Department of the Army. December 1947.
1647:Firing squad usage in the United States.
1512:Revolutionary Antifascist Patriotic Front
996:Execution of Emperor Maximilian of Mexico
935:, was executed by a U.S. firing squad in
702:was executed by a French firing squad at
672:during World War I. In October 1916 Pte.
27:Execution by multiple shooters on command
3196:Studia historica. Historia contemporánea
2989:
2656:Il-Piena Kapitali f'Malta u Pajjiżi Oħra
2094:
2092:
2012:
1707:
1642:
1560:
1542:Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
1353:
1200:
990:
647:
620:
551:
532:
489:
414:after being convicted of spying for the
361:
235:Mass execution of 56 Polish citizens in
230:
214:
198:
194:
4560:Capital punishment for drug trafficking
3606:"Plan to abolish firing squad advances"
2947:
2834:, Britons Publishing Co., 1967, p. 176
2696:Known history of the Mexican Revolution
2227:
2225:
2027:
1988:Britain's Army in the Twentieth Century
1635:Capital punishment in the United States
1517:
1496:last use of capital punishment in Spain
1264:was executed by firing squad alongside
556:Execution of a Soviet infiltrator by a
14:
4600:
4219:
3603:
3483:
3159:Blanco Rodríguez, Juan Andrés (1995).
2995:
2845:"Philippines 'restores' death penalty"
2753:"Death penalty debate grows in Mexico"
2652:
2643:
1985:
1664: State has never used this method
1306:Mishaal bint Fahd bin Mohammed Al Saud
1106:in Amsterdam, and five days after the
1038:; he painted at least three versions.
598:(and to a lesser extent cowardice and
541:members in front of a firing squad in
4193:
3656:
3604:Dobner, Jennifer (January 22, 2004).
3449:
3427:. State Bar of Nevada. Archived from
3267:
3231:Amnesty International (Urgent Action)
2968:
2926:
2913:Chapter 2, "Niyazov", in Lev Razgon,
2819:13 May 1945 German deserter execution
2765:from the original on 11 February 2009
2275:"Mata Hari is executed –Oct 15, 1917"
2089:
1736:University of Utah School of Medicine
1197:Capital punishment in the Philippines
1175:, the leader of the collaborationist
1071:Capital punishment in the Netherlands
852:Penitentiary shortly after midnight.
751:, the puppet leader of Nazi-occupied
227:against their superior officers, 1918
4565:Capital punishment for homosexuality
3832:
2962:
2744:
2222:
1913:
1901:participating institution membership
1861:Use of capital punishment by country
1693:became the first and only inmate in
433:. These executed spies took part in
120:are usually readily available and a
116:. Some reasons for its use are that
3888:
3860:
3566:"Utah bans firing-squad executions"
2915:True Stories: Memoirs of a Survivor
2100:"Cuban Firing Squad Executes Exile"
2013:Westcott, Kathryn (June 18, 2010).
1956:"Procedure for Military Executions"
1035:The Execution of Emperor Maximilian
732:On 31 January 1945, U.S. Army Pvt.
191:archers on 20 November 869 or 870.
132:typically instructed to aim at the
24:
4102:
3168:. Studia Zamorensia. p. 127.
3115:Morcillo Rosillo, Matilde (1988).
2751:Gibbs, Stephen (4 February 2009),
2489:"Bali bomb burials stoke tensions"
2435:. 3 September 2013. Archived from
2194:at Statistics Finland (in Finnish)
1450:" ("To the wall!") to express the
1318:Capital punishment in South Africa
920:in the last days of World War II.
680:, which was later suspected to be
300:
25:
4629:
4488:Most recent executions by country
4137:
3783:. South Carolina General Assembly
3421:"Capital Punishment Nevada Style"
1942:"The Psychology of Firing Squads"
1827:sell drugs for lethal injection.
1715:was the first and only inmate in
1535:
1482:would define these executions in
692:which was erected to honor them.
406:On 1 April 1916 a Belgian woman,
391:On 12 October 1915 British nurse
4585:
4010:Death Penalty Information Center
3889:Liu, Michelle (April 20, 2020).
3861:Liu, Michelle (April 15, 2022).
3833:Betz, Bradford (April 7, 2022).
3816:"2021-2022 Bill 200: Executions"
3659:"Lethal Injection Drug Shortage"
3637:Death Penalty Information Center
3584:Death Penalty Information Center
3330:from the original on 2022-01-11.
2948:Hubbard, Ben (18 October 2016).
2191:Kuolemantuomio kuolemantuomiolle
2155:at the Finnish National Archives
2146:War Victims of Finland 1914–1922
1628:
377:and later convicted of treason.
211:firing squad in World War I
49:
4540:Religion and capital punishment
4112:, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, 1974
4084:
4070:
4050:
4036:
4022:
3998:
3984:
3970:
3950:
3930:
3910:
3882:
3854:
3826:
3808:
3794:
3769:
3757:
3728:
3712:
3680:
3650:
3558:
3508:
3400:from the original on 2022-10-09
3334:
3310:
3286:
3261:
3236:
3213:
3180:
3152:
3108:
3067:
3042:
3016:
2941:
2920:
2907:
2882:
2863:
2837:
2824:
2788:
2775:
2719:
2699:
2618:
2615:, (London, 2006), pp. 264–276.
2605:
2584:
2560:
2545:Karishma Vaswani (2013-01-22).
2538:
2527:from the original on 2022-01-11
2507:
2481:
2462:
2451:
2433:"Pierre Laval : Biography"
2425:
2400:
2371:
2346:
2321:
2292:
2267:
2197:
2183:
2139:
2110:
1968:from the original on 2022-10-09
1917:The Execution of Private Slovik
1914:Huie, William Bradford (1954).
1377:Spanish transition to democracy
1311:
1295:
780:Capital punishment in Indonesia
358:Capital punishment in Argentina
179:archers in around AD 288; King
90:, in the past sometimes called
3491:"Firing Squad Executes Killer"
3419:Cafferata, Patty (June 2010).
2927:Ahmed, Mahmoud (6 June 2003).
2247:Secretary of State for Defence
2175:. June 6, 2016. Archived from
2064:
2039:
2015:"How and why Gardner was shot"
2006:
1979:
1948:
1934:
1907:
1873:
1615:post-traumatic stress disorder
1397:decolonization of the Americas
1279:
1190:
1064:
755:, was executed for treason at
13:
1:
4483:Enforcement or use by country
3633:"Recent Legislative Activity"
3537:Donaldson, Amy (1996-02-09).
2869:Sun Star Cebu. 25 June 2006.
1866:
1237:. On 24 June 2006, President
862:Capital punishment in Ireland
387:Capital punishment in Belgium
346:
108:, particularly common in the
36:Firing squad (disambiguation)
3742:. 2017-03-03. Archived from
3663:Council of State Governments
3187:Cervera Gil, Javier (1995).
2795:Chris Madsen (August 2006).
1840:South Carolina Supreme Court
1832:South Carolina Supreme Court
1677:American War of Independence
1458:" (Going for a walk) is the
1268:while singing the Communist
1168:Capital punishment in Norway
1108:capitulation of Nazi Germany
1076:high-ranking German officer
1008:Capital punishment in Mexico
972:and other patriots in 1799.
872:Dublin Castle administration
773:
644:Capital punishment in France
629:by a French firing squad on
457:Capital punishment in Brazil
351:
7:
4410:Hanged, drawn and quartered
4172:Nazis Meet the Firing Squad
3268:Field, Becca (2021-08-14).
2241:The New Zealand government
1849:
1834:scheduled the execution of
903:Capital punishment in Italy
366:Execution of Manuel Dorrego
311:diffusion of responsibility
10:
4634:
3382:"No One To Shoot Murderer"
2832:I was Quisling's Secretary
2830:Knudsen, Harald Franklin.
1788:, three inmates on Utah's
1753:'s execution in 1977, and
1632:
1539:
1521:
1429:María Antonia Santos Plata
1342:they committed during the
1315:
1276:, on Christmas Day, 1989.
1256:
1194:
1165:
1133:
1068:
1005:
918:Mussolini was himself shot
900:
891:executions by firing squad
859:
855:
777:
676:was shot for cowardice at
641:
528:
504:Capital punishment in Cuba
501:
478:in 1973, Chilean dictator
454:
384:
380:
355:
29:
4475:
4287:
4227:
3460:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
3226:October 14, 2007, at the
3012:– via Google Books.
3002:. John Wiley & Sons.
2985:– via Google Books.
2804:Canadian Military History
2797:"Victims of Circumstance"
2232:The Shot at Dawn Campaign
1888:Oxford English Dictionary
1510:and three members of the
1161:
1112:two German Navy deserters
986:
981:their infection of plague
695:On 15 October 1917 Dutch
616:
521:in 1959, soldiers of the
450:
88:Execution by firing squad
75:
48:
44:Execution by firing squad
43:
4229:Current judicial methods
3657:Horne, Jennifer (2017).
3051:La guerra civil española
1745:: The 1960 execution of
1417:Francisco José de Caldas
1349:
1338:on 27 February 1902 for
1014:Mexican Independence War
966:British control in Malta
955:
896:
560:firing squad during the
469:
3802:"SC governor signs law"
2781:"Dutch Nazi Executed,"
2653:Attard, Edward (2002).
1893:Oxford University Press
1817:South Carolina Governor
1239:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
485:
335:may be given a "dummy"
245:Nazi invasion of Poland
144:as well as restrained.
3723:Salt Lake City Tribune
3580:"Methods of Execution"
2889:Emma Graham-Harrison.
2876:June 17, 2008, at the
2871:Arroyo kills death law
1830:On April 7, 2022, the
1724:
1701:. After the warden of
1672:
1611:combat stress reaction
1566:
1508:ETA political-military
1492:
1425:Policarpa Salavarrieta
1372:
1336:South African Republic
1209:
1026:Maximilian I of Mexico
1003:
738:Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
706:castle in the town of
661:
639:
565:
549:
499:
416:British Secret Service
367:
248:
228:
223:of Czech leaders of a
212:
96:
34:. For other uses, see
4181: – slideshow by
4163: – slideshow by
4154:Death by Firing Squad
4133:, History Press, 2015
4115:Putkowski and Sykes,
2996:Weston, Mark (2008).
2969:Laube, Lydia (1991).
1836:Richard Bernard Moore
1711:
1646:
1619:Shot at Dawn Memorial
1595:Shepton Mallet prison
1564:
1488:
1409:Antonio Villavicencio
1401:Camilo Torres Tenorio
1365:Antonio Gisbert Pérez
1357:
1204:
994:
734:Edward "Eddie" Slovik
690:Shot at Dawn Memorial
651:
632:the Third of May 1808
624:
574:illegal or semi-legal
555:
536:
493:
365:
315:plausible deniability
234:
218:
202:
195:Military significance
157:execution by firearms
32:Shot at Dawn Memorial
4110:The Thin Yellow Line
3820:www.scstatehouse.gov
3781:www.scstatehouse.gov
3777:"S 176 General Bill"
3462:. pp. 246–249.
3452:"Heartbeat at Death"
3450:Boese, Alex (2007).
2785:, May 7, 1946, p. 1.
2386:. pp. 504–505.
1779:2002 Winter Olympics
1721:executed by shooting
1699:executed by shooting
1576:East London Cemetery
1530:United Arab Emirates
1518:United Arab Emirates
1468:Nationalist factions
1413:José María Carbonell
1381:Spanish constitution
1324:Bushveldt Carbineers
1322:Two soldiers of the
1120:prisoner-of-war camp
1059:Mexican Constitution
983:to the authorities.
933:tried for war crimes
704:Château de Vincennes
658:French Army Mutinies
511:Council of the State
418:during World War I.
4373:Republican marriage
4302:Damnatio ad bestias
3946:. 23 February 2023.
3926:. 27 February 2023.
3393:. August 12, 1912.
3298:www.rafupwood.co.uk
2975:. Wakefield Press.
2851:. December 21, 2003
2439:on 3 September 2013
2378:David Kahn (2000).
2299:David Kahn (2000).
2262:The Daily Telegraph
2173:Helsingin yliopisto
1891:(Online ed.).
1703:Nevada State Prison
1442:At the time of the
1274:Romanian Revolution
1158:, by firing squad.
927:, the first German
923:On 1 December 1945
866:Following the 1916
747:On 15 October 1945
723:military commission
656:at the time of the
423:Battle of the Bulge
255:for crimes such as
247:, December 18, 1939
68:German firing squad
4613:Capital punishment
4545:Wrongful execution
4457:Suffocation in ash
4313:Blowing from a gun
4221:Capital punishment
4177:2010-09-05 at the
4159:2010-06-22 at the
4119:, Leo Cooper, 2006
3718:Associated Press.
3495:The New York Times
3390:The New York Times
3344:. 9 February 2016.
3326:. 16 August 2006.
3274:CambridgeshireLive
2955:The New York Times
2495:. November 9, 2008
2237:2008-08-27 at the
2179:on March 20, 2007.
2151:2015-03-10 at the
2106:. 21 January 1992.
2104:The New York Times
1771:Ronnie Lee Gardner
1760:The New York Times
1755:John Albert Taylor
1738:, at his request.
1725:
1684:American Civil War
1673:
1591:United States Army
1567:
1500:Basque nationalist
1433:José María Morelos
1421:Jorge Tadeo Lozano
1373:
1251:reclusion perpetua
1210:
1128:Ford Motor Company
1126:near an abandoned
1078:Hanns Albin Rauter
1043:Mexican Revolution
1022:José María Morelos
1004:
883:Anglo-Irish Treaty
806:Dominggus da Silva
764:Jean Bastien-Thiry
742:American Civil War
662:
640:
566:
550:
500:
399:shooting range at
368:
325:Ronnie Lee Gardner
249:
229:
213:
205:civilian prisoners
106:capital punishment
104:), is a method of
80:Capital punishment
4608:Execution methods
4573:
4572:
4550:Botched execution
4063:Independent.co.uk
3923:Los Angeles Times
3725:(March 24, 2015).
3692:Los Angeles Times
3568:. March 17, 2004.
3060:978-84-253-2767-4
3028:Eurasiareview.com
2929:"The work of God"
2594:. AFP. 2015-01-18
2169:"Yliopisto-lehti"
1899:(Subscription or
1732:electrocardiogram
1713:Andriza Mircovich
1691:Andriza Mircovich
1444:Spanish Civil War
1437:Mariano Matamoros
1262:Nicolae Ceaușescu
1205:The execution of
1185:Akershus Fortress
1156:Maj. Gideon Orkar
947:. Soon after the
848:were executed at
838:Lindsay Sandiford
822:2002 Bali bombing
768:Charles de Gaulle
762:On 11 March 1963
627:the Madrid rebels
570:Finnish Civil War
547:Finnish Civil War
284:Marshal of France
181:Edmund the Martyr
94:(from the French
85:
84:
16:(Redirected from
4625:
4590:
4589:
4581:
4259:Nitrogen hypoxia
4254:Lethal injection
4214:
4207:
4200:
4191:
4190:
4129:Johnson, David,
4108:Moore, William,
4096:
4095:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4080:. 21 March 2023.
4074:
4068:
4067:
4066:. 21 March 2023.
4054:
4048:
4047:
4046:. 21 March 2023.
4040:
4034:
4033:
4032:. 20 March 2023.
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3896:Associated Press
3886:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3868:Associated Press
3858:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3812:
3806:
3805:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3773:
3767:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3732:
3726:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3684:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3665:. Archived from
3654:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3601:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3476:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3431:on July 18, 2010
3416:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3399:
3386:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3362:on April 6, 2010
3352:
3346:
3345:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3321:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3246:. Archived from
3240:
3234:
3233:, April 3, 2002.
3217:
3211:
3210:
3198:(13–14): 64–65.
3193:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3167:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3140:
3134:. Archived from
3121:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3097:. Archived from
3080:
3071:
3065:
3064:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3030:. 4 January 2016
3020:
3014:
3013:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2924:
2918:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2886:
2880:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2841:
2835:
2828:
2822:
2814:
2812:
2801:
2792:
2786:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2729:. Archived from
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2683:
2682:
2677:. Archived from
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2358:Criticalpast.com
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2333:Criticalpast.com
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2119:Silvia Pedraza,
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2051:Criticalpast.com
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2010:
2004:
2001:
1983:
1977:
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1967:
1960:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1938:
1932:
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1911:
1905:
1904:
1896:
1884:
1877:
1806:lethal injection
1747:James W. Rodgers
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1480:Indalecio Prieto
1379:in 1977 the new
1235:lethal injection
1177:Nasjonal Samling
1124:air raid shelter
1051:Wenseslao Moguel
970:Dun Mikiel Xerri
914:Benito Mussolini
787:Myuran Sukumaran
635:, as painted by
588:Finnish citizens
562:Continuation War
519:Cuban Revolution
480:Augusto Pinochet
476:Salvador Allende
295:Benito Mussolini
293:, son-in-law of
243:, following the
209:Austro-Hungarian
171:were often used—
112:and in times of
99:
70:, September 1941
53:
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4535:List of methods
4520:Final statement
4471:
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4218:
4179:Wayback Machine
4161:Wayback Machine
4140:
4126:, Cassell, 2005
4105:
4103:Further reading
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2307:. p. 363.
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1944:. 18 June 2010.
1940:
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1852:
1728:John W. Deering
1671:
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1661:
1659:
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1653:
1649:
1641:
1633:Main articles:
1631:
1621:was erected at
1571:Tower of London
1544:
1538:
1526:
1520:
1369:Museo del Prado
1352:
1344:Second Boer War
1320:
1314:
1298:
1282:
1259:
1199:
1193:
1173:Vidkun Quisling
1170:
1164:
1152:Buka Suka Dimka
1136:
1099:on 7 May 1946.
1073:
1067:
1010:
989:
958:
905:
899:
864:
858:
812:were executed.
795:Rodrigo Gularte
782:
776:
670:Tournan-en-Brie
666:Thomas Highgate
646:
619:
545:after the 1918
531:
506:
488:
472:
459:
453:
445:Operation Greif
408:Gabrielle Petit
389:
383:
360:
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307:blank cartridge
303:
301:Blank cartridge
253:military courts
221:Austria-Hungary
197:
177:Roman auxiliary
173:Saint Sebastian
71:
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28:
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4476:Related topics
4473:
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4469:
4464:
4462:Upright jerker
4459:
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4328:Breaking wheel
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4291:Post-classical
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4166:The First Post
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4138:External links
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3807:
3804:. 17 May 2021.
3793:
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3711:
3694:. 2015-04-13.
3679:
3649:
3624:
3614:. pp. 1–2
3596:
3571:
3557:
3529:
3518:(2010-04-24).
3516:Giles Whittell
3507:
3482:
3469:978-0156031356
3468:
3442:
3411:
3373:
3347:
3333:
3309:
3294:"Josef Jakobs"
3285:
3260:
3235:
3212:
3179:
3151:
3107:
3104:on 2009-12-12.
3066:
3059:
3041:
3015:
3009:978-0470182574
3008:
2988:
2982:978-1862542679
2981:
2961:
2940:
2919:
2906:
2881:
2862:
2836:
2823:
2787:
2783:Amarillo Globe
2774:
2743:
2718:
2698:
2684:
2681:on 2017-08-19.
2666:978-9990972122
2665:
2642:
2617:
2604:
2583:
2559:
2537:
2523:. 2013-02-11.
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2005:
1997:978-0330372008
1996:
1978:
1947:
1933:
1927:978-1594160035
1926:
1906:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1851:
1848:
1824:electric chair
1820:Henry McMaster
1666:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1630:
1627:
1540:Main article:
1537:
1536:United Kingdom
1534:
1522:Main article:
1519:
1516:
1405:Antonio Baraya
1351:
1348:
1332:Peter Handcock
1328:Breaker Morant
1316:Main article:
1313:
1310:
1297:
1294:
1281:
1278:
1270:Internationale
1258:
1255:
1247:life sentences
1231:electric chair
1195:Main article:
1192:
1189:
1166:Main article:
1163:
1160:
1144:Lawrence Anini
1140:Ishola Oyenusi
1135:
1132:
1069:Main article:
1066:
1063:
1018:Miguel Hidalgo
1006:Main article:
988:
985:
957:
954:
901:Main article:
898:
895:
881:Following the
860:Main article:
857:
854:
850:Nusa Kambangan
778:Main article:
775:
772:
757:Fresnes Prison
715:Moselle Rivers
682:acoustic shock
642:Main article:
637:Francisco Goya
618:
615:
604:Toivo Koljonen
577:courts martial
530:
527:
502:Main article:
487:
484:
471:
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455:Main article:
452:
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427:Henri-Chapelle
385:Main article:
382:
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371:Manuel Dorrego
356:Main article:
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302:
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291:Galeazzo Ciano
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4513:Scharfrichter
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4364:
4363:Dismemberment
4361:
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4264:Electrocution
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4184:Life magazine
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4011:
4007:
4001:
3994:. March 2023.
3993:
3987:
3980:. March 2023.
3979:
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3803:
3797:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3765:
3760:
3746:on 2017-03-03
3745:
3741:
3737:
3731:
3724:
3721:
3715:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3683:
3669:on 2016-03-23
3668:
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3585:
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3430:
3426:
3425:Nevada Lawyer
3422:
3415:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3383:
3377:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3343:
3337:
3329:
3325:
3324:The Telegraph
3320:
3313:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3250:on 2010-04-12
3249:
3245:
3239:
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3221:
3216:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3175:
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3164:
3163:
3155:
3141:on 2012-04-12
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2892:
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2879:
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2866:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2833:
2827:
2821:in Knowledge.
2820:
2817:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2778:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2747:
2733:on 2015-04-02
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2613:Irish Freedom
2608:
2593:
2587:
2573:
2572:NY Daily News
2569:
2563:
2549:. M.bbc.co.uk
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2384:Da Capo Press
2381:
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2306:
2305:Da Capo Press
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2095:
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2077:
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2048:
2042:
2036:Pallud, p. 15
2033:
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2016:
2009:
1999:
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1982:
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1951:
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1937:
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1813:firing squads
1809:
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693:
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652:Execution at
650:
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219:Execution by
217:
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4447:Slow slicing
4429:
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4247:firing squad
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3547:. p. A1
3544:Deseret News
3542:
3532:
3523:
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3499:. Retrieved
3497:. 1996-01-27
3494:
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3473:. Retrieved
3455:
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2655:
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2629:
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2611:English, R.
2607:
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2437:the original
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2172:
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2076:V-brazil.com
2075:
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2050:
2041:
2018:
2008:
1987:
1981:
1970:. Retrieved
1950:
1936:
1916:
1909:
1886:
1875:
1844:
1829:
1810:
1802:
1783:
1764:
1758:
1751:Gary Gilmore
1740:
1726:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1604:
1588:
1584:Josef Jakobs
1568:
1552:insurrection
1545:
1527:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1478:
1473:Ley de fugas
1471:
1456:Dar un paseo
1455:
1452:death threat
1448:¡Al paredón!
1447:
1446:the phrase "
1441:
1394:
1374:
1358:
1321:
1312:South Africa
1299:
1296:Saudi Arabia
1286:
1283:
1260:
1224:
1221:
1211:
1171:
1137:
1104:Allied guard
1102:While under
1101:
1082:Scheveningen
1074:
1055:Pancho Villa
1047:Cristero War
1040:
1033:
1011:
995:
974:
959:
941:
922:
910:dictatorship
906:
880:
865:
830:Imam Samudra
810:Marinus Riwu
799:
783:
761:
753:Vichy France
749:Pierre Laval
746:
731:
712:
694:
663:
630:
608:
600:disobedience
596:high treason
584:World War II
581:
567:
516:
507:
473:
464:
460:
420:
405:
397:Tir national
393:Edith Cavell
390:
375:Juan Lavalle
369:
322:
319:
304:
281:
250:
154:
130:
91:
87:
86:
56:World War II
18:Firing squad
4503:Executioner
4343:Crucifixion
4318:Brazen bull
4308:Blood eagle
4289:Ancient and
4269:Gas chamber
3963:Insider.com
3435:November 8,
3404:November 9,
3366:November 8,
3034:23 November
2635:23 November
2443:23 November
2417:23 November
2412:History.com
2363:23 November
2338:23 November
2284:23 November
2279:History.com
2214:23 November
2081:23 November
2056:23 November
1786:retroactive
1730:allowed an
1682:During the
1675:During the
1554:and in the
1395:During the
1367:, in 1888 (
1290:Great Purge
1280:Russia/USSR
1225:During the
1191:Philippines
1148:Osisikankwu
1065:Netherlands
1012:During the
876:martial law
842:Joko Widodo
834:Ali Ghufron
791:Andrew Chan
564:, 1941–1944
421:During the
185:East Anglia
150:first light
138:blindfolded
126:vital organ
92:fusillading
58:killing of
4602:Categories
4467:Waist chop
4431:Mazzatello
4425:Ishikozume
4420:Impalement
4415:Immurement
4405:Guillotine
4353:Decimation
4015:2024-02-17
3787:2020-06-14
3750:2017-04-07
3705:2017-04-07
3673:2017-04-07
3643:2009-10-30
3618:2010-10-03
3590:2010-06-17
3551:2010-09-25
3501:2008-06-16
3303:2023-01-04
3279:2023-01-04
3254:2010-04-13
3145:2023-11-10
3126:(2): 121.
3089:(67): 79.
2900:2016-05-30
2769:2023-04-05
2737:2008-11-03
2712:2023-04-05
2598:2015-01-18
2577:2013-07-25
2553:2013-07-25
2531:2013-07-25
2393:0306809494
2314:0306809494
1972:2017-01-23
1903:required.)
1882:"fusilade"
1867:References
1856:Bullet fee
1846:governor.
1593:took over
1504:separatist
1464:Republican
1375:Since the
1340:war crimes
1217:Rizal Park
1213:Jose Rizal
1207:Jose Rizal
977:courthouse
759:in Paris.
674:Harry Farr
412:Schaerbeek
401:Schaerbeek
347:By country
341:wax bullet
331:, US, one
287:Michel Ney
146:Executions
4525:Last meal
4498:Death row
4400:Gibbeting
4274:Beheading
3902:April 24,
3874:April 15,
3846:April 15,
3700:0458-3035
3526:. London.
3524:The Times
3204:0213-2087
3174:0214-736X
3132:0214-4824
3095:0495-5773
2675:254597108
2630:Bbc.co.uk
2521:Telegraph
2499:March 27,
2209:Finlex.fi
1790:death row
1766:The Times
1689:In 1913,
1460:euphemism
1302:beheading
1253:instead.
1243:death row
1097:The Hague
916:in 1926.
887:Civil War
846:Indonesia
774:Indonesia
708:Vincennes
700:Mata Hari
539:Red Guard
435:Waffen-SS
352:Argentina
337:cartridge
265:espionage
261:desertion
257:cowardice
169:crossbows
76:Method of
4530:Penology
4442:Scaphism
4380:Elephant
4368:Drowning
4348:Crushing
4242:Shooting
4175:Archived
4157:Archived
3943:Newsweek
3840:Fox News
3395:Archived
3328:Archived
3224:Archived
2874:Archived
2849:BBC News
2763:archived
2758:BBC News
2525:Archived
2493:BBC News
2243:pardoned
2235:Archived
2149:Archived
2020:BBC News
2003:reduced.
1963:Archived
1850:See also
1798:Oklahoma
1607:Imperial
1599:Somerset
1580:Plaistow
1556:military
1514:(FRAP).
1466:and the
1266:his wife
1116:Canadian
1045:and the
814:Nigerian
800:In 2006
686:Imperial
438:commando
333:rifleman
203:Serbian
118:firearms
110:military
4452:Stoning
4395:Garrote
4390:Flaying
4385:Falling
4338:Burning
4323:Boiling
4293:methods
4279:Stoning
4237:Hanging
3740:US News
1548:hanging
1528:In the
1439:, etc.
1390:garrote
1386:hanging
1257:Romania
1233:, then
1181:treason
1134:Nigeria
929:general
856:Ireland
660:of 1917
592:treason
582:During
558:Finnish
543:Varkaus
529:Finland
523:Batista
381:Belgium
277:treason
239:, near
237:Bochnia
122:gunshot
4578:Portal
4437:Sawing
4333:Burial
3698:
3639:. 2009
3586:. 2010
3466:
3202:
3172:
3130:
3093:
3057:
3006:
2979:
2855:May 2,
2673:
2663:
2390:
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1994:
1924:
1775:Mormon
1719:to be
1717:Nevada
1697:to be
1695:Nevada
1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1506:group
1227:Marcos
1162:Norway
1002:, 1868
987:Mexico
962:French
937:Aversa
931:to be
874:under
826:Amrozi
719:Allied
678:Carnoy
654:Verdun
617:France
451:Brazil
273:mutiny
269:murder
241:Kraków
225:mutiny
189:Viking
142:hooded
60:Soviet
4493:Crime
3398:(PDF)
3385:(PDF)
3192:(PDF)
3166:(PDF)
3139:(PDF)
3120:(PDF)
3102:(PDF)
3079:(PDF)
2811:(PDF)
2800:(PDF)
1966:(PDF)
1959:(PDF)
1897:
1794:Idaho
1578:, in
1350:Spain
1118:-run
1090:Dutch
1030:Manet
998:, by
956:Malta
945:Turin
897:Italy
664:Pte.
590:were
498:1956.
470:Chile
275:, or
134:heart
124:to a
102:rifle
97:fusil
66:by a
4508:list
3904:2022
3876:2022
3848:2022
3696:ISSN
3477:2010
3464:ISBN
3437:2010
3406:2010
3368:2010
3200:ISSN
3170:ISSN
3128:ISSN
3091:ISSN
3055:ISBN
3036:2017
3004:ISBN
2977:ISBN
2857:2010
2816:See:
2671:OCLC
2661:ISBN
2637:2017
2501:2010
2445:2017
2419:2017
2388:ISBN
2365:2017
2340:2017
2309:ISBN
2286:2017
2216:2017
2083:2017
2058:2017
1992:ISBN
1922:ISBN
1743:Utah
1637:and
1589:The
1569:The
1502:and
1494:The
1330:and
1154:and
1146:and
1093:Nazi
1088:, a
1020:and
964:and
832:and
808:and
789:and
727:Toul
594:and
537:Two
496:Cuba
486:Cuba
329:Utah
165:bows
4592:Law
1613:or
1597:in
1486:as:
1388:or
1363:by
1249:or
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