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and warmer seas, ocean acidification and changes in oceanic currents. These climate drivers will result in changes to flora and fauna, and changes in ground conditions (both on and below the surface) and so will also affect archaeological deposits and structures, while human responses to the climate crisis will also impact archaeological sites. The archaeologist's knowledge and skills are relevant to supporting society in adapting to a changing climate and a low carbon future. Another effect of higher temperatures has been melting of glaciers and ice patches. This has led to the discovery of artifacts and bodies long buried in the ice, fostering the new field of glacial archaeology.
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of the public view archaeology as something only available to a narrow demographic. The job of archaeologist is depicted as a "romantic adventurist occupation", and as a hobby more than a job in the scientific community. Cinema audiences form a notion of "who archaeologists are, why they do what they do, and how relationships to the past are constituted", and is often under the impression that all archaeology takes place in a distant and foreign land, only to collect monetarily or spiritually priceless artifacts. The modern depiction of archaeology has incorrectly formed the public's perception of what archaeology is.
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people who illegally take artifacts from protected sites, and by alerting people who live near archaeological sites of the threat of looting. Common methods of public outreach include press releases, the encouragement of school field trips to sites under excavation by professional archaeologists, and making reports and publications accessible outside of academia. Public appreciation of the significance of archaeology and archaeological sites often leads to improved protection from encroaching development or other threats.
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1399:(light detection and ranging) uses a laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) to transmit a light pulse and a receiver with sensitive detectors to measure the backscattered or reflected light. Distance to the object is determined by recording the time between the transmitted and backscattered pulses and using the speed of light to calculate the distance travelled. Lidars can determine atmospheric profiles of aerosols, clouds, and other constituents of the atmosphere.
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1169:). These civilizations are, not coincidentally, the best-known; they are open to the inquiry of historians for centuries, while the study of pre-historic cultures has arisen only recently. Within a literate civilization many events and important human practices may not be officially recorded. Any knowledge of the early years of human civilization – the development of agriculture, cult practices of folk religion, the rise of the first cities – must come from archaeology.
2317:, temporary, and non-tenure track appointments) to the annual number of archaeology MA/MSc and PhD students is disproportionate. Cultural Resource Management, once considered an intellectual backwater for individuals with "strong backs and weak minds", has attracted these graduates, and CRM offices are thus increasingly staffed by advance degreed individuals with a track record of producing scholarly articles but who also have extensive CRM field experience.
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remains to storage facilities for further study. In some cases human remains were not even thoroughly studied but instead archived rather than reburied. Furthermore, Western archaeologists' views of the past often differ from those of tribal peoples. The West views time as linear; for many natives, it is cyclic. From a
Western perspective, the past is long-gone; from a native perspective, disturbing the past can have dire consequences in the present.
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contributing to human ecology, independent evidence base, historic context development and tourism. The delivery of public benefits through archaeology can be summarised as follows: through making a contribution to a shared history, artistic and cultural treasures, local values, place-making and social cohesion, educational benefits, contribution to science and innovation, health and wellbeing, and added economic value to developers.
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1788:. The cut describes the edge of the feature, where the feature meets the natural soil. It is the feature's boundary. The fill is what the feature is filled with, and will often appear quite distinct from the natural soil. The cut and fill are given consecutive numbers for recording purposes. Scaled plans and sections of individual features are all drawn on site, black and white and colour photographs of them are taken, and
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2228:(NHPA) of 1966, and most taxpayers, scholars, and politicians believe that CRM has helped preserve much of that nation's history and prehistory that would have otherwise been lost in the expansion of cities, dams, and highways. Along with other statutes, the NHPA mandates that projects on federal land or involving federal funds or permits consider the effects of the project on each
2364:, said during a cultural property protection mission in Lebanon in April 2019 with the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon: "Cultural assets are part of the identity of the people who live in a certain place. If you destroy their culture, you also destroy their identity. Many people are uprooted, often have no prospects anymore and subsequently flee from their homeland."
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for the least funding. CRM archaeologists face considerable time pressure, often being forced to complete their work in a fraction of the time that might be allotted for a purely scholarly endeavour. Compounding the time pressure is the vetting process of site reports that are required (in the US) to be submitted by CRM firms to the appropriate
2310:(SHPO). From the SHPO's perspective there is to be no difference between a report submitted by a CRM firm operating under a deadline, and a multi-year academic project. The result is that for a Cultural Resource Management archaeologist to be successful, they must be able to produce academic quality documents at a corporate world pace.
340:, but he also had them restored to their former glory. He was also the first to date an archaeological artifact in his attempt to date Naram-Sin's temple during his search for it. Even though his estimate was inaccurate by about 1,500 years, it was still a very good one considering the lack of accurate dating technology at the time.
2437:(USFS) operates a volunteer archaeology and historic preservation program called the Passport in Time (PIT). Volunteers work with professional USFS archaeologists and historians on national forests throughout the U.S. Volunteers are involved in all aspects of professional archaeology under expert supervision.
2357:. Blue Shield International has undertaken various fact-finding missions in recent years to protect archaeological sites during the wars in Libya, Syria, Egypt and Lebanon. The importance of archaeological finds for identity, tourism and sustainable economic growth is repeatedly emphasized internationally.
1066:, thereby no written records exist for study purposes. Without such written sources, the only way to understand prehistoric societies is through archaeology. Because archaeology is the study of past human activity, it stretches back to about 2.5 million years ago when the first stone tools are found –
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Adibe, Luiz
Abdalla Filho; Gabriela, Bielefeld Nardoto; Leonardo, de Aro Galera; Janaina, Leite de Souza; Luiza, Santos Reis; Yeleine, Almoza Hernandez; Rebeca, Sales; Daniel, Guimarães Gerardi; Luiz, Antonio Martinelli (2019). "Is the 'canine surrogacy approach' (CSA) still valid for dogs and humans
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affects our environment, projections show that there will be changes in rainfall with increased drought and desertification, increases in intensity and frequency of rainfall, increases in temperature (winter and summer), increases in both the temperature and frequency of heatwaves, rising sea levels,
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As a consequence of this, American
Indians attempted to prevent archaeological excavation of sites inhabited by their ancestors, while American archaeologists believed that the advancement of scientific knowledge was a valid reason to continue their studies. This contradictory situation was addressed
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trade. Smuggling of antiquities abroad to private collectors has caused great cultural and economic damage in many countries whose governments lack the resources and or the will to deter it. Looters damage and destroy archaeological sites, denying future generations information about their ethnic and
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of the soil are also widely used. Archaeological features whose electrical resistivity contrasts with that of surrounding soils can be detected and mapped. Some archaeological features (such as those composed of stone or brick) have higher resistivity than typical soils, while others (such as organic
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can be used to look where sites are located within a large area or provide more information about sites or regions. There are two types of remote sensing instruments—passive and active. Passive instruments detect natural energy that is reflected or emitted from the observed scene. Passive instruments
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Cultural resources management has, however, been criticized. CRM is conducted by private companies that bid for projects by submitting proposals outlining the work to be done and an expected budget. It is not unheard of for the agency responsible for the construction to choose the proposal that asks
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sites on public and private lands, and the removal of culturally valuable materials from areas where they would otherwise be destroyed by human activity, such as proposed construction. This study involves at least a cursory examination to determine whether or not any significant archaeological sites
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aims to systematize archaeological measurement. It emphasizes the application of analytical techniques from physics, chemistry, and engineering. It is a field of research that frequently focuses on the definition of the chemical composition of archaeological remains for source analysis. Archaeometry
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Drones costing as little as £650 have proven useful. In 2013, drones have flown over at least six
Peruvian archaeological sites, including the colonial Andean town Machu Llacta 4,000 metres (13,000 ft) above sea level. The drones continue to have altitude problems in the Andes, leading to plans
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Often, archaeology provides the only means to learn of the existence and behaviors of people of the past. Across the millennia many thousands of cultures and societies and billions of people have come and gone of which there is little or no written record or existing records are misrepresentative or
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who now inhabit the region. The remains may be of
Iroquoian ancestry, since Iroquoian people inhabited the area before the Algonquin. Moreover, the oldest of these remains might have no relation at all to the Algonquin or Iroquois, and belong to an earlier culture who previously inhabited the area.
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Pseudoarchaeology is an umbrella term for all activities that falsely claim to be archaeological but in fact violate commonly accepted and scientific archaeological practices. It includes much fictional archaeological work (discussed above), as well as some actual activity. Many non-fiction authors
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One audience for archaeologists' work is the public. Archaeologists increasingly realize that their work can benefit non-academic and non-archaeological audiences, and that they have a responsibility to educate and inform the public about archaeology. Local heritage awareness is aimed at increasing
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Early archaeology was largely an attempt to uncover spectacular artifacts and features, or to explore vast and mysterious abandoned cities and was mostly done by upper class, scholarly men. This general tendency laid the foundation for the modern popular view of archaeology and archaeologists. Many
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to find out as much as possible about it and the surrounding area. Second, an excavation may take place to uncover any archaeological features buried under the ground. And, third, the information collected during the excavation is studied and evaluated in an attempt to achieve the original research
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Motivated by a desire to halt looting, curb pseudoarchaeology, and to help preserve archaeological sites through education and fostering public appreciation for the importance of archaeological heritage, archaeologists are mounting public-outreach campaigns. They seek to stop looting by combatting
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and be preserved there for posterity. Thus, written records tend to reflect the biases, assumptions, cultural values and possibly deceptions of a limited range of individuals, usually a small fraction of the larger population. Hence, written records cannot be trusted as a sole source. The material
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is the ethnographic study of living people, designed to aid in our interpretation of the archaeological record. The approach first gained prominence during the processual movement of the 1960s, and continues to be a vibrant component of post-processual and other current archaeological approaches.
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Archaeologists around the world use drones to speed up survey work and protect sites from squatters, builders and miners. In Peru, small drones helped researchers produce three-dimensional models of
Peruvian sites instead of the usual flat maps – and in days and weeks instead of months and years.
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There is a considerable international body of research focused on archaeology and public value and tangible benefits of archaeology include helping to counteract racism, documenting accomplishments of ignored communities, providing time-depth as a response to short-termism of the modern age, and
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battlefields, metal distribution analysis prior to excavation of a 19th-century ship wreck, and service cable location during evaluation. Metal detectorists have also contributed to archaeology where they have made detailed records of their results and refrained from raising artifacts from their
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criticized contemporary
Chinese scholars for attributing ancient bronze vessels as creations of famous sages rather than artisan commoners, and for attempting to revive them for ritual use without discerning their original functionality and purpose of manufacture. Such antiquarian pursuits waned
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An inconspicuous rock mound marks the reburial site where close to 80 boxes of various sizes are buried. Because of this reburial, no further scientific study is possible. Although negotiations were at times tense between the
Kitigan Zibi community and museum, they were able to reach agreement.
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The simplest survey technique is surface survey. It involves combing an area, usually on foot but sometimes with the use of mechanized transport, to search for features or artifacts visible on the surface. Surface survey cannot detect sites or features that are completely buried under earth, or
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and archaeologists, which can be summarized as a conflict between a need to remain respectful toward sacred burial sites and the academic benefit from studying them. For years, American archaeologists dug on Indian burial grounds and other places considered sacred, removing artifacts and human
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Survey work has many benefits if performed as a preliminary exercise to, or even in place of, excavation. It requires relatively little time and expense, because it does not require processing large volumes of soil to search out artifacts. (Nevertheless, surveying a large region or site can be
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In addition to their scientific importance, archaeological remains sometimes have political or cultural significance to descendants of the people who produced them, monetary value to collectors, or strong aesthetic appeal. Many people identify archaeology with the recovery of such aesthetic,
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Archaeology became a professional activity in the first half of the 20th century, and it became possible to study archaeology as a subject in universities and even schools. By the end of the 20th century nearly all professional archaeologists, at least in developed countries, were
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While this cooperation presents a new set of challenges and hurdles to fieldwork, it has benefits for all parties involved. Tribal elders cooperating with archaeologists can prevent the excavation of areas of sites that they consider sacred, while the archaeologists gain the elders' aid in
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The protection of archaeological finds for the public from catastrophes, wars and armed conflicts is increasingly being implemented internationally. This happens on the one hand through international agreements and on the other hand through organizations that monitor or enforce protection.
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Archaeologists have also been obliged to re-examine what constitutes an archaeological site in view of what native peoples believe to constitute sacred space. To many native peoples, natural features such as lakes, mountains or even individual trees have cultural significance. Australian
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represents the application of the experimental method to develop more highly controlled observations of processes that create and impact the archaeological record. In the context of the logical positivism of processualism with its goals of improving the scientific rigor of archaeological
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first cites "archaeologist" from 1824; this soon took over as the usual term for one major branch of antiquarian activity. "Archaeology", from 1607 onward, initially meant what we would call "ancient history" generally, with the narrower modern sense first seen in 1837. However, it was
428:. Antiquarians studied history with particular attention to ancient artifacts and manuscripts, as well as historical sites. Antiquarianism focused on the empirical evidence that existed for the understanding of the past, encapsulated in the motto of the 18th century antiquary, Sir
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has sometimes been restricted to deeds and contracts. The interests and world-view of elites are often quite different from the lives and interests of the populace. Writings that were produced by people more representative of the general population were unlikely to find their way into
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in Europe during the 19th century, and has since become a discipline practiced around the world. Archaeology has been used by nation-states to create particular visions of the past. Since its early development, various specific sub-disciplines of archaeology have developed, including
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An archaeological investigation usually involves several distinct phases, each of which employs its own variety of methods. Before any practical work can begin, however, a clear objective as to what the archaeologists are looking to achieve must be agreed upon. This done, a site is
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are present in the area affected by the proposed construction. If these do exist, time and money must be allotted for their excavation. If initial survey and/or test excavations indicate the presence of an extraordinarily valuable site, the construction may be prohibited entirely.
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The archaeological project then continues (or alternatively, begins) with a field survey. Regional survey is the attempt to systematically locate previously unknown sites in a region. Site survey is the attempt to systematically locate features of interest, such as houses and
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patterns may also be used. A relatively nascent subfield is that of archaeological materials, designed to enhance understanding of prehistoric and non-industrial culture through scientific analysis of the structure and properties of materials associated with human activity.
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archaeologists especially have explored this issue and attempted to survey these sites to give them some protection from being developed. Such work requires close links and trust between archaeologists and the people they are trying to help and at the same time study.
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547:"Cyriac of Ancona was the most enterprising and prolific recorder of Greek and Roman antiquities, particularly inscriptions, in the fifteenth century, and the general accuracy of his records entitles him to be called the founding father of modern classical archeology."
882:", and within types chronologically. This style of arrangement, designed to highlight the evolutionary trends in human artifacts, was of enormous significance for the accurate dating of the objects. His most important methodological innovation was his insistence that
1405:: A laser altimeter uses a lidar (see above) to measure the height of the instrument platform above the surface. By independently knowing the height of the platform with respect to the mean Earth's surface, the topography of the underlying surface can be determined.
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is to lead the project that is to commemorate an estimated 570 West
Africans buried in unmarked graves at the site of the former Newton sugar plantation. Barbados can be seen as a good example of respectful preservation of an African burial ground. Throughout the
2581:, is not exclusively Däniken's, nor did the idea originate with him. Works of this nature are usually marked by the renunciation of well-established theories on the basis of limited evidence, and the interpretation of evidence with a preconceived theory in mind.
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hobbyists who search for artifacts using increasingly advanced technology. Efforts are underway among all major
Archaeological organizations to increase education and legitimate cooperation between amateurs and professionals in the metal detecting community.
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Shipwreck Project integrated a one-hour HD documentary, short videos for public viewing and video updates during the expedition as part of the educational outreach. Webcasting is also another tool for educational outreach. For one week in 2000 and 2001, live
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Archaeological excavation existed even when the field was still the domain of amateurs, and it remains the source of the majority of data recovered in most field projects. It can reveal several types of information usually not accessible to survey, such as
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methods.) As with other forms of non-destructive archaeology, survey avoids ethical issues (of particular concern to descendant peoples) associated with destroying a site through excavation. It is the only way to gather some forms of information, such as
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This view is often espoused in works of popular fiction, such as Raiders of the Lost Ark, The Mummy, and King Solomon's Mines. When unrealistic subjects are treated more seriously, accusations of pseudoscience are invariably levelled at their proponents
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intend to build a restorative justice-based structure in archaeology. They suggest to define descendants not only in genealogical terms, but also to welcome input of African Americans whose ancestors had a shared historical experience in enslavement.
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have resulted in a huge upsurge in public interest. Where possible, archaeologists now make more provisions for public involvement and outreach in larger projects than they once did, and many local archaeological organizations operate within the
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Survey was not widely practised in the early days of archaeology. Cultural historians and prior researchers were usually content with discovering the locations of monumental sites from the local populace, and excavating only the plainly visible
1550:, which changes colour rapidly at maturation, have revealed buried structures with great precision. Aerial photographs taken at different times of day will help show the outlines of structures by changes in shadows. Aerial survey also employs
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framework to expand public involvement in smaller-scale, more local projects. Archaeological excavation, however, is best undertaken by well-trained staff that can work quickly and accurately. Often this requires observing the necessary
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2220:(CHM) in the United Kingdom. CRM archaeologists frequently examine archaeological sites that are threatened by development. Today, CRM accounts for most of the archaeological research done in the United States and much of that in
2415:, and data processing. Some archaeologists refer to such off-the-mark portrayals as "pseudoarchaeology". Archaeologists are also very much reliant on public support; the question of for whom they are working is often discussed.
1538:. A bird's-eye view is useful for quick mapping of large or complex sites. Aerial photographs are used to document the status of the archaeological dig. Aerial imaging can also detect many things not visible from the surface.
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There is no one approach to archaeological theory that has been adhered to by all archaeologists. When archaeology developed in the late 19th century, the first approach to archaeological theory to be practised was that of
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of activity. For example, excavation of a site reveals its stratigraphy; if a site was occupied by a succession of distinct cultures, artifacts from more recent cultures will lie above those from more ancient cultures.
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Roche, Hélène; Kent, Dennis V.; Kirwa, Christopher; Lokorodi, Sammy; Wright, James D.; Mortlock, Richard A.; et al. (May 2015). "3.3 million-year-old stone tools from Lomekwi 3, West Turkana, Kenya".
2612:. Archaeology stimulates interest in ancient objects, and people in search of artifacts or treasure cause damage to archaeological sites. The commercial and academic demand for artifacts contributes directly to the
2573:, together with many subsequent lesser-known works, expounds a theory of ancient contacts between human civilization on Earth and more technologically advanced extraterrestrial civilizations. This theory, known as
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projects are starting to become more common. Often archaeologists are assisted by the public in the locating of archaeological sites, which professional archaeologists have neither the funding, nor the time to do.
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in determining applications for new development. As a result, numerous archaeological organizations undertake mitigation work in advance of (or during) construction work in archaeologically sensitive areas, at the
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Jeffrey Quilter, an archaeologist with Harvard University said, "You can go up three metres and photograph a room, 300 metres and photograph a site, or you can go up 3,000 metres and photograph the entire valley."
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unanimously passed a bill in December 2020 that centers African American cemeteries at risk in South Carolina. The bill is made to better protect historic African burial grounds and can lead to the creation of an
1275:. However, this approach has been criticized by processualists as lacking scientific rigor, and the validity of both processualism and post-processualism is still under debate. Meanwhile, another theory, known as
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This photo is made of a single goat hair from a textile found on the 14th century ship in Tallinn, Estonia. Photo was done in archaeology department (University of Tartu) by microscope Olympus BX51, magnification
621:'s writings involved recording of local traditions, examining manuscripts, inscriptions, coins and architectures, which is described as one of the earliest traces of archaeology. One of his notable work is called
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in southern England. He was also ahead of his time in the analysis of his findings. He attempted to chart the chronological stylistic evolution of handwriting, medieval architecture, costume, and shield-shapes.
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objectives of the archaeologists. It is then considered good practice for the information to be published so that it is available to other archaeologists and historians, although this is sometimes neglected.
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While most looting is deliberate, accidental looting can occur when amateurs, who are unaware of the importance of Archaeological rigor, collect artifacts from sites and place them into private collections.
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released a statement that the museum would no longer purchase or accept collections from looted contexts. The first conviction of the transport of artifacts illegally removed from private property under the
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He traveled throughout Greece and all around the Eastern Mediterranean, to record his findings on ancient buildings, statues and inscriptions, including archaeological remains still unknown to his time: the
912:, laid down many of the ideas behind modern archaeological recording; he remarked that "I believe the true line of research lies in the noting and comparison of the smallest details." Petrie developed the
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to be tantamount to treasure hunting, others deem them an effective tool in archaeological surveying. Examples of formal archaeological use of metal detectors include musketball distribution analysis on
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Friedrich Schipper: "Bildersturm: Die globalen Normen zum Schutz von Kulturgut greifen nicht" (German - The global norms for the protection of cultural property do not apply), In: Der Standard, 6 March
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remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the
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in archaeology and anthropology, a lack of inclusion of the African descendant community, and possession of human remains in the collections of universities and museums. In the 1990s, anthropologist
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incomplete. Writing as it is known today did not exist in human civilization until the 4th millennium BC, in a relatively small number of technologically advanced civilizations. In contrast,
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lived in Rome and devoted himself to the study of Roman antiquities, gradually acquiring an unrivalled knowledge of ancient art. Then, he visited the archaeological excavations being conducted at
2411:, but the bulk of activities and finds of modern archaeology are not so sensational. Archaeological adventure stories tend to ignore the painstaking work involved in carrying out modern surveys,
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700:. These excavations began in 1748 in Pompeii, while in Herculaneum they began in 1738. The discovery of entire towns, complete with utensils and even human shapes, as well the unearthing of
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Gifford-Gonzalez, D.P.; Damrosch, D.B.; Damrosch, D.R.; Pryor, J. & Thunen, R.L. (1985). "The Third Dimension in Site Structure: An Experiment in Trampling and Vertical Dispersal".
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2763:'s research collection for decades, some since the late 19th century. Elders from various Algonquin communities conferred on an appropriate reburial, eventually deciding on traditional
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civic and individual pride through projects such as community excavation projects, and better public presentations of archaeological sites and knowledge. The U.S. Dept. of Agriculture,
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were being destroyed, emergency archaeological digs took place whenever any part of the line was removed, to further scientific knowledge and reveal details of the line's construction.
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sense only radiation emitted by the object being viewed or reflected by the object from a source other than the instrument. Active instruments emit energy and record what is reflected.
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bodies sometimes offer places on research projects either as part of academic work or as a defined community project. There is also a flourishing industry selling places on commercial
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Archaeologists trying to protect artifacts may be placed in danger by looters or locals trying to protect the artifacts from archaeologists who are viewed as looters by the locals.
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193:, and numerous different scientific techniques have been developed to aid archaeological investigation. Nonetheless, today, archaeologists face many problems, such as dealing with
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Sime, James; Mitchell, John Malcolm (1911). "Winckelmann, Johann Joachim". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 707
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to support the organization's mission "to nurturing and bringing attention to the human cultural heritage, by using media in the most efficient and effective ways possible."
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concerns. As a result, very few sites are excavated in their entirety. Again the percentage of a site excavated depends greatly on the country and "method statement" issued.
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1224:, compared the continuity between the past and contemporary ethnic and cultural groups. In the 1960s, an archaeological movement largely led by American archaeologists like
874:, who began excavations on his land in England in the 1880s. Highly methodical by the standards of the time, he is widely regarded as the first scientific archaeologist. He
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arose that rebelled against the established cultural-history archaeology. They proposed a "New Archaeology", which would be more "scientific" and "anthropological", with
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cultural heritage. Indigenous peoples especially lose access to and control over their 'cultural resources', ultimately denying them the opportunity to know their past.
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however the burial grounds are in danger of being destroyed or human remains are being excavated without the descendant community being involved. In 2022, residents on
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However, it is not only prehistoric, pre-literate cultures that can be studied using archaeology but historic, literate cultures as well, through the sub-discipline of
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At a basic level of analysis, artifacts found are cleaned, catalogued and compared to published collections. This comparison process often involves classifying them
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3263:"The Intellectual Base of Archaeological Research 2004–2013: A visualisation and analysis of its disciplinary links, networks of authors, and conceptual language"
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African Diaspora Archaeology is an area of study within the subfield of historical archaeology that studies those that have been forcibly transported through the
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5872:"UNESCO Director-General calls for stronger cooperation for heritage protection at the Blue Shield International General Assembly.", UNESCO - 13 September 2017.
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UNESCO convenes Libyan and international experts meeting for the safeguard of Libya's cultural heritage. UNESCO World Heritage Center - News, 21. Oktober 2011.
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Archaeological Legacy Institute (ALI), is a registered 501 non-profit, media and education corporation registered in Oregon in 1999. ALI founded a website,
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and Marine Grafics, this project enabled students to talk to scientists and learn about methods and technologies used by the underwater archaeology team.
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These techniques frequently provide information that would not otherwise be known, and therefore they contribute greatly to the understanding of a site.
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of native artifacts to the original descendants. An example of this occurred on 21 June 2005, when community members and elders from a number of the 10
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He was one of the first to separate Greek art into periods and time classifications. Winckelmann has been called both "The prophet and founding hero of
324:, who is thus known as the first archaeologist. Not only did he lead the first excavations which were to find the foundation deposits of the temples of
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and identifying other sites with similar artifact assemblages. However, a much more comprehensive range of analytical techniques are available through
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Once artifacts and structures have been excavated, or collected from surface surveys, it is necessary to properly study them. This process is known as
1001:, whose highly disciplined approach to excavation and systematic coverage in the 1920s and 1930s brought the science on swiftly. Wheeler developed the
812:; however, his careful methods led him to admit he saw no reason why ancestors of the Native Americans of his time could not have raised those mounds.
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is another man who may legitimately be called the Father of Archaeology. His painstaking recording and study of artifacts, both in Egypt and later in
10657:
10642:
10206:
9793:
9608:
1271:. It questioned processualism's appeals to scientific positivism and impartiality, and emphasized the importance of a more self-critical theoretical
6917:
6759:
6673:
5038:
10680:
10406:
10401:
10396:
10376:
10236:
10125:
10120:
6860:
4563:
1428:(with the Persian Gulf in the lower right corner) indicating the areas that have been subjected to regional surveys (in blue) over the past decades
4532:
3292:"Archaeological Research 2014 to 2021: an examination of its intellectual base, collaborative networks and conceptual language using science maps"
2290:(The National Institute of Cultural Heritage) trains curators specialized in archaeology. Their mission is to enhance the objects discovered. The
1757:), though this method is increasingly used with great caution. Following this rather dramatic step, the exposed area is usually hand-cleaned with
10675:
10647:
10331:
10316:
10301:
10296:
10261:
10181:
9532:
6213:
1907:
calculations to verify whether or not certain structures (such as pillars) were aligned with astronomical events such as the sun's position at a
1796:
of each. All this information serves as a permanent record of the now-destroyed archaeology and is used in describing and interpreting the site.
1208:. In the early 20th century, many archaeologists who studied past societies with direct continuing links to existing ones (such as those of
1204:, which held the goal of explaining why cultures changed and adapted rather than just highlighting the fact that they did, therefore emphasizing
1542:
growing above a buried human-made structure, such as a stone wall, will develop more slowly, while those above other types of features (such as
10611:
10351:
10135:
9768:
8426:
6820:
5269:
1420:
3727:
3208:
is the standard spelling across the English-speaking world, including the United States. Some US government bodies and university presses use
2812:
In the United States, Similar to the experience of Native Americans, the history of African diaspora archaeology is one of controversies over
11084:
10361:
10356:
10341:
10336:
10286:
10246:
10226:
10216:
7088:
7052:
6958:
4488:
7017:
6364:
1705:
or provenience, be recorded. This always involves determining their horizontal locations, and sometimes vertical position as well (also see
10281:
1333:
5646:
10662:
10391:
10386:
10321:
10266:
10256:
10211:
4181:
4139:
2685:
interpreting their finds. There have also been active efforts to recruit aboriginal peoples directly into the archaeological profession.
17:
7652:
Glascock, M.D.; Neff, H.; Stryker, K.S. & Johnson, T.N. (1994). "Sourcing archaeological obsidian by an abbreviated NAA procedure".
5841:
Roger O'Keefe, Camille Péron, Tofig Musayev, Gianluca Ferrari "Protection of Cultural Property. Military Manual." UNESCO, 2016, S. 73ff.
5698:
3420:
10652:
9525:
4944:
4890:
3664:
3620:
3137:
2696:
1947:
In September 2014 drones weighing about 5 kg (11 lb) were used for 3D mapping of the above-ground ruins of the Greek city of
3694:
1096:. Archaeology also sheds light on many of humanity's technological advances, for instance the ability to use fire, the development of
11269:
10366:
10311:
10291:
9723:
7352:
5863:
Eden Stiffman "Cultural Preservation in Disasters, War Zones. Presents Big Challenges" in The Chronicle Of Philanthropy, 11 May 2015.
730:. He was one of the founders of scientific archaeology and first applied the categories of style on a large, systematic basis to the
6243:
2440:
Television programs, web videos and social media can also bring an understanding of underwater archaeology to a broad audience. The
10371:
10221:
10196:
10161:
9623:
7322:
6612:
3759:
3533:
2525:
Archaeologists prize local knowledge and often liaise with local historical and archaeological societies, which is one reason why
10306:
10251:
10110:
9447:
4061:
3147:
2821:
2626:
2252:
2051:
1733:
Excavation is the most expensive phase of archaeological research, in relative terms. Also, as a destructive process, it carries
7559:
6797:
6127:
4267:
4001:
3442:
10271:
10186:
8013:
Ogundele, S.O. (2005). "Ethnoarchaeology of domestic space and spatial behaviour among the Tiv and Ungwai of central Nigeria".
1279:, has emerged seeking to incorporate a focus on process and post-processual archaeology's emphasis of reflexivity and history.
707:
However, prior to the development of modern techniques, excavations tended to be haphazard; the importance of concepts such as
4031:
1112:. Without archaeology, little or nothing would be known about the use of material culture by humanity that pre-dates writing.
11171:
11156:
10616:
8927:
8774:
8598:
8565:
8492:
8346:
8319:
8300:
8210:
8091:
7986:
7867:
7540:
6729:
6465:"No More Polluter Pays Principle: opportunities and challenges of public benefit provision in UK development-led archaeology"
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4609:
4500:
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4221:
4175:
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3452:
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1706:
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in the 1870s. These scholars individuated nine different cities that had overlapped with one another, from prehistory to the
924:
in Egypt during the 1880s. He was also responsible for mentoring and training a whole generation of Egyptologists, including
801:
7784:
Gould, R.; Koster, D.A. & Sontz, A.H.L. (1971b). "The Lithic Assemblage of the Western Desert Aborigines of Australia".
7110:
1127:, their surviving records are often incomplete and biased to some extent. In many societies, literacy was restricted to the
11166:
11137:
11094:
10718:
10201:
8403:
4463:
2809:, as well as their descendants. Although of global relevance, most research has been conducted in the Americas and Africa.
2039:
Historical archaeology is the study of cultures with some form of writing and deals with objects and issues from the past.
6984:
6436:"Archaeology and the History of the Lithuanian Resistance in the 19th and 20th Centuries: in search of the public benefit"
2353:
deal with the protection of cultural heritage and thus also archaeological sites. This also applies to the integration of
591:, conducted surveys of the English countryside, drawing, describing and interpreting the monuments that they encountered.
146:
until the advent of literacy in societies around the world. Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding
6159:
5672:
5620:
5246:
2837:
2280:
697:
8529:
Hodder, Ian; Shanks, Michael; Alexandri, Alexandar; Buchili, Victor; Carman, John; Last, Jonathan; Lucas, Gavin (2008).
5309:
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9808:
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4307:
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3336:
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2307:
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2123:
also investigates different spatial characteristics of features, employing methods such as space syntax techniques and
2046:, archaeologists have explored the illicit burial of unbaptized children in medieval texts and cemeteries. In downtown
1209:
5776:
251:
11109:
8669:
8631:
7977:
Miller, D.; Tilley, C. (1984). "Ideology, power, and prehistory: An introduction". In Miller, D.; Tilley, C. (eds.).
7040:
A Future That Does Not Forget: Collaborative Archaeology in the Colonial Context of Sint Eustatius (Dutch Caribbean).
6704:
4471:
4360:
3951:
3926:
3898:
3827:
2895:
2199:
6415:
Minnis, P.E.; Kelly, D.S.; Sebastian, L.; Ingram, S.E.; Spielmann, K.A. (2006). "Answering the skeptic's question".
5892:
2181:
173:
of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research.
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9828:
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4962:
3042:
2974:
1573:
44:
5750:
11842:
11214:
11062:
9773:
9673:
8841:
8109:
Saraydar, S.; Shimada, I. (1971). "A Quantitative Comparison of Efficiency Between A Stone Axe and A Steel Axe".
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2825:
2817:
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1477:
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5167:
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in June 2007. Several small holes left by looters' prospecting probes can be seen, as well as their footprints.
2166:
1970:
1260:
1252:
790:
355:
8637:
4164:
Cunliffe, B.W.; Colin Renfrew, B.W.C.; Cunliffe, P.; Davies, W.; Renfrew, C.; Davies, P.; et al. (2002).
889:
852:
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or foraging societies; today ethnoarchaeological research encompasses a much wider range of human behaviour.
1283:
8293:
Standards of Archaeological Excavations: A Fieldguide to the Methology, Recording Techniques and Conventions
6273:
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3782:
2556:
have ignored the scientific methods of processual archaeology, or the specific critiques of it contained in
1062:. Over 99% of the development of humanity has occurred within prehistoric cultures, who did not make use of
11747:
11657:
10416:
9989:
9763:
9678:
9663:
9476:
9186:
9073:
8684:
8517:
5333:"Doctrinal and physical marginality in Christian death: The burial of unbaptized infants in Medieval Italy"
2792:
2217:
1380:
1201:
708:
31:
6695:
Singleton, Theresa (2010). "African Diaspora in Archaeology". In Olaniyan, Tejumola; Sweet, James (eds.).
3320:
1511:
Inverted kite aerial photo of an excavation of a Roman building at Nesley near Tetbury in Gloucestershire.
1149:
record may be closer to a fair representation of society, though it is subject to its own biases, such as
11299:
11120:
10069:
9409:
9252:
9181:
9022:
8228:
Shanks, M. (1991). "Some recent approaches to style and social reconstruction in classical archaeology".
7012:
6665:
5028:
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3162:
3102:
2891:
2557:
2354:
1615:
1272:
1268:
935:
464:
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1701:
Modern excavation techniques require that the precise locations of objects and features, known as their
652:
11984:
11944:
10533:
9803:
8962:
8860:
5062:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences
4528:
4203:
3819:
3157:
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is the link between scientific knowledge, administrative regulations, heritage objects and the public.
2235:
The application of CRM in the United Kingdom is not limited to government-funded projects. Since 1990,
1714:
1710:
1293:
1221:
1047:
848:
789:, and the terms he used to categorize and describe them are still used by archaeologists today. Future
719:
577:
8876:
6349:
6209:
1457:, and survey of all levels became prominent with the rise of processual archaeology some years later.
11561:
11289:
11224:
11176:
10573:
9688:
9683:
9296:
9284:
9150:
9090:
9043:
8920:
7763:
Gould, R. (1971a). "The Archaeologist as Ethnographer: A Case from the Western Desert of Australia".
7283:
3030:
3018:
2997:
2949: – Application of the techniques of molecular population genetics to the study of the human past
2802:
2350:
2333:
1879:
1638:
1581:
839:. The systematic application of stratigraphy to archaeology first took place with the excavations of
828:
432:: "We speak from facts, not theory". Tentative steps towards the systematization of archaeology as a
5585:
Saiano, F.; Scalenghe, R. (2009). "An anthropic soil transformation fingerprinted by REY patterns".
2914:
Archaeological sites can be seen as habitats that support ecosystems and fulfil biodiversity goals.
2824:
where he initiated a protocol for collaborating with the African descendant community. In 2011, the
154:
to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time. Derived from Greek, the term
11894:
11742:
11732:
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11209:
10858:
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9211:
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2806:
2578:
2412:
2097:
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1986:
1960:
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1805:
1789:
1741:
is even more important in excavation than in survey. Sometimes large mechanical equipment, such as
1559:
1309:
1205:
1173:
religious, political, or economic treasures rather than with the reconstruction of past societies.
1033:
166:
8262:
Shott, M.J.; Sillitoe, P. (2005). "Use life and curation in New Guinea experimental used flakes".
7084:
6635:"Open minds, clearer signals – metal detectorist and archaeologist cooperation takes another step"
3069: – Study of the relationship between humans and their natural, social, and built environments
11925:
11704:
11592:
11487:
10578:
10563:
10009:
9901:
9703:
9643:
9568:
9424:
9349:
9247:
9125:
7288:
6356:
5925:
McGeough, Kevin (2006). "Heroes, mummies, and treasure: Near Eastern archaeology in the movies".
3328:
3054:
2704:
2451:
2245:
2177:
2002:
1614:
archaeological context. In the UK, metal detectorists have been solicited for involvement in the
913:
905:
584:
4213:
4207:
2890:
spoke out strongly against what they found were unethical excavations of their ancestors on the
607:
to describe the study of antiquities in which he was engaged, in the preface of a collection of
133:
in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. Archaeology is distinct from
11814:
11534:
11362:
10997:
10670:
10074:
9931:
9896:
9648:
9578:
9469:
9459:
9379:
9374:
9344:
9323:
9196:
9191:
9155:
8944:
8652:
8452:
Yellen, J.; Harpending, H. (1972). "Hunter-Gatherer Populations and Archaeological Inference".
7601:
Flannery, K.V. (1967). "Culture History v. Culture Process: A Debate in American archaeology".
6918:"After Breaking Ties with Britain, Barbados Announces Heritage District Tracing Slavery's Toll"
6853:"All Info - H.R.1179 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): African-American Burial Grounds Network Act"
5990:
Denning, K. (28 January 2004). "'The Storm of Progress' and Archaeology for an Online Public".
5638:
5578:
3183:
3152:
2958:
2952:
2601:
2569:
2446:
2240:
2114:
2034:
2006:
1844:
1840:
1793:
1777:
1773:
1722:
1622:
1597:
1241:
1185:. However, these endeavours, real and fictional, are not representative of modern archaeology.
1116:
879:
712:
489:
243:
210:
198:
71:
11235:
9517:
7622:
Flannery, K.V. (1982). "The Golden Marshalltown: A Parable for the Archaeology of the 1980s".
5687:
5631:
4352:
4344:
4165:
4123:
1492:
overgrown with vegetation. Surface survey may also include mini-excavation techniques such as
867:
A major figure in the development of archaeology into a rigorous science was army officer and
819:. The idea of overlapping strata tracing back to successive periods was borrowed from the new
11979:
11737:
11727:
11689:
11662:
11624:
11597:
11507:
11416:
11335:
11325:
11073:
10593:
10558:
10064:
9926:
9813:
9698:
9552:
9464:
9384:
9140:
9053:
9048:
9038:
8241:
Shanks, M. (1993). "Style and the design of a perfume jar from an Archaic Greek city state".
8066:
7823:"Man the hunted: Determinants of household spacing in desert and tropical foraging societies"
7296:
5694:
3412:
3221:
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3036:
2991:
2526:
2502:
2392:
1998:
1912:
1738:
1718:
1462:
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1415:
1367:
1305:
1194:
1002:
947:
943:
921:
778:
from around 1798, funded by Sir Richard Colt Hoare. Cunnington made meticulous recordings of
162:
79:
67:
8382:
Watters, M.R. (2000). "Alluvial stratigraphy and geoarchaeology in the American Southwest".
3723:
3648:
3604:
2403:
Much thorough and productive research has indeed been conducted in dramatic locales such as
1437:, within a site. Each of these two goals may be accomplished with largely the same methods.
1058:
The purpose of archaeology is to learn more about past societies and the development of the
201:
of artifacts, a lack of public interest, and opposition to the excavation of human remains.
11974:
11684:
11524:
11497:
11492:
11389:
11229:
11204:
11161:
10034:
9979:
9891:
9718:
9494:
9394:
9389:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9145:
9135:
9063:
8992:
8987:
8913:
8752:
8391:
8271:
7688:
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7209:
6017:
5671:. Planning, building and the environment – Communities and Local Government. Archived from
5594:
5182:
5121:
5069:
4882:
4367:
The father of official art history was a German named Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–68).
3362:
3096:
3045: – Non-invasive physical sensing techniques used for archaeological imaging or mapping
2985:
2870:
2849:
2798:
2764:
2574:
2519:
2482:
1994:
1726:
1321:
1301:
1014:
1013:
graduates. Further adaptation and innovation in archaeology continued in this period, when
893:
Archaeological excavation of a Stone Age settlement at Glamilders in Långbergsöda village,
871:
522:
512:
437:
186:
182:
7344:
7194:
2564:
2325:
8:
11864:
11858:
11784:
11699:
11644:
11519:
11384:
11330:
11148:
11114:
11079:
10893:
10704:
10685:
10548:
10448:
10029:
9946:
9921:
9911:
9818:
9743:
9633:
9603:
9573:
9289:
9274:
9176:
8982:
8972:
8952:
6235:
3009:
2613:
2609:
2408:
2395:, explaining the archaeological discoveries made during the construction of this building
2229:
2132:
1990:
1978:
1916:
1883:
1769:
1721:, needs to be recorded for later analysis. This allows the archaeologist to deduce which
1648:
1388:
is an example of passive remote sensing. Here are two active remote sensing instruments:
991:
963:
580:
in the early 15th century, for which he has been called an early founder of archaeology.
576:, an Italian Renaissance humanist historian, created a systematic guide to the ruins and
107:
99:
83:
8395:
8275:
7665:
7314:
5598:
5186:
5125:
5073:
3366:
2593:
A looter's pit on the morning following its excavation, taken at Rontoy, Huaura Valley,
2251:
In England, ultimate responsibility of care for the historic environment rests with the
2224:
as well. In the US, CRM archaeology has been a growing concern since the passage of the
971:
372:
11809:
11374:
11099:
11067:
10868:
10853:
10543:
9886:
9783:
9778:
9638:
9369:
9232:
8891:
The Archaeology Data Service – Open access online archive for UK and global archaeology
8796:
8729:
8420:
8171:
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8134:
8126:
8081:
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7809:
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7714:
7706:
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7496:
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5567:
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5001:
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3394:
3048:
2924:
2712:
2674:
2496:
1785:
1677:
1527:
1317:
1256:
1083:
1070:. Many important developments in human history occurred during prehistory, such as the
1022:
975:
909:
875:
771:
763:
759:
735:
534:
530:
518:
496:
429:
376:
303:
267:
87:
4053:
928:
who went on to achieve fame with the discovery of the tomb of 14th-century BC pharaoh
11779:
11774:
11762:
11757:
11629:
11619:
11539:
11482:
11426:
10964:
10947:
10873:
10863:
10815:
10528:
10044:
9728:
9668:
9658:
9548:
9419:
9414:
9399:
8770:
8733:
8665:
8627:
8594:
8561:
8498:
8488:
8482:
8469:
8352:
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8315:
8296:
8216:
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8138:
8097:
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7951:
7863:
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7577:
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7435:
7229:
6789:
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6700:
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6101:
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5571:
5527:
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5013:
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4605:
4496:
4467:
4438:
4400:
4356:
4313:
4303:
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4171:
4129:
4090:
4086:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
3993:
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559:
476:
194:
7681:
6760:"A racist scientist built a collection of human skulls. Should we still study them?"
5149:
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3473:
954:
The first stratigraphic excavation to reach wide popularity with public was that of
11794:
11639:
11614:
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10115:
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8042:
8022:
7931:
7834:
7793:
7772:
7735:
7698:
7669:
7631:
7610:
7516:
Denning, K. (2004). "The Storm of Progress' and Archaeology for an Online Public".
7488:
7456:
7419:
7415:
7256:
7221:
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7145:
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and Justin Dunnavant, archaeologist and assistant professor of anthropology at the
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for recording. A feature, for example a pit or a ditch, consists of two parts: the
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1951:. The data are being analysed by the Austrian Archaeological Institute in Vienna.
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10458:
10453:
10049:
9964:
9936:
9708:
9242:
9095:
8997:
8443:
Wylie, A. (1985). "The reaction against analogy". In Schiffer, Michael B. (ed.).
7225:
7057:
6560:
Munson, C.A.; Jones, M.M.; Fry, R.E. (1995). "The GE Mound: An ARPA Case Study".
5194:
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1974:
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815:
One of the major achievements of 19th-century archaeology was the development of
380:
299:
170:
147:
8554:
Olsen, Bjørnar; Shanks, Michael; Webmoor, Timothy; Witmore, Christopher (2012).
7858:
Haviland, William A.; Prins, Harald E.L.; McBride, Bunny; Walrath, Dana (2010).
7726:
Gladfelter, B.G. (1977). "Geoarchaeology: The Geomorphologist and Archaeology".
7651:
5237:"Peru's archaeologists turn to drones to help protect and explore ancient ruins"
3087: – Study of changes in the physical environment caused by human activities.
2297:
Among the goals of CRM are the identification, preservation, and maintenance of
847:
sites. In the third and fourth decades of the 19th century, archaeologists like
237:
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9301:
9262:
9237:
9007:
8895:
8254:
8146:
Saraydar, S.C.; Shimada, I. (1973). "Experimental archaeology: A new outlook".
6980:
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2907:
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and then use it to help decide the method of excavation. Features dug into the
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809:
731:
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444:
177:
91:
8896:
World Archaeology News – weekly update from BBC Radio archaeologist, Win Scutt
8725:
8712:
Hutchings Rich, La Salle Marina (2014). "Teaching Anti-Colonial Archaeology".
8283:
8058:
8026:
6949:"Adjaye Associates' proposed Newton Enslaved Burial Ground Memorial, Barbados"
6948:
6167:
5721:"English Heritage – Stonehenge & the History of England: English Heritage"
5624:
5606:
4392:
2776:
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9758:
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3582:
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2829:
2748:
2653:
2476:
2047:
1982:
1746:
1643:
1515:
1507:
1493:
1449:
pioneered the technique of regional settlement pattern survey in 1949 in the
1446:
1297:
1282:
Archaeological theory now borrows from a wide range of influences, including
1229:
1225:
1150:
967:
925:
836:
824:
573:
563:
468:
388:
134:
8793:. More than 10 years of using the Overhauser GSM-19 gradiometer". Wormianum.
8220:
7581:
5029:"Para los arqueólogos es un ladrón, para los buscadores de tesoros un ídolo"
4489:"Characterizing the World Archaeology Collections of the Pitt Rivers Museum"
4317:
3919:
Superfluous Things: Material culture and social status in early modern China
1361:
Video showing the different works in an archaeological recovery and analysis
11669:
11609:
11357:
11315:
11197:
11192:
11104:
10969:
10957:
10741:
10508:
10463:
10039:
9999:
9130:
8977:
8819:
8502:
8473:
8329:
7895:
Hodder, I. (1985). "Post-processual archaeology". In Schiffer, M.B. (ed.).
7233:
5772:
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5202:
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5081:
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3573:
3556:
3507:
The Pursuit of Ruins: Archaeology, History, and the Making of Modern Mexico
3390:
3024:
2929:
2874:
2720:
2708:
2511:
2314:
2119:
2010:
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1337:
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artifacts, not just beautiful or unique ones, be collected and catalogued.
832:
816:
504:
485:
472:
448:
103:
75:
4379:
Everill, P. (2010). "The Parkers of Heytesbury: Archaeological pioneers".
11821:
11709:
11634:
11551:
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11463:
11046:
11014:
10975:
10820:
10443:
10079:
10024:
9969:
9916:
9876:
9733:
9206:
9085:
8957:
8674:
5697:. Department for Culture Media and Sport. Culture.gov.uk. 28 April 2009.
5550:
Hacιgüzeller, Piraye (2012). "GIS, critique, representation and beyond".
5543:
2467:
educational program that reached thousands of children around the world.
2043:
1948:
1920:
1895:
of sites, such as the throne room of an Assyrian palace or ancient Rome.
1892:
1864:
1825:
1821:
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693:
669:
526:
508:
425:
349:
295:
143:
7913:
Hodder, I. (1990). "Style as historical quality". In Hastorf, M. (ed.).
6388:"Making the Case for the Public Benefits of Development-led Archaeology"
6329:"Social Impact Archaeology: Pontefract Castle and the Gatehouse Project"
5938:
5349:
5332:
4958:
3374:
1625:
uses geophysical or remote sensing devices such as marine magnetometer,
507:
civilization and the rediscovery of classical culture began in the late
27:
Study of human activity based on materials that people have left behind.
11875:
11714:
11556:
11514:
11458:
11007:
10932:
10898:
10825:
10810:
10798:
10766:
10727:
10503:
10483:
10014:
9881:
9871:
9823:
9628:
9269:
9201:
8890:
8705:
7673:
7427:
7053:"Olympics media village built on 'sacred' mass grave of African slaves"
5746:
3864:
3693:. History of Archaeology (ANP203). Anthropology.msu.edu. Archived from
2768:
2604:
is an ancient problem. For instance, many of the tombs of the Egyptian
2014:
1900:
1856:
1762:
1754:
1725:
and features were likely used together and which may be from different
1702:
1264:
1248:
1233:
1101:
1097:
917:
844:
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783:
661:
645:
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452:
360:
126:
122:
95:
8167:
8130:
7943:
7805:
7747:
7710:
7500:
7179:
7166:
6884:"New Legislation Seeks to Protect the U.S.' Historic Black Cemeteries"
6581:
6529:
6448:
6435:
6400:
6387:
6341:
6328:
6312:
6300:"Prehistory, Playhouses and the Public: London's Planning Archaeology"
6299:
5519:
5330:
5005:
4686:
4665:
Schiffer, M.B. (1972). "Archaeological context and systemic context".
4170:. British Academy centenary monographs. British Academy. p. 309.
3941:
3783:"The history of archaeology: How ancient relic hunting became science"
3304:
3291:
2988: – Methods for estimating a realistic date for an event or object
2673:, some archaeologists have begun to actively enlist the assistance of
2313:
The annual ratio of open academic archaeology positions (inclusive of
336:), and the sanctuary that Naram-Sin built to the moon god, located in
11649:
11546:
11475:
11369:
11342:
10991:
10980:
10942:
10835:
10513:
9866:
9257:
9216:
8900:
8045:(2001). "Practice and History in Archaeology: An Emerging Paradigm".
7879:
Ethnobotanical and Archaeobotanical Relationships: A Yuman case study
7642:
7261:
7248:
7150:
7137:
6477:
6464:
6010:
6003:
5720:
5112:
in market-oriented and subsistence-oriented communities in Brazil?".
5089:
3787:
3275:
3262:
2589:
2490:
1904:
1667:
1287:
955:
868:
779:
775:
608:
551:
545:('father of antiquity') and today "father of classical archaeology":
460:
329:
314:
278:
263:
115:
8588:
8555:
8530:
7822:
7376:"Why are there two different spellings: archaeology and archeology?"
6078:"Open Access to Publications to Expand Participation in Archaeology"
5802:
5492:"Experimental Use of Clovis Weaponry and Tools on African Elephants"
3856:
2184:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
1923:
can be applied to large bodies of archaeological 'grey literature'.
1919:
can be used to better understand past social dynamics and outcomes.
11019:
10908:
10830:
10776:
10751:
10518:
10478:
10473:
10019:
9843:
9012:
8621:
8159:
8122:
7935:
7797:
7783:
7739:
7702:
7492:
7472:
Settlement Pattern Studies in the Americas — Fifty Years Since Virú
7315:"Archeology: Why Is There an Alternative Way to Spell Archaeology?"
6744:
Archaeology under the Blinding Light of Race. Michael L. Blakey in
6605:"Archaeologist's execution highlights risks to history's guardians"
6573:
6521:
5510:
5491:
4997:
4678:
4163:
3093: – Magnetic detection of archaeological artefacts and features
2879:
2862:
2858:
2460:
2298:
2260:
2050:, archaeologists have exhumed the 18th century remains of the
2022:
2018:
1966:
1908:
1810:
1555:
1523:
1105:
1063:
805:
684:
Excavations were also carried out by the Spanish military engineer
673:
665:
538:
484:
after the Song period, were revived in the 17th century during the
480:
59:
11914:
11247:
8871:
8404:
10.1002/1520-6548(200008)15:6<537::AID-GEA5>3.0.CO;2-E
7566:. Vol. 1. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 25–35.
6821:"When Black history is unearthed, who gets to speak for the dead?"
5060:
Hall, E.T. (1970). "Survey techniques in underwater archaeology".
3509:. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press. pp. 25 ff.
2865:
on November 30, 2021, announced plans for the construction of the
2404:
1658:
1470:
and settlement structure. Survey data are commonly assembled into
1161:
has existed for at least 200,000 years, and other species of
898:
855:
began to put the artifacts they had found in chronological order.
640:
11396:
11002:
10952:
10926:
10803:
10756:
9906:
9588:
9078:
8560:. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press.
7396:
7367:
6953:
4587:
Minotaur: Sir Arthur Evans and the Archaeology of the Minoan Myth
2932: – Scientific study of humans, human behavior, and societies
2772:
2744:
2736:
2605:
2534:
2456:
2291:
2124:
1750:
1742:
1671:
1313:
1213:
1145:
1079:
1067:
1052:
983:
894:
820:
786:
723:
689:
618:
433:
325:
151:
130:
111:
8003:
6699:. Bloomington, Ind: Indiana University Press. pp. 119–134.
1474:, which may show surface features and/or artifact distribution.
1025:
was developed as a result of increasing commercial development.
997:
The next major figure in the development of archaeology was Sir
750:
660:
One of the first sites to undergo archaeological excavation was
39:
11041:
10913:
10771:
9798:
9788:
9547:
8711:
7406:
Ascher, R. (1961). "Analogy in archaeological interpretation".
7195:"'Dark' archaeologists scour melting ice for ancient artifacts"
7167:"Heritage Responds – Taking Positive Actions on Climate Change"
6641:(blog). The Society for Historical Archaeology. 10 April 2013.
6045:"Over-research and ethics dumping in international archaeology"
5953:
5331:
Crow, Madison; Zori, Colleen; Zori, Davide (17 December 2020).
4493:
World Archaeology at the Pitt Rivers Museum: A characterization
3946:. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. p. 227.
3843:
Rudolph, R.C. (1963). "Preliminary notes on Sung archaeology".
3081: – Sub-discipline of archaeology and archaeological theory
2716:
2510:
and indemnity insurance issues involved in working on a modern
2381:
2346:
2236:
1758:
1734:
1698:, three-dimensional structure, and verifiably primary context.
1662:
Archaeological excavation that discovered prehistoric caves in
1547:
1543:
1519:
1434:
1132:
1087:
797:
701:
555:
337:
333:
266:
account of the excavation of a foundation deposit belonging to
138:
8905:
8884:
8587:
Rathje, William; Shanks, Michael; Witmore, Christoper (2013).
8182:
6043:
Marwick, Ben; Pham, Thanh Son; Ko, May Su (15 December 2020).
3099: – Archaeological study of human interaction with the sea
2635:
Some historical archaeology sites are subjected to looting by
2372:
1973:
characterized by a specific method or type of material (e.g.,
672:(1626–1697) was a pioneer archaeologist who recorded numerous
10793:
10696:
9833:
9738:
8824:
Thinking From Things: Essays in the Philosophy of Archaeology
6720:
Fennell, Christopher (2020). "African Diaspora Archaeology".
6174:
2971: – Type of research using evidence from archival records
2475:. The American Academy of Underwater Sciences. Archived from
2264:
1937:
1563:
1539:
1500:
pits. If no materials are found, the area surveyed is deemed
1396:
1128:
1059:
987:
914:
system of dating layers based on pottery and ceramic findings
632:
and is described as one of the first history books of India.
611:
which he had gleaned over the years of his travels, entitled
566:. He noted down his archaeological discoveries in his diary,
421:
411:
401:
391:
8528:
7922:
Hodder, I. (1991). "Interpretive Archaeology and Its Role".
5110:
4437:(3. ed.). London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 17–18.
3481:"Archaeology as a Central Issue in the Creation of Identity"
3027: – Excavating garbage dumps to find objects of interest
946:
in the early 20th century. Pictured, are his excavations at
9614:
Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property
9598:
8816:– "A History of Archaeological Thought" 2nd. edition (2007)
8708:& Scott Hutson – "Reading the Past" 3rd. edition (2003)
7857:
6657:
5852:
The Destruction of Cultural Heritage Should be a War Crime.
4984:
Reeves, D.M. (1936). "Aerial photography and archaeology".
4886:
2955: – Application of scientific techniques to archaeology
2740:
2594:
2276:
2055:
1663:
1652:
1589:
1585:
1535:
1531:
1454:
959:
424:") grew out of the older multi-disciplinary study known as
365:
8375:
Principles of Geoarchaeology: A North American Perspective
6417:
The Society for American Archaeology Archaeological Record
6414:
5621:"MIT Archaeological Materials and CMRAE Mission Statement"
5474:
4589:. New York, NY: Hill and Wang (Farrar, Straus and Giroux).
3225:
2938: – Interdisciplinary study of astronomies in cultures
1601:
deposits or unfired clay) tend to have lower resistivity.
11438:
11220:
List of people considered a founder in a Humanities field
10783:
9619:
Conservation and restoration of movable cultural property
8553:
8145:
5920:
5918:
5168:"Virtual archaeologists recreate parts of ancient worlds"
4460:
General Pitt Rivers: The father of scientific archaeology
3073:
Intellectual Property Issues in Cultural Heritage project
1596:, and even ditches and middens. Devices that measure the
1576:
can be the most effective way to see beneath the ground.
1471:
920:. Petrie was the first to scientifically investigate the
603:
who, in 1685, offered one of the earliest definitions of
595:
10005:
Digital repository audit method based on risk assessment
8451:
8413:
Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the Virú Valley, Perú
7972:. Ann Arbor, MI: International Monographs in Prehistory.
7469:
7249:"Archaeological Heritage as a Sustainer of Biodiversity"
5893:"Action plan to preserve heritage sites during conflict"
4604:(3. ed.). London: Thames & Hudson. p. 24.
1873:
1776:
are normally excavated in portions to produce a visible
58:
is the study of human activity through the recovery and
10846:
10653:
Conservation-restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
8789:
Smekalova, T.N.; Voss O.; & Smekalov S.L. (2008). "
8531:"Interpreting Archaeology: Finding Meaning in the Past"
8290:
8261:
8108:
7528:
7399:
Anthropology, Space, and Geographic Information Systems
7042:
Rotterdam, Bureau Archeologie en Toekomst, BAT-report 1
7008:"The fight to save America's historic Black cemeteries"
6946:
6077:
5669:"Planning Policy Guidance 16: Archaeology and planning"
5584:
3813:
745:
8623:
Experiencing the Past: On the Character of Archaeology
6911:
6909:
5915:
5885:
5645:. The University of Exeter – SoGAER. 28 October 2008.
5270:"Air-chaeological drones search for ancient treasures"
4302:. Potts, Alex. Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute.
3893:(2nd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
3351:
2747:, were originally excavated from various sites in the
2667:
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
2468:
1997:), other thematic concern (e.g. maritime archaeology,
990:
revealed the ancient existence of an equally advanced
11942:
8079:
7275:
7164:
7111:"Criticism remains despite suspension of excavations"
6495:(TV documentary). Time Life Lost Civilizations. 1993.
2469:
Southerly, C.; Gillman-Bryan, J. (19 February 2009).
656:
Johann Joachim Winckelmann (Raphael Mengs after 1755)
9059:
Conservation and restoration of archaeological sites
8200:
8191:
7976:
6210:"Live from Morehead City, it's Queen Anne's Revenge"
5534:
5465:
5456:
4923:
3014:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
3004:
Conservation and restoration of archaeological sites
2869:
as well as a museum dedicated to the history of the
1546:) may develop more rapidly. Photographs of ripening
463:
by investigating, preserving, and analyzing ancient
8742:
International Journal of South American Archaeology
8586:
8336:
8004:Miller, D.; Rowlands, M.; Tilley, C., eds. (1989).
7820:
7479:Binford, L. (1962). "Archaeology as Anthropology".
6906:
6236:"Apple, QuickTime help with underwater diving trip"
5420:
4602:
Archaeology essentials: theories, methods, practice
4435:
Archaeology essentials: theories, methods, practice
3202:
American English usually does not use -ae spellings
2652:In the United States, examples such as the case of
2239:has required planners to consider archaeology as a
1749:), is used in excavation, especially to remove the
696:, both of which had been covered by ash during the
7397:Aldenderfer, M.S.; Maschner, H.D.G., eds. (1996).
7378:. Society for American Archaeology. Archived from
7276:
6506:Sheets, P.D. (1973). "The Pillage of Prehistory".
5791:
4618:
3247:
3245:
916:, which revolutionized the chronological basis of
492:rather than a separate discipline of archaeology.
10658:Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty
9794:Mold control and prevention (library and archive)
9609:Conservation and restoration of cultural property
8314:. Menasha: American Anthropological Association.
8071:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
7647:. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
7308:
7306:
7138:"Climate Change and Archaeology. An Introduction"
6553:
6120:
5245:. Reuters in Lima. 25 August 2013. Archived from
4778:
4742:
4733:
4708:
4706:
4704:
3942:Fraser, Julius Thomas; Haber, Francis C. (1986).
3888:
2901:
2418:
1604:Although some archaeologists consider the use of
1251:movement arose led by the British archaeologists
529:who came from a prominent family of merchants in
215:
11966:
10681:Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies
10671:Conservation response to flood of Arno, Florence
10635:Conservation-restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's
8183:Sellet, F.; Greaves, R. & Yu, P.-L. (2006).
7734:(4). Society for American Archaeology: 519–538.
7725:
7654:Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
7645:Time, Science, and Society in China and the West
7643:Fraser, Julius Thomas; Francis C. Haber (1986).
7564:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures
5411:
5393:
3944:Time, Science, and Society in China and the West
3444:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures
2488:In the UK, popular archaeology programs such as
2212:Archaeology can be a subsidiary activity within
2139:
1899:is also used as an analytical tool, and digital
10676:Modern and Contemporary Art Research Initiative
10648:Conservation-restoration of the Shroud of Turin
8447:. Orlando, FL: Academic Press. pp. 63–111.
8205:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
7487:(4). Society for American Archaeology: 217–25.
7474:. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
6724:(2nd ed.). Springer Cham. pp. 58–59.
6499:
4787:
3884:
3882:
3557:"The archaeological impacts of metal detecting"
3413:"What is archaeology? – Archaeology definition"
3242:
2786:
2677:likely to be descended from those under study.
2367:
1379:Before actually starting to dig in a location,
796:also did his own excavations in 1784 using the
125:and history, from the development of the first
10612:Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum
9769:Integrated pest management (cultural property)
8041:
8012:
7621:
7600:
7303:
6559:
6485:
4867:
4865:
4701:
4664:
4658:
4089:(PB ed.). Pearson Education. p. 13.
4082:
3970:, with Clive Foss, introduction (pp. ix-xxiii)
3912:
3910:
3647:Kelly, Robert L.; Thomas, David Hurst (2013).
3609:. University of Nebraska Press. p. viii.
2703:A new trend in the heated controversy between
2079:Early ethnoarchaeological research focused on
1969:disciplines, there are a very large number of
11263:
11085:Humanities and Social Sciences Communications
10712:
9533:
8921:
8381:
8372:
8363:
7930:(1). Society for American Archaeology: 7–18.
7881:. Salinas: Coyote Press. pp. 3–7, 38–45.
7557:
6042:
5817:
3916:
3842:
3485:Encyclopédie d'histoire numérique de l'Europe
3075: – Cultural heritage research initiative
3063: – Method of depicting site stratigraphy
1985:), geographical or chronological focus (e.g.
1291:
1240:very important parts of what became known as
8887:– an online database of archaeological sites
8445:Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory
8410:
8368:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
8309:
8185:Archaeology and Ethnoarchaeology of Mobility
8083:Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice
7897:Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory
7890:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
6297:
6293:
6291:
5983:
5549:
5429:
5114:Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies
4850:
4724:
4584:
4457:
3879:
3289:
3260:
2514:with tight deadlines. Certain charities and
2360:The President of Blue Shield International,
1005:, which was further improved by his student
770:The father of archaeological excavation was
583:Antiquarians of the 16th century, including
8784:Archaeology: theories, methods and practice
8187:. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
7908:. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
7876:
7515:
7478:
6186:(video documentary). Nautilus Productions.
4862:
4715:
4599:
4556:"Great Ancient Civilizations of Asia Minor"
4432:
4413:
4378:
4295:
3907:
3646:
3318:
2086:
1954:
499:, philosophical interest in the remains of
11270:
11256:
10719:
10705:
10177:Books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera
9540:
9526:
8928:
8914:
8480:
8433:
8425:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
8377:. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.
8240:
8227:
7958:
7921:
7912:
7903:
7894:
7885:
7860:Cultural Anthropology: The human challenge
7762:
7532:The Cambridge Illustrated History of China
7442:
7405:
7135:
6981:"Flatbush African Burial Ground Coalition"
6544:
5854:In: The Wall Street Journal, 2 March 2015.
5483:
5447:
5438:
5402:
5384:
5375:
5366:
5357:
4945:State University of New York at Binghamton
4932:
4914:
4905:
4841:
4832:
4823:
4814:
4805:
4796:
4769:
4760:
4751:
4491:. In Hicks, Dan; Stevenson, Alice (eds.).
4414:Everill, P. (2009). "Invisible pioneers".
4159:
4157:
4125:Theory in Archaeology: A World Perspective
3816:The Cambridge Illustrated History of China
3602:
3138:List of archaeological excavations by date
2697:Repatriation and reburial of human remains
2563:An example of this type is the writing of
1765:to ensure that all features are apparent.
1461:expensive, so archaeologists often employ
440:in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries.
98:. It is usually considered an independent
9724:Disaster preparedness (cultural property)
8442:
7981:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7967:
7535:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7460:
7260:
7178:
7149:
6694:
6476:
6462:
6447:
6399:
6363:. Archaeological Legacy Institute (ALI).
6340:
6311:
6288:
6128:"Volunteers restore antique Miller Cabin"
6060:
5509:
5348:
4351:. Random House Publishing Group. p.
3572:
3303:
3274:
3057: – Glossary for archaeological terms
2620:In 1937, W. F. Hodge the Director of the
2200:Learn how and when to remove this message
2028:
774:(1754–1810). He undertook excavations in
488:, but were always considered a branch of
9624:Conservation science (cultural property)
8484:Archaeological Approaches to the Present
7970:Ethnoarchaeology of Andean South America
7917:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7401:. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
7165:Woodside, R.; Huggett-Jones, S. (2022).
6881:
6697:The African Diaspora and The Disciplines
6493:Ramses II: Magnificence on the Nile
5924:
4342:
4236:
3921:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
3724:"The History of Archaeology Part 1"
3717:
3715:
3021: – Change to an archaeological site
2820:was the director of research during the
2588:
2386:
2371:
2324:
2127:as well as computer-based tools such as
1814:Five of the seven known fossil teeth of
1809:
1676:
1657:
1642:
1506:
1476:
1419:
1347:
1032:
934:
888:
857:
749:
651:
639:
371:
359:
102:, but may also be classified as part of
38:
8806:Robert J. Sharer & Wendy Ashmore –
8196:. New York: Cambridge university Press.
7414:(4). University of New Mexico: 317–25.
7246:
7005:
6947:Architects' Journal (6 December 2021).
6915:
6719:
6602:
6433:
6326:
6075:
5989:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5161:
5159:
5026:
4585:MacGillivray, Joseph Alexander (2000).
4529:"Sir William Flinders Petrie 1853–1942"
4154:
3554:
3176:
3148:List of archaeological sites by country
2855:African American Burial Grounds Network
2627:Archaeological Resources Protection Act
2253:Department for Culture, Media and Sport
1481:Archaeologists surveying a site in the
808:. His excavations were prompted by the
90:. Archaeology can be considered both a
14:
11967:
8619:
7827:Journal of Anthropological Archaeology
7373:
6818:
6505:
6385:
5489:
5282:from the original on 28 September 2014
5267:
5165:
4983:
4938:
4600:Renfrew, Colin; Bahn, Paul G. (2015).
4433:Renfrew, Colin; Bahn, Paul G. (2015).
4202:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3519:
2867:Newton Enslaved Burial Ground Memorial
2822:New York African Burial Ground Project
2656:have illustrated the tensions between
1119:. For many literate cultures, such as
738:" and the father of the discipline of
704:, had a big impact throughout Europe.
541:. He was called by his contemporaries
313:) was discovered and analysed by king
158:means "the study of ancient history".
11251:
11172:National Endowment for the Humanities
11157:Humanities, arts, and social sciences
10700:
9521:
8909:
8557:Archaeology: The Discipline of Things
7906:The Archaeology of Contextual Meaning
7351:. Correct spelling. 9 February 2012.
7325:from the original on 27 February 2021
7312:
7207:
7117:from the original on 15 December 2021
7091:from the original on 15 December 2021
7065:from the original on 15 December 2021
6987:from the original on 14 November 2021
6961:from the original on 15 December 2021
6894:from the original on 15 December 2021
6863:from the original on 15 December 2021
6770:from the original on 15 December 2021
6676:from the original on 18 February 2006
6645:from the original on 22 December 2019
6298:Single, Adam; Davies, Louise (2021).
5765:
5041:from the original on 22 December 2017
5027:Sánchez, Rosalía (25 February 2015).
4880:
4509:from the original on 19 November 2018
4486:
4263:"WINCKELMANN, Johann Joachim (1779)"
4209:John Aubrey and the Realm of Learning
4128:. Taylor & Francis. p. 192.
3818:(paperback ed.). Cambridge, UK:
3780:
3762:from the original on 27 December 2013
3730:from the original on 19 November 2016
3712:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3504:
3423:from the original on 21 December 2019
3127: – Archaeological sub-discipline
3121: – Archaeological sub-discipline
3033: – Sub-discipline of archaeology
3012: – archaeological sub-discipline
3000: – Archaeological sub-discipline
2994: – Sub-discipline of archaeology
2982: – Sub-discipline of archaeology
2842:University of California, Los Angeles
2735:The remains and artifacts, including
2647:
2629:was in 1992 in the State of Indiana.
2423:
2271:, the same responsibilities lie with
1874:Computational and virtual archaeology
459:established the tradition of Chinese
11901:
11167:Moscow University for the Humanities
11138:Arts and Humanities Research Council
11095:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
8230:Archaeological Review from Cambridge
7408:Southwestern Journal of Anthropology
7355:from the original on 15 January 2021
7297:participating institution membership
6928:from the original on 8 December 2021
6800:from the original on 2 February 2021
6757:
6216:from the original on 15 January 2020
6136:. Rapid City, SD. 14 November 2008.
6022:Anthropological Studies Center (ASC)
5613:
5308:. Society for American Archaeology.
5224:
5156:
5059:
4531:. Palestine Exploration Fund. 2000.
4464:Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum
4324:
4296:Winckelmann, Johann Joachim (2006).
4121:
4064:from the original on 27 October 2021
4004:from the original on 27 October 2021
3526:on non-professional metal-detecting"
2544:
2149:
1792:sheets are filled in describing the
1139:of court or temple. The literacy of
746:Development of archaeological method
718:In the mid-18th century, the German
635:
609:transcriptions of Roman inscriptions
11277:
8640:from the original on 17 August 2021
8607:from the original on 19 August 2021
8574:from the original on 17 August 2021
8541:from the original on 16 August 2021
8366:A History of Archaeological Thought
7862:(13th ed.). Cengage Learning.
7470:Billman, B.R.; Feinman, G. (1999).
6983:. flatbushafricanburialground.org.
6882:McGreevy, Nora (29 December 2020).
6663:
5312:from the original on 25 August 2017
4881:Steve, Graham (17 September 1999).
4627:
3891:A History of Archaeological Thought
3685:
3635:
2838:University of California, Riverside
2281:Northern Ireland Environment Agency
2064:
698:Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79
521:was a restlessly itinerant Italian
24:
9809:Preservation (library and archive)
8626:. London and New York: Routledge.
8511:
8291:Tassie, G J.; Owens, L.S. (2010).
7961:Theory and Practice in Archaeology
7615:10.1038/scientificamerican0867-119
7588:from the original on 9 August 2020
7006:Gaffney, Austyn (19 August 2020).
6916:Gershon, Livia (8 December 2021).
6819:Lepore, Jill (24 September 2021).
6722:Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology
6367:from the original on 21 March 2018
6140:from the original on 12 April 2011
5779:from the original on 29 April 2009
5753:from the original on 26 April 2009
5727:from the original on 30 April 2009
5212:from the original on 5 August 2019
5166:Bawaya, Michael (8 January 2010).
4965:from the original on 25 April 2016
4941:Archaeological Sampling Strategies
4893:from the original on 20 April 2018
4633:
4566:from the original on 17 March 2013
4060:(Online ed.). 28 April 2021.
4034:from the original on 22 April 2016
4030:(Online ed.). 14 April 2021.
3781:Hirst, K. Kris (9 February 2017).
3589:
3555:Banning, Edward B. (29 May 2019).
3532:(blog). de Gruyter. Archived from
3461:from the original on 9 August 2020
3325:The Oxford Handbook of Archaeology
2964:Archaeology of religion and ritual
2771:boxes lined with red cedar chips,
2522:and archaeological holiday tours.
2472:Diving on the Queen Anne's Revenge
2308:State Historic Preservation Office
2226:National Historic Preservation Act
1940:, employing open source software.
613:Miscellanea eruditae antiquitatis.
47:, an archaeological site in Spain.
25:
11996:
8835:
8808:Archaeology: Discovering our Past
8791:Magnetic Surveying in Archaeology
8694:Thomas Hester, Harry Shafer, and
8337:Tilley, Christopher, ed. (1993).
8264:Journal of Archaeological Science
8086:. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd.
6833:from the original on 31 July 2022
6246:from the original on 3 April 2015
6190:from the original on 13 June 2015
5903:from the original on 26 July 2020
5649:from the original on 21 June 2008
5587:Journal of Archaeological Science
5268:Hudson, Hal (24 September 2014).
4642:. Staff.ncl.ac.uk. Archived from
4103:from the original on 31 July 2022
3795:from the original on 11 June 2011
3721:
3667:from the original on 10 June 2020
3623:from the original on 11 June 2020
3447:. Oxford University Press. 2001.
3039: – Specialisation of history
2896:Golden Rock African Burial Ground
2873:. The Ghanaian-British architect
2391:Permanent exhibition in a German
1647:Excavations at the 3800-year-old
1374:
1045:. The Child was an infant of the
754:Artifacts discovered at the 1808
387:The science of archaeology (from
328:the sun god, the warrior goddess
257:Extract describing the excavation
11952:
11924:
11913:
11900:
11889:
11888:
10663:Conservation-restoration of the
10539:Indigenous intellectual property
9500:
9490:
9489:
8870:
8438:. Palo Alto, CA: National Press.
8080:Renfrew, C.; Bahn, P.G. (1991).
7915:The Uses of Style in Archaeology
7845:from the original on 4 June 2020
7529:Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999).
7337:
7313:Hirst, K. Kris (24 March 2018).
7269:
7240:
7201:
7187:
7158:
7129:
7103:
7077:
7045:
7032:
6999:
6973:
6940:
6875:
6845:
6812:
6782:
6751:
6738:
6713:
6688:
6627:
6603:Strauss, Mark (20 August 2015).
6596:
6456:
6427:
6408:
6379:
6320:
6266:"Blackbeard's glowing shipwreck"
6258:
6228:
6202:
6152:
6076:Marwick, Ben (29 October 2020).
6069:
6036:
5961:"Romancing the Past-Archaeology"
5875:
5866:
5857:
5844:
5835:
5826:
5749:(main page). Historic Scotland.
5739:
5701:from the original on 21 May 2009
4553:
4535:from the original on 14 May 2011
4184:from the original on 10 May 2022
4167:Archaeology: The widening debate
4142:from the original on 10 May 2022
4000:(Online ed.). 31 May 2021.
3814:Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999).
3043:Geophysical survey (archaeology)
2975:Area of archaeological potential
2154:
1580:detect minute deviations in the
250:
236:
11843:List of social science journals
11215:Humanities in the United States
11063:American Journal of Archaeology
9774:Inventory (library and archive)
9674:Cultural property documentation
8935:
8662:New Perspectives in Archaeology
8243:Journal of European Archaeology
8201:Shanks, M.; Tilley, C. (1988).
8192:Shanks, M.; Tilley, C. (1987).
7979:Ideology, Power, and Prehistory
7389:
6794:Society of Black Archaeologists
6108:from the original on 3 May 2021
6082:Norwegian Archaeological Review
5324:
5294:
5261:
5104:
5053:
5020:
4977:
4951:
4874:
4593:
4578:
4547:
4521:
4480:
4451:
4426:
4407:
4372:
4336:
4299:History of the art of antiquity
4289:
4276:
4257:
4248:
4230:
4196:
4115:
4076:
4046:
4016:
3986:
3973:
3960:
3935:
3836:
3807:
3774:
3742:
3679:
3653:. Cengage Learning. p. 2.
3606:Great Adventures in Archaeology
3548:
3520:Markin, Pablo (10 April 2017).
3513:
3498:
3321:"The Discipline of Archaeology"
3110: – Study of ancient humans
2826:Society of Black Archaeologists
2761:Canadian Museum of Civilization
2688:
2602:Looting of archaeological sites
2288:Institut national du patrimoine
2108:
1903:models have been combined with
1863:while any texts can usually be
1409:
1202:cultural-historical archaeology
1153:and differential preservation.
617:Twelfth-century Indian scholar
343:
11800:Science and technology studies
11090:Journal of Controversial Ideas
10726:
10172:Bone, horn, and antler objects
9714:Digital photograph restoration
8828:University of California Press
8679:A Short History of Archaeology
7821:Gould, R.; Yellen, J. (1987).
7562:. In David L. Carrasco (ed.).
7420:10.1086/soutjanth.17.4.3628943
7085:"The Mass Grave in the Garden"
6062:10.26721/spafajournal.v4i0.625
5801:. ehsni.gov.uk. Archived from
4624:Renfrew and Bahn (2004 ):33–35
4212:. London: Duckworth. pp.
3435:
3405:
3345:
3319:Kristiansen, Kristian (2009).
3312:
3283:
3254:
3216:. Another uncommon variant is
3143:List of archaeological periods
3006: – Process in archaeology
2902:Climate change and archaeology
2861:, eight days after becoming a
2419:Current issues and controversy
1971:archaeological sub-disciplines
1891:are now used to build virtual
356:History of Chinese archaeology
298:, a foundation deposit of the
244:Nabonidus cylinder from Sippar
216:First instances of archaeology
13:
1:
10357:South Asian household shrines
10055:Reconstruction (architecture)
9985:Cultural property radiography
9942:Registrar (cultural property)
9694:Cultural resources management
9654:Collections management system
8522:Table of years in archaeology
8466:10.1080/00438243.1972.9979535
8203:Social Theory and Archaeology
8061:(inactive 17 September 2024).
8015:African Archaeological Review
7777:10.1080/00438243.1969.9979499
7636:10.1525/aa.1982.84.2.02a00010
7462:10.1525/aa.1961.63.4.02a00070
7136:Fluck, H.; Guest, K. (2022).
6094:10.1080/00293652.2020.1837233
5552:Journal of Social Archaeology
5134:10.1080/10256016.2019.1598986
4638:Archaeology – an introduction
4330:
3981:Cyriacus of Ancona and Athens
3236:
3114:Remote sensing in archaeology
3091:Magnetic survey (archaeology)
2707:groups and scientists is the
2336:fact-finding mission in Libya
2320:
2214:Cultural resources management
2146:Cultural resources management
2140:Cultural resources management
2129:geographic information system
1681:An archaeologist sifting for
1632:
978:. Meanwhile, the work of Sir
626:
364:Archaeologists excavating in
318:
307:
282:
271:
224:
176:Archaeology developed out of
11110:Revue des Études Arméniennes
10626:Conservation-restoration of
10617:Conservation-restoration of
9990:Detachment of wall paintings
9764:Intangible cultural heritage
9679:Cultural property exhibition
9664:Cultural heritage management
9074:electrical resistance survey
8861:Resources in other libraries
8700:Field Methods in Archaeology
8518:Bibliography of anthropology
8487:. New York: Academic Press.
7839:10.1016/0278-4165(87)90017-1
7345:"Archaeology vs. archeology"
7226:10.1126/science.346.6206.157
6758:Wade, Lizzie (8 July 2021).
6183:Mystery Mardi Gras Shipwreck
5195:10.1126/science.327.5962.140
4284:Winckelmann: Writings on Art
3845:The Journal of Asian Studies
3193: 'ancient' and
2793:African diaspora archaeology
2787:African diaspora archaeology
2759:. They had been part of the
2368:Popular views of archaeology
2218:Cultural heritage management
1267:, which has become known as
451:(960–1279), figures such as
32:Archaeology (disambiguation)
7:
10070:Transfer of panel paintings
8689:Introduction to Archaeology
7899:. New York: Academic Press.
7374:Little, Barbara J. (2006).
7013:National Geographic Society
6463:Aitchison, Kenneth (2021).
6024:. Sonoma.edu. 17 April 2018
6018:"Public Education/Outreach"
5639:"Department of Archaeology"
5471:Saraydar and Shimada (1973)
5462:Saraydar and Shimada (1971)
3755:Online Etymology Dictionary
3603:Silverberg, Robert (1997).
3251:Renfrew and Bahn (2004 :13)
3200: 'study of'. Although
3163:List of paleoethnobotanists
3103:Nationalism and archaeology
3051: – Aspect of GIS usage
2917:
2892:Godet African Burial Ground
2481:Created and co-produced by
2355:United Nations peacekeeping
2180:the claims made and adding
1799:
1768:The next task is to form a
1707:Primary Laws of Archaeology
1616:Portable Antiquities Scheme
1269:post-processual archaeology
1165:for millions of years (see
1090:and eventually into modern
853:Christian Jürgensen Thomsen
686:Roque Joaquín de Alcubierre
465:Chinese bronze inscriptions
121:Archaeologists study human
18:Excavations, Archaeological
10:
12001:
10534:Heritage language learning
9804:Optical media preservation
8963:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
8515:
8255:10.1179/096576693800731190
8194:Reconstructing Archaeology
8008:. New York, NY: Routledge.
6670:Canadian Geographic Online
6434:Dediala, Ričardas (2021).
5426:Schott and Sillitoe (2005)
4929:Billman and Feinman (1999)
3983:, Bruxelles-Berchem, 1960.
3889:Trigger, Bruce G. (2006).
3820:Cambridge University Press
3650:Archaeology: Down to Earth
3158:List of archaeology awards
2790:
2584:
2548:
2143:
2112:
2090:
2068:
2032:
1958:
1877:
1803:
1636:
1413:
1343:
1222:direct historical approach
1192:
1051:species, an early form of
1048:Australopithecus africanus
1028:
1021:became more prevalent and
849:Jacques Boucher de Perthes
720:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
578:topography of ancient Rome
412:
402:
392:
353:
347:
223:Excavations of Nabonidus (
208:
204:
29:
11884:
11851:
11835:
11582:
11308:
11285:
11225:Outline of the humanities
11205:Criticism of mass culture
11185:
11177:National Humanities Medal
11130:
11055:
10886:
10734:
10602:
10574:Oral history preservation
10415:
10144:
10088:
9955:
9857:
9689:Cultural property storage
9684:Cultural property imaging
9559:
9485:
9437:
9332:
9225:
9169:
9118:
9109:
9044:Philosophy of archaeology
9031:
8943:
8856:Resources in your library
8769:, AltaMira Press (2000).
8726:10.1007/s11759-014-9250-y
8590:Archaeology in the Making
8284:10.1016/j.jas.2004.11.012
8059:10.1177/14634990122228638
8027:10.1007/s10437-005-3158-2
7445:"Experimental Archeology"
7284:Oxford English Dictionary
6327:Wilkins, Brendon (2021).
5607:10.1016/j.jas.2009.06.025
4959:"Kite aerial photography"
4393:10.1017/S000358151000003X
4343:Robinson, Walter (1995).
3505:Bueno, Christina (2016).
3031:Environmental archaeology
3019:Disturbance (archaeology)
2998:Computational archaeology
2803:Trans-Saharan Slave Trade
2376:Extensive excavations at
2351:Blue Shield International
2334:Blue Shield International
1926:
1880:Computational archaeology
1639:Archaeological excavation
1188:
1037:Cast of the skull of the
1003:grid system of excavation
958:, on the site of ancient
11210:Educational essentialism
10847:Interdisciplinary fields
10621:by Elías García Martínez
9839:Sustainable preservation
8620:Shanks, Michael (1992).
8339:Interpretive Archaeology
7963:. London, UK: Routeldge.
7904:Hodder, I., ed. (1987).
6609:National Geographic News
5927:Near Eastern Archaeology
5564:10.1177/1469605312439139
4748:Shanks and Tilley (1988)
4739:Shanks and Tilley (1987)
4495:. Oxford: Archaeopress.
4270:8 September 2021 at the
4058:Encyclopaedia Britannica
4028:Encyclopaedia Britannica
3998:Encyclopaedia Britannica
3851:(2): 169–177, esp. 171.
3169:
2807:Indian Ocean Slave Trade
2721:Kitigan Zibi reservation
2579:Ancient astronaut theory
2098:Experimental archaeology
2093:Experimental archaeology
2087:Experimental archaeology
1987:Near Eastern archaeology
1961:Subfields of archaeology
1955:Academic sub-disciplines
1834:post-excavation analysis
1806:Post-excavation analysis
1717:with nearby objects and
1560:ground-penetrating radar
1310:structural functionalism
1288:neo-evolutionary thought
1277:historical processualism
1206:historical particularism
810:"Moundbuilders" question
688:in the ancient towns of
161:The discipline involves
137:, which is the study of
106:(in North America – the
11488:international relations
10579:Preservation of meaning
10564:Language revitalization
10232:Illuminated manuscripts
10010:Historic paint analysis
9902:Conservation technician
9704:Deaccessioning (museum)
9644:Collections maintenance
9569:Agents of deterioration
8901:The Archaeology Channel
8006:Dominion and Resistance
7968:Kuznar, L, ed. (2001).
7624:American Anthropologist
7449:American Anthropologist
7289:Oxford University Press
6386:Sloane, Barney (2021).
5480:Gifford-Gonzalez (1985)
4286:(London: Phaidon) 1972.
4083:Singh, Upinder (2009).
3329:Oxford University Press
3212:in accordance with the
3055:Glossary of archaeology
2836:, archaeologist at the
2834:Ayana Omilade Flewellen
2535:The Archaeology Channel
2054:. When remnants of the
2003:battlefield archaeology
1629:, or sub-bottom sonar.
906:William Flinders Petrie
644:An early photograph of
625:which was completed in
150:to reconstructing past
11815:Quantum social science
10998:Liberal arts education
10589:Tradition preservation
10242:Iron and steel objects
10131:Outdoor bronze objects
10075:UVC-based preservation
9932:Photograph conservator
9897:Conservation scientist
9649:Collections management
9579:Archaeological science
8653:Archaeology (magazine)
8436:Settlement Archaeology
8373:Watters, M.R. (1992).
8364:Trigger, B.G. (1989).
8312:A Study of Archaeology
8047:Anthropological Theory
7558:Fash, William (2001).
7208:Curry, Andrew (2014).
6748:2020 61:S22, S183-S197
6361:archaeologychannel.org
6212:. State Publications.
6160:"Mardi Gras Shipwreck"
5695:"Historic environment"
5302:"What is archaeology?"
5082:10.1098/rsta.1970.0090
3917:Clunas, Craig (2004).
3574:10.1515/opar-2019-0013
3153:List of archaeologists
2959:Archaeology and racism
2953:Archaeological science
2598:
2455:Shipwreck Project was
2396:
2384:
2337:
2241:material consideration
2115:Archaeological science
2035:Historical archaeology
2029:Historical archaeology
2007:archaeological culture
1845:archaeological science
1829:
1778:archaeological section
1690:
1674:
1655:
1623:underwater archaeology
1598:electrical resistivity
1582:Earth's magnetic field
1512:
1488:
1429:
1362:
1242:processual archaeology
1117:historical archaeology
1055:
951:
902:
880:Typology (archaeology)
876:arranged his artifacts
864:
827:work of scholars like
767:
657:
649:
490:Chinese historiography
436:took place during the
384:
369:
211:History of archaeology
48:
11852:Other categorizations
11705:International studies
11690:History of technology
11625:Communication studies
11508:public administration
11074:History of Humanities
10594:Traditional knowledge
10559:Language preservation
10167:Ancient Greek pottery
10065:Textile stabilization
9927:Paintings conservator
9814:Preservation metadata
9699:Database preservation
9553:historic preservation
9054:Archaeological ethics
9049:Archaeological diving
9039:Archaeological theory
8765:Adrian Praetzellis –
8593:. London: Routledge.
8411:Willey, G.R. (1953).
8310:Taylor, W.W. (1948).
7038:marjolijn kok, 2022.
6666:"Bones of contention"
5775:. Cadw.wales.gov.uk.
5490:Frison, G.C. (1989).
5399:Gould and Yellen 1987
4939:Redman, C.L. (1974).
4784:Miller and Tilley1984
4458:Bowden, Mark (1984).
3290:Sinclair, A. (2022).
3261:Sinclair, A. (2016).
3079:Landscape archaeology
3037:Environmental history
2992:Classical archaeology
2719:area convened on the
2592:
2570:Chariots of the Gods?
2527:Community archaeology
2503:Community archaeology
2393:multi-storey car park
2390:
2375:
2328:
2052:African Burial Ground
1999:landscape archaeology
1913:Agent-based modelling
1813:
1680:
1661:
1646:
1510:
1480:
1423:
1416:Archaeological survey
1360:
1330:postcolonial thoughts
1195:Archaeological theory
1131:classes, such as the
1072:evolution of humanity
1036:
948:Maiden Castle, Dorset
944:systematic excavation
938:
892:
861:
753:
655:
643:
375:
363:
354:Further information:
68:archaeological record
42:
11685:Historical sociology
11230:Renaissance humanism
11162:Master of Humanities
10382:Time-based media art
10192:Copper-based objects
10106:Archaeological sites
10035:Mass deacidification
9980:Cradling (paintings)
9892:Conservator-restorer
9719:Digital preservation
8993:Augustus Pitt Rivers
8988:William Henry Holmes
8953:Archaeological sites
8786:, 2nd edition (1996)
8753:Internet Archaeology
8341:. Oxford, UK: Berg.
7877:Hinshaw, J. (2000).
7518:Internet Archaeology
7253:Internet Archaeology
7247:Kadakas, U. (2022).
7171:Internet Archaeology
7142:Internet Archaeology
6922:Smithsonian Magazine
6888:Smithsonian Magazine
6746:Current Anthropology
6469:Internet Archaeology
6440:Internet Archaeology
6392:Internet Archaeology
6333:Internet Archaeology
6304:Internet Archaeology
5992:Internet Archaeology
5723:. English Heritage.
5540:Glascock et al. 1994
5417:Sillet et al. (2006)
4885:. Feature Articles.
4857:Pauketat, Timothy R.
4793:Miller et al. (1989)
3522:"A special issue of
3296:Internet Archaeology
3267:Internet Archaeology
3220:, using the archaic
3097:Maritime archaeology
2986:Chronological dating
2871:Atlantic slave trade
2850:United States Senate
2799:Atlantic Slave Trade
2575:palaeocontact theory
2520:training excavations
2483:Nautilus Productions
2479:on 19 February 2009.
2452:Queen Anne's Revenge
2255:in association with
1995:Medieval archaeology
1322:feminist archaeology
1247:In the 1980s, a new
1108:and the creation of
1104:, the beginnings of
1068:The Oldowan Industry
1015:maritime archaeology
872:Augustus Pitt Rivers
666:megalithic monuments
438:Enlightenment period
187:feminist archaeology
183:maritime archaeology
94:and a branch of the
30:For other uses, see
11865:Geisteswissenschaft
11859:Behavioral sciences
11785:Political sociology
11700:Information science
11645:Development studies
11149:Geisteswissenschaft
11115:Teaching Philosophy
10894:Abductive reasoning
10686:World Heritage Site
10549:Indigenous language
10449:Endangered language
10347:Shipwreck artifacts
10327:Photographic plates
10277:Musical instruments
10030:Lining of paintings
9947:Textile conservator
9922:Objects conservator
9912:Exhibition designer
9819:Preservation survey
9744:Found in collection
9634:Collection (museum)
9604:Calendar (archives)
9574:Archival processing
8983:John Lloyd Stephens
8973:Heinrich Schliemann
8830:, Berkeley CA, 2002
8760:Sites and Monuments
8481:Yellen, J. (1977).
8434:Willey, G. (1968).
8396:2000Gearc..15..537W
8276:2005JArSc..32..653S
7959:Hodder, I. (1992).
7886:Hodder, I. (1982).
7666:1994JRNC..180...29G
7603:Scientific American
7443:Ascher, R. (1961).
7382:on 5 December 2009.
7287:(Online ed.).
7020:on 15 December 2021
5939:10.1086/NEA25067670
5805:on 25 December 2007
5799:"Built Environment"
5747:"Historic Scotland"
5675:on 12 February 2008
5599:2009JArSc..36.2502S
5350:10.3390/rel11120678
5187:2010Sci...327..140B
5126:2019IEHS...55..227A
5074:1970RSPTA.269..121H
4560:thegreatcourses.com
4487:Hicks, Dan (2013).
4416:British Archaeology
4381:Antiquaries Journal
4349:Instant Art History
4214:156–57, 162–66, 181
4122:Ucko, P.J. (2005).
3375:10.1038/nature14464
3367:2015Natur.521..310H
3010:Digital archaeology
2828:was created in the
2614:illicit antiquities
2608:were looted during
2409:Valley of the Kings
2246:developer's expense
2230:archaeological site
2216:(CRM), also called
2133:Rare earth elements
1991:Islamic archaeology
1884:Virtual archaeology
1709:). Likewise, their
1649:Edgewater Park Site
1621:Regional survey in
1518:is conducted using
1468:settlement patterns
1424:Satellite image of
1220:etc.) followed the
1100:, the discovery of
1082:developed from the
992:Minoan civilization
964:Heinrich Schliemann
479:published in 1088,
311: 2200 BC
296:Ancient Mesopotamia
275: 2200 BC
108:four-field approach
100:academic discipline
88:cultural landscapes
11920:Society portal
11407:auxiliary sciences
11236:Studia Humanitatis
10544:Indigenous culture
9887:Collection manager
9784:Media preservation
9779:Inventory (museum)
9639:Collection catalog
9507:History portal
9069:geophysical survey
8810:2nd edition (1993)
8797:David Hurst Thomas
8782:& Paul Bahn –
8702:7th edition (1997)
8148:American Antiquity
8111:American Antiquity
7924:American Antiquity
7786:American Antiquity
7728:American Antiquity
7691:American Antiquity
7674:10.1007/BF02039899
7481:American Antiquity
6562:American Antiquity
6509:American Antiquity
6357:"Our organization"
6133:Rapid City Journal
5965:Denison University
5497:American Antiquity
4986:American Antiquity
4667:American Antiquity
4646:on 23 January 2013
3966:Edward W. Bodnar,
3536:on 28 October 2019
3108:Palaeoanthropology
3049:GIS in archaeology
2925:Aerial archaeology
2675:indigenous peoples
2648:Descendant peoples
2599:
2558:post-processualism
2497:Meet the Ancestors
2424:Public archaeology
2397:
2385:
2338:
2165:possibly contains
1830:
1691:
1675:
1656:
1574:Geophysical survey
1513:
1489:
1430:
1363:
1257:Christopher Tilley
1084:australopithecines
1056:
1023:rescue archaeology
976:Hellenistic period
952:
950:, in October 1937.
903:
865:
772:William Cunnington
768:
764:William Cunnington
760:Richard Colt Hoare
758:excavation by Sir
736:modern archaeology
658:
650:
570:(in six volumes).
543:pater antiquitatis
519:Cyriacus of Ancona
497:Renaissance Europe
430:Richard Colt Hoare
385:
377:Cyriacus of Ancona
370:
322: 550 BC
286: 550 BC
268:Naram-Sin of Akkad
49:
11985:Fields of history
11940:
11939:
11780:Political economy
11775:Political ecology
11630:Community studies
11620:Cognitive science
11583:Interdisciplinary
11483:Political science
11245:
11244:
10965:General knowledge
10948:Cultural literacy
10882:
10881:
10816:Religious studies
10752:Classical studies
10694:
10693:
10643:Pompeian frescoes
10529:Heritage language
10419:cultural heritage
10207:Flags and banners
10152:cultural property
10116:Heritage railways
10096:cultural property
10045:Paleo-inspiration
9729:Film preservation
9669:Cultural property
9659:Cultural heritage
9549:Cultural heritage
9515:
9514:
9433:
9432:
9415:Pseudoarchaeology
9032:Method and theory
8875:Works related to
8842:Library resources
8803:, 3rd. ed. (1998)
8775:978-0-7425-0359-5
8600:978-0-415-63480-9
8567:978-0-520-95400-7
8494:978-0-12-770350-3
8454:World Archaeology
8415:. Washington, DC.
8348:978-0-85496-842-8
8321:978-0-906367-12-4
8302:978-1-906137-17-5
8212:978-0-7456-0184-7
8093:978-0-500-27867-3
7988:978-0-521-25526-4
7888:Symbols in Action
7869:978-0-495-81082-7
7765:World Archaeology
7542:978-0-521-43519-2
7295:(Subscription or
7220:(6206): 157–159.
7210:"Racing the thaw"
7180:10.11141/ia.60.10
6731:978-3-030-30018-0
6615:on 22 August 2015
6449:10.11141/ia.57.11
6401:10.11141/ia.57.17
6342:10.11141/ia.57.18
6313:10.11141/ia.57.10
5963:(Press release).
5899:. 12 April 2019.
5278:. No. 2988.
5249:on 25 August 2013
5181:(5962): 140–141.
5068:(1193): 121–124.
4611:978-0-500-29159-7
4554:Harl, Kenneth W.
4502:978-1-905739-58-5
4444:978-0-500-29159-7
4242:The Elgin Marbles
4223:978-0-7156-0818-0
4177:978-0-19-726255-9
4135:978-1-134-84346-6
3726:. ThoughtCo.com.
3660:978-1-133-60864-6
3616:978-0-8032-9247-5
3454:978-0-19-510815-6
3419:. 28 March 2014.
3361:(7552): 310–315.
3305:10.11141/ia.59.10
3119:Urban archaeology
3085:Landscape history
2969:Archival research
2906:As anthropogenic
2757:Allumette Islands
2671:postprocessualism
2567:. His 1968 book,
2565:Erich von Däniken
2551:Pseudoarchaeology
2545:Pseudoarchaeology
2508:health and safety
2463:as a part of the
2362:Karl von Habsburg
2330:Karl von Habsburg
2273:Historic Scotland
2210:
2209:
2202:
2167:original research
2005:), or a specific
1889:Computer graphics
1611:English Civil War
1386:Satellite imagery
1358:
1306:cognitive science
1238:scientific method
1181:Pseudoarchaeology
1078:period, when the
1019:urban archaeology
962:, carried out by
804:burial mounds in
715:were overlooked.
636:First excavations
560:Egyptian pyramids
535:maritime republic
332:(both located in
195:pseudoarchaeology
169:, and eventually
16:(Redirected from
11992:
11957:
11956:
11955:
11948:
11928:
11918:
11917:
11904:
11903:
11892:
11891:
11795:Regional science
11640:Cultural studies
11615:Business studies
11272:
11265:
11258:
11249:
11248:
11032:Self-realization
10844:
10843:
10721:
10714:
10707:
10698:
10697:
10630:by Thomas Eakins
10628:The Gross Clinic
10524:Folklore studies
10434:Applied folklore
10407:Wooden furniture
10402:Wooden artifacts
10397:Woodblock prints
10377:Tibetan thangkas
10237:Insect specimens
10126:Outdoor artworks
10121:Historic gardens
9754:Heritage science
9542:
9535:
9528:
9519:
9518:
9505:
9504:
9503:
9493:
9492:
9340:Archaeoastronomy
9307:Paleoethnobotany
9116:
9115:
9018:Alfred V. Kidder
9003:Mortimer Wheeler
8930:
8923:
8916:
8907:
8906:
8874:
8737:
8696:Kenneth L. Feder
8649:
8647:
8645:
8616:
8614:
8612:
8583:
8581:
8579:
8550:
8548:
8546:
8506:
8477:
8448:
8439:
8430:
8424:
8416:
8407:
8378:
8369:
8360:
8333:
8306:
8287:
8258:
8237:
8224:
8197:
8188:
8179:
8142:
8105:
8076:
8070:
8062:
8038:
8009:
8000:
7973:
7964:
7955:
7918:
7909:
7900:
7891:
7882:
7873:
7854:
7852:
7850:
7817:
7780:
7759:
7722:
7685:
7648:
7639:
7618:
7597:
7595:
7593:
7554:
7525:
7512:
7475:
7466:
7464:
7439:
7402:
7384:
7383:
7371:
7365:
7364:
7362:
7360:
7341:
7335:
7334:
7332:
7330:
7310:
7301:
7300:
7292:
7280:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7264:
7262:10.11141/ia.60.9
7244:
7238:
7237:
7205:
7199:
7198:
7191:
7185:
7184:
7182:
7162:
7156:
7155:
7153:
7151:10.11141/ia.60.1
7133:
7127:
7126:
7124:
7122:
7113:. 19 July 2021.
7107:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7096:
7087:. 25 July 2017.
7081:
7075:
7074:
7072:
7070:
7061:. 21 July 2016.
7049:
7043:
7036:
7030:
7029:
7027:
7025:
7016:. Archived from
7003:
6997:
6996:
6994:
6992:
6977:
6971:
6970:
6968:
6966:
6944:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6933:
6913:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6899:
6879:
6873:
6872:
6870:
6868:
6849:
6843:
6842:
6840:
6838:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6807:
6805:
6786:
6780:
6779:
6777:
6775:
6755:
6749:
6742:
6736:
6735:
6717:
6711:
6710:
6692:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6681:
6664:Wallace, Katie.
6661:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6650:
6631:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6611:. Archived from
6600:
6594:
6593:
6557:
6551:
6548:
6542:
6541:
6503:
6497:
6496:
6489:
6483:
6482:
6480:
6478:10.11141/ia.57.8
6460:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6431:
6425:
6424:
6412:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6383:
6377:
6376:
6374:
6372:
6353:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6324:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6295:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6281:
6272:. Archived from
6262:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6251:
6242:. October 2001.
6232:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6206:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6195:
6178:
6172:
6171:
6166:. Archived from
6156:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6145:
6124:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6113:
6073:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6040:
6034:
6033:
6031:
6029:
6014:
6008:
6007:
6004:10.11141/ia.15.1
5987:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5976:
5967:. Archived from
5957:
5951:
5950:
5933:(3–4): 174–185.
5922:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5908:
5889:
5883:
5879:
5873:
5870:
5864:
5861:
5855:
5848:
5842:
5839:
5833:
5830:
5824:
5821:
5815:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5795:
5789:
5788:
5786:
5784:
5769:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5743:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5732:
5717:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5706:
5691:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5654:
5635:
5629:
5628:
5627:on 25 July 2008.
5623:. Archived from
5617:
5611:
5610:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5547:
5541:
5538:
5532:
5531:
5513:
5487:
5481:
5478:
5472:
5469:
5463:
5460:
5454:
5451:
5445:
5442:
5436:
5433:
5427:
5424:
5418:
5415:
5409:
5406:
5400:
5397:
5391:
5388:
5382:
5379:
5373:
5370:
5364:
5361:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5328:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5317:
5298:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5265:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5233:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5217:
5211:
5172:
5163:
5154:
5153:
5108:
5102:
5101:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5024:
5018:
5017:
4981:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4936:
4930:
4927:
4921:
4918:
4912:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4883:"Remote sensing"
4878:
4872:
4869:
4860:
4854:
4848:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4830:
4827:
4821:
4818:
4812:
4809:
4803:
4800:
4794:
4791:
4785:
4782:
4776:
4773:
4767:
4764:
4758:
4755:
4749:
4746:
4740:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4722:
4719:
4713:
4710:
4699:
4698:
4662:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4651:
4631:
4625:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4582:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4571:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4540:
4525:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4514:
4484:
4478:
4477:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4340:
4334:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4293:
4287:
4280:
4274:
4261:
4255:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4200:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4161:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4054:"William Camden"
4050:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4009:
3990:
3984:
3977:
3971:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3914:
3905:
3904:
3886:
3877:
3876:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3800:
3778:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3767:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3722:Hirst, K. Kris.
3719:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3699:
3692:
3688:"Lecture 2"
3686:Watrall, Ethan.
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3644:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3600:
3587:
3586:
3576:
3561:Open Archaeology
3552:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3524:Open Archaeology
3517:
3511:
3510:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3276:10.11141/ia.42.8
3258:
3252:
3249:
3230:
3214:GPO Style Manual
3180:
3015:
2936:Archaeoastronomy
2729:Algonquin people
2725:Maniwaki, Quebec
2658:Native Americans
2622:Southwest Museum
2516:local government
2480:
2447:underwater video
2269:Northern Ireland
2257:English Heritage
2205:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2185:
2182:inline citations
2158:
2157:
2150:
2076:Ethnoarchaeology
2071:Ethnoarchaeology
2065:Ethnoarchaeology
1936:to make a drone
1853:paleoethnobotany
1594:stone structures
1592:, some types of
1487:, eastern Jordan
1359:
1236:testing and the
1210:Native Americans
999:Mortimer Wheeler
972:Wilhelm Dörpfeld
940:Mortimer Wheeler
794:Thomas Jefferson
631:
628:
415:
414:
410:, "ancient" and
405:
404:
395:
394:
323:
320:
312:
309:
287:
284:
276:
273:
254:
240:
229:
226:
191:archaeoastronomy
64:material culture
21:
12000:
11999:
11995:
11994:
11993:
11991:
11990:
11989:
11965:
11964:
11963:
11953:
11951:
11943:
11941:
11936:
11912:
11880:
11847:
11831:
11805:Science studies
11589:Administration
11578:
11304:
11281:
11279:Social sciences
11276:
11246:
11241:
11181:
11126:
11051:
11037:Self-reflection
11027:Moral character
10986:Human condition
10938:Critical theory
10878:
10842:
10789:Performing arts
10730:
10725:
10695:
10690:
10637:The Last Supper
10604:
10598:
10584:Primitive music
10494:Folk instrument
10469:Family folklore
10459:Ethnomusicology
10454:Ethnochoreology
10421:
10418:
10411:
10332:Plastic objects
10317:Performance art
10302:Panel paintings
10297:Painting frames
10262:Leather objects
10182:Ceramic objects
10154:
10151:
10149:
10148:and restoration
10147:
10140:
10098:
10095:
10093:
10092:and restoration
10091:
10084:
10050:Paper splitting
9965:Aging (artwork)
9957:
9951:
9937:Preservationist
9859:
9853:
9709:Digital library
9561:
9555:
9546:
9516:
9511:
9501:
9499:
9481:
9429:
9328:
9243:Archaeogenetics
9221:
9165:
9111:Sub-disciplines
9105:
9101:Post-excavation
9096:Lithic analysis
9027:
8998:Flinders Petrie
8939:
8934:
8867:
8866:
8865:
8850:
8849:
8845:
8838:
8833:
8767:Death by Theory
8643:
8641:
8634:
8610:
8608:
8601:
8577:
8575:
8568:
8544:
8542:
8524:
8516:Main articles:
8514:
8512:Further reading
8509:
8495:
8418:
8417:
8349:
8322:
8303:
8295:. London: GHP.
8213:
8094:
8064:
8063:
7989:
7870:
7848:
7846:
7591:
7589:
7574:
7543:
7392:
7387:
7372:
7368:
7358:
7356:
7343:
7342:
7338:
7328:
7326:
7311:
7304:
7294:
7274:
7270:
7245:
7241:
7206:
7202:
7197:. October 2023.
7193:
7192:
7188:
7163:
7159:
7134:
7130:
7120:
7118:
7109:
7108:
7104:
7094:
7092:
7083:
7082:
7078:
7068:
7066:
7058:TheGuardian.com
7051:
7050:
7046:
7037:
7033:
7023:
7021:
7004:
7000:
6990:
6988:
6979:
6978:
6974:
6964:
6962:
6945:
6941:
6931:
6929:
6914:
6907:
6897:
6895:
6880:
6876:
6866:
6864:
6859:. 22 May 2019.
6851:
6850:
6846:
6836:
6834:
6817:
6813:
6803:
6801:
6788:
6787:
6783:
6773:
6771:
6756:
6752:
6743:
6739:
6732:
6718:
6714:
6707:
6693:
6689:
6679:
6677:
6662:
6658:
6648:
6646:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6618:
6616:
6601:
6597:
6558:
6554:
6549:
6545:
6504:
6500:
6491:
6490:
6486:
6461:
6457:
6432:
6428:
6413:
6409:
6384:
6380:
6370:
6368:
6355:
6354:
6350:
6325:
6321:
6296:
6289:
6279:
6277:
6276:on 2 April 2015
6264:
6263:
6259:
6249:
6247:
6234:
6233:
6229:
6219:
6217:
6208:
6207:
6203:
6193:
6191:
6180:
6179:
6175:
6170:on 16 May 2015.
6158:
6157:
6153:
6143:
6141:
6126:
6125:
6121:
6111:
6109:
6074:
6070:
6041:
6037:
6027:
6025:
6016:
6015:
6011:
5988:
5984:
5974:
5972:
5959:
5958:
5954:
5923:
5916:
5906:
5904:
5891:
5890:
5886:
5880:
5876:
5871:
5867:
5862:
5858:
5849:
5845:
5840:
5836:
5831:
5827:
5823:Flannery (1982)
5822:
5818:
5808:
5806:
5797:
5796:
5792:
5782:
5780:
5771:
5770:
5766:
5756:
5754:
5745:
5744:
5740:
5730:
5728:
5719:
5718:
5714:
5704:
5702:
5693:
5692:
5688:
5678:
5676:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5652:
5650:
5643:Sogaer.ex.ac.uk
5637:
5636:
5632:
5619:
5618:
5614:
5593:(11): 2502–06.
5583:
5579:
5548:
5544:
5539:
5535:
5488:
5484:
5479:
5475:
5470:
5466:
5461:
5457:
5452:
5448:
5443:
5439:
5435:Ogundele (2005)
5434:
5430:
5425:
5421:
5416:
5412:
5407:
5403:
5398:
5394:
5389:
5385:
5380:
5376:
5371:
5367:
5362:
5358:
5329:
5325:
5315:
5313:
5300:
5299:
5295:
5285:
5283:
5266:
5262:
5252:
5250:
5235:
5234:
5225:
5215:
5213:
5209:
5170:
5164:
5157:
5109:
5105:
5058:
5054:
5044:
5042:
5025:
5021:
4982:
4978:
4968:
4966:
4957:
4956:
4952:
4937:
4933:
4928:
4924:
4919:
4915:
4910:
4906:
4896:
4894:
4879:
4875:
4870:
4863:
4855:
4851:
4846:
4842:
4837:
4833:
4828:
4824:
4819:
4815:
4810:
4806:
4801:
4797:
4792:
4788:
4783:
4779:
4774:
4770:
4765:
4761:
4756:
4752:
4747:
4743:
4738:
4734:
4730:Flannery (1967)
4729:
4725:
4720:
4716:
4711:
4702:
4663:
4659:
4649:
4647:
4634:Greene, Kevin.
4632:
4628:
4623:
4619:
4612:
4598:
4594:
4583:
4579:
4569:
4567:
4552:
4548:
4538:
4536:
4527:
4526:
4522:
4512:
4510:
4503:
4485:
4481:
4474:
4456:
4452:
4445:
4431:
4427:
4412:
4408:
4377:
4373:
4363:
4341:
4337:
4329:
4325:
4310:
4294:
4290:
4281:
4277:
4272:Wayback Machine
4262:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4235:
4231:
4224:
4204:Hunter, Michael
4201:
4197:
4187:
4185:
4178:
4162:
4155:
4145:
4143:
4136:
4120:
4116:
4106:
4104:
4097:
4081:
4077:
4067:
4065:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4037:
4035:
4022:
4021:
4017:
4007:
4005:
3994:"Flavio Biondo"
3992:
3991:
3987:
3978:
3974:
3965:
3961:
3954:
3940:
3936:
3929:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3887:
3880:
3857:10.2307/2050010
3841:
3837:
3830:
3822:. p. 148.
3812:
3808:
3798:
3796:
3779:
3775:
3765:
3763:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3733:
3731:
3720:
3713:
3703:
3701:
3700:on 8 April 2014
3697:
3690:
3684:
3680:
3670:
3668:
3661:
3645:
3636:
3626:
3624:
3617:
3601:
3590:
3553:
3549:
3539:
3537:
3518:
3514:
3503:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3464:
3462:
3455:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3426:
3424:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3350:
3346:
3339:
3317:
3313:
3288:
3284:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3233:
3181:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3013:
2947:Archaeogenetics
2920:
2904:
2888:Dutch Caribbean
2795:
2789:
2715:nations in the
2691:
2650:
2587:
2553:
2547:
2426:
2421:
2370:
2323:
2286:In France, the
2206:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2171:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2142:
2117:
2111:
2095:
2089:
2081:hunter-gatherer
2073:
2067:
2044:medieval Europe
2037:
2031:
1975:lithic analysis
1963:
1957:
1929:
1886:
1878:Main articles:
1876:
1861:stable isotopes
1817:Homo luzonensis
1808:
1802:
1774:natural subsoil
1641:
1635:
1627:side-scan sonar
1606:metal detectors
1418:
1412:
1403:Laser altimeter
1377:
1348:
1346:
1197:
1191:
1167:Human evolution
1041:, uncovered in
1031:
1007:Kathleen Kenyon
825:paleontological
802:Native American
748:
678:field monuments
648:taken July 1877
638:
629:
381:Benozzo Gozzoli
358:
352:
346:
321:
310:
300:Akkadian Empire
292:
291:
290:
289:
285:
274:
260:
259:
258:
255:
247:
246:
241:
232:
231:
227:
218:
213:
207:
148:culture history
43:Excavations at
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11998:
11988:
11987:
11982:
11977:
11962:
11961:
11938:
11937:
11935:
11934:
11922:
11910:
11898:
11885:
11882:
11881:
11879:
11878:
11873:
11868:
11861:
11855:
11853:
11849:
11848:
11846:
11845:
11839:
11837:
11833:
11832:
11830:
11829:
11824:
11819:
11818:
11817:
11812:
11802:
11797:
11792:
11787:
11782:
11777:
11772:
11771:
11770:
11765:
11760:
11752:
11751:
11750:
11748:social science
11745:
11740:
11735:
11730:
11722:
11717:
11712:
11707:
11702:
11697:
11692:
11687:
11682:
11680:Global studies
11677:
11675:Gender studies
11672:
11667:
11666:
11665:
11660:
11658:social science
11654:Environmental
11652:
11647:
11642:
11637:
11632:
11627:
11622:
11617:
11612:
11607:
11602:
11601:
11600:
11595:
11586:
11584:
11580:
11579:
11577:
11576:
11575:
11574:
11569:
11564:
11559:
11554:
11544:
11543:
11542:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11522:
11512:
11511:
11510:
11505:
11500:
11495:
11490:
11480:
11479:
11478:
11468:
11467:
11466:
11461:
11456:
11451:
11446:
11436:
11435:
11434:
11429:
11424:
11419:
11414:
11409:
11404:
11394:
11393:
11392:
11387:
11382:
11377:
11367:
11366:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11353:macroeconomics
11350:
11348:microeconomics
11340:
11339:
11338:
11333:
11328:
11323:
11312:
11310:
11306:
11305:
11303:
11302:
11297:
11292:
11286:
11283:
11282:
11275:
11274:
11267:
11260:
11252:
11243:
11242:
11240:
11239:
11232:
11227:
11222:
11217:
11212:
11207:
11202:
11201:
11200:
11189:
11187:
11183:
11182:
11180:
11179:
11174:
11169:
11164:
11159:
11154:
11153:
11152:
11140:
11134:
11132:
11128:
11127:
11125:
11124:
11117:
11112:
11107:
11102:
11097:
11092:
11087:
11082:
11077:
11070:
11065:
11059:
11057:
11053:
11052:
11050:
11049:
11044:
11039:
11034:
11029:
11024:
11023:
11022:
11012:
11011:
11010:
11005:
10995:
10988:
10983:
10978:
10972:
10967:
10962:
10961:
10960:
10950:
10945:
10940:
10935:
10930:
10923:
10920:Belles-lettres
10916:
10911:
10906:
10904:Antipositivism
10901:
10896:
10890:
10888:
10884:
10883:
10880:
10879:
10877:
10876:
10871:
10866:
10861:
10856:
10850:
10848:
10841:
10840:
10839:
10838:
10833:
10828:
10818:
10813:
10808:
10807:
10806:
10801:
10796:
10786:
10781:
10780:
10779:
10774:
10769:
10759:
10754:
10749:
10744:
10738:
10736:
10732:
10731:
10724:
10723:
10716:
10709:
10701:
10692:
10691:
10689:
10688:
10683:
10678:
10673:
10668:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10645:
10640:
10632:
10623:
10614:
10608:
10606:
10600:
10599:
10597:
10596:
10591:
10586:
10581:
10576:
10571:
10569:Living history
10566:
10561:
10556:
10554:Language death
10551:
10546:
10541:
10536:
10531:
10526:
10521:
10516:
10511:
10506:
10501:
10496:
10491:
10489:Folk etymology
10486:
10481:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10461:
10456:
10451:
10446:
10441:
10439:Dance notation
10436:
10431:
10425:
10423:
10413:
10412:
10410:
10409:
10404:
10399:
10394:
10389:
10384:
10379:
10374:
10369:
10364:
10359:
10354:
10352:Silver objects
10349:
10344:
10339:
10334:
10329:
10324:
10319:
10314:
10309:
10304:
10299:
10294:
10289:
10284:
10279:
10274:
10269:
10264:
10259:
10254:
10249:
10244:
10239:
10234:
10229:
10224:
10219:
10214:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10194:
10189:
10184:
10179:
10174:
10169:
10164:
10158:
10156:
10142:
10141:
10139:
10138:
10136:Outdoor murals
10133:
10128:
10123:
10118:
10113:
10108:
10102:
10100:
10086:
10085:
10083:
10082:
10077:
10072:
10067:
10062:
10060:Rissverklebung
10057:
10052:
10047:
10042:
10037:
10032:
10027:
10022:
10017:
10012:
10007:
10002:
9997:
9992:
9987:
9982:
9977:
9975:Arrested decay
9972:
9967:
9961:
9959:
9958:and techniques
9953:
9952:
9950:
9949:
9944:
9939:
9934:
9929:
9924:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9863:
9861:
9855:
9854:
9852:
9851:
9846:
9841:
9836:
9831:
9826:
9821:
9816:
9811:
9806:
9801:
9796:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9756:
9751:
9749:Heritage asset
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9716:
9711:
9706:
9701:
9696:
9691:
9686:
9681:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9656:
9651:
9646:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9594:Bioarchaeology
9591:
9586:
9581:
9576:
9571:
9565:
9563:
9557:
9556:
9545:
9544:
9537:
9530:
9522:
9513:
9512:
9510:
9509:
9497:
9486:
9483:
9482:
9480:
9479:
9474:
9473:
9472:
9470:Assyriologists
9467:
9460:Archaeologists
9457:
9452:
9451:
9450:
9441:
9439:
9435:
9434:
9431:
9430:
9428:
9427:
9422:
9417:
9412:
9407:
9402:
9397:
9392:
9387:
9382:
9377:
9372:
9367:
9362:
9357:
9352:
9347:
9342:
9336:
9334:
9330:
9329:
9327:
9326:
9321:
9316:
9315:
9314:
9312:Zooarchaeology
9309:
9304:
9302:Geoarchaeology
9294:
9293:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9272:
9267:
9266:
9265:
9263:Paleopathology
9260:
9255:
9250:
9245:
9238:Bioarchaeology
9235:
9229:
9227:
9226:Methodological
9223:
9222:
9220:
9219:
9214:
9209:
9204:
9199:
9194:
9189:
9184:
9179:
9173:
9171:
9167:
9166:
9164:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9122:
9120:
9113:
9107:
9106:
9104:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9083:
9082:
9081:
9076:
9071:
9061:
9056:
9051:
9046:
9041:
9035:
9033:
9029:
9028:
9026:
9025:
9020:
9015:
9010:
9008:Dorothy Garrod
9005:
9000:
8995:
8990:
8985:
8980:
8975:
8970:
8965:
8960:
8958:Antiquarianism
8955:
8949:
8947:
8941:
8940:
8933:
8932:
8925:
8918:
8910:
8904:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8881:
8880:
8864:
8863:
8858:
8852:
8851:
8840:
8839:
8837:
8836:External links
8834:
8832:
8831:
8817:
8811:
8804:
8794:
8787:
8777:
8763:
8758:C.U. Larsen -
8756:
8750:
8738:
8709:
8703:
8692:
8682:
8672:
8655:
8650:
8632:
8617:
8599:
8584:
8566:
8551:
8525:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8507:
8493:
8478:
8460:(2): 244–253.
8449:
8440:
8431:
8408:
8390:(6): 537–557.
8384:Geoarchaeology
8379:
8370:
8361:
8347:
8334:
8320:
8307:
8301:
8288:
8270:(5): 653–663.
8259:
8238:
8225:
8211:
8198:
8189:
8180:
8160:10.2307/279722
8154:(3): 344–350.
8143:
8123:10.2307/278680
8117:(2): 216–217.
8106:
8092:
8077:
8043:Pauketat, T.R.
8039:
8010:
8001:
7987:
7974:
7965:
7956:
7936:10.2307/280968
7919:
7910:
7901:
7892:
7883:
7874:
7868:
7855:
7818:
7798:10.2307/278668
7792:(2): 149–169.
7781:
7771:(2): 143–177.
7760:
7740:10.2307/278926
7723:
7703:10.2307/280169
7697:(4): 803–818.
7686:
7649:
7640:
7630:(2): 265–278.
7619:
7598:
7573:978-0195108156
7572:
7555:
7541:
7526:
7513:
7493:10.2307/278380
7476:
7467:
7455:(4): 793–816.
7440:
7403:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7385:
7366:
7336:
7302:
7268:
7239:
7200:
7186:
7157:
7128:
7102:
7076:
7044:
7031:
6998:
6972:
6939:
6905:
6874:
6844:
6826:The New Yorker
6811:
6781:
6750:
6737:
6730:
6712:
6705:
6687:
6656:
6626:
6595:
6574:10.2307/282080
6552:
6543:
6522:10.2307/279718
6498:
6484:
6455:
6426:
6407:
6378:
6348:
6319:
6287:
6257:
6227:
6201:
6173:
6151:
6119:
6088:(2): 163–169.
6068:
6035:
6009:
5982:
5971:on 31 May 2010
5952:
5914:
5884:
5874:
5865:
5856:
5843:
5834:
5825:
5816:
5790:
5764:
5738:
5712:
5686:
5660:
5630:
5612:
5577:
5558:(2): 245–263.
5542:
5533:
5511:10.2307/280681
5482:
5473:
5464:
5455:
5446:
5437:
5428:
5419:
5410:
5401:
5392:
5383:
5374:
5365:
5356:
5323:
5293:
5260:
5239:. World News.
5223:
5155:
5120:(3): 227–236.
5103:
5052:
5037:(in Spanish).
5019:
4998:10.2307/275881
4992:(2): 102–107.
4976:
4950:
4943:. Binghamton:
4931:
4922:
4913:
4904:
4873:
4871:Hinshaw (2000)
4861:
4849:
4840:
4831:
4822:
4813:
4804:
4795:
4786:
4777:
4768:
4759:
4750:
4741:
4732:
4723:
4721:Binford (1962)
4714:
4712:Trigger (1989)
4700:
4679:10.2307/278203
4673:(2): 156–165.
4657:
4626:
4617:
4610:
4592:
4577:
4546:
4520:
4501:
4479:
4472:
4450:
4443:
4425:
4406:
4371:
4361:
4345:"Introduction"
4335:
4323:
4309:978-0892366682
4308:
4288:
4275:
4256:
4247:
4229:
4222:
4195:
4176:
4153:
4134:
4114:
4096:978-9332569966
4095:
4075:
4045:
4015:
3985:
3972:
3959:
3952:
3934:
3927:
3906:
3899:
3878:
3835:
3828:
3806:
3773:
3741:
3711:
3678:
3659:
3634:
3615:
3588:
3567:(1): 180–186.
3547:
3512:
3497:
3472:
3453:
3434:
3404:
3344:
3338:978-0191743443
3337:
3311:
3282:
3253:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3129:
3128:
3125:Zooarchaeology
3122:
3116:
3111:
3105:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3070:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2980:Bioarchaeology
2977:
2972:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2942:Archaeobiology
2939:
2933:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2908:climate change
2903:
2900:
2884:Sint Eustatius
2832:. Co-founders
2818:Michael Blakey
2791:Main article:
2788:
2785:
2701:
2700:
2690:
2687:
2649:
2646:
2637:metal detector
2586:
2583:
2549:Main article:
2546:
2543:
2435:Forest Service
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2369:
2366:
2343:United Nations
2322:
2319:
2283:respectively.
2222:western Europe
2208:
2207:
2162:
2160:
2153:
2144:Main article:
2141:
2138:
2113:Main article:
2110:
2107:
2103:epistemologies
2091:Main article:
2088:
2085:
2069:Main article:
2066:
2063:
2059:Siegfried Line
2033:Main article:
2030:
2027:
1959:Main article:
1956:
1953:
1928:
1925:
1897:Photogrammetry
1875:
1872:
1849:zooarchaeology
1804:Main article:
1801:
1798:
1637:Main article:
1634:
1631:
1496:, corers, and
1484:Harrat al-Sham
1414:Main article:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1381:remote sensing
1376:
1375:Remote sensing
1373:
1345:
1342:
1284:systems theory
1253:Michael Shanks
1193:Main article:
1190:
1187:
1121:Ancient Greece
1030:
1027:
791:U.S. President
747:
744:
732:history of art
709:stratification
637:
634:
605:"archaeologia"
589:William Camden
457:Zhao Mingcheng
445:Imperial China
426:antiquarianism
348:Main article:
345:
342:
262:
261:
256:
249:
248:
242:
235:
234:
233:
222:
221:
220:
219:
217:
214:
209:Main article:
206:
203:
178:antiquarianism
92:social science
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11997:
11986:
11983:
11981:
11978:
11976:
11973:
11972:
11970:
11960:
11950:
11949:
11946:
11933:
11932:
11927:
11923:
11921:
11916:
11911:
11909:
11908:
11899:
11897:
11896:
11887:
11886:
11883:
11877:
11874:
11872:
11871:Human science
11869:
11867:
11866:
11862:
11860:
11857:
11856:
11854:
11850:
11844:
11841:
11840:
11838:
11834:
11828:
11827:Vegan studies
11825:
11823:
11820:
11816:
11813:
11811:
11808:
11807:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11796:
11793:
11791:
11790:Public health
11788:
11786:
11783:
11781:
11778:
11776:
11773:
11769:
11766:
11764:
11761:
11759:
11756:
11755:
11753:
11749:
11746:
11744:
11741:
11739:
11736:
11734:
11731:
11729:
11726:
11725:
11724:Philosophies
11723:
11721:
11720:Media studies
11718:
11716:
11713:
11711:
11708:
11706:
11703:
11701:
11698:
11696:
11695:Human ecology
11693:
11691:
11688:
11686:
11683:
11681:
11678:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11664:
11661:
11659:
11656:
11655:
11653:
11651:
11648:
11646:
11643:
11641:
11638:
11636:
11633:
11631:
11628:
11626:
11623:
11621:
11618:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11605:Anthrozoology
11603:
11599:
11596:
11594:
11591:
11590:
11588:
11587:
11585:
11581:
11573:
11570:
11568:
11565:
11563:
11560:
11558:
11555:
11553:
11550:
11549:
11548:
11545:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11533:
11531:
11530:developmental
11528:
11526:
11523:
11521:
11518:
11517:
11516:
11513:
11509:
11506:
11504:
11503:public policy
11501:
11499:
11496:
11494:
11491:
11489:
11486:
11485:
11484:
11481:
11477:
11474:
11473:
11472:
11469:
11465:
11462:
11460:
11457:
11455:
11454:legal systems
11452:
11450:
11449:legal history
11447:
11445:
11444:jurisprudence
11442:
11441:
11440:
11437:
11433:
11430:
11428:
11425:
11423:
11420:
11418:
11415:
11413:
11410:
11408:
11405:
11403:
11400:
11399:
11398:
11395:
11391:
11388:
11386:
11383:
11381:
11378:
11376:
11373:
11372:
11371:
11368:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11349:
11346:
11345:
11344:
11341:
11337:
11334:
11332:
11329:
11327:
11324:
11322:
11319:
11318:
11317:
11314:
11313:
11311:
11307:
11301:
11298:
11296:
11293:
11291:
11288:
11287:
11284:
11280:
11273:
11268:
11266:
11261:
11259:
11254:
11253:
11250:
11238:
11237:
11233:
11231:
11228:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11199:
11196:
11195:
11194:
11191:
11190:
11188:
11184:
11178:
11175:
11173:
11170:
11168:
11165:
11163:
11160:
11158:
11155:
11151:
11150:
11146:
11145:
11144:
11143:Human science
11141:
11139:
11136:
11135:
11133:
11129:
11123:
11122:
11118:
11116:
11113:
11111:
11108:
11106:
11103:
11101:
11098:
11096:
11093:
11091:
11088:
11086:
11083:
11081:
11078:
11076:
11075:
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11060:
11058:
11054:
11048:
11045:
11043:
11040:
11038:
11035:
11033:
11030:
11028:
11025:
11021:
11018:
11017:
11016:
11013:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11001:
11000:
10999:
10996:
10994:
10993:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10973:
10971:
10968:
10966:
10963:
10959:
10956:
10955:
10954:
10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10928:
10924:
10922:
10921:
10917:
10915:
10912:
10910:
10907:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10897:
10895:
10892:
10891:
10889:
10885:
10875:
10872:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10862:
10860:
10859:Environmental
10857:
10855:
10852:
10851:
10849:
10845:
10837:
10834:
10832:
10829:
10827:
10824:
10823:
10822:
10819:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10809:
10805:
10802:
10800:
10797:
10795:
10792:
10791:
10790:
10787:
10785:
10782:
10778:
10775:
10773:
10770:
10768:
10765:
10764:
10763:
10762:Language arts
10760:
10758:
10755:
10753:
10750:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10739:
10737:
10733:
10729:
10722:
10717:
10715:
10710:
10708:
10703:
10702:
10699:
10687:
10684:
10682:
10679:
10677:
10674:
10672:
10669:
10667:
10666:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10638:
10633:
10631:
10629:
10624:
10622:
10620:
10615:
10613:
10610:
10609:
10607:
10601:
10595:
10592:
10590:
10587:
10585:
10582:
10580:
10577:
10575:
10572:
10570:
10567:
10565:
10562:
10560:
10557:
10555:
10552:
10550:
10547:
10545:
10542:
10540:
10537:
10535:
10532:
10530:
10527:
10525:
10522:
10520:
10517:
10515:
10512:
10510:
10507:
10505:
10502:
10500:
10499:Folk medicine
10497:
10495:
10492:
10490:
10487:
10485:
10482:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10472:
10470:
10467:
10465:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10455:
10452:
10450:
10447:
10445:
10442:
10440:
10437:
10435:
10432:
10430:
10429:Ancient music
10427:
10426:
10424:
10420:
10414:
10408:
10405:
10403:
10400:
10398:
10395:
10393:
10390:
10388:
10385:
10383:
10380:
10378:
10375:
10373:
10370:
10368:
10365:
10363:
10362:Stained glass
10360:
10358:
10355:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10345:
10343:
10342:Road vehicles
10340:
10338:
10337:Rail vehicles
10335:
10333:
10330:
10328:
10325:
10323:
10320:
10318:
10315:
10313:
10310:
10308:
10305:
10303:
10300:
10298:
10295:
10293:
10290:
10288:
10287:New media art
10285:
10283:
10280:
10278:
10275:
10273:
10270:
10268:
10265:
10263:
10260:
10258:
10255:
10253:
10250:
10248:
10247:Ivory objects
10245:
10243:
10240:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10228:
10227:Human remains
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10217:Glass objects
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10173:
10170:
10168:
10165:
10163:
10160:
10159:
10157:
10153:
10143:
10137:
10134:
10132:
10129:
10127:
10124:
10122:
10119:
10117:
10114:
10112:
10109:
10107:
10104:
10103:
10101:
10097:
10094:of immovable
10087:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10061:
10058:
10056:
10053:
10051:
10048:
10046:
10043:
10041:
10038:
10036:
10033:
10031:
10028:
10026:
10023:
10021:
10018:
10016:
10013:
10011:
10008:
10006:
10003:
10001:
9998:
9996:
9995:Desmet method
9993:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9983:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9968:
9966:
9963:
9962:
9960:
9954:
9948:
9945:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9930:
9928:
9925:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9864:
9862:
9860:and expertise
9856:
9850:
9849:Web archiving
9847:
9845:
9842:
9840:
9837:
9835:
9832:
9830:
9827:
9825:
9822:
9820:
9817:
9815:
9812:
9810:
9807:
9805:
9802:
9800:
9797:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9787:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9759:Inherent vice
9757:
9755:
9752:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9675:
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9662:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9645:
9642:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9582:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9566:
9564:
9558:
9554:
9550:
9543:
9538:
9536:
9531:
9529:
9524:
9523:
9520:
9508:
9498:
9496:
9488:
9487:
9484:
9478:
9475:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9465:Egyptologists
9463:
9462:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9449:
9446:
9445:
9443:
9442:
9440:
9436:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9416:
9413:
9411:
9410:Phenomenology
9408:
9406:
9403:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9373:
9371:
9368:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9351:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9338:
9337:
9335:
9331:
9325:
9322:
9320:
9317:
9313:
9310:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9300:
9299:
9298:
9297:Environmental
9295:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9285:Computational
9283:
9281:
9280:Archaeogaming
9278:
9277:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9264:
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9251:
9249:
9246:
9244:
9241:
9240:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9230:
9228:
9224:
9218:
9215:
9213:
9210:
9208:
9205:
9203:
9200:
9198:
9195:
9193:
9190:
9188:
9185:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9174:
9172:
9168:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9151:Post-Medieval
9149:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9131:Protohistoric
9129:
9127:
9124:
9123:
9121:
9119:Chronological
9117:
9114:
9112:
9108:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9084:
9080:
9077:
9075:
9072:
9070:
9067:
9066:
9065:
9062:
9060:
9057:
9055:
9052:
9050:
9047:
9045:
9042:
9040:
9037:
9036:
9034:
9030:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9009:
9006:
9004:
9001:
8999:
8996:
8994:
8991:
8989:
8986:
8984:
8981:
8979:
8976:
8974:
8971:
8969:
8968:Richard Hoare
8966:
8964:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8951:
8950:
8948:
8946:
8942:
8938:
8931:
8926:
8924:
8919:
8917:
8912:
8911:
8908:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8886:
8883:
8882:
8879:at Wikisource
8878:
8873:
8869:
8868:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8829:
8825:
8821:
8818:
8815:
8814:Bruce Trigger
8812:
8809:
8805:
8802:
8798:
8795:
8792:
8788:
8785:
8781:
8780:Colin Renfrew
8778:
8776:
8772:
8768:
8764:
8761:
8757:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8747:
8743:
8739:
8735:
8731:
8727:
8723:
8719:
8715:
8714:Archaeologies
8710:
8707:
8704:
8701:
8697:
8693:
8690:
8686:
8683:
8680:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8670:0-202-33022-2
8667:
8663:
8659:
8658:Lewis Binford
8656:
8654:
8651:
8639:
8635:
8633:0-203-97363-1
8629:
8625:
8624:
8618:
8606:
8602:
8596:
8592:
8591:
8585:
8573:
8569:
8563:
8559:
8558:
8552:
8540:
8536:
8532:
8527:
8526:
8523:
8519:
8504:
8500:
8496:
8490:
8486:
8485:
8479:
8475:
8471:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8455:
8450:
8446:
8441:
8437:
8432:
8428:
8422:
8414:
8409:
8405:
8401:
8397:
8393:
8389:
8385:
8380:
8376:
8371:
8367:
8362:
8358:
8354:
8350:
8344:
8340:
8335:
8331:
8327:
8323:
8317:
8313:
8308:
8304:
8298:
8294:
8289:
8285:
8281:
8277:
8273:
8269:
8265:
8260:
8256:
8252:
8249:(1): 77–106.
8248:
8244:
8239:
8235:
8231:
8226:
8222:
8218:
8214:
8208:
8204:
8199:
8195:
8190:
8186:
8181:
8177:
8173:
8169:
8165:
8161:
8157:
8153:
8149:
8144:
8140:
8136:
8132:
8128:
8124:
8120:
8116:
8112:
8107:
8103:
8099:
8095:
8089:
8085:
8084:
8078:
8074:
8068:
8060:
8056:
8052:
8048:
8044:
8040:
8036:
8032:
8028:
8024:
8020:
8016:
8011:
8007:
8002:
7998:
7994:
7990:
7984:
7980:
7975:
7971:
7966:
7962:
7957:
7953:
7949:
7945:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7929:
7925:
7920:
7916:
7911:
7907:
7902:
7898:
7893:
7889:
7884:
7880:
7875:
7871:
7865:
7861:
7856:
7844:
7840:
7836:
7832:
7828:
7824:
7819:
7815:
7811:
7807:
7803:
7799:
7795:
7791:
7787:
7782:
7778:
7774:
7770:
7766:
7761:
7757:
7753:
7749:
7745:
7741:
7737:
7733:
7729:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7712:
7708:
7704:
7700:
7696:
7692:
7687:
7683:
7679:
7675:
7671:
7667:
7663:
7659:
7655:
7650:
7646:
7641:
7637:
7633:
7629:
7625:
7620:
7616:
7612:
7609:(2): 119–22.
7608:
7604:
7599:
7587:
7583:
7579:
7575:
7569:
7565:
7561:
7560:"Archaeology"
7556:
7552:
7548:
7544:
7538:
7534:
7533:
7527:
7523:
7519:
7514:
7510:
7506:
7502:
7498:
7494:
7490:
7486:
7482:
7477:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7454:
7450:
7446:
7441:
7437:
7433:
7429:
7425:
7421:
7417:
7413:
7409:
7404:
7400:
7395:
7394:
7381:
7377:
7370:
7354:
7350:
7346:
7340:
7324:
7320:
7316:
7309:
7307:
7298:
7290:
7286:
7285:
7279:
7278:"archaeology"
7272:
7263:
7258:
7254:
7250:
7243:
7235:
7231:
7227:
7223:
7219:
7215:
7211:
7204:
7196:
7190:
7181:
7176:
7172:
7168:
7161:
7152:
7147:
7143:
7139:
7132:
7116:
7112:
7106:
7090:
7086:
7080:
7064:
7060:
7059:
7054:
7048:
7041:
7035:
7019:
7015:
7014:
7009:
7002:
6986:
6982:
6976:
6960:
6956:
6955:
6950:
6943:
6927:
6923:
6919:
6912:
6910:
6893:
6889:
6885:
6878:
6862:
6858:
6854:
6848:
6832:
6828:
6827:
6822:
6815:
6799:
6795:
6791:
6785:
6769:
6765:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6741:
6733:
6727:
6723:
6716:
6708:
6706:9780253354648
6702:
6698:
6691:
6675:
6671:
6667:
6660:
6644:
6640:
6636:
6630:
6614:
6610:
6606:
6599:
6591:
6587:
6583:
6579:
6575:
6571:
6568:(1): 131–59.
6567:
6563:
6556:
6547:
6539:
6535:
6531:
6527:
6523:
6519:
6516:(3): 317–20.
6515:
6511:
6510:
6502:
6494:
6488:
6479:
6474:
6470:
6466:
6459:
6450:
6445:
6441:
6437:
6430:
6422:
6418:
6411:
6402:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6382:
6366:
6362:
6358:
6352:
6343:
6338:
6334:
6330:
6323:
6314:
6309:
6305:
6301:
6294:
6292:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6261:
6245:
6241:
6237:
6231:
6215:
6211:
6205:
6189:
6185:
6184:
6177:
6169:
6165:
6161:
6155:
6139:
6135:
6134:
6129:
6123:
6107:
6103:
6099:
6095:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6079:
6072:
6063:
6058:
6054:
6050:
6049:SPAFA Journal
6046:
6039:
6023:
6019:
6013:
6005:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5986:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5956:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5921:
5919:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5888:
5878:
5869:
5860:
5853:
5850:Eric Gibson:
5847:
5838:
5829:
5820:
5804:
5800:
5794:
5778:
5774:
5768:
5752:
5748:
5742:
5726:
5722:
5716:
5700:
5696:
5690:
5674:
5670:
5664:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5634:
5626:
5622:
5616:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5581:
5573:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5557:
5553:
5546:
5537:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5504:(4): 766–84.
5503:
5499:
5498:
5493:
5486:
5477:
5468:
5459:
5453:Ascher (1961)
5450:
5444:Kuznar (2001)
5441:
5432:
5423:
5414:
5408:Yellen (1991)
5405:
5396:
5390:Yellen (1977)
5387:
5381:Yellen (1972)
5378:
5372:Gould (1971b)
5369:
5363:Gould (1971a)
5360:
5351:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5327:
5311:
5307:
5303:
5297:
5281:
5277:
5276:
5275:New Scientist
5271:
5264:
5248:
5244:
5243:
5238:
5232:
5230:
5228:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5196:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5160:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5107:
5099:
5095:
5091:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5063:
5056:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5030:
5023:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4980:
4964:
4960:
4954:
4946:
4942:
4935:
4926:
4920:Willey (1968)
4917:
4911:Willey (1953)
4908:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4877:
4868:
4866:
4858:
4853:
4847:Hodder (1992)
4844:
4838:Hodder (1991)
4835:
4829:Hodder (1990)
4826:
4820:Hodder (1987)
4817:
4811:Hodder (1985)
4808:
4802:Hodder (1982)
4799:
4790:
4781:
4775:Tilley (1993)
4772:
4766:Shanks (1993)
4763:
4757:Shanks (1991)
4754:
4745:
4736:
4727:
4718:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4661:
4645:
4641:
4639:
4630:
4621:
4613:
4607:
4603:
4596:
4588:
4581:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4550:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4508:
4504:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4483:
4475:
4473:0-947535-00-4
4469:
4465:
4461:
4454:
4446:
4440:
4436:
4429:
4421:
4417:
4410:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4364:
4362:0-449-90698-1
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4339:
4332:
4327:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4292:
4285:
4282:David Irwin,
4279:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4260:
4251:
4244:. Hutchinson.
4243:
4239:
4233:
4225:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4183:
4179:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4160:
4158:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4118:
4102:
4098:
4092:
4088:
4087:
4079:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4049:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4024:"John Leland"
4019:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3989:
3982:
3979:E.W. Bodnar,
3976:
3969:
3968:Later travels
3963:
3955:
3953:0-87023-495-1
3949:
3945:
3938:
3930:
3928:0-8248-2820-8
3924:
3920:
3913:
3911:
3902:
3900:0-521-84076-7
3896:
3892:
3885:
3883:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3839:
3831:
3829:0-521-66991-X
3825:
3821:
3817:
3810:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3777:
3761:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3750:"archaeology"
3745:
3729:
3725:
3718:
3716:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3666:
3662:
3656:
3652:
3651:
3643:
3641:
3639:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3584:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3551:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3525:
3516:
3508:
3501:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3460:
3456:
3450:
3446:
3445:
3438:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3348:
3340:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3315:
3306:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3286:
3277:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3257:
3248:
3246:
3241:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3184:Ancient Greek
3179:
3175:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3067:Human ecology
3065:
3062:
3061:Harris matrix
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2830:United States
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2784:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2749:Ottawa Valley
2746:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2705:First Nations
2699:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2654:Kennewick Man
2645:
2641:
2638:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2596:
2591:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2559:
2552:
2542:
2538:
2536:
2531:
2528:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2512:building site
2509:
2504:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2436:
2430:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2365:
2363:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2204:
2201:
2193:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2163:This section
2161:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2084:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2048:New York City
2045:
2040:
2036:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1983:archaeobotany
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1965:As with most
1962:
1952:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1933:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1901:topographical
1898:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:typologically
1837:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1812:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1697:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1578:Magnetometers
1575:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1562:wavelengths,
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1516:Aerial survey
1509:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1485:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1447:Gordon Willey
1444:
1438:
1436:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1382:
1372:
1369:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1302:agency theory
1299:
1298:postmodernism
1295:
1294:phenomenology
1292:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:Daniel Miller
1258:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1230:Kent Flannery
1227:
1226:Lewis Binford
1223:
1219:
1218:Mesoamericans
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1151:sampling bias
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
968:Frank Calvert
965:
961:
957:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
931:
927:
926:Howard Carter
923:
922:Great Pyramid
919:
915:
911:
907:
900:
896:
891:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
870:
860:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
841:prehistorical
838:
837:Charles Lyell
834:
830:
829:William Smith
826:
822:
818:
813:
811:
807:
803:
800:, on several
799:
798:trench method
795:
792:
788:
785:
781:
777:
773:
765:
761:
757:
752:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
654:
647:
642:
633:
624:
623:Rajatarangini
620:
615:
614:
610:
606:
602:
597:
592:
590:
586:
581:
579:
575:
574:Flavio Biondo
571:
569:
565:
564:hieroglyphics
561:
557:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
491:
487:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
409:
399:
390:
382:
378:
374:
367:
362:
357:
351:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
316:
305:
301:
297:
280:
269:
265:
253:
245:
239:
228: 550 BC
212:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
179:
174:
172:
168:
164:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
136:
135:palaeontology
132:
128:
124:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
82:or ecofacts,
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
11980:Anthropology
11929:
11905:
11893:
11863:
11670:Food studies
11610:Area studies
11363:mathematical
11358:econometrics
11320:
11316:Anthropology
11234:
11198:Philistinism
11193:Antihumanism
11147:
11119:
11105:Nova Religio
11072:
10990:
10970:Hermeneutics
10925:
10918:
10746:
10742:Anthropology
10664:
10636:
10627:
10618:
10509:Folk process
10464:Ethnopoetics
10422:preservation
10282:Neon objects
10155:by item type
10146:Conservation
10099:by item type
10090:Conservation
10040:Overpainting
10000:Display case
9829:Repatriation
9583:
9345:Archaeometry
9319:Experimental
9253:Near Eastern
9212:Near Eastern
9207:Mesopotamian
9161:Contemporary
8978:Arthur Evans
8936:
8885:Fasti Online
8846:
8823:
8820:Alison Wylie
8807:
8800:
8783:
8766:
8759:
8745:
8741:
8720:(1): 27–69.
8717:
8713:
8699:
8688:
8685:Kevin Greene
8678:
8661:
8642:. Retrieved
8622:
8609:. Retrieved
8589:
8576:. Retrieved
8556:
8543:. Retrieved
8534:
8483:
8457:
8453:
8444:
8435:
8412:
8387:
8383:
8374:
8365:
8338:
8311:
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8267:
8263:
8246:
8242:
8233:
8229:
8202:
8193:
8184:
8151:
8147:
8114:
8110:
8082:
8067:cite journal
8053:(1): 73–98.
8050:
8046:
8021:(1): 25–54.
8018:
8014:
8005:
7978:
7969:
7960:
7927:
7923:
7914:
7905:
7896:
7887:
7878:
7859:
7847:. Retrieved
7830:
7826:
7789:
7785:
7768:
7764:
7731:
7727:
7694:
7690:
7660:(1): 29–35.
7657:
7653:
7644:
7627:
7623:
7606:
7602:
7590:. Retrieved
7563:
7531:
7521:
7517:
7484:
7480:
7471:
7452:
7448:
7411:
7407:
7398:
7390:Bibliography
7380:the original
7369:
7357:. Retrieved
7348:
7339:
7327:. Retrieved
7318:
7282:
7271:
7252:
7242:
7217:
7213:
7203:
7189:
7170:
7160:
7141:
7131:
7119:. Retrieved
7105:
7093:. Retrieved
7079:
7067:. Retrieved
7056:
7047:
7034:
7022:. Retrieved
7018:the original
7011:
7001:
6989:. Retrieved
6975:
6963:. Retrieved
6952:
6942:
6930:. Retrieved
6921:
6896:. Retrieved
6887:
6877:
6865:. Retrieved
6857:Congress.gov
6856:
6847:
6835:. Retrieved
6824:
6814:
6802:. Retrieved
6793:
6784:
6772:. Retrieved
6763:
6753:
6745:
6740:
6721:
6715:
6696:
6690:
6678:. Retrieved
6669:
6659:
6647:. Retrieved
6638:
6629:
6617:. Retrieved
6613:the original
6608:
6598:
6565:
6561:
6555:
6550:Hodge (1937)
6546:
6513:
6507:
6501:
6492:
6487:
6468:
6458:
6439:
6429:
6420:
6416:
6410:
6391:
6381:
6369:. Retrieved
6360:
6351:
6332:
6322:
6303:
6278:. Retrieved
6274:the original
6269:
6260:
6248:. Retrieved
6239:
6230:
6218:. Retrieved
6204:
6192:. Retrieved
6182:
6176:
6168:the original
6163:
6154:
6142:. Retrieved
6131:
6122:
6110:. Retrieved
6085:
6081:
6071:
6052:
6048:
6038:
6026:. Retrieved
6021:
6012:
5995:
5991:
5985:
5973:. Retrieved
5969:the original
5955:
5930:
5926:
5905:. Retrieved
5896:
5887:
5877:
5868:
5859:
5851:
5846:
5837:
5828:
5819:
5807:. Retrieved
5803:the original
5793:
5781:. Retrieved
5767:
5755:. Retrieved
5741:
5729:. Retrieved
5715:
5703:. Retrieved
5689:
5677:. Retrieved
5673:the original
5663:
5651:. Retrieved
5642:
5633:
5625:the original
5615:
5590:
5586:
5580:
5555:
5551:
5545:
5536:
5501:
5495:
5485:
5476:
5467:
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5413:
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5395:
5386:
5377:
5368:
5359:
5340:
5336:
5326:
5314:. Retrieved
5305:
5296:
5284:. Retrieved
5273:
5263:
5251:. Retrieved
5247:the original
5242:The Guardian
5240:
5214:. Retrieved
5178:
5174:
5117:
5113:
5106:
5065:
5061:
5055:
5043:. Retrieved
5032:
5022:
4989:
4985:
4979:
4967:. Retrieved
4953:
4940:
4934:
4925:
4916:
4907:
4895:. Retrieved
4876:
4852:
4843:
4834:
4825:
4816:
4807:
4798:
4789:
4780:
4771:
4762:
4753:
4744:
4735:
4726:
4717:
4670:
4666:
4660:
4648:. Retrieved
4644:the original
4637:
4629:
4620:
4601:
4595:
4586:
4580:
4568:. Retrieved
4559:
4549:
4537:. Retrieved
4523:
4511:. Retrieved
4492:
4482:
4459:
4453:
4434:
4428:
4419:
4415:
4409:
4384:
4380:
4374:
4366:
4348:
4338:
4326:
4298:
4291:
4283:
4278:
4259:
4250:
4241:
4232:
4208:
4198:
4186:. Retrieved
4166:
4144:. Retrieved
4124:
4117:
4105:. Retrieved
4085:
4078:
4066:. Retrieved
4057:
4048:
4036:. Retrieved
4027:
4018:
4006:. Retrieved
3997:
3988:
3980:
3975:
3967:
3962:
3943:
3937:
3918:
3890:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3815:
3809:
3797:. Retrieved
3786:
3776:
3764:. Retrieved
3753:
3744:
3732:. Retrieved
3702:. Retrieved
3695:the original
3681:
3669:. Retrieved
3649:
3625:. Retrieved
3605:
3564:
3560:
3550:
3538:. Retrieved
3534:the original
3530:Open Science
3529:
3523:
3515:
3506:
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3484:
3475:
3463:. Retrieved
3443:
3437:
3425:. Retrieved
3417:Live Science
3416:
3407:
3358:
3354:
3347:
3324:
3314:
3295:
3285:
3266:
3256:
3224:
3217:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3178:
3131:
3130:
3025:Dump digging
2930:Anthropology
2913:
2905:
2875:David Adjaye
2866:
2847:
2811:
2796:
2781:
2777:beaver pelts
2751:, including
2734:
2709:repatriation
2702:
2694:
2689:Repatriation
2683:
2679:
2663:
2651:
2642:
2634:
2631:
2619:
2600:
2568:
2562:
2554:
2539:
2532:
2524:
2495:
2489:
2487:
2477:the original
2471:
2465:QAR DiveLive
2464:
2450:
2441:
2439:
2431:
2427:
2402:
2398:
2359:
2339:
2312:
2304:
2296:
2285:
2250:
2234:
2211:
2196:
2187:
2164:
2131:technology.
2120:Archaeometry
2118:
2109:Archaeometry
2096:
2074:
2041:
2038:
2011:civilization
1964:
1946:
1942:
1934:
1930:
1905:astronomical
1887:
1869:
1838:
1831:
1815:
1767:
1732:
1715:relationship
1700:
1696:stratigraphy
1692:
1620:
1603:
1572:
1568:thermography
1522:attached to
1514:
1490:
1482:
1459:
1439:
1431:
1410:Field survey
1402:
1392:
1378:
1364:
1338:posthumanism
1326:queer theory
1318:gender-based
1281:
1246:
1198:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1159:Homo sapiens
1158:
1155:
1114:
1093:Homo sapiens
1091:
1057:
1046:
1043:South Africa
1011:
996:
980:Arthur Evans
953:
904:
883:
878:by type or "
866:
833:James Hutton
817:stratigraphy
814:
769:
717:
706:
683:
668:in England.
659:
622:
616:
612:
604:
593:
582:
572:
567:
546:
542:
517:
494:
486:Qing dynasty
475:periods. In
449:Song dynasty
442:
417:
407:
398:archaiologia
397:
386:
344:Antiquarians
293:
175:
160:
155:
120:
104:anthropology
76:architecture
70:consists of
55:
51:
50:
36:
11975:Archaeology
11931:Wikiversity
11822:Social work
11710:Linguistics
11635:Criminology
11552:criminology
11535:personality
11493:comparative
11471:Linguistics
11464:private law
11321:archaeology
11047:Work of art
11015:Metaphysics
10976:Historicism
10821:Visual arts
10747:Archaeology
10735:Disciplines
10665:H.L. Hunley
10444:Early music
10392:Vinyl discs
10387:Totem poles
10322:Photographs
10267:Lighthouses
10257:Lacquerware
10212:Fur objects
10150:of movable
10080:VisualAudio
10025:Leafcasting
9970:Anastylosis
9917:Mount maker
9877:Art handler
9734:Finding aid
9584:Archaeology
9425:Transgender
9350:Battlefield
9126:Prehistoric
9086:Burnt layer
9023:George Bass
8937:Archaeology
8877:Archaeology
8847:Archaeology
8801:Archaeology
8755:, e-journal
8675:Glyn Daniel
7359:18 February
7329:18 February
7121:15 December
7095:15 December
7069:15 December
7024:15 December
6965:15 December
6932:15 December
6898:15 December
6867:15 December
6837:15 December
6804:15 December
6774:15 December
6649:4 September
5343:(12): 678.
5306:www.saa.org
5045:19 December
4570:23 November
4539:19 November
4387:: 441–453.
3766:26 December
3490:22 December
3206:archaeology
2413:excavations
2378:Beit She'an
1949:Aphrodisias
1921:Data mining
1826:Philippines
1822:Callao Cave
1711:association
1687:Wake Island
1685:remains on
1588:artifacts,
1552:ultraviolet
1498:shovel test
1453:of coastal
1451:Viru Valley
1426:Mesopotamia
1334:materiality
1273:reflexivity
1141:aristocrats
1137:bureaucracy
1125:Mesopotamia
1110:agriculture
1098:stone tools
1076:Paleolithic
1074:during the
1039:Taung child
930:Tutankhamun
869:ethnologist
756:Bush Barrow
740:art history
728:Herculaneum
694:Herculaneum
670:John Aubrey
630: 1150
585:John Leland
568:Commentaria
527:antiquarian
509:Middle Ages
447:during the
393:ἀρχαιολογία
379:(fresco by
350:Antiquarian
277:), by king
156:archaeology
144:Paleolithic
127:stone tools
52:Archaeology
11969:Categories
11876:Humanities
11810:historical
11743:psychology
11715:Management
11557:demography
11515:Psychology
11498:philosophy
11459:public law
11390:integrated
11008:Quadrivium
10933:Creativity
10899:Aesthetics
10826:Filmmaking
10811:Philosophy
10767:Literature
10728:Humanities
10504:Folk music
10484:Folk dance
10417:Intangible
10015:Inpainting
9882:Auctioneer
9872:Art dealer
9824:Provenance
9629:Collecting
9562:and issues
9448:by country
9380:Industrial
9375:Indigenous
9324:Underwater
9270:Calceology
9192:Australian
9170:Geographic
9156:Historical
9091:Excavation
8748:(magazine)
8706:Ian Hodder
8537:. London.
8236:: 164–174.
7349:Grammarist
7299:required.)
6991:13 January
6028:18 October
5975:11 January
4969:2 December
4068:27 October
4038:27 October
4008:27 October
3237:References
3218:archæology
3210:archeology
3191:(archaios)
2805:, and the
2769:birch bark
2713:Algonquian
2442:Mardi Gras
2321:Protection
2190:March 2014
2174:improve it
2015:Egyptology
1917:simulation
1865:deciphered
1857:palynology
1755:overburden
1703:provenance
1633:Excavation
1584:caused by
1534:, or even
1265:Ian Hodder
1249:postmodern
1234:hypothesis
1102:metallurgy
1060:human race
942:pioneered
918:Egyptology
901:, in 1906.
845:Bronze Age
821:geological
784:Bronze Age
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646:Stonehenge
601:Jacob Spon
453:Ouyang Xiu
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11525:cognitive
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11370:Geography
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10992:Humanitas
10981:Historism
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10619:Ecce Homo
10514:Folk play
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6270:P3 Update
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5098:124297131
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163:surveying
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11056:Journals
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10831:Painting
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6674:Archived
6643:Archived
6371:20 March
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6244:Archived
6240:Macworld
6214:Archived
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6106:Archived
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2606:pharaohs
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2019:Indology
1967:academic
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1800:Analysis
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