441:
a diving mask and swimfins and swimming to the surface), English test, psychological test, interview and an essay. The second phase is called the individual phase and it lasts four days. During that phase, the candidates have to perform many physically and mentally difficult tasks, which test their resilience. The third phase is called the orienteering phase, which lasts four days. This phase requires the candidates to complete different orienteering challenges with a 1:50,000 map and a compass. The candidates have to orienteer during day and night with a full backpack. The final phase is called the team phase and it lasts four days. This phase tests the candidates capability to lead and act as part of a team. Around 80-85% of the participants fail the selection. However, getting through the four phases of the selection does not guarantee acceptance into SOTG either. Each qualified person will also be individually analysed and evaluated and an invitation to the unit will be made after they have been found suitable.
36:
187:
1655:
345:. Preparations involved determining the logistics, communications, reconnaissance and other aspects of the mission. A large part of the preparations focused on learning and analysing the local geography, climate, social and economic situation, but also the strength, structure, activity and area of operations of the insurgents and allies. After the arrival and first survey in the area, it was clear that the situation was as difficult as thought. One of the main roads going through the province was among the top ranked in terms of number of exploded
309:. Recruitment was initially very difficult because the unit was largely unknown and not understood at the time. There were also cases when other unit commanders forbade participation in the selection because they didn't want to lose good soldiers. However, this was later solved with a decree which permitted all soldiers to participate of their own free will. Attitudes towards the selection gradually changed and passing it became a thing of pride. The unit found a lot of support from the NATO Special Operations Headquarters, part of
1518:
362:
perimeter, conducting searches, interrogations and arrests. The criminal police, security services and special reconnaissance units were tasked with providing intelligence on the activities of the insurgents. The police special force was usually the focal point of the operations. In addition, the operations were supported by the activities of the prosecution, courts and the media. This proved to be successful and soon such operations, sometimes involving over 1000 members, became regular.
1583:
437:
service, passing a general fitness test (at least 62 push-ups in two minutes, 72 sit-ups in two minutes, 3,2 km run under 13:49), a valid decision from the medical committee of the
Defence Forces, high proficiency in Estonian and basic proficiency in English. People with a criminal record or an addiction aren't allowed to apply for a spot in SOTG. In 2019, it was announced that ESTSOF would also begin recruiting and training conscripts to create reserve forces.
1748:
1776:
1597:
688:
498:
60:
654:
615:
576:
537:
490:
1569:
313:, which sent the NATO Special Operations Coordination Centre (NSCC) to evaluate it. At the same time the unit was allowed to participate in courses organized by the NSCC. Because the unit initially lacked competence to train NATO compliant special forces, the decision was made to send soldiers to train in courses in Hungary. In 2009, the unit also started receiving support from US led
646:
529:
607:
568:
317:(SOCEUR), which was critical for the development of SOTG. By 2010, the unit had developed enough to organize a special forces qualification course in Estonia. The unit received its flag on October 2, 2012. On January 1, 2013, SOTG was split from the Military Intelligence Battalion and placed under the direct command of the
450:
spent in team training and cross training, which is normally capped off with a mission. This is followed by 2–3 years of supplemental training. After that, the operator, together with his team, will specialise in a certain set of tasks. In total, it takes about 8 years to prepare a special forces operator.
378:
was done within a limited circle of members and revealed to subordinates just before its execution. Operations were conducted in sequence of gradually increasing difficulty to accustom the units. This, combined with previous successful steps, eventually forced
Taliban to move into more distant regions.
449:
The initial training of the special forces operator will take about 3 years. The first year will be spent improving the soldiers personal skills, going through NCO training and ESTSOF basic training. The second year involves passing qualification courses and learning special skills. The third year is
440:
The selection consists of four phases. First phase is called the administrative phase and lasts two days. The administrative phase tests include a general fitness test, pull-ups, swimming (500 metres on water, 25 metres underwater, ABC test - which involves diving to a depth of 4,5 metres, putting on
373:
In 2013, a second SOTU was sent to
Afghanistan to replace the first unit. Preparations for the rotation began several months before the first contingent had even entered the country. A lot of time was dedicated to polishing the necessary skills and knowledge, and learning the environment. Gaps in the
369:
By the end of the service of the first SOTU, the situation had changed drastically. Local forces were continuously working at checkpoints and conducting joint operations. The police special forces were independently planning and conducting relatively complex operations. Movement on roads became safer
377:
The second SOTU continued advising the local forces. In addition, gradual steps were made to start arresting key
Taliban personnel. Training of police special forces started involving high risk arrests, air transportation and night operations. To ensure operational safety and prevent leaks, planning
365:
Another big challenge was the situation with IEDs. Checking and clearing the roads was slow and stressful, and if there was nobody left to guard them, in a matter of hours they had to be considered unsafe. Because of that, the local army and police established checkpoints on the roads. To man those
414:
The
Estonian Special Operations Force consists of a headquarters and the Special Operations Task Group. Information regarding the organisation of other units under ESTSOF is classified. ESTSOF is led by the Commander of ESTSOF, whose tasks are determined by the Estonian Defence Forces Organisation
357:
A few weeks after the arrival of the
Estonian Special Operations Task Unit (SOTU), the Provincial Chief of Police changed. While conducting his first patrol he came under ambush just a few kilometers from his headquarters. He was forced to take cover under a nearby bridge and couldn't break out of
295:
In 2002, under the structure of the
Military Intelligence Battalion, the effort to create a special operations force was restarted. A reconnaissance team, formed from specially trained operators and named ESTHUMINT, was sent to Afghanistan in 2005. However, the mission was cut short in 2007 due to
353:
had to deliver supplies to their positions with civilian vehicles because military vehicles couldn't pass. On the other hand, the police special unit in the area was well managed and equipped. The initial goal of ESTSOF was to provide military aid to said unit and conduct operations with them. It
436:
Official recruitment to SOTG began in 2005. In early phases of the project, at least a three-year service experience was required from candidates. That requirement was later dropped. Current requirements for the candidate are as follows: at least general secondary education, completed conscript
361:
After months of planning and difficult persuasion of the various security forces, the SOTU had reached the goal of conducting the first joint operations. The army was made responsible for clearing the roads and guarding the outside perimeter, while the police was tasked with guarding the inside
415:
Act and the
Estonian Defence Forces Statute. The headquarters is tasked with advising and supporting the Commander of ESTSOF, in addition to planning, arranging and assuring the activities of ESTSOF. The SOTG is tasked with planning, preparing and organising special operations. It consists of
274:
Part of the roots of
Estonian special operations forces could be traced to the long-range reconnaissance and diversion unit that was created in 1993 as part of a military intelligence department in the Estonian Defence Forces. The unit was originally modeled after Soviet
370:
and much quicker. Rocket attacks against bases became rare. This had even forced
Taliban to change local leaders. In the end it provided ESTSOF with more time to focus on developing the police special forces and improving their joint operations capabilities.
324:
Estonian Special Operations Force was officially created on August 1, 2014. At the same time the Special Operations Task Group became its subordinate unit. The two main areas that ESTSOF has focused on from the beginning are
349:. Local units were mostly preoccupied with defending their own bases and insurgents had completely free rein right outside one of the central cities in the province. Rocket attacks on bases were extremely common. The
304:
The official creation date of Special Operations Task Group (SOTG) is May 8, 2008. On that day a directive, ordering the creation of the unit, was signed by the Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces at the time -
279:
groups. However, the attempt to form this new unit was unsuccessful and never properly materialised. In 1998, when the Military Intelligence Battalion was created, another attempt was made, but this too failed.
291:
but remained under the direct command of the Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces. In 1999, a member of SOG attempted an armed robbery using the units weapons, which led to the disbanding of the unit.
358:
the firefight. The SOTU was notified of the situation by the police special forces. The Estonian unit decided to take physical action and managed to solve the situation without any allied casualties.
1325:
366:
checkpoints, they started training local people and incorporated them into the Afghan Local Police. Every checkpoint had 10-20 policemen and were placed no further than 10 km from each other.
374:
preparation were filled on location with the help of the first SOTU and during planning of operations. Taking over the mission was a lot easier due to the groundwork laid by the first contingent.
1204:
1671:
1638:
1295:
333:- acting as a force multiplier in low intensity conflicts and supporting allies. ESTSOF operators have provided support in Afghanistan, Ukraine, Georgia and Senegal.
1434:
1676:
1628:
1215:
1537:
1463:
287:
in 1994. The new unit was named Special Operations Group (SOG). Andrei Ambros became the units commander. In 1998, SOG was transferred to the
1813:
1507:
394:. They would work alongside French special forces in supporting Malian security forces. The Estonian task group would also employ four
1303:
1808:
318:
243:
1377:
1149:
1240:
1552:
1407:
136:
1186:
706:
398:
armored vehicles, which were loaned from the UK for the mission. In July, the Estonian task group started its mission in
1873:
1697:
1557:
314:
1613:
1787:
1633:
1500:
1168:
1658:
1600:
779:
1847:
1702:
1666:
1326:"FOTOD: Erioperatsioonide grupi katsetel on kaheksanda päeva seisuga konkurentsis veel pea pooled võitlejad"
215:
406:, were already based. The mission ended in July 2022 due to diplomatic tensions with Mali's ruling junta.
1759:
1623:
346:
1493:
957:
701:
1829:
1726:
1722:
1542:
288:
1608:
97:
1485:
1130:
186:
1852:
1618:
1525:
1096:
1059:
1025:
991:
920:
869:
835:
801:
600:
561:
547:
416:
284:
219:
107:
35:
1834:
326:
231:
223:
89:
85:
1764:
639:
522:
508:
1572:
711:
350:
1269:
513:
8:
1779:
1351:
403:
227:
1654:
1586:
1104:
1067:
1033:
999:
965:
928:
877:
843:
809:
754:
664:
387:
254:
203:
1792:
669:
630:
591:
395:
1435:"Kaitseväe eriüksuste juht: peame olema valmis reageerima igasugustele nähtustele"
730:
Training and/or leading guerrilla and military units of other countries in combat.
1681:
1517:
1643:
693:
75:
1867:
1751:
1582:
1108:
1071:
1037:
1003:
969:
932:
881:
847:
813:
586:
402:, where troops from the Estonian Defence Forces, which were participating in
306:
239:
283:
A parallel attempt to create a special operations force was made within the
625:
330:
235:
93:
261:) is a special forces unit within the Estonian Special Operations Force.
1596:
552:
386:
In March 2020, it was announced that Estonian special forces would join
1747:
354:
soon became clear that this was not enough to stabilize the situation.
1775:
1150:"UK loans four Jackal 2 armored vehicles to Estonian special forces"
1515:
483:
276:
140:
902:
659:
620:
581:
542:
503:
489:
341:
At the end of 2012, ESTSOF started a mission in Afghanistan with
169:
118:
65:
1568:
1547:
222:. Its primary objective is the development of capabilities for
1097:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 9"
1060:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 8"
1026:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 7"
992:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 6"
958:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 5"
921:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 4"
870:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 3"
836:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu 2"
420:
310:
1296:"Erioperatsioonide väejuhatus hakkab koolitama ajateenijaid"
218:
charged with overseeing the special operations units of the
1408:"Erioperatsioonide väejuhatus võtab kasutusele uued relvad"
802:"Inglid või kangelased? Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse lugu"
391:
342:
645:
567:
528:
399:
606:
1378:"Salajane eriüksus ei vaja adrenaliininäljas põmmpäid"
780:"Vahetus kaitseväe erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse ülem"
226:. It is tasked with planning, preparing and executing
151:
683:
1103:(in Estonian) (4). Estonian Defence League: 18–21.
1066:(in Estonian) (3). Estonian Defence League: 40–42.
1032:(in Estonian) (2). Estonian Defence League: 24–26.
998:(in Estonian) (1). Estonian Defence League: 28–29.
964:(in Estonian) (8). Estonian Defence League: 22–24.
927:(in Estonian) (7). Estonian Defence League: 28–31.
876:(in Estonian) (6). Estonian Defence League: 56–59.
842:(in Estonian) (5). Estonian Defence League: 59–61.
808:(in Estonian) (4). Estonian Defence League: 20–24.
1464:"Millega tegeleb eestlaste eriĂĽksus Afganistanis?"
1241:"Kaitsevägi kutsub astuma elitaarsesse eriüksusse"
381:
336:
1865:
1401:
1399:
1187:"EU's Takuba force quits junta-controlled Mali"
1169:"Eesti eriväelased alustasid teenistust Malis"
269:
1501:
1352:"Special Operations International March 2016"
40:Insignia of Estonian Special Operations Force
1396:
1508:
1494:
1205:"Erioperatsioonide väejuhatuse põhimäärus"
34:
1095:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2018). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
1058:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2018). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
1024:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2018). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
990:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2018). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
956:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2017). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
919:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2017). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
868:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2017). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
834:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2017). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
800:Ăśhtegi, Riho (2017). Kaas, Karri (ed.).
319:Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces
299:
244:Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces
242:. ESTSOF is under direct command of the
1166:
1128:
1866:
1458:
1456:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1405:
1131:"Eesti saadab suvel Malisse eriĂĽksuse"
1094:
1090:
1088:
1057:
1023:
989:
955:
918:
867:
833:
799:
1489:
1264:
1262:
1147:
951:
949:
914:
912:
1406:Andres, Einmann (10 February 2021).
795:
793:
749:
747:
1453:
1422:
1344:
1302:. 11 September 2019. Archived from
1288:
1197:
1160:
1141:
1122:
1085:
1051:
1017:
983:
707:Lithuanian Special Operations Force
13:
1814:Headquarters of the Defence Forces
1370:
1318:
1259:
1233:
946:
909:
772:
296:issues with intelligence sharing.
14:
1885:
861:
827:
790:
744:
315:Special Operations Command Europe
200:Estonian Special Operations Force
24:Estonian Special Operations Force
1774:
1746:
1653:
1595:
1581:
1567:
1516:
1167:Einmann, Andres (16 July 2020).
1129:Tooming, Marko (28 March 2020).
686:
652:
644:
613:
605:
574:
566:
535:
527:
496:
488:
185:
58:
1809:Commander of the Defence Forces
1179:
755:"Erioperatsioonid - Kaitsevägi"
382:Insurgency in Mali (2020-2022 )
1148:Whyte, Andrew (10 July 2020).
895:
724:
337:War in Afghanistan (2012-2014)
1:
1214:(in Estonian). Archived from
737:
251:Special Operations Task Group
786:(in Estonian). 30 June 2023.
453:
431:
426:
409:
208:Erioperatsioonide väejuhatus
152:Erioperatsioonide väejuhatus
29:Erioperatsioonide väejuhatus
7:
679:
444:
270:Preceding units (1993-2007)
10:
1890:
702:Latvian Special Tasks Unit
264:
1874:Special forces of Estonia
1843:
1830:Estonian Military Academy
1822:
1801:
1773:
1745:
1715:
1690:
1652:
1594:
1580:
1566:
1533:
181:
176:
163:
158:
146:
132:
124:
113:
103:
81:
71:
53:
45:
33:
28:
23:
1733:Special Operations Force
1410:(in Estonian). Postimees
717:
601:Heckler & Koch HK417
562:Heckler & Koch HK416
1698:HQ and Signal Battalion
1526:Estonian Defence Forces
548:Personal defense weapon
285:Estonian Defence League
259:Erioperatsioonide grupp
238:, military support and
220:Estonian Defence Forces
108:Estonian Defence Forces
49:1 August 2014 - present
1835:Baltic Defence College
640:Heckler & Koch MG4
523:Heckler & Koch MP7
327:unconventional warfare
258:
232:special reconnaissance
224:unconventional warfare
207:
117:Juhkentali 58, 15007,
90:Special reconnaissance
86:Unconventional warfare
16:Estonian military unit
1788:Air Surveillance Wing
1765:Miinisadam Naval Base
1634:Air Defence Battalion
509:Semi-automatic pistol
300:Formation (2008-2014)
1667:Kuperjanov Battalion
712:Utti Jaeger Regiment
351:Afghan National Army
1848:Ministry of Defence
1703:Logistics Battalion
1677:Artillery Battalion
1629:Artillery Battalion
1306:on 12 December 2019
1137:(in Estonian). ERR.
459:
1760:Mineships Division
1270:"Erioperatsioonid"
458:
404:Operation Barkhane
228:special operations
137:War in Afghanistan
1861:
1860:
1741:
1740:
1711:
1710:
1624:Pioneer Battalion
677:
676:
665:Light machine gun
514:9Ă—19mm Parabellum
388:Takuba Task Force
193:
192:
1881:
1778:
1750:
1657:
1614:Scouts Battalion
1599:
1592:
1591:
1585:
1578:
1577:
1571:
1522:Eesti Kaitsevägi
1520:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1487:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1460:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1431:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1358:. pp. 12–13
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1266:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1220:
1209:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1092:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
987:
981:
980:
978:
976:
953:
944:
943:
941:
939:
916:
907:
906:
905:. 22 April 2013.
899:
893:
892:
890:
888:
865:
859:
858:
856:
854:
831:
825:
824:
822:
820:
797:
788:
787:
776:
770:
769:
767:
765:
751:
731:
728:
696:
691:
690:
689:
658:
656:
655:
648:
619:
617:
616:
609:
580:
578:
577:
570:
541:
539:
538:
531:
502:
500:
499:
492:
460:
457:
331:military support
230:. These include
189:
154:
94:Military support
64:
62:
61:
38:
21:
20:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1839:
1818:
1797:
1769:
1737:
1727:Guard Battalion
1723:Military Police
1707:
1686:
1682:Taara Army Base
1648:
1609:Kalev Battalion
1562:
1529:
1514:
1484:
1483:
1473:
1471:
1462:
1461:
1454:
1444:
1442:
1433:
1432:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1387:
1385:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1361:
1359:
1350:
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1335:
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1324:
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1319:
1309:
1307:
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1260:
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1248:
1239:
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1234:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1185:
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1180:
1165:
1161:
1146:
1142:
1127:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1093:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1056:
1052:
1042:
1040:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
988:
984:
974:
972:
954:
947:
937:
935:
917:
910:
901:
900:
896:
886:
884:
866:
862:
852:
850:
832:
828:
818:
816:
798:
791:
778:
777:
773:
763:
761:
753:
752:
745:
740:
735:
734:
729:
725:
720:
692:
687:
685:
682:
653:
651:
614:
612:
575:
573:
536:
534:
497:
495:
456:
447:
434:
429:
412:
384:
339:
302:
289:Guard Battalion
272:
267:
196:
165:
150:
139:
96:
92:
88:
59:
57:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1887:
1877:
1876:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1853:Defence League
1850:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1793:Ă„mari Air Base
1790:
1784:
1782:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1661:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1644:Tapa Army Base
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1619:Viru Battalion
1616:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1589:
1575:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1513:
1512:
1505:
1498:
1490:
1482:
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1472:. Retrieved
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1386:. Retrieved
1382:postimees.ee
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1329:
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1308:. Retrieved
1304:the original
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1216:the original
1211:
1199:
1191:france24.com
1190:
1181:
1173:postimees.ee
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1112:. Retrieved
1101:Kaitse Kodu!
1100:
1075:. Retrieved
1064:Kaitse Kodu!
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1041:. Retrieved
1030:Kaitse Kodu!
1029:
1019:
1007:. Retrieved
996:Kaitse Kodu!
995:
985:
973:. Retrieved
962:Kaitse Kodu!
961:
936:. Retrieved
925:Kaitse Kodu!
924:
897:
885:. Retrieved
874:Kaitse Kodu!
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851:. Retrieved
840:Kaitse Kodu!
839:
829:
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806:Kaitse Kodu!
805:
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626:Battle rifle
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104:Part of
18:
1659:2nd Brigade
1601:1st Brigade
1573:Land Forces
1474:10 November
1445:10 November
1414:10 February
1388:13 November
1362:14 November
1336:13 November
1310:12 December
1280:13 November
1274:elukutse.ee
1251:13 November
1154:news.err.ee
764:10 November
172:Rivo Meimer
133:Engagements
114:Garrison/HQ
1212:www.mil.ee
759:www.mil.ee
738:References
159:Commanders
1823:Education
1780:Air Force
1538:Equipment
1356:issuu.com
1109:1406-3387
1072:1406-3387
1038:1406-3387
1004:1406-3387
970:1406-3387
933:1406-3387
882:1406-3387
848:1406-3387
814:1406-3387
454:Equipment
432:Selection
427:Personnel
410:Structure
214:) is the
166:commander
1868:Category
1587:Division
1468:delfi.ee
1439:delfi.ee
1330:delfi.ee
1245:delfi.ee
680:See also
553:4.6Ă—30mm
484:Glock 19
475:Caliber
445:Training
417:sections
277:spetsnaz
255:Estonian
204:Estonian
177:Insignia
141:Mali War
1802:Command
1691:Support
1548:Uniform
1225:16 July
660:Germany
621:Germany
582:Germany
543:Germany
504:Austria
469:Origin
265:History
216:command
170:Colonel
164:Current
147:Website
119:Tallinn
66:Estonia
54:Country
1300:mil.ee
1156:. ERR.
1135:err.ee
1114:4 June
1107:
1077:1 June
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975:1 June
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903:"Home"
887:1 June
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853:1 June
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812:
784:mil.ee
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478:Notes
466:Image
463:Model
421:squads
396:Jackal
212:ESTSOF
63:
46:Active
1716:Other
1558:Flags
1543:Ranks
1219:(PDF)
1208:(PDF)
718:Notes
472:Type
311:SHAPE
128:8 May
1752:Navy
1553:Oath
1476:2017
1447:2017
1416:2021
1390:2017
1364:2017
1338:2017
1312:2019
1282:2017
1253:2017
1227:2018
1116:2018
1105:ISSN
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1068:ISSN
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878:ISSN
855:2018
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821:2018
810:ISSN
766:2017
419:and
392:Mali
347:IEDs
343:ISAF
329:and
249:The
234:and
198:The
82:Role
72:Type
400:Gao
390:in
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