131:, and pass the thesis defense. The degree requires a high level of expertise in the theoretical aspects of relevant scientific principles and experience with details of the implementation of theory on realistic problems. The DEng takes three to six years (full-time) to complete and has compulsory taught components and coursework/projects and is granted in recognition of high achievement in scholarship and an ability to apply engineering fundamentals to the solution of complex technical problems.
432:, both singly or in partnership with other universities as industrial doctorate centres. Students on the scheme are encouraged to describe themselves as 'research engineers' rather than 'research students' and as of 2009 the minimum funding level was ÂŁ1,500 higher than the minimum funding level for PhD students. Advocates of the scheme like to draw attention to the fact that EngD students share some courses with MBA students.
139:
Doctoral
Advisor, and pass the thesis defense. It usually takes more than three years for a student with an M.S. Degree to complete his/her doctoral study. However, there are few areas of study (such as Materials Science, Polymer Technology, and Biomedical Engineering) where both Doctor of Science and Doctor of Engineering can be awarded depending upon the graduate school which houses the department.
263:
foundational work that is published in industry journals, the EngD demands that research be applied to solving a real-world problem using the latest engineering concepts and tools. The program culminates in the production of a thesis, dissertation, or praxis, for use by practicing engineers to address a common concern or challenge. Research toward the EngD is “applied” rather than basic.
239:
universities). The panel remained convinced of the value and performance of the EngD scheme, and made six key recommendations including clearer brand definition, academic study of the longer-term impacts of the scheme, promotion of the scheme to potential new sponsors, business sectors and REs, work with the
230:
The
Engineering Doctorate (EngD) scheme was established by the EPSRC in 1992 following the recommendations of the 1990 Engineering Doctorate Report, produced by a working group chaired by Professor John Parnaby. The scheme was launched with five centres - at Warwick, UMIST and Manchester universities
234:
In a 2006 stakeholder survey of the scheme conducted on behalf of EPSRC it was found that the quality of output of research engineers was perceived to match or exceed that of a PhD. However, the majority of respondents disagreed with claims that EngDs were recruited to higher-paid posts than PhDs or
262:
In other cases, the distinction is one of orientation and intended outcomes. The Doctor of
Engineering degree is designed for practitioners who wish to apply the knowledge they gain in a business or technical environment. Unlike a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree program, wherein research leads to
138:
universities is equivalent to a PhD degree. To be admitted as a doctoral student, one must hold a master's degree in the same or related subject and pass a comprehensive entrance exam. The student must complete necessary course work, perform independent research under the supervision of a qualified
238:
A March 2007 "Review of the EPSRC Engineering
Doctorate Centres" noted that since 1992, some 1230 research engineers had been enrolled, sponsored by over 510 different companies (28 had sponsored at least six REs), at 22 centres based at 14 universities (some jointly run by several collaborating
258:
In some countries, the Doctor of
Engineering and the PhD in Engineering are equivalent degrees. Both doctorates are research doctorates representing the highest academic qualification in engineering. As such, both EngD and PhD programs require students to develop original research leading to a
266:
The PhD is highly focused on developing theoretical knowledge, while the EngD emphasizes applied research. Upon completion, graduates of PhD programs generally migrate to full-time faculty positions in academia, while those of EngD programs re-emerge in the industry as applied researchers or
105:
Countries following the German/US model of education usually have similar requirements for awarding PhD (Eng) and doctor of engineering degrees. The common degree abbreviations in the US are DEng/EngD, DEngSc/EngScD, whereas in
Germany it is more commonly known as
231:
and a Welsh consortium led by
University College Swansea. After a 1997 review, a further tranche of five centres were established, and further centres were added in 2001 and 2006 following calls by EPSRC in particular areas of identified national need.
126:
in engineering or related science subject and pass a comprehensive entrance exam. The student must complete the necessary required course work, be taught examinable courses, perform independent research under the supervision of a qualified
65:
The DEng/EngD along with the PhD represents the highest academic qualification in engineering, and the successful completion of either in engineering is generally required to gain employment as a full-time, tenure-track university
259:
dissertation defense. Furthermore, both doctorates enable holders to become faculty members at academic institutions. The EngD and PhD in
Engineering are terminal degrees, allowing the recipient to obtain a tenure-track position.
235:
that EngDs were more desirable to employers than PhDs. Observations were made that the EngD was not widely known, and that universities may offer EngD degrees that were not necessarily of the format promoted by the EPSRC.
212:-equivalent research and undertake taught business and technical courses whilst working closely with an industrial sponsor. Successful candidates are awarded the degree of Doctor of Engineering (EngD) and are addressed as
1407:
1436:
152:(Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften, Dr.-Ing.) and is usually earned after four to six years of research and completing a dissertation. A researcher pursuing a doctorate needs to hold a master's degree or the
417:
This listing is incomplete. ABET accreditation is not applicable to doctoral programs. Therefore, there are a number of schools with regionally accredited doctoral programs which are not on this list.
1312:
951:
227:
8. However, a doctoral degree typically incorporates a research project which must offer an original contribution to knowledge within an academic subject area; an element which NVQs lack.
1349:
798:
1753:
1714:
1399:
1428:
1461:
185:
on the basis of a significant contribution to some field of engineering over the course of a career. However, since 1992 some
British universities have introduced the
806:
990:
74:
in the field. However, due to its nature, a DEng/EngD graduate might be more suitable for the
Professor of Practice position. Individuals can use the academic title
1100:
769:
864:
835:
169:) was a formerly applied science research degree. It was discontinued after 1984 and engineers wishing to go further as researchers now have to seek a PhD.
1320:
1936:
1898:
1861:
1824:
1075:
593:
Industrial Doctorate Centre in Composites Manufacture (University of Bristol, University of Nottingham, University of Manchester, Cranfield University)
480:
Industrial Doctorate Centre in Composites Manufacture (University of Bristol, University of Nottingham, University of Manchester, Cranfield University)
205:
519:
STREAM - IDC for the Water Sector (Cranfield University, Imperial College London, University of Exeter, University of Sheffield, Newcastle University)
671:
Manufacturing Technology Engineering Doctorate Centre (MTEDC - The Universities of Nottingham, University of Birmingham, and Loughborough University)
495:
Manufacturing Technology Engineering Doctorate Centre (MTEDC - The Universities of Nottingham, University of Birmingham, and Loughborough University)
689:
Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) in Structural Metallic Systems for Gas Turbine Applications (Universities of Cambridge, Swansea and Birmingham)
468:
Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) in Structural Metallic Systems for Gas Turbine Applications (Universities of Cambridge, Swansea and Birmingham)
2112:
1204:
1482:
910:
1761:
1722:
1675:
1532:
1341:
1125:
889:
93:, consisting of a body of applied and practical methods/products with the main goal of solving complex industrial problems. Candidates must
1507:
451:
Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Materials and Manufacturing (University of Warwick, University of Exeter, Cranfield University)
1797:
634:
Optics and Photonics Technologies (Heriot-Watt (lead), Glasgow, St Andrews, Strathclyde and the Scottish University Physics Alliance)
516:
Optics and Photonics Technologies (Heriot-Watt (lead), Glasgow, St Andrews, Strathclyde and the Scottish University Physics Alliance)
552:
62:
in engineering but applicable more in industry rather than in academia. The degree is usually aimed toward working professionals.
361:
268:
114:(PDEng), which is equivalent to the EngD (as of 1 September 2022, the PDEng title in The Netherlands has been renamed to EngD).
1262:
1566:
674:
Centre for Doctoral Training in Non-Destructive Evaluation (Imperial College London, Bristol, Nottingham, Strathclyde, Warwick)
448:
Centre for Doctoral Training in Non-Destructive Evaluation (Imperial College London, Bristol, Nottingham, Strathclyde, Warwick)
1150:
1457:
111:
668:
Efficient Fossil Energy Technologies (The Universities of Nottingham, University of Birmingham, and Loughborough University)
471:
Efficient Fossil Energy Technologies (The Universities of Nottingham, University of Birmingham, and Loughborough University)
406:
1029:
411:
396:
1233:
943:
707:
483:
Industrial Doctoral Centre for Offshore Renewable Energy (IDCORE) (Universities of Edinburgh, Strathclyde and Exeter)
312:
1096:
656:(Cranfield University, Imperial College London, University of Exeter, University of Sheffield, Newcastle University)
1595:
1175:
777:
381:
856:
827:
1851:
307:
590:, University of Exeter, Strathclyde University, the Scottish Association for Marine Sciences and HR-Wallingford)
2142:
1790:
613:
489:
189:, abbreviated as "EngD", which is instead a research doctorate and regarded in the UK as equivalent to a PhD.
386:
376:
317:
1071:
997:
2078:
702:
351:
302:
1378:
1847:
692:
Engineering Doctoral Centre in High Value, Low Environmental Impact Manufacturing (University of Warwick)
474:
Engineering Doctoral Centre in High Value, Low Environmental Impact Manufacturing (University of Warwick)
1654:
1625:
1291:
336:
2137:
1783:
1196:
574:
341:
297:
1916:
1486:
918:
356:
1758:
1719:
1679:
1536:
1843:
1121:
885:
587:
556:
391:
371:
366:
244:
71:
1511:
559:, University of Exeter, Strathclyde University and the Scottish Association for Marine Sciences)
1889:
604:
459:
240:
198:
267:
Executives. If working full-time in industry, graduates of EngD and PhD programs often become
1950:
749:
744:
186:
683:
MATTER: Manufacturing Advances Through Training Engineering Researchers (Swansea University)
501:
MATTER: Manufacturing Advances Through Training Engineering Researchers (Swansea University)
2064:
2020:
1926:
1912:
1870:
1815:
739:
727:
717:
570:
566:
401:
292:
209:
17:
8:
2055:
2040:
712:
628:
510:
346:
97:
this work before a panel of expert examiners called a thesis or dissertation committee.
1982:
1907:
600:
455:
123:
247:
status, creation of a virtual "EngD Academy", and increased resources for the scheme.
2074:
1838:
1254:
722:
79:
1558:
1051:
580:
549:
EPSRC and NERC Industrial Centre for Doctoral Training for Offshore Renewable Energy
2104:
2060:
1977:
1833:
1146:
686:
COATED: Centre Of Advanced Training for Engineering Doctorates (Swansea University)
465:
COATED: Centre Of Advanced Training for Engineering Doctorates (Swansea University)
182:
154:
128:
90:
2099:
2083:
2045:
2030:
1997:
1807:
1765:
1726:
733:
148:
55:
51:
2069:
2025:
1992:
1875:
1021:
610:
Innovative and Collaborative Construction Engineering (Loughborough University)
486:
Innovative and Collaborative Construction Engineering (Loughborough University)
426:
202:
178:
94:
75:
85:
DEng/EngD candidates submit a significant project, typically referred to as a
2131:
250:
Work on establishing an Association of Engineering Doctorates began in 2010.
208:(EPSRC). The programme is undertaken for over four years. Students conduct
1775:
1987:
540:
Virtual Environments, Imaging and Visualisation (University College London)
1225:
2050:
1559:"Centre for Doctoral Training Sustainable Materials Manufacturing / Home"
1171:
47:
1587:
637:
Sustainability for Engineering and Energy Systems (University of Surrey)
596:
522:
Sustainability for Engineering and Energy Systems (University of Surrey)
662:
Technologies for Sustainable Built Environments (University of Reading)
581:
Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Materials and Manufacturing
531:
Technologies for Sustainable Built Environments (University of Reading)
429:
1945:
643:
Molecular Modelling and Materials Science (University College London)
507:
Molecular Modelling and Materials Science (University College London)
332:
accredited undergraduate degree offer Doctor of Engineering degrees:
135:
67:
43:
1510:. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Archived from
1485:. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Archived from
583:(University of Warwick, University of Exeter, Cranfield University)
285:
107:
625:
Micro & Nano-Materials and Technologies (University of Surrey)
504:
Micro & Nano-Materials and Technologies (University of Surrey)
1122:"Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment – PhD – StudyUKM"
991:"Review of the Engineering Doctorate Scheme: Stakeholders Survey"
143:
1400:"Manufacturing Program – Doctor of Engineering in Manufacturing"
1370:
2035:
2002:
1921:
659:
Systems Approaches to Biomedical Science (University of Oxford)
646:
Urban Sustainability and Resilience (University College London)
537:
Urban Sustainability and Resilience (University College London)
528:
Systems Approaches to Biomedical Science (University of Oxford)
162:
86:
122:
To be admitted as a doctoral student, one must usually hold a
1646:
1617:
1283:
977:
Report of a Review of the EPSRC Engineering Doctorate Centres
915:
Graduates.co.uk - Careers Advice, Postgrad Study and Gap Year
653:
619:
Bioprocess Engineering Leadership (University College London)
562:
445:
Bioprocess Engineering Leadership (University College London)
677:
Advanced Forming and Manufacture (University of Strathclyde)
649:
Biopharmaceutical Process Development (Newcastle University)
442:
Biopharmaceutical Process Development (Newcastle University)
439:
Advanced Forming and Manufacture (University of Strathclyde)
1731:
1704:
548:
329:
274:
1770:
1743:
1709:
586:
Industrial Doctoral Centre for Offshore Renewable Energy (
425:
In 2009, Engineering Doctorate schemes were offered by 45
134:
A Doctor of Engineering degree awarded by universities in
100:
1748:
640:
Transport and the Environment (University of Southampton)
534:
Transport and the Environment (University of Southampton)
253:
224:
220:
59:
1342:"Doctor of Engineering Online - Penn State World Campus"
328:
The following universities which also happen to have an
1097:"Doctor Of Engineering (DEng) - FACULTY OF ENGINEERING"
544:
The following EPSRC-funded centres have offered EngDs:
435:
The following EPSRC-funded centres have offered EngDs:
192:
736:, the equivalent engineering doctore degree in Germany
622:
Systems (University of Bristol and University of Bath)
525:
Systems (University of Bristol and University of Bath)
110:
The common degree abbreviation in the Netherlands is
1197:"Doctor of Engineering | Cleveland State University"
616:(Universities of Leeds, Oxford, St Andrews and York)
492:(Universities of Leeds, Oxford, St Andrews and York)
631:(Imperial College London, University of Manchester)
513:(Imperial College London, University of Manchester)
271:in top undergraduate and graduate degree programs.
181:, the D.Eng. degree was traditionally awarded as a
665:Formulation Engineering (University of Birmingham)
477:Formulation Engineering (University of Birmingham)
219:In the UK a similar formation to doctorate is the
206:Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
2129:
1172:"Institute of Postgraduate Studies and Research"
996:. Strategic Marketing Associates. Archived from
1458:"What Programs Does ABET Accredit? | ABET"
1429:"D.Eng. in Electrical and Computer Engineering"
2113:Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)
971:
969:
197:The Engineering Doctorate scheme is a British
1805:
1791:
146:the doctoral degree in engineering is called
1014:
966:
857:"PDEng becomes EngD as of 1 September 2022"
828:"PDEng becomes EngD as of 1 September 2022"
680:Machining Science (University of Sheffield)
498:Machining Science (University of Sheffield)
172:
1798:
1784:
1563:www.sustainablematerialsmanufacturing.com
563:Renewable Energy Marine Structures (REMS)
1618:"The Stream Industrial Doctorate Centre"
1525:
1500:
1072:"Postgraduate Programme - USM Admission"
275:List of Universities or Research Centres
1668:
937:
935:
911:"How Do NVQs Stack Up Against Degrees?"
101:International equivalent qualifications
14:
2130:
1483:"Engineering Doctorate Centre Details"
770:"DEng vs. PhD – Doctor of Engineering"
254:Relationship between DEng/EngD and PhD
1779:
1026:Association of Engineering Doctorates
941:
288:offer Doctor of Engineering degrees:
112:Professional Doctorate in Engineering
78:, which is often represented via the
27:Professional doctorate in engineering
954:from the original on 6 February 2023
944:"Doctoring the degree (17 May 1996)"
932:
243:to develop a career path for REs to
193:Modern British Engineering Doctorate
1754:Promotional pamphlet by EPSRC (pdf)
1737:
1715:Promotional pamphlet by EPSRC (pdf)
24:
1615:
1404:University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
454:Centre for Digital Entertainment (
397:University of California, Berkeley
25:
2154:
1698:
1433:University of Michigan - Dearborn
1032:from the original on 5 March 2016
948:Times Higher Education Supplement
886:"Comparing qualifications levels"
708:Doctor of Business Administration
420:
313:University of Technology Malaysia
165:the degree of "Doctor-Engineer" (
1375:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
1226:"Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng.)"
597:Centre for Digital Entertainment
407:University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
382:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
323:
1852:Certificate of Higher Education
1657:from the original on 2020-06-10
1639:
1628:from the original on 2018-03-14
1609:
1598:from the original on 2018-03-03
1580:
1569:from the original on 2019-01-19
1551:
1475:
1464:from the original on 2021-04-14
1450:
1439:from the original on 2022-07-15
1421:
1410:from the original on 2022-08-10
1392:
1381:from the original on 2024-04-03
1363:
1352:from the original on 2023-01-16
1334:
1305:
1294:from the original on 2018-05-11
1276:
1265:from the original on 2020-09-02
1247:
1236:from the original on 2022-07-01
1218:
1207:from the original on 2017-10-23
1189:
1178:from the original on 2019-12-28
1164:
1153:from the original on 2022-05-21
1147:"Engineering Doctorate (Eng.D)"
1139:
1128:from the original on 2022-10-07
1114:
1103:from the original on 2017-12-04
1089:
1078:from the original on 2022-05-20
1064:
1044:
892:from the original on 2014-11-04
867:from the original on 2022-06-30
838:from the original on 2022-06-30
412:University of Michigan–Dearborn
308:National University of Malaysia
1676:"Industrial Doctorate Centres"
1533:"Industrial Doctorate Centres"
983:
942:Irwin, Aisling (17 May 1996).
903:
878:
849:
820:
791:
762:
730:, an academic PhD-level degree
614:Large-scale Complex IT Systems
490:Large-scale Complex IT Systems
284:The following universities in
13:
1:
1592:www.digital-entertainment.org
979:. Swindon: EPSRC. March 2007.
799:"Degrees awarded at Imperial"
755:
387:Southern Methodist University
377:Pennsylvania State University
318:Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
703:British degree abbreviations
352:George Washington University
303:University of Putra Malaysia
7:
1848:Diploma of Higher Education
696:
279:
10:
2159:
950:. Times Higher Education.
337:Cleveland State University
201:programme promoted by the
117:
2092:
2011:
1970:
1963:
1935:
1897:
1888:
1860:
1823:
1814:
1230:Colorado State University
575:University of Strathclyde
342:Colorado State University
298:University Sains Malaysia
1052:"Faculty of Engineering"
861:Stan Ackermans Institute
832:Stan Ackermans Institute
774:Johns Hopkins University
654:IDC for the Water Sector
357:Johns Hopkins University
173:British Higher Doctorate
1844:Higher National Diploma
1771:Association of EngDs UK
1732:Association of EngDs UK
1678:. EPSRC. Archived from
1535:. EPSRC. Archived from
1346:www.worldcampus.psu.edu
1317:Morgan State University
1313:"Doctor of Engineering"
1288:Morgan State University
1284:"School of Engineering"
803:Imperial College London
588:University of Edinburgh
557:University of Edinburgh
372:Old Dominion University
367:Morgan State University
72:postdoctoral researcher
1759:Article about the EngD
1720:Article about the EngD
1588:"About CDE | CDE"
605:Bournemouth University
460:Bournemouth University
241:Engineering Council UK
199:postgraduate education
2143:Engineering education
1951:Candidate of Sciences
1259:Doctor of Engineering
750:Master of Engineering
745:Engineering education
187:Engineering Doctorate
158:degree (Dipl.-Ing.).
32:Doctor of Engineering
2021:Academic certificate
1913:Postgraduate diploma
728:Doctor of Technology
718:Doctor of Philosophy
571:University of Oxford
567:Cranfield University
402:University of Dayton
293:University of Malaya
2056:Professional degree
713:Doctor of Education
629:Nuclear Engineering
511:Nuclear Engineering
347:Columbia University
1983:Doctor of Sciences
1764:2018-08-07 at the
1725:2018-08-07 at the
1682:on 21 October 2012
1622:www.stream-idc.net
1539:on 21 October 2012
1508:"Minimum payments"
601:University of Bath
456:University of Bath
269:adjunct professors
245:Chartered Engineer
2125:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2075:Specialist degree
1959:
1958:
1927:Engineer's degree
1884:
1883:
1871:Bachelor's degree
1839:Foundation degree
1651:veiv.cs.ucl.ac.uk
1022:"About the AEngD"
740:Engineer's degree
723:Doctor of Science
167:docteur-ingénieur
80:English honorific
16:(Redirected from
2150:
2138:Doctoral degrees
2061:Graduate diploma
1978:Higher doctorate
1968:
1967:
1895:
1894:
1834:Associate degree
1821:
1820:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1777:
1776:
1744:IDCORE's website
1705:IDCORE's website
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1584:
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1529:
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1419:
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1415:
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1387:
1386:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1319:. Archived from
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1251:
1245:
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1042:
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1037:
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1002:
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987:
981:
980:
973:
964:
963:
961:
959:
939:
930:
929:
927:
926:
917:. Archived from
907:
901:
900:
898:
897:
882:
876:
875:
873:
872:
853:
847:
846:
844:
843:
824:
818:
817:
815:
814:
805:. Archived from
795:
789:
788:
786:
785:
776:. Archived from
766:
362:Lamar University
183:higher doctorate
155:Diplom-Ingenieur
129:doctoral advisor
42:) is a research
21:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2117:
2100:Honorary degree
2088:
2084:Terminal degree
2046:Magister degree
2031:External degree
2013:
2007:
1955:
1931:
1908:Master's degree
1880:
1856:
1810:
1808:academic degree
1804:
1766:Wayback Machine
1749:EPSRC's website
1740:
1727:Wayback Machine
1710:EPSRC's website
1701:
1696:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1660:
1658:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1631:
1629:
1614:
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1601:
1599:
1586:
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1572:
1570:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1542:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1492:
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1481:
1480:
1476:
1467:
1465:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1442:
1440:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1413:
1411:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1384:
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56:terminal degree
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1988:Habilitation
1971:Postdoctoral
1890:Postgraduate
1684:. Retrieved
1680:the original
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2065:certificate
2051:Microdegree
2012:No dominant
1917:certificate
1371:"Academics"
48:engineering
2132:Categories
2041:Licentiate
1806:Levels of
1686:27 October
1661:2020-06-10
1632:2018-03-06
1602:2018-03-06
1573:2019-01-17
1543:27 October
1518:2013-02-21
1493:2010-01-28
1468:2021-04-14
1443:2022-07-15
1414:2022-07-15
1385:2024-04-11
1356:2023-01-16
1327:2018-05-10
1298:2018-05-10
1269:2020-08-29
1240:2022-07-15
1211:2018-05-10
1182:2022-06-21
1157:2022-06-21
1132:2022-06-21
1107:2022-06-21
1082:2022-06-21
1057:2022-06-21
1036:27 October
1007:2008-02-06
958:27 October
925:2018-03-06
896:2013-10-02
871:2022-06-23
842:2022-06-23
813:2023-01-09
784:2023-01-09
756:References
136:East Asian
2106:Ad eundem
2077:/
2063:/
1946:Doctorate
1915:/
1850:/
1846:/
1028:. AEngD.
652:STREAM -
68:professor
44:doctorate
2093:Unearned
1762:Archived
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1655:Archived
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952:Archived
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836:Archived
697:See also
286:Malaysia
280:Malaysia
2079:diploma
1939:level 8
1901:level 7
1864:level 6
1827:level 5
177:In the
144:Germany
118:History
2108:degree
2036:Laurea
2003:Fellow
1998:Tenure
1993:Docent
1647:"Home"
1255:"Home"
553:IDCORE
214:doctor
163:France
108:Dr-Ing
95:defend
91:praxis
87:thesis
82:"Dr”.
76:doctor
1964:Other
1937:ISCED
1899:ISCED
1862:ISCED
1825:ISCED
1001:(PDF)
994:(PDF)
223:8 or
36:D.Eng
1688:2012
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1038:2012
960:2012
573:and
330:ABET
203:UK's
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40:EngD
30:The
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225:QCF
221:NVQ
210:PhD
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