489:, pp. 269–270, 285(p. 269) Subhas Bose arrived in Venice on 6 March 1933, and was greeted by a message from the Hindustan Association of Italy, questions from Italian journalists, and his nephew Asoke Bose. After briefly resting in Venice, Subhas Bose and his nephew made their way to Vienaa, which was to become his home base in Europe. He had never been to pre-war Vienna, the capital of the earlier Hapsburg Empire. To Bose, Vienna beckoned as a great medical center, as one of the cultural capitals of the world, and as a great city at the crossroads of Europe, from where he could travel through the continent. ... (p. 285) When Bose returned to Vienna in June 1934, he had secured a contract from the British publisher Lawrence Wishart to write a book on Indian politics with a deadline later in the year, and he looked for a secretary, a trustworthy person who could help him with the preparation of the book. Through an Indian doctor in Vienna, Dr. Mathur, Bose was introduced to Emilie Schenkl, a young Viennese woman. She was born on 26 December 1910, to an Austrian Catholic family.
317:
Bose and Miss
Schenkl were married in 1942, while Krishna Bose, implying 1941, leaves the date ambiguous. The strangest and most confusing testimony comes from A. C. N. Nambiar, who was with the couple in Badgastein briefly in 1937, and was with them in Berlin during the war as second-in-command to Bose. In an answer to my question about the marriage, he wrote to me in 1978: 'I cannot state anything definite about the marriage of Bose referred to by you, since I came to know of it only a good while after the end of the last world war ... I can imagine the marriage having been a very informal one ...' ... So what are we left with? ... We know they had a close passionate relationship and that they had a child, Anita, born 29 November 1942, in Vienna. ... And we have Emilie Schenkl's testimony that they were married secretly in 1937. Whatever the precise dates, the most important thing is the relationship."
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280:, whose goal was to gain India's independence militarily with Japanese help. Bose's effort was unsuccessful. He died in a plane crash in Taihoku (now Taipei), Japanese-held Formosa, now Taiwan, on 18 August 1945, while attempting to escape to the Japanese-held town of Dairen (now Dalian) on the Manchurian peninsula.
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Gordon comments: "Although we must take Emilie
Schenkl at her word (about her secret marriage to Bose in 1937), there are a few nagging doubts about an actual marriage ceremony because there is no document that I have seen and no testimony by any other person. ... Other biographers have written that
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Schenkl and her daughter survived the war with no support or communication from Bose. During their seven years and eight months of marriage, Schenkl and Bose spent less than three years together, putting strains on
Schenkl. Bose never publicly acknowledged his marriage and privately did so only in a
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letter addressed to his elder brother Sarat, asking him to look after his wife and daughter if he failed to see the end of the journey — a monumental act of irresponsibility as a father if not husband. He had been trying to leave for East Asia since the previous year, and knew of his impending
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She was introduced to Bose in June 1934, or sometime thereafter, through a mutual friend, Dr. Mathur, an Indian physician living in Vienna. Bose, nearly 13 years her senior, had arrived there with a contract from a
British publisher for writing a book on Indian politics. As Schenkl could take
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Sometime after Bose had arrived in Berlin, according to historian Romain Hayes, "the (German) Foreign Office procured a luxurious residence for him along with a butler, cook, gardener, and an SS-chauffeured car. Emilie
Schenkl moved in openly with him. The Germans, aware of the nature of the
326:"It may be understandable, even admirable, that Bose made the decision to rank the project of national liberation above his family life at that juncture. However, Bose left Schenkl and their newborn child to fend for themselves in war-time Europe with nothing more than a
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In
November 1942, Schenkl gave birth to their daughter. In February 1943, Bose left Schenkl and their baby daughter and boarded a German submarine to travel, via transfer to a Japanese submarine, to Japanese-occupied Southeast Asia. With Japanese support, he formed a
268:, "appear to have disliked her intensely. They believed that she and Bose were not married and that she was using her liaison with Bose to live an especially comfortable life during the hard times of war" and that differences were compounded by issues of class.
300:, welcomed Schenkl and her daughter and met with her in Austria in 1948, Schenkl never visited India. According to her daughter, Schenkl was a very private woman and tight-lipped about her relationship with Bose. Emilie Schenkl died in 1996.
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and was the main breadwinner of her family, which included her daughter and her mother. Although some family members from Bose's extended family, including his brother
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letter to his brother Sarat written in
Bengali and given to Emilie before he left Europe, with instructions for it to be posted to him in the event of his death.
216:—on account of her father's reluctance for her to have formal schooling. Her father became unhappy with her progress in secondary school and enrolled her in a
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Schenkl met Bose in 1934, and the two formed a romantic relationship while she worked for him as a secretary. She later became the mother of their daughter
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family. The paternal granddaughter of a shoemaker and the daughter of a veterinarian, she started primary school late—towards the end of the
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Bose, Sarmila (2005), "Love in the Time of War: Subhas
Chandra Bose's Journeys to Nazi Germany (1941) and towards the Soviet Union (1945)",
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letter addressed to his elder brother Sarat, asking him to look after his wife and daughter if he failed to see the end of the journey.
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for
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militarily with
Japanese patronage, died in a plane crash soon after the Japanese surrender in August 1945.
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and his family in an emotional meeting in Vienna. In the post-war years, Schenkl worked shifts in the
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during Bose's stay in Germany from 3 April 1941 until 8 February 1943. Following his departure from
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Schenkl decided against becoming a nun and went back to school, finishing when she was 20. The
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Brothers against the Raj: a biography of Indian nationalists Sarat and Subhas Chandra Bose
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Democracy Indian Style: Subhas Chandra Bose and the Creation of India's Political Culture
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and was the main breadwinner of her family, which included her daughter and her mother.
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Subhas Chandra Bose in Nazi Germany: Politics, Intelligence and Propaganda 1941-1943
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and her English and typing skills were good, she was hired by Bose. The book became
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relationship, refrained from any involvement." However, most of the staff in the
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His Majesty's Opponent: Subhas Chandra Bose and India's Struggle against Empire
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678:"Wearing the mantle with grace"
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1175:statue (Shyambazar, Kolkata)
898:Indian independence movement
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204:Emilie Schenkl was born in
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649:Pelinka, Anton (2003),
101:Austro-German (1918–19)
1044:Joachim von Ribbentrop
1029:Adam von Trott zu Solz
883:All India Forward Bloc
622:Hayes, Romain (2011),
127:(1937–1945; his death)
994:Sachindra Nath Sanyal
251:Berlin during the war
183:British rule in India
1157:Mukherjee Commission
1087:Jaganath Rao Bhonsle
908:Indian National Army
278:Indian National Army
37:Emilie Schenkl with
1221:Subhas Chandra Bose
1173:Subhas Chandra Bose
796:Subhas Chandra Bose
389:, pp. 344–345.
237:The Indian Struggle
164:Subhas Chandra Bose
125:Subhas Chandra Bose
39:Subhas Chandra Bose
947:Surrender of Japan
836:Sarat Chandra Bose
820:(wife / companion)
690:on 3 December 2013
298:Sarat Chandra Bose
190:Sarat Chandra Bose
168:Indian nationalist
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999:Ram Prasad Bismil
974:Bengal Volunteers
888:Free India Centre
662:978-1-4128-2154-4
635:978-0-19-932739-3
608:978-0-231-07442-1
581:978-0-674-04754-9
266:Leonard A. Gordon
220:for four years.
210:Austrian Catholic
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1107:Rash Behari Bose
1092:Iwaichi Fujiwara
1024:A. C. N. Nambiar
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1142:Bibliography
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1034:Adolf Hitler
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731:India portal
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688:the original
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585:, retrieved
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566:Bose, Sugata
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76:(1996-03-13)
18:
1206:1996 deaths
1201:1910 births
1077:Hideki Tojo
694:31 December
668:17 November
614:17 November
517:Gordon 1990
502:Gordon 1990
487:Gordon 1990
475:Gordon 1990
433:Gordon 1990
387:Gordon 1990
93:Nationality
1195:Categories
1019:Abid Hasan
814:(daughter)
539:References
529:Hayes 2011
402:Hayes 2011
370:Hayes 2011
284:Later life
200:Early life
170:leader.
111:Occupation
52:1910-12-26
1117:Abbas Ali
1060:(1943–45)
1012:(1941–43)
967:(1921–40)
868:Azad Hind
683:The Hindu
421:Bose 2005
352:Citations
233:shorthand
214:Great War
153:secretary
138:(b. 1942)
106:(1919–96)
99:(1910–18)
1152:RenkĹŤ-ji
979:C.R. Das
923:Jai Hind
844:(nephew)
832:(mother)
826:(father)
568:(2011),
160:operator
132:Children
104:Austrian
1009:Germany
559:4416082
342:Bengali
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218:nunnery
86:Austria
1130:Legacy
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82:Vienna
60:Vienna
1137:Death
964:India
936:U-180
555:JSTOR
304:Notes
166:, an
929:I-29
696:2013
670:2013
657:ISBN
643:2013
630:ISBN
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603:ISBN
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576:ISBN
155:and
71:Died
46:Born
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