499:, Russia, for anti-Soviet agitation and assistance to Catholic ecclesiastics abroad. He was repeatedly interrogated and on 14 October 1941 a bill of indictment was prepared in Kirov, in which he was accused of carrying out anti-Soviet agitation by using the religious feelings of the masses to incite hatred for the USSR and the Communist Party. In addition, he was accused of espionage in favor of the Third Reich, proven by his visit to the embassy in Tallinn. After the next interrogations, on 17 October 17, he was confronted with further evidence of anti-Soviet talks with his fellow prisoner. He always maintained his innocence.
384:, and titular archbishop of Adrianople. Catholicism had been banned from 1561 until 1719. The Catholic Church in Estonia at that time was relatively small, poor, and dispersed. As new administrator he quickly developed a pastoral plan. His sermons were particularly popular, attracting also those of other faiths. For the next ten years, he played a leading role in building the Catholic Church in Estonia. "Without the contribution of the bishop, the Catholic Church would not have withstood the years of occupation."
526:
471:. He decided to stay. He went to the German embassy in Tallinn three times to obtain exit visas for certain Catholic priests, fifteen sisters and Baltic Germans to leave for Germany. However, the church's situation had deteriorated, with priest and faithful persecuted by the communists. He described the whole situation in a letter to the Pope. At that time, the German embassy in Tallinn insisted that he take German citizenship again and renounce his Estonian citizenship, but he refused.
45:
391:(The Life of the Church), which was read especially by the Estonian intelligentsia. "He was well-known among Estonian intellectuals, worked on publishing, interacted with the political elite, and was one of the authorities in independent Estonian society." The number of the faithful grew steadily and new parishes were established in:
430:
Profittlich was a recognized preacher and a bishop. He began to address the issue of
Estonian-language literature on the subject of religion. He tried to change the image of the Catholic Church as a "Polish church", and be more open and closer to Estonians. In 1935, he requested and received Estonian
474:
In a letter to relatives and acquaintances on 8 February 1941, he wrote that the shepherd's place is with the flock where he shares the joy and suffering. He wrote that it is a great pleasure to experience the presence of God to whom we have given everything and that he is ready to give God his life
502:
The trial began on 25 October 1941, and he was found guilty. His appeal to the
Supreme Court of the USSR was rejected. He was sentenced to 5 years imprisonment and work in the labor camp in Kirov, but on 21 November of the same year he was sentenced to death by shooting, for anti-Soviet activities
558:" under the title "Causa Beatificationis seu Declarationis Martyrii Servorum Dei Eduardi Profittlich Archiepiscopi titularis Hadrianopolitani in Haemimonto Administratoris Apostolici Estoniensis, ex Societate Iesu et XV Sociorum", on 30 May 2003 an ecclesiastical procedure was opened in
538:
His honor is named on the premises of the Tartu
Catholic Education Center, and a memorial plaque (open on 11 September 1990) has been placed in the St Peter and St Paul Roman Catholic Church in Tallinn. The cathedral has a museum displaying some of the Archbishop's effects.
451:
of
Adrianople and on 27 December 1936 consecrated archbishop at the parish church of St Peter and St Paul in Tallinn, while remaining an apostolic administrator. Profittlich was the first Catholic bishop in Estonia since the passage of Estonian territories to
191:
Profittlich was born on 11 September 1890 in
Birresdorf, German Empire. He was the eighth of ten children born to peasant farmers, Markus Profittlich (1845-1921) and Dorothea Seiwert (1850-1913). After finishing elementary school in
769:
Lambert Klinke: Art. Archbishop Eduard
Profittlich. In: Helmut Moll (ed.): Witnesses to Christ. The German martyrology of the 20th century, 6th, extended and restructured edition, Schöningh, Paderborn 2015,
712:
758:
Alena Kharko: Eduard
Profittlich. In: Thomas Bremer, Burkhard Haneke (Hrsg.): Witnesses for God: Faith in communist time, Bd. 1. Aschendorff publishing house, Muenster 2014,
854:
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the clergy post mortem, and declared him innocent of the alleged crimes. Archives were also opened, in which documents of the
Archbishop's case were kept.
643:
514:. Even searching for members of his family did not bring anything new to the matter. A breakthrough came on 30 March 1990, when Estonia regained its
208:, but did not graduate. His parents wanted him to become a diocesan priest to help them in emergency situations, but on 11 April 1913 he entered the
566:. In March 2019, the beatification documents of Archbishop Eduard Profittlich reached the Congregation in Rome and were validated on 12 June 2020.
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and
Estonia in 1935, under which the legal status of the apostolic administration in Estonia was confirmed, on 27 November 1936 he was named
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713:"Servant of God Archbishop Eduard Profittlich, S.J.1890—1942", Apostellik Administratuur, Rooma – Katoliku Kirik Eestis, 17 February 2020
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196:, in 1904 he was prepared by a local parish priest to take up further education in Ahrweiler. In 1909, he moved to the school in
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518:. On 12 June 1990 the Supreme Court informed the Catholic Church about the fate of the Archbishop and the court has completely
775:
763:
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236:. Profittlich also wanted to become a Catholic priest and in September 1914 continued his studies at the scholasticate of
781:
Lambert Klinke: Archbishop Eduard
Profittlich and the Catholic Church in Estonia 1930–1942. Hess, Bad Schussenried 2000,
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348:, a German city with many Poles; from 9 March 1928 to 1930 he was parish priest in the Polish parish of Saint Ansgar in
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and surgical assistant in a hospital in Vuizven, France from 1915 to 1918. On 4 January 1916, Profittlich received the
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681:
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For 50 years after his arrest the future of the Archbishop was unknown. It was suspected that he was imprisoned in
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and espionage for Germany. On 22 February 1942 he died from exposure at Kirov before the sentence was carried out.
884:
644:
Watkins, Devin. "Catholics in Estonia pushing for canonization of Abp. Profittlich", Vatican News, 14 August 2019
460:
264:
745:
Lambert Klinke. "Erzbischof Eduard Profittlich und die Katolische Kirche in Estland 1930-1942". Ulm, Hess, 2000.
364:, appointed by the apostolic administrator of Estonia, Archbishop Antonio Zecchini, SJ, after his profession of
859:
614:
543:
748:"Der Fels", "Erzbischof Dr. Eduard Profittlich - ein Opfer des Kommunismus" (German), No. 7, R. 34, June 2003.
589:""Biography of Servant of God, Bishop Edward Profittlich, SJ", Book of Remembrance, University of Notre Dame"
301:
702:
Watkins, Devin. "Estonians look to martyred bishop ahead of Pope’s arrival", Vatican News, 19 September 2018
551:
297:, and on 30 August 1922 celebrated in his home parish church of St. Stephen in Leimersdorf his first Mass.
742:
Vello Salo. "EPISCOPUS ET MARTYR Eduard Profittlich in Estonia 1930-1941". - Maarjamaa, No 2 (133), 2011.
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process of Archbishop Eduard Profittlich (along with 15 lay people, priests and bishops). After the
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after the war and was there ordained deacon at Valkenburg on 26 March 1922 by the Archbishop of
237:
830:
https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D123410940
671:"Diplomatic relations between Estonia and The Holy See", Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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San Martín, Inés. "Estonian bishop doesn’t have ‘a recipe against secularization’",
220:, where the German Jesuits had settled as a result of their expulsion caused by the
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for all: "My life – and, if necessary, my death – is life and death for Christ."
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682:"Vatican may approve first Catholic saint from Estonia:, ERR, July 28, 2020
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in June 1940, Profittlich had to decide whether to leave or stay. He wrote
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Eduard Profittlich resumed his philosophical and theological studies at
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He began publishing the country's first church weekly magazine
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and Polish affairs, on 11 May 1931 Profittlich was appointed
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655:"Servant of God Eduard Gottlieb Profittlich", Santi e Beati
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for guidance. The Pope advised him to do whichever he felt
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336:. From September 1924 to June 1925 he was a missionary in
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289:(1871-1941). On 27 August 1922 Profittlich was ordained
200:, graduating from high school in 1912 and receiving a
415:. On 28 September 1933, in a private audience at the
371:
836:
228:. His older brother Peter (1878-1915) died as a
855:20th-century Roman Catholic titular archbishops
544:Bishops' Conference of the Russian Federation
155:(11 September 1890 – 22 February 1942) was a
900:Estonian people who died in Soviet detention
615:"catholicmartyrs - еп. Эдуард Профитлих, SJ"
796:(BBKL). Volume 19, Bautz, Nordhausen 2001,
174:, victim of Soviet persecution, martyr and
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794:Biographical Bibliographic Church Lexicon
792:Lambert Klinke: Profittlich, Eduard. In:
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344:, and from August 1925 to Match 1928 in
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483:On 27 June 1941, a few days after the
905:German expatriates in the Netherlands
552:Congregation for the Causes of Saints
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495:agents and transferred to prison in
491:, Profittlich was arrested by eight
870:Estonian Roman Catholic archbishops
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478:
13:
752:
382:Apostolic Administrator of Estonia
372:Apostolic Administrator and bishop
14:
926:
865:Estonian people of German descent
808:
632:
576:
546:initiated on 30 January 2002 the
247:he served as a army nurse in the
910:People from Ahrweiler (district)
427:in recognition of his services.
717:
293:by Lorenz Schrijnen, bishop of
915:Clergy from the Rhine Province
825:http://viaf.org/viaf/72300388/
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1:
778:, Vol. 2, pp. 1096–1100.
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376:Due to his good knowledge of
352:, and after 11 December 1930
302:Pontifical Oriental Institute
820:Profittlich, Eduard-Gottlieb
461:Soviet occupation of Estonia
300:Profittlich entered the new
204:and entered the seminary of
202:secondary school certificate
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149:Eduard Gottlieb Profittlich
31:Eduard Gottlieb Profittlich
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562:for Eduard Profittlich's
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815:The New Catholic Martyrs
619:www.catholicmartyrs.org
330:Jagiellonian University
168:apostolic administrator
885:German Servants of God
534:Cause of Beatification
530:
324:and in 1924 doctor in
316:. In 1923 he became a
238:Valkenburg aan de Geul
860:Apostolic pronotaries
528:
456:in the 17th century.
425:protonotary apostolic
308:, founded in 1917 by
56:Roman Catholic Church
368:on 2 February 1930.
358:St Peter and St Paul
338:Czechowice-Dziedzice
249:Imperial German Army
287:Karl Joseph Schulte
728:, 15 November 2019
595:on 1 December 2022
531:
449:titular archbishop
776:978-3-506-78080-5
764:978-3-402-13070-4
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112:11 September 1890
16:German archbishop
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875:Estonian Jesuits
804:, Sp. 1104–1114.
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591:. Archived from
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479:Arrest and death
469:in nomine Domini
310:Pope Benedict XV
210:Society of Jesus
133:
130:22 February 1942
104:Personal details
94:27 December 1936
73:22 February 1942
65:27 November 1936
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91:Consecration
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845:1890 births
766:, S. 47–64.
485:Third Reich
243:During the
222:Kulturkampf
218:Netherlands
194:Leimersdorf
187:Early years
839:Categories
599:4 November
570:References
459:After the
435:Archbishop
389:Kiriku Elu
356:priest at
322:philosophy
277:Maastricht
230:missionary
164:archbishop
116:Birresdorf
83:Ordination
70:Term ended
261:subdeacon
182:Biography
62:Appointed
624:27 April
326:theology
295:Roermond
284:Cardinal
226:Bismarck
161:Catholic
96:by
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445:Vatican
417:Vatican
413:Kiviõli
405:Petseri
401:Rakvere
362:Tallinn
350:Hamburg
328:at the
281:Cologne
253:tonsure
172:Estonia
159:German
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454:Sweden
441:treaty
378:Polish
354:parish
342:Poland
334:Kraków
318:doctor
314:Russia
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271:Priest
234:Brazil
157:Jesuit
78:Orders
52:Church
512:Kazan
497:Kirov
409:Valga
397:Pärnu
393:Narva
346:Opole
265:Poona
206:Trier
137:Kirov
798:ISBN
783:ISBN
772:ISBN
760:ISBN
726:Crux
626:2020
601:2021
542:The
493:NKVD
489:USSR
411:and
306:Rome
255:and
127:Died
109:Born
508:Ufa
360:in
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153:SJ
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36:SJ
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