1560:
995:
363:
42:
544:
440:
415: and, in general, closely linked to events that are exclusively national in nature, with narratives that provide a glimpse into the life of the common citizen.The origins of Ecuadorian literature go back to the ancestral narratives that were passed down from generation to generation. These first stories dealt with fantastical, mythological, and legendary themes.
803:
1030: The novel recounts the ups and downs experienced by a boy from a conservative family in Quito when his father dies. He is then forced to work on a hacienda and, at the same time, has to see how his family gradually deteriorates until it disintegrates completely. All this happens against the backdrop of the victory of the
1162:
used to the commentary and study of individual and isolated values in the history of
Ecuadorian literature, failed to grasp and interpret in due time and in its proper perspective the unifying character, in attitude and spirit, of what it meant and how much it represented for the national culture
1156:
acostumbrados al comentario y al estudio de valores individuales y aislados en la historia de la literatura ecuatoriana, no lograron captar e interpretar a su debido tiempo y en su justa perspectiva el carĂĄcter unificador, en actitud y espĂritu, de cuanto significaba y de cuanto constituĂa para la
1191:
Moreover, Icaza mentions that this unifying spirit beat in the three groups of
Ecuadorian writers located in Guayaquil, in Quito, and in Loja, despite the regional differences, in a country that was in the evolutionary stage of development, forming a society that sought a destiny in the political,
1143:
Trying to find a unifying theme in the narrative approaches by the generation of writers of the 1930s is an arduous task, due to the amount of criticism and comments that make it ambiguous to categorize the principles and ideals of a minor literature such as the one from
Ecuador. Icaza himself, in
939:, mainly because two of themâSilva and Borjaâcommitted suicide at a young age, while Noboa and Fierro died later in life under unclear circumstances, also believed to have committed suicide. They were also grouped together because of the commonalities found in their poems.
1351:, which began to be published in 1972. The most outstanding works during this time renewed the local narrative by using experimental techniques to transmit messages of political and social criticism. Under this umbrella, iconic novels started to appear, such as
1061:
the most famous short story collection written in
Ecuador. Its fame is well deserved, for the book redefined the myths of reading a canon that was indecisive and unable to provide ample appreciation for the manifold factors that create a national
891:
literary movement arrived in
Ecuador fairly late when compared to other countries. This was due to the constant civil wars the country was going through because of hostilities between conservatives and liberals. However, the representatives of
5037:
496:
had considered
Bastidas to be originally from Seville, making the latter's discovery quite controversial. However, once it was proven that he had been born in Guayaquil, he gained historical importance. Along with his student,
1394:. The latter was followed by more than a dozen novels that cemented YĂĄnez's place as the great Ecuadorian author of the 20th century, with a style that mixed criticism of the status of women in society and the search for the
942:
Silva was the one who received the most praise and is considered "the most pure of
Ecuadorian modernists" and the finest poet Ecuador has ever had, although he published only one book of poetry during his lifetime,
4188:
2407:
841:. In fact, Montalvo himself helped in removing them from power through his essays, in which he called on the people to rise and topple the dictatorship. This is what one of his famous phrasesâ
1614:
4350:
770:(Guayaquil, 1832â1907). The latter enjoyed great fame both in Ecuador and Peru, where he lived for a time. He served as a diplomat in Spain, Italy, Colombia, and France, where he met
862:
4318:
3783:
3883:
4126:
4220:
3965:
5027:
4408:
1582:(Guayaquil, 1976â). The latter two have described wretched and horrific settings in their work to explore violence, power relations, and family ties, in titles such as
4158:
3669:
3739:
1649:
1440:
3457:
2237:
4198:
1525:
515:
had a major influence on the poetry of the time. At the same time, the writings of
Ecuadorian indigenous peoples are of great importance. The most famous one is
4094:
1157:
cultura nacional la obra literaria de los relatistas de la generaciĂłn del año 1930âforma mestiza, emociĂłn telĂșrica, contornos de personalidad hispanoamericana.
3527:
5032:
466:
461:
did not have an established writing system, so their legends and other tales had to be passed down orally from generation to generation. However, during the
443:
4064:
1836:
896:
in
Ecuador reached a very high level of prestige throughout the Americas. Even today, they are still included in world poetry anthologies. All of them read
4253:
1660:
1229:
1390:(Quito, 1928â) burst onto a literary scene that until then had been dominated by male figures, thanks to the publication in 1973 of her acclaimed novel
1121:
by
Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco. All these books are well-renowned for their strong social content and for the crudeness with which they portray reality.
618:
756:
4285:
2417:
1570:
In recent years, Ecuadorian narrative has been marked by the emergence of three women writers who have achieved international renown: Brazilian-born
3553:
629:
3998:
3813:
4358:
2712:
1635:
4924:
1459:
4031:
5065:
393:
4328:
3791:
1347:
Ecuadorian narrative gained strength once again starting in the 1970s, coinciding with the appearance of major literary magazines such as
3891:
102:
87:
4136:
2556:
465:, starting in the second half of the 17th century, literary expressions began to appear. The most prominent figures of this period were
1607:
1747:: Ignacio the knife, or Ignacio the blade. Mostly because of Veintemilla's criminal nature. Also, in Spanish, Veintemilla rhymes with
4553:
4230:
661:, as well as his criticism of the rhetoric of the sermons given at the time, is remarkable. Ironically, Espejo did not speak well of
4855:
4480:
3975:
317:
570:
remains strong and renewed, as well as his themes, which included religion, love, comedy, and mythology. His best known poem is
2680:
4418:
744:(1830â1857), whose themes included love, the struggle against prejudice, and the longing for unrequited love. Her famous poem
4603:
Ramillete de varias flores poéticas recogidas y cultivadas en los primeros Abriles de sus años por el Maestro Xacinto de Evia
4536:
503:
Ramillete de varias flores poéticas recogidas y cultivadas en los primeros Abriles de sus años por el Maestro Xacinto de Evia
180:
4166:
3679:
5075:
3749:
4755:
748:
is an example of the great sadness that plagued her and that would ultimately lead her to commit suicide in the city of
488:. The first one of these, Bastidas, is considered the first poet of Ecuador, according to literary critic and professor
5070:
4917:
4860:: A dictionary of contemporary Ecuadorian authors from the provinces of Azuay and Cañar, by Sara Vånegas Coveña (2005)
3467:
1915:
153:
148:
136:
119:
109:
92:
2847:
966:(Quito, 1903â1978), whose work is characterized by the constant combination of universal and local themes, as well as
4838:
4741:
4643:
4624:
4488:
4104:
1513:
562:, who discovered the talent of the man who would become the greatest representative of that century's poetry, Father
158:
195:
4475:
Aguilar Aguilar, Felipe (1991). "Narrativa ecuatoriana: los Ășltimos veinte años". In Malo GonzĂĄlez, Claudio (ed.).
2380:
457:
There are no records of written works before the arrival of the Spaniards. This is mostly due to the fact that the
386:
4575:
Los dos primeros poetas coloniales ecuatorianos (siglos XVII y XVIII): Antonio de Bastidas y Juan Bautista Aguirre
3591:
785:, 1832â1894), whose works are considered classics of Ecuadorian and Spanish-speaking literature. His masterpiece,
4764:
4072:
4657:
4263:
1671:
791:, is also one of the first Ecuadorian novels and a clear symbol of the ideals of romanticism. He also wrote the
558:
During the 18th century, there was an upsurge in the quality of Ecuadorian poetry, according to literary critic
5060:
4784:
4513:
4465:
81:
72:
4714:
4710:
3428:
2751:
713:
652:
493:
4910:
692:(1780â1847) was the author of epic poems about the independence of Ecuador and the Americas. He was a purely
168:
129:
1451:
1551:, 1914â2003). The latter was known for describing the spirit of the Afro-Ecuadorian population in Ecuador.
4295:
4751:
4702:
1305:
689:
379:
141:
4669:
4008:
3823:
1688:
1319:
1246:
1080:
1031:
347:
114:
97:
4634:
Handelsman, Michael (2001). "2. Personajes negros y realismo social. El caso del Grupo de Guayaquil".
3670:"Las novelas 'cuarentonas' de EgĂŒez y DĂĄvila VĂĄsquez, homenajeadas en la Feria del Libro de Guayaquil"
1979:
1893:
924:
418:
In recent years, Ecuadorian literature has achieved international notoriety thanks to authors such as
4933:
4733:
4528:
3711:
1654:
1477:
1445:
1380:
1334:
1136:
1028:(...) la primera novela ecuatoriana. Primera expresiĂłn de la voluntad de ver y de explicarse el paĂs.
4894:
4583:
4569:
4323:
4099:
3744:
3125:
3095:
3065:
2685:
2594:
2525:
2473:
2469:
2439:
2412:
1579:
582:
489:
423:
4941:
4826:
4041:
3402:
2777:
2075:
1787:: (...) the first Ecuadorian novel. First expression of the will to see and to explain the country.
1530:
1450:(Quito, 1941â), who, with a prolific career as a short story writer managed to win the prestigious
1387:
1087:. All these writers were committed to social issues and were determined to show the reality of the
220:
205:
4381:
1295:
1050:
880:
834:
3376:
2238:"Volumen 7-carta nÂș 53. Carta de Pablo Herrera a Marcelino MenĂ©ndez Pelayo. Quito, 24 enero 1885"
1862:
1428:
1256:
1046:
590:
462:
342:
185:
67:
4286:"Magela Baudoin, Marcelo LujĂĄn y MĂłnica Ojeda, entre los finalistas del Premio Ribera del Duero"
3283:
2926:
2443:
2289:
1837:"Ecuador: los mejores escritores actuales para conocer su literatura, su cultura y su historia"
1211:
838:
651:(1747â1795), who would become one of the first literary critics in Latin America, according to
471:
448:
3309:
2529:
2149:
1954:
1505:
1439:(Quito, 1944â). On the short story genre, the greatest representatives during this time were:
920:
865:
5004:
4994:
4984:
4720:
4413:
3674:
3433:
2653:
2328:
1540:
1536:
1416:
963:
662:
563:
547:
283:
255:
62:
3501:
3338:
3099:
2821:
2598:
2354:
1665:
1481:
4999:
4969:
4959:
4949:
4890:
4772:
2676:
1497:
1234:
952:
705:
601:, Italy. From there, they started a literary mailing list that would be collected later by
594:
309:
227:
4601:
4587:
4573:
3845:
3207:
3129:
2648:
2099:
1485:
1266:
1204:, and indigenous peoples incorporated the presence of national themes in the literature.
1076:
623:
8:
5015:
4989:
4979:
4954:
4728:
Miller, Marilyn Grace (2004). "5. Dis/Encounters in the Labyrinths: Mestizaje in Quito".
4653:
4505:
4457:
4445:
3528:"Text Deformation and Paratexts in the English Translation of Huasipungo, by Jorge Icaza"
3155:
2242:
1920:
1548:
1501:
1356:
1329:
1178:
1134:, perhaps the Ecuadorian novel that has been translated to the most languages. The novel
1125:
1054:
1023:
767:
761:
741:
241:
200:
3233:
3069:
2976:
1015:
4964:
4886:
4499:
4036:
2888:
2708:
2211:
1683:
1603:
1405:
897:
722:
701:
559:
522:
485:
234:
52:
32:
2070:
1619:
1571:
1559:
1455:
1124:
However, the greatest example of modern Ecuadorian literature is most likely novelist
912:
in the original French, and their poetry is full of allusions to death and mysticism.
787:
512:
4834:
4814:
4780:
4737:
4683:
4639:
4620:
4532:
4509:
4484:
4461:
1599:
1148:, complains about the lack of commitment from Ecuadorian scholars and intellectuals:
975:
634:
288:
124:
1594:(2018). Ojeda, in particular, has received international recognition, including the
1420:
778:
4806:
4678:
4673:
4557:
4449:
1784:
1772:
1760:
1744:
1732:
1720:
1509:
1372:
1170:
1005:
967:
792:
299:
278:
262:
23:
3181:
2032:
1640:
1493:
1099:
The numerous works produced by the members of this group include classics such as
994:
517:
4597:
1544:
1470:
1464:
1401:
1364:
1285:
1084:
999:
989:
932:
782:
749:
614:
602:
532:
498:
477:
337:
1575:
1563:
1436:
419:
1625:
1271:
1101:
1041:
However, the book that marked the appearance of social themes in literature is
1035:
956:
905:
657:
648:
577:
In addition to Aguirre, one work that also stands out is the poetry collection
367:
248:
163:
4857:
Diccionario de autores ecuatorianos contemporåneos-Provincias de Azuay y Cañar
4561:
845: â refers to, regarding GarcĂa Moreno. He gave Veintemilla the nickname
5054:
4818:
4696:
4687:
4636:
Lo afro y la plurinacionalidad. El caso ecuatoriano visto desde su literatura
3016:"Ecuador: La Generación de Los decapitados y la vanguardia poética (Parte 1)"
2557:"Las Catilinarias, el acto de extenderse para buscar el alma de la repĂșblica"
2499:
1489:
909:
818:
806:
693:
77:
4902:
4547:
484:
is considered "the earliest example of the western narrative tradition"âand
4189:"Escritora MĂłnica Ojeda recibe el premio Prince Claus 2019 Next Generation"
1934:(...) the Inca did not have written language prior to the Spanish Conquest.
1517:
1431:(Guayaquil, 1949â2021), with his novel about marginalization in Guayaquil,
928:
708:
671:
507:
411:
173:
4878:
1404:. Other women writers also stood out in later years: poetess and narrator
821:(1832â1889), is its greatest Ecuadorian representative. His works include
4698:
Juan Bautista Aguirre (1725-1786) y los orĂgenes de la naciĂłn ecuatoriana
4258:
4225:
4193:
4131:
3884:"Homenaje a Luis Alberto Costales en la Casa de la Cultura de Chimborazo"
3462:
2852:
1409:
901:
771:
733:
458:
4875:: The personal project of Ecuadorian-American journalist Ricardo Segreda
4866:
4730:
Rise and Fall of the Cosmic Race: The Cult of Mestizaje in Latin America
3913:
2848:"El Guayaquil nocturno que describenlas crĂłnicas de Medardo Ăngel Silva"
1888:
1480:(Cuenca, 1918â1967) especially stands out, although also important are:
1096:
through popular parlance, harsh scenes, profanity, and other resources.
4833:(in Spanish) (Estudio introductorio y notas ed.). Quito: Libresa.
3015:
1630:
1130:
1010:
887:
607:
ColecciĂłn de poesĂas varias hechas por un ocioso en la ciudad de Faenza
190:
4810:
4290:
4003:
3818:
3814:"MarĂa Fernanda Ampuero: "Los grandes autores de Ecuador son mujeres""
505:, published in Spain during that period. His style corresponds to the
4616:
1415:
Several narrative authors also stood out during this time, including
1057:(1912â1973). Professor David William Foster referred to the book as:
971:
718:
4796:"La Bufanda del Sol, segunda etapa: aproximaciĂłn inicial (Estudios)"
4065:"MarĂa Fernanda Ampuero: "En la realidad estĂĄ el germen del terror""
2051:
861:
4795:
4777:
Literatura del Ecuador (cuatrocientos años): criĂtica y selecciones
3554:"Letras del sur: un viaje por los libros mås traducidos de América"
1521:
1207:
Authors and representative works of the 1930s generation include:
1194:
1092:
1018:(Ambato, 1869â1909), which professor Felipe Aguilar Aguilar called
777:
Regarding romantic narrative, one of its representatives is author
543:
439:
3740:"La escritora Alicia YĂĄnez CossĂo recibirĂĄ un homenaje en la UDLA"
2168:
41:
4805:(in Spanish) (20). Quito: CorporaciĂłn Editora Nacional: 107â127.
3970:
3918:
3634:
2408:"La poeta Dolores Veintimilla y su sombra en la ciudad de Cuenca"
1396:
1165:
665:, although the latter's style was far superior albeit a bit more
527:
2192:
1192:
economic, and literary spheres, where the capital cities of the
1539:(Riobamba, 1926â2006)âconsidered one of the "absentees" of the
598:
586:
4872:
4525:
The Politics of Sentiment: Imagining and Remembering Guayaquil
3252:
2130:
1140:
is another famous work by Icaza with relevant social content.
962:
During the early 20th century, other poets who stood out were
3764:
2180:
1200:
1089:
814:
737:
3784:"Feria del Libro homenajearĂĄ a tres escritoras ecuatorianas"
3622:
3610:
1998:
1163:
the literary work of the writers of the 1930 generationâthe
935:(1890â1929) from Quito. These were later referred to as the
802:
704:
himself objected to at first, due to Olmedo having included
501:, Bastidas wrote most of the poems found in the poetry book
4351:"Oscar Vela gana el premio de novela JoaquĂn Gallegos Lara"
3482:
3034:
2801:
2799:
1595:
1045:, a compilation of short stories by Guayaquil-born writers
4658:"Relato, espĂritu unificador en la generaciĂłn del año '30"
4638:(in Spanish). Quito: Editorial Abya Yala. pp. 25â60.
4254:"Una 'rentrée' ambiciosa para recuperar el apetito lector"
4127:"En Cuba se premiarĂĄ a escritora ecuatoriana MĂłnica Ojeda"
3966:"Gabriela AlemĂĄn: un grito internacional, un eco nacional"
3946:
3864:
4763:(in Spanish) (Biblioteca Bicentenario ed.). BogotĂĄ:
4409:"La poesĂa, una llama que se mantiene viva en el Ecuador"
3934:
2945:
597:
and who spent the rest of their lives around the city of
4221:"Ecuatoriana MĂłnica Ojeda, finalista en bienal mexicana"
3651:
3649:
2796:
2617:
1659:(Ambato, 1979â), Carla Badillo Coronado (Quito, 1985â),
1183:
Relato, espĂritu unificador en la generaciĂłn del año '30
1146:
Relato, espĂritu unificador, en la generaciĂłn del año 30
2995:
2957:
1613:
Other writers who have stood out in recent decades are
4709:
3046:
2907:
2868:
2057:
1916:"Exploring the Early Americas - Pizarro and the Incas"
4893:: Biographies by Ecuadorian historian and biographer
4549:
El Modernismo en Ecuador y la "generaciĂłn decapitada"
3646:
3572:
3357:
1818:
1816:
1169:
form, the underlying emotion, the delineation of the
3264:
2731:
2629:
2575:
2308:
2010:
4592:(in Spanish). Quito: Biblioteca Ecuatoriana MĂnima.
4578:(in Spanish). Quito: Biblioteca Ecuatoriana MĂnima.
3455:
1801:
613:. The list is extensive and includes names such as
3705:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3458:"Los escritores del Grupo de Guayaquil por dentro"
2752:"El contexto histĂłrico del modernismo ecuatoriano"
2270:
2258:
1813:
1342:
4319:"RaĂșl Vallejo: Retrato con bibliografĂa de fondo"
5052:
4095:"Ojeda y Ampuero narran desde y sobre el horror"
2713:"La obra maestra de la tiranĂa es la corrupciĂłn"
2118:
2027:
2025:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
951:are Alfonso Moreno Mora (Cuenca, 1890â1940) and
696:poet and author of well-renowned works, such as
4582:
4568:
4474:
4316:
3790:(in Spanish). 24 September 2019. Archived from
3694:
3258:
3134:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel - Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
3104:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel - Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
3074:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel - Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
2603:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel - Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
2534:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel - Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
2478:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel - Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
2448:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel - Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
2198:
2186:
2174:
2136:
2004:
717:âwhich was chosen as the anthem of the city of
4793:
4357:(in Spanish). 21 November 2015. Archived from
4294:(in Spanish). 18 February 2020. Archived from
4229:(in Spanish). 16 February 2019. Archived from
4197:(in Spanish). 5 September 2019. Archived from
4165:(in Spanish). 15 February 2015. Archived from
4159:"Escritora guayaquileña serå premiada en Cuba"
4135:(in Spanish). 14 February 2015. Archived from
3640:
3124:
3094:
3064:
2675:
2593:
2524:
2468:
2438:
647:On the other hand, it is important to mention
4932:
4918:
4652:
3748:(in Spanish). 17 October 2018. Archived from
3712:"A History of Ecuadorian Literature â Part 2"
3628:
3616:
2022:
1955:"A History of Ecuadorian Literature â Part 1"
1939:
1648:The most relevant names in poetry today are:
1154:
409:has been characterized for essentially being
387:
5039:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4825:
3770:
2554:
1867:Ministry for Culture and Heritage of Ecuador
585:and published in 1960. It includes works by
4103:(in Spanish). 30 March 2018. Archived from
3974:(in Spanish). 8 August 2018. Archived from
3592:"The Chulla Romero y Flores by Jorge Icaza"
3456:Martillo Monserrate, Jorge (21 July 2012).
2886:
2405:
2326:
2097:
1020:una de las mĂĄs grandes novelas ecuatorianas
16:Literature written in or related to Ecuador
4925:
4911:
4779:(in Spanish). Quito: Editorial Abya Yala.
4633:
3940:
3890:(in Spanish). 8 March 2018. Archived from
3822:(in Spanish). 30 July 2019. Archived from
3488:
3333:
3331:
2707:
1566:, one of today's most outstanding writers.
394:
380:
4677:
4606:(in Spanish). Madrid: Nicolås de Xamarés.
4554:National University of Distance Education
4522:
4317:Serrano SĂĄnchez, RaĂșl (5 February 2017).
3001:
947:. Other Ecuadorian poets also considered
831:CapĂtulos que se le olvidaron a Cervantes
655:. His translation of Longinus's treatise
4545:
4481:National Autonomous University of Mexico
3734:
3732:
3052:
3040:
3013:
2963:
2951:
2913:
2874:
2816:
2814:
2737:
2406:MartĂnez D., Ăngeles (19 October 2014).
1558:
1535:(Quito, 1947â2017), Sonia Manzano Vela,
1377:MarĂa Joaquina en la vida y en la muerte
1075:Aguilera, Gallegos, and Gil, along with
993:
872:
860:
801:
542:
438:
4869:: A website about Ecuadorian literature
4589:Los jesuitas quiteños del extrañamiento
4380:Aguilar, Juan Domingo (28 April 2021).
4379:
4062:
4029:
3328:
2555:Lasso Ruales, Andrés (25 August 2023).
1775:: One of the greatest Ecuadorian novels
1034:. It has been compared to the works of
981:
579:Los jesuitas quiteños del extrañamiento
434:
88:EcuadorianâPeruvian territorial dispute
5053:
4750:
4727:
4716:AntologĂa de poetas hispano-americanos
4610:
4406:
4251:
3952:
3870:
3668:Garcia, Alexander (8 September 2016).
3667:
3655:
3578:
3363:
2887:Avilés Pino, Efrén (23 January 2016).
2749:
2681:"La confrontaciĂłn y la mano extendida"
2314:
1834:
1674:(Guayaquil, 1980â), and MĂłnica Ojeda.
1608:Ribera del Duero Short Narrative Award
1602:, as well as being a finalist for the
492:. On his part, fellow literary critic
4906:
4771:
4613:Handbook of Latin American Literature
4497:
4444:
4063:Iglesia, Anna Maria (27 March 2018).
3996:
3922:(in Spanish). 17 July 2011. p. 3
3729:
3270:
2811:
2805:
2635:
2623:
2581:
2016:
1822:
1807:
1241:En la ciudad he perdido una novela...
1069:Handbook of Latin American Literature
698:La victoria de JunĂn. Canto a BolĂvar
642:
5066:Latin American literature by country
4829:(1991). Vånegas Coveña, Sara (ed.).
4694:
4596:
4382:"5 poemas de Carla Badillo Coronado"
4324:El Telégrafo, Cartón Piedra magazine
4032:"Los diez libros de ficción del año"
2750:Flores, AdriĂĄn (25 September 2020).
2276:
2264:
2124:
1835:Vargas, Santiago (17 January 2024).
4552:(PhD thesis) (in Spanish). Madrid:
4030:CarriĂłn, Jorge (16 December 2018).
3914:"'Premio Espejo': Algunos ausentes"
3709:
3429:"El Grupo de Guayaquil y su huella"
2098:Avilés Pino, Efrén (7 March 2016).
1952:
1083:(1908â1993), made up the so-called
201:2010 coup d'Ă©tat attempt and crisis
103:EcuadorianâPeruvian War (1857â1860)
13:
4498:Becco, Horacio Jorge, ed. (1990).
3014:Espinosa, CĂ©sar (7 October 2019).
1600:Prince Claus Next Generation Award
14:
5087:
4849:
4407:Flores, Gabriel (15 March 2020).
4252:Seoane, Andrés (31 August 2020).
2474:"Llona y Echeverri Numa Pompilio"
2327:Avilés Pino, Efrén (April 2016).
1606:Biennial Award for Novel and the
1514:Carlos Eduardo Jaramillo Castillo
927:(1891â1927), from Guayaquil; and
788:CumandĂĄ o Un drama entre salvajes
589:writers who were ousted from the
4501:PoesĂa colonial hispanoamericana
4400:
4373:
4343:
4310:
4278:
4245:
4213:
4181:
4151:
4119:
4087:
4056:
4023:
3990:
3958:
3906:
3876:
3838:
1423:, 1950â2021), particularly with
1408:(Guayaquil, 1947â) and essayist
1117:by Demetrio Aguilera Malta, and
1014:, a historical novel written by
683:
361:
40:
4803:Kipus: Revista andina de letras
4765:National University of Colombia
4437:
3806:
3776:
3661:
3584:
3546:
3520:
3494:
3449:
3421:
3395:
3369:
3302:
3276:
3226:
3200:
3174:
3148:
3118:
3088:
3058:
3007:
2969:
2919:
2880:
2840:
2770:
2743:
2701:
2669:
2641:
2587:
2548:
2518:
2492:
2462:
2432:
2399:
2373:
2347:
2320:
2282:
2230:
2204:
2142:
2091:
2063:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1738:
1726:
1714:
1701:
1554:
1343:Second half of the 20th century
1324:Cuando los guayacanes florecĂan
856:
711:as one of the protagonistsâand
678:
538:
518:ElegĂa a la muerte de Atahualpa
429:
4679:10.5195/reviberoamer.1966.2250
4611:Foster, David William (2015).
4454:Narradores ecuatorianos del 30
3997:Pardo, Carlos (11 June 2018).
1972:
1908:
1881:
1855:
1828:
1353:Entre Marx y una mujer desnuda
1115:Siete lunas y siete serpientes
728:
669: due to his persistent
531:who was born near the city of
1:
4794:Vallejo Corral, RaĂșl (2006).
4615:(2nd ed.). Oxfordshire:
1794:
1386:During this period, novelist
1022:. On his part, writer
795:and a book of short stories,
169:Supreme Council of Government
4711:Menéndez y Pelayo, Marcelino
4546:Calarota, Antonella (2015).
4417:(in Spanish). Archived from
4327:(in Spanish). Archived from
4262:(in Spanish). Archived from
4071:(in Spanish). Archived from
4040:(in Spanish). Archived from
4007:(in Spanish). Archived from
3678:(in Spanish). Archived from
3466:(in Spanish). Archived from
3403:"Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco"
2778:"The Decapitated Generation"
2444:"Zaldumbide Gangotena Julio"
2416:(in Spanish). Archived from
1672:MarĂa Auxiliadora Balladares
1598:Award for Narrative and the
1375:(Guayaquil, 1914â1999), and
1216:Un hombre muerto a puntapiés
7:
5076:Spanish-language literature
4703:City University of New York
4701:(PhD thesis) (in Spanish).
4523:Benavides, O. Hugo (2010).
4479:(in Spanish). Mexico City:
2058:MenĂ©ndez y Pelayo 1893â1895
1677:
945:El ĂĄrbol del bien y del mal
833:. He was a harsh critic of
550:, 18th century poet of the
494:Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo
10:
5092:
4670:Liverpool University Press
2856:(in Spanish). 13 July 2008
2657:(in Spanish). 30 June 2013
2150:"Juan Bautista de Aguirre"
1689:LGBT literature in Ecuador
1452:Casa de las Américas Award
1247:Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco
1113:by JoaquĂn Gallegos Lara,
1081:Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco
987:
878:
793:National Anthem of Ecuador
755:Other romantic poets were
115:Liberal Revolution of 1895
5071:South American literature
5013:
4940:
4934:South American literature
4831:Bruna, soroche y los tĂos
4734:University of Texas Press
4529:University of Texas Press
3437:(in Spanish). 8 July 2010
3284:"Demetrio Aguilera Malta"
3100:"Egas Miranda JosĂ© MarĂa"
3020:EscĂĄner Cultural Magazine
2927:"Ernesto Noboa y Camaaño"
2530:"Mera MartĂnez Juan LeĂłn"
1863:"Escritores ecuatorianos"
1723:: Stilted and extravagant
1628:, 1959â), with his novel
1574:(Rio de Janeiro, 1968â),
1392:Bruna, soroche y los tĂos
1335:El chulla Romero y Flores
1137:El chulla Romero y Flores
1128:(1906â1978) and his work
721:, with music composed by
4879:Enciclopedia del Ecuador
4695:Lima, Alex Paul (2015).
2933:(in Spanish). 9 May 2016
2931:Enciclopedia del Ecuador
2893:Enciclopedia del Ecuador
2333:Enciclopedia del Ecuador
2290:"JosĂ© JoaquĂn de Olmedo"
2104:Enciclopedia del Ecuador
2076:Royal Academy of History
1694:
1578:(Guayaquil, 1988â), and
1512:(Guayaquil, 1942â2017),
1300:Las cruces sobre el agua
1111:Las cruces sobre el agua
1109:by Enrique Gil Gilbert,
974:(Manta, 1895â1988), and
736:in Ecuador started with
206:2024 Ecuadorian conflict
4584:Espinosa PĂłlit, Aurelio
4570:Espinosa PĂłlit, Aurelio
4504:(in Spanish). Caracas:
4456:(in Spanish). Caracas:
4448:(1980). "Prologue". In
3310:"JoaquĂn Gallegos Lara"
3130:"Carrera Andrade Jorge"
3126:PĂ©rez Pimentel, Rodolfo
3096:PĂ©rez Pimentel, Rodolfo
3066:PĂ©rez Pimentel, Rodolfo
2599:"Montalvo Fiallos Juan"
2595:PĂ©rez Pimentel, Rodolfo
2526:PĂ©rez Pimentel, Rodolfo
2470:PĂ©rez Pimentel, Rodolfo
2440:PĂ©rez Pimentel, Rodolfo
1894:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
1433:El rincĂłn de los justos
1429:Jorge Velasco Mackenzie
1257:Demetrio Aguilera Malta
1047:Demetrio Aguilera Malta
925:Ernesto Noboa y Caamaño
766:(Quito, 1833â1887) and
714:CanciĂłn al 9 de octubre
667:afectado y extravagante
591:Real Audiencia of Quito
566:(1725â1786). Aguirre's
463:Real Audiencia of Quito
453:, first poet of Ecuador
186:War on drugs in Ecuador
142:EcuadorianâPeruvian War
68:Real Audiencia of Quito
4895:Rodolfo PĂ©rez Pimentel
4891:Diccionario BiogrĂĄfico
4719:(in Spanish). Madrid:
4662:Revista Iberoamericana
2756:AdriĂĄn Flores escritor
2504:El Poder de la Palabra
1580:MarĂa Fernanda Ampuero
1567:
1306:Ăngel FelicĂsimo Rojas
1189:
1187:
1155:
1105:by José de la Cuadra,
1073:
1067:David William Foster,
1008:began in Ecuador with
1002:
869:
847:Ignacio de la Cuchilla
839:Ignacio de Veintemilla
810:
797:Novelitas ecuatorianas
690:JosĂ© JoaquĂn de Olmedo
555:
490:Aurelio Espinosa PĂłlit
454:
424:MarĂa Fernanda Ampuero
159:Military Junta of 1963
5061:Ecuadorian literature
4867:Ecuadorian Literature
4721:Royal Spanish Academy
4477:Ecuador contemporĂĄneo
3850:Ecuadorian Literature
3596:Ecuadorian Literature
3532:Ecuadorian Literature
3506:Ecuadorian Literature
3407:Ecuadorian Literature
3381:Ecuadorian Literature
3343:Ecuadorian Literature
3339:"Enrique Gil Gilbert"
3314:Ecuadorian Literature
3288:Ecuadorian Literature
3238:Ecuadorian Literature
3212:Ecuadorian Literature
3186:Ecuadorian Literature
3160:Ecuadorian Literature
3070:"Moreno Mora Alfonso"
2981:Ecuadorian Literature
2826:Ecuadorian Literature
2822:"Medardo Ăngel Silva"
2782:Ecuadorian Literature
2677:Galarza Zavala, Jaime
2381:"Dolores Veintimilla"
2359:Ecuadorian Literature
2355:"Dolores Veintimilla"
2294:Ecuadorian Literature
2216:Ecuadorian Literature
2154:Ecuadorian Literature
2033:"Antonio de Bastidas"
1984:Ecuadorian Literature
1763:: Beheaded generation
1562:
1537:Luis Alberto Costales
1526:Fernando Nieto Cadena
1484:(Cuenca, 1926â2018),
1359:(Ambato, 1926â2009),
1320:Nelson Estupiñån Bass
1296:JoaquĂn Gallegos Lara
1152:
1150:
1059:
1051:JoaquĂn Gallegos Lara
997:
964:Jorge Carrera Andrade
937:GeneraciĂłn decapitada
881:GeneraciĂłn decapitada
874:GeneraciĂłn decapitada
864:
835:Gabriel GarcĂa Moreno
805:
564:Juan Bautista Aguirre
548:Juan Bautista Aguirre
546:
442:
407:Ecuadorian literature
63:Pre-Columbian Ecuador
4827:YĂĄnez CossĂo, Alicia
4757:La victoria de JunĂn
4752:Olmedo, JosĂ© JoaquĂn
4656:(27 December 1966).
4654:Icaza Coronel, Jorge
4483:. pp. 133â148.
4446:Adoum, Jorge Enrique
3558:Rosario Traducciones
3259:Aguilar Aguilar 1991
3128:(11 December 2020).
3098:(12 December 2020).
3068:(12 December 2020).
2649:"El gran insultador"
2329:"Villamil Ycaza Ana"
2199:Espinosa PĂłlit 1960b
2187:Espinosa PĂłlit 1960b
2175:Espinosa PĂłlit 1960a
2137:Espinosa PĂłlit 1960a
2005:Espinosa PĂłlit 1960a
1980:"Jacinto Collahuazo"
1735:: My pen killed him.
1670:(Guayaquil, 1977â),
1541:Eugenio Espejo Award
1478:CĂ©sar DĂĄvila Andrade
1458:(Quito, 1946â), and
1381:Jorge DĂĄvila VĂĄsquez
983:La GeneraciĂłn del 30
978:(Quito, 1904â1944).
970:(Quito, 1903â1971),
915:The four members of
435:Earliest expressions
318:World Heritage Sites
4713:, ed. (1893â1895).
4506:Biblioteca Ayacucho
4458:Biblioteca Ayacucho
4361:on 22 November 2015
4331:on 27 November 2017
4298:on 18 February 2020
4266:on 2 September 2020
4139:on 24 February 2015
4107:on 18 December 2018
4075:on 18 December 2018
4044:on 17 December 2018
3999:"Carne de mi carne"
3955:, pp. 311â312.
3873:, pp. 307â309.
3846:"RaĂșl PĂ©rez Torres"
3682:on 9 September 2016
3643:, pp. 107â108.
3641:Vallejo Corral 2006
3534:. 11 September 2020
3508:. 11 September 2020
3383:. 14 September 2020
3377:"José de la Cuadra"
3290:. 11 September 2020
3208:"Alfredo Gangotena"
3043:, pp. 389â390.
2808:, pp. 150â156.
2709:Ayala Mora, Enrique
2626:, pp. 100â102.
2597:(26 January 2021).
2528:(26 January 2021).
2472:(26 January 2021).
2420:on 27 November 2018
2243:Instituto Cervantes
2177:, pp. 229â230.
1986:. 26 September 2022
1921:Library of Congress
1502:Julio Pazos Barrera
1388:Alicia YĂĄnez CossĂo
1357:Jorge Enrique Adoum
1330:Jorge Icaza Coronel
1310:El Ă©xodo de Yangana
1179:Jorge Icaza Coronel
1126:Jorge Icaza Coronel
1055:Enrique Gil Gilbert
1024:Jorge Enrique Adoum
921:Medardo Ăngel Silva
866:Medardo Ăngel Silva
768:Numa Pompilio Llona
742:Dolores Veintimilla
467:Antonio de Bastidas
444:Antonio de Bastidas
130:1922 general strike
73:War of Independence
4887:Archivo BiogrĂĄfico
4562:20.500.14468/19240
4169:on 25 January 2018
4037:The New York Times
3826:on 30 October 2019
3794:on 31 October 2019
3752:on 3 November 2018
3629:Icaza Coronel 1966
3617:Icaza Coronel 1966
3470:on 29 October 2016
3240:. 13 December 2020
3234:"Luis A. Martinez"
3156:"Gonzalo Escudero"
1924:. 12 December 2007
1684:Culture of Ecuador
1604:Mario Vargas Llosa
1568:
1482:EfraĂn Jara Idrovo
1406:Sonia Manzano Vela
1349:La bufanda del sol
1085:Grupo de Guayaquil
1032:liberal revolution
1026:referred to it as
1003:
870:
811:
723:Ana Villamil Icaza
643:Birth of criticism
560:Gonzalo Zaldumbide
556:
523:Jacinto Collahuazo
486:Jacinto Collahuazo
455:
368:Ecuador portal
33:Culture of Ecuador
5048:
5047:
5020:other territories
4732:. Austin, Texas:
4668:(62). Liverpool:
4538:978-0-292-78295-2
4527:. Austin, Texas:
4450:Vera, Pedro Jorge
4201:on 2 January 2020
3852:. 20 January 2021
3773:, pp. 23â26.
3771:YĂĄnez CossĂo 1991
3491:, pp. 25â60.
3316:. 21 October 2020
2977:"Humberto Fierro"
2954:, pp. 66â67.
2711:(26 March 2022).
2442:(10 March 2021).
2201:, pp. 27â29.
2100:"Evia Jacinto de"
2071:"Jacinto de Evia"
1711:in some versions.
1650:Juan José Rodinås
1486:Alejandro CarriĂłn
1441:RaĂșl PĂ©rez Torres
1383:(Cuenca, 1947â).
1280:El cojo Navarrete
1267:José de la Cuadra
1230:Humberto Salvador
1224:Vida del ahorcado
1077:José de la Cuadra
976:Alfredo Gangotena
653:Menéndez y Pelayo
482:El sueño de cielo
404:
403:
125:Concha Revolution
5083:
5040:
5028:Falkland Islands
4942:Sovereign states
4927:
4920:
4913:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4883:
4863:
4844:
4822:
4800:
4790:
4773:Pérez, Galo René
4768:
4762:
4747:
4724:
4706:
4691:
4681:
4649:
4630:
4607:
4598:Evia, Jacinto de
4593:
4579:
4565:
4542:
4519:
4494:
4471:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4421:on 15 March 2020
4404:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4377:
4371:
4370:
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4366:
4347:
4341:
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4314:
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4123:
4117:
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4112:
4091:
4085:
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4080:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3978:on 9 August 2018
3962:
3956:
3950:
3944:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3894:on 4 August 2018
3888:Diario Los Andes
3880:
3874:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3842:
3836:
3835:
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3810:
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3425:
3419:
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3416:
3414:
3409:. 7 January 2021
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3345:. 3 October 2020
3335:
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3321:
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3295:
3280:
3274:
3268:
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3250:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3214:. 7 January 2021
3204:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3188:. 7 January 2021
3178:
3172:
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3169:
3167:
3162:. 7 January 2021
3152:
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3027:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
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2990:
2988:
2983:. 7 January 2021
2973:
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2828:. 7 January 2021
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2568:
2552:
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2545:
2543:
2541:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2500:"Juan LeĂłn Mera"
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2436:
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2427:
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2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2385:Busca BiografĂas
2377:
2371:
2370:
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2366:
2361:. 7 January 2021
2351:
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2296:. 7 January 2021
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2255:
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2227:
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2223:
2212:"Eugenio Espejo"
2208:
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2008:
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1996:
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1991:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1950:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1929:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1811:
1805:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1705:
1669:
1658:
1645:(Quito, 1968â).
1644:
1623:
1534:
1510:Humberto Vinueza
1468:
1449:
1417:Eliécer Cårdenas
1412:(Quito, 1933â).
1373:Pedro Jorge Vera
1369:El pueblo soy yo
1367:(Quito, 1944â),
1238:
1185:
1171:Hispano-American
1159:
1079:(1903â1941) and
1071:
1053:(1909â1947) and
1016:Luis A. MartĂnez
1006:Literary realism
998:Monument to the
968:Gonzalo Escudero
931:(1892â1912) and
923:(1898â1919) and
919:in Ecuador were
851:Ignacio Cuchilla
843:Mi pluma lo matĂł
829:, and the novel
823:Las Catilinarias
765:
757:Julio Zaldumbide
663:Bautista Aguirre
638:
627:
611:Ocioso de Faenza
605:under the title
595:King Charles III
521:, attributed to
511:movement, since
475:
452:
396:
389:
382:
366:
365:
364:
196:2000 coup d'Ă©tat
98:March Revolution
44:
35:
19:
18:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5044:
5038:
5021:
5019:
5009:
4936:
4931:
4897:
4881:
4873:Ecuador Fiction
4861:
4852:
4847:
4841:
4798:
4787:
4760:
4744:
4646:
4627:
4572:, ed. (1960a).
4539:
4516:
4491:
4468:
4440:
4435:
4434:
4424:
4422:
4405:
4401:
4391:
4389:
4378:
4374:
4364:
4362:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4334:
4332:
4315:
4311:
4301:
4299:
4284:
4283:
4279:
4269:
4267:
4250:
4246:
4236:
4234:
4233:on 1 April 2019
4219:
4218:
4214:
4204:
4202:
4187:
4186:
4182:
4172:
4170:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4142:
4140:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4110:
4108:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4078:
4076:
4061:
4057:
4047:
4045:
4028:
4024:
4014:
4012:
4011:on 12 June 2018
3995:
3991:
3981:
3979:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3951:
3947:
3941:Handelsman 2001
3939:
3935:
3925:
3923:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3897:
3895:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3869:
3865:
3855:
3853:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3829:
3827:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3797:
3795:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3769:
3765:
3755:
3753:
3738:
3737:
3730:
3720:
3718:
3716:Ecuador Fiction
3710:Segreda, Rick.
3708:
3695:
3685:
3683:
3666:
3662:
3654:
3647:
3639:
3635:
3627:
3623:
3615:
3611:
3601:
3599:
3598:. 25 April 2024
3590:
3589:
3585:
3577:
3573:
3563:
3561:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3537:
3535:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3511:
3509:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3489:Handelsman 2001
3487:
3483:
3473:
3471:
3454:
3450:
3440:
3438:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3412:
3410:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3386:
3384:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3362:
3358:
3348:
3346:
3337:
3336:
3329:
3319:
3317:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3293:
3291:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3269:
3265:
3257:
3253:
3243:
3241:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3217:
3215:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3191:
3189:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3123:
3119:
3109:
3107:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3063:
3059:
3051:
3047:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3012:
3008:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2984:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2962:
2958:
2950:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2912:
2908:
2898:
2896:
2885:
2881:
2873:
2869:
2859:
2857:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2831:
2829:
2820:
2819:
2812:
2804:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2761:
2759:
2748:
2744:
2736:
2732:
2722:
2720:
2706:
2702:
2692:
2690:
2679:(8 June 2017).
2674:
2670:
2660:
2658:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2634:
2630:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2592:
2588:
2580:
2576:
2566:
2564:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2523:
2519:
2509:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2481:
2467:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2421:
2404:
2400:
2390:
2388:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2364:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2336:
2325:
2321:
2313:
2309:
2299:
2297:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2263:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2221:
2219:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2197:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2156:. November 2020
2148:
2147:
2143:
2135:
2131:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2096:
2092:
2082:
2080:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2056:
2052:
2042:
2040:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1959:Ecuador Fiction
1953:Segreda, Rick.
1951:
1940:
1927:
1925:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1899:
1897:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1846:
1844:
1833:
1829:
1821:
1814:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1771:
1767:
1759:
1755:
1743:
1739:
1731:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1680:
1663:
1661:Ernesto CarriĂłn
1652:
1638:
1617:
1592:Pelea de gallos
1572:Gabriela AlemĂĄn
1557:
1545:Adalberto Ortiz
1528:
1516:(Loja, 1932â),
1462:
1456:Javier VĂĄsconez
1443:
1402:magical realism
1345:
1286:Adalberto Ortiz
1278:Enrique TerĂĄn:
1232:
1188:
1186:
1177:
1072:
1066:
1000:Guayaquil Group
992:
990:Guayaquil Group
986:
953:JosĂ© MarĂa Egas
933:Humberto Fierro
883:
877:
859:
759:
731:
688:Guayaquil-born
686:
681:
645:
632:
621:
615:Juan de Velasco
603:Juan de Velasco
572:Carta a Lizardo
541:
513:Luis de GĂłngora
499:Jacinto de Evia
478:Jacinto de Evia
469:
446:
437:
432:
400:
362:
360:
353:
352:
348:National anthem
333:
332:
323:
322:
313:
312:
294:
293:
274:
273:
215:
214:
213:
212:
56:
55:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5089:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5042:
5035:
5030:
5024:
5022:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4946:
4944:
4938:
4937:
4930:
4929:
4922:
4915:
4907:
4901:
4900:
4884:
4876:
4870:
4864:
4851:
4850:External links
4848:
4846:
4845:
4839:
4823:
4791:
4785:
4769:
4748:
4742:
4725:
4707:
4692:
4664:(in Spanish).
4650:
4644:
4631:
4625:
4608:
4594:
4580:
4566:
4543:
4537:
4520:
4514:
4495:
4489:
4472:
4466:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4399:
4372:
4342:
4309:
4277:
4244:
4212:
4180:
4163:Diario Expreso
4150:
4118:
4086:
4055:
4022:
3989:
3957:
3945:
3933:
3905:
3875:
3863:
3837:
3805:
3775:
3763:
3728:
3693:
3660:
3658:, p. 306.
3645:
3633:
3631:, p. 212.
3621:
3619:, p. 211.
3609:
3583:
3581:, p. 129.
3571:
3545:
3519:
3493:
3481:
3448:
3420:
3394:
3368:
3366:, p. 301.
3356:
3327:
3301:
3275:
3273:, p. xix.
3263:
3261:, p. 134.
3251:
3225:
3199:
3173:
3147:
3117:
3087:
3057:
3045:
3033:
3006:
3002:Benavides 2010
2994:
2968:
2966:, p. 380.
2956:
2944:
2918:
2906:
2889:"Borja Arturo"
2879:
2867:
2839:
2810:
2795:
2784:. 15 June 2022
2769:
2742:
2730:
2700:
2668:
2640:
2638:, p. 127.
2628:
2616:
2586:
2584:, p. 102.
2574:
2561:Revista Plan V
2547:
2517:
2491:
2461:
2431:
2398:
2372:
2346:
2319:
2307:
2281:
2269:
2257:
2229:
2218:. 9 April 2021
2203:
2191:
2179:
2167:
2141:
2139:, p. 188.
2129:
2117:
2090:
2062:
2050:
2021:
2019:, p. 239.
2009:
1997:
1971:
1938:
1907:
1880:
1854:
1827:
1812:
1810:, p. 174.
1799:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1777:
1765:
1753:
1737:
1725:
1713:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1679:
1676:
1556:
1553:
1524:, 1935â2018),
1492:, 1915â1922),
1425:Polvo y ceniza
1400:identity with
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1327:
1317:
1314:Un idilio bobo
1303:
1293:
1283:
1276:
1272:Los Sangurimas
1264:
1254:
1244:
1227:
1175:
1151:
1102:Los Sangurimas
1064:
1043:Los que se van
1036:Upton Sinclair
988:Main article:
985:
980:
959:, 1897â1982).
879:Main article:
876:
871:
858:
855:
827:Siete tratados
779:Juan LeĂłn Mera
740:-born poetess
730:
727:
685:
682:
680:
677:
658:On the Sublime
649:Eugenio Espejo
644:
641:
639:, and others.
630:Pedro Berroeta
619:José de Orozco
583:Espinosa PĂłlit
540:
537:
436:
433:
431:
428:
402:
401:
399:
398:
391:
384:
376:
373:
372:
371:
370:
355:
354:
351:
350:
345:
340:
334:
330:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
314:
308:
307:
306:
303:
302:
296:
295:
292:
291:
286:
281:
275:
271:
270:
269:
266:
265:
259:
258:
252:
251:
245:
244:
238:
237:
231:
230:
224:
223:
217:
216:
211:
210:
209:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
178:
177:
176:
171:
166:
164:El Carnavalazo
161:
151:
146:
145:
144:
134:
133:
132:
127:
117:
112:
107:
106:
105:
100:
90:
85:
75:
70:
65:
59:
58:
57:
51:
50:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5088:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5041:
5036:
5034:
5033:French Guiana
5031:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5017:
5012:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4928:
4923:
4921:
4916:
4914:
4909:
4908:
4905:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4859:
4858:
4854:
4853:
4842:
4840:9789978490945
4836:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4797:
4792:
4788:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4759:
4758:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4743:9780292778535
4739:
4735:
4731:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4717:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4699:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4645:9789978046883
4641:
4637:
4632:
4628:
4626:9781317518259
4622:
4618:
4614:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4576:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4521:
4517:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4496:
4492:
4490:968-36-1990-8
4486:
4482:
4478:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4442:
4420:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4403:
4387:
4383:
4376:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4346:
4330:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4313:
4297:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4265:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4248:
4232:
4228:
4227:
4222:
4216:
4200:
4196:
4195:
4190:
4184:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4154:
4138:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4122:
4106:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4090:
4074:
4070:
4069:The Objective
4066:
4059:
4043:
4039:
4038:
4033:
4026:
4010:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3993:
3977:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3961:
3954:
3949:
3943:, p. 62.
3942:
3937:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3909:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3879:
3872:
3867:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3809:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3772:
3767:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3735:
3733:
3717:
3713:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3652:
3650:
3642:
3637:
3630:
3625:
3618:
3613:
3597:
3593:
3587:
3580:
3575:
3559:
3555:
3549:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3507:
3503:
3502:"Jorge Icaza"
3497:
3490:
3485:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3452:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3424:
3408:
3404:
3398:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3365:
3360:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3315:
3311:
3305:
3289:
3285:
3279:
3272:
3267:
3260:
3255:
3239:
3235:
3229:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3161:
3157:
3151:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3061:
3055:, p. 39.
3054:
3053:Calarota 2015
3049:
3042:
3041:Calarota 2015
3037:
3021:
3017:
3010:
3004:, p. 22.
3003:
2998:
2982:
2978:
2972:
2965:
2964:Calarota 2015
2960:
2953:
2952:Calarota 2015
2948:
2932:
2928:
2922:
2916:, p. 52.
2915:
2914:Calarota 2015
2910:
2894:
2890:
2883:
2877:, p. 74.
2876:
2875:Calarota 2015
2871:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2843:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2807:
2802:
2800:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2757:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2738:Calarota 2015
2734:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2644:
2637:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2583:
2578:
2562:
2558:
2551:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2521:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2465:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2402:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2334:
2330:
2323:
2317:, p. 15.
2316:
2311:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2279:, p. 50.
2278:
2273:
2267:, p. 15.
2266:
2261:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2233:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2200:
2195:
2189:, p. 23.
2188:
2183:
2176:
2171:
2155:
2151:
2145:
2138:
2133:
2126:
2121:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2060:, p. 88.
2059:
2054:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2018:
2013:
2007:, p. 18.
2006:
2001:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1935:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1911:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1842:
1838:
1831:
1825:, p. 45.
1824:
1819:
1817:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1786:
1781:
1774:
1769:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1734:
1729:
1722:
1717:
1710:
1707:Also spelled
1704:
1700:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1667:
1662:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1565:
1561:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:IvĂĄn Carvajal
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1472:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1212:Pablo Palacio
1210:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1173:personality.
1172:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1149:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1070:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1049:(1909â1981),
1048:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1001:
996:
991:
984:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
958:
954:
950:
946:
940:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
913:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
890:
889:
882:
875:
867:
863:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
837:and dictator
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
819:Juan Montalvo
816:
808:
807:Juan Montalvo
804:
800:
798:
794:
790:
789:
784:
780:
775:
773:
769:
763:
758:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
726:
724:
720:
716:
715:
710:
707:
703:
702:SimĂłn BolĂvar
699:
695:
691:
684:Neoclassicism
676:
674:
673:
668:
664:
660:
659:
654:
650:
640:
636:
631:
625:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
553:
549:
545:
536:
534:
530:
529:
524:
520:
519:
514:
510:
509:
504:
500:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
473:
468:
464:
460:
450:
445:
441:
427:
425:
421:
416:
414:
413:
408:
397:
392:
390:
385:
383:
378:
377:
375:
374:
369:
359:
358:
357:
356:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
335:
327:
326:
319:
316:
315:
311:
305:
304:
301:
298:
297:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
276:
268:
267:
264:
261:
260:
257:
254:
253:
250:
247:
246:
243:
240:
239:
236:
233:
232:
229:
226:
225:
222:
219:
218:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
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187:
184:
183:
182:
179:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
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155:
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139:
138:
135:
131:
128:
126:
123:
122:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
104:
101:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
89:
86:
83:
82:reunification
79:
78:Gran Colombia
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
64:
61:
60:
54:
48:
47:
43:
39:
38:
34:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
5016:Dependencies
4974:
4898:(in Spanish)
4882:(in Spanish)
4862:(in Spanish)
4856:
4830:
4802:
4776:
4756:
4729:
4715:
4697:
4665:
4661:
4635:
4612:
4602:
4588:
4574:
4548:
4524:
4500:
4476:
4453:
4438:Bibliography
4423:. Retrieved
4419:the original
4412:
4402:
4390:. Retrieved
4388:(in Spanish)
4385:
4375:
4363:. Retrieved
4359:the original
4355:La RepĂșblica
4354:
4345:
4333:. Retrieved
4329:the original
4322:
4312:
4300:. Retrieved
4296:the original
4289:
4280:
4268:. Retrieved
4264:the original
4257:
4247:
4235:. Retrieved
4231:the original
4224:
4215:
4203:. Retrieved
4199:the original
4192:
4183:
4171:. Retrieved
4167:the original
4162:
4153:
4141:. Retrieved
4137:the original
4130:
4121:
4109:. Retrieved
4105:the original
4100:El Telégrafo
4098:
4089:
4077:. Retrieved
4073:the original
4068:
4058:
4046:. Retrieved
4042:the original
4035:
4025:
4013:. Retrieved
4009:the original
4002:
3992:
3980:. Retrieved
3976:the original
3969:
3960:
3948:
3936:
3924:. Retrieved
3917:
3908:
3896:. Retrieved
3892:the original
3887:
3878:
3866:
3854:. Retrieved
3849:
3840:
3828:. Retrieved
3824:the original
3817:
3808:
3796:. Retrieved
3792:the original
3787:
3778:
3766:
3754:. Retrieved
3750:the original
3745:El Telégrafo
3743:
3719:. Retrieved
3715:
3684:. Retrieved
3680:the original
3673:
3663:
3636:
3624:
3612:
3600:. Retrieved
3595:
3586:
3574:
3562:. Retrieved
3560:(in Spanish)
3557:
3548:
3536:. Retrieved
3531:
3522:
3510:. Retrieved
3505:
3496:
3484:
3472:. Retrieved
3468:the original
3461:
3451:
3439:. Retrieved
3432:
3423:
3411:. Retrieved
3406:
3397:
3385:. Retrieved
3380:
3371:
3359:
3347:. Retrieved
3342:
3318:. Retrieved
3313:
3304:
3292:. Retrieved
3287:
3278:
3266:
3254:
3242:. Retrieved
3237:
3228:
3216:. Retrieved
3211:
3202:
3190:. Retrieved
3185:
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3159:
3150:
3138:. Retrieved
3136:(in Spanish)
3133:
3120:
3108:. Retrieved
3106:(in Spanish)
3103:
3090:
3078:. Retrieved
3076:(in Spanish)
3073:
3060:
3048:
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
3022:(in Spanish)
3019:
3009:
2997:
2985:. Retrieved
2980:
2971:
2959:
2947:
2935:. Retrieved
2930:
2921:
2909:
2897:. Retrieved
2895:(in Spanish)
2892:
2882:
2870:
2858:. Retrieved
2851:
2842:
2830:. Retrieved
2825:
2786:. Retrieved
2781:
2772:
2760:. Retrieved
2758:(in Spanish)
2755:
2745:
2733:
2721:. Retrieved
2719:(in Spanish)
2716:
2703:
2691:. Retrieved
2689:(in Spanish)
2686:El Telégrafo
2684:
2671:
2659:. Retrieved
2652:
2643:
2631:
2619:
2607:. Retrieved
2605:(in Spanish)
2602:
2589:
2577:
2565:. Retrieved
2563:(in Spanish)
2560:
2550:
2538:. Retrieved
2536:(in Spanish)
2533:
2520:
2508:. Retrieved
2506:(in Spanish)
2503:
2494:
2482:. Retrieved
2480:(in Spanish)
2477:
2464:
2452:. Retrieved
2450:(in Spanish)
2447:
2434:
2422:. Retrieved
2418:the original
2413:El Telégrafo
2411:
2401:
2389:. Retrieved
2387:(in Spanish)
2384:
2375:
2363:. Retrieved
2358:
2349:
2337:. Retrieved
2335:(in Spanish)
2332:
2322:
2310:
2298:. Retrieved
2293:
2284:
2272:
2260:
2248:. Retrieved
2246:(in Spanish)
2241:
2232:
2220:. Retrieved
2215:
2206:
2194:
2182:
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2153:
2144:
2132:
2120:
2108:. Retrieved
2106:(in Spanish)
2103:
2093:
2081:. Retrieved
2079:(in Spanish)
2074:
2065:
2053:
2041:. Retrieved
2039:(in Spanish)
2037:Hispanopedia
2036:
2012:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1983:
1974:
1962:. Retrieved
1958:
1933:
1926:. Retrieved
1919:
1910:
1898:. Retrieved
1892:
1883:
1871:. Retrieved
1869:(in Spanish)
1866:
1857:
1845:. Retrieved
1843:(in Spanish)
1840:
1830:
1803:
1780:
1768:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1728:
1716:
1708:
1703:
1647:
1629:
1615:RaĂșl Vallejo
1612:
1591:
1590:(2018), and
1587:
1583:
1576:MĂłnica Ojeda
1569:
1564:MĂłnica Ojeda
1555:21st century
1518:Euler Granda
1475:
1460:Huilo Ruales
1437:AbdĂłn Ubidia
1432:
1424:
1414:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1333:
1323:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1289:
1279:
1270:
1260:
1250:
1240:
1223:
1222:(1927), and
1219:
1215:
1206:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1182:
1164:
1161:
1153:
1145:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1098:
1088:
1074:
1068:
1060:
1042:
1040:
1027:
1019:
1009:
1004:
982:
961:
948:
944:
941:
936:
929:Arturo Borja
916:
914:
893:
886:
884:
873:
857:20th century
850:
846:
842:
830:
826:
822:
812:
796:
786:
776:
754:
745:
732:
712:
709:Huayna Capac
697:
694:neoclassical
687:
679:19th century
670:
666:
656:
646:
610:
606:
581:, edited by
578:
576:
571:
568:culteranismo
567:
557:
552:culteranismo
551:
539:18th century
526:
516:
508:culteranismo
506:
502:
481:
456:
430:17th century
420:MĂłnica Ojeda
417:
412:costumbrista
410:
406:
405:
343:Coat of arms
181:1990âpresent
174:Paquisha War
4672:: 211â216.
4414:El Comercio
4259:El Cultural
4226:El Universo
4194:El Universo
4132:El Universo
3953:Foster 2015
3871:Foster 2015
3675:El Comercio
3656:Foster 2015
3579:Miller 2004
3463:El Universo
3434:El Comercio
3364:Foster 2015
3182:"Hugo Mayo"
2853:El Universo
2654:El Comercio
2315:Olmedo 2010
1664: [
1653: [
1639: [
1634:(2019) and
1618: [
1529: [
1498:San Gabriel
1476:In poetry,
1463: [
1444: [
1410:Lupe Rumazo
1312:(1949) and
1233: [
1144:his essay,
1107:Nuestro pan
949:modernistas
868:(1898â1919)
809:(1832â1889)
772:Victor Hugo
760: [
734:Romanticism
729:Romanticism
633: [
622: [
470: [
447: [
5055:Categories
4811:10644/1362
4786:9978046763
4515:9802761095
4467:8466000631
3271:Adoum 1980
2806:PĂ©rez 2001
2636:PĂ©rez 2001
2624:PĂ©rez 2001
2582:PĂ©rez 2001
2017:Becco 1990
1823:PĂ©rez 2001
1808:PĂ©rez 2001
1795:References
1636:Ăscar Vela
1631:Gabriel(a)
1549:Esmeraldas
1508:, 1944â),
1500:, 1948â),
1473:, 1947â).
1365:IvĂĄn EgĂŒez
1361:La Linares
1131:Huasipungo
1011:A la costa
917:modernismo
898:Baudelaire
894:modernismo
888:modernismo
672:gongorismo
609:or simply
284:Television
256:Literature
191:Cenepa War
5005:Venezuela
4950:Argentina
4819:1390-0102
4688:0034-9631
4617:Routledge
4586:(1960b).
3788:Primicias
2717:Primicias
2277:Lima 2015
2265:Lima 2015
2125:Evia 1676
1588:MandĂbula
1251:Baldomera
1195:montubios
1119:Baldomera
972:Hugo Mayo
774:himself.
752:in 1857.
719:Guayaquil
706:Sapa Inca
310:Monuments
228:Languages
154:1960â1990
149:1944â1960
137:1925â1944
120:1895â1925
110:1860â1895
93:1830â1860
4995:Suriname
4985:Paraguay
4970:Colombia
4775:(2001).
4754:(2010).
4600:(1676).
1841:WMagazĂn
1749:cuchilla
1678:See also
1586:(2016),
1522:Riobamba
1261:Don Goyo
1218:(1927),
1176:â
1093:montubio
1065:â
1062:culture.
910:Verlaine
746:ÂĄQuejas!
554:movement
242:Religion
24:a series
22:Part of
5000:Uruguay
4975:Ecuador
4955:Bolivia
4452:(ed.).
4425:14 July
4392:14 July
4365:14 July
4335:14 July
4302:14 July
4291:El PaĂs
4270:14 July
4237:14 July
4205:14 July
4173:14 July
4143:14 July
4111:14 July
4079:14 July
4048:14 July
4015:14 July
4004:El PaĂs
3982:14 July
3971:La Hora
3926:14 July
3919:La Hora
3898:14 July
3856:14 July
3830:14 July
3819:El PaĂs
3798:14 July
3756:14 July
3721:14 July
3686:14 July
3602:14 July
3564:13 July
3538:14 July
3512:14 July
3474:13 July
3441:13 July
3413:14 July
3387:14 July
3349:14 July
3320:14 July
3294:14 July
3244:14 July
3218:14 July
3192:14 July
3166:14 July
3140:13 July
3110:13 July
3080:13 July
3026:14 July
2987:14 July
2937:13 July
2899:13 July
2860:13 July
2832:14 July
2788:14 July
2762:13 July
2723:13 July
2693:13 July
2661:13 July
2609:12 July
2567:12 July
2540:12 July
2510:12 July
2484:12 July
2454:12 July
2424:12 July
2391:12 July
2365:14 July
2339:12 July
2300:14 July
2250:12 July
2222:14 July
2160:14 July
2110:12 July
2083:12 July
2043:12 July
1990:14 July
1964:14 July
1928:14 July
1900:14 July
1873:12 July
1847:12 July
1785:English
1773:English
1761:English
1745:English
1733:English
1721:English
1709:Lisardo
1584:Nefando
1397:mestizo
1290:Juyungo
1166:mestizo
906:Rimbaud
817:genre,
813:In the
700:âwhich
528:cacique
480:âwhose
331:Symbols
235:Cuisine
53:History
4980:Guyana
4960:Brazil
4837:
4817:
4783:
4740:
4686:
4642:
4623:
4535:
4512:
4487:
4464:
1889:"Inca"
1543:â and
1471:Ibarra
1435:; and
1338:(1958)
1326:(1954)
1316:(1946)
1302:(1946)
1292:(1943)
1282:(1940)
1275:(1934)
1263:(1933)
1253:(1938)
1243:(1929)
1226:(1932)
1220:DĂ©bora
1201:cholos
908:, and
783:Ambato
750:Cuenca
599:Faenza
587:Jesuit
533:Ibarra
289:Cinema
221:People
26:on the
4965:Chile
4799:(PDF)
4761:(PDF)
4386:Zenda
1695:Notes
1668:]
1657:]
1643:]
1626:Manta
1622:]
1533:]
1506:Baños
1467:]
1448:]
1421:Cañar
1237:]
1090:cholo
957:Manta
815:essay
764:]
738:Quito
637:]
626:]
474:]
459:Incas
451:]
300:Sport
279:Radio
272:Media
263:Music
4990:Peru
4889:and
4835:ISBN
4815:ISSN
4781:ISBN
4738:ISBN
4684:ISSN
4640:ISBN
4621:ISBN
4533:ISBN
4510:ISBN
4485:ISBN
4462:ISBN
4427:2024
4394:2024
4367:2024
4337:2024
4304:2024
4272:2024
4239:2024
4207:2024
4175:2024
4145:2024
4113:2024
4081:2024
4050:2024
4017:2024
3984:2024
3928:2024
3900:2024
3858:2024
3832:2024
3800:2024
3758:2024
3723:2024
3688:2024
3604:2024
3566:2024
3540:2024
3514:2024
3476:2024
3443:2024
3415:2024
3389:2024
3351:2024
3322:2024
3296:2024
3246:2024
3220:2024
3194:2024
3168:2024
3142:2024
3112:2024
3082:2024
3028:2024
2989:2024
2939:2024
2901:2024
2862:2024
2834:2024
2790:2024
2764:2024
2725:2024
2695:2024
2663:2024
2611:2024
2569:2024
2542:2024
2512:2024
2486:2024
2456:2024
2426:2024
2393:2024
2367:2024
2341:2024
2302:2024
2252:2024
2224:2024
2162:2024
2112:2024
2085:2024
2045:2024
1992:2024
1966:2024
1930:2024
1902:2024
1875:2024
1849:2024
1596:ALBA
1490:Loja
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