126:
1245:
235:
536:
1233:
466:
452:
110:
3588:
1204:
550:
103:
223:
1192:
508:
480:
603:
494:
1221:
589:
564:
522:
725:
1165:
191:
197:
193:
189:
195:
190:
188:
187:
196:
194:
192:
234:
186:
184:
125:
185:
2245:
3848:
2030:
1961:
4229:
4219:
4184:
4224:
4214:
2238:
2207:
1932:
2023:
1766:
1720:
1685:
115:
4194:
2159:
1984:
1244:
2231:
1938:
1363:
239:
The intricate southern border area of the Duchy at the end of 1815, following the acquisition of the former imperial fiefdoms of
Lunigiana.
856:, and died in 1803. Following his death, the claims to the no longer existing ducal crown of Modena were inherited by his son-in-law, the
1486:
1440:
1232:
2212:
2090:
1916:
1456:
1413:
893:
4139:
3639:
2016:
1389:"Gli Este. Rinascimento e Barocco a Ferrara e Modena - S. Casciu - M. Toffanello - Libro - Franco Cosimo Panini - Arte estensi | IBS"
4209:
4199:
4057:
3726:
3587:
2596:
1697:
1647:
222:
4189:
4149:
3513:
1642:
1261:
1172:
4204:
1605:
1589:
1563:
1339:
759:
1220:
1203:
3721:
2898:
2616:
1838:
1663:
1621:
1542:
1521:
959:
833:
4179:
4129:
4062:
4021:
3542:
3411:
3154:
3102:
1783:
1691:
1503:
955:
735:
673:
branch of the family. The Este dynasty was a great sponsor of the arts, making the Duchy a cultural reference during the
4144:
4036:
4026:
3701:
3293:
2964:
1900:
1759:
931:
4031:
3736:
3706:
3661:
3405:
3013:
2143:
1626:
951:
690:
596:
400:
102:
1388:
4154:
3534:
2254:
1890:
1568:
822:
786:
763:
694:
1191:
802:
3596:
3557:
3423:
1848:
1479:
485:
17:
3995:
3904:
3803:
3751:
3399:
3303:
3247:
2405:
1944:
865:
814:
3649:
3288:
3222:
3021:
2753:
2676:
2527:
1967:
1787:
1752:
877:
794:
790:
774:
770:
and
Ferrara was finally seized by the Papacy. Cesare was able to retain Modena and Reggio as Imperial fiefs.
513:
210:
167:
920:
734:
The first Este dukes ruled well and the city achieved an economic and cultural peak: Borso's successor Duke
3919:
3614:
1869:
751:
109:
4098:
3676:
3552:
3417:
3369:
3060:
2547:
861:
4005:
3756:
3711:
3506:
3357:
3308:
3298:
2713:
2576:
1895:
1679:
1472:
1266:
1160:
1015:
905:
889:
857:
527:
892:, again assumed the rule as Duke of Modena. In December 1815 he obtained the transfer from his mother
3990:
3716:
3475:
2758:
2039:
1714:
1153:
1069:
939:
782:
337:
3624:
3381:
2733:
2586:
2522:
1316:
4134:
3969:
3959:
3691:
3469:
3144:
3036:
2998:
2493:
2423:
2191:
1098:
1092:
810:
541:
211:
Prayers to be sung during the Mass and the
Blessing of the Blessed Sacrament by the Este's troops
3696:
4174:
4169:
4000:
3567:
3429:
3375:
3323:
3313:
3149:
3092:
2763:
2095:
1290:
943:
728:
457:
1437:
1329:
841:
4159:
4041:
3813:
3644:
3499:
3393:
3237:
3189:
3175:
3003:
2743:
2656:
2606:
2285:
2268:
1547:
1065:
1417:
919:
period in the 1830s-60s, the "Austria-Este" dukes were briefly ousted in the revolutions of
3793:
3522:
3441:
3318:
3257:
3242:
3165:
3129:
3085:
3075:
2853:
2825:
2631:
2475:
2373:
2317:
1874:
762:
in 1597, the ducal line became extinct. The Este lands were bequeathed to
Alfonso's cousin
713:, where he received the ducal title in 1471. The Este lands on the southern border of the
8:
4088:
4083:
4078:
3874:
3681:
3634:
3619:
3604:
3463:
3194:
3097:
3080:
3070:
2925:
2848:
2671:
2666:
2601:
2501:
2411:
924:
916:
3939:
3929:
3858:
3823:
3666:
3387:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3252:
3217:
3212:
3170:
3134:
2993:
2888:
2810:
2783:
2723:
2626:
2611:
2449:
2429:
1806:
1801:
1526:
1073:
904:
and bestowed upon her, and, on her death in 1829, he also inherited the territories of
901:
885:
837:
806:
755:
582:
569:
555:
471:
377:
3884:
3491:
2074:
4103:
4093:
3914:
3894:
3746:
3232:
3227:
3160:
3119:
3113:
2954:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2661:
2641:
2591:
2581:
2562:
2111:
1335:
1084:
935:
818:
798:
767:
714:
286:
958:
in March 1860, which led the
Italian unification movement, which further led to the
3924:
3838:
3833:
3818:
3798:
3772:
3686:
3671:
3449:
3031:
3026:
2949:
2883:
2878:
2748:
2718:
2686:
2542:
2487:
2466:
2444:
2223:
2127:
2008:
1271:
1106:
747:
710:
650:
634:
499:
354:
273:
267:
78:
63:
942:
was again forced to flee, this time permanently. In
December, Modena joined with
4164:
3964:
3934:
3853:
3741:
2972:
2940:
2935:
2915:
2778:
2738:
2708:
2691:
2651:
2636:
2621:
2552:
2537:
2454:
2434:
2307:
2058:
1843:
1573:
1444:
981:
849:
739:
322:
2830:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3899:
3889:
3731:
3572:
3546:
3455:
3351:
3345:
2945:
2920:
2793:
2788:
2773:
2768:
2703:
2698:
2681:
2646:
2439:
2417:
2361:
2300:
1864:
1822:
1507:
1149:
1054:
1007:
947:
778:
662:
658:
642:
303:
261:
149:
48:
4123:
3843:
3828:
3808:
3777:
3629:
3139:
2977:
2481:
2355:
2327:
1128:
1036:
977:
702:
666:
3985:
3879:
3656:
3562:
2512:
2367:
2347:
1136:
1132:
718:
670:
3909:
3065:
2930:
2053:
674:
1327:
724:
4108:
1744:
997:
881:
3609:
2332:
1124:
1102:
1088:
1058:
1050:
1002:
987:
897:
1464:
3050:
2532:
2337:
2280:
1120:
992:
909:
845:
829:
706:
754:
from 1508, troops from Modena fought in Papal service against the
2312:
2273:
1113:
1077:
1043:
1011:
853:
678:
965:
2820:
1328:
Trudy Ring; Robert M. Salkin; Sharon La Boda (1 January 1996).
1032:
971:
743:
705:
for centuries. Borso in 1450 had also succeeded his brother as
698:
248:
1164:
738:
had the city of Modena rebuilt according to plans designed by
2798:
2322:
2295:
621:
296:
1331:
International
Dictionary of Historic Places: Southern Europe
2290:
721:
formed a stabilizing buffer state in the interest of both.
152:
for 'The right hand of the Lord ‘has’ exalted me')
828:
In 1796 Modena was again occupied by a French army under
27:
3521:
1414:"Modena Ducale – Associazione "Legittimismo Estense""
2253:
2038:
1180:
805:, he could not return until 1707. In 1711 the small
665:. It was ruled since its establishment by the noble
1304:
Almanacco etrusco cronologico statistico mercantile
766:; however, the succession was not acknowledged by
657:) was an Italian state created in 1452 located in
4121:
3439:
821:forces, but his duchy was restored by the 1748
844:, the last Este Duke was compensated with the
742:, his successors were patrons of artists like
4230:States and territories disestablished in 1859
4220:States and territories disestablished in 1796
4185:1450s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
3507:
2239:
2160:Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa
2024:
1891:Maria Teresa Felicitas, Duchess of Penthièvre
1760:
1480:
1321:
966:Provinces of the Duchy before the dissolution
880:in 1814, following the final fall of Emperor
70:
55:
2642:Patria del Friuli (Patriarchate of Aquileia)
165:
1849:Maria Angela Caterina, Princess of Carignan
1368:baroque, arte e cultura nel periodo barocco
1064:Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Prince of
142:
40:
4225:States and territories established in 1814
4215:States and territories established in 1542
3514:
3500:
2246:
2232:
2213:Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria
2031:
2017:
1823:Anna, Duchess of Guise, Duchess of Nemours
1767:
1753:
1487:
1473:
233:
221:
3640:Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states
1774:
871:
809:was absorbed by the Este. His successor
723:
4058:Anniversary of the Unification of Italy
3727:Brigandage in Southern Italy after 1861
2597:Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca
1334:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 446–.
14:
4122:
1939:Maria Leopoldine, Electress of Bavaria
1262:List of Dukes of Ferrara and of Modena
227:The Duchy of Modena and Reggio in 1815
131:Coat of arms used from 1830 until 1859
3495:
2227:
2012:
1748:
1494:
1468:
1226:Civil flag and Civil ensign 1830–1859
1022:
954:", which were annexed to the growing
697:, whose family had ruled the city of
4195:15th-century establishments in Italy
4022:Museum of the Risorgimento (Bologna)
3722:Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
1143:
960:proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
4063:National Unity and Armed Forces Day
1968:Maria Beatrix, Countess of Montizón
1301:
934:(April to July 1859) following the
24:
4037:Museum of the Risorgimento (Turin)
4027:Museum of the Risorgimento (Milan)
3702:Second Italian War of Independence
1945:Maria Ludovika, Empress of Austria
1901:Maria Fortunata, Princess of Conti
932:Second Italian War of Independence
840:out of his territory. By the 1801
25:
4241:
4032:Museum of the Risorgimento (Rome)
3737:Third Italian War of Independence
3707:United Provinces of Central Italy
3662:First Italian War of Independence
3406:United Provinces of Central Italy
1962:Maria Theresa, Duchess of Orléans
1361:
1181:Historical flags and coat of arms
1156:, was Grand Master of the :
952:United Provinces of Central Italy
781:and in turn received the town of
777:, the dukes of Modena sided with
597:United Provinces of Central Italy
401:United Provinces of Central Italy
4140:Duchies of the Holy Roman Empire
3586:
2255:List of historic states of Italy
2192:Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy
2040:Princesses of Modena by marriage
1933:Maria Theresa, Queen of Sardinia
1917:Maria Beatrice, Duchess of Massa
1865:Maria Beatrice, Queen of England
1243:
1231:
1219:
1202:
1190:
1163:
1087:(1597, marquessate in 1569), of
896:of the former imperial fiefs in
684:
601:
587:
562:
548:
534:
520:
506:
492:
478:
464:
450:
182:
124:
108:
101:
4210:1859 disestablishments in Italy
4200:1796 disestablishments in Italy
3388:Provisional Government of Milan
1985:Maria Theresa, Queen of Bavaria
1802:Isabella, Marchioness of Mantua
1306:(in Italian). pp. 214–215.
1170:Order of Seniority of Service (
661:, in the present day region of
486:County of Novellara and Bagnolo
3996:Francis II of the Two Sicilies
3804:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour
3752:Italian entry into World War I
2587:City of Fiume and its District
1450:
1431:
1406:
1381:
1355:
1310:
1295:
1284:
815:War of the Austrian Succession
13:
1:
4190:1452 establishments in Europe
4150:Early modern history of Italy
3849:Annibale Santore di Santarosa
3022:County of Apulia and Calabria
2528:Campagna e Marittima Province
2208:Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria
1648:Francesco III, Duke of Modena
1277:
1139:(1752), Ieno and San Cassiano
803:Louis Joseph, Duke of Vendôme
791:War of the Spanish Succession
775:War of the Mantuan Succession
514:Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
168:Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser
4205:1814 establishments in Italy
3920:Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi
3615:Revolutions during the 1820s
1875:Enrichetta, Duchess of Parma
1721:Prince Ferdinand Karl Viktor
1686:Prince Ferdinand Karl Joseph
1643:Francesco II, Duke of Modena
876:With the dissolution of the
852:territories in southwestern
752:War of the League of Cambrai
7:
4099:Revisionism of Risorgimento
3677:Sicilian revolution of 1848
3558:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
3553:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
3424:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
3418:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
3370:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
2548:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
1999:also Archduchess of Austria
1606:Francesco I, Duke of Modena
1590:Alfonso III, Duke of Modena
1255:
1046:(Lord 1264, Duke 1471–1597)
1035:(Lord 1288, Duke 1452) and
900:, not reconstituted by the
878:Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy
144:Dextera Domini exaltavit me
10:
4246:
4180:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
4130:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
4006:Joseph Radetzky von Radetz
3712:Expedition of the Thousand
3578:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
3364:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
3358:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
2759:Prince-Bishopric of Trento
2729:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
2714:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
2112:Princess Isabella of Savoy
1839:Isabella, Duchess of Parma
1807:Beatrice, Duchess of Milan
1680:Francis IV, Duke of Modena
1664:Ercole III, Duke of Modena
1622:Alfonso IV, Duke of Modena
1574:Luigi, Cardinal of Ferrera
1564:Alfonso II, Duke of Modena
1267:Historical states of Italy
1161:Order of the Eagle of Este
1068:(Count 1530, Price 1535),
1016:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
906:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
813:backed France in the 1740
785:from the hands of Emperor
631:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
528:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
399:• Merged to form the
34:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
4145:History of Emilia-Romagna
4071:
4050:
4014:
3991:Franz Joseph I of Austria
3978:
3868:Literature and philosophy
3867:
3786:
3765:
3717:Dictatorship of Garibaldi
3595:
3584:
3533:
3476:Free Territory of Trieste
3336:
3266:
3205:
3188:
3112:
3049:
3012:
2994:Principality of Benevento
2986:
2963:
2908:
2897:
2839:
2809:
2561:
2511:
2465:
2396:
2383:
2346:
2261:
2200:
2184:
2168:
2152:
2144:Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans
2136:
2120:
2104:
2083:
2067:
2046:
1994:
1977:
1954:
1925:
1909:
1883:
1857:
1831:
1815:
1794:
1780:
1730:
1715:Francis V, Duke of Modena
1707:
1672:
1656:
1635:
1614:
1598:
1582:
1556:
1548:Ippolito, Cardinal d'Este
1543:Ercole II, Duke of Modena
1535:
1527:Ippolito, Cardinal d'Este
1522:Alfonso I, Duke of Modena
1514:
1500:
823:Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
758:. Upon the death of Duke
639:Ducato di Modena e Reggio
617:
429:
419:
414:
410:
397:
387:
374:
364:
360:
350:
346:
331:
316:
312:
302:
292:
282:
254:
244:
232:
220:
156:
138:
97:
90:
57:Ducato di Modena e Reggio
32:
3382:Italian United Provinces
2734:Principality of Piombino
2523:Patrimony of Saint Peter
2075:Princess Renée of France
1735:also Archduke of Austria
1209:Coat of arms (1452–1830)
1027:The Duke of Modena was:
647:Ducatus Mutinae et Regii
176:God Save Emperor Francis
118:Bottom: Flag (1830–1859)
42:Ducatus Mutinae et Regii
4155:Modern history of Italy
3970:Francesco Saverio Salfi
3960:Gian Domenico Romagnosi
3470:Italian Social Republic
3145:Principality of Taranto
3037:Principality of Taranto
2999:Principality of Salerno
2754:Bishopric of Tarantasia
2577:Bishopric of Bressanone
2494:Duchy of the Pentapolis
1844:Maria, Duchess of Parma
1782:Generations start from
1627:Rinaldo, Duke of Modena
1502:Generations start from
1112:Count of Jeno ed Avad (
669:, and from 1814 by the
654:
542:Marquisate of Fosdinovo
71:
4001:Klemens von Metternich
3568:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
3523:Unification of Italy (
3376:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
3150:Terra Sancti Benedicti
3054:(from the 9th century)
2764:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1569:Cesare, Duke of Modena
1197:State flag (1452–1830)
1039:(Lord 1289, Duke 1452)
864:, an uncle of Emperor
731:
729:Ducal Palace of Modena
709:in the adjacent Papal
646:
638:
458:Kingdom of Italy (HRE)
389:• Re-established
166:
143:
56:
41:
4042:Tricolour Flag Museum
3814:Federico Confalonieri
3645:Republic of San Marco
3394:Republic of San Marco
3176:Crown Colony of Malta
3004:Principality of Capua
2744:Marquisate of Saluzzo
2607:County of Santa Fiora
2269:Etruscan civilization
1698:Prince Karl Ambrosius
1443:May 14, 2014, at the
927:, but soon returned.
915:In the course of the
894:Maria Beatrice d'Este
872:House of Austria-Este
848:region of the former
727:
693:offered the duchy to
655:Duchêt ed Mòdna e Rèz
255:Common languages
116:Top: Flag (1452–1830)
72:Duchêt ed Mòdna e Rèz
3697:Plombières Agreement
3190:French Revolutionary
3130:State of the Presidi
2854:Republic of Florence
2826:Domini di Terraferma
2476:Exarchate of Ravenna
2374:Western Roman Empire
2318:Nuragic civilization
1775:Princesses of Modena
1317:Francesco III d'Este
1238:State flag 1830–1859
1125:San Martino in Spino
1037:Reggio (nell'Emilia)
888:, Ferdinand's son,
862:Ferdinand of Austria
817:and was expelled by
264:(until 17th century)
4089:Italian nationalism
4084:Italian irredentism
4079:Altare della Patria
3875:Giovanni Arrivabene
3682:Ten Days of Brescia
3635:Revolutions of 1848
3620:Revolutions of 1830
3605:Rimini Proclamation
3543:Kingdom of Sardinia
3464:Free State of Fiume
3412:Kingdom of Sardinia
3155:Neapolitan Republic
3103:Kingdom of Sardinia
3098:Republic of Sassari
2926:Catepanate of Italy
2849:Republic of Cospaia
2672:Duchy of Montferrat
2667:March of Montferrat
2602:County of Guastalla
2502:Exarchate of Africa
2096:Virginia de' Medici
2091:Lucrezia de' Medici
956:Kingdom of Sardinia
917:Italian unification
842:Treaty of Lunéville
832:, who deposed Duke
378:Conquered by France
270:(from 18th century)
3940:Alessandro Manzoni
3930:Francesco Lomonaco
3859:Victor Emmanuel II
3824:Giuseppe Garibaldi
3667:Five Days of Milan
3535:Pre-unitary states
3294:Lucca and Piombino
3171:Malta Protectorate
3135:Duke of San Donato
2889:Republic of Ancona
2811:Republic of Venice
2724:Duchy of Mirandola
2612:Duchy of Guastalla
2450:Duchy of Tridentum
2430:Duchy of Benevento
2397:Barbarian kingdoms
1870:Princess Benedetta
1074:San Martino in Rio
1023:Traditional titles
902:Congress of Vienna
886:Battle of Waterloo
838:Cispadane Republic
807:Duchy of Mirandola
756:Republic of Venice
732:
659:Northwestern Italy
583:Cispadane Republic
570:Cispadane Republic
556:Duchy of Guastalla
472:Duchy of Mirandola
4117:
4116:
4104:Southern question
3915:Vincenzo Gioberti
3895:Felice Cavallotti
3794:Massimo d'Azeglio
3747:Law of Guarantees
3489:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3332:
3331:
3299:Massa and Carrara
3184:
3183:
3161:Hospitaller Malta
3120:Kingdom of Naples
3114:Kingdom of Sicily
3045:
3044:
2955:Duchy of Sorrento
2874:Republic of Genoa
2869:Republic of Siena
2864:Republic of Massa
2859:Republic of Lucca
2592:County of Gorizia
2582:Corsican Republic
2563:Holy Roman Empire
2221:
2220:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1692:Prince Maximilian
1495:Princes of Modena
1341:978-1-884964-02-2
1144:Knighthood orders
974:(Duchy of Modena)
936:Battle of Magenta
908:belonging to her
858:Habsburg-Lorraine
768:Pope Clement VIII
715:Holy Roman Empire
627:
626:
613:
612:
609:
608:
575:
574:
342:
333:• 1846–1859
327:
318:• 1452–1471
287:Roman Catholicism
198:
16:(Redirected from
4237:
3925:Giacomo Leopardi
3905:Giuseppe Ferrari
3839:Bettino Ricasoli
3834:Giuseppe Mazzini
3819:Francesco Crispi
3799:Agostino Bertani
3773:Cockade of Italy
3757:Impresa di Fiume
3687:Belfiore martyrs
3672:Sortie on Mestre
3590:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3493:
3492:
3450:Kingdom of Italy
3437:
3436:
3203:
3202:
3032:County of Sicily
3027:County of Aversa
2950:Byzantine Sicily
2936:Theme of Lucania
2906:
2905:
2884:Republic of Pisa
2879:Republic of Noli
2749:Duchy of Spoleto
2719:Duchy of Merania
2617:Kingdom of Italy
2543:Duchy of Ferrara
2488:Duchy of Perugia
2467:Byzantine Empire
2445:Duchy of Spoleto
2412:Ostrogothic rule
2394:
2393:
2262:Pre-Roman period
2248:
2241:
2234:
2225:
2224:
2128:Laura Martinozzi
2033:
2026:
2019:
2010:
2009:
1996:
1896:Princess Matilde
1769:
1762:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1732:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1466:
1465:
1459:
1454:
1448:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1416:. Archived from
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1364:"Modena barocca"
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1325:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1293:
1291:L'Aşèj Balsâmich
1288:
1272:Duchy of Ferrara
1247:
1235:
1223:
1206:
1194:
1167:
938:, the last Duke
850:Further Austrian
836:and created the
748:Ludovico Ariosto
711:Duchy of Ferrara
689:In 1452 Emperor
605:
604:
591:
590:
579:
578:
566:
565:
552:
551:
538:
537:
524:
523:
510:
509:
500:Duchy of Ferrara
496:
495:
482:
481:
468:
467:
454:
453:
447:
446:
431:
430:
355:Early modern era
340:
325:
237:
225:
213:
200:
199:
179:
171:
146:
128:
112:
105:
82:
74:
67:
59:
52:
44:
30:
29:
21:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4067:
4046:
4010:
3974:
3965:Antonio Rosmini
3935:Goffredo Mameli
3885:Giosuè Carducci
3863:
3854:Ruggero Settimo
3782:
3761:
3742:Capture of Rome
3591:
3582:
3529:
3520:
3490:
3481:
3435:
3338:
3337:Post-Napoleonic
3328:
3262:
3198:
3192:
3180:
3122:
3118:
3117:(1130–1816) and
3116:
3108:
3053:
3041:
3008:
2982:
2973:Emirate of Bari
2959:
2946:Theme of Sicily
2941:Duchy of Naples
2916:Duchy of Amalfi
2901:
2893:
2841:
2840:Other Republics
2835:
2813:
2805:
2799:County of Tenda
2779:County of Savoy
2739:Duchy of Reggio
2709:Duchy of Mantua
2637:March of Friuli
2569:
2567:
2565:
2557:
2553:Duchy of Urbino
2538:Duchy of Castro
2515:
2507:
2461:
2455:Duchy of Tuscia
2435:Duchy of Friuli
2398:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2379:
2358:(753 BC–509 BC)
2342:
2257:
2252:
2222:
2217:
2201:12th generation
2196:
2185:11th generation
2180:
2169:10th generation
2164:
2148:
2132:
2116:
2100:
2079:
2063:
2059:Lucrezia Borgia
2042:
2037:
2007:
2002:
1990:
1978:12th generation
1973:
1955:11th generation
1950:
1926:10th generation
1921:
1905:
1879:
1853:
1827:
1811:
1790:
1784:Ercole I d'Este
1776:
1773:
1743:
1738:
1726:
1708:11th generation
1703:
1673:10th generation
1668:
1652:
1631:
1610:
1594:
1578:
1552:
1531:
1510:
1504:Ercole I d'Este
1496:
1493:
1463:
1462:
1457:Sash & Star
1455:
1451:
1445:Wayback Machine
1436:
1432:
1423:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1373:
1371:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1326:
1322:
1315:
1311:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1258:
1251:
1248:
1239:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1210:
1207:
1198:
1195:
1183:
1146:
1025:
982:Duchy of Reggio
968:
874:
740:Biagio Rossetti
687:
602:
588:
563:
549:
535:
521:
507:
493:
479:
465:
451:
422:
421:• Estimate
403:
390:
380:
367:
366:• Created
334:
319:
278:
240:
228:
216:
209:
206:
202:
201:
183:
180:
173:
172:
164:
147:
134:
133:
132:
129:
121:
120:
117:
113:
106:
92:
86:
85:
76:
61:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Duchy of Modena
15:
12:
11:
5:
4243:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4135:Italian states
4132:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3955:Carlo Pisacane
3952:
3950:Silvio Pellico
3947:
3945:Ippolito Nievo
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3900:Vincenzo Cuoco
3897:
3892:
3890:Carlo Cattaneo
3887:
3882:
3877:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3732:Roman Question
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3650:Roman Republic
3647:
3642:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3601:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3573:Duchy of Parma
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3547:House of Savoy
3539:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3519:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3496:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3473:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3456:Italian Empire
3446:
3444:
3434:
3433:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3409:
3403:
3400:Roman Republic
3397:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3352:Duchy of Lucca
3349:
3346:Duchy of Genoa
3342:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3200:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3057:
3055:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2921:Duchy of Gaeta
2918:
2912:
2910:
2903:
2899:Southern Italy
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2842:(c. 1000–1797)
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2794:County of Nice
2791:
2789:Duchy of Aosta
2786:
2781:
2776:
2769:Savoyard state
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2704:Duchy of Milan
2701:
2699:Duchy of Ivrea
2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2472:
2470:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2440:Duchy of Ivrea
2437:
2432:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2406:Odoacer's rule
2402:
2400:
2391:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2371:
2370:(27 BC–395 AD)
2365:
2364:(509 BC–27 BC)
2362:Roman Republic
2359:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2301:Cisalpine Gaul
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2153:9th generation
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2140:
2138:
2137:8th generation
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2124:
2122:
2121:7th generation
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2105:5th generation
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2084:4th generation
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2071:
2069:
2068:3rd generation
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2047:2nd generation
2044:
2043:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1965:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1910:9th generation
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1884:8th generation
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1858:7th generation
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1832:6th generation
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1819:
1817:
1816:3rd generation
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1795:1st generation
1792:
1791:
1788:Duke of Modena
1781:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1718:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1657:8th generation
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1636:7th generation
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1616:
1615:6th generation
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1600:
1599:5th generation
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1583:4th generation
1580:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1557:3rd generation
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1536:2nd generation
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1516:
1515:1st generation
1512:
1511:
1508:Duke of Modena
1501:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1469:
1461:
1460:
1449:
1430:
1405:
1380:
1362:Costa, Carla.
1354:
1340:
1320:
1309:
1294:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1168:
1150:Duke of Modena
1145:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1117:
1110:
1099:Count palatine
1096:
1081:
1076:(1752) and of
1062:
1047:
1040:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
975:
967:
964:
873:
870:
797:was ousted by
779:Habsburg Spain
686:
683:
663:Emilia-Romagna
625:
624:
619:
615:
614:
611:
610:
607:
606:
599:
593:
592:
585:
576:
573:
572:
567:
559:
558:
553:
545:
544:
539:
531:
530:
525:
517:
516:
511:
503:
502:
497:
489:
488:
483:
475:
474:
469:
461:
460:
455:
443:
442:
437:
427:
426:
423:
420:
417:
416:
412:
411:
408:
407:
404:
398:
395:
394:
391:
388:
385:
384:
381:
375:
372:
371:
368:
365:
362:
361:
358:
357:
352:
351:Historical era
348:
347:
344:
343:
335:
332:
329:
328:
320:
317:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
300:
299:
294:
290:
289:
284:
280:
279:
277:
276:
271:
265:
258:
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
238:
230:
229:
226:
218:
217:
181:
154:
153:
136:
135:
130:
123:
122:
114:
107:
100:
99:
98:
95:
94:
88:
87:
84:
83:
68:
53:
37:
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4242:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4175:House of Este
4173:
4171:
4170:Reggio Emilia
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4051:National days
4049:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3844:Aurelio Saffi
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3829:Daniele Manin
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3140:Duchy of Sora
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2482:Duchy of Rome
2480:
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2356:Roman Kingdom
2354:
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2329:
2328:Magna Graecia
2326:
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2020:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2000:
1993:
1986:
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1976:
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1471:
1470:
1467:
1458:
1453:
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1442:
1439:
1434:
1420:on 2017-01-03
1419:
1415:
1409:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1369:
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1337:
1333:
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1313:
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1193:
1188:
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1169:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1129:Campogalliano
1126:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
983:
979:
976:
973:
970:
969:
963:
961:
957:
953:
950:to form the "
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
928:
926:
922:
918:
913:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:Francesco III
808:
804:
801:troops under
800:
796:
792:
789:. During the
788:
784:
780:
776:
771:
769:
765:
764:Cesare d'Este
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
730:
726:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
703:Reggio Emilia
700:
696:
692:
691:Frederick III
685:House of Este
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
667:House of Este
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
623:
620:
618:Today part of
616:
600:
598:
595:
594:
586:
584:
581:
580:
577:
571:
568:
561:
560:
557:
554:
547:
546:
543:
540:
533:
532:
529:
526:
519:
518:
515:
512:
505:
504:
501:
498:
491:
490:
487:
484:
477:
476:
473:
470:
463:
462:
459:
456:
449:
448:
445:
444:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
428:
424:
418:
413:
409:
405:
402:
396:
392:
386:
382:
379:
373:
369:
363:
359:
356:
353:
349:
345:
339:
336:
330:
324:
321:
315:
311:
307:
305:
301:
298:
295:
291:
288:
285:
281:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
259:
257:
253:
250:
247:
243:
236:
231:
224:
219:
214:
212:
205:
177:
170:
169:
163:
159:
155:
151:
145:
141:
137:
127:
119:
111:
104:
96:
89:
80:
73:
69:
65:
58:
54:
50:
43:
39:
38:
31:
19:
4160:Austria-Este
3986:Pope Pius IX
3880:Cesare Balbo
3787:Main leaders
3657:Quadrilatero
3577:
3563:Papal States
3525:Risorgimento
3524:
3452:(1861–1946)
3430:Papal States
3363:
3258:Transpadania
2831:Stato da Màr
2728:
2513:Papal States
2424:Lombard rule
2388:Early Modern
2376:(395–476 AD)
2368:Roman Empire
2348:Ancient Rome
2175:
1998:
1734:
1452:
1433:
1422:. Retrieved
1418:the original
1408:
1397:. Retrieved
1395:(in Italian)
1392:
1383:
1372:. Retrieved
1370:(in Italian)
1367:
1357:
1345:. Retrieved
1330:
1323:
1312:
1303:
1297:
1286:
1171:
1147:
1133:Castellarano
1093:La Concordia
1026:
929:
914:
875:
827:
787:Ferdinand II
773:In the 1628
772:
733:
719:Papal States
695:Borso d'Este
688:
671:Austria-Este
630:
628:
440:Succeeded by
439:
434:
323:Borso d'Este
208:
204:Popular Hymn
203:
175:
161:
157:
140:Motto:
139:
3910:Ugo Foscolo
3692:Crimean War
3625:Young Italy
3478:(1947–1954)
3472:(1943–1945)
3466:(1920–1924)
3458:(1882–1960)
3442:unification
3432:(1814–1870)
3426:(1815–1866)
3420:(1816–1861)
3414:(1814–1860)
3408:(1859–1860)
3402:(1849–1850)
3396:(1848–1849)
3378:(1815–1859)
3372:(1814–1859)
3366:(1814–1859)
3360:(1814–1829)
3354:(1815–1847)
3348:(1815–1848)
3238:Parthenopea
3199:(1792–1815)
3157:(1647–1648)
3123:(1282–1816)
3105:(1324–1861)
3066:Agugliastra
2931:Longobardia
2568:independent
2418:Vandal rule
2054:Anna Sforza
1347:21 February
1186:Before 1830
1105:(1737) and
1091:(1645) and
1083:Marquis of
1057:(1829) and
1049:Duke of La
930:During the
701:and nearby
675:Renaissance
435:Preceded by
338:Francesco V
162:(from 1815)
4124:Categories
4109:Third Rome
3309:Pontecorvo
3267:Monarchies
3253:Subalpinia
3218:Cispadania
3213:Cisalpinia
3195:Napoleonic
2902:(774–1139)
2814:(697–1797)
2516:(754–1870)
2478:(584–751)
2426:(568–774)
1424:2012-08-16
1399:2022-04-23
1393:www.ibs.it
1374:2022-04-23
1278:References
1215:After 1830
1085:Montecchio
998:Garfagnana
890:Francis IV
884:after the
882:Napoleon I
866:Francis II
834:Ercole III
760:Alfonso II
415:Population
293:Government
4094:Redshirts
3979:Opponents
3610:Carbonari
3284:Guastalla
3274:Benevento
3206:Republics
3061:Judicates
2909:Byzantine
2566:and other
2504:(585–698)
2496:(554–752)
2490:(554–752)
2484:(533–751)
2469:(584–751)
2420:(435–534)
2414:(493–553)
2408:(476–493)
2399:(476–774)
2333:Iapygians
1302:Mariani.
1250:1830–1859
1154:Francis V
1103:Novellara
1089:Scandiano
1070:Correggio
1059:Guastalla
1051:Mirandola
1003:Lunigiana
988:Guastalla
962:in 1861.
940:Francis V
898:Lunigiana
860:Archduke
783:Correggio
750:. In the
717:with the
681:periods.
283:Religion
93:1814–1859
91:1452–1796
3597:Timeline
3243:Piedmont
3093:Oristano
3086:Logudoro
3076:Cagliari
3051:Sardinia
2784:Piedmont
2533:Holy See
2384:Medieval
2338:Picentes
2281:Samnites
1786:, first
1506:, first
1441:Archived
1256:See also
1152:, since
1137:Rodeglia
1135:(1752),
1131:(1752),
1127:(1710),
1123:(1373),
1121:Sassuolo
1119:Lord of
1072:(1635),
1053:(1710),
1042:Duke of
1031:Duke of
993:Frignano
910:suo jure
846:Breisgau
830:Napoleon
819:Habsburg
736:Ercole I
707:margrave
4015:Museums
3766:Symbols
3324:Corsica
3314:Tuscany
3279:Etruria
3228:Liguria
3081:Gallura
3071:Arborea
2987:Lombard
2687:Tuscany
2677:Trieste
2313:Ligures
2274:Etruria
1116:, 1726)
1114:Hungary
1109:(1737),
1107:Bagnolo
1080:(1829),
1078:Carrara
1044:Ferrara
1012:Carrara
944:Tuscany
854:Germany
795:Rinaldo
793:, Duke
679:Baroque
651:Emilian
635:Italian
425:605,000
376:•
326:(first)
274:Emilian
268:Italian
245:Capital
158:Anthem:
79:Emilian
64:Italian
4165:Modena
3390:(1848)
3384:(1831)
3339:states
3304:Naples
3014:Norman
2821:Dogado
2692:Verona
2657:Mantua
2652:Istria
2632:Finale
2622:Ancona
2570:states
2390:states
2308:Veneti
2286:Latins
1338:
1095:(1710)
1061:(1847)
1033:Modena
978:Reggio
972:Modena
799:French
744:Titian
699:Modena
341:(last)
308:
249:Modena
160:
75:
60:
45:
4072:Other
3440:Post-
3289:Italy
3233:Lucca
3223:Italy
2774:Savoy
2682:Turin
2662:Milan
2647:Ivrea
2323:Umbri
2296:Celts
1066:Carpi
1055:Massa
1008:Massa
948:Parma
643:Latin
622:Italy
297:Duchy
262:Latin
150:Latin
49:Latin
3319:Elba
3248:Rome
3197:eras
3193:and
3166:Gozo
2965:Arab
2948:and
2627:Ceva
2291:Osci
2176:None
1438:Star
1349:2011
1336:ISBN
1148:The
1010:and
946:and
925:1848
923:and
921:1831
746:and
677:and
629:The
406:1859
393:1814
383:1796
370:1452
304:Duke
2386:and
1101:of
4126::
1997:*
1391:.
1366:.
1173:it
912:.
868:.
825:.
653::
649:;
645::
641:;
637::
3549:)
3545:(
3527:)
3515:e
3508:t
3501:v
2247:e
2240:t
2233:v
2032:e
2025:t
2018:v
1987:*
1970:*
1964:*
1947:*
1941:*
1935:*
1768:e
1761:t
1754:v
1733:*
1723:*
1717:*
1700:*
1694:*
1688:*
1682:*
1488:e
1481:t
1474:v
1447:;
1427:.
1402:.
1377:.
1351:.
1176:)
1018:)
1014:(
984:)
980:(
633:(
215:)
207:(
178:"
174:"
148:(
81:)
77:(
66:)
62:(
51:)
47:(
20:)
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