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sites of vascular occlusion while minimizing unintended bleeding; an siRNA nanoparticle therapy that prevents breast cancer progression; a dialysis-like sepsis device that cleanses blood of all infectious pathogens, fungi and toxins without requiring prior identification; a surface coating for medical materials and devices that prevents clot formation and bacteria accumulation that reduces the need for use of conventional anticoagulant drugs that frequently result in life-threatening side effects, and a computational approach to diagnostics and therapeutics that incorporates both animation and molecular modeling software to virtually develop and test potential drugs designed to fit precisely into their targets’ molecular structures.
464:"mechanotransduction." Ingber determined that living cells use tensegrity architecture to stabilize their shape and cytoskeleton, that cellular integrins function as mechanosensors on the cell surface, and that cytoskeletal tension (or "prestress," which is central to the stability of tensegrity structures) is a fundamental regulator of many cellular responses to mechanical cues. Ingber's tensegrity theory also led to the prediction in the early 1980s that changes in extracellular matrix structure and mechanics play a fundamental role in tissue and organ development, and that deregulation of this form of developmental control can promote cancer formation.
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accelerating the introduction of new drugs to market while significantly lowering research costs. Ingber's group has since expanded this technology to develop other model organs, including the intestine, kidney, bone marrow, blood-brain barrier, and liver. In 2012, Ingber's team was awarded a DARPA contract to string together multiple Organ Chips to build an automated human body-on-chips that will recapitulate whole-body physiology. This system could be used in combination with computational modeling to rapidly assess responses to new drug candidates, providing critical information on their safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics.
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517:. The Wyss Institute was founded to enable high-risk research and disruptive innovation, and to catalyze the field of biologically inspired engineering in which newly uncovered biological design principles are leveraged to develop new engineering innovations in the form of bioinspired materials and devices for medicine, industry, and the environment. The Institute is a partnership among Harvard University, its major affiliated hospitals (
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600:, and he chaired its Committee on Space Biology and Medicine. He has been an external reviewer of multiple NRC reports, including “Plan for the International Space Station,” “Future Biotechnology Research on the International Space Station,” "Assessment of Directions in Microgravity and Physical Sciences Research at NASA", and “The Astrophysical Context of Life.”
264:; Boa Biomedical, Inc. (originally known as Opsonix, Inc.), which aims to reduce deaths due to sepsis and blood infections by removing pathogens from the blood; and FreeFlow Medical Devices, LLC, which develops special coatings for medical devices to eliminate the formation of blood clots and biofilms on materials.
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incorporates living human lung alveolar epithelial cells interfaced with endothelial cells within microfluidic channels cast in silicone rubber, which recapitulate structure and function of the tissue-vasculature interface of lung alveolus (air sacs). In 2012, Ingber and his team demonstrated in a study in
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in
England, with support from a Bates Traveling Fellowship. He carried out his Ph.D. dissertation research under the direction of Dr. James Jamieson in the department of cell biology, and his advisory committee included George Palade, Elizabeth Hay and Joseph Madri. From 1984 to 1986 he completed his
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2015: Artificial biospleen prototype exhibited at the
National Museum of Health and Medicine (NMHM); Organ Chips exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York, displayed at Le Laboratoire Cambridge in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and named winner of the Design of the Year Award by the Design
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as a way to potentially replace traditional animal-based methods for testing of drugs and toxins. The first human Organ Chip, a human Lung Chip, was reported in
Science in 2010. Created using microchip manufacturing methods, the Lung Chip is a complex three-dimensional model of a breathing lung that
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Ingber is best known for his discovery of the role mechanical forces play in developmental control and in cancer formation, and for his application of these principles to develop bioinspired medical devices, nanotechnologies, and therapeutics. Ingber's early scientific work led to the discovery that
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Ingber has also been named to multiple Who's Who lists for his diverse contributions including: Science and
Engineering (1991), America (1994), the World (1997), Medicine and Healthcare (1999), Business Leaders and Professionals—Honors Edition (2007), and was honored with the Albert Nelson Marquis
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Ingber also has served as a consultant to numerous companies in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and cosmetics industries, including Merck, Roche, Astrazeneca, Biogen, Chanel, and L’Oreal, among others. He currently chairs the
Scientific Advisory Boards of Emulate, Inc. and Boa Biomedical, Inc.
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Other new technologies from Ingber's lab include development of a fully biodegradable plastic alternative inspired by natural cuticle material found in shrimp shells and insect exoskeletons, known as “Shrilk”; a mechanically activated nanotherapeutic that selectively directs clot-busting drugs to
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Ingber has been scientific founder of five companies: Neomorphics, Inc., a tissue engineering startup which led to clinical products through subsequent acquisitions (Advanced Tissue
Sciences Inc.); Tensegra, Inc. (formerly known as Molecular Geodesics, Inc.,) which 3D-printed medical devices; and
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Ingber's contributions in translational medicine include discovery of one of the first angiogenesis inhibitor compounds (TNP-470) to enter clinical trials for cancer, creation of tissue engineering scaffolds that led to clinical products, development of a dialysis-like blood cleansing device for
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the ability to mimic a complex human disease on the Lung Chip — specifically pulmonary edema, known commonly as “fluid on the lungs” — and to identify new therapeutics using this model. As an alternative to animal studies, Organ Chips could be used to study the safety and efficacy of new drugs,
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led him to propose that mechanical forces play as important a role in biological control as chemicals and genes do, and to investigate the molecular mechanism by which cells convert mechanical signals into changes in intracellular biochemistry and gene expression, a process known as
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In 2009, Ingber was named
Founding Director of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, which was launched with a $ 125 million gift— which at the time was the largest philanthropic gift in Harvard's history—from Swiss billionaire
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treatment of blood stream infections that is moving towards clinical testing, creation of a mechanically-activated nanotechnology for targeting clot-busting drugs to sites of vascular occlusion, and co-development of a new surface coating based on
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2015: Human Organs-on-Chips exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York; displayed at Le
Laboratoire Cambridge in Cambridge, Massachusetts; and selected as a finalist by the Design Museum in London for the Design of the Year
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2001: Lecture on tensegrity presented at the "Image and
Meaning" conference at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts; Tensegrity multimedia presentation included in exhibition "On Growth and Form" at the Textile Museum of Canada in
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2013: Received the NC3Rs 3Rs Prize from the UK's
National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), and was named an honorary member of the Society of Toxicology for his work on
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2016: Cellular Tensegrity Models, Organ Chips, and Shrilk exhibited at the Martin Gropius-Bau Museum, Berlin; Organ Chips displayed at the Holon Design Museum, Israel and King Abdulaziz Center for World Culture, Saudi
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2019: Guest curator of Bio-Futurism Exhibition and contributor to the Triennial Exhibition at Cooper-Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum, New York; Organ Chips displayed at Barbican Centre London and Pompidou Centre
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Ingber collaborates internationally with artists, architects, and designers, as well as scientists, physicians, engineers, and the public. Examples of his involvement in the art/design community include:
667:(formerly Institute of Medicine) of the U.S. National Academies, one of the highest honors in the field of medicine in the United States, and won the World Technology Award in the biotechnology category.
509:/Harvard Cancer Center. He also has been a member of the Center for Nanoscale Systems and the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center at Harvard, as well as the MIT Center for Bioengineering.
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training as an Anna Fuller Postdoctoral Fellow under the mentorship of Dr. Judah Folkman in the Surgical Research Laboratory at Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
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232:. Ingber has authored more than 470 publications in scientific journals and books, and is an inventor on more than 190 patents spanning anti-cancer therapeutics, tissue engineering,
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2010: Tensegrity multimedia exhibition displayed at Le Laboratoire in Paris; lecture presentation on tensegrity and nanobiotechnology at the Boston Museum of Science.
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2010: Received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Society for In Vitro Biology and the Rous-Whipple Award from the American Society for Investigative Pathology.
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505:(MIT) through his involvement in the Center for Integration in Medicine and Innovative Technology, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, and
472:(SLIPS) for medical devices and implants that could eliminate the conventional dependency on anticoagulant drugs that pose life-threatening side-effect risks.
1000:"Mechanochemical Switching between Growth and Differentiation during Fibroblast Growth Factor-stimulated Angiogenesis In Vitro: Role of Extracellular Matrix"
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2655:"Founding Director of Harvard's Wyss Institute Elected to the College of Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering"
260:, which formed to commercialize human "organs-on-chips" that accelerate drug development, detect toxicities and advance personalized medicine by
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2017: Co-produced short film “The Beginning” to entertain and educate the public about molecular biology down to the atomic scale of precision.
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2011: Human Lung-on-a-Chip selected an INDEX Design for Life Award finalist and included in the INDEX: Award 2011 Exhibition in Copenhagen.
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Ingber DE, Fernandez JG (January 24, 2012). "Unexpected Strength and Toughness in Chitosan-Fibroin Laminates Inspired by Insect Cuticle".
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2359:"Clarivate Analytics names the world's most impactful scientific researchers with the release of the 2017 Highly Cited Researchers List"
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for interdisciplinary contributions to mechanobiology and microsystems engineering, and leadership in biologically inspired engineering.
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Cells as tensegrity structures: architectural regulation of histodifferentiation by physical forces transducer over basement membrane
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2011: Inducted into the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering's College of Fellows and received the Holst Medal.
1874:"Wyss Institute to Receive up to $ 37 Million from DARPA to Integrate Multiple Organ-on-Chip Systems to Mimic the Whole Human Body"
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2764:"Donald Ingber awarded the 2009 BMES Pritzker Distinguished Lectureship for outstanding achievements, originality and leadership"
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One of his more recent innovations is the creation of tiny, complex, three-dimensional models of living human organs, known as "
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in 1977; an M.Phil. in cell biology from Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in 1981; and a combined M.D./Ph.D. from
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2012:"Silencing HoxA1 by Intraductal Injection of siRNA Lipidoid Nanoparticles Prevents Mammary Tumor Progression in Mice"
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2005: Received the Talbot Medal in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign..
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Professorship of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical School. As of December 2019, he currently holds this position.
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2005: Tensegrity multimedia exhibited at the "Image and Meaning" conference at the Getty Center in Los Angeles.
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2018: Organ Chips displayed in Biodesign Exhibition at the Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, RI.
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and Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in 1984. At Yale, he carried out undergraduate research on
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Ingber DE, Kang JH (September 14, 2014). "An extracorporeal blood-cleansing device for sepsis therapy".
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646:, Pioneer Award from the University of Pittsburgh, and Max Tishler Lecture Award from Tufts University.
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Earlier in his career, Ingber helped to bridge Harvard University, its affiliated hospitals, and the
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Ingber worked on development of cancer therapeutics with Kenneth Harrap at the Royal Cancer Hospital/
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436:- is a fundamental design principle that governs how living systems are structured, from individual
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In 2002, appointed a senior associate in the Vascular Biology Program at Boston Children's Hospital
2708:"Wyss Founding Director Receives Lifetime Achievement Award from the Society of In Vitro Biology"
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1542:"A bioinspired omniphobic surface coating on medical devices prevents thrombosis and biofouling"
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1684:"A Human Disease Model of Drug Toxicity-Induced Pulmonary Edema in Lung-on-a-Chip Microdevice"
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2014: Delivered the Graeme Clark Oration in Melbourne, Australia to an audience of over 1,400.
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Ingber, Donald (2011). "What We Sort: Venus Paradise Coloring Set", in Sherry Turkle (ed).
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Museum in London; Shrilk displayed at the Booth Museum of Natural history in Brighton, UK.
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2002: Lecture presentation tensegrity and biological design at Boston Museum of Science.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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2555:"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences – NCATS Catalyzing Innovation"
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1128:"Donald Ingber appointed to Friedrich Merz Guest Professorship at Goethe University"
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2009–2014: Received a Breast Cancer Innovator Award from the Department of Defense.
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1495:"From E. coli to Ebola: A device that can filter deadly pathogens out of the body"
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2018: Named to the Highly Cited Researchers List 2006–2016 by Clarivate Analytics.
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In 1993, appointed a research associate in pathology at Boston Children's Hospital
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276:. He received a combined B.A./M.A. in molecular biophysics and biochemistry from
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Assessment of Directions in Microgravity and Physical Sciences Research at NASA
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2599:"Donald Ingber Elected to the Institute of Medicine | Harvard Medical School"
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1991 to 1996: Recipient of an American Cancer Society Faculty Research Award.
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2436:"Advanced Training Course | Regenerative Medicine at the McGowan Institute"
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1384:"Role of basal lamina in neoplastic disorganization of tissue architecture"
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2682:"Wyss Institute Founding Director Donald Ingber Receives 2011 Holst Medal"
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2009: Received the Pritzker Award from the Biomedical Engineering Society.
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Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University
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with Paul Howard-Flanders, and on cancer metastasis with Alan Sartorelli.
2162:. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. April 5, 2006. p. vi.
1793:"Three 'Organs-on-Chips' ready to serve as disease models, drug testbeds"
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Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
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1286:"Cellular mechanotransduction: putting all the pieces together again"
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In 1999, promoted to Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School
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2790:"Novel noninvasive therapy prevents breast cancer formation in mice"
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1995:
1978:
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Ingber DE, Aizenberg J, Leslie D, Waterhouse A (October 12, 2013).
949:
Mechanical Engineering of the Cytoskeleton in Developmental Biology
2573:"Society of Toxicology honors members for scientific achievements"
2195:. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. 2000. p. xiii.
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2002: Named to Esquire's list of the world's "Best and Brightest".
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Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Ingber has received numerous awards and distinctions, including:
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257:
2192:
Future Biotechnology Research on the International Space Station
1682:
Ingber DE, McAlexander MA, Huh D, Leslie DC (November 7, 2012).
1539:
1195:"Tensegrity I. Cell structure and hierarchical systems biology"
479:" (Organ Chips), which mimic complicated human organ functions
1901:"Military's 'Body-on-a-chip' Could Fast-Track Pharmaceuticals"
1767:"Harvard's Wyss Institute Creates Living Human Gut-on-a-Chip"
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Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
2579:. EurekAlert! AAAS. Society of Toxicology. February 15, 2013
402:
In 2018, appointed to Friedrich Merz Guest Professorship at
2624:"Don Ingber and Wyss Institute Win World Technology Awards"
2271:. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. p. xi.
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584:. He served as a member of the Space Studies Board of the
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2222:
1258:. Orlando: Academic Press. pp. 13–32. Archived from
1103:"Biostasis Project Advances to Next Phase of Development"
846:"Emulate Launches to Commercialize Human Organs-on-Chips"
578:
American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
171:
American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
2159:
Review of NASA Plans for the International Space Station
392:. As of December 2019, he currently holds this position.
871:
2483:"The Leading Global Thinkers of 2015 – Foreign Policy"
2922:
Donald Ingber's webpage at the Wyss Institute website
2865:"Human organs-on-chips named Design of the Year 2015"
1849:"Taking the brain apart to put it all together again"
1619:"Reconstituting Organ-Level Lung Functions on a Chip"
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350:
In 1986, Ingber became an instructor in pathology at
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Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
2796:. EurekAlert! AAAS. Wyss Institute. January 1, 2014
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2017: Founder's Award from the Biophysical Society.
395:In 2009, appointed as the Founding Director of the
27:
American cell biologist and bioengineer (born 1956)
2010:Ingber DE, Collins JJ, Brock A (January 1, 2014).
2009:
390:Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
377:In 2004, Ingber became the first incumbent of the
267:
2300:https://academic.oup.com/ib/pages/Editorial_Board
1741:"Can We Eliminate Animals from Medical Research?"
974:"Engineering Information: Donald Ingber, MD, PhD"
2982:Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
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2734:"Wyss Leadership: Donald E. Ingber, M.D., Ph.D."
496:
428:architecture - first described by the architect
2411:"Ingber receives the 2016 BMES Shu Chien Award"
1925:
796:"Neomorphics, Inc: Private Company Information"
399:. As of 2020, he currently holds this position.
2229:. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.
1382:Ingber DE, Madri JA, Jamieson JD (June 1981).
1248:
192:Ingber is a founder of the emerging fields of
821:"Tensegra, Inc.: Private Company Information"
696:
898:. MIT Press (pp. 252–261), p. 254.
642:, and received the Shu Chien Award from the
410:
2977:Members of the National Academy of Medicine
1617:DE Ingber; Hsin HY; Huh D (June 25, 2010).
155:Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology
2513:. The Graeme Clark Oration. Archived from
2265:National Research Council (May 25, 2005).
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1976:
1339:Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
555:University of Massachusetts Medical School
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1994:
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282:Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
165:, and Professor of Bioengineering at the
90:Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
2840:"Art advancing science at the nanoscale"
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758:Crow, James Mitchell (19 January 2015).
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1048:"Lab on a Chip Editorial Board Details"
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470:Slippery Liquid Infused Porous Surfaces
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1979:"Nanoparticles home in to clear clots"
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952:. Science Academic Press. 1994-04-22.
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640:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
582:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
547:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
503:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
356:surgery at Boston Children's Hospital
354:, as well as a research associate in
187:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
145:. He is the founding director of the
2762:Weintraub, Karen (October 2, 2009).
2487:2015globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com
2103:"Can molecular modeling go quantum?"
1530:
1511:Storr, Krystnell A. (July 5, 2012).
1493:Phillip, Abby (September 16, 2014).
1459:Reardon, Sara (September 14, 2014).
1335:"Tensegrity and mechanotransduction"
896:Falling for Science: Objects in Mind
693:Lifetime Achievement Award in 2018.
559:Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
519:Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
312:
303:
1461:"Artificial spleen cleans up blood"
760:"The man who built organs on chips"
607:He is an advisory board member for
384:In 2008, appointed as Professor of
24:
2770:. Harvard Gazette. Harvard Gazette
2680:Mowatt, Twig (December 16, 2011).
2223:National Research Council (2003).
25:
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2886:
2653:Mowatt, Twig (February 4, 2011).
2268:The Astrophysical Context of Life
1899:Drummond, Katie (July 31, 2012).
539:Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital
419:Ingber presenting at PopTech 2010
194:biologically inspired engineering
2957:21st-century American biologists
2893:
2739:. Wyss Institute. Archived from
2688:. Wyss Institute. Wyss Institute
2661:. Wyss Institute. Wyss Institute
2630:. Wyss Institute. Archived from
2134:. Wyss Institute. Archived from
1823:"Bone marrow-on-a-chip unveiled"
1799:. Wyss Institute. Archived from
1739:Burrell, Teal (August 7, 2013).
1594:. Wyss Institute. Archived from
1333:Ingber, Donald (June 16, 2008).
1193:Ingber, Donald (April 1, 2003).
910:"Interview with Donald E Ingber"
317:
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2816:"LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT SYNOPSIS"
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2507:"The 2014 Graeme Clark Oration"
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1773:. Wyss Institute. 27 March 2012
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1249:Ingber DE, Jamieson JD (1985).
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998:Ingber, Donald (July 1, 1989).
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627:National Academy of Engineering
594:National Academy of Engineering
308:
268:Education and academic research
175:National Academy of Engineering
2947:Yale School of Medicine alumni
2820:Marquis Who's Who Ventures LLC
2511:www.graemeclarkeoration.org.au
2016:Science Translational Medicine
1880:. Wyss Institute. 24 July 2012
1688:Science Translational Medicine
940:
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665:National Institute of Medicine
644:Biomedical Engineering Society
625:2021: Elected a member of the
598:National Institute of Medicine
586:U.S. National Research Council
535:Massachusetts General Hospital
486:Science Translational Medicine
13:
1:
2714:. Wyss Institute. 7 June 2010
2456:"2016 Tufts Tishler Lectures"
1829:. Wyss Institute. 28 May 2014
1073:"Build it Like Mother Nature"
745:
651:National Academy of Inventors
574:National Academy of Inventors
497:Leadership and public service
183:National Academy of Inventors
169:. He is also a member of the
2537:"Watch video recording here"
2384:"2017 Society Award Winners"
2028:10.1126/scitranslmed.3007048
1977:Ingber, DE (July 11, 2012).
1700:10.1126/scitranslmed.3004249
590:National Academy of Sciences
570:National Academy of Medicine
531:Dana Farber Cancer Institute
523:Brigham and Women's Hospital
364:Brigham and Women's Hospital
206:extracellular matrix biology
179:National Academy of Medicine
7:
1513:"A Shotgun for Blood Clots"
1284:Ingber, Donald (May 2006).
1004:The Journal of Cell Biology
137:(born 1956) is an American
10:
2998:
2967:Harvard University faculty
2128:"About Us: Wyss Institute"
1351:10.1016/j.jbmt.2008.04.038
697:Art and design exhibitions
568:Ingber is a member of the
527:Boston Children's Hospital
163:Boston Children's Hospital
1907:. Forbes Magazine. Forbes
1473:10.1038/nature.2014.15917
1446:National Cancer Institute
1179:10.4249/scholarpedia.8344
785:, Harvard Medical School.
616:
588:(NRC), which advises the
411:Significant contributions
326:This section needs to be
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76:
72:
51:
39:
32:
262:replacing animal testing
1643:10.1126/science.1188302
1199:Journal of Cell Science
1152:Landau, Donald (2012).
908:Ingber, Donald (2014).
286:Yale School of Medicine
250:bioinformatics software
2335:"Dr. Donald E. Ingber"
1948:10.1002/adma.201104051
1409:10.1073/pnas.78.6.3901
978:www.engineeringdir.com
420:
352:Harvard Medical School
297:Royal Marsden Hospital
230:translational medicine
159:Harvard Medical School
105:Royal Marsden Hospital
1442:"NCI Drug Dictionary"
1303:10.1096/fj.05-5424rev
1016:10.1083/jcb.109.1.317
663:2012: Elected to the
649:2015: Elected to the
638:2016: Elected to the
418:
274:East Meadow, New York
238:drug delivery systems
66:East Meadow, New York
1546:Nature Biotechnology
872:"Welcome to Opsonix"
850:www.businesswire.com
563:University of Zurich
242:biomimetic materials
202:cytoskeletal biology
2962:Yale College alumni
2634:on 17 February 2013
1940:2012AdM....24..480F
1635:2010Sci...328.1662H
1629:(5986): 1662–1668.
1499:The Washington Post
1400:1981PNAS...78.3901I
1170:2012SchpJ...7.8344L
1083:on 11 February 2015
610:Integrative Biology
123:Javier G. Fernandez
77:Academic background
2743:on 8 February 2015
2517:on 3 February 2015
2391:www.biophysics.org
2138:on 8 February 2015
1928:Advanced Materials
1803:on 2 February 2015
1598:on 2 February 2015
1265:on 2 February 2015
765:2018-07-02 at the
430:Buckminster Fuller
421:
272:Ingber grew up in
218:tissue engineering
214:tumor angiogenesis
210:integrin signaling
151:Harvard University
109:Harvard University
2605:. 16 October 2012
2559:www.ncats.nih.gov
2315:Missing or empty
2244:978-0-309-08639-4
2067:(10): 1211–1216.
1694:(159): 159ra147.
1588:"Organs-on-Chips"
1552:(11): 1134–1140.
1212:10.1242/jcs.00359
1205:(Pt 7): 613–627.
1010:(July): 317–330.
926:10.2217/nnm.14.31
825:www.bloomberg.com
800:www.bloomberg.com
543:Boston University
459:Ingber's work on
432:and the sculptor
404:Goethe University
347:
346:
304:Scientific career
222:nanobiotechnology
132:
131:
16:(Redirected from
2989:
2911:Donald E. Ingber
2897:
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2620:
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2595:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2569:
2563:
2562:
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2545:
2544:
2539:. Archived from
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2503:
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2007:
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1558:10.1038/nbt.3020
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1491:
1485:
1484:
1456:
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1421:
1411:
1394:(6): 3901–3905.
1379:
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1305:
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1274:
1272:
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1124:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1079:. Archived from
1077:wyss.harvard.edu
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1027:
995:
989:
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831:
817:
811:
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792:
786:
780:
774:
756:
660:Organs-on-Chips.
551:Tufts University
342:
339:
333:
321:
320:
313:
246:nanotherapeutics
135:Donald E. Ingber
115:Notable students
62:
60:
44:
34:Donald E. Ingber
30:
29:
21:
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2139:
2126:
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2112:
2110:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2073:10.1038/nm.3640
2061:Nature Medicine
2057:
2053:
2022:(217): 217ra2.
2008:
2004:
1996:10.1038/487142a
1975:
1971:
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1910:
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946:
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941:
906:
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893:
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880:
878:
876:Opsonix Website
870:
869:
865:
855:
853:
844:
843:
839:
829:
827:
819:
818:
814:
804:
802:
794:
793:
789:
783:"Donald Ingber"
781:
777:
767:Wayback Machine
757:
753:
748:
699:
619:
499:
477:organs-on-chips
434:Kenneth Snelson
413:
343:
337:
334:
331:
322:
318:
311:
306:
270:
256:most recently,
234:medical devices
226:systems biology
121:
107:
68:
63:
58:
56:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2899:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:External links
2885:
2882:
2881:
2869:Wyss Institute
2856:
2844:Wyss Institute
2831:
2807:
2781:
2768:Online article
2754:
2725:
2699:
2672:
2645:
2615:
2590:
2564:
2546:
2543:on 2015-02-03.
2528:
2498:
2474:
2463:chem.tufts.edu
2447:
2427:
2415:Wyss Institute
2402:
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2235:10.17226/10624
2215:
2201:
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2119:
2107:Wyss Institute
2094:
2051:
2002:
1969:
1934:(4): 480–484.
1918:
1905:Online article
1891:
1865:
1853:Wyss Institute
1840:
1814:
1784:
1758:
1747:. PBS. PBS.org
1745:Online Article
1731:
1674:
1609:
1579:
1529:
1503:
1486:
1451:
1433:
1374:
1345:(3): 198–200.
1325:
1296:(7): 811–827.
1276:
1241:
1185:
1144:
1132:Wyss Institute
1119:
1107:Wyss Institute
1094:
1064:
1039:
990:
965:
958:
939:
920:(7): 949–954.
900:
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852:. 28 July 2014
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386:Bioengineering
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46:Ingber in 2010
45:
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33:
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9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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18:Donald Ingber
2909:
2908:
2907:profile for
2904:
2873:. Retrieved
2871:. 2015-06-22
2868:
2859:
2848:. Retrieved
2846:. 2017-10-18
2843:
2834:
2823:. Retrieved
2819:
2810:
2798:. Retrieved
2793:
2784:
2772:. Retrieved
2767:
2757:
2745:. Retrieved
2741:the original
2736:
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