821:
associated with such traits. For
Cameron, the traits were contagions and anyone affected by the societal, cultural or personality forms would themselves be infected. Cameron used his ideas to implement policies on who should govern and parent in society. The described types would have to be eliminated from society if there was to be peace and progress. The sick were, for Cameron, the viral infection to its stability and health. The described types were the enemies of society and life. Experts must develop methods of forcefully changing attitudes and beliefs to prevent the authoritarian overlord.
750:, Cameron fostered a fear for Germans and their genetic determination. Those Germans affected by the events that led to World War II were of utmost concern. Cameron's concerns extended to his policies determining who should have children and advance to positions of authority. According to Cameron's psychiatric analysis of the German people, they were not suitable to have children or hold positions of authority because of a genetic tendency to organize society in a way that fostered fearsome aggression and would lead to war rather than peace; he would repeatedly use the German as the
31:
914:, who was also involved with the intelligence services (though not with MKULTRA) and experimented extensively on his patients without their consent, causing similar long-term damage. Several of the children who Cameron experimented on were sexually abused, in at least one case by several men. One of the children was filmed numerous times performing sexual acts with high-ranking federal government officials, in a scheme set up by Cameron and other MKULTRA researchers, to blackmail the officials to ensure further funding for the experiments.
686:
was the nucleus of social behavior and anxieties later in life were spawned during childhood. Cameron wanted to build an inventive psychiatric institution to determine rapid ways for societal control while demanding a psychological economy that did not center itself around guilt and guilt complexes. His focus on children included the rights to protection against outmoded, doctrinaire tactics, and the necessity for the implantation of
580:
acts of extreme aggression.; if the greater population of
Germany saw the atrocities of World War II, they would surely submit to a re-organized system of justice. Cameron decided that Germans would be most likely to commit atrocities due to their historical, biological, racial and cultural past and their particular psychological nature. All Germans on trial would be assessed according to the likeliness for committing the crime.
673:
able to cope with industrial conditions. Cameron would analyze what conditions produced the stronger worker, what would be the necessary conditions to replicate this personality and to reward the stronger while disciplining the weaker. In his 1946 paper entitled "Frontiers of Social
Psychiatry", he used the case of World War II Germany as an example where society poisoned the minds of citizens by creating a general anxiety or
379:, the second largest city of Manitoba, Canada. Cameron stayed there for seven years and was made physician-in-charge of the Reception Unit of the Provincial Mental Hospital. He also organized the structure of mental health services in the western half of the province, establishing 10 functioning clinics; this model was used as the blueprint for similar efforts in Montreal and a forerunner of 1960s community health models.
703:. Thus, this group would have to be studied and controlled as a contagious social disease. Police, hospitals, government, and schools would need to use the correct psychiatric authority to stop mental contagions from spreading. Cameron also hoped to generate families capable of using authority and techniques to take measures against mental illness, which would later be apparent in Cameron's
669:'s view of mental illness. In his analysis, culture and society played a crucial role in the ability for one to function according to the demands necessary for human survival. Therefore, society should function to select out the weak and unwanted, those apt towards fearsome aggression that threatened society. Psychiatry would play a disciplinary role.
685:
Although
Cameron rejected the Freudian notion of the unconscious, he shared the Freudian idea that personal psychology is linked to the nervous nature. He theorized that attitudes and beliefs should reinforce the overall attitudes of the desired society. Like Freud, Cameron maintained that the family
518:
globally to develop the psychiatry program at McGill From its beginning in 1943, the Allan
Memorial Institute was run on an "open door" basis, allowing patients to leave if they wished, as opposed to the "closed door" policy of other hospitals in Canada in the early 1940s. In 1946, Cameron introduced
720:
If we can succeed in inventing means of changing their attitudes and beliefs, we shall find ourselves in possession of measures which, if wisely used, may be employed in freeing ourselves from their attitudes and beliefs in other fields which have greatly contributed to the instability of our period
672:
Cameron began to explore how industrial conditions could satisfy the population through work and what kind of person or worker is best suited to industrial conditions. A stronger personality would be able to maintain itself in heavy industrial situations, he theorised, while the weaker would not be
607:
Cameron started to distinguish populations between "the weak" and "the strong". Those with anxieties or insecurities and who had trouble with the state of the world were labelled as "the weak"; in
Cameron's analysis, they could not cope with life and had to be isolated from society by "the strong".
579:
to World War II. Cameron viewed German society throughout history as continually giving rise to fearsome aggression. He came up with the idea that if he presented the world and confronted the
Germans with the atrocities committed during the war, the world and the Germans would refrain from repeated
650:
which concentrated on the roles of interpersonal interaction, family, community and culture in the emergence and amelioration of emotional disturbance. Cameron placed the psychiatric treatment unit inside of the hospital and inspected its success. Here in the hospital
Cameron could observe how the
455:
schools and models of the practice. Cameron followed these schools in demanding that mental disturbances are diseases and somatic in nature; all psychological illness would therefore be hardwired, a product of the body and the direct result of a patient's biological structure rather than caused by
820:
Cameron stated, "Get it understood how dangerous these damaged, sick personalities are to ourselves – and above all, to our children, whose traits are taking form and we shall find ways to put an end to them." He spoke about
Germans, but also to the larger portion of the society that resembled or
690:
and inhibitions from their parents. Cameron wrote that mental illness was transmitted generationally; thus, the re-occurrence of mental illness could be stopped by remodeling and expanding existing concepts of marriage suitability, as well as the quarantine of mentally ill individuals from the
816:
Cameron believed that a society in which psychiatry built and developed the institutions of government, schools, prisons and hospitals would be one in which science triumphed over the "sick" members of society. He demanded that political systems be watched, and that German people needed to be
460:
emerging from the brain. It is at this juncture that he became interested with how he could effectively manipulate the brain to control and understand the processes of memory. He furthermore wanted to understand the problems of memory caused by aging, believing that the aged brain experienced
846:
program, which began funding his work under MKUltra subproject 68. He is unrelated to another CIA psychiatrist, Alan S. Cameron, who helped pioneer psychological profiling of world leaders during the 1970s and was not associated with the behavioral modification research program.
795:
The insecure man – "They are the driven crowds that makes the army of the authoritarian overlord; they are the stuffing of conservatism ... mediocrity is their god. They fear the stranger, they fear the new idea; they are afraid to live, and scared to die." This third type needs
770:. He argued that people with mental illnesses could spread and transmit their diseases. He warned that government institutions should take measures against such potential liabilities. Cameron began to base some of his notions on race, as is seen in his theories regarding the
925:(35 days) and by repeated depatterning, and although she received 101 days of positive driving, no favourable results were obtained." Patients were tested in the Radio Telemetry Laboratory, which was built under Cameron's direction. Here, patients were exposed to a range of
583:
Cameron began to develop broader theories of society, new concepts of human relations to replace concepts he deemed dangerous and outdated. These became the basis of a new social and behavioural science that he would later institute through his presidencies of the
Canadian,
523:, the first of its kind in North America, permitting patients to remain at home while receiving treatment at the institute during the day, thus avoiding unnecessary hospitalization and allowing the patients to maintain ties with their community and family.
800:
and obeys the dictates of society, adhering to a world of strict standards of right or wrong (which are manipulated by power groups to keep the insecure controlled and dependent). Cameron theorized that this type is dangerous because of its "lust for
651:
psychiatric patient resembled patients with other diseases that were not psychiatric in nature. In this manner, somatic causes could be compared. The behaviour of a mental patient could resemble the behaviour of a patient with, for example,
1010:
Whether or not Cameron was aware that funding for his experiments was coming from the CIA is unclear; it has been argued that he would have carried out the exact same experiments if funding had come from a source without ulterior motives.
2126:
694:
Cameron believed that mental illness was literally contagious – that if one came into contact with someone with mental illness, one would begin to produce the symptoms of a mental disease. For example, something like
987:
that Cameron's research and his contribution to MKUltra were not about mind control and brainwashing, but "to design a scientifically based system for extracting information from 'resistant sources.' In other words,
558:
and its individual citizens would have to be transformed and reorganized. In his analysis, German culture was made up of people who had the need for status, worshipped strict order and regimentation, desired
563:
leadership and had a deeply ingrained fear of other countries. The paper stated that German culture and its people would have offspring bound to become a threat to world peace in 30 years. To prevent this,
382:
In 1933, he married Jean C. Rankine, whom he had met while they were students at the University of Glasgow. She was a former captain of the Scottish field hockey team, a competitive tennis player, and
655:, and then a somatic cause could be deduced for a psychological illness. Cameron titled this procedure "intrapsychic" (a term derived from the psycho-somatic relationship of hospital patients).
432:
area. During those years, Cameron began to expand on his thoughts about the interrelationships of mind and body, developing a reputation as a psychiatrist who could bridge the gap between the
401:
which introduced his belief that psychiatry should approach the study of human behavior in a rigorous, scientific fashion rooted in biology. His theories of behavior stressed the unity of the
2069:
604:
to act as the social planners of society, and that the United Nations could provide a conduit for implementing his ideas for applying psychiatric elements to global governance and politics.
2133:
228:
2824:
506:
for psychiatry was founded. Cameron became the first director of the Allan Memorial Institute as well as the first chairman of the Department of Psychiatry at McGill. He recruited
2421:
612:
were thus labelled as not only sick, but also weak. Cameron further argued that "the weak" must not influence children. He promoted a philosophy where chaos could be prevented by
425:
2208:
2830:
2274:
575:. In this, he hoped to establish a suitable method to reinstate a form of justice in Germany that could prevent its society from recreating the attitudes that led it from the
2202:
942:
interviewed two former patients of Cameron's who were among several of his ex patients who were at that time suing the CIA for the long term effects of Cameron's treatment.
440:
was limited to maps of the mind as opposed to maps of the brain. Through his instruction of nurses and psychiatrists he became an authority in his areas of concentration.
3204:
3015:
898:
of noise or simple statements. These experiments were typically carried out on patients who had entered the Institute for minor problems such as anxiety disorders and
2789:
2634:
2268:
2142:
2628:
910:, forgetting how to talk, forgetting their parents, and thinking their interrogators were their parents. His work was inspired and paralleled by the psychiatrist
2693:
2576:
2570:
2298:
2059:
2771:
2729:
2687:
2640:
2588:
2385:
2379:
2956:
817:
monitored due to their "personality type", which he claimed results in the conditions that give rise to the dictatorial power of an authoritarian overlord.
3111:
3039:
3033:
3021:
2985:
2848:
2836:
2622:
2558:
2534:
2397:
2119:
933:
signals and monitored for changes in behaviour. It was reported that none of the patients sent to the Radio Telemetry Lab showed any signs of improvement.
3093:
2997:
2938:
2920:
2890:
2657:
2604:
2594:
2528:
2498:
2469:
2433:
2391:
2339:
792:
A possessive type, filled with jealousy and demanding utmost loyalty. This personality type poses a danger to those closest to them, especially children.
532:
3189:
2950:
2926:
2884:
2777:
2723:
2705:
2675:
2582:
2552:
2361:
2349:
2345:
2316:
1164:
3117:
3063:
2932:
2759:
2711:
2598:
2546:
2504:
2439:
2409:
2373:
2355:
2214:
963:, which also dramatizes the lawsuit of Cameron's ex-patients against the CIA. The son of one of Cameron's patients noted in a memoir that other than
3069:
3214:
3099:
2616:
2451:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2196:
405:
with the environment; the book also outlined experimental method and research design. Cameron believed firmly in clinical psychiatry and a strict
3105:
3081:
3003:
2866:
2735:
2333:
2292:
2262:
2256:
368:
2962:
2896:
2522:
3179:
2944:
781:. It describes various personalities that he believed were of marked danger to all members of society. The personality types are as follows:
1196:
3154:
2367:
568:
would have to take measures to reorganize German society. Other similar psychiatric diagnoses of Germany were published during this time.
894:" experiments consisted of putting a subject into a drug-induced coma for weeks at a time (up to three months in one case) while playing
3149:
1696:
624:
In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Cameron continued his work on memory and its relationship to aging. He published a book called
232:
3219:
1748:
921:
to immobilise his patients during his research. After one test he noted: "Although the patient was prepared by both prolonged
762:
Although society had established sanctions against the spread of infectious diseases, Cameron wanted to extend the concept of
3194:
3174:
785:
A passive man who "is afraid to say what he really thinks" and "will stand anything, and stands for nothing". "e was born in
691:
general population. The only cure for mental illness, he theorized, was to eliminate its "carriers" from society altogether.
666:
1428:
416:, where he received his diplomate in psychiatry and thus was certified in psychiatry. From 1939 to 1943 he was professor of
3199:
3169:
1321:
1891:
1777:
953:
explored the history of Cameron and Montreal's Allan Memorial Institute. This was made into a TV mini-series directed by
1803:
1729:
699:
could be created by mentally ill people and would produce mentally ill people through infection, which in turn would be
1990:
1789:
1679:
1874:
1544:
1461:
1412:
629:
1138:
2146:
585:
224:
3184:
3159:
243:
1230:
592:, the American Psychopathological Association and the Society of Biological Psychiatry. With the results of the
2100:
1841:
1785:
1675:
1299:
1000:'s earlier breakthrough, laid the scientific foundation for the CIA's two-stage psychological torture method."
325:
1200:
589:
236:
1171:
1116:
2286:
1921:
1707:
938:
3164:
2220:
1917:
1896:
836:
220:
1769:
1663:
3045:
2510:
2415:
1478:
959:
333:
329:
259:
324:
in 1925. In 1926, he served as assistant medical officer there and was introduced to psychiatrist Sir
211:. He is largely known today for his central role in unethical medical experiments, and development of
2111:
1703:
1368:
887:
535:
and Paul L. Schroeder, colonel and psychiatrist, University College of Illinois, were invited to the
251:
289:
technique he developed continued to see extensive use in the torture of prisoners around the world.
3209:
1943:
867:
503:
394:
321:
242:
In spite of his high professional reputation, he has been criticized for, among other things, his
2564:
2280:
2226:
1861:
In the Name of Science: A History of Secret Programs, Medical Research, and Human Experimentation
1204:
1866:
600:
could fall into the hands of new, fearsome aggressors. Cameron argued that it was necessary for
386:
in mathematics at the University of Glasgow. They had four children; a daughter and three sons.
2427:
2190:
2160:
1600:
1452:
Cleghorn, Robert (1995). "Cameron at McGill". In Sourkes, Theodore L.; Gilbert, Pinard (eds.).
1283:
943:
481:
444:
421:
341:
168:
2481:
2475:
2445:
2304:
1935:
1433:
950:
899:
870:
and was paid $ 69,000 from 1957 to 1964 to carry out MKUltra experiments there, known as the
855:
808:, the greatest danger in times of political and societal upheaval; this Cameron labeled "the
485:
310:
282:
212:
86:
363:, in Switzerland, where he studied under Hans W. Maier, the successor of Swiss psychiatrist
3144:
3139:
2979:
2801:
2753:
2610:
2463:
1020:
903:
871:
360:
314:
30:
8:
1734:
972:
2860:
2854:
2681:
2166:
2033:
2013:
1859:
1438:
1343:
1316:
1257:
1101:
1066:
1032:
983:
902:; many were permanently debilitated after these treatments. Such consequences included
763:
635:
to memory. He furthered his diagnostic definitions of clinical states such as anxiety,
601:
247:
3057:
3009:
2991:
2914:
2908:
2663:
2096:
1986:
1870:
1837:
1781:
1671:
1628:
1540:
1532:
1514:
1457:
1408:
1385:
1348:
1330:
1295:
1088:
922:
863:
647:
636:
593:
511:
469:
406:
376:
275:
172:
1261:
3075:
2699:
2310:
2184:
2172:
1833:
1752:
1510:
1377:
1338:
1249:
1096:
1080:
930:
662:
536:
429:
413:
263:
90:
2872:
2795:
2717:
2540:
1047:
993:
926:
911:
891:
830:
477:
298:
286:
267:
216:
60:
854:
by "erasing" existing memories and "reprogramming" the psyche. He commuted from
754:
character structure on which to ground the most psychologically deviant humans.
3051:
2878:
2783:
2747:
2250:
997:
968:
743:
609:
597:
555:
507:
495:
448:
433:
317:
in 1925, and an M.D. with distinction from the University of Glasgow in 1936.
3133:
3087:
3027:
2842:
2765:
2060:"Stunning tale of brainwashing, the CIA and an unsuspecting Scots researcher"
1807:
1765:
1659:
1528:
1389:
1334:
1092:
851:
640:
565:
560:
490:
390:
364:
337:
64:
1498:
356:
2741:
2516:
2064:
1632:
1381:
1291:
1165:"Society of Biological Psychiatry 65th Annual Meeting Program Book (p. 14)"
1084:
1037:
964:
954:
843:
520:
306:
271:
208:
158:
1940:
In the Sleep Room: The Story of the CIA Brainwashing Experiments in Canada
1352:
996:: "Stripped of its bizarre excesses, Cameron's experiments, building upon
947:
In the Sleep Room: The Story of the CIA Brainwashing Experiments in Canada
543:. Their diagnosis was amnesia and hysteria, per a short commentary in the
2902:
2818:
2403:
2025:
2005:
1773:
1667:
1253:
1142:
978:
835:
During the 1950s and 1960s, Cameron's work attracted the interest of the
576:
540:
499:
1956:
309:
minister. He received an M.B., Ch.B. in psychological medicine from the
1622:
805:
797:
789:, he is the eternal compromiser and his spiritual food is appeasement".
700:
696:
515:
154:
2141:
2093:
Medicine Betrayed: The Participation of Doctors in Human Rights Abuses
1830:
In the Sleep Room: The Story of CIA Brainwashing Experiments in Canada
367:, who had significantly influenced psychiatric thinking. There he met
2457:
2178:
1245:
1041:
895:
879:
777:
In the late 1940s, Cameron presented his ideas in a lecture entitled
751:
462:
457:
417:
345:
106:
436:, structural neurologists, and the psychiatrists whose knowledge of
375:'s principal psychiatrist, who convinced Cameron in 1929 to move to
1770:
The Search for the "Manchurian Candidate": The CIA and Mind Control
1664:
The Search for the "Manchurian Candidate": The CIA and Mind Control
859:
674:
659:
652:
613:
473:
402:
383:
372:
349:
302:
204:
102:
68:
680:
989:
907:
840:
809:
771:
767:
739:
708:
704:
596:, Cameron feared that without proper re-organization of society,
437:
278:
1019:
Cameron died of a heart attack while hiking with his son in the
1007:(2020), which was funded by BBC Scotland and Creative Scotland.
1456:. Department of Psychiatry, McGill University. pp. 77–78.
1231:"Brainwashing's Avatar: The Curious Career of Dr. Ewen Cameron"
1044:
who studied and replicated some of Cameron's torture techniques
918:
883:
786:
687:
452:
255:
1288:
Journey into Madness: Medical Torture and the Mind Controllers
397:
only 1 year later. In 1936, he also published his first book,
1985:. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press. p. 207.
1730:"Doctor Looked After the Sick, And Looked Around for the CIA"
1561:
John W. Thompson: Psychiatrist in the Shadow of the Holocaust
619:
456:
social environments. Characteristics were thus diagnosed as
2090:
1960:
1454:
Building on a Proud Past: 50 Years of Psychiatry at McGill
1692:
1499:"Current Comment: Psychiatric Examination of Rudolf Hess"
1141:. American PsychoPathological Association. Archived from
1071:
875:
632:
352:
from 1926 to 1928 with a Henderson Research Scholarship.
235:(1963), Society of Biological Psychiatry (1965) and the
757:
332:. He continued his training in the United States under
262:, to patients and prisoners without their knowledge or
2049:. Seven Days, Sunday National, 29 March 2020. pp. 1-2.
547:. Hess later confessed that he had faked the amnesia.
550:
Before his arrival in Nuremberg, Cameron had written
266:. Some of this work took place in the context of the
246:
on adults and children as well as his involvement in
738:, published in 1948, he expressed a concern for the
3205:Presidents of the American Psychiatric Association
1858:
1477:
1170:. Society of Biological Psychiatry. Archived from
254:and experimental drugs, including poisons such as
1646:
1644:
1642:
1314:
1003:Cameron is the subject of Stephen Bennett's film
936:In 1980, the Canadian investigative news program
890:at thirty to forty times the normal power. His "
3131:
1850:
1437:. Melbourne, Vic. 26 August 1929. Archived from
628:and extended psychiatric links to human biology.
320:Cameron began his training in psychiatry at the
1983:Psychiatry and the CIA: Victims of Mind Control
1892:"A History of Secret CIA Mind Control Research"
1527:
681:Cameron and Freud: civilization and discontents
631:In papers published during this time he linked
393:to become director of the research division at
1650:Father, Son and CIA by Harvey Weinstein p. 101
1639:
1611:Father, Son and CIA by Harvey Weinstein p. 100
1589:. Nervous and mental disease monograph series.
1407:. Formac Publishing Company. pp. 97–101.
2127:
1282:
971:, no Canadian MP brought up the issue in the
1599:Father, Son and CIA by Harvey Weinstein p.
1503:Journal of the American Medical Association
721:by their propensity for holding up progress
545:Journal of the American Medical Association
2134:
2120:
1593:
1563:. University Rochester Press, 2010. p. 85.
1197:"World Psychiatric Association Chronology"
714:
620:Social and intrapsychic behaviour analysis
328:, a student of Swiss-born US psychiatrist
285:systems. Decades after his own death, the
29:
16:Scottish-American psychiatrist (1901–1967)
3190:Naturalized citizens of the United States
1980:
1496:
1402:
1342:
1308:
1100:
1865:. New York: St Martin's Press. pp.
1856:
1451:
824:
443:Cameron focused primarily on biological
355:In 1928, Cameron left Baltimore for the
292:
3215:Scottish emigrants to the United States
1934:
1827:
1801:
1620:
1584:
1315:Cleghorn RA, Silverman B (1967-10-14).
1224:
1222:
233:American Psychopathological Association
3132:
1889:
1727:
646:He began to develop the discipline of
2115:
1749:"Inside Montreal's House Of Horrors."
1366:"Notes and News: Scottish Division".
1228:
399:Objective and Experimental Psychiatry
3180:Human subject research in psychiatry
2091:British Medical Association (1992).
1322:Canadian Medical Association Journal
1317:"D. Ewen Cameron, M.D., F.R.C.P.{C}"
1219:
1117:"Past Presidents & Board Chairs"
1059:
917:Sid Taylor stated that Cameron used
758:Mental illness as a social contagion
552:The Social Reorganization of Germany
3155:Academic staff of McGill University
1040:, a torture expert affiliated with
526:
13:
1119:. Canadian Psychiatric Association
359:, the psychiatric hospital of the
14:
3231:
3150:20th-century American physicians
2147:American Psychiatric Association
2072:from the original on 7 July 2022
1728:Shudel, Matt (August 31, 2008).
1539:. London: Granada. p. 159.
1515:10.1001/jama.1946.02870120036012
539:for a psychiatric evaluation of
468:In 1943, Cameron was invited to
297:Donald Ewen Cameron was born in
229:Canadian Psychiatric Association
225:American Psychiatric Association
223:. He served as president of the
2084:
2052:
2039:
2019:
1999:
1974:
1949:
1928:
1911:
1883:
1821:
1795:
1759:
1742:
1721:
1691:
1685:
1653:
1614:
1605:
1578:
1566:
1553:
1521:
1490:
1470:
1445:
1421:
1396:
878:, he experimented with various
125:
1585:Cameron, Donald Ewen. (1947).
1486:. January 2, 1956. p. 28.
1359:
1276:
1189:
1157:
1131:
1109:
614:removing the weak from society
590:World Psychiatric Associations
573:Nuremberg and Its Significance
426:Russell Sage School of Nursing
270:program for the developing of
1:
3220:World Psychiatric Association
1981:Weinstein, Harvey M. (1990).
1802:Turbide, Diane (1997-04-21).
1621:Cameron, Donald Ewen (1950).
1201:World Psychiatric Association
1079:(5568): 803–804. 1967-09-23.
1053:
850:Cameron had hoped to correct
658:Cameron began to abandon the
322:Glasgow Royal Mental Hospital
237:World Psychiatric Association
36:
3195:People from Albany, New York
3175:Torture in the United States
1708:George Washington University
7:
3200:People from Bridge of Allan
3170:Central Intelligence Agency
1479:"Part-Time Mental Patients"
1026:
837:Central Intelligence Agency
726:Cameron on the Germans, in
313:in 1924, a D.P.M. from the
221:Central Intelligence Agency
10:
3236:
2416:Carlos Frederick MacDonald
1857:Goliszek, Andrew (2003) .
1836:. pp. 39, 42–3, 133.
1804:"Dr. Cameron's Casualties"
1575:by Harvey Weinstein p. 97.
1403:Weinstein, Harvey (1990).
828:
554:, in which he argued that
260:lysergic acid diethylamide
258:and hallucinogens such as
2972:
2811:
2650:
2491:
2326:
2153:
2045:Bennett, Stephen (2020).
1944:Lester & Orpen Dennys
1704:National Security Archive
1369:Journal of Mental Science
888:electroconvulsive therapy
748:Germany will try it again
252:electroconvulsive therapy
178:
164:
150:
143:
135:
112:
98:
75:
46:
28:
21:
2790:Perry Clement Talkingten
2635:William Claire Menninger
2047:When men become Monsters
1429:"Scottish Championships"
1139:"Presidents of the APPA"
1014:
868:Allan Memorial Institute
701:transmitted to the genes
504:Allan Memorial Institute
480:. With a grant from the
395:Worcester State Hospital
274:and torture techniques,
203:8 September 1967) was a
2565:Charles Macfie Campbell
1957:"The Sleep Room (1998)"
1828:Collins, Anne (1998) .
1697:"MKUltra Subproject 68"
1229:Lemov, Rebecca (2011).
1072:British Medical Journal
779:Dangerous Men and Women
715:Cameron and the Germans
571:Cameron next published
3185:Mind control theorists
3160:American psychiatrists
2629:Winfred Overholser Sr.
2428:Edward Nathaniel Brush
2191:Thomas Story Kirkbride
2161:Samuel Bayard Woodward
1382:10.1192/bjp.72.297.304
1085:10.1136/bmj.3.5568.803
1023:on September 8, 1967.
862:every week to work at
732:
665:in favour of a social
482:Rockefeller Foundation
445:descriptive psychiatry
422:Albany Medical College
342:Johns Hopkins Hospital
305:, the oldest son of a
169:Albany Medical College
2482:William Alanson White
2476:Thomas William Salmon
2446:Elmer Ernest Southard
2305:Richard Maurice Bucke
825:MKULTRA Subproject 68
804:The last type is the
718:
602:behavioral scientists
486:John Wilson McConnell
389:In 1936, he moved to
311:University of Glasgow
293:Early life and career
283:behavior modification
2980:Daniel B. Borenstein
2802:John Patrick Spiegel
2754:Harvey John Tompkins
2694:Francis J. Braceland
2611:Edward Adam Strecker
2577:Richard H. Hutchings
2571:Ross McClure Chapman
2464:Albert Moore Barrett
2299:Theophilus O. Powell
1907:– via all.net.
1890:Taylor, Sid (1992).
1254:10.1162/GREY_a_00050
1021:Adirondack Mountains
900:postnatal depression
872:Montreal experiments
742:in general. Just as
519:the practice of the
512:social psychiatrists
412:In 1938 he moved to
361:University of Zurich
315:University of London
2772:Raymond W. Waggoner
2730:C. H. Hardin Branch
2688:R. Finley Gayle Jr.
2670:Donald Ewen Cameron
2641:George S. Stevenson
2589:George H. Stevenson
2386:Arthur F. Kilbourne
2380:Charles P. Bancroft
1735:The Washington Post
1573:Father, Son and CIA
1441:on 2 December 2012.
1405:Father, Son and CIA
1177:on 24 December 2010
981:states in her book
973:House of Parliament
476:by neurosurgeon Dr
219:techniques for the
195:24 December 1901 –
185:Donald Ewen Cameron
23:Donald Ewen Cameron
3165:American torturers
3112:Rebecca W. Brendel
3040:Carol A. Bernstein
3034:Alan F. Schatzberg
3022:Carolyn Robinowitz
2986:Richard K. Harding
2861:H. Keith H. Brodie
2855:Daniel X. Freedman
2849:Donald G. Langsley
2837:Jules H. Masserman
2682:Arthur Percy Noyes
2623:Samuel W. Hamilton
2559:Clarence O. Cheney
2535:William L. Russell
2398:Charles W. Pilgrim
2167:William Maclay Awl
2068:. 5 January 2006.
2034:Metropolitan Books
2030:The Shock Doctrine
2014:Metropolitan Books
2010:The Shock Doctrine
1624:Life is for Living
1533:Fraenkel, Heinrich
1497:Anonymous (1946).
1145:on 5 November 2018
1067:"Obituary Notices"
1033:Andrei Snezhnevsky
992:." She then cites
984:The Shock Doctrine
736:Life is For Living
734:In Cameron's book
728:Life is For Living
531:In 1945, Cameron,
420:and psychiatry at
248:child sexual abuse
3127:
3126:
3094:Bruce J. Schwartz
3058:Jeffrey Lieberman
3010:Steven Sharfstein
2998:Marcia Kraft Goin
2992:Paul S. Appelbaum
2939:Mary Jane England
2921:Joseph T. English
2915:Lawrence Hartmann
2909:Elissa P. Benedek
2891:George H. Pollock
2664:Leo H. Bartemeier
2658:John C. Whitehorn
2605:Arthur H. Ruggles
2595:H. Douglas Singer
2529:Walter M. English
2499:C. Floyd Haviland
2470:Henry W. Mitchell
2434:Charles G. Wagner
2392:William F. Drewry
2340:Robert J. Preston
1537:Hess: A Biography
923:sensory isolation
874:. In addition to
648:social psychiatry
594:Manhattan project
533:Nolan D. C. Lewis
470:McGill University
407:scientific method
182:
181:
173:McGill University
145:Scientific career
3227:
3076:Maria A. Oquendo
2957:Rodrigo A. Muñoz
2951:Herbert S. Sacks
2927:John S. McIntyre
2885:Robert O. Pasnau
2825:Robert W. Gibson
2778:Robert S. Garber
2724:Walter E. Barton
2706:Francis J. Gerty
2700:Harry C. Solomon
2676:Kenneth E. Appel
2583:William C. Sandy
2553:C. Fred Williams
2362:T. J. W. Burgess
2350:G. Adler Bloomer
2346:A. B. Richardson
2317:Joseph G. Rogers
2311:Henry Mills Hurd
2185:Andrew McFarland
2173:Luther Vose Bell
2136:
2129:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2106:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2056:
2050:
2043:
2037:
2023:
2017:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1932:
1926:
1925:(Mar. 11, 1980).
1922:The Fifth Estate
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1864:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1834:Key Porter Books
1825:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1806:. Archived from
1799:
1793:
1763:
1757:
1756:(Jan. 21, 1984).
1753:Montreal Gazette
1746:
1740:
1739:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1701:
1689:
1683:
1657:
1651:
1648:
1637:
1636:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1559:Paul Weindling.
1557:
1551:
1550:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1346:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1235:
1226:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1203:. Archived from
1193:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1176:
1169:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1063:
1005:Eminent Monsters
957:in 1998, called
939:The Fifth Estate
730:
537:Nuremberg trials
527:Nuremberg trials
494:, and a gift of
447:and applied the
414:Albany, New York
264:informed consent
250:, administering
202:
200:
194:
192:
129:
127:
82:
79:8 September 1967
57:24 December 1901
56:
54:
41:
38:
33:
19:
18:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3210:Project MKUltra
3130:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:Petros Levounis
3064:Paul Summergrad
2968:
2933:Jerry M. Wiener
2873:John A. Talbott
2807:
2796:Alfred Freedman
2760:Henry W. Brosin
2718:Robert H. Felix
2712:William Malamud
2646:
2599:James King Hall
2547:George H. Kirby
2541:James Vance May
2505:George M. Kline
2487:
2440:James V. Anglin
2422:Samuel E. Smith
2410:James T. Searcy
2374:Charles G. Hill
2356:A. E. Macdonald
2322:
2215:J. H. Callender
2203:Charles Nichols
2149:
2140:
2110:
2103:
2089:
2085:
2075:
2073:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2044:
2040:
2024:
2020:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1933:
1929:
1916:
1912:
1902:
1900:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1826:
1822:
1813:
1811:
1800:
1796:
1764:
1760:
1747:
1743:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1710:
1699:
1690:
1686:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1640:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1598:
1594:
1583:
1579:
1571:
1567:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1526:
1522:
1495:
1491:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1464:
1450:
1446:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1415:
1401:
1397:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1329:(16): 984–986.
1313:
1309:
1302:
1281:
1277:
1266:
1264:
1233:
1227:
1220:
1210:
1208:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1048:Sidney Gottlieb
1029:
1017:
994:Alfred W. McCoy
931:electromagnetic
912:William Sargant
892:psychic driving
833:
831:Project MKUltra
827:
760:
731:
725:
717:
683:
622:
529:
478:Wilder Penfield
326:David Henderson
299:Bridge of Allan
295:
287:psychic driving
268:Project MKUltra
244:experimentation
217:medical torture
198:
196:
190:
188:
131:
128: 1933)
123:
119:
118:Jean C. Rankine
94:
84:
80:
71:
61:Bridge of Allan
58:
52:
50:
42:
39:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3233:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3115:
3109:
3103:
3100:Jeffery Geller
3097:
3091:
3085:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3055:
3052:Dilip V. Jeste
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2879:Carol Nadelson
2876:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2840:
2834:
2828:
2822:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2784:Ewald W. Busse
2781:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2751:
2748:Howard P. Rome
2745:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2617:Karl M. Bowman
2614:
2608:
2602:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2556:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2452:Henry C. Eyman
2449:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2371:
2365:
2359:
2353:
2343:
2337:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2266:
2260:
2254:
2251:John B. Chapin
2248:
2245:Eugene Grissom
2242:
2239:H. A. Buttolph
2236:
2233:Orpheus Everts
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2209:Clement Walker
2206:
2200:
2197:John S. Butler
2194:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2116:
2109:
2108:
2101:
2083:
2051:
2038:
2018:
1998:
1992:978-0880483636
1991:
1973:
1948:
1927:
1910:
1882:
1875:
1849:
1842:
1820:
1794:
1790:978-0812907735
1766:Marks, John D.
1758:
1741:
1720:
1684:
1680:978-0812907735
1660:Marks, John D.
1652:
1638:
1613:
1604:
1592:
1577:
1565:
1552:
1545:
1529:Manvell, Roger
1520:
1489:
1469:
1462:
1444:
1420:
1413:
1395:
1358:
1307:
1300:
1286:(1988-08-01).
1275:
1218:
1207:on 19 May 2015
1188:
1156:
1130:
1108:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1035:
1028:
1025:
1016:
1013:
998:Donald O. Hebb
969:Svend Robinson
960:The Sleep Room
882:drugs such as
858:, New York to
829:Main article:
826:
823:
814:
813:
802:
793:
790:
759:
756:
744:Sigrid Schultz
723:
716:
713:
682:
679:
667:constructivist
621:
618:
598:atomic weapons
556:German culture
528:
525:
508:psychoanalysts
498:'s mansion on
496:Sir Hugh Allan
428:, also in the
294:
291:
180:
179:
176:
175:
166:
162:
161:
152:
148:
147:
141:
140:
137:
133:
132:
121:
117:
116:
114:
110:
109:
100:
96:
95:
85:
83:(aged 65)
77:
73:
72:
59:
48:
44:
43:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3232:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3106:Vivian Pender
3104:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3088:Altha Stewart
3086:
3083:
3082:Anita Everett
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3028:Nada Stotland
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3004:Michelle Riba
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2867:George Tarjan
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2843:Alan A. Stone
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2831:Jack Weinberg
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2766:Lawrence Kolb
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2736:Jack R. Ewalt
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2334:Peter M. Wise
2332:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2293:Richard Dewey
2291:
2288:
2287:Edward Cowles
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2275:J. B. Andrews
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2263:H. P. Stearns
2261:
2258:
2257:W. W. Godding
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2137:
2132:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2104:
2098:
2095:. Zed Books.
2094:
2087:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2055:
2048:
2042:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1994:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1936:Collins, Anne
1931:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1886:
1878:
1876:9780312303563
1872:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1853:
1845:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1824:
1810:on 2021-09-02
1809:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1724:
1709:
1705:
1698:
1694:
1688:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1617:
1608:
1602:
1596:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1569:
1562:
1556:
1548:
1546:0-261-63246-9
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1493:
1485:
1480:
1473:
1465:
1463:9782980096341
1459:
1455:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1416:
1414:9780887801594
1410:
1406:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1376:: 304. 1926.
1375:
1371:
1370:
1362:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1311:
1303:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1284:Gordon Thomas
1279:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1223:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1173:
1166:
1160:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1118:
1112:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1058:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
986:
985:
980:
976:
974:
970:
966:
962:
961:
956:
952:
948:
945:In her book,
944:
941:
940:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
852:schizophrenia
848:
845:
842:
838:
832:
822:
818:
811:
807:
803:
799:
794:
791:
788:
784:
783:
782:
780:
775:
773:
769:
765:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
729:
722:
712:
711:experiments.
710:
706:
702:
698:
692:
689:
678:
676:
670:
668:
664:
661:
656:
654:
649:
644:
642:
641:schizophrenia
638:
634:
630:
627:
617:
615:
611:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
581:
578:
574:
569:
567:
562:
561:authoritarian
557:
553:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
524:
522:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:
491:Montreal Star
487:
484:, money from
483:
479:
475:
471:
466:
464:
459:
454:
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:, and at the
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Massachusetts
387:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
369:A. T. Mathers
366:
365:Eugen Bleuler
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
338:Phipps Clinic
335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
290:
288:
284:
280:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
240:
239:(1961–1966).
238:
234:
231:(1958–1959),
230:
227:(1952–1953),
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:psychological
210:
206:
186:
177:
174:
170:
167:
163:
160:
156:
153:
149:
146:
142:
138:
134:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101:
97:
92:
88:
78:
74:
70:
66:
65:Stirlingshire
62:
49:
45:
32:
27:
20:
3070:Renée Binder
2963:Allan Tasman
2897:Paul J. Fink
2742:Daniel Blain
2669:
2523:Earl D. Bond
2517:Samuel Orton
2269:Daniel Clark
2221:John P. Gray
2092:
2086:
2074:. Retrieved
2065:The Scotsman
2063:
2054:
2046:
2041:
2032:. New York:
2029:
2026:Klein, Naomi
2021:
2012:. New York:
2009:
2006:Klein, Naomi
2001:
1982:
1976:
1964:. Retrieved
1951:
1939:
1930:
1920:
1913:
1901:. Retrieved
1895:
1885:
1860:
1852:
1829:
1823:
1812:. Retrieved
1808:the original
1797:
1772:. New York:
1761:
1751:
1744:
1733:
1723:
1711:. Retrieved
1687:
1666:. New York:
1655:
1623:
1616:
1607:
1595:
1586:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1560:
1555:
1536:
1523:
1506:
1502:
1492:
1483:
1472:
1453:
1447:
1439:the original
1432:
1423:
1404:
1398:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1326:
1320:
1310:
1292:Bantam Press
1287:
1278:
1265:. Retrieved
1241:
1237:
1209:. Retrieved
1205:the original
1191:
1179:. Retrieved
1172:the original
1159:
1147:. Retrieved
1143:the original
1133:
1121:. Retrieved
1111:
1076:
1070:
1061:
1038:Aziz al-Abub
1018:
1009:
1004:
1002:
982:
977:
965:Ed Broadbent
958:
955:Anne Wheeler
951:Anne Collins
946:
937:
935:
916:
904:incontinence
849:
844:mind control
834:
819:
815:
778:
776:
761:
747:
735:
733:
727:
719:
693:
684:
671:
657:
645:
625:
623:
610:mentally ill
606:
582:
572:
570:
551:
549:
544:
530:
521:day hospital
489:
467:
442:
411:
398:
388:
381:
354:
319:
307:Presbyterian
296:
276:psychoactive
272:mind control
241:
209:psychiatrist
184:
183:
165:Institutions
159:mind control
144:
81:(1967-09-08)
3145:1967 deaths
3140:1901 births
3120:(2023–2024)
3114:(2022–2023)
3108:(2021–2022)
3102:(2020–2021)
3096:(2019–2020)
3090:(2018–2019)
3084:(2017–2018)
3078:(2016–2017)
3072:(2015–2016)
3066:(2014–2015)
3060:(2013–2014)
3054:(2012–2013)
3048:(2011–2012)
3046:John Oldham
3042:(2010–2011)
3036:(2009–2010)
3030:(2008–2009)
3024:(2007–2008)
3018:(2006–2007)
3012:(2005–2006)
3006:(2004–2005)
3000:(2003–2004)
2994:(2002–2003)
2988:(2001–2002)
2982:(2000–2001)
2965:(1999–2000)
2959:(1998–1999)
2953:(1997–1998)
2947:(1996–1997)
2945:Harold Eist
2941:(1995–1996)
2935:(1994–1995)
2929:(1993–1994)
2923:(1992–1993)
2917:(1991–1992)
2911:(1990–1991)
2905:(1989–1990)
2903:Herb Pardes
2899:(1988–1989)
2893:(1987–1988)
2887:(1986–1987)
2881:(1985–1986)
2875:(1984–1985)
2869:(1983–1984)
2863:(1982–1983)
2857:(1981–1982)
2851:(1980–1981)
2845:(1979–1980)
2839:(1978–1979)
2833:(1977–1978)
2827:(1976–1977)
2821:(1975–1976)
2819:Judd Marmor
2804:(1974–1975)
2798:(1973–1974)
2792:(1972–1973)
2786:(1971–1972)
2780:(1970–1971)
2774:(1969–1970)
2768:(1968–1969)
2762:(1967–1968)
2756:(1966–1967)
2750:(1965–1966)
2744:(1964–1965)
2738:(1963–1964)
2732:(1962–1963)
2726:(1961–1962)
2720:(1960–1961)
2714:(1959–1960)
2708:(1958–1959)
2702:(1957–1958)
2696:(1956–1957)
2690:(1955–1956)
2684:(1954–1955)
2678:(1953–1954)
2672:(1952–1953)
2666:(1951–1952)
2660:(1950–1951)
2643:(1949–1950)
2637:(1948–1949)
2631:(1947–1948)
2625:(1946–1947)
2619:(1944–1946)
2613:(1943–1944)
2607:(1942–1943)
2601:(1941–1942)
2591:(1940–1941)
2585:(1939–1940)
2579:(1938–1939)
2573:(1937–1938)
2567:(1936–1937)
2561:(1935–1936)
2555:(1934–1935)
2549:(1933–1934)
2543:(1932–1933)
2537:(1931–1932)
2531:(1930–1931)
2525:(1929–1930)
2519:(1928–1929)
2513:(1927–1928)
2511:Adolf Meyer
2507:(1926–1927)
2501:(1925–1926)
2484:(1924–1925)
2478:(1923–1924)
2472:(1922–1923)
2466:(1921–1922)
2460:(1920–1921)
2454:(1919–1920)
2448:(1918–1919)
2442:(1917–1918)
2436:(1916–1917)
2430:(1915–1916)
2424:(1914–1915)
2418:(1913–1914)
2412:(1912–1913)
2406:(1911–1912)
2404:Hubert Work
2400:(1910–1911)
2394:(1909–1910)
2388:(1908–1909)
2382:(1907–1908)
2376:(1906–1907)
2370:(1905–1906)
2364:(1904–1905)
2358:(1903–1904)
2352:(1902–1903)
2342:(1901–1902)
2336:(1900–1901)
2319:(1899–1900)
2313:(1898–1899)
2307:(1897–1898)
2301:(1896–1897)
2295:(1895–1896)
2289:(1894–1895)
2283:(1893–1894)
2281:John Curwen
2277:(1892–1893)
2271:(1891–1892)
2265:(1890–1891)
2259:(1889–1890)
2253:(1888–1889)
2247:(1887–1888)
2241:(1886–1887)
2235:(1885–1886)
2229:(1884–1885)
2227:Pliny Earle
2223:(1883–1884)
2217:(1882–1883)
2211:(1879–1882)
2205:(1873–1879)
2199:(1870–1873)
2193:(1862–1870)
2187:(1859–1862)
2181:(1855–1859)
2175:(1851–1855)
2169:(1848–1851)
2163:(1844–1848)
1918:"MK Ultra."
1832:. Toronto:
1778:pp. 140–150
1774:Times Books
1668:Times Books
1587:Remembering
1509:(12): 790.
979:Naomi Klein
856:Lake Placid
801:authority".
766:to chronic
740:German race
663:unconscious
626:Remembering
541:Rudolf Hess
500:Mount Royal
330:Adolf Meyer
99:Nationality
87:Lake Placid
40: 1967
3134:Categories
3016:Pedro Ruiz
2368:C. B. Burr
2143:Presidents
2102:1856491048
1966:10 October
1903:August 24,
1843:1550139320
1814:2007-09-09
1786:0812907736
1713:August 24,
1676:0812907736
1301:0593011422
1211:10 October
1181:10 October
1149:10 October
1123:10 October
1054:References
896:tape loops
806:psychopath
798:conformity
752:archetypal
746:stated in
697:rock music
637:depression
516:biologists
357:Burghölzli
199:1967-09-08
191:1901-12-24
155:Psychiatry
53:1901-12-24
2812:1975–2000
2651:1950–1975
2492:1925–1950
2458:Owen Copp
2327:1900–1925
2179:Isaac Ray
2154:1844–1900
1434:The Argus
1390:0368-315X
1335:0820-3946
1248:: 61–87.
1246:MIT Press
1238:Grey Room
1093:0959-8138
1042:Hezbollah
949:, author
880:paralytic
764:contagion
577:Great War
463:psychosis
458:syndromes
418:neurology
346:Baltimore
35:Cameron,
2070:Archived
2036:, p. 41.
2028:(2007).
2016:, p. 39.
2008:(2007).
1938:(1988),
1768:(1979).
1662:(1979).
1535:(1971).
1262:57560528
1027:See also
860:Montreal
774:people.
724:—
675:neurosis
660:Freudian
653:syphilis
586:American
566:the West
474:Montreal
453:European
403:organism
384:lecturer
373:Manitoba
350:Maryland
303:Scotland
205:Scottish
136:Children
107:American
103:Scottish
91:New York
69:Scotland
2145:of the
1633:9321971
1353:4861213
1344:1923436
1267:6 March
1102:1843238
990:torture
908:amnesia
841:MKUltra
810:Gestapo
768:anxiety
709:MKDELTA
705:MKULTRA
488:of the
449:British
438:anatomy
434:organic
377:Brandon
336:at the
279:poisons
130:
122:
2099:
2076:2 July
1989:
1873:
1840:
1784:
1674:
1631:
1543:
1460:
1411:
1388:
1351:
1341:
1333:
1298:
1260:
1244:(45).
1099:
1091:
919:curare
884:curare
864:McGill
787:Munich
772:German
688:taboos
502:, the
430:Albany
281:, and
256:curare
207:-born
151:Fields
113:Spouse
93:, U.S.
2973:2000–
1897:Nexus
1700:(PDF)
1258:S2CID
1234:(PDF)
1175:(PDF)
1168:(PDF)
1015:Death
334:Meyer
124:(
120:
2097:ISBN
2078:2024
1987:ISBN
1968:2016
1961:IMDb
1905:2016
1871:ISBN
1869:–1.
1838:ISBN
1782:ISBN
1715:2016
1672:ISBN
1629:OCLC
1541:ISBN
1484:Time
1458:ISBN
1409:ISBN
1386:ISSN
1349:PMID
1331:ISSN
1296:ISBN
1273:>
1269:2021
1213:2016
1183:2016
1151:2016
1125:2016
1089:ISSN
967:and
929:and
886:and
707:and
639:and
608:The
588:and
514:and
451:and
215:and
76:Died
47:Born
1867:170
1693:CIA
1511:doi
1507:130
1378:doi
1339:PMC
1250:doi
1097:PMC
1081:doi
876:LSD
866:'s
839:'s
633:RNA
472:in
344:in
3136::
2062:.
1959:.
1942:,
1894:.
1788:,
1780:.
1776:.
1732:.
1706:,
1702:.
1695:.
1678:,
1670:.
1641:^
1627:.
1601:90
1531:;
1505:.
1501:.
1482:.
1431:.
1384:.
1374:72
1372:.
1347:.
1337:.
1327:97
1325:.
1319:.
1294:.
1290:.
1256:.
1242:45
1240:.
1236:.
1221:^
1199:.
1095:.
1087:.
1075:.
1069:.
975:.
927:RF
906:,
812:".
677:.
643:.
616:.
510:,
465:.
409:.
371:,
348:,
340:,
301:,
171:,
157:,
126:m.
89:,
67:,
63:,
37:c.
2597:/
2348:/
2135:e
2128:t
2121:v
2105:.
2080:.
1995:.
1970:.
1879:.
1846:.
1817:.
1792:.
1738:.
1717:.
1682:.
1635:.
1549:.
1517:.
1513::
1466:.
1417:.
1392:.
1380::
1355:.
1304:.
1271:.
1252::
1215:.
1185:.
1153:.
1127:.
1105:.
1083::
1077:3
201:)
197:(
193:)
189:(
187:(
139:4
105:-
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
