1246:
distribute private goods to the winning coalition (people who are necessary for its reign) in order to stay in power. Giving the winning coalition private goods also prevents civil conflict. They also use the education system to teach and uphold compliance. The recruiting, disciplining, and training of teachers allow for authoritarian governments to control teachers into following their objective: to foster compliance from the youth. Another way that they maintain control is through hosting elections. Even though they would not be fair elections, hosting them allows citizens to feel that they have some control and a political outlet. They can also enhance rule within their own state through international collaboration, by supporting and gaining the support, especially economic support, of other similar governments.
6394:
1096:(ANC), argues that "the dominant party 'system' is deeply flawed as a mode of analysis and lacks explanatory capacity. But it is also a very conservative approach to politics. Its fundamental political assumptions are restricted to one form of democracy, namely electoral politics, and display hostility towards popular politics. This is manifest in the obsession with the quality of electoral opposition, and its sidelining or ignoring of popular political activity organised in other ways. The assumption in this approach is that other forms of organisation and opposition are of limited importance or a separate matter from the consolidation of their version of democracy."
7315:
6961:
7197:
5751:
8125:
6364:
6334:
1971:
7342:
2255:
6999:
9012:
8569:
5875:
5835:
5775:
3609:
3562:
2442:
8145:
5415:
8662:
7414:
5439:
3880:
8360:
6256:
2196:
6543:
6526:
6509:
6488:
6802:'s responsibility to ensure that no one party remain too long in government, usually by disbanding Parliament and calling for new elections. The republic's constitution added no such proviso, and the Portuguese Republican Party was able to keep the other minor republican parties (monarchic parties had been declared illegal) from winning elections. On the rare occasions when it was ousted from power, it was overthrown by force, and it was again by the means of a counter-coup that it returned to power, until its final fall, with the republic itself, in 1926.
5395:
1104:, dominant-party systems can occur within a context of a democratic system as well as an authoritarian one. In a one-party system other parties are banned, but in dominant-party systems other political parties are tolerated, and (in democratic dominant-party systems) operate without overt legal impediment, but do not have a realistic chance of winning; the dominant party genuinely wins the votes of the vast majority of voters every time (or, in authoritarian systems, claims to). Under authoritarian dominant-party systems, which may be referred to as "
8776:
7037:
1428:
2654:
8946:
4125:
4504:
5855:
5815:
3652:
3519:
8821:
6185:
5158:
7963:
6209:
3751:
2847:
7482:
4467:
4753:
8481:
7695:
5911:
5334:
4996:
2075:
4430:
4393:
75:
8991:
1511:
7138:
4645:
8900:
8842:
7943:
2909:
4948:
4703:
6233:
6882:
1873:
176:
8893:, allowing them to rule alone without the Liberals, and used the police to suppress dissent and opposition from Labor. The National Party dominance was ended by a corruption inquiry, Bjelke-Petersen was forced to resign in disgrace, and police and politicians were charged with crimes. Since 1989, Labor has held government aside from a National Party government (1996 to 1998) and Liberal-National Party government (2012 to 2015) (28 years of Labor government out of 33 years).
8461:
6829:
6614:
5795:
3476:
8669:
8641:
8312:
3172:
2689:
2280:
9039:
5182:
5044:
4000:
1773:
929:
7759:
5310:
2672:
8863:
8621:
8099:
7366:
6718:
5092:
3309:
3229:
3128:
2927:
2242:
8429:
6634:
4294:
1595:
2222:
8192:
5275:
4599:
2959:
2369:
7667:
6930:
6296:
5664:
5361:
5231:
3036:
2641:
2476:
5016:
2109:
8925:
8083:
7891:
7803:
7442:
7224:
5961:
5620:
5255:
2887:
2771:
2758:
2552:
2416:
2306:
2023:
1554:
1468:
1314:
8713:
8216:
6774:
6275:
5935:
5539:
4219:
3919:
1823:
1388:
6061:
4825:
8729:
8541:
8521:
8340:
7919:
6429:
6318:
5981:
5699:
5571:
5459:
5068:
4769:
4586:
4232:
4112:
3819:
2869:
2152:
1694:
1354:
8601:
8283:
6133:
6037:
5727:
5640:
4547:
3958:
3697:
3463:
3266:
1638:
7723:
7090:
6698:
5595:
4334:
4060:
3408:
8749:
8019:
6742:
5891:
4887:
3788:
2817:
2343:
1913:
1730:
1263:
6594:
6577:
6560:
9059:
8693:
8039:
7983:
7871:
7847:
8501:
8401:
8252:
6666:
5507:
4663:
3084:
6161:
3738:
114:
34:
8381:
7061:
5487:
4169:
2183:
6085:
3348:
6457:
3867:
7537:
6867:
4380:
2716:
2598:
1138:. The reasons why a dominant-party system may form in such a country are often debated: supporters of the dominant party tend to argue that their party is simply doing a good job in government and the opposition continuously proposes unrealistic or unpopular changes, while supporters of the opposition tend to argue that the electoral system disfavors them (for example because it is based on the principle of
3772:(since 2018); In power since 1946, with a sole hiatus from 1954 to 1957. From 1966 to 2003 and 2013 to 2018, CSU ruled with an absolute majority. Its share of votes peaked in 1974 at 62%. From 2003 to 2008, CSU held a two-thirds supermajority in the Bavarian Landtag. Since the 2010s, the CSU's dominance has somewhat eroded (31.7% in the
1142:), or that the dominant party receives a disproportionate amount of funding from various sources and is therefore able to mount more persuasive campaigns. In states with ethnic issues, one party may be seen as being the party for an ethnicity or race with the party for the majority ethnic, racial or religious group dominating, e.g., the
6651:, governed Luxembourg continuously from 1915 to 2013, except for 1974–1979. However, Luxembourg has a coalition system, and the CSV has been in coalition with at least one of the other two leading parties for all but four years. It has always won a plurality of seats in parliamentary elections, although it lost the popular vote
3780:), but it is still considered impossible to form a government led by another party in Bavaria. Even before 1946, Bavaria was already a dominant party system before the Third Reich dominated by the Bavarian People's Party (1918-1933), the Bavarian Centrist Party (1887-1918) and the Bavarian Patriot Party (1869-1887).
7078:, 1939–1945 at the head of a government of national unity), 1976–1982 and 1991–1994. The party is still the largest party in Sweden and has been so in every general election since 1917 (hence the largest party even before the universal suffrage was introduced in 1921). The former prime minister and party leader
1228:
from 1971 to 2015. On the other hand, where the dominant party rules nationally on a genuinely democratic basis, the opposition may be strong in one or more subnational areas, possibly even constituting a dominant party locally; an example is South Africa, where although the
African National Congress
1112:
parties are legally allowed to operate, but are too weak or ineffective to seriously challenge power, perhaps through various forms of corruption, constitutional quirks that intentionally undermine the ability for an effective opposition to thrive, institutional and/or organizational conventions that
1044:
It is believed that a system with a dominant party can be either authoritarian or democratic. However, since there is no consensus in the global political science community on a set of mandatory features of democracy (for example, there is a point of view according to which the absence of alternation
1012:
one-party state" is used to describe dominant-party systems which, unlike a one-party system, allows (at least nominally) democratic multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power, thus resembling a one-party state.
1099:
One of the dangers of dominant parties is "the tendency of dominant parties to conflate party and state and to appoint party officials to senior positions irrespective of their having the required qualities." However, in some countries this is common practice even when there is no dominant party. In
1041:) as dominant parties on the basis that these parties have long held the majority of seats in parliament (although they do not directly form the government or appoint officials to government positions). In Russian political science literature, such associations are often called "parties of power".
1245:
In dominant-party governments, they use institutional channels, rather than repression, to influence the population. Coercive distribution can control citizens and economic elites through land reform, poverty alleviation, public health, housing, education, and employment programs. Further, they
9368:
The
Republicans had come to see themselves as the natural governing party of the United States. Leaving aside the Cleveland and Wilson accidents, they had been in power since Grant's day. If Republican delegates declared an uncharismatic Hoover worthy of the presidency, voters were unlikely to
3801:(CDU): In power since the establishment of the state in 1990. CDU ruled with an absolute majority until 2004, and even a two-thirds supermajority in the Landtag from 1994 to 2004. Its popularity peaked at 56.9% in the 1999 election. In the 2010s, CDU's dominance eroded significantly. In the
1129:
keeps the opposition from power. However, some dominant-party systems occur, at least temporarily, in countries that are widely seen, both by their citizens and outside observers, to be textbook examples of democracy. An example of a genuine democratic dominant-party system would be the
6288:
ruled from the return of the Saar to (West) Germany in 1959 to 1980. In the
Landtag elections, the CDU reached between 36.6% in 1955 and 49.1% in 1975; the CDU also dominated federal elections (except in 1972), and in the 1979 European Parliament election, the CDU/CSU won
6202:(except in Württemberg-Baden for 1950–1952), but is still the biggest party at the German federal elections and European Parliament elections. In the predecessor state of Baden, the Centre Party was the biggest party during the Weimar era until 1930.
7082:
led the
Swedish government for an uninterrupted tenure of 23 years (1946–1969), the longest in any democracy so far. Since 2006, the party support has declined, but in 2014, it returned to government, although its centre-left coalition had no
8984:) held power with and without a coalition from 1932 to 1945 (13 years) and 1947 to 1952 (5 years). The Liberal Party then held power from 1955 to 1982 (27 years). In total, centre-right governments ruled 71 out of 80 years from 1902 to 1982.
10205:
1120:
In some states opposition parties are subject to varying degrees of official harassment and most often deal with restrictions on free speech (such as press laws), lawsuits against the opposition, and rules or electoral systems (such as
4841:(known colloquially as the Ontario PC Party or simply as the "Tories") enjoyed a 43-year unbroken stretch as the party that formed the provincial government from 1943 to 1985. The party in particular was at its most powerful under the
978:, is a political occurrence in which a single political party continuously dominates election results over running opposition groups or parties. Any ruling party staying in power for more than one consecutive term may be considered a
3709:
has won the last five parliamentary elections in
Estonia since 2007. They have held the prime minister's position from 2002 to 2003, from 2005 to 2016 and from 2021 onwards. In power since 1999, with a hiatus from 2016 to 2021.
7107:(CHP) was the major political organisation of the single-party state. However, the CHP faced two opposition parties during this period, both established upon the request of the founder of the Republic of Turkey and CHP leader,
1032:
In political literature, more than 130 dominant party systems between 1950 and 2017 were included in a list by A. A. Ostroverkhov. For example, in the post-Soviet states, researchers classify parties such as United Russia and
1000:
parties, and their domination of a state, develop out of one-sided electoral and party constellations within a multi-party system (particularly under presidential systems of governance), and as such differ from states under a
1364:
1297:: dos Santos (MPLA-PT) won 49.6% of the vote. As this was not an absolute majority, a runoff against Jonas Savimbi (40.1%) was required, but did not take place. Dos Santos remained in office without democratic legitimacy.
4456:
4493:
4419:
6987:
4573:
4530:
4040:
2434:, 1880–1904 and 1948–2008, and 2014 to the present day. They were the sole legal party from 1947 to 1962. They currently (as of 2024) control the executive and both chambers of Congress.
4046:
10000:
7880:: Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2008, defeated in 2008 election. Regained power in the 2013 state elections, but defeated again in the
10222:
4034:
1300:
New constitution, 2010: popular election of president abolished in favour of a rule that the top candidate of the most voted party in parliamentary elections becomes president.
8491:
1343:
1073:
systems can result in large majorities for a party with a lower percentage of the vote than in proportional representation systems due to a fractured opposition (resulting in
8939:
held power from 1934 to 1969 and from 1972 to 1982 (45 out of 48 years), from 1989 to 1992, and from 1998 to 2014 (16 years) – in total 64 out of 80 years from 1934 to 2014.
9023:
3809:. Due to the irreconcilability of left-wing and right-wing opposition parties, it is still considered impossible to form a state government led by another party than CDU.
8471:
8108:: Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2018, with exception to 1959–1961 and 1999–2004, when the state government were controlled by
7976:, defeated in 2008 election. Gerakan as a single party also won state election in 1969, winning it from BN predecessor Perikatan, who held power in the state from 1955.
4196:
1192:
are often dominated by one party due to the area's demographic being on one end of the spectrum or espousing a unique local identity. For example, the current elected
9441:
Isaacs, R.; Whitmore, S. (2013). "The
Limited Agency and Life-Cycles of Personalized Dominant Parties in Post-Soviet Space: The Case of United Russia and Nur Otan".
5295:
held effective control from the 1930s to 1979. It was never the sole legal party, but elections were often fraught with accusations of fraud and improbable results.
9002:
8330:
6110:(centre-left), were the biggest parties in over half of the presidential elections, until both parties lost dominance in France since 2017, as centrist politician
8802:
held power for 20 out of the 26 years between 1996 and 2022. Overall from 1949 to 2022, the
Liberal Party held power for 52 out of 73 years. The longest-serving
8911:
10591:
8443:
7996:, and won the 2013 Perak state election. BN would lose the Perak government again after defeat in the 2018 state election, but regained power in the wake of
2033:
7952:: Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2018, defeated in 2018 election. Currently BN is in a government coalition led by
3730:
since 2005, having won a majority of the city council seats there four consecutive times. In 2021, they received 38 out of 79 seats and formed a coalition.
2003:
1568:
6955:, with parliamentary absolute majority or in coalition with other smaller parties. The party later governed again from 2010 until its dissolution in 2015.
8171:
7359:
was the only legal political party from 1978 until 1987 when other parties were allowed while the PDPA remained the dominant political party until 1992.
4903:(PRI) and its predecessors Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR) (1929–1938) and Partido de la Revolución Mexicana (PRM) (1938–1946) in Mexico held the
10054:
1084:
Critics of the "dominant party" theory argue that it views the meaning of democracy as given, and that it assumes that only a particular conception of
10523:
8856:
held power from 1941 to 1965 (24 years), and from 1976 to 1988 and 1995 to 2011 (28 out of 35 years) – in total 52 out of 70 years from 1941 to 2011.
8371:
7737:
3098:
1451:
9476:
9408:
8915:
8882:
7301:
7281:
7261:
7253:
4257:
1457:
9713:"'Just keep silent'. Teaching under the control of authoritarian governments: A qualitative study of government schools in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"
8981:
8853:
4782:
2094:
7399:
was the dominant party between 1986 and 1990. Bangladesh Awami League again became the dominant political party in 2008 and ended in 2024 after
5785:
10239:
4245:
1134:
India, which was almost universally viewed by all as being a democratic state, even though the only major national party at that time was the
6798:
in 1910, the electoral system, which had always ensured victory to the party in government, was left unchanged. Before 1910, it had been the
4269:
4081:
2503:
1543:
4797:. At 44 years, this was the longest unbroken run in government for a political party at the provincial or federal level in Canadian history.
8878:
8534:
ruled consecutively from 1878 to 1980, in a de facto one-party state manner, though the country never explicitly banned opposition parties.
7009:
6728:
4312:
since 1951, However it has not consistently formed the government. From 2016 to 2020 it was in opposition. The predecessor of the PDCS the
3856:
3833:
3684:
3635:
3598:
3545:
3502:
1801:
1534:
10135:
8798:) held power federally from 1949 to 1972 and from 1975 to 1983 (31 out of 34 years). After the expiry of the 46th Parliament in 2022, the
10427:
8297:
had governed
Algeria from 1962 to 1992, from 1992 to 1994 (sole legal party 1962 to 1989), and from 1999 to 2019. The current president,
7928:: Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2018, defeated in 2018 election. Regained power in the wake of
7856:: Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1954 to 2018, defeated in 2018 election. Regained power in the wake of
7356:
3393:
3298:
904:
10022:
8969:
8874:
8439:
8092:: Barisan Nasional, in power from 1974 to 2008, defeated in 2008 election. Its predecessor Perikatan also held power from 1955 to 1969.
6851:
4789:
as the
Progressive Conservative Party of Alberta or the Alberta PC Party) formed the provincial government, without interruption, from
4450:
3980:
3902:
3138:
1680:
10541:
10584:
10068:
9220:
8936:
7777:
6855:
5945:
4838:
4146:
8722:: Via Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) from 1961 with TANU name to present in 2024 no any other Political party have ever lead the country.
8167:
4487:
4444:
4152:
2706:
2702:
2379:
1398:
957:
10383:
6199:
2213:
1045:
of power is, in principle, incompatible with democratic norms), it is difficult to separate the two types of one-party dominance.
10008:
9955:
9871:
7424:
6732:
6656:
6652:
5320:
5198:
5115:
is often referred as the hegemonic or dominant party between 1953 and 1983 as it won most elections, it held the majority in the
4096:
3245:
3192:
2663:
1417:
7183:, governed from 1895 to 1905, and from 1935 to 1945, and from 1951 to 1963, and from 1979 to 1997, and lastly from 2010 to 2024.
9382:
8551:
8135:
7785:
7428:
7384:
7273:
7249:
7124:
5761:
5610:
5606:
5212:
5112:
5105:
4719:
4680:
4305:
3769:
3418:
3251:
3069:
2992:
2527:
2272:
1494:
1411:
1225:
1193:
47:
7116:
10506:
10460:
10119:
9911:
9855:
9638:
9549:
9228:
7651:
7618:
7404:
7112:
6306:
6285:
6195:
6171:
5131:
thanks to the entire right-wing opposition nominating a common candidate in coalition. Only after 1983 with the merge of the
4518:
4398:
3896:
3850:
3798:
3023:
2521:
1783:
1521:
1500:
10577:
8262:
7519:
7277:
7047:
6003:
5995:
5717:
4723:
4684:
4609:
4281:
3282:
2295:
1902:
6309:
ruled without interruption until 2014, with an absolute majority from 1999 to 2009. Since 2014, it has been in opposition.
10401:
9479:[In search of a theory of one-party domination: world experience in studying systems with a dominant party (II)]
9411:[In search of a theory of one-party domination: world experience in studying systems with a dominant party (II)]
9005:
held power from 1947 to 1983 with two one-term interruptions between 1953 and 1956 and 1971 to 1974 (30 out of 36 years).
8957:
8559:
8322:
8294:
8230:
7527:
7432:
7128:
6981:
6971:
6268:: The Saarland Christian People's Party held the majority from 1947 to 1955, which was broken by the similar CDU in 1955.
6007:
5682:
5429:
4440:
3805:, Saxony's CDU came in second place for the first time in the history of the state, reaching 26.9%, behind the far-right
3443:
3288:
3202:
2515:
2486:
1896:
1762:
1217:
909:
7909:
7901:
9236:
8302:
8057:
7639:
7606:
7352:
6818:
6644:
6369:
6339:
6178:
and later a unified
Germany from its establishment in 1949 to 1969, and again from 1982 to 1998 and from 2005 to 2021.
5741:
5473:
5116:
5034:
4908:
4524:
4369:
4241:
4209:
3678:
3672:
3641:
3592:
3572:
3551:
3508:
3496:
3433:
3373:
3117:
3094:
3012:
2509:
1756:
1230:
8885:. These were facilitated by a Labor-designed malapportionment that favoured rural districts. The National Party under
10477:
10353:
10035:
The state's first PAN governor, Carlos Medina Plascencia, took office on an interim basis without going to the polls.
9361:
8759:
8411:
7749:
7736:
in Israel was the dominant party from the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 (and before 1944 they won the
7503:
7293:
7289:
7245:
7120:
6920:
6912:
6908:
6379:
6123:
5128:
5124:
5120:
4900:
4323:
4317:
3761:
3387:
3333:
3158:
3111:
3063:
2981:
2575:
1996:
1303:
1209:
222:
157:
61:
7992:: Barisan Nasional, in power from 1974 to 2008, defeated in 2008 election. BN regained power in 2009 as a result of
7074:
in Sweden governed from 1932 to 2006, except for some months in 1936 (1936–1939 and 1951–1957 in coalition with the
6474:
for almost 50 years as the major party in every coalition that governed the country from 1944 until its demise amid
2041:
139:
10991:
9151:
8155:
7993:
7655:
7166:
7025:
6900:
6399:
6383:
5865:
5845:
5825:
5805:
5581:
5009:
in Antigua and Barbuda, 1960–1971 and 1976–2004. They are currently ruling, but may not be yet considered dominant.
4973:
4192:
4135:
4010:
3324:
3182:
3148:
2726:
2630:
2465:
2447:
2396:
2205:
2162:
2054:
1990:
1713:
1627:
1621:
1201:
1066:
914:
9030:
since 2012), previously holding government between 1989 and 1995 (24 years out of 30 years since self-government).
2268:
560:
10676:
8961:
8739:
7997:
7929:
7857:
7833:
7825:
7817:
7514:
in the late 1980s. The Kuomintang continued to dominate the political system until the victory of the opposition
7151:
7071:
6648:
5949:
5925:
5497:
5219:
5168:
4567:
4263:
4087:
2947:) since 2018. PAS also lead the state government as a single party from 1959 to 1961 and as a component party of
2803:) since 1990. PAS also lead the state government as a single party from 1955 to 1973 and as a component party of
2587:
2332:
2137:
2132:
2128:
1862:
1852:
1581:
1377:
6146:
was the dominant political force from its establishment in 1995 to its dissolution and overthrow in 2003 in the
5974:
was the ruling party from 2009 to 2021 (with an exception from 2013 to 2014). It is the biggest Bulgarian party.
5425:
9953:
O'Gorman, Melanie (April 26, 2012). "Why the CCM won't lose: the roots of single-party dominance in Tanzania".
8113:
8049:
7320:
7211:
6624:
6417:
5765:
5674:
5444:
5298:
5241:
4275:
4070:
3935:
3929:
3629:
2969:
2747:
2581:
2354:
2168:
2098:
1807:
1674:
1664:
1478:
1337:
1013:
Dominant-party systems differ from the political dynamics of other dominant multi-party constellations such as
124:
8451:
3806:
10179:
9069:
8965:
8679:
7973:
7709:
7051:
6688:
6680:
6446:
between 1932 and 2011 and in power for 61 of those 79 years. However, the party were heavily defeated in the
6047:
5344:
4965:
4964:
and until the 1990s in non-presidential elections, the South (usually defined as coextensive with the former
4912:
4873:
4865:
4813:
4809:
4794:
4790:
4413:
4359:
4353:
4313:
4020:
3986:
3974:
3944:
3908:
3162:
2124:
1960:
1950:
1883:
1846:
1528:
1294:
1182:
while English-speaking white South Africans tended towards more liberal and reform-oriented parties like the
1171:
1155:
565:
10955:
9203:
9183:
9017:
8511:
8419:
8391:
7622:
7515:
7388:
7104:
6585:
6534:
6143:
5561:
5525:
5385:
5288:
5136:
4692:
4632:
3802:
3777:
3773:
3586:
3539:
3000:
2616:
2086:
1923:
950:
353:
10527:
9262:"In Searching for Theory of One-Party Dominance: World Experience of Studying Dominant-Party Systems (II)"
8972:
then ruled from 1924 to 1927 (3 years), followed by the Nationalist Party from 1928 to 1929 (1 year) in a
4481:
10970:
10950:
10659:
9295:"In Searching for Theory of One-Party Dominance: World Experience of Studying Dominant-Party Systems (I)"
9224:
8803:
8795:
8350:
7905:
7773:
7769:
7589:
7572:
7452:
6847:
6787:
6467:
6447:
5709:
3054:
2562:
1794:
1058:
9492:
9424:
8238:
7391:(BNP) became the dominant political force between 1977 and 1982. Under the autocratic regime of General
7383:
was the country's predominant political party between 1972 and 1975 and from 2009 to present. After the
11001:
10945:
10780:
9155:
8787:
8611:
8234:
8163:
8029:
7933:
6814:
6223:
5737:
5521:
5265:
5172:
5146:
4028:
3666:
3662:
3619:
3529:
3486:
2838:
2231:
896:
197:
84:
53:
8973:
6102:
were a loose ruling political organization. Since the Fifth Republic, the main presidential parties,
5884:: The Salzburger Volkspartei, the ÖVP and their predecessors dominated Salzburg between 1919 and 2004.
4923:
until 1997. As of 2023, the PRI has continued an uninterrupted hold of the governorship in one state:
4849:
from 1971 to 1985; its dominance led the party to be nicknamed "The Big Blue Machine" during this era.
3295:
59.5% (endorsed by GD, GD amended the constitution to abolish popular vote for the presidency by 2024)
2921:
since 2018. Currently lead a government coalition with Barisan Nasional after the 2023 state election.
2903:
since 2008. Currently lead a government coalition with Barisan Nasional after the 2023 state election.
2271:
from 1998 to 2013 and has been again from 2016 onwards, both times almost entirely as a member of the
2012:
The United Nations has designated the Polisario Front to be the sole legitimate representative of the
1284:
11006:
10644:
10569:
9477:"В поисках теории однопартийного господства: мировой опыт изучения систем с доминантной партией (II)"
9409:"В поисках теории однопартийного господства: мировой опыт изучения систем с доминантной партией (II)"
9049:
8703:
8683:
8555:
8265:, In power effectively from 1982 (1982–1990 sole legal party) to 2015, ceded effective control after
8179:
8175:
8073:
8065:
8009:
8001:
7881:
7861:
7829:
7556:
7325:
7013:
6916:
6791:
6756:
6676:
6409:
6107:
5991:
5557:
5374:
5245:
5205:
5054:
4805:
4621:
4557:
4514:
4477:
4344:
4309:
3844:
2863:
since 2008. Currently led a government coalition with Barisan Nasional after the 2023 state election.
2830:
2427:
1709:
1438:
1324:
1183:
1143:
1093:
877:
188:
10914:
10224:
Paths Out of Dixie: The Democratization of Authoritarian Enclaves in America's Deep South, 1944-1972
9969:
9572:
5900:: The Steirische Volkspartei, the ÖVP and their predecessors dominated Styria between 1907 and 2005.
1531:, in office since August 3, 1979: In power since its formation in 1987 (Sole legal party, 1987–1991)
10940:
10812:
9232:
8652:
8365:
8266:
7781:
7643:
7635:
7610:
7548:
7155:
6948:
6806:
5921:
5713:
5712:
controlled the country from 1999 until 2018, when it lost all of its seats in parliament after the
5650:
5630:
4403:
4077:
3968:
3890:
3580:
3319:
3206:
3046:
2784:
2698:
2680:
1135:
1109:
1085:
1034:
614:
545:
7108:
1371:
10824:
10757:
10681:
10654:
9216:
9179:
9175:
8206:
8182:
8109:
7585:
7468:
7392:
7297:
7235:
7180:
6904:
6568:
6517:
6496:
6479:
6349:
5678:
5549:
5469:
2936:
2808:
2780:
2287:
1843:
In power, under various names, since independence, December 9, 1961 (Sole legal party, 1964–1992)
1740:
943:
569:
135:
3437:
3424:
2260:
1537:: PDGE 92.00% 55 of 70 seats (Includes 15 unelected representatives appointed by the president.)
1408:
In power, under various names, since independence, January 1, 1960 (Sole legal party, 1966–1990)
11011:
10863:
10698:
9964:
8977:
8811:
7647:
7614:
7017:
6752:
6353:
6246:
6226:
were the biggest parties in the Bavarian Landtag from 1869 to 1933 and ruled from 1920 to 1933.
6219:
6071:
4931:
4435:
3073:
2878:
2612:
1938:
805:
193:
131:
4253:
2209:
10671:
10387:
9559:
9187:
8832:
8799:
8791:
8202:
8061:
7511:
7396:
7207:
7075:
6940:
6903:
continuously between 1978 and 2019, being also the most voted party in all elections for the
6810:
6602:
6551:
6375:
6015:
6011:
5860:
5808:(predecessor of the ÖVP, in power since 1945), dominated Lower Austria between 1907 and 1934.
5026:
4920:
4363:
3723:
3713:
3706:
3524:
3337:
3196:
3018:
2964:
2316:
2120:
1448:
In power, under various names, from 1969 to 1992 and since 1997 (Sole legal party, 1963–1990)
1433:
1159:
1131:
1062:
1026:
847:
741:
704:
555:
540:
501:
329:
309:
8028:: Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2022, defeated in
4348:
10829:
10207:
The Long Southern Strategy: How Chasing White Voters in the South Changed American Politics
9541:
9097:
8918:
held power from 1970 to 1979, from 1982 to 1993 and from 2002 to 2018 (26 out of 38 years).
8298:
7744:
in 1968. The Labor Party started losing influence in the 1970s, particularly following the
7602:
7021:
6975:
6684:
6023:
5119:
between 1953 and 1978, held consecutive governments several times and was only defeated in
5078:
5006:
3490:
3292:
3239:
2490:
1442:
1197:
1189:
1179:
1114:
842:
634:
441:
299:
279:
10072:
9604:
9587:
9533:
6190:
5404:: The conservative Liberal Democratic Party ruled the province between 1922 and 1943. The
2201:
8:
10965:
10875:
10693:
10608:
9311:
9294:
9278:
9261:
8886:
8226:
7741:
7552:
7285:
7241:
7123:
and the takeover of municipalities by the state. The landslide election victories of the
7004:
6813:
has significant residual power. From 1986 to 2006, the Presidency was in the hand of the
6799:
6795:
6434:
6151:
6010:
elections in 2000. For most of the 1990s, the party had an absolute majority in both the
5339:
5033:
from 1994 to 2008.They are currently ruling, but may not be yet considered dominant. The
5001:
4904:
4509:
4188:
2291:
2283:
2080:
1986:
1837:
1833:
1790:
1485:
1139:
882:
872:
867:
852:
832:
689:
511:
496:
371:
319:
9462:
Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950–1990
8068:. PBS also led the state government as a single party from 1985 to 1986, and as part of
6103:
5420:
4800:
In 2017, the Alberta PC Party merged with Alberta's other major centre-right party, the
4472:
1887:
91:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
10996:
9982:
9787:
9740:
9693:
9112:
9087:
8826:
8242:
8053:
7821:
7752:. The Labor Party continued to participate in several coalition governments until 2009.
7173:
5405:
5163:
4691:(formerly known as the National Assembly for Wales, until 2020) since its inception in
4156:
2948:
2944:
2800:
2788:
2626:
2452:
2045:
1288:
1125:
of electoral districts) designed to put them at a disadvantage. In some cases outright
837:
796:
731:
649:
461:
334:
264:
255:
10313:
9875:
8326:
5788:(predecessor of the SPÖ, in power since 1945), dominated Vienna between 1911 and 1934.
10930:
10632:
10622:
10502:
10456:
10349:
10016:
9907:
9851:
9826:
9779:
9744:
9732:
9697:
9685:
9644:
9634:
9609:
9545:
9357:
8996:
8631:
8301:, is affiliated with FLN, but its partisan power is significantly weakened after the
7187:
7111:, in efforts to allegedly jump-start multiparty democracy in Turkey. The pro-Kurdish
6708:
6471:
6443:
6261:
6238:
6138:
5400:
4977:
4407:
4024:
4014:
3271:
2940:
2796:
2320:
1516:
1328:
1014:
654:
629:
274:
239:
10285:
9986:
9791:
9712:
8686:(ANC) governed South Africa with consecutive majority governments from 1994 to 2024.
7972:: Barisan Nasional, in power from 1974 to 2008 under main component party in Penang
6542:
6525:
6508:
6487:
5448:: The Justicialist Party has won every gubernatorial election between 1973 and 2019.
2498:
10710:
10600:
10271:
10257:
9974:
9927:
9818:
9771:
9728:
9724:
9675:
9599:
9537:
9306:
9273:
9107:
9082:
8951:
8554:(PDP) was in power from May 29, 1999, till May 29, 2015, when the opposition party
7813:
7705:
7523:
7460:
7215:
7202:
6843:
5880:
5140:
4916:
4613:
4561:
3186:
2826:
2804:
1564:
1163:
1070:
1022:
1002:
791:
736:
718:
699:
684:
451:
386:
304:
10369:
10327:
10299:
6019:
4935:
10735:
10720:
10639:
10604:
10496:
10450:
9978:
9901:
9845:
9515:
8905:
8847:
8579:
8531:
8130:
8005:
7953:
7948:
7837:
7789:
7713:
7568:
7267:
7257:
7127:
led to the party gaining majority in parliament between 2002 and 2018. Since the
6147:
6111:
5756:
5132:
4727:
4628:
4552:
4184:
3829:
3364:
3102:
3050:
2918:
2914:
2896:
2856:
2834:
2456:
2324:
2007:
1982:
1954:
1927:
1445:, in office from February 8, 1979, to August 31, 1992, and since October 15, 1997
1365:
National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Forces for the Defense of Democracy
1280:(MPLA): In power since independence, November 11, 1975; sole legal party, 1975–92
1213:
1126:
1101:
1089:
1018:
933:
862:
857:
777:
751:
746:
726:
664:
624:
619:
246:
17:
10153:
9807:"Democracy prevention: The international collaboration of authoritarian regimes"
5529:
3840:
3765:
10868:
9102:
9092:
8807:
8474:(PAIGC) governed from 1974 to 1999 (from 1974 to 1991 as the sole legal party).
8329:, who ruled first as an independent after a coup from 1987 to 1989, then leads
8069:
7745:
7464:
7159:
7143:
6839:
6546:
6529:
6512:
6491:
5999:
5556:
from 1861 to 1886, and later on from 1886 to 1900 as the brief successor party
4801:
4650:
4617:
4201:
4178:
3885:
3623:
3576:
3377:
3276:
3152:
3142:
2900:
2860:
2792:
2013:
1976:
1655:
1540:
Chamber of People's Representatives election, 2017: PDGE 92.00% 99 of 100 seats
1122:
1078:
1008:, which are intricately organized around a specific party. Sometimes the term "
659:
609:
550:
416:
401:
9759:
9680:
9663:
9648:
8004:
also held power from 1955 to 1969. Currently lead a coalition government with
7684:
or Functional Groups) organization, in power from 1971 to 1999 in support for
7658:
for 34 years (winning election for seven consecutive times from 1977 to 2011).
6439:
2881:
and its predecessors (BN Sarawak, Sarawak Alliance) since independence (1963).
1401:(Rassemblement Démocratique et Populaire du Cameroun, RDPC): Led by President
10985:
10853:
10745:
10348:(in Hungarian). Budapest: Nemzedékek Tudása Tankönyvkiadó. pp. 291–295.
9830:
9806:
9783:
9775:
9736:
9689:
9613:
8877:
held power from 1915 to 1929 and from 1932 to 1957 (39 out of 42 years). The
8466:
7793:
7625:
for 24 years (winning election for five consecutive times from 1993 to 2018).
7592:
for 24 years (winning election for five consecutive times from 1994 to 2019).
7575:
for 24 years (winning election for five consecutive times from 2000 to 2011).
7400:
7079:
6834:
6619:
6119:
6075:
5820:
5800:
5585:
5292:
4953:
4713:
3657:
3481:
3381:
3358:
2977:
2730:
2386:. Presidency since 2007 (and 1979–1990) mayor of every major city, including
2383:
2093:
since 1979, and has won every election for the island's seat in the national
2037:
1856:
1054:
530:
446:
436:
10095:
Technocratic Populism in Hybrid Regimes: Georgia on My Mind and in My Pocket
9822:
9664:"Ruling Parties in Authoritarian Regimes: Rethinking Institutional Strength"
9326:
8076:(Sabah Alliance) holds power in Sabah from its independence in 1963 to 1976.
7020:
between 1995 and 2015, being the most voted party in all elections for the
6345:
5740:
ruled as the dominant governing coalition leader from 1945 to 1970, and the
10762:
10730:
10649:
10044:
Vicente Fox was the first democratically elected PAN governor of the state.
8890:
8835:
held power from the granting of self-government in 1978 to 2001 (23 years).
8674:
8661:
8646:
8447:
8317:
7716:, and local councils from 1964 until Iran became a one-party state in 1975.
7380:
7115:
was the dominant party in the mainly Kurdish southeast from 1991 until the
6760:
6175:
6095:
4961:
4853:
4786:
4674:
4130:
3720:, the second biggest city, since 1995. Holding mayor's position since 1996.
3533:
3255:
3177:
3008:
2987:
2807:
from 1973 to 1978, when they were expelled from BN in the aftermath of the
2694:
2659:
2264:
1668:
1612:
1234:
1147:
1105:
765:
644:
604:
599:
535:
516:
381:
9847:
Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2008
9630:
Foundations of comparative politics : democracies of the modern world
3120:: Baath Party won 167 of 250 seats (National Progressive Front 183 of 250)
175:
10897:
10890:
10817:
10705:
10665:
10551:
10121:
To Understand Georgia's Constitutional Reforms, Look Beyond the President
9044:
8486:
8162:
was the dominant party during various times in the nation's history from
8159:
8150:
7764:
7629:
7347:
7284:, where it was heavily defeated and reduced to 1 seat. It controlled the
7042:
6966:
6952:
6571:
dominated the region from 1946 until 1953, and then from 1963 until 1991.
6475:
6405:
6099:
6098:(first as president 1848 to 1852 then as Emperor from 1852 to 1870), the
5324:
5315:
5187:
5049:
4969:
4857:
4005:
3279:(GD) has been in power with an overall majority in Parliament since 2012.
2737:
2622:
2494:
2141:
1947:
dominant party with the return of multi-party elections on July 28, 2005.
1778:
1747:
1717:
1704:
1074:
639:
589:
525:
521:
491:
426:
361:
10384:"Learning to Lose: Adapting to Democracy in One Party Dominant Systems…"
5828:(predecessor of the ÖVP), dominated Upper Austria between 1907 and 1934.
2279:
1618:
In power since independence, June 25, 1975 (Sole legal party, 1975–1990)
928:
10935:
10907:
10885:
10795:
9027:
8968:(1917–1924) consecutively held power from 1902 to 1924 (22 years). The
8868:
8626:
8494:
governed from 1960 to 1999 (from 1960 to 1990 as the sole legal party).
8434:
8104:
8048:: Barisan Nasional, in power from 1976 to 1985 (led by component party
7492:
7376:
7371:
6846:, has been power since 2014 (a continuation of the governing 2001–2014
6723:
6639:
5840:
5097:
4861:
4846:
4299:
4140:
3614:
3314:
3234:
3133:
2932:
2358:
2247:
1600:
1572:
1287:(in office from September 10, 1979, to August 28, 2017) and now led by
1175:
1167:
1038:
486:
421:
411:
10599:
10124:, Democracy & Freedom Watch, 6 May 2017, retrieved 7 January 2023.
9628:
8742:
in Tunisia, 1956–2011 (as the sole legal party between 1963 and 1981).
8655:
Party ruled from 1968 to 1992 (from 1978 to 1991 as sole legal party).
8634:
Party ruled from 1977 to 2020 (from 1977 to 1991 as sole legal party).
6731:(DPS) ruled Montenegro from 1990 to 2020, having been defeated in the
6478:. The main opposition to the Christian democratic governments was the
10858:
10834:
10790:
10785:
10740:
10725:
10627:
9586:
Hassan, Mai; Mattingly, Daniel; Nugent, Elizabeth R. (May 12, 2022).
9159:
8781:
8591:
8209:
from 1994 to 2015 (except for a brief interregnum from 2001 to 2004).
8197:
7672:
6944:
6935:
6887:
6301:
6115:
5848:(predecessor of the ÖVP), dominated Vorarlberg between 1907 and 1934.
5669:
5517:
5378:
5366:
5280:
5236:
4869:
3041:
2646:
2481:
2374:
2172:
1402:
1151:
1088:(in which different parties alternate frequently in power) is valid.
823:
694:
466:
456:
376:
366:
8394:(Mouvement Patriotique de Salut de SMPS) governed from 1990 to 2021.
2060:
Senate election, 2018: ZANU-PF 43.8% and won 34 of 80 elective seats
2048:
since November 24, 2017. In power since independence, April 17, 1980
142:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
10800:
10715:
10428:"Turkey's undecided voters are leaning towards opposition alliance"
9117:
8930:
8814:, and from 1949 to 1966 (16 years) as leader of the Liberal Party.
8718:
8587:
8583:
8574:
8353:(UPRONA) from 1962 to 1993 (from 1974 to 1992 as sole legal party).
8221:
8088:
7896:
7808:
7499:
7447:
7229:
6779:
6280:
5966:
5940:
5625:
5553:
5544:
5260:
5030:
5021:
4924:
4842:
4224:
3924:
2892:
2776:
2763:
2557:
2431:
2421:
2311:
2114:
2028:
1828:
1559:
1473:
1393:
1319:
506:
431:
406:
396:
289:
8881:
then held power from 1957 to 1989 (32 years) with and without the
8450:
from 1996 to 2017, with Jammeh ruling first under a Junta after a
6593:
6576:
6559:
6122:
as the main opponent. Both parties have taken dominance since the
6051:
1491:
In power since its formation in 1979 (Sole legal party, 1979–1992)
10960:
10880:
10546:
10069:"Singapore Elections Department – Parliamentary Election Results"
8734:
8606:
8546:
8526:
8345:
8288:
7924:
7685:
7596:
7472:
7456:
7419:
7131:, the party has minority in the parliament and is in a coalition.
6854:
with 44.84% of the vote and 20 of 34 seats, and won again in the
6597:
6580:
6563:
6500:
6323:
6214:
6166:
6066:
6042:
5986:
5916:
5732:
5704:
5654:
5645:
5576:
5477:
5464:
5082:
5073:
5058:
4830:
4774:
4625:
4604:
4591:
4249:
4237:
4117:
3963:
3824:
3756:
3743:
3727:
3702:
3468:
3328:
2874:
2741:
2608:
2566:
2387:
2157:
2090:
1800:
In power since independence, July 9, 2011; and in the autonomous
1699:
1643:
1605:
1359:
1221:
1205:
391:
10478:"SNP ends Labour domination in Scotland with election landslide"
10344:
Bihari, Mihály (2013). "A magyarországi domináns pártrendszer".
8374:
ruled from 1960 to 1981 (from 1962 to 1980 as sole legal party).
5868:(predecessor of the ÖVP), dominated Tyrol between 1907 and 1934.
4852:
The Ontario PC Party would regain power from 1995 to 2002 under
1334:
In power since independence in 1966, first elected March 3, 1965
10902:
10839:
10805:
10752:
10346:
Politológia: a politika és a modern állam: pártok és ideológiák
8754:
8024:
7968:
7728:
7677:
7579:
7563:
7507:
7487:
7100:
7095:
7066:
7054:, thus having full control of the Swiss Directorial Government.
6892:
6764:
6747:
6703:
6090:
6030:
superpresidential system of government until his death in 1999.
5896:
5780:
5600:
5492:
4892:
4758:
4708:
4688:
4339:
4205:
4174:
4065:
3793:
3567:
3413:
3353:
2852:
2822:
2348:
2188:
2051:
Presidential election, 2018: Emmerson Mnangagwa (ZANU-PF) 50.8%
1918:
1735:
1268:
594:
9844:
Mehler, Andreas; Melber, Henning; Van Walraven, Klaas (2009).
9383:"UMNO intends to return as Malaysia's natural governing party"
9136:
Presidents in Singapore are not allowed to belong to any party
5428:
has won every gubernatorial election since 1962 and until the
5248:
in Guatemala from 1871 and 1920, 1921 and 1926, 1931 and 1944.
1025:, which are characterized and sustained by narrow or balanced
10845:
10108:
The Georgian Dream? Outcomes from the Summer of Protest, 2018
9064:
8698:
8506:
8415:
8406:
8257:
8229:
was the first political party to surpass the majority in the
8044:
7988:
7876:
7852:
7733:
7542:
6872:
6671:
6462:
5512:
4668:
4385:
3872:
3717:
3089:
3004:
2973:
2721:
2676:
2603:
2227:
1648:
1587:
Regional election, 2015: Regional partners 1987 of 1990 seats
1166:
from its creation in 1921 until 1972 with the support of the
23:
Continuous dominance of a single political party in elections
10524:"West Bengal: How The Left Front And Its Government Emerged"
8810:, who served from 1939 to 1941 (2 years) as a member of the
6794:'s existence (1910–1926): After the coup that put an end to
5194:
The Liberal Party (PL) held the presidency from 1871 to 1903
3242:(YAP) has been in power essentially continuously since 1993.
2361:
since 1991, winning every gubernatorial election since 1995.
1077:
and a lower number of parties entering the legislature) and
9928:"Botswana's ruling Democratic Party wins general elections"
8472:
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
8386:
7700:
6896:
5971:
5408:
has won every gubernatorial election between 1973 and 2019.
5268:
in Honduras from 1933 to 1956, and again from 2010 to 2022.
4564:
from 1982 to 1987, from 1990 to 2005, and again since 2009.
2294:
mayors since direct mayor elections exist in Costa Rica in
1878:
1273:
10542:"GE15: PN win 14 state seats in Perlis to form government"
10402:"Turkey Under the AKP: The Era of Dominant-Party Politics"
8614:
in Senegal from 1960 to 2000 (sole legal party 1966–1974).
7900:: Barisan Nasional, in power from 1978, when they won the
7455:
was the dominant party in Cambodia from 1946 to 1955, The
6416:
ruling party until formally declaring the country to be a
4808:(UCP). The UCP has formed the provincial government since
3066:: PAP won 61.2% of the popular vote and 83 out of 93 seats
2006:, but currently none exist, effectively making the SADR a
10055:"Kelantan Emergency of December 1977 - the Malaysian Bar"
5681:
ruled from 1999 until its merging with the newly created
4017:
dominated from 1921 and before that it was part of Tyrol)
10272:"Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament in Baden-Württemberg"
9843:
8514:
in Kenya from 1963 to 2002 (sole legal party 1982–1991).
6198:
ruled from 1953 to 2011 and was the biggest party until
1240:
10110:, Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 27, No. 2 (2019), pp. 249–256.
6382:(renamed Party of Hungarian Life in 1939) governed the
2833:
since 1955. Currently lead a coalition government with
2740:, 1994–2009 and since 2012 (governed in coalition with
1578:
In power since May 28, 1991 (party reorganization 2019)
1113:
support the status quo, occasional but not omnipresent
10501:. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan Limited. p. 58.
10154:"Геннадий Кернес, хозяин Харькова в инвалидном кресле"
7840:, BN is no longer dominant in the Malaysian politics.
2980:, in office since 15 January 2005 (as Chairman of the
2044:(as president since December 31, 1987) and now led by
1584:: 500 of 547 seats (546 of 547 seats including allies)
10494:
10373:
The Institute for the History of the 1956 Revolution.
9585:
9198:
9196:
8706:
from 1998 to 2019 (1998 to 2005 as sole legal party).
8444:
Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction
7836:, despite currently in a coalition government led by
7828:, with BN leading from 2021 to 2022. Its predecessor
7559:
since independence in 1947 to 1977 and 1980 to 1989.
5994:
was in power from the first multi-party elections in
5516:: From 1829 to 1871, a successive number of parties (
3384:
and several other parties, but ran as an independent)
2533:
As of 2021, legislative, judiciary and executive are
10448:
9711:
Weigele, Annika; Brandt, Cyril Owen (January 2022).
9518:(2006), "Party dominance 'theory': Of what value?",
9464:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 16.
9354:
Hoover: An Extraordinary Life in Extraordinary Times
8331:
Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement
6943:
coalition (federated political party after 2001) in
5685:
in 2007, which has been the ruling party since then.
4730:
for most of its existence with exception to 2008–12.
4187:: Dominates in Southeast Poland, has controlled the
1441:(Parti Congolais du Travail, PCT): Led by President
9899:
7463:as head of government from 1955 to 1970. Under the
5998:, when Croatia was still a constituent republic of
5149:
dominated Costa Rican presidency from 1846 to 1868.
4308:(PDCS) have always had a plurality of seats in the
3941:
Presidential election, 2018: Attilio Fontana 54.67%
1813:
Parliamentary election, 2010: SPLM 160 of 170 seats
9193:
8060:). Currently BN is in a coalition government with
7510:until political liberalization and the lifting of
7300:. It revived as the dominant party in Scotland in
6767:since 1927 and has been in power many other times.
6755:ruled from 1935 to 1965 (including the 5 years of
6352:in 1875) ruled Hungary from 1867 to 1905, and the
5744:, under a similar arrangement, from 1970 to 2000.
3427:(president 2014–present, prime minister 2003–2014)
2468:: 49.6% (lost popular vote) and won 9 of 15 seats.
2175:: 55.10%, won 75 chamber seats and 21 senate seats
1720:since the end of military rule in Nigeria in 1999.
1229:is dominant at the national level, the opposition
9026:has held power since 2001 (in coalition with the
8372:Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa
8056:), and from 1994 to 2018 (led by component party
6923:the People's Party achieved an absolute majority.
6817:; since 2006, the Presidents were members of the
6711:governed the National Assembly from 1962 to 2003.
6499:dominated the region from 1909 until the rise of
6150:, during which the party's leader and president,
4980:and outright election subversion during Jim Crow.
4864:, and has formed the provincial government since
3853:: 54.13% and qualified majority, 135 of 199 seats
2750:: LDP 262 (Governing coalition 294) of 465 seats.
2393:Local elections, 2012: 75.7% and 127 of 153 seats
2144:: 69.03%, 30 of 30 seats in the House of Assembly
2034:Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
1569:Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
1249:
87:may be compromised due to out-of-date information
10983:
9906:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 174.
9717:International Journal of Educational Development
7459:in Cambodia was the dominant party under Prince
7210:won every election between 1921 and 1972 in the
6118:became president, with French right-wing leader
4986:
2572:In power since 1993 (sole legal party 1979–1992)
2234:has won every gubernatorial election since 2006.
1686:Regional elections, 2015: SWAPO 277 of 378 seats
1524:(Partido Democrático de Guinea Ecuatorial, PDGE)
1117:, or inherent cultural values averse to change.
10328:"Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament im Saarland"
10204:Maxwell, Angie; Shields, Todd (June 24, 2019).
9760:"Authoritarian election as an incentive scheme"
7169:, governed from 1783 to 1806, and 1807 to 1830.
7103:'s single-party period lasting until 1945, the
6476:a welter of corruption allegations in 1992–1994
6348:(which merged with the Left Centre to form the
6249:won every Landesrat election from 1922 to 1935.
6218:: The Bavarian Patriot Party (until 1887), the
4812:, winning their second consecutive election in
4783:Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta
3367:(president 2008–2012, prime minister 2012–2020)
1985:is the only political party represented in the
10203:
10134:Dresden, Cornelius Pollmer (August 31, 2014).
9440:
7816:(BN), in power from 1974 to 2018, defeated in
7427:in Burma (now Myanmar) from 1948 to 1962. The
5952:dominated Flanders from at least 1968 to 1999.
5222:(ARENA) held the presidency from 1989 to 2009.
1481:(Rassemblement Populaire pour de Progrès, RPP)
990:party). Some dominant parties were called the
10585:
9710:
9154:ruled from 1907 to the renaming 1933 and the
8914:held power from 1933 to 1965 (32 years). The
8418:, under various names, from 1952 to 2011 (as
7832:also held power from 1955 to 1973. After the
4972:" due to its states' reliable support of the
4252:since the first regional elections, in 1976.
2504:2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election
2357:(PAN) has dominated politics in the state of
1546:: Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.53%
1497:: RPP in coalition, 87.83% and 57 of 65 seats
1274:Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
1053:Dominant-party systems are commonly based on
951:
10172:
9952:
9474:
9406:
9292:
9259:
7028:, a left-to-centre coalition entered office.
5924:sent prime ministers from 1884 to 1937. The
5208:(PNPP) held the presidency from 1933 to 1944
4976:, enabled in part by significant amounts of
4938:Party, ruled consistently from 1867 to 1911.
4738:
4726:. It has also been the largest party in the
4687:. It has also been the largest party in the
4093:Presidential election, 2015: Luca Zaia 50.1%
3716:has won all national and local elections in
3669:, governor (since 2017); In power since 1945
3626:, governor (since 2011); In power since 1945
3536:, governor (since 2022); In power since 1945
3493:, governor (since 2017); In power since 1945
3097:(NPF), a coalition of 10 parties led by the
1937:dominant party since January 29, 1986, as a
10240:"Misunderstanding the Southern realignment"
9900:Doorenspleet, Renske; Nijzink, Lia (2014).
9400:
7740:since 1925) until merging into present-day
7522:. The Kuomintang maintained control of the
7248:. It also won the majority of seats to the
6951:from 1980 to 2003, under the leadership of
6895:party (the Andalusian branch of nationwide
6763:), though it has been the biggest party in
6679:dominated the Maltese political scene from
6305:: From the establishment of the state, the
5786:Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria
5215:(PCN) held the presidency from 1962 to 1979
5201:(PDN) held the presidency from 1913 to 1931
4919:until 1989 and controlled both chambers of
4635:with a result of more than 50% of the vote.
3007:): Led by Chairman of the Political Bureau
2701:won every gubernatorial elections in 2010,
1661:In power since independence, March 21, 1990
62:Learn how and when to remove these messages
10592:
10578:
10455:. London: Pearson Education. p. 322.
9511:
9509:
9507:
9505:
9459:
6988:Spanish Parliament election, November 2019
6605:dominated the region from 1998 until 2007.
6588:dominated the region from 1991 until 1998.
6554:dominated the region from 1998 until 2007.
6537:dominated the region from 1991 until 1998.
6520:dominated the region from 1946 until 1991.
4631:, who was elected three times in a row in
4574:Spanish Parliament election, November 2019
4531:Spanish Parliament election, November 2019
4494:Spanish Parliament election, November 2019
4457:Spanish Parliament election, November 2019
4420:Spanish Parliament election, November 2019
3859:: 52.56% and 13 of 21 of seats for Hungary
3099:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
958:
944:
10521:
10339:
10337:
9968:
9805:von Soest, Christian (October 25, 2015).
9804:
9758:Hong, Hao; Wong, Tsz-Ning (May 5, 2020).
9679:
9603:
9310:
9277:
8245:and the dissolution of the House in 2006.
7778:Democratic Republican Party (South Korea)
7328:controlled the country from 1992 to 2000.
7158:'s politics from 1714 to 1762 during the
7010:People's Party of the Valencian Community
6915:, a right-to-centre coalition led by the
6390:
6360:
6330:
4839:Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario
4208:and Northwest Poland; ruling party since
2748:Parliamentary election 2021 (Lower house)
2578:: 99.46% and 11,510 of 11,572 councillors
1278:Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
158:Learn how and when to remove this message
9757:
8889:increased the malapportionment with the
8072:coalition from 1990 to 1994. Before BN,
8052:), 1986 to 1990 (led by component party
7357:People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
6978:from 1983 to 2011, and again since 2015.
5928:sent prime ministers from 1979 to 1999.
5528:) governed Chile. From 1990 to 2010 the
4447:from 1982 to 2011, and again since 2015.
4410:from 1979 to 2009, and again since 2012.
4284:(in Madeira): PSD 37.8% and 3 of 6 seats
2408:Central American Parliament, 2016: 68.6%
1793:, in office since July 9, 2011; and was
10370:Part 2: Communist take-over, 1946–1949.
10133:
9956:Journal of Contemporary African Studies
9502:
8682:in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. The
7908:, until 1990, when BN were defeated in
6408:was forced into exile in May 1947, the
5108:ruled Costa Rica between 1932 and 1948.
3139:People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan
2664:Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle
1993:(headquartered in neighbouring Algeria)
1649:South West Africa People's Organisation
1170:majority. Similarly, the Apartheid-era
994:, given their length of time in power.
10984:
10495:Cairney, Paul; McGarvey, Neil (2013).
10475:
10343:
10334:
10300:"Landtagswahlen im Saarland seit 1945"
10258:"Bundestagswahlen – Baden-Württemberg"
10220:
10097:, Politics Gov., Vol. 8, No. 4 (2020).
10021:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
9811:European Journal of Political Research
9626:
9531:
9356:. Knopf Doubleday. 2017. p. 338.
9146:
9144:
9142:
7820:. Also in a coalition government with
7786:Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)
7429:Union Solidarity and Development Party
4306:Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party
4076:Came in second place in Veneto to the
2993:2005 Palestinian presidential election
2528:2020 Venezuelan parliamentary election
10573:
10522:Democracy, Peoples' (June 24, 2007).
10449:Garnett, Mark; Lynch, Philip (2007).
9903:Party Systems and Democracy in Africa
9627:Newton, Kenneth (December 24, 2020).
9605:10.1146/annurev-polisci-051120-013321
9170:
9168:
8442:in The Gambia from 1962 to 1994. The
8237:, it became a dominant party until a
7471:was the dominant party under General
6307:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
6286:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
6196:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
5244:in Guatemala from 1851 and 1871; the
4960:Before the Civil War and through the
4718:Has won the majority of seats to the
4679:Has won the majority of seats to the
4519:Government of the Community of Madrid
3851:2022 Hungarian parliamentary election
3024:2006 Palestinian legislative election
2522:2018 Venezuelan presidential election
2518:: GPP 71.31% and won 306 of 365 seats
2036:(ZANU-PF): Formerly led by President
1630:: FRELIMO 71.28% and 184 of 250 seats
1522:Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea
1399:Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
1241:Methods of dominant-party governments
10221:Mickey, Robert (February 19, 2015).
10136:"CDU sucht nach einem neuen Partner"
9668:British Journal of Political Science
9661:
9542:10.1093/wentk/9780190880194.001.0001
9380:
9312:10.30570/2078-5089-2017-86-3-136-153
9279:10.30570/2078-5089-2017-87-4-133-149
9150:The predecessors of the ÖVP are the
7425:Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
7012:(the Valencian branch of nationwide
5500:(ARENA) in Brazil from 1965 to 1979.
4282:2015 Portuguese legislative election
4258:President of the Regional Government
4244:has dominated political life in the
3589:: SPÖ 41.62% and won 46 of 100 seats
3499:: VPNÖ 39.93% and won 23 of 56 seats
3327:: 82.20% and 84 of 107 seats in the
3057:from 12 August 2004, to 14 May 2024)
3011:, in office since 6 August 2024 (as
2565:(CPP): Led by former prime minister
2040:, in office from April 18, 1980, to
1893:In power since its formation in 2012
1154:in 1994) has strong support amongst
169:
107:
68:
27:
10106:Phillip Oravec, Edward C. Holland:
9532:Frantz, Erica (November 15, 2018).
9331:The Dictionary of Canadian Politics
9139:
8323:Congress for Democracy and Progress
7748:, and eventually lost power in the
7252:in Scotland in every election from
6404:: After the elected Prime Minister
5683:United Socialist Party of Venezuela
4612:a party formed from members of the
4260:uninterruptedly from 1978 to 2015.
4149:: Renewal 27.79% and 29 of 33 seats
3938:: CDX 56.27% and won 49 of 80 seats
3542:: TVP 34.71% and won 14 of 36 seats
3211:In power since independence in 1990
2543:
2516:2017 Venezuelan municipal elections
2487:United Socialist Party of Venezuela
2057:: ZANU-PF 179 of 270 elective seats
2002:Other parties are permitted in the
1930:, in office since January 29, 1986.
1810:: Salva Kiir Mayardit (SPLM) 92.99%
1460:: Denis Sassou-Nguesso (PCT) 60.19%
1306:: MPLA 61.11% and 150 of 220 seats.
1174:in South Africa had the support of
13:
10237:
10093:David Aprasidze, David S. Siroky:
9592:Annual Review of Political Science
9237:Labour, Democracy and Freedom Bloc
9165:
7640:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
7607:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
7240:Has been the largest party in the
6907:during that interval, except one (
6796:Portugal's constitutional monarchy
6054:, ruled Denmark from 1874 to 1901.
5742:Social Democratic Party of Austria
5474:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
4722:in London in every election since
4451:Castilian-Manchegan election, 2019
4370:2020 Vojvodina provincial election
4270:European Parliament election, 2014
4159:, as independent candidate, 59.16%
4097:Chamber of Deputies election, 2018
4090:: CDX 52.2% and won 29 of 51 seats
4082:European Parliament election, 2014
4047:Chamber of Deputies election, 2018
4041:European Parliament election, 2014
3987:Chamber of Deputies election, 2018
3981:European Parliament election, 2014
3945:Chamber of Deputies election, 2022
3903:European Parliament election, 2024
3857:European Parliament election, 2019
3834:European Parliament election, 2009
3832:: In power since 2010 (won in the
3685:European Parliament election, 2019
3679:2019 Austrian legislative election
3675:OÖVP 37.61% and won 22 of 56 seats
3642:2019 Austrian legislative election
3636:European Parliament election, 2019
3599:European Parliament election, 2019
3593:2019 Austrian legislative election
3573:Social Democratic Party of Austria
3552:2019 Austrian legislative election
3546:European Parliament election, 2019
3509:2019 Austrian legislative election
3503:European Parliament election, 2019
3053:, in office since 15 May 2024 (as
2510:2017 Venezuelan regional elections
2405:Constituency election, 2016: 65.7%
1890:, in office since February 5, 2005
1784:Sudan People's Liberation Movement
1658:, in office since February 4, 2024
1615:, in office since January 15, 2015
1503:: Ismail Omar Guelleh (RPP) 87.07%
1405:, in office since November 6, 1982
14:
11023:
9662:Meng, Anne (September 25, 2019).
9381:Chin, James (November 15, 2022).
8760:Movement for Multiparty Democracy
7904:and governed in a coalition with
7824:from 2020 to 2022 in the wake of
7638:, comprising parties such as the
7605:, comprising parties such as the
7504:Republic of China on the mainland
6266:(not part of Germany at the time)
6243:(not part of Germany at the time)
6124:2017 French presidential election
6074:, dominated the Presidency under
6070:: The Agrarian League, later the
4901:Institutional Revolutionary Party
4683:in Wales in every election since
4356:: SNS 44.27% and 120 of 250 seats
3762:Christian Social Union in Bavaria
3632:VVP 43.53% and won 17 of 36 seats
3583:(since 2018); In power since 1945
2576:2022 Cambodian communal elections
2390:, majorities in most departments.
2165:from 2006 to 2019 and since 2020.
1204:since its creation in the 1970s,
1092:, himself a former leader of the
43:This article has multiple issues.
9057:
9037:
9010:
8989:
8958:National Citizens' Reform League
8944:
8923:
8898:
8861:
8840:
8819:
8774:
8747:
8727:
8711:
8691:
8667:
8660:
8639:
8619:
8599:
8567:
8539:
8519:
8499:
8479:
8459:
8427:
8399:
8379:
8358:
8338:
8310:
8281:
8250:
8214:
8190:
8143:
8123:
8097:
8081:
8037:
8017:
7994:2009 Perak constitutional crisis
7981:
7961:
7941:
7917:
7889:
7869:
7845:
7801:
7757:
7721:
7693:
7665:
7656:state legislature of West Bengal
7535:
7480:
7440:
7412:
7364:
7340:
7313:
7222:
7195:
7136:
7117:2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt
7088:
7059:
7035:
7024:during that interval. After the
6997:
6972:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
6959:
6928:
6901:Andalusian Autonomous Government
6880:
6865:
6827:
6772:
6740:
6716:
6696:
6664:
6632:
6612:
6592:
6575:
6558:
6541:
6524:
6507:
6486:
6455:
6427:
6392:
6362:
6332:
6316:
6294:
6273:
6254:
6231:
6207:
6183:
6159:
6131:
6083:
6059:
6035:
5979:
5959:
5933:
5909:
5889:
5873:
5853:
5833:
5813:
5793:
5773:
5762:Cisleithania Minister-Presidency
5749:
5725:
5697:
5662:
5638:
5618:
5593:
5582:Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party
5569:
5537:
5505:
5485:
5457:
5437:
5413:
5393:
5359:
5351:
5332:
5308:
5273:
5253:
5229:
5180:
5156:
5090:
5066:
5042:
5014:
4994:
4946:
4885:
4823:
4793:until the party's defeat in the
4767:
4751:
4743:
4701:
4661:
4643:
4610:Kernes Bloc — Successful Kharkiv
4597:
4584:
4545:
4502:
4488:Castilian-Leonese election, 2022
4465:
4441:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
4428:
4391:
4378:
4332:
4292:
4230:
4217:
4193:Constitutional Tribunal (Poland)
4167:
4123:
4110:
4102:Senate election, 2018: CDX 48.2%
4058:
4052:Senate election, 2018: SVP 49.8%
3998:
3956:
3950:Senate election, 2018: CDX 50.4%
3917:
3878:
3865:
3836:: 14 of 22 of seats for Hungary)
3817:
3786:
3749:
3736:
3695:
3650:
3607:
3560:
3517:
3474:
3461:
3406:
3346:
3307:
3264:
3227:
3183:Democratic Party of Turkmenistan
3170:
3126:
3101:(Baath Party): Led by President
3082:
3034:
2957:
2939:(PAS) under various coalitions (
2925:
2907:
2885:
2867:
2845:
2815:
2783:(PAS) under various coalitions (
2769:
2756:
2733:, in office since 4 October 2021
2714:
2687:
2670:
2652:
2639:
2631:state legislature of West Bengal
2596:
2550:
2474:
2466:2020 Vincentian general election
2448:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2440:
2414:
2367:
2341:
2304:
2278:
2253:
2240:
2220:
2206:Brazilian Social Democracy Party
2194:
2181:
2150:
2107:
2073:
2055:House of Assembly election, 2018
2021:
1991:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
1969:
1911:
1899:: Faure Gnassingbé (UNIR) 70.78%
1871:
1840:, in office since March 19, 2021
1821:
1771:
1750:, in office since March 24, 2000
1728:
1692:
1636:
1593:
1552:
1509:
1466:
1426:
1386:
1352:
1312:
1261:
1067:semi-proportional representation
927:
174:
112:
73:
32:
10534:
10515:
10488:
10469:
10442:
10420:
10394:
10376:
10362:
10320:
10306:
10292:
10278:
10264:
10250:
10231:
10214:
10197:
10146:
10127:
10113:
10100:
10087:
10061:
10047:
10038:
10029:
9993:
9946:
9920:
9893:
9864:
9837:
9798:
9764:Journal of Theoretical Politics
9751:
9704:
9655:
9620:
9579:
9525:
9209:
9130:
8790:(generally in a near-permanent
8740:Democratic Constitutional Rally
8492:Democratic Party of Ivory Coast
8412:National Democratic Party (NDP)
7998:2020 Malaysian political crisis
7930:2020 Malaysian political crisis
7902:1978 state election in Kelantan
7858:2020 Malaysian political crisis
7834:2022 Malaysian general election
7826:2020 Malaysian political crisis
7072:Swedish Social Democratic Party
7018:Valencian Autonomous Government
6687:won the government in the 2013
6645:Christian Social People's Party
5950:Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams
5498:National Renewal Alliance Party
5220:Nationalist Republican Alliance
4872:, winning a second election in
4278:: PSD 48.56% and 25 of 47 seats
3992:Senate election, 2018: PD 30.5%
2588:2023 Cambodian general election
2530:: GPP claimed 70% of the seats.
2335:: 58.95% and won 18 of 21 seats
2333:2019 Dominican general election
2163:Movement Toward Socialism (MAS)
2138:2022 Barbadian general election
1765:: RPF 73.95% and 40 of 80 seats
1624:: Filipe Nyusi (FRELIMO) 73.46%
1575:, in office since April 2, 2018
1571:(EPRDF): Led by Prime Minister
1374:, in office since June 18, 2020
1340:: BDP 52.65% and 38 of 57 seats
1331:, in office since April 1, 2018
51:or discuss these issues on the
9850:. Leiden: Brill. p. 411.
9729:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102497
9633:. Cambridge University Press.
9468:
9453:
9434:
9374:
9345:
9319:
9286:
9253:
7956:after the 2023 state election.
7272:Has won every election to the
7212:former devolved administration
7016:) was the ruling party in the
6899:) was the ruling party in the
6852:parliamentary election in 2014
6729:Democratic Party of Socialists
4934:, later known as the National
4445:Castilian-Manchegan Government
4347:: In power since 2012, led by
4037:: SVP 45.7% and 17 of 35 seats
3977:: PD 48.1% and 25 of 41 seats
3105:, in office since 17 July 2000
3049:(PAP): Led by Senior Minister
3013:Hamas leader in the Gaza Strip
2965:Palestinian National Authority
2582:2018 Cambodian Senate election
2493:: In power since 1999, led by
2402:National election, 2016: 66.8%
2208:since 1994, until election of
2169:2020 Bolivian general election
1367:(CNDD-FDD) In power since 2005
1250:Current dominant-party systems
1108:" or "soft authoritarianism",
1:
10476:Stacey, Kiran (May 8, 2015).
10314:"Bundestagswahlen – Saarland"
10227:. Princeton University Press.
9872:"2012 • Transformationsindex"
9246:
9070:Human Rights Protection Party
8422:, sole legal party 1953–1978)
8185:operated as a dominant party.
7652:Revolutionary Socialist Party
7619:Revolutionary Socialist Party
7125:Justice and Development Party
6984:: PSOE 46.8%, 34 of 65 seats.
6949:autonomous Catalan government
6647:(CSV), with its predecessor,
5472:ruled from 1899 to 1920. The
4987:Caribbean and Central America
4616:, previously dominant in the
4453:: PSOE 44.1%, 19 of 33 seats.
4316:was already biggest party in
4021:1924 Italian general election
4011:South Tyrolean People's Party
3899:: PD 34.7% and 23 of 50 seats
3446:: 35.61% and 268 of 600 seats
3419:Justice and Development Party
3390:: 49.82% and 324 of 450 seats
2729:(LDP): Led by Prime Minister
2590:: 82.30% and 120 of 125 seats
2569:, in office from 1985 to 2023
1804:since formation, July 9, 2005
1529:Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
1488:, in office since May 8, 1999
1233:is strong to dominant in the
1156:Bantu peoples of South Africa
10956:Social dominance orientation
9979:10.1080/02589001.2012.669566
9475:Ostroverkhov, A. A. (2017).
9407:Ostroverkhov, A. A. (2017).
9293:Ostroverkhov, A. A. (2017).
9260:Ostroverkhov, A. A. (2017).
9018:Australian Capital Territory
8976:. The Country Party and the
8512:Kenya African National Union
8392:Patriotic Salvation Movement
8303:2021 parliamentary elections
7623:state legislature of Tripura
7516:Democratic Progressive Party
7389:Bangladesh Nationalist Party
7050:held all seven seats of the
6990:: PSOE 38.3%, 5 of 10 seats.
6586:Democratic Party of the Left
6535:Democratic Party of the Left
6144:Union of Citizens of Georgia
5562:Colombian Conservative Party
5289:Partido Liberal Nacionalista
5137:Social Christian Unity Party
4527:: PP 44.8%, 65 of 136 seats.
4459:: PSOE 33.1%, 9 of 21 seats.
4416:: PNV 38.7%, 31 of 75 seats.
4354:Parliamentary election, 2022
4147:Parliamentary election, 2020
3803:2017 German federal election
3778:2018 Bavarian state election
3774:2021 German federal election
3444:Parliamentary election, 2023
3388:Parliamentary election, 2021
3325:Parliamentary election, 2016
3285:: 48.22% and 90 of 150 seats
3283:Parliamentary election, 2020
3246:Parliamentary election, 2020
3203:Parliamentary election, 2018
3159:Parliamentary election, 2020
3118:Parliamentary election, 2020
3064:Parliamentary election, 2020
3026:: 74 of 132 seats and 44.45%
2629:has consecutively ruled the
2617:state legislature of Gujarat
2615:has consecutively ruled the
2537:controlled by Maduro's party
2204:: has been dominated by the
2101:, which it lost by one vote.
1961:Parliamentary election, 2016
1924:National Resistance Movement
1903:Parliamentary election, 2018
1863:Parliamentary election, 2015
1802:Government of Southern Sudan
1763:Parliamentary election, 2018
1753:In power since July 19, 1994
1675:Parliamentary election, 2019
1628:Parliamentary election, 2019
1582:Parliamentary election, 2015
1495:Parliamentary election, 2018
1452:Parliamentary election, 2017
1418:Parliamentary election, 2020
1338:Parliamentary election, 2019
1304:Parliamentary election, 2017
1178:who make up the majority of
1150:(governing since the end of
7:
10971:List of totalitarian states
10951:Right-wing authoritarianism
9333:. Campbell Strategies. 2022
9076:
9072:governed from 1982 to 2021.
9052:governed from 1891 to 1912.
8590:), under the leadership of
8351:Union for National Progress
8273:
8205:from 1977 to 1994, and the
8138:governed from 1983 to 2005.
7774:Liberal Party (South Korea)
7738:Assembly of Representatives
7590:state legislature of Sikkim
7573:state legislature of Odisha
7551:had continuously ruled the
7190:governed from 1997 to 2010.
7176:governed from 1905 to 1922.
7129:2018 parliamentary election
6982:Extremaduran election, 2019
6850:, now defunct). It won the
6788:Portuguese Republican Party
6627:governed from 1928 to 1970.
6625:Progressive Citizens' Party
6448:2011 Irish general election
5718:2018 parliamentary election
5710:Republican Party of Armenia
5689:
5430:2023 gubernatorial election
5213:National Conciliation Party
4576:: PP 31.9%, 10 of 23 seats.
4570:: PP 47.6%, 41 of 75 seats.
4533:: PP 26.9%, 10 of 37 seats.
4496:: PP 31.6%, 13 of 31 seats.
4490:: PP 31.4%, 31 of 81 seats.
4482:Castile and León Government
4422:: PNV 32.0%, 6 of 18 seats.
4360:Presidential election, 2022
4153:Presidential election, 2016
4013:: In power since 1948 (The
3807:Alternative für Deutschland
3434:Presidential election, 2023
3374:Presidential election, 2024
3334:Presidential election, 2022
3289:Presidential election, 2018
3252:Presidential election, 2024
3214:Sole legal party until 2012
3193:Presidential election, 2022
3163:Assembly of Representatives
3149:Presidential election, 2020
3112:Presidential election, 2021
3108:In power since 8 March 1963
3070:Presidential election, 2023
2584:: 95.95% and 58 of 58 seats
2066:
1951:Presidential election, 2016
1897:Presidential election, 2020
1853:Presidential election, 2015
1808:Presidential election, 2010
1795:President of Southern Sudan
1757:Presidential election, 2017
1665:Presidential election, 2019
1622:Presidential election, 2019
1606:Mozambican Liberation Front
1544:Presidential election, 2016
1501:Presidential election, 2016
1479:People's Rally for Progress
1458:Presidential election, 2016
1412:Presidential election, 2018
1378:Presidential election, 2020
1295:Presidential election, 1992
1059:proportional representation
910:Political parties by region
700:Party convention/conference
187:to comply with Knowledge's
138:the claims made and adding
10:
11028:
10946:Left-wing authoritarianism
10781:Authoritarian conservatism
10452:Exploring British Politics
10286:"Landtag Bayern 1869–1918"
10210:. Oxford University Press.
9215:Formerly its predecessors
9174:Formerly its predecessors
8912:Liberal and Country League
8800:Liberal-National Coalition
8766:
8440:People's Progressive Party
7934:2021 Melaka state election
7520:2000 presidential election
6856:2017 Presidential election
6807:semi-presidential republic
6172:Christian Democratic Union
6012:Chamber of Representatives
5611:People's Progressive Party
5607:People's National Congress
5532:Coalition hold presidency.
5345:People's National Movement
5173:Dominican Liberation Party
4525:Madrilenian election, 2021
4372:: SNS 61.58% and 76 of 120
4314:Sammarinese People's Party
4035:Provincial elections, 2013
4029:Lists of Slavs and Germans
3799:Christian Democratic Union
3726:has held the mayorship in
3220:
3095:National Progressive Front
3060:In power since 5 June 1959
2839:2022 Pahang state election
1997:Legislative election, 2012
1759:: Paul Kagame (RPF) 98.79%
1716:has won every election in
1283:Formerly led by President
897:Lists of political parties
15:
10923:
10773:
10645:Counterintelligence state
10615:
9681:10.1017/s0007123419000115
9491:(87): 134. Archived from
9327:"Natural Governing Party"
9229:Democratic People's Party
9202:Formerly its predecessor
8982:Liberal and Country Party
8684:African National Congress
8556:All Progressives Congress
8552:People's Democratic Party
8325:from 1996 to 2014, under
8295:National Liberation Front
8267:Houthi takeover of Sana'a
8263:General People's Congress
8066:2020 Sabah state election
8010:2022 Perak state election
7862:2022 Johor state election
7326:Socialist Party of Serbia
7113:Peoples' Democratic Party
7105:Republican People's Party
7046:: From 1848 to 1891, the
6792:Portuguese First Republic
6442:was the largest party in
6410:Hungarian Communist Party
5992:Croatian Democratic Union
5677:ruled from 1830 to 1851.
5584:ruled from 1895 to 1925.
5426:Neuquén People's Movement
5375:National Autonomist Party
5206:National Pro Patria Party
5199:National Democratic Party
5113:National Liberation Party
5106:National Republican Party
5055:Progressive Liberal Party
4915:. The party governed all
4806:United Conservative Party
4739:Formerly dominant parties
4618:Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine
4345:Serbian Progressive Party
4310:Grand and General Council
3909:Chamber of Deputies, 2022
3454:
3205:: 55 of 125 seats in the
2273:National Liberation Party
2087:Barbuda People's Movement
1886:(UNIR): Led by President
1710:All Progressives Congress
1439:Congolese Party of Labour
1414:: Paul Biya (RDPC) 71.28%
1325:Botswana Democratic Party
1254:
1226:Progressive Conservatives
1184:Progressive Federal Party
1144:African National Congress
1094:African National Congress
1048:
976:one-party dominant system
905:Ruling parties by country
878:National unity government
10941:Inverted totalitarianism
10813:Authoritarian capitalism
9776:10.1177/0951629820910563
9233:Thousand Hope Candidates
9225:People's Democracy Party
9123:
8366:Central African Republic
8231:House of Representatives
7782:Democratic Justice Party
7644:Communist Party of India
7611:Communist Party of India
7549:Indian National Congress
7431:from 2011 to 2016 (as a
7405:2024 Bangladesh protests
7403:'s resignation amid the
7156:Kingdom of Great Britain
7026:2015 Valencian elections
6913:2018 Andalusian election
6858:with 54.80% of the vote.
5714:2018 Armenian revolution
5588:ruled from 2007 to 2021.
5347:ruled from 1956 to 1986.
5321:Popular Democratic Party
4860:and his brief successor
4795:2015 provincial election
4521:continuously since 1995.
4484:continuously since 1987.
4404:Basque Nationalist Party
3207:Assembly of Turkmenistan
2785:Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah
2727:Liberal Democratic Party
2699:Prosperous Justice Party
2681:Prosperous Justice Party
2563:Cambodian People's Party
2455:: Led by Prime Minister
2095:House of Representatives
2089:has ruled the island of
1926:(NRM): Led by President
1836:(CCM): Led by President
1683:: SWAPO 112 of 121 seats
1327:(BDP): Led by President
1235:Province of Western Cape
1136:Indian National Congress
1086:representative democracy
915:Banned political parties
615:Leader of the Opposition
583:Leaders and organization
546:Parliamentary opposition
200:may contain suggestions.
185:may need to be rewritten
16:Not to be confused with
10992:Political party systems
10825:Authoritarian socialism
10158:BBC News Русская служба
9934:. BBC. October 26, 2014
9823:10.1111/1475-6765.12100
9460:Przeworski, A. (2000).
9305:(3): 136–153 (p. 148).
9272:(4): 133–149 (p. 136).
9158:ruled from 1933 to the
8962:Deakinite Liberal Party
8207:Sri Lanka Freedom Party
8183:Kilusang Bagong Lipunan
8112:(PAS). Defeated in the
8110:Parti Islam Se-Malaysia
7792:in power 1995–1997 and
7586:Sikkim Democratic Front
7469:Social Republican Party
7393:Hussain Muhammad Ershad
7332:
7236:Scottish National Party
6976:Extremaduran Government
6919:entered office, and in
6905:Parliament of Andalusia
6819:Social Democratic Party
6569:Italian Communist Party
6518:Italian Communist Party
6497:Italian Socialist Party
6480:Italian Communist Party
6380:Party of National Unity
6224:Bavarian People's Party
6094:: During the tenure of
5926:Catholic People's Party
5738:Austrian People's Party
5679:Fifth Republic Movement
5657:, between 1865 and 1959
5609:from 1964 to 1992. The
5301:ruled from 1857 to 1893
5171:from 1879 to 1899. The
5139:Costa Rica started its
5035:Democratic Labour Party
4568:Galician election, 2020
4276:Regional election, 2015
4272:(in Madeira): PSD 31.0%
4242:Social Democratic Party
4088:Regional election, 2015
3975:Regional election, 2015
3936:Regional election, 2018
3897:Regional election, 2020
3663:Austrian People's Party
3620:Austrian People's Party
3530:Austrian People's Party
3487:Austrian People's Party
3141:is headed by President
3114:: Bashar al-Assad 95.1%
3015:from 13 February 2017)
2984:since 26 October 2004)
2937:Parti Islam Se-Malaysia
2809:1977 Kelantan Emergency
2781:Parti Islam Se-Malaysia
2288:21st Century Curridabat
1741:Rwandan Patriotic Front
1420:: RDPC 139 of 180 seats
1285:José Eduardo dos Santos
992:natural governing party
982:(also referred to as a
10406:journalofdemocracy.org
9567:Cite journal requires
9152:Christian Social Party
8978:United Australia Party
8812:United Australia Party
8241:ousted Prime Minister
7648:All India Forward Bloc
7636:West Bengal Left Front
7615:All India Forward Bloc
7288:from its inception in
6753:Norwegian Labour Party
6356:between 1910 and 1918.
6354:National Party of Work
6106:(centre-right) or the
6018:, while its chairman,
5946:Christian Social Party
5866:Christian Social Party
5846:Christian Social Party
5826:Christian Social Party
5806:Christian Social Party
4845:principles of premier
4324:General election, 2019
4071:Centre-right coalition
3930:Centre-right coalition
3074:Tharman Shanmugaratnam
2995:: Mahmoud Abbas 62.52%
2879:Gabungan Parti Sarawak
2683:politicians since 2005
2613:Bharatiya Janata Party
2524:: Nicolás Maduro 67.8%
2506:: won 538 of 545 seats
2397:General election, 2021
2123:won every seat in the
1963:: NRM 293 of 426 seats
1884:Union for the Republic
1865:: CCM 252 of 367 seats
1714:Alliance for Democracy
1677:: SWAPO 63 of 96 seats
1346:: BDP 332 of 489 seats
1210:Christian Social Union
10689:Dominant-party system
10075:on September 10, 2015
10011:on September 4, 2015.
8833:Country Liberal Party
8653:All People's Congress
8560:presidential election
8203:United National Party
8062:Gabungan Rakyat Sabah
7385:military coup of 1975
7296:where it lost to the
7208:Ulster Unionist Party
7109:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
7048:Free Democratic Party
6941:Convergence and Union
6790:, during most of the
6603:Democrats of the Left
6552:Democrats of the Left
6412:became the Hungary's
6222:(until 1918) and the
5764:was dominated by the
5147:Non-Partisan Liberals
5027:Barbados Labour Party
4414:Basque election, 2020
4264:Local elections, 2013
4143:: In power since 2005
4073:: In power since 1994
3971:: In power since 2007
3932:: In power since 1994
3893:: In power since 2007
3724:Estonian Centre Party
3714:Estonian Reform Party
3707:Estonian Reform Party
3673:State election, 2021:
3630:State election, 2019:
3338:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
3197:Serdar Berdimuhamedow
3189:since August 18, 2013
3145:: In power since 1994
3076:won 70.4% of the vote
3047:People's Action Party
3001:Gaza Strip Government
2899:and its predecessor,
2859:and its predecessor,
2829:and its predecessor,
2399:: Daniel Ortega 75.9%
2355:National Action Party
2317:Dominica Labour Party
2133:2022 general election
2121:Barbados Labour Party
2081:Antigua & Barbuda
1939:"non-party Movement."
1905:: UNIR 59 of 91 seats
1681:Local elections, 2015
1535:Senate election, 2017
1454:: PCT 90 of 139 seats
1434:Republic of the Congo
1372:Évariste Ndayishimiye
1200:has been governed by
1190:Sub-national entities
1160:Ulster Unionist Party
972:dominant-party system
848:Confidence and supply
705:Leadership convention
556:Official party status
512:Entrepreneurial party
9498:on February 8, 2020.
9430:on February 8, 2020.
9423:(87). Archived from
9217:People's Labor Party
9098:Separation of powers
8964:(1909–1917) and the
8594:, from 1965 to 1980.
8420:Arab Socialist Union
8299:Abdelmadjid Tebboune
8136:National Unity Party
7910:that year's election
7788:in power 1990–1995,
7784:in power 1980–1990,
7780:in power 1962–1980,
7776:in power 1948–1960,
7770:Conservative parties
7506:and subsequently on
7022:Valencian Parliament
6024:President of Croatia
6002:, until it lost the
5766:Constitutional Party
5117:Legislative Assembly
5079:United Bermuda Party
5007:Antigua Labour Party
4968:) was known as the "
3587:State election, 2020
3540:State election, 2022
3497:State election, 2023
3491:Johanna Mikl-Leitner
3438:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
3425:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
3380:88.48% (endorsed by
3293:Salome Zourabichvili
3240:New Azerbaijan Party
3161:: 47 of 63 seats in
3072:: Former PAP member
2976:): Led by President
2970:West Bank Government
2491:Great Patriotic Pole
2004:Sahrawi constitution
1847:Civic election, 2014
1443:Denis Sassou-Nguesso
1344:Local election, 2019
1198:District of Columbia
1180:White South Africans
1115:political repression
853:Consensus government
843:Coalition government
635:Parliamentary leader
442:Classical radicalism
10876:Ecoauthoritarianism
10694:Illiberal democracy
10554:. November 20, 2022
10530:on August 15, 2017.
10244:Real Clear Politics
9588:"Political Control"
9522:33 (3), pp. 277–297
8887:Joh Bjelke-Petersen
8227:Thai Rak Thai Party
7796:in power 2008–2017.
7742:Israeli Labor Party
7553:parliament of India
7435:from 1988 to 2011).
7286:Scottish Parliament
7242:Scottish Parliament
7005:Valencian Community
6757:Government-in-exile
6468:Christian Democracy
6152:Eduard Shevardnadze
6048:National Landowners
6016:Chamber of Counties
5768:from 1871 to 1893.
5388:from 1829 to 1852.
5340:Trinidad and Tobago
5002:Antigua and Barbuda
4785:(often referred to
4562:Galician Government
4510:Community of Madrid
4254:Alberto João Jardim
4136:Self-declared state
3430:In power since 2002
3370:In power since 2003
3019:In power since 2007
2988:In power since 1994
2662:: Dominated by the
2462:In power since 2001
2329:In power since 2000
2210:Tarcísio de Freitas
1987:government in exile
1838:Samia Suluhu Hassan
1834:Chama Cha Mapinduzi
1797:since July 30, 2005
1791:Salva Kiir Mayardit
1486:Ismail Omar Guelleh
1231:Democratic Alliance
1140:first past the post
934:Politics portal
883:Rotation government
873:Minority government
868:Majority government
833:Parliamentary group
690:Leadership election
372:Christian democracy
10408:. January 19, 2012
9534:"Authoritarianism"
9352:"The Wonder Boy".
9113:Types of democracy
9088:Multi-party system
8827:Northern Territory
8762:from 1991 to 2011.
8454:from 1994 to 1996.
8333:from 1989 to 1996.
8243:Thaksin Shinawatra
8156:Nacionalista Party
8000:. Its predecessor
7822:Perikatan Nasional
7603:Tripura Left Front
7557:state legislatures
7475:from 1972 to 1975.
7181:Conservative Party
7119:which resulted in
6974:, in power in the
6709:Rally & Issues
6683:to 2013, when the
6649:Party of the Right
6418:single-party state
6386:from 1922 to 1944.
6384:Kingdom of Hungary
6078:from 1956 to 1982.
5675:Conservative Party
5613:from 1992 to 2015.
5480:from 1952 to 1964.
5406:Justicialist Party
5381:from 1874 to 1916.
5327:from 1949 to 1969.
5299:Conservative Party
5242:Conservative Party
5175:from 2004 to 2020.
5164:Dominican Republic
5085:from 1968 to 1998.
5037:from 1961 to 1976.
4560:, in power in the
4517:, in power in the
4480:, in power in the
4443:, in power in the
4436:Castilla-La Mancha
4406:, in power in the
4157:Vadim Krasnoselsky
4025:German Association
4015:German Association
3770:Minister-President
2951:from 1999 to 2004.
2949:Barisan Alternatif
2945:Perikatan Nasional
2801:Perikatan Nasional
2789:Barisan Alternatif
2627:Trinamool Congress
2625:: Since 2011, the
2611:: Since 1998, the
2046:Emmerson Mnangagwa
838:Divided government
732:Crossing the floor
678:Internal elections
650:Party spokesperson
561:Single-issue party
256:Political Spectrum
123:possibly contains
11002:Political systems
10979:
10978:
10931:Democracy indices
10623:Absolute monarchy
10508:978-0-230-39046-1
10498:Scottish Politics
10462:978-0-582-89431-0
9913:978-1-137-01170-1
9857:978-90-04-17811-3
9640:978-1-108-92494-8
9551:978-0-19-088019-4
9204:People's Alliance
8997:Western Australia
8966:Nationalist Party
8960:(1902–1909), the
8704:National Congress
8632:United Seychelles
8064:(GRS), after the
7708:dominated Iran's
7686:President Suharto
7488:Republic of China
7276:in Scotland from
7256:until it lost to
6677:Nationalist Party
6262:Saar Protectorate
6191:Baden-Württemberg
5633:from 1912 to 1936
5564:from 1900 to 1930
5061:from 1967 to 1992
4978:voter suppression
4408:Basque Government
4246:autonomous region
4084:: FI+LN+FdI 33.2%
3248:: 72 of 125 seats
2941:Gagasan Sejahtera
2797:Gagasan Sejahtera
2453:Unity Labor Party
2321:Roosevelt Skerrit
2269:Mayor of San Jose
2125:House of Assembly
2042:November 21, 2017
1789:Led by President
1746:Led by President
1654:Led by President
1611:Led by President
1527:Led by President
1517:Equatorial Guinea
1484:Led by President
1380:: CNDD-FDD 71.45%
1370:Led by President
1329:Mokgweetsi Masisi
1102:one-party systems
1063:majority boosting
1029:and cooperation.
1023:two-party systems
1015:consociationalism
968:
967:
814:
813:
630:Political faction
343:
342:
233:
232:
225:
215:
214:
189:quality standards
168:
167:
160:
125:original research
106:
105:
66:
11019:
11007:Authoritarianism
10830:Marxism–Leninism
10711:Managerial state
10594:
10587:
10580:
10571:
10570:
10564:
10563:
10561:
10559:
10538:
10532:
10531:
10526:. Archived from
10519:
10513:
10512:
10492:
10486:
10485:
10473:
10467:
10466:
10446:
10440:
10439:
10437:
10435:
10424:
10418:
10417:
10415:
10413:
10398:
10392:
10391:
10390:on June 4, 2014.
10386:. Archived from
10380:
10374:
10366:
10360:
10359:
10341:
10332:
10331:
10324:
10318:
10317:
10310:
10304:
10303:
10296:
10290:
10289:
10282:
10276:
10275:
10268:
10262:
10261:
10254:
10248:
10247:
10235:
10229:
10228:
10218:
10212:
10211:
10201:
10195:
10194:
10192:
10190:
10176:
10170:
10169:
10167:
10165:
10150:
10144:
10143:
10131:
10125:
10117:
10111:
10104:
10098:
10091:
10085:
10084:
10082:
10080:
10071:. Archived from
10065:
10059:
10058:
10051:
10045:
10042:
10036:
10033:
10027:
10026:
10020:
10012:
10007:. Archived from
9997:
9991:
9990:
9972:
9950:
9944:
9943:
9941:
9939:
9924:
9918:
9917:
9897:
9891:
9890:
9887:
9885:
9883:
9878:on April 1, 2012
9874:. Archived from
9868:
9862:
9861:
9841:
9835:
9834:
9802:
9796:
9795:
9755:
9749:
9748:
9708:
9702:
9701:
9683:
9659:
9653:
9652:
9624:
9618:
9617:
9607:
9583:
9577:
9576:
9570:
9565:
9563:
9555:
9529:
9523:
9513:
9500:
9499:
9497:
9482:
9472:
9466:
9465:
9457:
9451:
9450:
9438:
9432:
9431:
9429:
9414:
9404:
9398:
9397:
9395:
9393:
9378:
9372:
9371:
9349:
9343:
9342:
9340:
9338:
9323:
9317:
9316:
9314:
9290:
9284:
9283:
9281:
9257:
9240:
9213:
9207:
9200:
9191:
9172:
9163:
9156:Fatherland Front
9148:
9137:
9134:
9108:Two-party system
9083:Loyal opposition
9063:
9061:
9060:
9043:
9041:
9040:
9016:
9014:
9013:
8995:
8993:
8992:
8950:
8948:
8947:
8929:
8927:
8926:
8904:
8902:
8901:
8867:
8865:
8864:
8846:
8844:
8843:
8825:
8823:
8822:
8780:
8778:
8777:
8753:
8751:
8750:
8733:
8731:
8730:
8717:
8715:
8714:
8697:
8695:
8694:
8673:
8671:
8670:
8665:
8664:
8645:
8643:
8642:
8625:
8623:
8622:
8605:
8603:
8602:
8573:
8571:
8570:
8545:
8543:
8542:
8525:
8523:
8522:
8505:
8503:
8502:
8485:
8483:
8482:
8465:
8463:
8462:
8433:
8431:
8430:
8405:
8403:
8402:
8385:
8383:
8382:
8364:
8362:
8361:
8344:
8342:
8341:
8316:
8314:
8313:
8287:
8285:
8284:
8256:
8254:
8253:
8235:general election
8220:
8218:
8217:
8196:
8194:
8193:
8149:
8147:
8146:
8129:
8127:
8126:
8103:
8101:
8100:
8087:
8085:
8084:
8043:
8041:
8040:
8023:
8021:
8020:
7987:
7985:
7984:
7967:
7965:
7964:
7947:
7945:
7944:
7923:
7921:
7920:
7895:
7893:
7892:
7875:
7873:
7872:
7851:
7849:
7848:
7814:Barisan Nasional
7807:
7805:
7804:
7763:
7761:
7760:
7727:
7725:
7724:
7706:Iran Novin Party
7699:
7697:
7696:
7671:
7669:
7668:
7541:
7539:
7538:
7524:Legislative Yuan
7486:
7484:
7483:
7461:Norodom Sihanouk
7453:Democratic Party
7446:
7444:
7443:
7418:
7416:
7415:
7370:
7368:
7367:
7346:
7344:
7343:
7319:
7317:
7316:
7274:House of Commons
7250:House of Commons
7228:
7226:
7225:
7216:Northern Ireland
7203:Northern Ireland
7201:
7199:
7198:
7142:
7140:
7139:
7094:
7092:
7091:
7065:
7063:
7062:
7041:
7039:
7038:
7003:
7001:
7000:
6965:
6963:
6962:
6934:
6932:
6931:
6886:
6884:
6883:
6871:
6869:
6868:
6844:Anatoliy Bibilov
6833:
6831:
6830:
6800:reigning monarch
6778:
6776:
6775:
6746:
6744:
6743:
6722:
6720:
6719:
6702:
6700:
6699:
6689:general election
6670:
6668:
6667:
6638:
6636:
6635:
6618:
6616:
6615:
6596:
6579:
6562:
6545:
6528:
6511:
6490:
6472:Italian politics
6461:
6459:
6458:
6433:
6431:
6430:
6402:
6398:
6396:
6395:
6372:
6368:
6366:
6365:
6342:
6338:
6336:
6335:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6279:
6277:
6276:
6260:
6258:
6257:
6237:
6235:
6234:
6213:
6211:
6210:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6137:
6135:
6134:
6108:Parti Socialiste
6104:Les Républicains
6089:
6087:
6086:
6065:
6063:
6062:
6050:, and later the
6041:
6039:
6038:
5985:
5983:
5982:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5939:
5937:
5936:
5915:
5913:
5912:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5879:
5877:
5876:
5859:
5857:
5856:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5799:
5797:
5796:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5703:
5701:
5700:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5644:
5642:
5641:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5599:
5597:
5596:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5543:
5541:
5540:
5511:
5509:
5508:
5491:
5489:
5488:
5463:
5461:
5460:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5399:
5397:
5396:
5365:
5363:
5362:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5279:
5277:
5276:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5162:
5160:
5159:
5141:two-party system
5096:
5094:
5093:
5072:
5070:
5069:
5048:
5046:
5045:
5020:
5018:
5017:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4974:Democratic Party
4952:
4950:
4949:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4804:, to become the
4773:
4771:
4770:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4720:House of Commons
4707:
4705:
4704:
4681:House of Commons
4667:
4665:
4664:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4614:Party of Regions
4603:
4601:
4600:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4473:Castile and León
4471:
4469:
4468:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4364:Aleksandar Vučić
4338:
4336:
4335:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4078:Democratic Party
4064:
4062:
4061:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3969:Democratic Party
3962:
3960:
3959:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3891:Democratic Party
3884:
3882:
3881:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3301:mayors: 64 of 65
3270:
3268:
3267:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3187:Kasymguly Babaev
3176:
3174:
3173:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3040:
3038:
3037:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2827:Barisan Nasional
2821:
2819:
2818:
2805:Barisan Nasional
2775:
2773:
2772:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2544:Asia and Oceania
2480:
2478:
2477:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2290:has elected all
2282:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2027:
2025:
2024:
1999:: 53 of 53 Seats
1975:
1973:
1972:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1888:Faure Gnassingbé
1877:
1875:
1874:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1565:Prosperity Party
1558:
1556:
1555:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1220:since 1976, and
1218:Social Democrats
1164:Northern Ireland
1071:Plurality voting
1019:grand coalitions
960:
953:
946:
932:
931:
771:
770:
737:Party discipline
719:Party discipline
685:Primary election
541:Opposition party
452:Social democracy
387:Environmentalism
261:
260:
235:
234:
228:
221:
210:
207:
201:
178:
170:
163:
156:
152:
149:
143:
140:inline citations
116:
115:
108:
101:
98:
92:
85:factual accuracy
77:
76:
69:
58:
36:
35:
28:
11027:
11026:
11022:
11021:
11020:
11018:
11017:
11016:
10982:
10981:
10980:
10975:
10919:
10769:
10736:Socialist state
10721:One-party state
10640:Communist state
10611:
10598:
10568:
10567:
10557:
10555:
10540:
10539:
10535:
10520:
10516:
10509:
10493:
10489:
10482:Financial Times
10474:
10470:
10463:
10447:
10443:
10433:
10431:
10430:. June 10, 2021
10426:
10425:
10421:
10411:
10409:
10400:
10399:
10395:
10382:
10381:
10377:
10367:
10363:
10356:
10342:
10335:
10326:
10325:
10321:
10312:
10311:
10307:
10298:
10297:
10293:
10284:
10283:
10279:
10270:
10269:
10265:
10256:
10255:
10251:
10236:
10232:
10219:
10215:
10202:
10198:
10188:
10186:
10178:
10177:
10173:
10163:
10161:
10152:
10151:
10147:
10140:Sueddeutsche.de
10132:
10128:
10118:
10114:
10105:
10101:
10092:
10088:
10078:
10076:
10067:
10066:
10062:
10053:
10052:
10048:
10043:
10039:
10034:
10030:
10014:
10013:
10001:"Archived copy"
9999:
9998:
9994:
9970:10.1.1.410.9369
9951:
9947:
9937:
9935:
9926:
9925:
9921:
9914:
9898:
9894:
9888:
9881:
9879:
9870:
9869:
9865:
9858:
9842:
9838:
9803:
9799:
9756:
9752:
9709:
9705:
9660:
9656:
9641:
9625:
9621:
9584:
9580:
9568:
9566:
9557:
9556:
9552:
9530:
9526:
9514:
9503:
9495:
9480:
9473:
9469:
9458:
9454:
9443:Democratization
9439:
9435:
9427:
9412:
9405:
9401:
9391:
9389:
9379:
9375:
9364:
9351:
9350:
9346:
9336:
9334:
9325:
9324:
9320:
9291:
9287:
9258:
9254:
9249:
9244:
9243:
9214:
9210:
9201:
9194:
9178:(before 1924),
9173:
9166:
9149:
9140:
9135:
9131:
9126:
9079:
9058:
9056:
9038:
9036:
9011:
9009:
8990:
8988:
8945:
8943:
8924:
8922:
8906:South Australia
8899:
8897:
8862:
8860:
8848:New South Wales
8841:
8839:
8820:
8818:
8775:
8773:
8769:
8748:
8746:
8728:
8726:
8712:
8710:
8692:
8690:
8668:
8666:
8659:
8640:
8638:
8620:
8618:
8612:Socialist Party
8600:
8598:
8580:Rhodesian Front
8568:
8566:
8540:
8538:
8532:True Whig Party
8520:
8518:
8500:
8498:
8480:
8478:
8460:
8458:
8428:
8426:
8400:
8398:
8380:
8378:
8359:
8357:
8339:
8337:
8327:Blaise Compaoré
8311:
8309:
8282:
8280:
8276:
8251:
8249:
8215:
8213:
8191:
8189:
8144:
8142:
8131:Northern Cyprus
8124:
8122:
8098:
8096:
8082:
8080:
8074:Perikatan Sabah
8038:
8036:
8018:
8016:
8006:Pakatan Harapan
7982:
7980:
7962:
7960:
7954:Pakatan Harapan
7949:Negeri Sembilan
7942:
7940:
7918:
7916:
7890:
7888:
7870:
7868:
7846:
7844:
7838:Pakatan Harapan
7802:
7800:
7790:New Korea Party
7758:
7756:
7722:
7720:
7694:
7692:
7666:
7664:
7569:Biju Janata Dal
7536:
7534:
7500:one-party state
7481:
7479:
7441:
7439:
7413:
7411:
7365:
7363:
7341:
7339:
7335:
7314:
7312:
7268:Scottish Labour
7258:Scottish Labour
7223:
7221:
7196:
7194:
7137:
7135:
7089:
7087:
7076:Farmers' League
7060:
7058:
7052:Federal Council
7036:
7034:
6998:
6996:
6960:
6958:
6929:
6927:
6881:
6879:
6866:
6864:
6828:
6826:
6815:Socialist Party
6773:
6771:
6741:
6739:
6717:
6715:
6697:
6695:
6665:
6663:
6633:
6631:
6613:
6611:
6456:
6454:
6450:, coming third.
6428:
6426:
6420:in August 1949.
6393:
6391:
6363:
6361:
6333:
6331:
6317:
6315:
6295:
6293:
6274:
6272:
6255:
6253:
6232:
6230:
6208:
6206:
6184:
6182:
6160:
6158:
6148:Rose Revolution
6132:
6130:
6112:Emmanuel Macron
6084:
6082:
6060:
6058:
6036:
6034:
5980:
5978:
5960:
5958:
5934:
5932:
5910:
5908:
5890:
5888:
5874:
5872:
5854:
5852:
5834:
5832:
5814:
5812:
5794:
5792:
5774:
5772:
5757:Austria-Hungary
5750:
5748:
5726:
5724:
5698:
5696:
5692:
5663:
5661:
5639:
5637:
5619:
5617:
5594:
5592:
5570:
5568:
5538:
5536:
5506:
5504:
5486:
5484:
5458:
5456:
5438:
5436:
5414:
5412:
5394:
5392:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5333:
5331:
5309:
5307:
5274:
5272:
5254:
5252:
5230:
5228:
5181:
5179:
5157:
5155:
5133:Unity Coalition
5091:
5089:
5067:
5065:
5043:
5041:
5015:
5013:
4995:
4993:
4989:
4947:
4945:
4886:
4884:
4824:
4822:
4768:
4766:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4741:
4728:London Assembly
4702:
4700:
4662:
4660:
4644:
4642:
4629:Hennadiy Kernes
4598:
4596:
4585:
4583:
4546:
4544:
4503:
4501:
4466:
4464:
4429:
4427:
4392:
4390:
4379:
4377:
4333:
4331:
4293:
4291:
4231:
4229:
4218:
4216:
4204:: Dominates in
4185:Law and Justice
4168:
4166:
4124:
4122:
4111:
4109:
4059:
4057:
3999:
3997:
3957:
3955:
3918:
3916:
3879:
3877:
3866:
3864:
3818:
3816:
3787:
3785:
3776:; 37.2% in the
3750:
3748:
3737:
3735:
3696:
3694:
3651:
3649:
3608:
3606:
3561:
3559:
3518:
3516:
3475:
3473:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3407:
3405:
3365:Dmitry Medvedev
3347:
3345:
3308:
3306:
3265:
3263:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3171:
3169:
3127:
3125:
3103:Bashar al-Assad
3083:
3081:
3051:Lee Hsien Loong
3035:
3033:
2958:
2956:
2926:
2924:
2919:Pakatan Harapan
2915:Negeri Sembilan
2908:
2906:
2897:Pakatan Harapan
2886:
2884:
2868:
2866:
2857:Pakatan Harapan
2846:
2844:
2835:Pakatan Harapan
2816:
2814:
2770:
2768:
2757:
2755:
2715:
2713:
2688:
2686:
2671:
2669:
2653:
2651:
2640:
2638:
2597:
2595:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2475:
2473:
2457:Ralph Gonsalves
2441:
2439:
2415:
2413:
2368:
2366:
2342:
2340:
2325:Charles Savarin
2305:
2303:
2254:
2252:
2241:
2239:
2221:
2219:
2195:
2193:
2182:
2180:
2151:
2149:
2108:
2106:
2097:except for the
2074:
2072:
2069:
2022:
2020:
2008:one-party state
1983:Polisario Front
1970:
1968:
1955:Yoweri Museveni
1928:Yoweri Museveni
1912:
1910:
1872:
1870:
1822:
1820:
1772:
1770:
1729:
1727:
1693:
1691:
1637:
1635:
1594:
1592:
1553:
1551:
1510:
1508:
1467:
1465:
1427:
1425:
1387:
1385:
1353:
1351:
1313:
1311:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1243:
1127:electoral fraud
1090:Raymond Suttner
1051:
964:
926:
921:
920:
919:
899:
889:
888:
887:
863:Hung parliament
858:Grand coalition
827:
826:between parties
816:
815:
810:
801:
782:
768:
758:
757:
756:
752:Party switching
747:Party-line vote
727:Conscience vote
721:
711:
710:
709:
679:
671:
670:
669:
625:Minority leader
620:Majority leader
584:
576:
575:
574:
507:Catch-all party
481:
473:
472:
471:
356:
345:
344:
339:
314:
284:
258:
240:Politics series
229:
218:
217:
216:
211:
205:
202:
192:
179:
164:
153:
147:
144:
129:
117:
113:
102:
96:
93:
90:
82:This article's
78:
74:
37:
33:
24:
21:
18:One-party state
12:
11:
5:
11025:
11015:
11014:
11009:
11004:
10999:
10994:
10977:
10976:
10974:
10973:
10968:
10963:
10958:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10938:
10933:
10927:
10925:
10921:
10920:
10918:
10917:
10912:
10911:
10910:
10900:
10895:
10894:
10893:
10888:
10878:
10873:
10872:
10871:
10866:
10856:
10851:
10850:
10849:
10842:
10837:
10832:
10822:
10821:
10820:
10810:
10809:
10808:
10803:
10798:
10793:
10788:
10777:
10775:
10771:
10770:
10768:
10767:
10766:
10765:
10760:
10750:
10749:
10748:
10738:
10733:
10728:
10723:
10718:
10713:
10708:
10703:
10702:
10701:
10691:
10686:
10685:
10684:
10679:
10674:
10669:
10662:
10660:Constitutional
10657:
10647:
10642:
10637:
10636:
10635:
10625:
10619:
10617:
10613:
10612:
10597:
10596:
10589:
10582:
10574:
10566:
10565:
10533:
10514:
10507:
10487:
10468:
10461:
10441:
10419:
10393:
10375:
10361:
10354:
10333:
10319:
10305:
10291:
10277:
10263:
10249:
10238:Trende, Sean.
10230:
10213:
10196:
10180:"List of MLAs"
10171:
10145:
10126:
10112:
10099:
10086:
10060:
10046:
10037:
10028:
9992:
9963:(2): 313–333.
9945:
9919:
9912:
9892:
9863:
9856:
9836:
9817:(4): 623–638.
9797:
9770:(3): 460–493.
9750:
9703:
9674:(2): 526–540.
9654:
9639:
9619:
9598:(1): 155–174.
9578:
9569:|journal=
9550:
9524:
9501:
9467:
9452:
9433:
9419:(in Russian).
9399:
9373:
9362:
9344:
9318:
9285:
9251:
9250:
9248:
9245:
9242:
9241:
9208:
9206:(before 1989).
9192:
9164:
9138:
9128:
9127:
9125:
9122:
9121:
9120:
9115:
9110:
9105:
9103:Soft despotism
9100:
9095:
9093:Party of power
9090:
9085:
9078:
9075:
9074:
9073:
9053:
9033:
9032:
9031:
9006:
8985:
8980:(later as the
8940:
8919:
8894:
8879:National Party
8857:
8836:
8808:Robert Menzies
8804:Prime Minister
8796:National Party
8768:
8765:
8764:
8763:
8743:
8723:
8707:
8687:
8680:National Party
8656:
8635:
8615:
8595:
8563:
8558:(APC) won the
8535:
8515:
8495:
8475:
8455:
8423:
8395:
8375:
8354:
8334:
8306:
8275:
8272:
8271:
8270:
8246:
8210:
8186:
8139:
8119:
8118:
8117:
8093:
8077:
8070:Gagasan Rakyat
8033:
8013:
7977:
7957:
7937:
7913:
7885:
7865:
7797:
7753:
7746:Yom Kippur War
7717:
7689:
7682:Golongan Karya
7661:
7660:
7659:
7654:had ruled the
7626:
7621:had ruled the
7593:
7588:had ruled the
7576:
7571:had ruled the
7531:
7495:established a
7476:
7465:Khmer Republic
7436:
7433:military junta
7408:
7360:
7334:
7331:
7330:
7329:
7309:
7308:
7307:
7306:
7305:
7270:
7265:
7238:
7219:
7191:
7184:
7177:
7170:
7163:
7160:Whig supremacy
7154:dominated the
7144:United Kingdom
7132:
7121:massive purges
7084:
7055:
7031:
7030:
7029:
7014:People's Party
6993:
6992:
6991:
6985:
6979:
6956:
6924:
6917:People's Party
6861:
6860:
6859:
6840:United Ossetia
6824:
6823:
6822:
6803:
6768:
6736:
6712:
6692:
6660:
6628:
6608:
6607:
6606:
6589:
6572:
6555:
6547:Emilia-Romagna
6538:
6530:Emilia-Romagna
6521:
6513:Emilia-Romagna
6504:
6492:Emilia-Romagna
6451:
6423:
6422:
6421:
6387:
6357:
6312:
6311:
6310:
6290:
6269:
6250:
6227:
6203:
6155:
6127:
6079:
6055:
6031:
6000:SFR Yugoslavia
5975:
5955:
5954:
5953:
5922:Catholic Party
5905:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5901:
5885:
5869:
5849:
5829:
5809:
5789:
5721:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5686:
5658:
5651:Colorado Party
5634:
5614:
5589:
5565:
5558:National Party
5533:
5526:National Party
5501:
5481:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5450:
5449:
5433:
5409:
5382:
5353:
5350:
5349:
5348:
5328:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5296:
5269:
5266:National Party
5249:
5225:
5224:
5223:
5216:
5209:
5202:
5195:
5176:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5144:
5109:
5086:
5062:
5038:
5010:
4988:
4985:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4981:
4941:
4940:
4939:
4928:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4877:
4850:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4802:Wildrose Party
4798:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4716:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4677:
4655:
4654:
4651:United Kingdom
4640:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4571:
4565:
4558:People's Party
4539:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4528:
4522:
4515:People's Party
4499:
4498:
4497:
4491:
4485:
4478:People's Party
4462:
4461:
4460:
4454:
4448:
4425:
4424:
4423:
4417:
4411:
4399:Basque Country
4375:
4374:
4373:
4367:
4357:
4351:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4321:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4279:
4273:
4267:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4202:Civic Platform
4199:
4179:Poland A and B
4164:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4100:
4094:
4091:
4085:
4074:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4018:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3984:
3978:
3972:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3942:
3939:
3933:
3914:
3913:
3912:
3906:
3900:
3894:
3886:Emilia-Romagna
3862:
3861:
3860:
3854:
3848:
3845:prime minister
3837:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3764:(CSU): Led by
3733:
3732:
3731:
3721:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3667:Thomas Stelzer
3647:
3646:
3645:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3624:Markus Wallner
3604:
3603:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3584:
3577:Michael Ludwig
3557:
3556:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3494:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3441:
3431:
3428:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3378:Vladimir Putin
3371:
3368:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3331:
3322:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3296:
3286:
3280:
3277:Georgian Dream
3261:
3260:
3259:
3249:
3243:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3200:
3190:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3156:
3153:Emomali Rahmon
3146:
3143:Emomali Rahmon
3123:
3122:
3121:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3055:Prime Minister
3031:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3021:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2990:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2922:
2904:
2901:Pakatan Rakyat
2882:
2864:
2861:Pakatan Rakyat
2842:
2812:
2793:Pakatan Rakyat
2753:
2752:
2751:
2745:
2734:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2684:
2667:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2620:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2499:Nicolás Maduro
2471:
2470:
2469:
2463:
2460:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2428:Colorado Party
2411:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2330:
2327:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2276:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2232:Workers' Party
2217:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2014:Sahrawi people
2010:
2000:
1994:
1977:Western Sahara
1966:
1965:
1964:
1958:
1948:
1941:
1931:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1860:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1805:
1798:
1787:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1751:
1744:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1678:
1672:
1662:
1659:
1656:Nangolo Mbumba
1652:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1609:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1532:
1525:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1482:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1368:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1292:
1281:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1172:National Party
1123:gerrymandering
1079:gerrymandering
1050:
1047:
980:dominant party
966:
965:
963:
962:
955:
948:
940:
937:
936:
923:
922:
918:
917:
912:
907:
901:
900:
895:
894:
891:
890:
886:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
829:
828:
822:
821:
818:
817:
812:
811:
809:
808:
802:
800:
799:
794:
789:
787:Dominant-party
783:
781:
780:
774:
769:
764:
763:
760:
759:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
723:
722:
717:
716:
713:
712:
708:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
681:
680:
677:
676:
673:
672:
668:
667:
662:
660:Shadow cabinet
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
610:Lead candidate
607:
602:
597:
592:
586:
585:
582:
581:
578:
577:
573:
572:
563:
558:
553:
551:Party of power
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
483:
482:
479:
478:
475:
474:
470:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
417:Libertarianism
414:
409:
404:
402:Green politics
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
358:
357:
351:
350:
347:
346:
341:
340:
338:
337:
332:
326:
323:
322:
316:
315:
313:
312:
307:
305:Radical Centre
302:
296:
293:
292:
286:
285:
283:
282:
277:
271:
268:
267:
259:
254:
253:
250:
249:
247:Party politics
243:
242:
231:
230:
213:
212:
182:
180:
173:
166:
165:
120:
118:
111:
104:
103:
81:
79:
72:
67:
41:
40:
38:
31:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11024:
11013:
11012:Unitary state
11010:
11008:
11005:
11003:
11000:
10998:
10995:
10993:
10990:
10989:
10987:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10964:
10962:
10959:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10939:
10937:
10934:
10932:
10929:
10928:
10926:
10922:
10916:
10915:Shōwa Statism
10913:
10909:
10906:
10905:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10883:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10862:
10861:
10860:
10857:
10855:
10854:Caesaropapism
10852:
10848:
10847:
10843:
10841:
10838:
10836:
10833:
10831:
10828:
10827:
10826:
10823:
10819:
10816:
10815:
10814:
10811:
10807:
10804:
10802:
10799:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10783:
10782:
10779:
10778:
10776:
10772:
10764:
10761:
10759:
10756:
10755:
10754:
10751:
10747:
10746:Islamic state
10744:
10743:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10732:
10729:
10727:
10724:
10722:
10719:
10717:
10714:
10712:
10709:
10707:
10704:
10700:
10697:
10696:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10667:
10663:
10661:
10658:
10656:
10653:
10652:
10651:
10648:
10646:
10643:
10641:
10638:
10634:
10631:
10630:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10620:
10618:
10614:
10610:
10606:
10602:
10601:Authoritarian
10595:
10590:
10588:
10583:
10581:
10576:
10575:
10572:
10553:
10549:
10548:
10543:
10537:
10529:
10525:
10518:
10510:
10504:
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10491:
10483:
10479:
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10464:
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10445:
10429:
10423:
10407:
10403:
10397:
10389:
10385:
10379:
10372:
10371:
10365:
10357:
10355:9789631976281
10351:
10347:
10340:
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10323:
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10273:
10267:
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10217:
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10175:
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9962:
9958:
9957:
9949:
9933:
9929:
9923:
9915:
9909:
9905:
9904:
9896:
9877:
9873:
9867:
9859:
9853:
9849:
9848:
9840:
9832:
9828:
9824:
9820:
9816:
9812:
9808:
9801:
9793:
9789:
9785:
9781:
9777:
9773:
9769:
9765:
9761:
9754:
9746:
9742:
9738:
9734:
9730:
9726:
9722:
9718:
9714:
9707:
9699:
9695:
9691:
9687:
9682:
9677:
9673:
9669:
9665:
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9650:
9646:
9642:
9636:
9632:
9631:
9623:
9615:
9611:
9606:
9601:
9597:
9593:
9589:
9582:
9574:
9561:
9553:
9547:
9543:
9539:
9535:
9528:
9521:
9517:
9512:
9510:
9508:
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9490:
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9437:
9426:
9422:
9418:
9410:
9403:
9388:
9384:
9377:
9370:
9365:
9363:9780307743879
9359:
9355:
9348:
9332:
9328:
9322:
9313:
9308:
9304:
9300:
9296:
9289:
9280:
9275:
9271:
9267:
9263:
9256:
9252:
9238:
9234:
9230:
9226:
9222:
9218:
9212:
9205:
9199:
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9185:
9181:
9177:
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9133:
9129:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9109:
9106:
9104:
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9080:
9071:
9067:
9066:
9054:
9051:
9050:Liberal Party
9047:
9046:
9034:
9029:
9025:
9021:
9019:
9007:
9004:
9003:Liberal Party
9000:
8998:
8986:
8983:
8979:
8975:
8971:
8970:Country Party
8967:
8963:
8959:
8955:
8953:
8941:
8938:
8934:
8932:
8920:
8917:
8913:
8909:
8907:
8895:
8892:
8888:
8884:
8883:Liberal Party
8880:
8876:
8872:
8870:
8858:
8855:
8851:
8849:
8837:
8834:
8830:
8828:
8816:
8815:
8813:
8809:
8805:
8801:
8797:
8793:
8789:
8788:Liberal Party
8785:
8783:
8771:
8770:
8761:
8757:
8756:
8744:
8741:
8737:
8736:
8724:
8721:
8720:
8708:
8705:
8701:
8700:
8688:
8685:
8681:
8677:
8676:
8663:
8657:
8654:
8650:
8648:
8636:
8633:
8629:
8628:
8616:
8613:
8609:
8608:
8596:
8593:
8589:
8585:
8581:
8577:
8576:
8564:
8561:
8557:
8553:
8549:
8548:
8536:
8533:
8529:
8528:
8516:
8513:
8509:
8508:
8496:
8493:
8489:
8488:
8476:
8473:
8469:
8468:
8467:Guinea-Bissau
8456:
8453:
8449:
8445:
8441:
8437:
8436:
8424:
8421:
8417:
8413:
8409:
8408:
8396:
8393:
8389:
8388:
8376:
8373:
8369:
8367:
8355:
8352:
8348:
8347:
8335:
8332:
8328:
8324:
8320:
8319:
8307:
8304:
8300:
8296:
8292:
8290:
8278:
8277:
8268:
8264:
8260:
8259:
8247:
8244:
8240:
8236:
8233:. During the
8232:
8228:
8224:
8223:
8211:
8208:
8204:
8200:
8199:
8187:
8184:
8181:
8177:
8173:
8169:
8165:
8161:
8157:
8153:
8152:
8140:
8137:
8133:
8132:
8120:
8115:
8114:2018 election
8111:
8107:
8106:
8094:
8091:
8090:
8078:
8075:
8071:
8067:
8063:
8059:
8055:
8051:
8047:
8046:
8034:
8031:
8030:2022 election
8027:
8026:
8014:
8011:
8007:
8003:
7999:
7995:
7991:
7990:
7978:
7975:
7971:
7970:
7958:
7955:
7951:
7950:
7938:
7935:
7931:
7927:
7926:
7914:
7911:
7907:
7903:
7899:
7898:
7886:
7883:
7882:2018 election
7879:
7878:
7866:
7863:
7859:
7855:
7854:
7842:
7841:
7839:
7835:
7831:
7827:
7823:
7819:
7818:2018 election
7815:
7811:
7810:
7798:
7795:
7794:Saenuri Party
7791:
7787:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7771:
7767:
7766:
7754:
7751:
7750:1977 election
7747:
7743:
7739:
7735:
7731:
7730:
7718:
7715:
7711:
7707:
7703:
7702:
7690:
7687:
7683:
7679:
7675:
7674:
7662:
7657:
7653:
7649:
7645:
7641:
7637:
7633:
7631:
7627:
7624:
7620:
7616:
7612:
7608:
7604:
7600:
7598:
7594:
7591:
7587:
7583:
7581:
7577:
7574:
7570:
7566:
7565:
7561:
7560:
7558:
7554:
7550:
7546:
7544:
7532:
7529:
7525:
7521:
7517:
7513:
7509:
7505:
7501:
7498:
7494:
7490:
7489:
7477:
7474:
7470:
7466:
7462:
7458:
7454:
7450:
7449:
7437:
7434:
7430:
7426:
7422:
7421:
7409:
7406:
7402:
7401:Sheikh Hasina
7398:
7394:
7390:
7386:
7382:
7378:
7374:
7373:
7361:
7358:
7354:
7350:
7349:
7337:
7336:
7327:
7323:
7322:
7321:FR Yugoslavia
7310:
7303:
7299:
7295:
7294:2007 election
7291:
7287:
7283:
7279:
7275:
7271:
7269:
7266:
7263:
7259:
7255:
7251:
7247:
7243:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7220:
7217:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7204:
7192:
7189:
7185:
7182:
7178:
7175:
7174:Liberal Party
7171:
7168:
7164:
7161:
7157:
7153:
7149:
7148:
7146:
7145:
7133:
7130:
7126:
7122:
7118:
7114:
7110:
7106:
7102:
7098:
7097:
7085:
7081:
7080:Tage Erlander
7077:
7073:
7069:
7068:
7056:
7053:
7049:
7045:
7044:
7032:
7027:
7023:
7019:
7015:
7011:
7007:
7006:
6994:
6989:
6986:
6983:
6980:
6977:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6968:
6957:
6954:
6950:
6947:governed the
6946:
6942:
6938:
6937:
6925:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6911:). After the
6910:
6906:
6902:
6898:
6894:
6890:
6889:
6877:
6876:
6875:
6874:
6862:
6857:
6853:
6849:
6845:
6841:
6838:
6837:
6836:
6835:South Ossetia
6825:
6820:
6816:
6812:
6809:, Portugal's
6808:
6804:
6801:
6797:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6784:
6782:
6781:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6749:
6737:
6734:
6733:2020 election
6730:
6726:
6725:
6713:
6710:
6706:
6705:
6693:
6690:
6686:
6682:
6678:
6674:
6673:
6661:
6658:
6654:
6650:
6646:
6642:
6641:
6629:
6626:
6622:
6621:
6620:Liechtenstein
6609:
6604:
6600:
6599:
6595:
6590:
6587:
6583:
6582:
6578:
6573:
6570:
6566:
6565:
6561:
6556:
6553:
6549:
6548:
6544:
6539:
6536:
6532:
6531:
6527:
6522:
6519:
6515:
6514:
6510:
6505:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6493:
6489:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6477:
6473:
6469:
6465:
6464:
6452:
6449:
6445:
6441:
6437:
6436:
6424:
6419:
6415:
6411:
6407:
6403:
6401:
6388:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6371:
6358:
6355:
6351:
6350:Liberal Party
6347:
6343:
6341:
6328:
6327:
6326:
6325:
6313:
6308:
6304:
6303:
6291:
6287:
6283:
6282:
6270:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6251:
6248:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6228:
6225:
6221:
6217:
6216:
6204:
6201:
6197:
6193:
6192:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6168:
6156:
6154:, was ousted.
6153:
6149:
6145:
6141:
6140:
6128:
6125:
6121:
6120:Marine Le Pen
6117:
6113:
6109:
6105:
6101:
6097:
6093:
6092:
6080:
6077:
6076:Urho Kekkonen
6073:
6069:
6068:
6056:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6044:
6032:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6020:Franjo Tuđman
6017:
6013:
6009:
6005:
6004:parliamentary
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5988:
5976:
5973:
5969:
5968:
5956:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5942:
5930:
5929:
5927:
5923:
5919:
5918:
5906:
5899:
5898:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5870:
5867:
5863:
5862:
5850:
5847:
5843:
5842:
5830:
5827:
5823:
5822:
5821:Upper Austria
5810:
5807:
5803:
5802:
5801:Lower Austria
5790:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5763:
5759:
5758:
5746:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5734:
5722:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5706:
5694:
5693:
5684:
5680:
5676:
5672:
5671:
5659:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5647:
5635:
5632:
5631:Liberal Party
5628:
5627:
5615:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5602:
5590:
5587:
5586:PAIS Alliance
5583:
5579:
5578:
5566:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5550:Liberal Party
5547:
5546:
5534:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5519:
5515:
5514:
5502:
5499:
5495:
5494:
5482:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5470:Liberal Party
5467:
5466:
5454:
5447:
5446:
5434:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5422:
5410:
5407:
5403:
5402:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5386:Federal Party
5383:
5380:
5376:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5368:
5356:
5355:
5352:South America
5346:
5342:
5341:
5329:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5305:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5293:Somoza family
5290:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5270:
5267:
5263:
5262:
5250:
5247:
5246:Liberal Party
5243:
5239:
5238:
5226:
5221:
5217:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5203:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5177:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5165:
5153:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5138:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5118:
5114:
5110:
5107:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5075:
5063:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5051:
5039:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5023:
5011:
5008:
5004:
5003:
4991:
4990:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4954:United States
4942:
4937:
4933:
4932:Liberal Party
4929:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4882:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4820:
4815:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4748:
4747:
4744:North America
4729:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4715:
4714:London Labour
4712:
4711:
4710:
4699:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4659:
4658:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4641:
4634:
4630:
4627:
4623:
4620:, led by the
4619:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4595:
4594:
4593:
4582:
4575:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4500:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4474:
4463:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4426:
4421:
4418:
4415:
4412:
4409:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4400:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4376:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4349:Miloš Vučević
4346:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4330:
4326:. PDCS 33.35%
4325:
4322:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4290:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4165:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4108:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4056:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4007:
3996:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3954:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3915:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3863:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3815:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3784:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3734:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3693:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3658:Upper Austria
3648:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3605:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3558:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3515:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3482:Lower Austria
3472:
3471:
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3382:United Russia
3379:
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3359:United Russia
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3257:
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3225:
3224:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3185:is headed by
3184:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3168:
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3160:
3157:
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3150:
3147:
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3140:
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3119:
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3110:
3107:
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3080:
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3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2978:Mahmoud Abbas
2975:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2955:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2923:
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2898:
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2813:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
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2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2754:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2731:Fumio Kishida
2728:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2685:
2682:
2679:City: Led by
2678:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2624:
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2508:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2492:
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2484:
2483:
2472:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2412:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2384:Daniel Ortega
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2365:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2339:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2315:
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2313:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2105:
2100:
2099:2014 election
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2071:
2070:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2038:Robert Mugabe
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1909:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1857:John Magufuli
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1809:
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1803:
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1780:
1769:
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1726:
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1715:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1671:(SWAPO) 56.3%
1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1591:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1567:, previously
1566:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1550:
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1536:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1520:
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1507:
1502:
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1496:
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1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1464:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1424:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1384:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1350:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1310:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1289:João Lourenço
1286:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1259:
1258:
1247:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:majority rule
1046:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1006:-party system
1005:
999:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
961:
956:
954:
949:
947:
942:
941:
939:
938:
935:
930:
925:
924:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
898:
893:
892:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
830:
825:
820:
819:
807:
804:
803:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
784:
779:
776:
775:
773:
772:
767:
766:Party systems
762:
761:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
724:
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714:
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693:
691:
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686:
683:
682:
675:
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648:
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643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
587:
580:
579:
571:
570:International
567:
566:Transnational
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
484:
477:
476:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
447:Republicanism
445:
443:
440:
438:
437:Progressivism
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
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385:
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365:
363:
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359:
355:
349:
348:
336:
333:
331:
328:
327:
325:
324:
321:
318:
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311:
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288:
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272:
270:
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266:
263:
262:
257:
252:
251:
248:
245:
244:
241:
237:
236:
227:
224:
209:
206:February 2021
199:
195:
190:
186:
183:This article
181:
177:
172:
171:
162:
159:
151:
141:
137:
133:
127:
126:
121:This article
119:
110:
109:
100:
88:
86:
80:
71:
70:
65:
63:
56:
55:
50:
49:
44:
39:
30:
29:
26:
19:
10844:
10758:Majoritarian
10731:Police state
10699:Totalitarian
10688:
10664:
10650:Dictatorship
10605:totalitarian
10558:November 23,
10556:. Retrieved
10545:
10536:
10528:the original
10517:
10497:
10490:
10481:
10471:
10451:
10444:
10432:. Retrieved
10422:
10410:. Retrieved
10405:
10396:
10388:the original
10378:
10368:
10364:
10345:
10322:
10308:
10294:
10280:
10266:
10252:
10243:
10233:
10223:
10216:
10206:
10199:
10187:. Retrieved
10183:
10174:
10162:. Retrieved
10160:(in Russian)
10157:
10148:
10139:
10129:
10120:
10115:
10107:
10102:
10094:
10089:
10079:September 9,
10077:. Retrieved
10073:the original
10063:
10049:
10040:
10031:
10009:the original
10004:
9995:
9960:
9954:
9948:
9936:. Retrieved
9931:
9922:
9902:
9895:
9889:(in English)
9880:. Retrieved
9876:the original
9866:
9846:
9839:
9814:
9810:
9800:
9767:
9763:
9753:
9720:
9716:
9706:
9671:
9667:
9657:
9629:
9622:
9595:
9591:
9581:
9560:cite journal
9527:
9519:
9493:the original
9488:
9484:
9470:
9461:
9455:
9446:
9442:
9436:
9425:the original
9420:
9416:
9402:
9390:. Retrieved
9386:
9376:
9367:
9353:
9347:
9335:. Retrieved
9330:
9321:
9302:
9298:
9288:
9269:
9265:
9255:
9211:
9132:
9055:
9035:
9008:
8987:
8942:
8921:
8896:
8891:Bjelkemander
8859:
8838:
8817:
8772:
8745:
8725:
8709:
8689:
8675:South Africa
8658:
8647:Sierra Leone
8637:
8617:
8597:
8565:
8537:
8517:
8497:
8477:
8457:
8448:Yahya Jammeh
8425:
8397:
8377:
8356:
8336:
8318:Burkina Faso
8308:
8279:
8248:
8212:
8188:
8141:
8121:
8095:
8079:
8035:
8015:
7979:
7959:
7939:
7932:and won the
7915:
7887:
7867:
7860:and won the
7843:
7799:
7755:
7719:
7691:
7681:
7680:(acronym of
7663:
7628:
7595:
7578:
7562:
7555:and various
7533:
7496:
7478:
7438:
7410:
7397:Jatiya Party
7381:Awami League
7362:
7338:
7311:
7193:
7188:Labour Party
7134:
7086:
7057:
7040:
7033:
6995:
6926:
6878:
6863:
6770:
6761:World War II
6738:
6714:
6694:
6685:Labour Party
6662:
6630:
6610:
6591:
6574:
6557:
6540:
6523:
6506:
6485:
6453:
6444:Dáil Éireann
6438:: Ireland's
6425:
6413:
6389:
6359:
6329:
6314:
6292:
6271:
6265:
6252:
6247:Centre Party
6242:
6229:
6220:Centre Party
6205:
6181:
6176:West Germany
6157:
6129:
6100:Bonapartists
6096:Napoleon III
6081:
6072:Centre Party
6057:
6033:
6027:
6008:presidential
5977:
5957:
5931:
5907:
5887:
5871:
5851:
5831:
5811:
5791:
5771:
5747:
5723:
5695:
5660:
5636:
5616:
5591:
5567:
5535:
5530:Concertación
5522:Conservative
5503:
5483:
5455:
5435:
5411:
5391:
5357:
5330:
5306:
5271:
5251:
5227:
5178:
5154:
5088:
5064:
5040:
5012:
4992:
4962:Jim Crow era
4943:
4883:
4821:
4787:colloquially
4765:
4749:
4675:Welsh Labour
4266:: PSD 34.81%
4131:Transnistria
3847:(since 2010)
3841:Viktor Orbán
3766:Markus Söder
3534:Anton Mattle
3299:Municipality
3256:Ilham Aliyev
3178:Turkmenistan
3009:Yahya Sinwar
2695:West Sumatra
2660:Central Java
2534:
2265:Johnny Araya
1957:(NRM) 60.62%
1944:
1934:
1933:In power as
1859:(CCM) 58.46%
1849:: CCM 74.50%
1669:Hage Geingob
1613:Filipe Nyusi
1277:
1244:
1212:since 1957,
1188:
1148:South Africa
1119:
1106:electoralism
1100:contrast to
1098:
1083:
1075:wasted votes
1052:
1043:
1031:
1009:
1003:
997:
996:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
969:
806:Non-partisan
786:
645:Party leader
605:Frontbencher
600:Caucus chair
536:Ruling party
517:Ethnic party
497:Cartel party
382:Conservatism
330:Centre-Right
310:Centre-Right
238:Part of the
219:
203:
194:You can help
184:
154:
148:January 2021
145:
122:
97:January 2015
94:
83:
59:
52:
46:
45:Please help
42:
25:
10898:Imperialism
10864:Enlightened
10818:Pinochetism
10706:Mafia state
10677:Proletarian
10666:Dictablanda
10552:Astro Awani
10164:January 30,
9938:October 22,
9516:Suttner, R.
9392:December 5,
9337:December 5,
9045:New Zealand
9024:Labor Party
8937:Labor Party
8916:Labor Party
8875:Labor Party
8854:Labor Party
8487:Ivory Coast
8239:coup d'état
8160:Philippines
8151:Philippines
7765:South Korea
7630:West Bengal
7512:martial law
7353:Afghanistan
7348:Afghanistan
7043:Switzerland
6967:Extremadura
6953:Jordi Pujol
6848:Unity Party
6440:Fianna Fáil
6406:Ferenc Nagy
6376:Unity Party
5325:Puerto Rico
5316:Puerto Rico
5188:El Salvador
4970:Solid South
4966:Confederacy
4858:Mike Harris
4099:: CDX 48.1%
4049:: SVP 48.8%
4043:: SVP 48.0%
4006:South Tyrol
3947:: CDX 50.6%
3830:Fidesz–KDNP
3687:: ÖVP 35.1%
3681:: ÖVP 36.8%
3644:: ÖVP 36.6%
3638:: ÖVP 34.6%
3601:: SPÖ 30.3%
3595:: SPÖ 27.1%
3554:: ÖVP 45.8%
3548:: ÖVP 42.6%
3511:: ÖVP 42.3%
3505:: ÖVP 40.1%
2744:since 1999)
2623:West Bengal
2495:Hugo Chavez
2142:Mia Mottley
1779:South Sudan
1748:Paul Kagame
1718:Lagos State
1705:Lagos State
1027:competition
984:predominant
797:Multi-party
640:Party chair
590:Backbencher
526:Minor party
522:Major party
502:Competitive
492:Elite party
427:Nationalism
362:Agrarianism
300:Centre-Left
280:Centre-Left
10986:Categories
10936:Deep state
10796:Khomeinism
10774:Ideologies
10716:Ochlocracy
10682:Right-wing
10655:Benevolent
10609:government
10184:Pc Alberta
10005:www.un.org
9723:: 102497.
9649:1156414956
9247:References
9028:ACT Greens
8869:Queensland
8627:Seychelles
8435:The Gambia
8105:Terengganu
8058:UMNO Sabah
8008:after the
7710:parliament
7493:Kuomintang
7377:Bangladesh
7372:Bangladesh
7292:until the
6842:, lead by
6724:Montenegro
6640:Luxembourg
6470:dominated
6466:: Italy's
6346:Deák Party
5841:Vorarlberg
5445:Santa Cruz
5169:Blue Party
5098:Costa Rica
4905:presidency
4862:Ernie Eves
4847:Bill Davis
4300:San Marino
4256:served as
4189:Presidency
4141:Obnovlenie
4027:, part of
3989:: PD 29.6%
3983:: PD 52.5%
3911:: PD 28.1%
3905:: PD 36.1%
3615:Vorarlberg
3396:: 60 of 85
3315:Kazakhstan
3235:Azerbaijan
3134:Tajikistan
2933:Terengganu
2837:after the
2666:since 2003
2359:Guanajuato
2292:Curridabat
2284:Curridabat
2248:Costa Rica
1601:Mozambique
1573:Abiy Ahmed
1194:government
1176:Afrikaners
1168:Protestant
1110:opposition
1039:Kazakhstan
824:Coalitions
742:Party line
531:Mass party
487:Bloc party
462:Syncretism
422:Monarchism
412:Liberalism
354:Ideologies
320:Right-Wing
132:improve it
48:improve it
10997:Elections
10966:Strongman
10859:Despotism
10835:Stalinism
10791:Francoism
10786:Chiangism
10741:Theocracy
10726:Oligarchy
10628:Autocracy
10607:forms of
10189:April 18,
9965:CiteSeerX
9831:0304-4130
9784:0951-6298
9745:245164001
9737:0738-0593
9698:204450972
9690:0007-1234
9614:1094-2939
9520:Politikon
9160:Anschluss
8974:coalition
8794:with the
8792:Coalition
8782:Australia
8592:Ian Smith
8198:Sri Lanka
8170:, and on
8002:Perikatan
7830:Perikatan
7673:Indonesia
7083:majority.
6945:Catalonia
6936:Catalonia
6888:Andalusia
6811:President
6302:Thuringia
6116:En Marche
5670:Venezuela
5518:Pelucones
5476:(MNR) in
5379:Argentina
5377:(PAN) of
5367:Argentina
5281:Nicaragua
5237:Guatemala
5135:into the
4944:Southern
4936:Porfirist
4870:Doug Ford
4854:Blue Tory
4633:elections
3665:: Led by
3622:: Led by
3575:: Led by
3532:: Led by
3489:: Led by
3394:Governors
3042:Singapore
2935:: Led by
2917:: Led by
2895:: Led by
2877:: Led by
2855:: Led by
2831:Perikatan
2825:: Led by
2779:: Led by
2738:1955–1993
2736:In power
2647:Indonesia
2482:Venezuela
2382:: Led by
2375:Nicaragua
2319:: Led by
2202:São Paulo
2173:Luis Arce
1608:(FRELIMO)
1403:Paul Biya
1202:Democrats
1162:governed
1152:apartheid
1132:Emergency
988:hegemonic
792:Two-party
778:One-party
695:Open list
655:Secretary
467:Third Way
457:Socialism
377:Communism
367:Anarchism
335:Far-Right
265:Left-Wing
198:talk page
136:verifying
54:talk page
10924:See also
10801:Putinism
10672:Military
10434:April 8,
10017:cite web
9987:17134713
9932:BBC News
9882:April 1,
9792:13901166
9485:Politeia
9417:Politeia
9299:Politeia
9266:Politeia
9118:Uniparty
9077:See also
8952:Victoria
8931:Tasmania
8719:Tanzania
8588:Zimbabwe
8584:Rhodesia
8575:Rhodesia
8562:in 2015.
8222:Thailand
8089:Selangor
7897:Kelantan
7809:Malaysia
7650:and the
7617:and the
7497:de facto
7448:Cambodia
7230:Scotland
6780:Portugal
6414:de facto
6378:and the
6281:Saarland
6028:de facto
6026:under a
6014:and the
5967:Bulgaria
5948:and the
5941:Flanders
5881:Salzburg
5716:and the
5626:Paraguay
5554:Colombia
5545:Colombia
5401:San Luis
5261:Honduras
5031:Barbados
5022:Barbados
4925:Coahuila
4921:congress
4876:as well.
4856:premier
4843:Red Tory
4366:, 60.01%
4225:Portugal
3925:Lombardy
2893:Selangor
2777:Kelantan
2764:Malaysia
2558:Cambodia
2535:de facto
2432:Paraguay
2422:Paraguay
2312:Dominica
2267:was the
2261:San José
2115:Barbados
2067:Americas
2029:Zimbabwe
1935:de facto
1829:Tanzania
1560:Ethiopia
1474:Djibouti
1394:Cameroon
1320:Botswana
1158:and the
1010:de facto
998:Dominant
432:Populism
407:Islamism
397:Feminism
275:Far-Left
10961:Statism
10881:Fascism
10753:Tyranny
10633:Tsarist
10547:Bernama
10412:May 30,
8767:Oceania
8735:Tunisia
8607:Senegal
8547:Nigeria
8527:Liberia
8346:Burundi
8289:Algeria
8174:. From
8158:in the
8050:BERJAYA
7974:Gerakan
7906:BERJASA
7714:cabinet
7597:Tripura
7518:in the
7502:in the
7473:Lon Nol
7457:Sangkum
6759:during
6653:in 1964
6598:Tuscany
6581:Tuscany
6564:Tuscany
6501:Fascism
6435:Ireland
6400:Hungary
6370:Hungary
6340:Hungary
6324:Hungary
6215:Bavaria
6167:Germany
6139:Georgia
6067:Finland
6043:Denmark
5987:Croatia
5917:Belgium
5733:Austria
5705:Armenia
5655:Uruguay
5646:Uruguay
5577:Ecuador
5478:Bolivia
5465:Bolivia
5421:Neuquén
5291:of the
5083:Bermuda
5074:Bermuda
5059:Bahamas
5057:in the
5050:Bahamas
5029:in the
4831:Ontario
4775:Alberta
4626:Kharkiv
4605:Kharkiv
4592:Ukraine
4553:Galicia
4250:Madeira
4238:Madeira
4118:Moldova
4080:in the
3964:Tuscany
3839:Led by
3825:Hungary
3757:Bavaria
3744:Germany
3728:Tallinn
3703:Estonia
3469:Austria
3423:Led by
3363:Led by
3329:Majilis
3272:Georgia
3221:Eurasia
2875:Sarawak
2742:Komeito
2609:Gujarat
2567:Hun Sen
2512:: 52.7%
2497:, then
2388:Managua
2158:Bolivia
2127:in the
2091:Barbuda
1989:of the
1945:de jure
1943:Became
1700:Nigeria
1651:(SWAPO)
1644:Namibia
1360:Burundi
1224:by the
1222:Alberta
1216:by the
1214:Madeira
1208:by the
1206:Bavaria
1196:of the
392:Fascism
130:Please
10903:Nazism
10840:Maoism
10806:Ziaism
10505:
10459:
10352:
9985:
9967:
9910:
9854:
9829:
9790:
9782:
9743:
9735:
9696:
9688:
9647:
9637:
9612:
9548:
9387:Nikkei
9369:argue.
9360:
9219:(with
9068:: The
9062:
9048:: The
9042:
9015:
8994:
8949:
8928:
8903:
8866:
8845:
8824:
8779:
8758:: The
8755:Zambia
8752:
8738:: The
8732:
8716:
8696:
8678:: The
8672:
8644:
8624:
8610:: The
8604:
8578:: The
8572:
8544:
8524:
8510:: The
8504:
8484:
8464:
8446:under
8438:: The
8432:
8410:: The
8404:
8384:
8363:
8343:
8321:: The
8315:
8286:
8274:Africa
8255:
8225:: The
8219:
8201:: The
8195:
8154:: The
8148:
8134:: The
8128:
8102:
8086:
8042:
8025:Perlis
8022:
7986:
7969:Penang
7966:
7946:
7925:Melaka
7922:
7894:
7874:
7850:
7806:
7762:
7729:Israel
7726:
7704:: The
7698:
7678:Golkar
7676:: The
7670:
7642:, the
7609:, the
7580:Sikkim
7567:: The
7564:Odisha
7540:
7526:until
7508:Taiwan
7491:: The
7485:
7451:: The
7445:
7423:: The
7417:
7395:, the
7387:, the
7379:, the
7369:
7355:, the
7345:
7324:: The
7318:
7244:since
7227:
7206:: The
7200:
7167:Tories
7141:
7101:Turkey
7096:Turkey
7093:
7070:: The
7067:Sweden
7064:
7008:: The
7002:
6964:
6939:: The
6933:
6893:PSOE-A
6891:: The
6885:
6870:
6832:
6777:
6765:Norway
6751:: The
6748:Norway
6745:
6727:: The
6721:
6704:Monaco
6701:
6675:: The
6669:
6643:: The
6637:
6623:: The
6617:
6601:: The
6584:: The
6567:: The
6550:: The
6533:: The
6516:: The
6495:: The
6460:
6432:
6397:
6374:: The
6367:
6344:: The
6337:
6321:
6299:
6289:46.4%.
6284:: The
6278:
6259:
6245:: The
6236:
6212:
6194:: The
6188:
6174:ruled
6170:: The
6164:
6142:: The
6136:
6091:France
6088:
6064:
6046:: The
6040:
6022:, was
5990:: The
5984:
5964:
5944:: The
5938:
5920:: The
5914:
5897:Styria
5894:
5878:
5864:: The
5858:
5844:: The
5838:
5824:: The
5818:
5804:: The
5798:
5784:: The
5781:Vienna
5778:
5760:: The
5754:
5736:: The
5730:
5708:: The
5702:
5690:Europe
5667:
5649:: The
5643:
5623:
5601:Guyana
5598:
5574:
5560:, and
5548:: The
5542:
5510:
5496:: The
5493:Brazil
5490:
5462:
5442:
5418:
5398:
5364:
5337:
5319:: The
5313:
5278:
5264:: The
5258:
5240:: The
5234:
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5161:
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5077:: The
5071:
5053:: The
5047:
5025:: The
5019:
5005:: The
4999:
4951:
4917:states
4893:Mexico
4890:
4868:under
4828:
4772:
4759:Canada
4756:
4709:London
4706:
4689:Senedd
4666:
4648:
4602:
4589:
4550:
4507:
4470:
4433:
4396:
4383:
4340:Serbia
4337:
4297:
4240:: the
4235:
4222:
4206:Warsaw
4195:since
4175:Poland
4172:
4128:
4115:
4066:Veneto
4063:
4003:
3961:
3922:
3883:
3870:
3822:
3794:Saxony
3791:
3754:
3741:
3705:: The
3700:
3655:
3612:
3568:Vienna
3565:
3522:
3479:
3466:
3455:Europe
3440:52.18%
3414:Turkey
3411:
3354:Russia
3351:
3340:81.31%
3320:Amanat
3312:
3269:
3258:92.12%
3232:
3199:72.97%
3175:
3155:92.08%
3131:
3087:
3039:
2962:
2930:
2912:
2890:
2872:
2853:Penang
2850:
2823:Pahang
2820:
2774:
2761:
2719:
2697:: The
2692:
2657:
2644:
2601:
2555:
2479:
2445:
2419:
2372:
2349:Mexico
2346:
2309:
2258:
2245:
2230:: the
2225:
2199:
2189:Brazil
2186:
2155:
2112:
2078:
2026:
1974:
1919:Uganda
1916:
1876:
1826:
1786:(SPLM)
1776:
1736:Rwanda
1733:
1697:
1641:
1598:
1557:
1514:
1471:
1431:
1391:
1357:
1317:
1269:Angola
1266:
1255:Africa
1049:Theory
1035:Amanat
595:Caucus
352:Major
290:Centre
196:. The
10846:Juche
10616:Forms
9983:S2CID
9788:S2CID
9741:S2CID
9694:S2CID
9496:(PDF)
9481:(PDF)
9449:(21).
9428:(PDF)
9413:(PDF)
9162:1938.
9124:Notes
9065:Samoa
8699:Sudan
8586:(now
8507:Kenya
8416:Egypt
8407:Egypt
8258:Yemen
8045:Sabah
7989:Perak
7877:Kedah
7853:Johor
7734:Mapai
7543:India
7420:Burma
7375:: In
7351:: In
7152:Whigs
7099:: In
6873:Spain
6805:As a
6672:Malta
6463:Italy
6052:Højre
5861:Tyrol
5513:Chile
4907:from
4669:Wales
4622:mayor
4386:Spain
3873:Italy
3718:Tartu
3581:mayor
3525:Tyrol
3090:Syria
3005:Hamas
2974:Fatah
2722:Japan
2677:Depok
2604:India
2228:Bahia
1743:(RPF)
974:, or
480:Types
10869:Soft
10763:Soft
10603:and
10560:2022
10503:ISBN
10457:ISBN
10436:2022
10414:2015
10350:ISBN
10191:2013
10166:2024
10081:2015
10023:link
9940:2015
9908:ISBN
9884:2012
9852:ISBN
9827:ISSN
9780:ISSN
9733:ISSN
9686:ISSN
9645:OCLC
9635:ISBN
9610:ISSN
9573:help
9546:ISBN
9394:2022
9358:ISBN
9339:2022
9235:and
9186:and
9022:The
9001:The
8956:The
8935:The
8910:The
8873:The
8852:The
8831:The
8806:was
8786:The
8651:The
8452:coup
8387:Chad
8370:the
8293:The
8180:1986
8176:1978
8172:1945
8168:1941
8164:1916
7701:Iran
7634:The
7601:The
7584:The
7547:The
7528:2016
7467:the
7333:Asia
7302:2024
7290:1999
7282:2015
7278:1964
7262:2024
7254:2015
7246:2007
7186:The
7179:The
7172:The
7165:The
7150:The
6921:2022
6909:2012
6897:PSOE
6786:The
6681:1988
6657:1974
6655:and
6239:Saar
6200:2016
6006:and
5996:1990
5972:GERB
5605:The
5384:The
5373:The
5287:The
5218:The
5211:The
5204:The
5197:The
5129:1978
5127:and
5125:1966
5121:1958
5111:The
5104:The
4930:The
4913:2000
4909:1929
4899:The
4874:2022
4866:2018
4837:The
4814:2023
4810:2019
4791:1971
4781:The
4724:1997
4693:1999
4685:1922
4318:1920
4304:The
4210:2023
4197:2015
4191:and
2707:2020
2705:and
2703:2015
2489:led
2426:The
2380:FSLN
2353:The
2323:and
2296:2002
2214:2022
2131:and
2129:2018
2119:The
2085:The
1981:The
1879:Togo
1130:pre-
1057:for
1021:and
665:Whip
10908:Neo
10891:Neo
10886:Eco
9975:doi
9819:doi
9772:doi
9725:doi
9676:doi
9600:doi
9538:doi
9307:doi
9274:doi
9223:),
9221:SHP
9184:PDS
9180:PCI
9176:PSI
8582:in
8414:of
8178:to
8054:PBS
7298:SNP
7280:to
7260:in
7214:of
6114:of
5653:of
5552:of
5524:to
5520:to
5323:in
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4624:of
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4031:80%
2982:PLO
2430:of
2212:in
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