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In order to provide optimal performance, pigment particles must act independently of each other in the coating film and thus must remain well dispersed throughout manufacture, storage, application, and film formation. Unfortunately, colloidal dispersions such as the pigment dispersions in liquid
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The use of surface and subsea dispersants during the BP Deepwater
Horizon oil spill (Working Paper). Washington, DC, USA: National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling. Published 2011. Available from:
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contain both detergents and dispersants. Metallic-based detergents prevent the accumulation of varnish like deposits on the cylinder walls. They also neutralize acids. Dispersants maintain contaminants in suspension.
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formulations to lower the use of water while retaining the needed slump (flow) property. A lower water content makes the concrete stronger and more impervious to water penetration.
284:. Then effectively spread throughout a larger volume of water than the surface from where the oil was dispersed. They can also delay the formation of persistent
288:. However, laboratory experiments showed that dispersants increased toxic hydrocarbon levels in fish by a factor of up to 100 and may kill fish eggs.
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in 1989, though its use was discontinued as there was not enough wave action to mix the dispersant with the oil in the water. During the
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manufacture, to reduce the amount of water used. The lower water usage allows lower energy use to dry the wallboard.
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295:) over one thousand square miles of sea. The same dispersant was also used in an attempt to clean up the
86:, used to create homogeneous mixtures of immiscible liquids like water and oil. Natural suspensions like
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in some applications). Laundry detergents encase dirt and grime in miscelles, which naturally disperse.
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Dispersant
Corexit 9527 was for example used to disperse an oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico in 1979 (
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Substance added to suspensions to increase separation of particles, to prevent settling or clumping
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218:. Clay dispersants prevent formation of "fish-eye" globules. For dispersing (emulsification) of
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Dispersants are widely used to stabilize various industrial and artisanal products, such as
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by keeping them finely dispersed. They function in both aqueous and nonaqueous media.
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469:. International Tanker Operators Pollution Federation Limited. Archived from
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into another medium. This term is often applied incorrectly to clay
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dispersing agents are added to process liquids to prevent unwanted
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43:) to improve the separation of the particles and to prevent their
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Pirrung, Frank O.H.; Quednau, Peter H.; Auschra, Clemens (2002).
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are inherently unstable, and they must be stabilized against the
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234:(HLB) number can be used. For foam drilling fluids, synthetic
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Gypsum wallboard, and method of making same - Patent 5879446
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9500 and 9527 were used (approximately 7 million liters).
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in industrial processes. It is also possible to disperse
518:"Ixtoc I: A Case Study of the World's Largest Oil Spill"
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Similarly, dispersants are used as plasticizers in the
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of solid or liquid particles in a liquid (such as a
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303:in 2010, unprecedented amounts of the dispersants
453:. Freepatentsonline.com. Retrieved on 2010-10-27.
70:, used to improve the workability of pastes like
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246:, to disperse foam bubbles into the air or gas.
182:Dispersing is the principal goal in the use of
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496:Journal Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
492:"Spill Response - Dispersants Kill Fish Eggs"
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127:Dispersants are used to prevent formation of
268:large amounts of certain oil types from the
94:contain substances that act as dispersants.
405:CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry
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441:. Fhwa.dot.gov. Retrieved on 2010-10-27.
119:prevent the buildup of gummy residues.
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516:Jernelöv, Arne; Lindén, Olof (1981).
260:Dispersants can be used to dissipate
139:slime and increase the efficiency of
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590:Oil spill remediation technologies
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557:https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo184
600:Heterogeneous chemical mixtures
401:"Wetting and Dispersing Agents"
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467:"Spill Response - Dispersants"
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230:selected on the basis of
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286:oil-in-water emulsions
226:(or water into oils),
242:are used, along with
210:as fine particles or
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31:, that is added to a
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264:. They may rapidly
202:aid in breaking up
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98:Applications
64:plasticizers
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350:Plasticizer
270:sea surface
228:surfactants
188:emulsifiers
109:engine oils
107:Automotive
56:ferrofluids
569:Categories
502:2010-05-21
477:2010-05-03
386:References
365:Surfactant
262:oil slicks
236:detergents
184:detergents
178:Detergents
129:biofouling
103:Automotive
84:emulsifier
33:suspension
29:surfactant
21:dispersant
534:0044-7447
360:Detergent
250:Oil spill
172:wallboard
137:bacterial
80:detergent
595:Solvents
435:Archived
344:See also
334:coatings
321:deposits
278:micelles
266:disperse
244:polymers
212:droplets
161:concrete
141:biocides
133:biofilms
117:gasoline
72:concrete
45:settling
41:emulsion
580:Fouling
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315:In the
305:Corexit
282:diluted
208:liquids
37:colloid
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204:solids
168:gypsum
62:. The
58:, and
52:paints
538:JSTOR
522:Ambio
293:Ixtoc
240:soaps
224:water
222:into
92:latex
23:or a
530:ISSN
238:and
90:and
88:milk
76:clay
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220:oil
206:or
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