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properties (such as which points are closer) of the diagram can be mapped to properties of the thing that a diagram represents. On the other hand, the representation of an object in a diagram may be overly specific and properties that are true in the diagram may not be true for the object the diagram
231:
Or in Hall's (1996) words "diagrams are simplified figures, caricatures in a way, intended to convey essential meaning". These simplified figures are often based on a set of rules. The basic shape according to White (1984) can be characterized in terms of "elegance, clarity, ease, pattern,
251:. Structural similarity can be defined in terms of a mapping between parts of the diagram and parts of what the diagram represents and the properties of this mapping, such as maintaining relations between these parts and facts about these relations. This is related to the concept of
297:
or conceptual diagrams, which take a collection of items and relationships between them, and express them by giving each item a 2D position, while the relationships are expressed as connections between the items or overlaps between the items, for
169:
are all examples of diagrams, whereas photographs and video are not". On the other hand, Lowe (1993) defined diagrams as specifically "abstract graphic portrayals of the subject matter they represent".
1023:
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is the academic study of diagrams. Scholars note that while a diagram may look similar to the thing that it represents, this is not necessary. Rather a diagram may only have
1882:
Bert S. Hall (1996). "The
Didactic and the Elegant: Some Thoughts on Scientific and Technological Illustrations in the Middle Ages and Renaissance". in: B. Braigie (ed.)
142:
In science the term is used in both ways. For example, Anderson (1997) stated more generally: "diagrams are pictorial, yet abstract, representations of information, and
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simplicity, and validity". Elegance is basically determined by whether or not the diagram is "the simplest and most fitting solution to a problem".
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127: : This is the genre that shows qualitative data with shapes that are connected by lines, arrows, or other visual links.
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1823:
Lowe, Richard K. (1993). "Diagrammatic information: techniques for exploring its mental representation and processing".
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117:", "diagram" is used as a collective term standing for the whole class of technical genres, including
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1385:– represents material, energy or cost flows with quantity proportional arrows in a process network
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Picturing knowledge: historical and philosophical problems concerning the use of art in science
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Diagrams may also be classified according to use or purpose, for example, explanatory and/or
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Quantitative diagrams, which display a relationship between two variables that take either
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Many of these types of diagrams are commonly generated using diagramming software such as
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1489:– a graphical notation used in diagrams of biochemical and cellular processes studied in
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The term "diagram" in its commonly used sense can have a general or specific meaning:
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Theory and
Application of Diagrams: First International Conference, Diagrams 2000
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1140:– used for learning, brainstorming, memory, visual thinking and problem solving
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1698: – Libraries for creating diagrams and other data visualization
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1749:. In Blair, Ann; Duguid, Paul; Goeing, Anja-Silvia; Grafton, Anthony (eds.).
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representations of information". The essence of a diagram can be seen as:
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represents. A diagram may act as a means of cognitive extension allowing
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Michael
Anderson (1997). "Introduction to Diagrammatic Reasoning", at
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to take place on the diagram based on which constraints are similar.
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Symbolic representation of information using visualization techniques
1661: – Gallery of many diagram types at Wikimedia Commons
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212:(numerical data), but rather relationships and abstract information
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Thousands of diagram techniques exist. Some more examples follow:
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2035:(website provided by the Oslo School of Architecture and Design)
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techniques. Diagrams have been used since prehistoric times on
1989:
Michael
Anderson, Peter Cheng, Volker Haarslev (Eds.) (2000).
1447:– structured systems analysis and design methodology (used in
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1993:. Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, September 1–3, 2000. Proceedings.
1709: – Visual representation of a mathematical relationship
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are used for state machines in software engineering from
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1900:
Using charts and graphs: 1000 ideas for visual persuasion
143:
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In the specific sense diagrams and charts contrast with
1679: – reasoning by the mean of visual representations
1860:
Visualizing technical information: a cultural critique
1289:(evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms)
1681:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
285:
There are at least the following types of diagrams:
1418:– specification and description Language. SDL is a
973:– shows the timing of tasks or activities (used in
913:– a diagram of a received telecommunications signal
247:to what it represents, an idea often attributed to
1897:
2932:
2054:
1935:Studies in Diagrammatology and Diagram Praxis
1932:Pombo, Olga; Gerner, Alexander, eds. (2010).
1480:used in software engineering to represent a
1301:used to present solid/liquid/gas information
1931:
1886:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p.9
274:
2061:
2047:
2011:. Common Ground Research Networks. 2022.
1975:. New York: Watson-Guptill Publications.
1721: – Graphical technique for data sets
618:
485:and other types of diagrams, for example:
77:onto a two-dimensional surface. The word
1970:
1854:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1667: – Graphical representation of data
219:such as geometrical shapes connected by
130:
94:
65:, but became more prevalent during the
14:
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1173:or structogram – a representation for
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1673: – Visual representation of data
1554:– Unified Modeling Language (used in
1927:
1925:
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1822:
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623:
1803:
1751:Information: A Historical Companion
185:, by showing "abstract rather than
24:
1964:
1671:Data and information visualization
1487:Systems Biology Graphical Notation
1293:Piping and instrumentation diagram
235:
69:. Sometimes, the technique uses a
25:
2962:
2026:
1918:
281:Commons:Category:Diagrams by type
1938:. London: College Publications.
1862:. Amityville, N.Y: Baywood Pub.
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121:, technical drawings and tables.
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125:specific kind of visual display
1889:
1738:
1659:commons:Specific diagram types
731:Chord diagram (disambiguation)
590:Schematic diagram of the same.
13:
1:
2085:Biological data visualization
1745:Eddy, Matthew Daniel (2021).
1731:
1696:JavaScript graphics libraries
388:range of values; for example:
1998:The Diagrams of Architecture
1044:Interaction overview diagram
1024:Internal block diagram (IBD)
476:
73:visualization which is then
7:
1652:
1271:– shows the structure of a
1144:Minkowski spacetime diagram
895:Entity-relationship diagram
792:Composite structure diagram
177:, technical illustrations,
90:
10:
2967:
2125:Mathematical visualization
1825:Information Design Journal
1755:Princeton University Press
1715: – Graphics languages
1506:Systematic layout planning
901:Event-driven process chain
821:Cross functional flowchart
288:
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2120:Information visualization
2105:Educational visualization
2077:
1996:Garcia, M. (ed.), (2012)
1971:Bounford, Trevor (2000).
1702:List of graphical methods
1330:Program structure diagram
1227:– also known as "stacked
1171:Nassi–Shneiderman diagram
1149:Molecular orbital diagram
555:Three-dimensional diagram
111:visual information device
2296:Charles-René de Fourcroy
2145:Scientific visualization
2072:of technical information
726:Cause-and-effect diagram
721:Category theory diagrams
706:Computer network diagram
679:Business Process Diagram
275:Gallery of diagram types
227:, or other visual links.
33:Diagram (disambiguation)
1813:Retrieved 21 July 2008.
1763:10.2307/j.ctv1pdrrbs.42
1312:used to analyse engines
1310:Pressure volume diagram
1199:– a diagnostic plot of
113: : Like the term "
83:is sometimes used as a
2716:Christopher R. Johnson
2268:Technical illustration
2155:Software visualization
1896:White, Jan V. (1984).
1677:Diagrammatic reasoning
1519:digital timing diagram
1496:System context diagram
1175:structured programming
1133:Message sequence chart
843:Data structure diagram
619:Specific diagram types
527:Population density map
249:Charles Sanders Peirce
139:
103:
2610:Lawrence J. Rosenblum
2423:Edward Walter Maunder
2347:Charles Joseph Minard
2165:User interface design
2140:Product visualization
1837:10.1075/idj.7.1.01low
992:data (example: for a
917:Exploded-view drawing
872:Dot and cross diagram
806:Constellation diagram
764:Communication diagram
755:Collaboration diagram
499:Time–distance diagram
245:structural similarity
134:
98:
38:Further information:
2890:Scientific modelling
2865:Information graphics
2605:Clifford A. Pickover
2555:William S. Cleveland
2463:Henry Norris Russell
2448:Howard G. Funkhouser
2392:Florence Nightingale
2357:Francis Amasa Walker
2253:Statistical graphics
2175:Volume visualization
2150:Social visualization
2009:Designing Complexity
2000:. Wiley. Chichester.
1904:. New York: Bowker.
1757:. pp. 397–401.
1707:Mathematical diagram
1639:software engineering
1582:Value stream mapping
1556:software engineering
1482:context-free grammar
1449:software engineering
1325:chemical engineering
1321:Process flow diagram
1121:Link grammar diagram
816:Control flow diagram
664:software engineering
135:Diagram of varyoius
31:For other uses, see
2870:Information science
2833:in computer science
2625:Sheelagh Carpendale
2560:George G. Robertson
2397:Karl Wilhelm Pohlke
2332:André-Michel Guerry
2208:Graph of a function
2203:Engineering drawing
2033:What is Gigamapping
1725:Table (information)
1352:Requirement diagram
879:– used in education
773:Commutative diagram
716:Curly arrow diagram
208:that does not show
2951:Modeling languages
2910:Volume cartography
2674:Early 21st century
2570:Catherine Plaisant
2565:Bruce H. McCormick
2519:Mary Eleanor Spear
2509:Arthur H. Robinson
2443:Arthur Lyon Bowley
2416:Early 20th century
2263:Technical drawings
2135:Molecular graphics
2110:Flow visualization
2100:Data visualization
1614:Wedge-dash diagram
1273:distributed system
1255:Parametric diagram
1040:(entity relations)
975:project management
949:Flow process chart
858:Deployment diagram
853:Dependency diagram
833:Data model diagram
778:Comparison diagram
262:Sometimes certain
183:technical drawings
140:
104:
2928:
2927:
2905:Visual perception
2855:Graphic organizer
2828:Computer graphics
2799:
2798:
2781:Martin Wattenberg
2756:Hanspeter Pfister
2711:Martin Krzywinski
2635:Jock D. Mackinlay
2615:Thomas A. DeFanti
2538:Late 20th century
2458:Ejnar Hertzsprung
2160:Technical drawing
2018:978-0-949313-61-4
1982:978-0-8230-1572-6
1945:978-1-84890-007-3
1753:. Princeton, NJ:
1649:
1648:
1391:– represents the
1323:or PFD – used in
1283:Phylogenetic tree
1087:Kinematic diagram
959:Free body diagram
877:Double bubble map
838:Data flow diagram
783:Component diagram
711:Chemical equation
577:human chromosomes
368:Existential graph
259:in mathematics.
210:quantitative data
175:computer graphics
71:three-dimensional
16:(Redirected from
2958:
2915:Volume rendering
2900:Visual analytics
2895:Spatial analysis
2875:Misleading graph
2726:David McCandless
2701:Gordon Kindlmann
2665:Alfred Inselberg
2660:Leland Wilkinson
2595:Michael Friendly
2529:Howard T. Fisher
2492:Mid 20th century
2433:W. E. B. Du Bois
2337:William Playfair
2327:Adolphe Quetelet
2301:Joseph Priestley
2284:Pre-19th century
2281:
2280:
2248:Skeletal formula
2115:Geovisualization
2090:Chemical imaging
2063:
2056:
2049:
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2039:
2022:
2004:Birger Sevaldson
1986:
1973:Digital diagrams
1958:
1957:
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1916:
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1893:
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1880:
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1856:Brasseur, Lee E.
1852:
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1820:
1814:
1811:cs.hartford.edu.
1807:
1801:
1800:
1742:
1691:Experience model
1682:
1562:Use case diagram
1523:Timing diagram:
1517:Timing diagram:
1501:System structure
1459:Celestial sphere
1424:computer science
1403:Sequence diagram
1397:natural language
1389:Sentence diagram
1316:Pourbaix diagram
1279:with annotations
1207:values over time
1053:Ishikawa diagram
981:Grotrian diagram
635:Activity diagram
624:
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2929:
2924:
2920:Information art
2860:Imaging science
2805:
2795:
2776:Fernanda Viégas
2771:Moritz Stefaner
2696:Jessica Hullman
2669:
2640:Alan MacEachren
2590:Ben Shneiderman
2533:
2487:
2411:
2310:
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2185:
2179:
2130:Medical imaging
2073:
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2019:
2007:
1983:
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1965:Further reading
1962:
1961:
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1781:j.ctv1pdrrbs.42
1773:
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1734:
1719:Plot (graphics)
1686:Diagrammatology
1680:
1655:
1650:
1619:Williot diagram
1597:Voronoi diagram
1491:systems biology
1420:formal language
1395:structure of a
1371:Routing diagram
1285:- represents a
1277:bipartite graph
1242:Package diagram
1185:Network diagram
1116:Line of balance
1065:Jackson diagram
986:Goodman diagram
939:Feynman diagram
811:Context diagram
736:Circuit diagram
701:Catalytic cycle
691:Carroll diagram
669:Bow-tie diagram
655:Bachman diagram
621:
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573:Photomicrograph
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471:Hanger diagram.
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326:Network diagram
323:
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241:Diagrammatology
238:
236:Diagrammatology
217:building blocks
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2885:Patent drawing
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2850:Graphic design
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2791:Hadley Wickham
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2746:Tamara Munzner
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2645:David Goodsell
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2630:Cynthia Brewer
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2524:Edgar Anderson
2521:
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2499:Jacques Bertin
2495:
2493:
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2453:John B. Peddle
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2409:
2407:Francis Galton
2404:
2402:Toussaint Loua
2399:
2394:
2389:
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2382:Georg von Mayr
2379:
2374:
2372:Matthew Sankey
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2238:Sankey diagram
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2170:Visual culture
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2028:
2027:External links
2025:
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2017:
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1966:
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1944:
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1635:Edward Yourdon
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1535:Tree structure
1532:
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1478:Syntax diagram
1475:
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1461:
1452:
1442:
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1432:
1427:
1416:SDL/GR diagram
1413:
1400:
1386:
1383:Sankey diagram
1379:
1378:
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1368:
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1347:Radial diagram
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1275:as a directed
1266:
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1211:Object diagram
1208:
1193:
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1154:Motion diagram
1151:
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1128:
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1108:
1106:Ladder diagram
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886:
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869:
867:Dynkin diagram
864:
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845:
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829:
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824:
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750:Cobweb diagram
747:
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541:Pioneer plaque
539:
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502:
497:
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444:Function graph
442:
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428:
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407:
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393:
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376:
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317:
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237:
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129:
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92:
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63:walls of caves
51:representation
49:is a symbolic
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2963:
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2845:Graph drawing
2843:
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2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
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2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2766:Claudio Silva
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2731:Mauro Martino
2729:
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2724:
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2679:
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2666:
2663:
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2658:
2656:
2655:Michael Maltz
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2620:George Furnas
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2600:Howard Wainer
2598:
2596:
2593:
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2542:
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2530:
2527:
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2520:
2517:
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2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2504:Rudolf Modley
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:Max O. Lorenz
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
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2451:
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2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Charles Booth
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:Luigi Perozzo
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2342:August Kekulé
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2322:Charles Dupin
2320:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2306:Gaspard Monge
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:Edmond Halley
2289:
2288:
2286:
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2279:
2275:
2269:
2266:
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2261:
2259:
2256:
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2229:
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2209:
2206:
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2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
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2182:
2176:
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2168:
2166:
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2158:
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2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2095:Crime mapping
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2070:Visualization
2064:
2059:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2020:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1968:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1913:
1911:0-8352-1894-5
1907:
1902:
1901:
1892:
1885:
1879:
1871:
1869:0-89503-240-6
1865:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1849:
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1834:
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1826:
1819:
1812:
1806:
1798:
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1790:
1786:
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1778:
1774:
1772:9780691179544
1768:
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1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1488:
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1483:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1464:State diagram
1462:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1440:Spray diagram
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
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1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:
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1408:
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1334:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1305:Plant diagram
1303:
1300:
1299:Phase diagram
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1225:Onion diagram
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1195:
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1125:
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1112:
1109:
1107:
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1103:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1070:Jones diagram
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1051:
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1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1007:Hasse diagram
1005:
1004:
1000:
999:
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991:
987:
984:
982:
979:
976:
972:
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968:
964:
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935:
932:
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923:
920:
918:
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912:
909:
907:
906:Euler diagram
904:
902:
899:
896:
893:
892:
888:
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868:
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784:
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776:
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771:
769:
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762:
760:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
742:
741:Class diagram
739:
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734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
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709:
707:
704:
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694:
692:
689:
688:
684:
683:
680:
677:
675:
674:Block diagram
672:
670:
667:
665:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
648:
647:
644:
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636:
633:
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616:
613:
611:
606:
604:
600:
586:
578:
574:
568:
556:
550:
545:
542:
536:
531:
528:
522:
517:
514:
513:Exploded view
508:
503:
500:
494:
489:
488:
484:
481:
480:
467:
462:
459:
453:
448:
445:
439:
434:
431:
425:
420:
417:
411:
406:
403:
397:
392:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:
369:
363:
358:
355:
349:
344:
341:
335:
330:
327:
321:
316:
313:
307:
302:
301:
296:
293:
292:
286:
282:
272:
270:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
233:
226:
222:
218:
214:
211:
207:
203:
200:
196:
192:
191:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
171:
168:
164:
160:
157:
153:
149:
145:
138:
133:
126:
123:
120:
116:
112:
109:
108:
107:
101:
97:
88:
87:for diagram.
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
68:
67:Enlightenment
64:
60:
59:visualization
56:
52:
48:
41:
34:
19:
2941:Infographics
2880:Neuroimaging
2840:CPK coloring
2823:Color coding
2761:Hans Rosling
2741:Miriah Meyer
2706:Aaron Koblin
2691:Jeffrey Heer
2585:Edward Tufte
2580:Pat Hanrahan
2550:Nigel Holmes
2428:Otto Neurath
2367:Oliver Byrne
2315:19th century
2197:
2008:
1997:
1990:
1972:
1934:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1878:
1859:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1810:
1805:
1750:
1740:
1643:
1631:Yourdon-Coad
1587:Venn diagram
1435:Spider chart
1361:Rich picture
1229:Venn diagram
1204:
1200:
1092:Knot diagram
1082:Karnaugh map
1012:HIPO diagram
994:wind turbine
988:– shows the
954:Flow diagram
883:Drakon-chart
614:
607:
596:
458:Scatter plot
375:Quantitative
354:Venn diagram
312:tree diagram
284:
261:
257:homomorphism
239:
230:
216:
205:
194:
181:, maps, and
179:infographics
172:
141:
124:
115:illustration
110:
105:
78:
46:
44:
2813:Cartography
2751:Ade Olufeko
2721:Manuel Lima
2650:Kwan-Liu Ma
2575:Stuart Card
2545:Borden Dent
2483:Erwin Raisz
2438:Henry Gantt
1831:(1): 3–18.
1609:Warnier-Orr
1592:Violin plot
1552:UML diagram
1530:TQM Diagram
1430:Smith chart
1393:grammatical
1342:Radar chart
1197:O–C diagram
971:Gantt chart
934:Family tree
911:Eye diagram
801:Concept map
253:isomorphism
156:engineering
148:line graphs
55:information
2935:Categories
2736:John Maeda
2514:John Tukey
2478:Harry Beck
2473:Fritz Kahn
2223:Photograph
1789:1202730160
1747:"Diagrams"
1732:References
1637:, used in
1455:Star chart
1295:(P&ID)
1220:Organigram
1111:Levi graph
944:Flow chart
848:Dendrogram
662:– used in
612:diagrams.
483:Schematics
386:continuous
279:See also:
199:formatting
197:of visual
163:architects
159:blueprints
152:bar charts
2818:Chartjunk
2786:Bang Wong
2681:Polo Chau
2387:John Snow
2362:John Venn
2243:Schematic
2228:Pictogram
1954:648770148
1797:240873019
1473:Swim lane
1366:R-diagram
1287:phylogeny
1269:Petri net
1205:predicted
922:Express-G
696:Cartogram
477:Schematic
430:Pie chart
416:Bar graph
402:Histogram
340:Flowchart
269:reasoning
264:geometric
75:projected
2946:Diagrams
2804:Related
2213:Ideogram
1858:(2003).
1713:PGF/TikZ
1653:See also
1422:used in
1399:sentence
1354:Used in
1201:observed
1180:Nomogram
1138:Mind map
1026:used in
637:used in
382:discrete
298:example:
167:sketches
102:diagream
100:slot car
91:Overview
18:Diagrams
2686:Ben Fry
2198:Diagram
1566:UML 5/9
1564:– from
1540:Treemap
1525:UML 2.0
1468:UML 7/9
1407:UML 8/9
1246:UML 4/9
1215:UML 2/9
1213:– from
1046:– from
996:blades)
990:fatigue
862:UML 9/9
860:– from
796:UML 2.0
794:– from
787:UML 3/9
785:– from
768:UML 2.0
766:– from
759:UML 2.0
757:– from
745:UML 1/9
743:– from
639:UML 6/9
575:of the
295:Logical
289:Logical
206:display
201:devices
187:literal
137:animals
85:synonym
47:diagram
2806:topics
2277:People
2184:Image
2078:Fields
2015:
1979:
1952:
1942:
1908:
1866:
1795:
1787:
1779:
1769:
1644:
1633:– see
1203:minus
610:how to
603:Gliffy
225:arrows
161:, and
119:graphs
57:using
2258:Table
2193:Chart
2186:types
1793:S2CID
1777:JSTOR
1665:Chart
1570:SysML
1445:SSADM
1411:SysML
1405:from
1356:SysML
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