172:
539:
have been found in Mexico, Belize, Venezuela, Brazil, and
Argentina, in six caves total. The discovery of a vampire bat fossil in Argentina also represents the southernmost point that they have been recorded by 600 km (370 mi), possibly indicating that this region was at least 2 °C
548:
The species is regarded as geologically extinct, as only bones of it have been documented and it has not been reported in surveys. However, its extinction is assumed to be geologically recent, as some of its remains discovered were not yet fossilized. The date and reason for its extinction are
888:
Crespo, J. A.; Vanella, J. M.; Blood, B. D.; & De Carlo, J. M. (1961). "Observaciones ecológicas del vampiro
Desmodus r. rotundus (Geoffroy) en el norte de Córdoba" [Ecological observations of the vampire Desmodus r. rotundus (Geoffroy) in northern Córdoba.].
540:(3.6 °F) warmer during this time. Though there are no fossils to corroborate this, it is believed that its range might have included Ecuador, French Guiana, and Guyana. The species was likely widely distributed throughout South America.
969:
557:
was unable to switch to smaller prey. Anecdotal reports of "large bats attacking cattle and horses" in Brazil are likely first-hand exaggerations of bat species whose behaviour is recorded as interacting with these animals.
483:
Based on its skull dimensions, it may have had a wingspan of approximately 50 cm (20 in) and a body mass of 60 g (2.1 oz). The proportions are equivalent to a smaller megabat or larger microbat of modern
908:
Vivo, Marco de; Trajano, Eleonora (1991). "Desmodus draculae Morgan, Linares, and Ray, 1988, reported for southeastern Brasil, with paleoecological comments (Phyllostomidae, Desmodontinae)".
434:. A formal and accepted description of the species was published in 1988, designating the collection by Linares, a skull and post-cranial material, as the type specimen.
472:
to have ever lived. The length of its skull is 31.2 mm (1.23 in), and its humerus length was approximately 51 mm (2.0 in), as compared to the extant
728:
Pardiñas, U. F. J.; Tonni, E. P. (2000). "A giant vampire (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in the Late
Holocene from the Argentinean pampas: paleoenvironmental significance".
619:"The northernmost occurrence of the Pleistocene vampire bat Desmodus stocki Jones (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae: Desmodontinae) in eastern North America"
823:
549:
currently unknown. One hypothesis for its extinction states that it was highly specialized on megafaunal mammals as prey, which became extinct in the
730:
425:
857:"Desmodus draculae Morgan, Linares, and Ray, 1988, reported for southeastern Brasil, with paleoecological comments (Phyllostomidae, Desmodontinae)"
648:
Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin; Alvarez, Ticul (2003). "A preliminary report of the late
Quaternary mammal fauna from Loltún Cave, Yucatán, México".
286:
1162:
1112:
891:
Revista del Museo
Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" e Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones de las Ciencias Naturales
1030:
797:
1177:
700:
Czaplewski, N. J.; Krejca, J.; Miller, T. E. (2003). "Late quaternary bats from Cebada Cave, Chiquibul cave system, Belize".
421:
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941:
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Its braincase was 14.5–14.8 mm (0.57–0.58 in) wide and 13.4–14.8 mm (0.53–0.58 in) high.
831:
702:
1167:
1142:
1021:
602:
posiblemente del
Pleistocene … mayor que todas las conocidas … una nuevaespecie." — Linares 1968:138–139.
550:
1172:
1147:
438:
771:
476:
at 32.4–42.4 mm (1.28–1.67 in). Its skull was long and narrow, and its face had an upturned
1102:
772:"New species of fossil vampire bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Desmodontidae) from Florida and Venezuela"
171:
30:
824:"Taxonomic status of the cuban vampire bat (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae: Desmodontinae: Desmodus)"
682:
669:
1074:
983:
1187:
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582:, an indigenous people in Brazil, about the Caoera—a blood-eating bat the size of a vulture.
389:
267:
739:
8:
743:
1122:
919:
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861:
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448:, the greatest human vampire of folklore", and placed the novel species with the genus
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skull (figure C) compared to the three living vampire bats' skulls
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148:
123:
887:
617:
Grady, Frederick; Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaguin; Garton, E. (2002).
511:. Other potential prey items that would have been available to
357:
349:
341:
213:
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71:
428:, which he noted in 1968 as a possible Pleistocene species of
477:
444:, noting "the largest known chiropteran vampire commemorates
520:
336:). Fossils and unmineralized subfossils have been found in
616:
223:
699:
647:
507:, while others believe that they would have preyed on
404:. 1650 A.D.); this fossil was tentatively assigned to
776:
Proceedings of the
Biological Society of Washington
770:Morgan, G. S.; Linares, O. J.; Ray, C. E. (1988).
570:was part of the inspiration for the Mayan bat-god
731:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
695:
693:
328:. It was 30% larger than its living relative the
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683:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T136451A4293610.en
907:
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663:
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460:in reference to its greater relative size.
15:
930:
815:
798:"What did giant extinct vampire bats eat?"
758:
16:
901:
786:
681:
623:Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology
411:
656:
578:could have also inspired legends of the
24:This is an accepted version of this page
670:"Desmodus draculae (Giant Vampire Bat)"
585:
396:came from sediments dated at 300 years
14:
1090:
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667:
982:
981:
936:
792:
641:
1163:Pleistocene mammals of North America
1113:Pleistocene mammals of South America
650:Ice Age Cave Faunas of North America
610:
530:
674:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
48:
942:"Camazotz and the age of vampires"
49:
1199:
963:
855:Trajano, E.; De Vivo, M. (1991).
456:has been occasionally called the
170:
91:
592:
499:Some researchers believe that
463:
13:
1:
1178:Fossil taxa described in 1988
752:10.1016/s0031-0182(00)00067-5
561:
543:
832:Caribbean Journal of Science
703:Caribbean Journal of Science
566:It has been speculated that
7:
551:Quaternary extinction event
10:
1204:
875:10.1515/mamm.1991.55.3.433
494:
1183:Mammals described in 1988
990:
635:10.5479/si.00810266.93.73
437:The authors assigned the
324:, and possibly the early
273:
266:
167:Scientific classification
165:
60:
897:. Buenos Aires: 131–160.
468:It is the largest-known
424:in Venezuela in 1965 by
375:, but some are from the
31:latest accepted revision
802:ScientificAmerican.com
420:fossil was located in
412:Taxonomy and etymology
51:Extinct species of bat
1153:Pleistocene Venezuela
1133:Pleistocene Argentina
1070:Paleobiology Database
940:(February 12, 2007).
503:would have preyed on
390:Buenos Aires Province
1158:Fossils of Venezuela
1138:Fossils of Argentina
1108:Holocene extinctions
586:Notes and references
948:. ScienceBlogs, LLC
822:Suárez, W. (2005).
744:2000PPP...160..213P
668:Turvey, S. (2008).
21:Page version status
1168:Pleistocene Mexico
1143:Pleistocene Brazil
474:common vampire bat
422:Cueva del Guácharo
371:are from the late
330:common vampire bat
27:
1173:Fossils of Mexico
1148:Fossils of Brazil
1085:
1084:
1022:Desmodus draculae
992:Desmodus draculae
984:Taxon identifiers
796:(July 14, 2013).
531:Range and habitat
458:giant vampire bat
454:Desmodus draculae
418:Desmodus draculae
334:Desmodus rotundus
301:Desmodus draculae
297:
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280:Desmodus draculae
62:Desmodus draculae
18:
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1103:Pleistocene bats
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439:specific epithet
367:Most records of
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259:D. draculae
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66:Temporal range:
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893:(in Spanish).
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1188:Vampire bats
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952:November 18,
950:. Retrieved
945:
932:
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807:November 18,
805:. Retrieved
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39:13 July 2024
38:
29:This is the
23:
1044:iNaturalist
1016:Wikispecies
971:D. draculae
710:(1): 23–33.
580:Mura people
576:D. draculae
568:D. draculae
555:D. draculae
537:D. draculae
535:Fossils of
513:D. draculae
509:Caviomorpha
501:D. draculae
486:chiropteran
470:vampire bat
464:Description
406:D. draculae
373:Pleistocene
369:D. draculae
322:Pleistocene
320:during the
310:vampire bat
68:Pleistocene
1092:Categories
652:: 262–272.
562:In culture
544:Extinction
416:The first
224:Chiroptera
1123:Ensenadan
505:megafauna
394:Argentina
354:Venezuela
338:Argentina
252:Species:
190:Kingdom:
184:Eukaryota
1128:Lujanian
1098:Desmodus
1007:Q1992386
1001:Wikidata
924:89211217
911:Mammalia
862:Mammalia
600:Desmodus
572:Camazotz
525:camelids
515:include
450:Desmodus
442:draculae
431:Desmodus
382:Desmodus
377:Holocene
326:Holocene
245:Desmodus
230:Family:
214:Mammalia
204:Chordata
200:Phylum:
194:Animalia
180:Domain:
80:Holocene
76:Lujanian
35:reviewed
1036:5787394
740:Bibcode
495:Biology
488:fauna.
362:Bolivia
346:Ecuador
314:Central
306:species
277:†
256:†
240:Genus:
220:Order:
210:Class:
155:↓
1118:Uquian
1075:270550
1062:200542
922:
553:, and
523:, and
360:, and
358:Belize
350:Brazil
342:Mexico
292:. 1988
287:Morgan
72:Uquian
1049:74276
920:S2CID
918:(3).
827:(PDF)
478:snout
290:et al
1031:GBIF
954:2017
809:2017
521:deer
379:. A
316:and
94:PreꞒ
871:doi
780:101
748:doi
736:160
678:doi
631:doi
308:of
37:on
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944:.
916:55
914:.
867:55
865:.
859:.
845:^
837:41
835:.
829:.
800:.
778:.
774:.
760:^
746:.
734:.
716:^
708:39
706:.
692:^
676:.
672:.
658:^
627:93
625:.
621:.
574:.
527:.
519:,
480:.
452:.
408:.
402:ca
398:BP
392:,
364:.
356:,
352:,
348:,
344:,
340:,
144:Pg
88:Ma
78:)-
33:,
956:.
926:.
895:4
877:.
873::
811:.
754:.
750::
742::
686:.
680::
637:.
633::
400:(
332:(
149:N
139:K
134:J
129:T
124:P
119:C
114:D
109:S
104:O
99:Ꞓ
83:~
74:-
70:(
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
