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and the force of law. Greece has relied on this courage to keep poverty and despotism at bay. I admire all the Greeks who live in those Dorian lands, but I shall restrict what I have to say to the
Lacedaemonians alone. First, then, there's no way in which they will ever listen to any proposals of yours which will bring slavery on Greece; second, they will certainly resist you, even if all the other Greeks come over to your side. As for the size of their army, there's no point in your asking how, in terms, of numbers, they can do this. If there are in fact only a thousand men to march out against you (though it may be fewer or it may be more), then a thousand men will fight you.'
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115:, Demaratus' birth was accompanied by a prophecy that suggested his future prominence and influence, with his name meaning "wished by the people." In Herodotus' writing, we see that King Ariston initially doubted his son's true parentage. "And he, after remembering when he had married the woman and counting out the months on his fingers, swore an oath: 'He could not be my own son!'" As Demaratus grew, Ariston repented what he had sworn and regarded Demaratus as his own.
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you. Whatever he commands, they do. And his command never changes: It forbids them to flee in battle, whatever the number of their foes. He requires them to stand firm – to conquer or die. O king, if I seem to speak foolishly, I am content from this time forward to remain silent. I only spoke now because you commanded me to. I do hope that everything turns out according to your wishes.
285:
So
Demaratus said, 'my lord, you have asked me to tell the whole truth—the kind of truth that you will not be able to prove false at a later date. There has never been a time when poverty was not a factor in the rearing of the Greeks, but their courage has been acquired as a result of intelligence
265:
The same goes for the
Spartans. One-against-one, they are as good as anyone in the world. But when they fight in a body, they are the best of all. For though they are free men, they are not entirely free. They accept Law as their master. And they respect this master more than your subjects respect
340:
Demaratus' family continued to flourish in Asia as subjects of the
Persians, and several of his descendants have been identified. One of them was likely Demaratus, the son of Gorgion, who was restored to Sparta in the early 3rd century BC and was, in turn, the putative great-grandfather of
118:
Upon King
Ariston's death, Demaratus ascended to the throne around 515 BCE. His rise to kingship made him the 15th ruler of the Eurypontid line. His succession appears fairly straightforward, as Ariston eventually claimed Demaratus as his own son.
163:, a relative and personal enemy of Demaratus, to claim the throne on the grounds that the latter was really the son not of Ariston but of Agetus, his mother's first husband. Leotychidas' anger towards Demaratus was due to a dispute over the marriage of
110:
Demaratus was born into the
Eurypontid dynasty of Sparta and was the firstborn son of King Ariston. His father's significance in the highly structured Spartan society meant Demaratus' firstborn status held considerable weight. According to
280:
Xerxes also asked
Demaratus about his knowledge of the Greeks and if they would put up a fight against the Persian army. In response, Demaratus spoke favorably about the Greeks even after he had been deposed and exiled from Sparta:
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After the deposition of
Demaratus, Cleomenes visited the island of Aegina for a second time. Accompanied by his new colleague, Leotychidas, he seized ten of the leading citizens and deposited them at Athens as hostages.
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crossed over to the island to arrest those responsible. His first attempt was unsuccessful because of interference from
Demaratus, who did his utmost to bring Cleomenes into disfavor at home.
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337:. This succession maintained the connection between Demaratus' lineage and the city granted to him by the Persian king. His descendants ruled this area for approximately the next 80 years.
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79:. This rivalry ultimately led to his dethronement around 491 BC, following Cleomenes' accusations of illegitimacy and political maneuvering.
365:. In general, they were generously rewarded by the Achaemenid kings, received land grants to support them and ruled over various cities in
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on his invasion of Greece in 480 BC and is alleged to have warned Xerxes not to underestimate the
Spartans before the
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Herodotus. The Landmark Herodotus: the Histories. New York: Pantheon Books, 2007., 6.64, 452
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On his abdication, Demaratus was forced to flee. He went to the court of Persian King
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321:. Laureate head of Apollo (left), head of Prokles (right) wearing Persian headdress.
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71:. During his reign, Demaratus is best known for his opposition to his co-ruler,
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to pronounce in favor of Leotychidas, who became king in 491 BC.
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There is no known year for Demaratus' death. Afterward, however, his sons,
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Athens and Persia in the Fifth Century BC: A Study in Cultural Receptivity
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580:, London and New York, Routledge, 2002 (originally published in 1989).
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Demaratus was one of several Greeks aristocrats who took refuge in the
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tyrant in Athens, Demaratus tried to frustrate the plans. In 491 BC,
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After his removal from power, Demaratus sought refuge in the
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was one of the states that gave the symbols of submission (
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from around 515 BC to 491 BC. He was the 15th ruler of the
36:
Bronze Statue of Demaratus in the Naples Museo Archeologico
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In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by
348:
1255:
592:The Succession to the Spartan Kingship, 520-400 BC
578:Hellenistic and Roman Sparta, A tale of two cities
357:after reversals at home. Other famous cases were
148:at once appealed to Sparta to punish that act of
2950:Ancient Greek emigrants to the Achaemenid Empire
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229:, where Demaratus ruled as an Achaemenid Satrap.
597:Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies
16:Eurypontid king of Sparta from c.515 to 491 BC
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2960:Military personnel of the Achaemenid Empire
345:, the last king of Sparta (ruled 207–192).
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498:. Cambridge University Press. p. 98.
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600:, Vol. 54, No. 2 (2011), pp. 43–58".
19:For other people with the same name, see
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611:Demaratus on the Spartan Way of Living
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90:. He was granted land and cities in
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398:Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica.
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400:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
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616:DEMARATUS – Encyclopaedia Iranica
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349:Greek Exiles in Achaemenid Empire
132:When Cleomenes attempted to make
100:Second Persian invasion of Greece
2965:Vassals of the Achaemenid Empire
2955:People of the Greco-Persian Wars
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439:"Kingdoms of Anatolia: Pergamum"
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159:In retaliation, Cleomenes urged
2332:Ancient Greek Olympic festivals
567:
563:, De benefici-is, Vi. 31, 4–12
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67:and the firstborn son of King
1:
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238:, who gave him the cities of
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539:v. 75, vi. 50–70, vii ;
492:Miller, Margaret C. (2004).
477:Hellenistic and Roman Sparta
464:Hellenistic and Roman Sparta
7:
590:Brenda Griffith-Williams, "
372:
86:, where he was welcomed by
10:
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2499:Herald and Trumpet contest
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313:, brother and co-ruler of
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576:& Antony Spawforth,
523:, ii. j. 3, vii. 8. 17;
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638:C. 515 BC – c. 491 BC
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291:Herodotus vii (trans.
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271:Herodotus vii (trans.
253:Demaratus accompanied
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2945:Battle of Thermopylae
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2910:6th-century BC births
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2759:Pythagoras of Laconia
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2118:Hydarnes the Younger
1850:Amyntas I of Macedon
1373:Artaxerxes III Ochus
1368:Artaxerxes II Mnemon
1269:- Achaemenid Kingdom
931:Cleombrotus (regent)
545:iii. 4, 3–5, 7, 7–8;
443:The History Files UK
301:Death and Succession
214:class=notpageimage|
25:Demaratus of Corinth
21:Demaratus (hetairos)
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2669:Hiero I of Syracuse
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2634:Demaratus of Sparta
2457:Tethrippon of polos
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2166:Other known satraps
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1388:Artaxerxes V Bessus
1378:Artaxerxes IV Arses
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2719:Orsippus of Megara
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2529:Acanthus of Sparta
2342:Stadium at Olympia
2274:from around 330 BC
2272:Hellenistic rulers
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1032:Eurypontid dynasty
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946:Nicomedes (regent)
936:Pausanias (regent)
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183:Demaratus in Exile
167:, the daughter of
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84:Achaemenid Empire
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59:) was a king of
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586:0-415-26277-1
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505:9780521607582
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144:) to Persia.
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88:King Darius I
85:
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77:Agiad dynasty
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58:
55:: Δαμάρατος,
54:
50:
47:: Δημάρατος,
46:
42:
34:
30:
26:
22:
2886:
2867:
2851:Roman period
2831:Stadion race
2633:
2337:Hellanodikai
2231:Ariobarzanes
2201:Satibarzanes
1958:Abdashtart I
1940:Tetramnestos
1907:Eshmunazar I
1811:Artemisia II
1721:Teththiweibi
1667:Themistocles
1636:
1612:Ariarathes I
1565:Artabazus II
1560:Ariobarzanes
1550:Pharnaces II
1498:Spithridates
1473:Tissaphernes
1463:Tissaphernes
1348:Artaxerxes I
1300:
1293:
1286:
1189:Archidamus V
1174:Eudamidas II
1149:Agesilaus II
1128:
1099:Archidamus I
976:Cleomenes II
961:Agesipolis I
941:Pleistarchus
906:Eurycratides
632:
595:
577:
568:Bibliography
494:
476:
471:
463:
458:
446:. Retrieved
442:
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407:. Retrieved
403:
393:
359:Themistocles
352:
339:
324:
284:
279:
273:G. Rawlinson
264:
252:
233:
217:Location of
177:
158:
131:
117:
109:
81:
56:
48:
40:
39:
29:
2400:Horse races
2132:Satraps of
2103:Satraps of
2069:Satraps of
2035:Pherendates
2020:Satraps of
1968:Evagoras II
1831:Orontobates
1790:Lygdamis II
1696:Dynasts of
1672:Archeptolis
1662:Aristagoras
1647:Eurysthenes
1540:Artabazus I
1478:Tithraustes
1408:Satraps of
1328:Cambyses II
1267:Family tree
1164:Eudamidas I
1001:Leonidas II
951:Pleistoanax
921:Cleomenes I
871:Agesilaus I
856:Echestratus
846:Eurysthenes
820:Aristodemus
644:Leotychidas
527:, iii. I. 6
475:Cartledge,
462:Cartledge,
327:Eurysthenes
315:Eurysthenes
221:and nearby
161:Leotychidas
154:Cleomenes I
98:during the
2904:Categories
2659:Euryleonis
2589:Bilistiche
2574:Arsinoe II
2504:Pentathlon
2478:Pankration
2452:Tethrippon
2368:Foot races
2040:Achaemenes
2011:Orontes II
2006:Darius III
1927:Bodashtart
1875:Boulomenus
1801:Hecatomnus
1785:Pisindelis
1775:Lygdamis I
1748:Mithrapata
1739:Artembares
1682:Amyntas II
1623:Asia Minor
1602:Ariamnes I
1589:Cappadocia
1535:Oebares II
1520:Mitrobates
1458:Pissuthnes
1318:Cambyses I
1295:Ariaramnes
1288:Achaemenes
1204:Machanidas
1094:Anaxidamus
1089:Zeuxidamus
1079:Theopompus
1059:Polydectes
926:Leonidas I
896:Eurycrates
738:Lacedaemon
385:References
367:Asia Minor
240:Teuthrania
223:Teuthrania
106:Early Life
92:Asia Minor
2629:Damarchus
2483:Wrestling
2417:Decapolon
2177:Abrocomas
2173:Megabyzus
2147:Camisares
2123:Atropates
2079:Hystaspes
2001:Orontes I
1996:Artasyrus
1932:Yatonmilk
1889:Azemilcus
1872:Mattan IV
1842:Macedonia
1840:Kings of
1826:Pixodarus
1780:Artemisia
1743:Artumpara
1687:Philiscus
1657:Histiaeus
1637:Demaratus
1632:Miltiades
1530:Megabates
1525:Megabazus
1483:Tiribazus
1363:Darius II
1358:Sogdianus
1353:Xerxes II
1215:Laconicus
1129:Demaratus
1119:Agasicles
1069:Charilaus
1030:Heraclids
1016:Eucleidas
991:Acrotatus
956:Pausanias
901:Anaxander
891:Polydorus
876:Archelaus
835:Heraclids
799:Tisamenus
773:Hippocoon
768:Tyndareus
555:Polyaenus
543:Pausanias
537:Herodotus
531:Athenaeus
525:Hellenica
246:, around
244:Halisarna
227:Halisarna
113:Herodotus
57:Damaratos
49:Demaratos
41:Demaratus
2888:Category
2694:Leophron
2381:Dolichos
2241:Abulites
2195:Hyrcania
2113:Hydarnes
2089:Masistes
2030:Aryandes
1884:Evagoras
1806:Mausolus
1797:(satrap)
1718:Harpagus
1709:Kybernis
1677:Aridolis
1642:Gongylos
1488:Struthas
1428:Harpagus
1343:Xerxes I
1206:(regent)
1194:Lycurgus
1159:Agis III
1104:Anaxilas
1074:Nicander
1054:Prytanis
996:Areus II
886:Alcmenes
881:Teleclus
866:Doryssus
827:(regent)
789:Menelaus
758:Perieres
753:Cynortas
694:Lelegids
549:Diodorus
521:Anabasis
518:Xenophon
373:See also
363:Gongylos
309:Coin of
289:—
269:—
255:Xerxes I
248:Pergamum
236:Xerxes I
219:Pergamon
205:Pergamon
165:Perkalon
134:Isagoras
96:Xerxes I
2517:Winners
2492:Special
2442:Synoris
2391:Stadion
2376:Diaulos
2320:General
2255:Babylon
2251:Mazaeus
2245:Susiana
2225:Parthia
2211:Atizyes
2181:Belesys
2157:Arsames
2152:Mazaeus
2134:Cilicia
2084:Dadarsi
2071:Bactria
2060:Mazaces
2055:Sabaces
2045:Arsames
1988:Armenia
1984:Satraps
1879:Abdemon
1816:Idrieus
1795:Adusius
1763:Dynasts
1753:Perikle
1735:Arbinas
1725:Kheriga
1714:Kuprlli
1705:Kheziga
1652:Prokles
1597:Datames
1585:Satraps
1575:Arsites
1508:Satraps
1438:Bagaeus
1433:Oroetus
1423:Mazares
1418:Tabalus
1333:Bardiya
1313:Cyrus I
1308:Teispes
1302:Arsames
1277:of the
1179:Agis IV
1144:Agis II
1124:Ariston
1064:Eunomus
1049:Eurypon
1039:Procles
986:Areus I
861:Labotas
794:Orestes
782:Atreids
763:Oebalus
748:Argalus
743:Amyclas
711:Eurotas
627:Ariston
557:ii. 20;
533:i. 29 f
448:10 June
331:Prokles
311:Prokles
75:of the
69:Ariston
2473:Boxing
2466:Combat
2360:Sports
2235:Persis
2094:Bessus
1963:Tennes
1936:Anysos
1912:Tabnit
1730:Kherei
1625:cities
1443:Otanes
1199:Pelops
851:Agis I
825:Theras
687:Sparta
584:
551:xi. 6;
502:
409:25 May
335:Aeolis
152:, and
150:medism
146:Athens
138:Aegina
61:Sparta
2437:Polos
2427:Keles
2422:Kalpe
2407:Apene
2191:Ochus
2185:Syria
2105:Media
2022:Egypt
1949:Baana
1767:Caria
1698:Lycia
1410:Lydia
1210:Nabis
706:Myles
701:Lelex
683:Kings
343:Nabis
319:Mysia
123:Reign
53:Doric
45:Greek
2270:and
2205:Aria
1044:Soos
911:Leon
804:Dion
582:ISBN
500:ISBN
450:2024
411:2024
361:and
329:and
242:and
225:and
23:and
1986:of
1821:Ada
1765:of
1587:of
1510:of
685:of
594:",
2906::
2179:,
2175:,
484:^
441:.
419:^
402:.
369:.
261::
250:.
51:;
2305:e
2298:t
2291:v
2257:)
2253:(
2247:)
2243:(
2237:)
2233:(
2227:)
2223:(
2217:)
2213:(
2207:)
2203:(
2197:)
2193:(
2187:)
2183:(
1249:e
1242:t
1235:v
675:e
668:t
661:v
508:.
452:.
413:.
295:)
275:)
43:(
27:.
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