Dalit - Knowledge

608: 2763:, the Dalit castes were chased away from their lands to build large buildings. They were also forced to drink oil mixed with red lead causing them to die, and then they were buried in the foundations of buildings, thus wiping out generations of Dalits. Under the rule of Baji Rao, if a Dalit crossed in front of a gym, they would cut off his head and play "bat and ball" on the ground, with their swords as bats and his head as a ball. Under these 17th century kings, human sacrifice of untouchable persons was not unusual. They also created intricate rules and operations to ensure that they stayed untouchables. George Kunnath claims that there "is and has been an internal hierarchy between the various Dalit castes". According to Kunnath, the 3027: 3862: 3981:, alleging that a Dalit engineer at the company faced discrimination from two of his upper-caste supervisors for his Dalit background. The lawsuit claims that "higher caste supervisors and co-workers imported the discriminatory system's practices into their team and Cisco's workplace". In 2023, the California Civil Rights Department voluntarily dismissed its case alleging caste discrimination against two Cisco engineers, while still keeping alive its litigation against Cisco Systems. The CRD was later symbolically fined $ 2000 for their false case against the two engineers and CISCO. 3396: 2701:

Dalits. BJP also strengthened and expanded a series of discriminatory laws and measures that target religious minorities. These include anti-conversion laws, blamed by human rights groups for empowering Hindutva groups to conduct campaigns of harassment, social exclusion and violence against Christians, Muslims, and other religious minorities across the country’. Laws ostensibly meant for the protection of cows continue to provide institutional backing for similar campaigns against Muslims and Dalits."

3707:, is a budget allocation by the Government of Andhra Pradesh for the welfare of Dalits. The law was enacted in May 2013. SCs and STs have separate panels for spending. The plan was meant to prevent the government from diverting funds meant for SCs and STs to other programs, which was historically the case. As of 2013, no equivalent national plan existed. Scheduled Castes Sub Plan and Tribal Sub-Plan funds are often diverted by state governments to other purposes. 15548: 2996:, a former chairman of the NCSC, said that the number of pending cases was high because most of the extant Special Courts were not exclusive but rather being used to process some non-POA cases, and because "The special prosecutors are not bothered and the cases filed under this Act are as neglected as the victims". While Dalit rights organisations were cautiously optimistic that the amended Act would improve the situation, legal experts were pessimistic. 3362:

backgrounds. In many cases, the churches referred to the Dalits as 'New Christians'. It is alleged to be a derogatory term which classifies the Dalit Christians to be looked down upon by other Christians. During the earlier days of Christianity, in some churches in south India, the Dalits had either separate seating or had to attend the mass outside. Dalit Christians are also said to be grossly underrepresented amongst the clergy in some places.

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punish violence against Dalits, including humiliations such as the forced consumption of noxious substances. Other atrocities included forced labour, denial of access to water and other public amenities, and sexual abuse. The Act permitted Special Courts exclusively to try POA cases. The Act called on states with high levels of caste violence (said to be "atrocity-prone") to appoint qualified officers to monitor and maintain law and order.

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previous traditions. This is attributed to the predominantly Hindu society they lived in. Discrimination against Dalit Christians also remained in interactions and mannerisms between castes; for example, during the earlier days, the 'lower caste Christians' had to their mouths when talking to a Syrian Christian. In many cases they were still referred to by their Hindu caste names: For example

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Scheduled Tribes which is proportionate to their population. The percentage is highest in Maharashtra (50 per cent), Karnataka (36.4 per cent) and Madhya Pradesh (36 per cent). Dalits have been arrested on false pretexts. According to Human Rights Watch, politically motivated arrests of Dalit rights activists occur and those arrested can be detained for six months without charge.

3966:, immigrants from India were primarily professionals and students, largely from upper caste or dominant caste families. However, from the 1990s onwards, many more of the skilled professionals arriving from India have been Dalit, due to multiple generations of affirmative action policies in India, as well as ongoing efforts of organised resistance against caste discrimination. 3751:

were claimed to be less effective in the workplace and would not help when the authorities were discriminating. One criticism of discrimination law was the difficulty in obtaining proof of violations. Perceived benefits of legislation were that it provides redress, leads to greater understanding and reduces the social acceptance of such discrimination.

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extended the number of acts that were deemed to be atrocities. One of those remedies, in an attempt to address the slow process of cases, was to make it mandatory for states to set up the exclusive Special Courts that the POA had delineated. Progress in doing so, however, was reported in April 2017 to be unimpressive.

3570:'s (Hindu nationalism) role in Indian politics has accompanied allegations that religious conversions of Dalits are due to allurements like education and jobs rather than faith. Critics argue that laws banning conversion and limiting social relief for converts mean that conversion impedes economic success. However, 3361:

Even after conversion, to some extent segregation, restriction, hierarchy, and graded ritual purity remained. Data shows that there is more discrimination and less class mobility among the people living in rural areas, where incidents of caste discrimination are higher among people from all religious

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Mass conversions of lower caste Hindus to Christianity and Islam took place in order to escape the discrimination. The main Dalit groups that participated in these conversions were the Chuhras of Punjab, Chamars of North India (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh), Vankars of Gujarat, and Pulayas

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Surinder S. Jodhka says that, in practice, Sikhs belonging to the landowning dominant castes have not shed all their prejudices against the Dalit castes. While Dalits would be allowed entry into the village gurudwaras they would not be permitted to cook or serve langar (the communal meal). Therefore,

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ordered the rape of two Dalit sisters because their brother eloped with a married Jat girl of the same village. In 2003, the higher caste Muslims in Bihar opposed the burials of lower caste Muslims in the same graveyard. A Dalit activist was killed in 2020 for social media posts criticising Brahmins.

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documented a high number of sexual assaults against Dalit women, which were often committed by landlords, upper-caste villagers, and policemen, according to a study published in 2001. According to the research, only about 5% of assaults are recorded, and police dismiss at least 30% of rape reports as

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In 2018, Equality Labs released a report on "Caste in the United States". This report found that one in two Dalit Americans live in fear of their caste being "outed". In addition, 60% have experienced caste-based discriminatory jokes, and 25% have suffered verbal or physical assault because of their

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A 2010 study found that caste discrimination occurs in Britain at work and in service provision. While not ruling out the possibility of discrimination in education, no such incidents were uncovered. The report found favourable results from educational activities. However, non-legislative approaches

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Some claim that caste discrimination is non-existent. Some have rejected the government's right to interfere in the community. The Hindu Forum of Britain conducted their own research, concluding that caste discrimination was "not endemic in British society", reports to the contrary aimed to increase

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by upper caste members and the police. In September 2015, a 45-year-old Dalit woman was allegedly stripped naked and forced to drink urine by perpetrators in Madhya Pradesh. In some parts of India, there have been allegations that Dalit grooms riding horses for wedding ceremonies have been beaten up

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The South Asia State of Minorities Report 2020 has found that since the BJP (the Indian People's Party) has returned to political power in India as of May 2018, "Hate crimes against minorities have seen a spike – taking the form of mob lynching and vigilante violence against Muslims, Christians, and

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and nearly 17 per cent Brahmins alongside 80 per cent of Dalits. However, surveys of voters on the eve of elections, indicated that caste loyalties were not the voters' principal concern. Instead, inflation and other issues of social and economic development dictated the outcome. Mayawati's success

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The Government of India has attempted on several occasions to legislate specifically to address the issue of caste-related violence that affects SCs and STs. Aside from the Constitutional abolition of untouchability, there has been the Untouchability (Offences) Act of 1955, which was amended in the

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There have been incidents and allegations of SC and ST teachers and professors being discriminated against and harassed by authorities, upper castes colleagues and upper caste students in different education institutes of India. In some cases, such as in Gujarat, state governments have argued that,

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While discrimination against Dalits has declined in urban areas and in the public sphere, it still exists in rural areas and in the private sphere, in everyday matters such as access to eating places, schools, temples and water sources. Some Dalits successfully integrated into urban Indian society,

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and among the South Asian diaspora. In 2001, the quality of life of the Dalit population in India was worse than that of the overall Indian population on metrics such as access to health care, life expectancy, education attainability, access to drinking water and housing. According to a 2007 report

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By 1995, of all federal government jobs in India – 10.1 per cent of Class I, 12.7 per cent of Class II, 16.2 per cent of Class III, and 27.2 per cent of Class IV jobs were held by Dalits. Of the most senior jobs in government agencies and government-controlled enterprises, only 1 per cent were held

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wrote in 1998 that the term had become "intensely political ... While the use of the term might seem to express appropriate solidarity with the contemporary face of Untouchable politics, there remain major problems in adopting it as a generic term. Although the word is now quite widespread, it

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Christianity was thought to be egalitarian and could provide mobility away from the caste. Sometimes the only change seen was their religious identity. Even after conversion, in some cases, Dalits were discriminated against due to the "residual leftover" practice of caste discrimination from their

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Forced by the circumstances of their birth and poverty, Dalits in India continue to work as sanitation workers: manual scavengers, cleaners of drains & sewers, garbage collectors, and sweepers of roads. As of 2019, an estimated 40 to 60 per cent of the 6 million Dalit households are engaged in

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in 2010, "they still live in secluded quarters, do the dirtiest work, and are not allowed to use the village well and other common facilities". In the same year, Zelliot noted that "In spite of much progress over the last sixty years, Dalits are still at the social and economic bottom of society."

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also notes Singh's 2006 comment but says that, despite the obvious similarities, race prejudice and the situation of Dalits "have a different basis and perhaps a different solution". Though the Indian Constitution abolished untouchability, the oppressed status of Dalits remains a reality. In rural

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is the official term for Dalits in the opinion of India's National Commissions for Scheduled Castes (NCSC), who took legal advice that indicated modern legislation does not refer to Dalit and that therefore, it says, it is "unconstitutional" for official documents to do so. In 2004, the NCSC noted

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also detects a trend towards denial of the politicised identity, for example among educated middle-class people who have converted to Buddhism and argue that, as Buddhists, they cannot be Dalits. This may be due to their improved circumstances giving rise to a desire not to be associated with what

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prior to 1935. It was popularised by Ambedkar, himself a Dalit, who included all depressed people irrespective of their caste into the definition of Dalits. It covered people who were excluded from the fourfold varna system of Hinduism and thought of themselves as forming a fifth varna, describing

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The largest cohort of Roma is hypothesized to have entered the Punjab region of present-day Pakistan between 1001 and 1026 to fight on behalf of Hindu rulers against incursions of the Islamic Ghaznavid dynasty. Their motivation for doing so may have been a promise of promotion in caste (having at

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in 2011. Despite political connections and the financial ability to struggle against ingrained prejudices, Chirag was not able to "bag" any other movie project in the following years. Chirag, in his early days, described Bollywood as his "childhood dream", but eventually entered politics instead.

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of the Madura Mission were members of Nadars, Maravars, and Pallar. They believed that "Christianity is a true religion; a desire for protection from oppressors and, if possible, material aid; the desire for education for their children; and the knowledge that those who have become Christians had

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allegedly "gobbled up a substantial portion of the offerings". Though Dalits form more than 60 per cent of Talhan's 5,000-strong population, local traditions ensured that they were denied a place on the committee. The landlords, in league with radical Sikh organisations and the SGPC, attempted to

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Similar groups are found throughout the rest of the Indian subcontinent; less than 2 per cent of Pakistan's population are Hindu and 70–75 per cent of those Hindus are Dalits, in Nepal, Bangladesh had 5 million Dalits in 2010 with the majority being landless and in chronic poverty, and Sri Lanka.

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Most of India's 140 million Muslims are descended from local converts. Many of them converted to Islam to escape Hindu upper-caste oppression. 75% of the present Indian Muslim population are Dalits. In 2003, the higher caste Muslims in Bihar opposed the burials of lower caste Muslims in the same

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Discrimination is illegal under Indian law by the Removal of Civil Disabilities Act (Act 21 of 1938), the Temple Entry Authorization and Indemnity Act 1939 (Act XXII of 1939) and Article 17 of the Constitution which outlawed Untouchability. After India's independence in 1947, secular nationalism

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are affected by caste. Gurdwaras such as those of the Ramgarhia Sikhs are organised along caste lines and most are controlled by a single caste. In most British towns and cities with a significant Sikh population, rival gurdwaras can be found with caste-specific management committees. The caste

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The POA designated specific crimes against SCs and STs as "atrocities" – a criminal act that has "the quality of being shockingly cruel and inhumane" – which should be prosecuted under its terms rather than existing criminal law. It created corresponding punishments. Its purpose was to curb and

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According to the 2014 NCAER/University of Maryland survey, 27 per cent of the Indian population still practices untouchability; the figure may be higher because many people refuse to acknowledge doing so when questioned, although the methodology of the survey was also criticised for potentially

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to enhance the ability of Dalits to have political representation and to obtain government jobs and education. The 1950 Constitution of India included measures to improve the socioeconomic conditions of Dalits. Aside from banning untouchability, these included the reservation system, a means of

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Caste-based occupations held by Dalits also show a clear segregation which perpetuated even after becoming Christian. Occupational patterns (including manual scavenging) are prevalent among Dalit Christians in north-west India are said to be quite similar to those of Dalit Hindus. Occupational

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passed the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act to address issues regarding the implementation of the POA, including instances where the police put procedural obstacles in the way of alleged victims or indeed outright colluded with the accused. It also

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Discrimination against Dalits exists in access to healthcare and nutrition. A sample survey of Dalits, conducted over several months in Madhya Pradesh and funded by ActionAid in 2014, found that health field workers did not visit 65 per cent of Dalit settlements. 47 per cent of Dalits were not

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Dalits comprise a slightly disproportionate number of India's prison inmates. While Dalits (including both SCs and STs) constitute 25 per cent of the Indian population, they account for 33.2 per cent of prisoners. About 24.5 per cent of death row inmates in India are from Scheduled Castes and

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irrespective of caste, class, or sex. Mahatma Gandhi, an admirer of Mehta's work, first used the word in the context of identifying Dalits in 1933. Ambedkar disliked the name as it placed Dalits in relation to a greater Hindu nation rather than as in an independent community like Muslims. In

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Several Dalit groups are rivals and sometimes communal tensions are evident. A study found more than 900 Dalit sub-castes throughout India, with internal divisions. Emphasising any one caste threatens what is claimed to be an emerging Dalit identity and fostering rivalry among SCs.

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rape case, which arose out of a dispute of allocation of land, is an example of atrocities against Dalit girls and women. In August 2015, due to continued alleged discrimination from upper castes of the village, about 100 Dalit inhabitants converted to Islam in a ceremony at

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In the past, they were believed to be so impure that upper-caste Hindus considered their presence to be polluting. The "impure status" was related to their historic hereditary occupations that caste Hindus considered to be "polluting" or debased, such as working with

4350:(butchers) are generally viewed as a higher caste than Bhangis, the latter refuses to offer cleaning services to Khateeks, believing that their profession renders them unclean. They also consider the Balai, Dholi and Mogya as unclean and do not associate with them. 2838:, nearly 79 per cent of Adivasi households and 73 per cent of Dalit households were the most deprived among rural households in India. While 45 per cent of SC households are landless and earn a living by manual casual labour, the figure is 30 per cent for Adivasis. 3710:

While the Indian Constitution has provisions for the social and economic uplift of Dalits to support their upward social mobility, these concessions are limited to Hindus. Dalits who have converted to other religions have asked that benefits be extended to them.

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that created the classification of Scheduled Castes as Dalits. Communities that were categorised as being one of those groups were guaranteed a percentage of the seats in the national and state legislatures, as well as in government jobs and places of education.

2717:. Untouchability was also practised by people of minority religions – 23 per cent of Sikhs, 18 per cent of Muslims and 5 per cent of Christians. According to statewide data, Untouchability is most commonly practised in Madhya Pradesh (53 per cent), followed by 274:

still has deep roots in a tradition of political radicalism inspired by the figure of B. R. Ambedkar." They went on to suggest that its use risked erroneously labelling the entire population of untouchables in India as being united by a radical politics.

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concluded that the Hindu community in Britain is particularly well integrated, loosening caste ties. Casteist beliefs were prevalent mainly among first-generation immigrants, with such prejudices declining with each successive generation due to greater

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In the 1930s, Gandhi and Ambedkar disagreed regarding the retention of the Varna system. Whilst Ambedkar wanted to see it destroyed, Gandhi thought that it could be modified by reinterpreting Hindu texts so that the untouchables were absorbed into the

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James Lochtefeld, a professor of religion and Asian studies, said in 2002 that the "adoption and popularization of reflects their growing awareness of the situation, and their greater assertiveness in demanding their legal and constitutional rights".

428:, which literally mean First Dravidians, Kannadigas, and Andhras, respectively. These terms were first used in 1917 by Southern Dalit leaders, who believed that they were the indigenous inhabitants of India. The terms are used in the states of 14574: 3933:

It is estimated that in 1883, about one-third of the immigrants who arrived in the Caribbean were Dalits. The shared experience of being exploited in a foreign land gradually broke down caste barriers in the Caribbean Hindu communities.

3691:. Dalits are often used as a votebank. There have been instances where it has been alleged that an election-winning party reneged on promises made to the Dalits made during the election campaign or have excluded them from party affairs. 1638: 2705:

where caste origins are less obvious. In rural India, however, caste origins are more readily apparent and Dalits often remain excluded from local religious life, though some qualitative evidence suggests that exclusion is diminishing.

3231:. The Chamars came out in force and confronted the Randhawa and Bains Jat Sikh landlords, who refused to give the Chamars a share on the governing committee of a shrine dedicated to Shaheed Baba Nihal Singh. The shrine earned 3–7 2928:

is from the year 2000. In that year a total of 25,455 crimes against Dalits were committed; 2 Dalits were assaulted every hour, and in each day 3 Dalit women were raped, 2 Dalits were murdered, and 2 Dalit homes were set on fire.

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The declaration by princely states of Kerala between 1936 and 1947 that temples were open to all Hindus went a long way towards ending untouchability there. However, educational opportunities for Dalits in Kerala remain limited.

539:, when Ambedkar conceded his demand that the Dalits should have an electorate separate from the caste Hindus in return for Gandhi accepting measures along these lines. The notion of a separate electorate had been proposed in the 4124:'s collection of stories, "Jevha Mi Jat Chorali" (When I had Concealed My Caste), published in 1963, marked a significant turning point, portraying the harsh realities of Dalit lives and garnering critical acclaim. Writers like 3577:

Another political issue is Dalit affirmative-action quotas in government jobs and university admissions. About 8 per cent of the seats in the National and State Parliaments are reserved for Scheduled Caste and Tribe candidates.

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Dalit literature emerged in the 1970s with magazines like Puma and Panther, inspired by the Dalit Panthers movement in Maharashtra. Writers such as Rameshchandra Parmar and Sahil Parmar played vital roles in its development.

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same year to become the Protection of Civil Rights Act. It was determined that neither of those Acts were effective, so the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989 (POA) came into force.

4109:, suggesting a long-standing tradition of marginalized voices. This literary movement gained momentum in the mid-20th century, challenging the prevailing portrayals of life in mainstream literature. The publication of 631:(8%) and Tamil Nadu (7%) between them accounted for almost half the country's total Scheduled Caste population. They were most prevalent as a proportion of the states' population in Punjab, at about 32 per cent, while 599:, the Information and Broadcasting Ministry (I&B Ministry) of the Government of India issued an advisory to all media channels in September 2018, asking them to use "Scheduled Castes" instead of the word "Dalit". 10247: 4225:. The Indian author Rajesh Talwar has written a play titled 'Gandhi, Ambedkar, and the Four-Legged Scorpion' in which the personal experiences of Ambedkar and the sufferings of the community have been highlighted. 580:. Many social organisations have promoted better conditions for Dalits through education, healthcare and employment. Nonetheless, while caste-based discrimination was prohibited and untouchability abolished by the 4273:

When the media tried to talk to him about "Caste in Bollywood", he refused to talk about the matter. A recent Hindi film to portray a Dalit character in the leading role, although it was not acted by a Dalit, was

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wherever they could mobilise resources, the Sikh Dalits of Punjab have tried to construct their gurudwara and other local-level institutions to attain a certain degree of cultural autonomy. In 1953, Sikh leader

5701: 3539:, largely run by upper-caste landlords in Bihar. They oppose equal treatment of Dalits and have resorted to violence. The Ranvir Sena is considered a terrorist organisation by the government of India. In 2015, 3247:. In that time Jats conducted several boycotts against the Chamars. The Jat Sikhs and their allies cut off the power supply to their homes. In addition, various scuffles and fights set Chamar youths armed with 10799: 2834:, have argued that the living standards of many Dalits have improved since the economic system became more liberalised starting in 1991 and have supported their claims through large surveys. According to the 3302:

engineer called Vishal Damodar was initiated as a Jain monk by Acharya Navaratna Sagar Suriji at Samet Shikhar. Acharya Nanesh, the eighth Achayra of Sadhumargi Jain Shravak Sangha, had preached among the

8536:, Quote: "Here there is not only a criticism of religion (most of all, Hinduism, but also prior traditions of Buddhism), but also of secularism, and that criticism is articulated moreover as a religion." 4872: 9174:

Louis, Prakash (2007). Caste-based discrimination and atrocities on Dalit Christians and the need for reservations (Report). Working Paper Series. Vol. II. New Delhi, IN: Indian Institute of Dalit

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false. The study also discovered that police often seek bribes, threaten witnesses, and conceal evidence. Victims of rape have also been killed. There have been reports of Dalits being forced to eat

4221:. Additionally, Dalit literature encompasses various forms such as poetry, autobiographies, and oral history narratives, with notable works including "Karukku" by Bama and "The Weave of My Life" by 3793:

to protect British citizens against caste discrimination. In 2018 the UK government decided not to include caste as a "protected characteristic" within the terms of the Act, and to rely instead on

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varna. It was this disagreement that led to the Poona Pact. Gandhi began the Harijan Yatra to help the Dalits, but ran into some opposition from Dalits that wanted a complete break from Hinduism.

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In India's most populous state, Uttar Pradesh, Dalits have had a major political impact. The Dalit-led Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) had previously run the government and that party's leader,

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Other Hindu groups attempted to reconcile with the Dalit community. Hindu temples are increasingly receptive to Dalit priests, a function formerly reserved for Brahmins. Brahmins such as

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by Dalits, not much change in 40 years. In the 21st century, Dalits have been elected to India's highest judicial and political offices. In 1997, India elected its first Dalit President,

167: 3251:, rocks, bricks, soda bottles and anything they could find fought Jat Sikh landlords, youths and the Punjab police. Dalit youngsters painted their homes and motorcycles with the slogan, 352:. It is also sometimes used to refer to the entirety of India's oppressed peoples, which is the context that applies to its use in Nepalese society. An example of the limitations of the 4279:(2007). The continued use of caste based references to Dalit sub-castes in South Indian films (typecast and pigeonholed in their main socio-economic sub-group) angers many Dalit fans. 2947:

by upper caste people. In August 2015, upper caste people burned houses and vehicles belonging to Dalit families and slaughtered their livestock in reaction to Dalits daring to hold a

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More recent studies in Britain were inconclusive and found that discrimination was "not religion specific and is subscribed to by members of any or no religion". Equalities Minister

11360: 7555: 7068: 10277: 10951: 10255: 9546: 233:). In Classical Sanskrit, this means "divided, split, broken, scattered". This word was repurposed in 19th-century Sanskrit to mean "(a person) not belonging to one of the four 4730: 4686: 7391: 6079: 5239: 4101:

poetry" and Dohara Kakkaiah, a Dalit by birth, six of whose confessional poems survive. The origins of modern Dalit writing can be traced back to the works of Marathi Dalit

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far from being discriminatory, their rejection when applying for jobs in education has been because there are no suitably qualified candidates from those classifications.

11277: 3638:, served several times as chief minister. Regarding her election in 2007, some reports claimed her victory was due to her ability to win support from both 17 per cent of 7915: 6916: 3185:

caste, also denounced the hierarchy of the caste system. Despite this, social stratification exists in the Sikh community. The bulk of the Sikhs of Punjab belong to the

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actively participated in the rights of Dalits. While Dalits had places to worship, the first upper-caste temple to openly welcome Dalits was the Laxminarayan Temple in

2675:(HRW), the treatment of Dalits has been like a "hidden apartheid" and that they "endure segregation in housing, schools, and access to public services". HRW noted that 7942: 11554: 10788: 7795: 7270: 4116:

Dalit literature in India has flourished in various regional languages, reflecting the diverse experiences and struggles of Dalit communities across the country. In

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Most Dalits in India are Hindu. There have been incidents which showed that Dalits were restricted from entering temples by high-caste Hindus, and participation in

504:(c. 1840–1900) is generally considered to be the pioneer of the Dalit movement, seeking a society in which they were not discriminated against. Another pioneer was 15037: 9443: 6485: 5353: 4306:

A DLM (Dalit Liberation Movement) party leader said in the early 2000s that it is easier to organise Dalits on a caste basis than to fight caste prejudice itself.

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Dalit literature encompasses writings by Dalits about their lived experiences, and it has emerged as a significant literary movement and forms a distinct part of

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keep out the Dalits by razing the shrine overnight and constructing a gurdwara on it, but the Dalit quest for a say in the governing committee did not end.

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is a self-applied concept for those called the "untouchables" and others that were outside of the traditional Hindu caste hierarchy. Economist and reformer

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A 2009 report alleged that caste discrimination is "rife" in the United Kingdom. The report alleged that casteism persists in the workplace and within the

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Katuwal, Shyam Bahadur (2009). "The Issues and Concerns of Dalit Labourers in Nepal". In Mohanty, Panchanan; Malik, Ramesh C.; Kasi, Eswarappa (eds.).

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are denied entry to Hindu temples. In at least one case, Dalits were reportedly beaten by upper-caste people while attempting to enter a local temple.

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do not allow Dalit villagers to use the public borewell for fetching water and thus they are forced to drink dirty water. In metropolitan areas around

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had the highest proportion of its population as SC (around 32%), while India's island territories and two northeastern states had approximately zero.

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addition, many Dalits found, and still find, the term patronizing and derogatory, with some even claiming that the term really refers to children of

11711: 8328: 7530: 7488: 15594: 14252: 12941: 10925: 9686: 9398: 9378: 7304: 2650: 1308: 11035: 8032: 3946:, originating in northern India, are said to be of Dalit ancestry. Between 1001 and 1026, the Romani fought under their Hindu rulers to fight the 3205:

succeeded in winning the demands from the government to include Sikh castes of the converted untouchables in the list of scheduled castes. In the

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category is that, under Indian law, such people can only be followers of Buddhism, Hinduism or Sikhism, yet there are communities who claim to be

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They are also found as part of the Indian diaspora in many countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Singapore, and the Caribbean.

8565: 8356: 7165: 14173: 13362: 10121: 9216: 9083: 5715: 1221: 12186: 6794: 2799:. They are required to sit separately at lunch in 35 per cent of schools and are required to eat with specially marked plates in 28 per cent. 10742: 9494: 8910: 7220: 4156:, leading to the formation of the Bangla Dalit Sahitya Sanstha and the launch of the magazine "Chaturtha Duniya". Prominent Dalit authors in 2914: 11088: 11054: 8957: 7142: 14820: 6879: 6737: 3271:

Historically Jainism was practised by many communities across India. They are often conservative and are generally considered upper-caste.

1884: 9924: 5247:, Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India (28 October 2013). 524:. Ambedkar himself believed Walangkar to be the progenitor. Another early social reformer who worked to improve conditions for Dalits was 14790: 14394: 13936: 13528: 12592: 10058: 1854: 1450: 976: 10387: 4209:

Dalit literature has a rich history dating back to the fifteenth century, with significant contributions from Sudramuni Sarala Dasa and

607: 14083: 10281: 7886: 6543: 2733: 1131: 619:

Scheduled Caste communities exist across India and comprised 16.6% of the country's population, according to the 2011 Census of India.

9867: 9554: 9424: 6712: 5733: 3832: 3133:, leading several mass conversions of Dalits from Hinduism to Buddhism. Ambedkar's Buddhism is a new kind of Buddhism that focuses on 11991: 11303: 7361: 4738: 4381: 4343:

were constantly in conflict with each other but as of 2015 Mala and Madiga students work for common dalit cause at university level.

3366:

discrimination for Dalit Christians goes so far as to restrict not only employment but in some cases for clean sanitation and water.

2795:, 88 per cent discriminated against Dalit children. In 79 per cent of the schools studied Dalit children are forbidden from touching 10219: 9804: 9324: 8386: 7401: 3212:

Sikh women are required to have the surname "Kaur", and men, the surname "Singh", to eradicate caste identities and discrimination.

16589: 14018: 13906: 13649: 12797: 12792: 12787: 12529: 11252: 6854: 4602: 4436: 1058: 946: 297: 8208: 6354: 5030:"Independent labour party: 19th July (1937) in Dalit History – Dr. Ambedkar took oath as the member of Bombay Legislative Council" 3137:. About half a million Dalits joined Ambedkar in rejecting Hinduism and challenging its caste system. The movement is centered in 11233: 10631: 10326: 10191: 9468: 8095:"Resisting ritual repression and reclaiming social positions by Dalits in Tamilnadu: a critical discourse analysis of media text" 5171: 4640: 3963: 3206: 647: 584:, such practices are still widespread. To prevent harassment, assault, discrimination and similar acts against these groups, the 11147: 6623: 6600: 15533: 14257: 14028: 13856: 13841: 13836: 13682: 7069:

Lived Realities of Women Sanitation Workers in India: Insights from a Participatory Research Conducted in Three Cities of India

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politics are common in India, usually based on religion or caste. Indeed, the term itself was coined by the Indian sociologist

2619: 1313: 1068: 896: 881: 876: 706: 10874: 16599: 15561: 14088: 13821: 12724: 12658: 12458: 12439: 12382: 12330: 12286: 12225: 12175: 12148: 12123: 12102: 12081: 12060: 12029: 11974: 11440: 11337: 10680: 10100: 8876: 8724: 8598: 8488: 8453: 7047: 6898: 6200: 6038: 5891: 5863: 5833: 5641: 5608: 5573: 5537: 5468: 5422: 5202: 5141: 5106: 5068: 5009: 4979: 4849: 4813: 1136: 861: 306: 20: 10979: 10535: 318:

and is sometimes used to refer to all of India's oppressed peoples. A similar all-encompassing situation prevails in Nepal.

16609: 15587: 14596: 13911: 13733: 13559: 13126: 12934: 12903: 8633: 5788: 3786: 3592:

that drafted India's constitution. Ram also served in the interim national government of 1946 He served in the cabinets of

3298:. A 22-year-old youth, Chandaram Meghwal, was initiated as a Jain monk in Ahore town in Jalore district in 2005. In 2010 a 2835: 2643: 1660: 951: 765: 9899: 7281: 6464: 6220: 3925:

in the names of the bridegroom and bride, or deny them access to gurdwara-based religious services and community centres.

3156:. The Scheduled Castes Order (Amendment) Act, 1990 granted reservation to Dalit Buddhists and recognized their SC status. 15242: 14912: 14825: 14716: 14384: 14204: 13846: 13831: 3282:

community in the Udaipur region, who decided to adopt Jainism. Their centre, Ahimsa Nagar, located about four miles from

2320: 1976: 1889: 1780: 1440: 1258: 886: 871: 10566: 10173: 9767: 7242: 6973: 6410: 6273: 344:

definition. It can include nomadic tribes and another official classification that also originated with the British Raj

16619: 16090: 14810: 14284: 12698: 12693: 12668: 12648: 12420: 10672: 10146: 9715: 9701: 9600: 8668: 6381: 6192: 5395: 5337: 4777: 4386: 3805: 1874: 1340: 194:(1891–1956) said that untouchability came into Indian society around 400 CE, due to the struggle for supremacy between 9628: 4288:

was broadcast in 2009 where the main female character Maya, who is of upper class, falls in love with a Dalit person.

3747:

discrimination by legislating expression and behaviour and that barriers should instead be removed through education.

14458: 14289: 13785: 13763: 12875: 12480: 12401: 12308: 12263: 12244: 11823: 11655: 11193: 11131: 9777: 9746: 9736: 9638: 8807: 4713: 4040: 3663: 3026: 1514: 1345: 817: 795: 11178: 9012: 5234: 4113:'s Gulamgiri in 1873 marked a seminal moment in Dalit literature, shedding light on the plight of the Untouchables. 3962:, the demand for labourers brought in many caste-diverse South Asian immigrants, many of whom were Dalit. After the 16604: 16594: 15195: 15032: 14932: 14389: 14279: 13131: 12602: 11120: 4249: 3700: 3061: 2273: 2102: 1996: 1445: 1335: 12502: 16614: 15580: 14785: 14296: 14058: 13861: 13334: 13050: 12927: 12567: 10358: 6071: 3801: 3770: 2974: 2636: 1849: 1352: 1106: 901: 9868:"17% of BSP votes came from Brahmins, according to a survey by the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies" 9586: 8691: 16584: 16579: 13921: 13538: 13533: 12880: 12673: 11503: 8141: 4932: 4622: 4022: 3917:

The few gurdwaras that accept inter-caste marriages do so reluctantly. Gurdwaras may insist on the presence of

3609: 3470: 3110:. In September 2015, four Dalit women were fined by the upper-caste Hindus for entering a temple in Karnataka. 961: 14063: 11678: 1111: 15464: 15180: 13901: 13382: 13098: 12976: 12908: 12678: 12577: 9666: 8839: 3959: 3881: 3589: 2925: 2900:

Caste-related violence between Dalit and non-Dalits stems from ongoing prejudice by upper caste members. The

2550: 2258: 941: 650:, "India has 600,000 villages and almost every village a small pocket on the outskirts is meant for Dalits." 11795: 9042:

Shyamlal (1992). "Jain Movement and Socio-Religious Transformation of the 'Bhangis' of Jodhpur, Rajasthan".

5488:

Paik, Shailaja (September 2011). "Mahar–Dalit–Buddhist: The history and politics of naming in Maharashtra".

4172:

in the late 19th century. The Tamil Dalit literary movement gained momentum in the 1990s, influenced by the

14743: 14691: 13672: 13642: 13601: 13521: 13420: 13111: 12522: 11880:"Road to India—A Brazilian Love Story: BRICS, Migration, and Cultural Flows in Brazil's Caminho das Indias" 11529: 11220: 7714: 4535:, an ethnic group in the Spanish Basque country and the French Basque coast sometimes linked to the Cagots. 3842: 3613: 3427: 2812: 2779:

According to an analysis by The IndiaGoverns Research Institute, Dalits constituted nearly half of primary

1807: 1755: 696: 611:

Scheduled Castes distribution in India by state and union territory according to the 2011 Census of India.

559: 544: 6039:"Under India's caste system, Dalits are considered untouchable. The coronavirus is intensifying that slur" 2913:

has been proposed as a remedy, but according to a 2014 survey of 42,000 households by the New Delhi-based

2819:

in 2011–12. In urban areas, 21.8 per cent of SC populations were below the poverty line. A 2012 survey by

15940: 15375: 15227: 14646: 14247: 14193: 13468: 13372: 13233: 13035: 12966: 12572: 11636:"Caste and the literary imagination in the context of Odia literature: a reading of Akhila Nayak's Bheda" 9298: 9157: 3492: 2461: 2305: 1710: 1303: 1241: 7743:"A Khap Panchayat in UP Wants Two Dalit Sisters Raped Because Their Brother Eloped with a Married Woman" 15484: 14269: 13956: 13687: 13410: 13311: 13281: 13223: 13152: 13121: 13065: 13013: 12663: 10030: 9707: 9592: 6311: 5600: 5460: 3900:

have united to establish their own temples throughout Britain. Some Valmiki temples keep a copy of the

2816: 2570: 1325: 996: 711: 6946: 4168:, and Kalyani Charal. Tamil Nadu has a long history of Dalit literature, starting from the efforts of 15660: 14837: 14651: 14553: 14438: 14105: 14073: 13743: 13677: 13616: 13367: 13228: 12849: 12683: 10825: 9275: 8569: 8364: 4258:

or other film industries of India and the community were rarely depicted at the heart of storylines.

3464: 3458: 3449: 3395: 3057: 1901: 1715: 1609: 1494: 1153: 1121: 775: 701: 495: 361: 199: 11696: 9094: 8946:[Even the country was divided in the name of religion: Paharia] (in Hindi). 18 October 2013. 8231:"How history has systematically distorted the figure of Shivaji: Excerpt from Govind Pansare's book" 3958:

Many Dalits first came to the United States to flee caste-based oppression in South Asia. After the

16177: 15097: 14985: 14832: 14601: 14538: 14366: 14321: 14183: 14068: 14050: 13986: 13916: 13800: 13430: 13415: 13354: 13291: 13238: 13162: 12870: 12201: 10839:

Lerche, Jens (2008). "Transnational Advocacy Networks and Affirmative Action for Dalits in India".

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The fight for temple entry rights for Dalits continues to cause controversy. In a 2015 incident in

2906: 2167: 2055: 1896: 1665: 1594: 1422: 1377: 1231: 1116: 1096: 1026: 956: 832: 81: 9028:

From Higher Caste to Lower Caste: The Processes of Asprashyeekaran and the Myth of Sanskritization

8918: 8911:"Latest Udaipur News 31/12/2013: वीरवाल जैन समाज के गुरु की पुण्यतिथि मार्च में – www.bhaskar.com" 6054:"What is the progress in elementary education participation in India during the last two decades?" 5855:

DFID's programme in Bangladesh: third report of session 2009–10, Vol. 2: Oral and written evidence

3914:

in 1999, Jat Sikhs refused to eat food that had been cooked and prepared by the Chamar community.

2830:

Some Dalits have achieved affluence, although most remain poor. Some Dalit intellectuals, such as

15551: 15380: 15360: 15222: 15212: 15170: 14800: 14641: 14503: 14473: 14468: 14411: 14346: 14331: 14264: 14237: 14222: 13635: 13213: 13028: 12996: 12612: 12562: 12515: 12021:

The Bhangi: A Sweeper Caste, Its Socio-economic Portraits: with Special Reference to Jodhpur City

10035: 9824:

Pai, Sudha (1994). "Caste and Communal Mobilisation in the Electoral Politics of Uttar Pradesh".

9270: 8961: 8660: 8625: 8445: 5354:"Stop calling Dalits 'Harijan': SC calls the term abusive, as we remain ignorant and insensitive" 5257: 4416: 4011: 3740: 3644: 3454: 3130: 2748:, Dalits and Muslims face discrimination from upper caste landlords when seeking places to rent. 2680: 2466: 2446: 2300: 2290: 2248: 1864: 1705: 1559: 1529: 1524: 1467: 1402: 1387: 1320: 1293: 1278: 662: 568: 404:

to describe ex-untouchables became more common among other castes than within Dalits themselves.

345: 171: 14448: 11332:, Mondes Indiens/South Asia, Pondichéry: Institut Français de Pondichéry, pp. vii–xxxviii, 10731:

Human rights watch (2001) Caste discrimination: A global concern. Human Rights Commission. p. 22

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The construction of religious boundaries: culture, identity, and diversity in the Sikh tradition

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found that 93 per cent of Dalit families in the state of Karnataka live below the poverty line.

1504: 459:

caste, into which Ambedkar was born. Most other communities prefer to use their own caste name.

15615: 15603: 15479: 15452: 15442: 14922: 14902: 14765: 14636: 14533: 14483: 14453: 14433: 14361: 14341: 14316: 14311: 14306: 14217: 14188: 14161: 14137: 14132: 13728: 13718: 13584: 13023: 12950: 9934: 7035: 5562:

Religion, Human Rights and International Law: A Critical Examination of Islamic State Practices

5133: 4018: 2918: 2565: 2538: 2528: 1986: 1966: 1829: 1700: 1589: 1539: 1509: 1489: 1417: 1397: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1273: 1236: 1209: 1185: 1180: 760: 750: 12050: 10666: 10084: 9026: 7970: 5877: 5819: 5629: 5594: 5557: 5127: 4922: 4839: 4799: 16449: 16357: 15919: 15447: 15407: 15340: 15237: 15185: 15112: 14867: 14631: 14543: 14518: 14513: 14498: 14493: 14488: 14428: 14376: 14336: 14242: 14212: 14115: 13738: 13606: 13596: 13498: 13483: 13425: 13321: 13296: 13208: 13157: 13147: 13106: 13060: 13055: 12991: 12839: 12688: 12607: 12557: 12538: 12019: 11278:"Meet Chuni Kotal, the Dalit Advasi woman from Bengal who battled stigma in Indian education" 9957: 9444:"Nepal Dalit leader says Modi's stress on consensus has meant dilution in draft constitution" 8866: 8797: 8710: 8654: 5854: 5527: 5412: 5092: 5059:. In Chaudhary, Nandita; Hviid, Pernille; Marsico, Giuseppina; Villadsen, Jakob Waag (eds.). 5056: 3775: 3244: 3202: 3034: 3005: 2930: 2876:

allowed entry into ration shops, and 64 per cent were given fewer grains than non-Dalits. In

2663: 2533: 2493: 2426: 2315: 2263: 2182: 1931: 1695: 1599: 1574: 1569: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1484: 1432: 1392: 1298: 1268: 1163: 770: 581: 159: 96: 15572: 12301:

Dalits and the Democratic Revolution – Dr. Ambedkar and the Dalit Movement in Colonial India

8983: 8250:"Why lakhs of Indians celebrate the British victory over the Maratha Peshwas every New Year" 7423: 6248:"India a dangerous, violent place for Muslims under Modi government, says minorities report" 5454: 5029: 4969: 4284: 3910:

Caste-based discrimination has occurred amongst Sikhs in the UK. At a sports competition in

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said that the impact is on a relatively small number of people. Religious studies professor

16512: 15910: 15318: 14852: 14726: 14443: 14401: 14351: 14326: 14147: 14110: 13851: 13713: 13579: 13344: 13018: 12986: 12730: 12587: 11851: 11588: 8480: 6631: 6111: 5387: 5243: 5238: 4769: 4653: 4451: 3670:

was elected as the President of India, becoming the second dalit president of the country.

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Chamars fought a four-year court battle with the landlords and their allies, including the

2910: 2820: 2780: 2404: 1916: 1790: 1499: 1457: 1407: 1382: 1195: 1158: 891: 745: 563: 501: 175: 11589:"Genesis, Historicity and Persistence of Dalit Protest Literature and Movements in Odisha" 11009: 4152:

became popular. In Bengal, the Dalit literary movement began in 1992 after the suicide of

245:, in the context of the oppression faced by the erstwhile "untouchable" castes from other 8: 16256: 16201: 16196: 16191: 15634: 15494: 15355: 14990: 14892: 14872: 14661: 14569: 14528: 14508: 14478: 14371: 14166: 13981: 13611: 13516: 13455: 13400: 13377: 12829: 12777: 10794: 10422: 9873: 9575:

Verma, R.K., 1991. Caste and Bihar Politics. Economic and Political Weekly, pp.1142–1144.

8590: 8521: 7396: 7247: 6326: 5970: 5825: 5306: 5301: 4662: 4611: 4580: 4522: 4406: 4268: 3838: 3733: 3624: 3601: 3513: 3476: 3423: 3399: 3049: 2988: 2831: 2580: 2441: 2060: 1956: 1936: 1725: 1633: 1584: 1564: 1534: 1427: 1214: 1021: 585: 11259: 11126:, Editors: Nalini Natarajan, Emmanuel Sampath Nelson. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996. 6156: 16337: 16314: 15791: 15751: 15607: 15267: 15262: 15252: 15200: 15190: 15165: 15107: 15065: 14975: 14970: 14965: 14877: 14178: 13589: 13574: 13543: 13445: 13435: 13218: 13182: 13075: 13045: 13006: 12741: 12361: 12140: 11716: 11616: 11485: 11411: 11304:"A Brief Introductory Overview of Bengali Dalit Literature – Y – The ILF Samanvay Blog" 11154: 10901:"Case to Watch: Cisco lawsuit tests anti-bias laws' application to Indian caste system" 9962: 9809: 9680: 9359: 9210: 8760: 8272: 8189: 8122: 8013: 7947: 7800: 7796:"'Anti-Brahmin' posts on social media: 5 more held for murder of Dalit lawyer in Kutch" 7630: 7028: 7003: 6636: 6386: 6358: 6182: 6160: 6133: 6106: 5995: 5505: 5277: 4538: 4161: 4145: 4129: 3084: 2796: 2693: 2672: 2345: 2340: 2330: 2278: 2268: 2243: 2177: 2135: 2045: 2040: 2035: 1941: 1226: 373: 10824:

Zwick-Maitreyi, M.; Soundararajan, T.; Dar, N.; Bheel, R.F.; Balakrishnan, P. (2018).

5664: 4494: 3584:(1908–1986) was the first scheduled caste leader to emerge at the national level from 2709:

inflating the figure. Across India, Untouchability was practised among 52 per cent of

221:

for the outcasts and untouchables who were oppressed and broken in the Hindu society.

206:, who was an excommunicated Brahmin, fought for the rights of untouchables during the 16319: 16245: 16163: 15680: 15626: 15526: 15437: 15365: 15350: 15149: 15092: 14897: 14805: 14696: 14616: 14463: 13768: 13569: 13473: 13463: 13286: 13203: 13187: 13116: 13083: 12782: 12476: 12454: 12435: 12416: 12397: 12378: 12365: 12326: 12304: 12282: 12259: 12240: 12221: 12171: 12144: 12119: 12098: 12077: 12056: 12025: 11970: 11891: 11651: 11620: 11608: 11562: 11477: 11446: 11436: 11415: 11403: 11333: 11189: 11127: 11103: 11069: 10856: 10852: 10769:

Language Conflict and Language Rights: Ethnolinguistic Perspectives on Human Conflict

10676: 10096: 10092: 9773: 9742: 9711: 9634: 9596: 9351: 9243: 8940: 8900:वीरवाल जैन समाज के गुरु की पुण्यतिथि मार्च में, Bhaskar News Network|31 December 2013 8872: 8803: 8720: 8664: 8629: 8594: 8484: 8449: 8181: 8126: 8114: 8042: 8017: 8005: 7986:"Dalits and Their Religious Identity in India: A Critical Look at Existing Practices" 7823: 7166:"Three-Quarters of Death Row Prisoners are from Lower Castes or Religious Minorities" 7043: 6196: 6138: 6020: 5887: 5859: 5829: 5637: 5604: 5569: 5533: 5509: 5464: 5418: 5391: 5333: 5137: 5102: 5064: 5005: 4975: 4928: 4845: 4809: 4773: 4762: 4709: 4426: 4411: 4201: 4173: 4094: 4054: 3902: 3790: 3556: 3287: 3142: 3114: 2856: 2852: 2612: 2523: 2451: 2436: 2219: 2162: 1961: 1869: 1760: 1680: 1519: 800: 596: 521: 72: 11879: 10952:""U.S. court penalises California State department in caste discrimination lawsuit"" 10007: 6640: 2921:, it was estimated that only 5 per cent of Indian marriages cross caste boundaries. 16309: 16249: 16217: 15489: 15474: 15402: 15323: 15293: 15124: 14960: 14666: 14232: 14227: 14078: 13976: 13564: 13493: 13488: 13478: 13405: 13001: 12958: 12653: 12353: 11738: 11643: 11600: 11395: 10987: 10848: 9985: 9425:"How the VCK Emerged as More Than 'Just a Dalit Party' in the Tamil Nadu Elections" 8525: 8170:"Gandhi's Harijan Padyatra in Orissa in 1934: Claims over a Contested Social Space" 8106: 7997: 6128: 6120: 5565: 5497: 5269: 4461: 4421: 4263: 4090: 4074: 4062: 4058: 3990: 3655: 3620: 3597: 3432: 3338: 3134: 2752: 2718: 2575: 2560: 2488: 2409: 2379: 2194: 2030: 1730: 1288: 1283: 1126: 1016: 509: 505: 234: 214: 163: 100: 45: 13088: 8778: 8530: 8509: 8412: 8110: 7768: 5938: 5912: 5852:

Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: International Development Committee.

5214: 4331:

and Ravidasis and sometimes refuse to intermarry with them. They are divided into

2859:, which in much of India means collection & disposal of faeces from latrines. 202:. Some Hindu priests befriended untouchables and were demoted to low-caste ranks. 16384: 16241: 16185: 16128: 16108: 15988: 15975: 15953: 15949: 15779: 15774: 15729: 15670: 15504: 15412: 15308: 15257: 15117: 15102: 15082: 15047: 14760: 14671: 14606: 14406: 14356: 14142: 14001: 13306: 12981: 12971: 12582: 12468: 12323:

Dalit Visions: The Anti-caste Movement and the Construction of an Indian Identity

12278: 12134: 12113: 12092: 12071: 11964: 11399: 11185: 11158: 9383: 8716: 8619: 8584: 8551: 8474: 8439: 7920: 7686: 7514: 7338: 6692: 6573: 6515: 6441: 6186: 6107:"Changing Educational Inequalities in India in the Context of Affirmative Action" 5821:

Political Governance and Minority Rights: The South and South-East Asian Scenario

5523: 5450: 5198: 5088: 4999: 4965: 4877: 4193: 4189: 4102: 4078: 3659: 3643:

in reaching across castes has led to speculation about her as a potential future

3548: 3328: 2688: 2590: 2498: 2394: 2335: 2187: 2172: 2152: 2117: 1824: 1735: 1670: 1462: 1412: 1190: 1041: 577: 357: 275: 270: 207: 91:

meaning "broken/scattered") is a term first coined by the Indian social reformer

8094: 7212: 5796: 4951:"Dalit, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, June 2016. Web. 23 August 2016. 4192:

literature, Dalit voices gained prominence through the activism of leaders like

4132:

further strengthened the Dalit movement in Maharashtra introducing the seminal "

3654:

was chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from 11 January 1960 to 12 March 1962, and

16574: 16275: 16265: 16226: 16010: 15961: 15944: 15935: 15931: 15883: 15860: 15836: 15803: 15798: 15696: 15499: 15457: 15427: 15417: 15335: 15328: 15313: 15303: 15139: 15075: 15017: 15012: 14997: 14780: 14775: 14770: 14656: 14591: 14120: 14093: 13946: 13658: 13508: 13440: 13392: 13329: 13248: 13177: 13040: 12751: 12638: 12617: 11383: 11237: 7561: 7494: 7310: 7189: 7088: 6922: 6771: 6660: 5766: 5501: 4687:"From Buddhist texts to East India Company to now, 'Dalit' has come a long way" 4500: 4483: 4456: 4441: 4401: 4396: 4359: 4297: 4214: 4197: 4133: 4110: 4086: 3866: 3729: 3688: 3679: 3667: 3639: 3571: 3390: 3319:

of Jodhpur came under the influence of Acharya Shri Tulsi and adopted Jainism.

3248: 3126: 3092: 3088: 2901: 2815:, 33.8 per cent of Scheduled Caste (SC) populations in rural India were living 2792: 2760: 2676: 2585: 2543: 2513: 2503: 2421: 2414: 2399: 2389: 2209: 2145: 2087: 2082: 2067: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1720: 1655: 1168: 1141: 986: 670: 540: 536: 525: 437: 397: 263: 242: 218: 191: 92: 9828:. LV, No3 (July September 1994). Indian Political Science Association: 307–20. 9703:

The Politics of India since Independence (The new Cambridge history of India.)

8751:

Jodhka, Surinder S (17 May 2002). "Caste and Untouchability in Rural Punjab".

6486:"Biggest caste survey: One in four Indians admit to practising untouchability" 4896: 3619:

In modern times several Bharatiya Janata Party leaders were Dalits, including

2783:

in Karnataka during the period 2012–14. A sample survey in 2014, conducted by

16568: 16397: 16370: 16286: 16281: 16212: 16123: 16020: 15895: 15890: 15786: 15769: 15764: 15734: 15712: 15649: 15644: 15511: 15134: 15070: 15055: 14917: 14882: 14862: 14733: 14676: 14611: 14023: 13926: 13301: 13261: 12834: 12736: 11895: 11612: 11604: 11566: 11481: 11450: 11407: 11107: 11073: 10860: 10662: 9355: 8185: 8118: 8069:"Not allowed to enter temple, dalit minister tells Himachal Pradesh assembly" 8046: 8009: 8001: 5879:

The Separatist Conflict in Sri Lanka: Terrorism, Ethnicity, Political Economy

5166: 4431: 4376: 4259: 4233: 4206: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4141: 4125: 4121: 4082: 3978: 3943: 3605: 3149: 3103: 2951:

procession at a village in Tamil Nadu. In August 2015, it was claimed that a

2864: 2714: 2597: 2204: 2140: 2125: 1981: 1946: 1926: 1797: 1740: 1675: 1063: 966: 620: 612: 420: 387:, a Gujarati poet-saint of the Bhakti tradition, to refer to all devotees of 384: 10668:

The South Asian Religious Diaspora in Britain, Canada, and the United States

10449: 7531:"Dalit woman allegedly stripped in Madhya Pradesh, forced to consumed urine" 5966: 16555: 16497: 16472: 16291: 16270: 16222: 16206: 16153: 16058: 16035: 15878: 15822: 15741: 15345: 15232: 15060: 15027: 15007: 14937: 14927: 14907: 14887: 14523: 14421: 14416: 14152: 14127: 13991: 13931: 13896: 13866: 13167: 12746: 11800: 10743:"Multiculturalism: The Rise of Mixed-marriage Britain, Islam and Pluralism" 10392: 10363: 10106: 9790: 9752: 9721: 9672: 9651: 9613: 8813: 8737: 8639: 8604: 8494: 8459: 7985: 7556:"Families of 2 dalit grooms ostracized for riding horse as marriage ritual" 7428: 6206: 6142: 5897: 5839: 5647: 5614: 5579: 5474: 5435: 5147: 5112: 5074: 5015: 4938: 4855: 4819: 4576: 4568: 4371: 4336: 4313: 4222: 3782: 3725: 3581: 3552: 3544: 3437: 3375: 3041: 2935: 2881: 2880:

state, 49 per cent of Dalit children under five years were underweight and

2863:

sanitation work. The most common Dalit caste performing sanitation work is

2431: 2310: 2130: 2097: 2077: 2001: 1991: 1971: 1951: 1579: 1477: 1472: 1200: 1175: 1031: 971: 936: 906: 643: 151: 11647: 11430: 7184:"Withdraw false cases, release arrested Dalits: Congress on police action" 6088: 5414:

Kings and untouchables : a study of the caste system in western India

4731:"Castes in a Global Perspective - Is Caste Only a Hindu Problem? (Part 6)" 3551:

associated with Ranvir Sena in Bihar Dalit massacres while governments of

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Caste in the United States. A Survey of Caste among South Asian Americans

10789:"European Roma descended from Indian 'untouchables', genetic study shows" 10562: 9231:

Scheduled Castes Converts and Social Disabilities: A survey of Tamil Nadu

9064:

Ethnographic Discourse of the Other: Conceptual and methodological issues

7275: 6221:"They're Hindu too but still feel at the bottom of India's social ladder" 5681: 5379: 5001:

Ethnographic Discourse of the Other: Conceptual and Methodological Issues

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for untouchables and outcasts, who represented the lowest stratum of the

11966:

Community and Worldview Among Paraiyars of South India: 'Lived' Religion

11765:"Dalits in Bollywood: A skewed equation nobody is willing to talk about" 11489: 11465: 11325: 9840: 9363: 8193: 8169: 5295: 2969:

Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989

16074: 15853: 15707: 15521: 15516: 15397: 15392: 15288: 15272: 15129: 15022: 14980: 14942: 14750: 14738: 14711: 14701: 14621: 14040: 14035: 14006: 13941: 13790: 12854: 12643: 12357: 12073:

Untouchable Citizens: Dalit Movements and Democratization in Tamil Nadu

10614:

UK: Government Decides Against Writing Caste into the Equality Act 2010

8764: 8329:"Dalits fume over fine on their women for entering temple in Karnataka" 7773: 6124: 5281: 4606: 4561: 4557: 4210: 4165: 4057:. It has formed an identity across various Indian languages, including 4025: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3947: 3911: 3762: 3628: 3574:, a Dalit politician, was a prominent member of the Hindutva movement. 3560: 3178: 3170: 3153: 3045: 3020: 2952: 2948: 2713:, 33 per cent of Other Backward Classes and 24 per cent of non-Brahmin 2667: 2607: 2602: 2483: 2478: 2374: 2350: 2199: 2092: 2050: 2006: 1814: 1802: 1775: 1765: 1685: 1080: 1075: 1046: 981: 822: 543:

made by the British Raj authorities, and the outcome of the Pact – the

532: 429: 304:

as a label to be "unconstitutional" because modern legislation prefers

15665: 10304: 10085:"Thinking about Democracy, Identity Politics and Development in India" 9547:"Nitish, Lalu and BJP in the dock again over Dalit massacres in Bihar" 8960:. Jaipur. Abha Sharma DH News Service. 1 February 2005. Archived from 6999:"Landlessness is higher among Dalits but more adivasis are 'deprived'" 5558:"Why the Hindu Caste System Presents a New Challenge for Human Rights" 5456:

The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India

4971:

The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India

3789:(EHRC), which focused on the proposed inclusion of a provision in the 3333:

Christian Dalits are found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

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that time been associated with the Dalit caste, i.e. "untouchables").

10483: 10224: 10196: 9929: 8333: 8305: 8037: 7891: 7864: 7659: 7610: 7581: 7366: 6838: 6742: 6331: 5883: 5098: 4572: 4530: 4508: 4477: 4446: 4391: 4255: 4229: 3540: 3530: 3526: 3220: 3189:

caste; there are also two Dalit Sikh castes in the state, called the

3165: 2944: 2824: 2788: 2745: 2741: 2722: 2684: 2508: 2456: 2157: 1750: 856: 513: 451:, according to historian and women's studies academic Shailaja Paik, 441: 433: 132: 119: 113: 12341: 8142:"Denied in life, India's lower-caste Dalits fight for land in death" 7943:"Fighting caste discrimination is about changing attitude, than law" 7824:"The Indian Dalit man killed for eating in front of upper-caste men" 5273: 4000: 3535:

Anti-Dalit prejudices exist in groups such as the extremist militia

2732:

Examples of segregation have included the Madhya Pradesh village of

253:

was in use as a translation for the Indian census classification of

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Haqqi, Anwarul Haque, Indian Political Science Association (1986).

9248: 7828: 7719: 7626:"Temple procession row: TN police nab 75 for torching Dalit houses" 6469: 6225: 5943: 5686: 4805: 4585: 4544: 4169: 3874: 3794: 3758:

found insufficient evidence to justify specific legislation, while

3736:

diaspora, Dalits immigrated and established their own communities.

3684: 3635: 3567: 3295: 3278:

Jain called Muni Sameer Muni came into contact with members of the

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A Dalit was killed in 2019 for eating in front of upper-caste men.

2473: 2295: 2214: 1859: 1785: 1690: 1650: 1011: 1006: 1001: 926: 921: 866: 517: 393: 226: 195: 143: 139: 12256:

Debrahmanising History: Dominance and Resistance in Indian Society

10632:"Campaigners urge government to tackle caste discrimination in UK" 9000: 4323:

Many converted Dalit Sikhs claim a superior status over the Hindu

4200:, addressing issues of caste discrimination and social injustice. 4188:

have made significant contributions to Tamil Dalit literature. In

262:. In the 1970s its use was invigorated when it was adopted by the 16467: 16457: 16435: 16414: 16374: 16350: 16113: 16103: 16098: 16015: 15639: 13891: 13795: 13775: 13748: 13723: 13627: 12714: 12622: 12507: 11911:

Dalits and Human Rights: Dalits: security and rights implications

11856: 9141:. South Indian Missionary Congress. Madras, Tamil Nadu, IN. 1908. 8146: 4644: 4636: 4598: 4347: 4106: 4098: 4070: 3893: 3869:

are caste-based and one can indirectly inquire about a person's

3694: 3190: 2877: 2848: 2768: 2737: 2710: 931: 827: 807: 780: 755: 678: 632: 444:, respectively, as a generic term for anyone from a Dalit caste. 388: 147: 128: 12756: 12413:

Writing Caste Writing Gender:Narrating Dalit Women's Testimonios

10665:; Hinnells, John R.; Williams, Raymond Brady (1 February 2012). 9399:"Madras HC orders ECI to consider VCK's request for star symbol" 7715:"9 Things You Need To Know About The Khap 'Rape Order' in India" 3409: 3011:

based on a "composite culture" made all people equal citizens.

372:"Harijan" redirects here. For the weekly founded by Gandhi, see 28: 16492: 16361: 16003: 15900: 15865: 15848: 15843: 15806: 15691: 14847: 13876: 13780: 13758: 13753: 13703: 12094:

Decentralisation and Local Governance: Essays for George Mathew

8441:

Religious Conversion in India: Modes, Motivations, and Meanings

8209:"In Kerala, Dalit students facing difficulties to get educated" 7682:"Jat leaders in UP village deny ordering rape of Dalit sisters" 6917:"93% dalit families still live below poverty line, says survey" 6795:"dalit-headmistress-accuses-upper-caste-teachers-of-harassment" 4340: 4332: 4328: 4317: 4309: 4218: 4157: 3897: 3316: 3308: 3279: 3228: 3216: 3182: 3099: 3073: 3065: 3053: 2885: 2764: 1911: 916: 812: 790: 785: 735: 203: 111:. Several scholars have drawn parallels between Dalits and the 104: 12166:

Franco, Fernando; Macwan, Jyotsna; Ramanathan, Suguna (2004).

11324:

Buck, David C.; M, Kannan (9 October 2020), Kannan, M. (ed.),

10657: 10655: 10653: 10305:"The 'Dalit Muslims' and the All-India Backward Muslim Morcha" 9062:

Mohanty, Panchanan; Malik, Ramesh C.; Kasi, Eswarappa (2009).

7916:"States lag in setting up courts to address SC, ST grievances" 5061:

Resistance in Everyday Life: Constructing Cultural Experiences

3209:(SGPC), 20 of the 140 seats are reserved for low-caste Sikhs. 269:

Socio-legal scholar Oliver Mendelsohn and political economist

16502: 16482: 16462: 16391: 16380: 16133: 16066: 16050: 15993: 15830: 15654: 15602: 14857: 13708: 12552: 11796:"How Bollywood is starting to deal with India's caste system" 10926:"California sues Cisco for bias based on Indian caste system" 10479:"Caste discrimination – U.K. Dalits win the argument, nearly" 10248:"Central legislation of SC/ST sub-plan may be a reality soon" 9522:"Cobrapost film on Bihar Dalit massacres 'exposes' BJP links" 9077: 9075: 9073: 7984:

Kesalu, Satri Veera; Srinivasulu, Vukkala (1 November 2019).

7471:"Upper caste youths force Dalit to eat excreta in Tamil Nadu" 6899:"Who among India's young are likely to become modern slaves?" 5996:"Retention and Transculturation of Hinduism in the Caribbean" 4516: 4486: 4324: 4066: 3892:

A Valmiki Temple in the UK. Caste segregation has meant that

3870: 3732:

was largely driven by labour shortages. Like the rest of the

3585: 3501: 3480: 3414: 3304: 3299: 3232: 3107: 3106:

was denied entry to a Hindu temple; he went on to convert to

2939: 2884:

while 80 per cent of those in the 6–59 months age group were

1921: 740: 628: 456: 340:

encompasses a broader range of communities than the official

246: 155: 124: 10725: 10505: 10059:"KR Narayanan to RN Kovind — A tale of two Dalit Presidents" 6974:"In an Indian Village, Signs of the Loosening Grip of Caste" 6880:"Dalits in India are poorer than Muslims: Government report" 6157:"India: "Hidden Apartheid" of Discrimination Against Dalits" 3658:

was chief minister of Bihar for just under a year. In 1997,

3358:

in Andhra Pradesh, by members of all religious backgrounds.

2751:

In 1855, Mutka Salve, a 14-year-old student of Dalit leader

400:

was outlawed after Indian independence, the use of the word

16:

Marginalized castes in India and other South Asian countries

16138: 15469: 15298: 12473:

From Untouchable to Dalit – Essays on the Ambedkar Movement

10650: 9866:

Stancati, Margherita; Agarwal, Vibhuti (16 February 2012).

9186:"Indian Dalits find no refuge from caste in Christianity". 8846: 6834:"Dalit professor alleges harassment by colleague, students" 6624:"Compliance or Defiance? The Case of Dalits and Mahadalits" 5634:

Social Exclusion: Essays in Honour of Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak

4335:

that regulate their marriage alliances. In Andhra Pradesh,

4089:, and others. The earliest identifiably Dalit writers were 3865:

A Sikh gurdwara in Smethwick. The majority of gurdwaras in

3443: 3177:

calls for everyone to treat each other equally. Subsequent

3141:, and according to the 2011 census, there were 6.5 million 2955: 2555: 2384: 314:

has encompassed more communities than the official term of

238: 11922: 11920: 11504:"Dalit Theatre in Gujarati: Trends, Patterns, Differences" 10701: 10417:"India clashes with Britain over Equality Bill racism law" 10087:. In Brar, Bhupinder; Kumar, Ashutosh; Ram, Ronki (eds.). 9671:. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 122 – via 9070: 8891:

Nathuram Chandalia, Mewad men Veerwal Pravriti, pp. 220–21

7974:. MJP Publisher; 11 June 2019. GGKEY:SW8XELLJGLC. p. 104–. 7577:"Dalit groom beaten up in M.P. village for riding a horse" 6569:"In 5 star Bengaluru hotel, Dalits show they have arrived" 5939:"Outlaw caste discrimination in UK, peers tell government" 5702:"Meira Kumar, a Dalit leader is the new Lok Sabha Speaker" 4897:"Eknath | Marathi Poet, Bhakti Movement & Maharashtra" 4706:

Working Skin: Making Leather, Making a Multicultural Japan

4093:, an 11th-century cobbler-saint who lived in the reign of 3888: 3507: 2725:

and Bihar (47 per cent), Uttar Pradesh (43 per cent), and

653: 10980:"Meena Kandasamy: Brief Introduction to Dalit Literature" 7510:"Dalit youth assaulted, forced to eat human faeces in UP" 6544:"Study shows NCR homeowners turn away Dalits and Muslims" 6511:"Dalits in MP village not allowed to use public borewell" 6327:"Untouchability still prevalent in rural Gujarat: survey" 6306: 5716:"Stop using the term Dalit: I&B Ministry tells media" 4176:

report and Ambedkar centenary celebrations. Writers like

3781:

From September 2013 to February 2014, Indian philosopher

3662:, who was a Dalit, was elected as President of India. In 3337:

of Kerala. The first people converted to Christianity by

3186: 60: 54: 12187:"Positive Discrimination in India: A Political Analysis" 9461: 9154:

Homo Hierarchicus: The caste system and its implications

6713:"Dalit professor 'harassed' for SC quota reforms thesis" 6688:"Children bear the brunt of caste abuses in rural areas" 5734:"SCs, STs form 25% of population, says Census 2011 data" 5260:(March 1976). "Kerala Christians and the Caste System". 3885:

system and caste identity is entrenched and reinforced.

555:, and also reserved seats for them in the legislatures. 11917: 10767:

Davies, William D.; Dubinsky, Stanley (9 August 2018).

10689: 9900:"UP's Dalits Remind Mayawati: Democracy is a Beautiful" 4266:) launched his career in Bollywood with his debut film 4097:

and who is regarded by some scholars as the "father of

642:

India is home to over 200 million Dalits. According to

360:

and Muslims, and the tribal communities often practise

12342:"The rise of new Dalit women in Indian historiography" 12165: 11089:"Dalit Literature and Culture in Marginalized Society" 10762: 10760: 10713: 10661: 10508:"Caste Discrimination and Harassment in Great Britain" 9859: 9495:"Ranvir Sena banned and declared as a Terrorist Group" 8692:"Akali Dal demands inclusion of Jat Sikhs in OBC list" 7392:"India's "Untouchables" Face Violence, Discrimination" 7083:"49% of Haryana's dalit kids are malnourished: Report" 6738:"VHP, Bajrang Dal activists beat up a Dalit professor" 6437:"Casteism exists in India, let's not remain in denial" 6411:"Between the bathroom and the kitchen, there is caste" 6357:. Indianchristians.in. 15 October 2006. Archived from 5630:"Positive Discrimination in the Constitution of India" 5057:"Dalit Women in India: Crafting Narratives of Success" 3148:

Another Dalit Buddhist leader and reformer was Pandit

86: 12214:

Untouchable!: Voices of the Dalit Liberation Movement

8558: 6681: 6679: 6072:"Development of Scheduled Castes in India – A Review" 4959: 4957: 4873:"Top RSS leader misquotes Ambedkar on untouchability" 11944: 11932: 11697:"Lesson – 4 : P10144 – The Novels of K. Daniel" 11121:

Issues of Language and Representation:Babu Rao Bagul

10359:"Asian caste discrimination rife in UK, says report" 9958:"Brahmin Vote Helps Party of Low Caste Win in India" 9925:"Mayawati bets on Brahmin-Dalit card for U.P. polls" 8473:

Christopher Queen (2015). Steven M. Emmanuel (ed.).

5761:"Half of India's dalit population lives in 4 states" 4801:

India Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic

3975:

California Department of Fair Employment and Housing

3087:

passed Brahminhood onto a Dalit, while in Shivaji's

63: 57: 51: 12136:

Sikh Identity: An Exploration of Groups Among Sikhs

11712:"Dalits strive to make it in Hindi, Bhojpuri films" 10757: 10089:

Globalization and the Politics of Identity in India

8868:

Jainism and Ecology: Nonviolence in the Web of Life

8548:

Buddhism in India: Challenging Brahmanism and Caste

7606:"Dalit wedding fetes face feudal rage in Rajasthan" 6347: 6021:"India top court recalls controversial caste order" 2771:are considered the lowest within the Dalit groups. 48: 12497: 11124:Handbook of twentieth-century literatures of India 10787: 10499: 10415: 9244:"Why are many Indian Muslims seen as untouchable?" 9200: 9121:The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 7071:. Participatory Research in Asia, New Delhi, India 7027: 6676: 5781: 5448: 4963: 4954: 4761: 4541:, ethnic discrimination in the Spanish Old Regime. 4316:in the 1990s boycotted the BSP, claiming it was a 4254:Until the 1980s, Dalits had little involvement in 3797:to identify tests for caste-based discrimination. 103:of the caste hierarchy and were seen as forming a 15433:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 12052:Desh Pardesh: The South Asian Presence in Britain 11878:Rai, Swapnil; Straubhaar, Joseph (28 June 2016). 10875:"The US isn't safe from the trauma of caste bias" 10819: 10817: 10352: 10350: 9805:"Niece vs aunt in battle for Jagjivan Ram legacy" 8941:"dharm ke naam par desh tak bant gae: pahaadiya" 8576: 8472: 8431: 7983: 7853: 7851: 7849: 7847: 4927:. New Delhi: Sage Publications. pp. 193–96. 4468: 3714: 2519:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 412:In Southern India, Dalits are sometimes known as 16566: 11852:"India is cool in Brazil thanks to hot 'novela'" 10734: 10529: 10527: 10525: 10506:Government Equalities Office (1 December 2010). 10407: 9738:Indian prime ministership: a comprehensive study 9630:Indian prime ministership: a comprehensive study 9061: 8550:(3rd ed.). London/New Delhi/Thousand Oaks: 7655:"70 held for burning Dalit houses in Villupuram" 7362:"5% of Indian marriages are inter-caste: survey" 7271:"A Portrait of the Indian as a Young Dalit Girl" 5636:. Vol. 1. Concept Publishing. p. 181. 5327: 5203:"India's Dalits: Racism and Contemporary Change" 4492: 3418:Dalit leaders at Bahujan Samaj Party head office 279:they perceive to be the demeaning Dalit masses. 15093:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 11382:Geetha, Krishnamurthy Alamelu (1 August 2011). 11330:Tamil dalit literature : My own experience 11253:"A Critical study of Dalit Literature in India" 10584:"Dr Meena Dhanda – University of Wolverhampton" 10450:"Does the caste system still linger in the UK?" 9865: 9841:"Can Maya recreate another 'rainbow' in Delhi?" 8825: 8823: 8301:"Denied temple access, Dalit converts to Islam" 7234: 6355:"Hindus Support Dalit Candidates in Tamil Nadu" 4708:. University of California Press. p. 113. 3906:and Mazhabi Sikhs and Valmikis prayer together. 3785:led a project on 'Caste in Britain' for the UK 2962: 2163:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 592:, also called the SC/ST Act, on 31 March 1995. 531:The present system has its origins in the 1932 178:in India), and official development resources. 14575:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 11757: 11555:"Tale of Dalit Sahitya in Gujarati literature" 11033: 10814: 10766: 10388:"The secret scandal of Britain's caste system" 10379: 10347: 9435: 9391: 8438:Gary Tartakov (2003). Robinson, Rowena (ed.). 7844: 7760: 7734: 6655:"Half of school dropouts in K'taka are dalits" 5004:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 114. 4506: 4217:have furthered the Dalit literary movement in 3695:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Sub-Plan 1639:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 237:". It was perhaps first used in this sense by 15588: 13643: 12935: 12523: 12430:Samaddara, Ranabira; Shah, Ghanshyam (2001). 12429: 12011: 11877: 11234:Dalit literature is not down and out any more 10522: 10296: 10031:"Mayawati Plans to Seek India's Premier Post" 9241: 9203:Rural Christian Community in North West India 9169: 9167: 9151: 9081: 9018: 8437: 8413:"Nepal: Dalits beaten up for entering temple" 7962: 7887:"Centre notifies rules for amended SC/ST Act" 7452:"Dalit tortured, forced to eat human excreta" 7334:"They were rivals, but with the same mission" 7221:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 7030:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z 6947:"Crusader Sees Wealth as Cure for Caste Bias" 6816:"Headmaster booked for abusing dalit teacher" 6382:"Crusader Sees Wealth as Cute for Caste Bias" 6104: 5910: 5846: 5328:Ramabadran, Sudharshan; Paswan, Guru (2021). 5235:Census of India 2011, Primary Census Abstract 5230: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5129:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M 5054: 4660: 3835:to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies 3800:Supporters of anti-caste legislation include 3410:National Dalit-led political parties in India 2915:National Council of Applied Economic Research 2644: 12372: 11992:"The rising rage against in-campus policing" 9893: 9891: 9685:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 9513: 9145: 9118: 9013:'दाता' के दातार बन गए तारणहार, नवभारत टाइम्स 8943:धर्म के नाम पर देश तक बंट गए : पहाड़िया 8858: 8820: 7913: 7133:Arunachalam, Pon Vasanth (3 November 2014). 7110:Arunachalam, Pon Vasanth (3 November 2014). 6274:"South Asia State of Minorities Report 2019" 6181: 6105:Desai, Sonalde; Kulkarni, Veena (May 2008). 5154: 4797: 4528: 4475: 14791:List of people killed for being transgender 11983: 11902: 11824:"Caste references polarise Tamil film fans" 11463: 10779: 10771:. Cambridge University Press. p. 257. 10623: 9765: 7769:"Backward Muslims protest denial of burial" 7489:"Man tortured, made to drink urine by cops" 7132: 7109: 6938: 5911:Soundararajan, Thenmozhi (20 August 2012). 4914: 4630: 3811: 3486: 3152:, founder of the Sakya Buddhist Society of 2870: 2721:(50 per cent), Chhattisgarh (48 per cent), 1855:List of people killed for being transgender 333:in documentation and asked them to desist. 15595: 15581: 13650: 13636: 12949: 12942: 12928: 12530: 12516: 12391: 12275:Dalits in Modern India – Vision and Values 11815: 9734: 9379:"How Muhammad Ali inspired India's Dalits" 9215:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 9164: 9156:(Complete Revised ed.). Chicago, IL: 8510:"Ambedkar, Marx and the Buddhist Question" 8501: 8174:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress 8092: 7914:Ramachandran, Smriti Kak (16 April 2017). 7706: 7522: 7025: 5627: 5596:Religion and Conflict in Modern South Asia 5417:. New Delhi: Chronicle Books. p. 15. 5332:. Penguin Random House India. p. xv. 5221: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5125: 4993: 4991: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4615:, "idle/lazy/fallen/indolent people") in, 3845:this issue before removing this message. 2736:, where the Scheduled Tribe population of 2651: 2637: 12373:Prasad, Amar Nath; Gaijan, M. B. (2007). 11849: 11527: 11182:Encyclopaedia of Indian literature vol. 2 10536:"Caste Discrimination Reforms in Britain" 9888: 9469:"10 parties register amendment proposals" 9235: 8799:Sikhism - An Introduction: Teach Yourself 8582: 8529: 8419:. Press Trust of India. 18 September 2006 8033:"Dalit women not allowed to enter temple" 7652: 7386: 7384: 6132: 5875: 5811: 5758: 5560:. In Rehman, Javid; Breau, Susan (eds.). 5522: 5087: 4974:. Cambridge University Press. p. 4. 4833: 4831: 4829: 4499:, outcast community of Vietnam after the 4382:Caste discrimination in the United States 4041:Learn how and when to remove this message 3608:. His last position in government was as 3145:(mainly Dalit Buddhists) in Maharashtra. 99:. Dalits were excluded from the fourfold 13907:Social determinants of health in poverty 13539:Social impact of Indian television drama 12798:National Commission for Scheduled Tribes 12793:National Commission for Scheduled Castes 12788:National Commission for Backward Classes 12375:Dalit Literature: A Critical Exploration 12237:Towards an Aesthetic of Dalit Literature 12069: 12017: 11963:Jeremiah, Anderson H. M. (14 May 2013). 11962: 11926: 11793: 11530:"Gujarati Dalit Literature: An Overview" 11428: 11358: 11055:"Emergence of Dalit Literature in India" 11052: 9955: 9772:. Abhinav Publications. pp. 95–96. 9441: 9376: 9263: 9041: 9031:. Rawat Publications. pp. 129, 135. 9024: 8539: 8320: 8139: 7740: 7213:"India: Dalit rights activists detained" 6944: 6909: 6766:"Professor attempts suicide near Rajkot" 6434: 6379: 6324: 6318: 5989: 5987: 5665:"Status of caste system in modern India" 5551: 5549: 4920: 4728: 4635:'"nine name fishermen"') in the 4437:Health care access among Dalits in India 3937: 3887: 3860: 3444:Other recognized state political parties 3413: 3394: 3384: 3025: 947:Social determinants of health in poverty 606: 494:For broader coverage of this topic, see 455:is a term mostly used by members of the 298:National Commission for Scheduled Castes 27: 12467: 12394:Dalit – The Black Untouchables of India 12272: 12258:. Manohar Publishers and Distributors. 12234: 12111: 12048: 10707: 10695: 10028: 9139:The Report of Conference Held at Madras 8864: 8852: 8228: 7857: 7135:"Skew in Dalit Jail Inmate Ratio: NCRB" 7063: 7061: 7059: 6896: 6621: 6601:"Contesting Power, Contesting Memories" 6541: 6483: 6462: 6051: 5858:. The Stationery Office; 4 March 2010. 5659: 5657: 5197: 5186: 4997: 4988: 4837: 4786: 4764:The Foundations of Western Civilization 4703: 4239: 3964:1965 Immigration and Naturalization Act 3953: 3563:did nothing to get justice for Dalits. 3508:Dalit-led political parties in Pakistan 3207:Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee 3031:A school of untouchables near Bangalore 654:Socioeconomic status and discrimination 648:National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights 142:with significant populations following 16567: 16387:, Tharu, Danuwar and Dhimal) (Lowland) 12503:Is there ‘Dalit’ literature in Bangla? 12498:International Dalit Solidarity Network 12448: 12317: 12295: 12132: 11884:International Journal of Communication 11466:"Evolution of Telugu Dalit Literature" 11381: 11275: 10838: 10785: 10719: 10533: 10476: 10413: 10119: 10082: 10056: 9933:. India. 14 March 2007. Archived from 9741:. New Delhi: Concept. pp. 39–40. 9626: 9519: 9066:. Cambridge Scholars. pp. 39–116. 8830:Singh, Vikram Jit (18 February 2006). 8750: 8708: 8652: 8545: 8507: 8387:"Dalits 'barred' from entering temple" 7381: 7305:"Dalits from Bhagana convert to Islam" 7112:"Prejudice Blamed For Dalit Prisoners" 6897:Mukunth, Vasudevan (2 December 2014). 6822:. Press Trust of India. 28 March 2015. 6685: 6465:"Why Caste Won't Disappear From India" 5789:"Scheduled Caste Population in Punjab" 5384:Ambedkar: towards an enlightened India 5378: 5256: 5162:"Dalit word un-constitutional says SC" 4826: 4652: 4610: 4584: 3650:Aside from Mayawati in Uttar Pradesh, 3473:is the major Dalit party in Tamil Nadu 635:had the lowest at approximately zero. 383:, or 'children of God', was coined by 16045:Over 25 distinct castes, major being 15576: 13631: 12923: 12725:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 12511: 12211: 12184: 12168:Journeys to Freedom: Dalit Narratives 11989: 11794:Dhaliwal, Nirpal (16 December 2010). 11709: 11633: 11586: 11361:"Tamil Dalit literature: an overview" 11323: 11301: 11034:Satchidanandan, K (25 January 2013). 10740: 10629: 10385: 10356: 10220:"CPI(M) accused of sidelining Dalits" 10171: 10008:"Why Mayawati is wooing the Brahmins" 9838: 9699: 9664: 9584: 9173: 8829: 8617: 8247: 8030: 7468: 7332:Guha, Ramachandra (26 October 2014). 7302: 7269:Dubey, Priyanka (10 September 2014). 7268: 7080: 6069: 5984: 5817: 5694: 5670:. Ambedkar.org. 2004. pp. 34–35. 5592: 5555: 5546: 5410: 4759: 4291: 3543:exposed many leaders especially like 3520: 3406:Dalit-led political parties include: 2926:India's National Crime Records Bureau 2767:are considered the highest while the 21:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 15557: 14597:Capital punishment for homosexuality 13912:Social determinants of mental health 12904:2011 Socio Economic and Caste Census 12410: 12339: 12253: 12090: 11950: 11938: 11850:Grudgings, Stuart (18 August 2009). 11821: 11432:A history of Telugu Dalit literature 11114: 11086: 10802:from the original on 11 January 2022 10430:from the original on 11 January 2022 9668:Indian Democracy at the Crossroads I 9442:Varghese, Anil (17 September 2015). 8984:"Dalit Engineer Becomes a Jain Monk" 8795: 8167: 8066: 7712: 7603: 7528: 7331: 7243:"A 'Broken People' in Booming India" 7056: 6852: 6710: 6435:Bhandare, Namita (6 December 2014). 5936: 5674: 5654: 5487: 4867: 4865: 4844:. Mittal Publications. p. 198. 4657:, the social class who entertains ") 4023:adding citations to reliable sources 3994: 3815: 3787:Equality and Human Rights Commission 3426:, a national political party as per 3259:) in retaliation to the Jat slogan, 2836:Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 2791:, found that among state schools in 1661:Capital punishment for homosexuality 952:Social determinants of mental health 595:In accordance with the order of the 496:Caste system in India § History 14717:Genital modification and mutilation 11990:Henry, Nikhila (6 September 2015). 11771:. 21 September 2011. Archived from 11739:"Dalit Representation in Bollywood" 11141: 10741:Singh, Ramindar (10 January 2012). 10122:"Deciphering the 'Dalit vote bank'" 9897: 9847:. World Institute For Asian Studies 9826:Indian Journal of Political Science 9823: 9377:Madhavan, Narayanan (5 June 2016). 9119:Mosse, David (September 1996). "". 8871:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 79. 8354: 8327:T., Sathish G. (7 September 2015). 8298: 7741:Bahuguna, Ankush (28 August 2015). 7585:. Press Trust of India. 9 June 2014 7240: 7163: 6971: 6945:Sengupta, Somini (29 August 2008). 6686:Sarkar, Sravani (5 December 2014). 6484:Chishti, Seema (29 November 2014). 6463:Tharoor, Shashi (8 December 2014). 6408: 6380:Sengupta, Somini (29 August 2008). 6325:Dasgupta, Manas (28 January 2010). 6188:A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition 3928: 3839:create a more balanced presentation 1781:Genital modification and mutilation 13: 13657: 12669:2006 Dalit protests in Maharashtra 12649:Mandal Commission protests of 1990 12593:Court Cases related to Reservation 12537: 12158: 11908: 11250: 11010:"Dohaara Kakkayya (ಡೋಹಾರ ಕಕ್ಕಯ್ಯ)" 10673:State University of New York Press 10477:Suroor, Hasan (4 September 2010). 10302: 9633:. New Delhi: Concept. p. 19. 8476:A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy 8326: 8229:Pansare, Govind (28 August 2015). 8206: 7713:Basu, Indrani (8 September 2015). 7690:. 1 September 2015. Archived from 7359: 6577:. 1 September 2015. Archived from 6193:State University of New York Press 6149: 5964: 5022: 4838:Kanmony, Jebagnanam Cyril (2010). 4387:2006 Dalit protests in Maharashtra 4213:. Writers like Basudeb Sunani and 2811:According to a 2014 report to the 14: 16631: 12491: 12024:. Popular Prakashan. p. 25. 11276:Taneja, Nidhima (30 April 2022). 11219:. 23 January 2003. Archived from 10561: 10534:Datani, Pratik (13 August 2013). 10147:"All players eye Dalit vote bank" 10057:Gilani, Iftikhar (20 June 2017). 9986:"The victory of caste arithmetic" 8865:Chapple, Christopher Key (2006). 8802:. John Murray Press. p. 51. 8621:The Oxford Handbook of Secularism 8248:Chari, Mridula (3 January 2016). 7766: 7529:Nair, Nithya (2 September 2015). 7424:"Sex hell of Dalit women exposed" 6711:Lama, Prawesh (7 December 2011). 5993: 5967:"GPO for the Library of Congress" 5490:Contributions to Indian Sociology 5170:. 18 January 2008. Archived from 4862: 4798:Kaminsky; Long, Roger D. (2011). 4729:Sudrania, OP (9 September 2012). 4722: 4353: 4148:, worked in the 1960s. Later the 3719: 3290:in 1966. Sameer Muni termed them 3223:endured a bitter dispute between 3113:There have been allegations that 407: 325:that some state governments used 310:; however, some sources say that 97:castes in the Indian subcontinent 16549: 15556: 15547: 15546: 15196:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 15033:Law for Protection of the Nation 14933:White genocide conspiracy theory 12603:Reservation policy in Tamil Nadu 12133:Takhar, Opinderjit Kaur (2005). 12115:Jaina Community: A Social Survey 11956: 11871: 11843: 11787: 11731: 11703: 11689: 11671: 11634:KUMAR, RAJ (21 September 2023). 11627: 11580: 11547: 11521: 11496: 11457: 11422: 11375: 11352: 11317: 11295: 11269: 11244: 11227: 11211:"Of art, identity, and politics" 11203: 11179:Jevha Mi Jat Chorali Hoti (1963) 11172: 11080: 11046: 11027: 11002: 10972: 10944: 10918: 10893: 10867: 10853:10.1111/j.1467-7660.2007.00478.x 10832: 10786:Nelson, Dean (3 December 2012). 10606: 10576: 10555: 10470: 10442: 10327:"A Short history of immigration" 10319: 10270: 10254:. 29 August 2013. Archived from 10240: 10212: 10184: 10165: 10139: 10120:Mishra, Mayank (23 April 2014). 10113: 10076: 10050: 10029:Beckett, Paul (11 August 2008). 10022: 10000: 9978: 9956:Sengupta, Somini (12 May 2007). 9949: 9917: 9832: 9817: 9797: 9759: 9735:Sharma, Jagdish Chandra (2002). 9728: 9693: 9658: 9627:Sharma, Jagdish Chandra (2002). 9620: 9588:The success of India's democracy 9578: 9569: 9553:. 27 August 2015. Archived from 9539: 9520:Venkat, Vidya (18 August 2015). 9487: 9417: 9370: 9342:"Dalit Panthers: Another View". 9335: 9317: 9291: 9223: 9194: 9179: 9131: 9112: 9055: 9035: 9006: 9001:'दिव्य महापुरुष थे आचार्य नानेश' 8994: 8976: 8950: 8933: 8903: 8894: 8885: 8832:"Talhan scores for Dalit rights" 8789: 8771: 8744: 8702: 8684: 8646: 8611: 8586:Dalits: Past, Present and Future 8466: 8405: 8379: 8355:Jha, Hari Bansh (October 2005). 8348: 8292: 8260: 8241: 8222: 8200: 8161: 8133: 8086: 8060: 8024: 7977: 7935: 7907: 7879: 7816: 7788: 7674: 7653:Sivaraman, R. (17 August 2015). 7646: 7618: 7597: 7569: 7548: 7502: 7481: 7469:Rajan, M. C. (14 January 2010). 7462: 7360:S., Rukmini (13 November 2014). 5818:Ghosh, Lipi (29 November 2020). 5529:Dalits: Past, present and future 5237: 5094:Dalits: Past, present and future 5055:Sagar, S.; Bhargava, V. (2017). 4250:Dalit Film and Cultural Festival 4232:, writers such as K. Daniel and 3999: 3820: 3235:Indian Rupees, and the Jat Sikh 3056:in 1928. It was followed by the 2755:, wrote that during the rule of 2274:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 2103:Law for Protection of the Nation 1997:White genocide conspiracy theory 677: 551:, as a replacement for the term 291: 44: 16590:Caste-related violence in India 15038:MSM blood donation restrictions 14786:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 13363:Proposed states and territories 12568:Caste-related violence in India 12396:(2nd ed.). Clarity Press. 12112:Sangave, Vilas Adinath (1980). 11359:Mangalam, B. (1 January 2007). 11151:Indian short stories, 1900–2000 10630:Jones, Sam (30 November 2012). 10357:Jones, Sam (11 November 2009). 10172:Kumar, Sanjay (20 March 2014). 9003:Vinay N. Joshi on 14 June 2010, 8299:Ali, Mohammad (14 March 2015). 8140:Chandran, Rina (6 March 2020). 8093:Arulselvan, S. (2 April 2016). 8031:Kumar, Anuj (1 November 2019). 7444: 7416: 7353: 7325: 7303:Saini, Manvir (9 August 2015). 7296: 7262: 7205: 7176: 7157: 7126: 7103: 7074: 7019: 6991: 6965: 6890: 6872: 6846: 6826: 6808: 6787: 6758: 6730: 6704: 6647: 6615: 6593: 6561: 6542:Chishti, Seema (16 June 2015). 6535: 6503: 6477: 6456: 6428: 6409:Vij, Shivam (1 December 2014). 6402: 6373: 6294: 6266: 6240: 6213: 6175: 6098: 6063: 6045: 6031: 6013: 5958: 5930: 5904: 5869: 5752: 5726: 5708: 5621: 5586: 5516: 5481: 5442: 5404: 5372: 5346: 5321: 5288: 5250: 5119: 5081: 5048: 4945: 4010:needs additional citations for 3771:Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies 3467:factions, active in Maharashtra 3402:(BSP) is an Indian Dalit party. 3322: 3135:social and political engagement 2975:Caste-related violence in India 2924:The latest data available from 2108:MSM blood donation restrictions 1850:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 602: 512:organisation that involved the 131:class of the medieval European 15051:(as religious or racial quota) 12659:2006 anti-reservation protests 12185:Ghosh, Partha S. (July 1997). 11710:Ghosh, Avijit (6 April 2008). 11435:. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. 10414:Nelson, Dean (31 March 2010). 10386:Cohen, Nick (24 August 2009). 10192:"KCR has betrayed Dalits: TDP" 8514:Journal of South Asian Studies 7858:Sampath, G. (23 August 2015). 7081:Saini, Manvir (29 July 2015). 6853:Rana, Niyati (25 April 2015). 5330:Makers of Modern Dalit History 4889: 4753: 4697: 4679: 4626: 4469:Similarly discriminated groups 4236:gained mainstream popularity. 3728:, immigration from the former 3715:Beyond the Indian subcontinent 3610:Deputy Prime Minister of India 3471:Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi 2841: 2121:(as religious or racial quota) 286: 181: 162:includes Dalits as one of the 32:A group of Dalit women in 2021 1: 15465:Second-generation gender bias 15181:Constitutional colorblindness 13902:Social determinants of health 12909:2022 Bihar caste-based survey 12578:Vandalism of Ambedkar statues 12451:Dalit Politics and Literature 12235:Limbale, Sharankumar (2004). 11587:Malik, Suratha Kumar (2021). 11528:rti_admin (31 January 2012). 11470:Economic and Political Weekly 11429:Bharathi, Thummapudi (2008). 11036:"Mainstreaming the subaltern" 10828:(Report). Equality Labs, USA. 10567:Briefing on Caste Legislation 9344:Economic and Political Weekly 9299:"Recognized National Parties" 9242:Soutik Biswas (10 May 2016). 9044:Indian Journal of Social Work 8958:"Dalit youth turns Jain monk" 8753:Economic and Political Weekly 8531:10.1080/00856401.2015.1049726 8276:. 4 June 2007. Archived from 8111:10.1080/01296612.2016.1237459 8067:Sura, Ajay (8 January 2020). 7860:"Children of a different law" 7400:. 2 June 2003. Archived from 7026:Lochtefeld, James G. (2002). 6972:Wax, Emily (31 August 2008). 6605:Economic and Political Weekly 6519:. 23 May 2015. Archived from 5532:. Routledge. pp. 52–54. 5126:Lochtefeld, James G. (2002). 4672: 3984: 3960:Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 2851:, disposing of dead animals, 2683:, saw a parallel between the 2664:Discrimination against Dalits 2551:Second-generation gender bias 2259:Constitutional colorblindness 942:Social determinants of health 547:– introduced the new term of 16600:Discrimination in Bangladesh 11822:Naig, Udhav (27 July 2015). 11400:10.1080/01440357.2011.632220 10620:, accessed 29 September 2022 10510:. Home Office, UK Government 10010:. Rediff News. 28 March 2007 9839:Raina, J. N. (30 May 2007). 9303:Election Commission of India 7604:Dhar, Aarti (14 July 2014). 6080:Journal of Rural Development 5937:Rath, Kayte (5 March 2013). 5759:Sivakumar, B. (2 May 2013). 3428:Election Commission of India 3181:, all of whom came from the 2963:Prevention of Atrocities Act 2813:Ministry of Minority Affairs 2774: 646:, a Dalit activist from the 590:Prevention of Atrocities Act 562:in 1947, India introduced a 545:Government of India Act 1935 225:is a vernacular form of the 138:Dalits predominantly follow 107:, also known by the name of 7: 16610:Social groups of Bangladesh 15376:Medical model of disability 15228:Hate speech laws by country 13127:Water supply and sanitation 12573:Economically Weaker Section 12449:Sharma, Pradeep K. (2006). 12432:Dalit Identity and Politics 12018:Shyamlal (1 January 1992). 11593:Contemporary Voice of Dalit 11042:. Vol. 30, no. 1. 10174:"The BJP's Dalit game plan" 9988:. Rediff.co.in. 11 May 2007 9898:Vij, Shivam (21 May 2009). 9201:Dogar, Vidya Sagar (2000). 9158:University of Chicago Press 9084:"Dalit Christians in India" 8268:"Temples of Unmodern India" 7990:Contemporary Voice of Dalit 7241:Wax, Emily (21 June 2007). 7164:Sen, Jahnavi (6 May 2016). 6087:(4): 529–42. Archived from 4507: 4476: 4364: 3882:Sikhs in the United Kingdom 3673: 3555:(under pressure from BJP), 3493:Bahujan Shakti Party, Nepal 3311:. His followers are called 3120: 3102:, a Dalit belonging to the 3014: 2999: 2687:system and untouchability. 2462:Medical model of disability 2306:Hate speech laws by country 348:efforts in 1935, being the 87: 10: 16636: 15485:Social model of disability 13957:Discrimination against men 13014:Public distribution system 12664:1996 Bathani Tola Massacre 12392:Rajshekhar, V. T. (2003). 12254:Mani, Braj Ranjan (2005). 12212:Joshi, Barbara R. (1986). 12042: 11640:Dalit Literatures in India 11384:"From Panchamars to Dalit" 10095:India. pp. 205, 279. 9766:Mirchandani, G.G. (2003). 9708:Cambridge University Press 9593:Cambridge University Press 7971:Dalit Empowerment in India 5682:"Profile: Mayawati Kumari" 5628:Srivastava, B. N. (2003). 5601:Cambridge University Press 5502:10.1177/006996671104500203 5461:Cambridge University Press 5411:Perez, Rosa Maria (2004). 4841:Dalits and Tribes of India 4704:Hankins, Joseph D (2014). 4357: 4295: 4243: 3988: 3760:Shadow Equalities minister 3677: 3524: 3388: 3373: 3326: 3266: 3163: 3159: 3125:In 1956, the Dalit jurist 3003: 2972: 2966: 2806: 2571:Social model of disability 997:Discrimination against men 493: 489: 371: 367: 300:considers official use of 18: 16620:Social groups of Pakistan 16546: 16447: 16428: 16407: 16335: 16328: 16302: 16239: 16172: 16089: 16034: 15974: 15956:(standard Nepali dialect) 15918: 15909: 15750: 15679: 15625: 15614: 15542: 15281: 15158: 14951: 14838:Opposition to immigration 14562: 14202: 14049: 13809: 13759:Race / Ethnicity 13696: 13665: 13552: 13529:Films about social issues 13507: 13454: 13391: 13353: 13320: 13247: 13196: 13140: 13097: 13074: 12957: 12896: 12863: 12850:Republican Party of India 12822: 12806: 12770: 12707: 12631: 12545: 11184:. Editors Amaresh Datta. 11087:M.S., Thimmanaik (2019). 9706:(2 ed.). Cambridge: 9585:Kohli, Atul, ed. (2001). 9325:"Non-Dalits flock to RPI" 8618:Shook, John, ed. (2017). 8583:Teltumbde, Anand (2016). 8554:. pp. 2–15, 210–213. 5876:Bandarage, Asoka (2008). 4921:Robinson, Rowena (2003). 3743:and at doctor's offices. 3465:Republican Party of India 3459:Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar 3129:(1891–1956) launched the 3058:Temple Entry Proclamation 3040:In the 19th century, the 2666:has been observed across 1902:Opposition to immigration 791:Race / Ethnicity 217:word 'Dalit' was used by 76: 14833:Occupational segregation 14602:Compulsory sterilization 12897:Caste Census and Surveys 11605:10.1177/2455328X20987370 9229:Jose, Kananaikil. 1990. 8942: 8168:Nath, Suryakant (2013). 8002:10.1177/2455328X18822909 6622:Kunnath, George (2013). 5965:Lepoer, Barbara Leitch. 5063:. Springer. p. 22. 4276:Eklavya: The Royal Guard 4150:little magazine movement 4138:little magazine movement 3977:filed a lawsuit against 3812:Sikh diaspora in Britain 3487:Nepali Dalit-led parties 3369: 3294:, that is, belonging to 2907:Jantar Mantar, New Delhi 2891: 2871:Healthcare and nutrition 1897:Occupational segregation 1666:Compulsory sterilization 508:(c. 1812–1878) with his 166:; this gives Dalits the 19:For the legal term, see 16605:Discrimination in Nepal 16595:Discrimination in India 15361:Internalized oppression 15223:Fighting Discrimination 15213:Fat acceptance movement 15171:Anti-discrimination law 14811:Native American mascots 12997:National Pension System 12694:Bhima Koregaon protests 12613:Dalit Buddhist movement 12563:Caste politics in India 12453:. Shipra Publications. 12411:Rege, Sharmila (2006). 12340:Paik, Shailaja (2018). 12273:Michael, S. M. (2007). 12070:Gorringe, Hugo (2005). 12049:Ballard, Roger (1994). 11464:Purushotham, K (2010). 11302:admin (9 August 2016). 11251:Mishra, Jugal Kishore. 10036:The Wall Street Journal 9700:Brass, Paul R. (1994). 9499:Daily News and Analysis 8661:Oxford University Press 8653:Oberoi, Harjot (1994). 8626:Oxford University Press 8446:Oxford University Press 6611:(42): 7–8. 5 June 2015. 6070:Singh, Darshan (2009). 6052:Shankar, Deepa (2007). 5632:. In Lal, A. K. (ed.). 5593:Gould, William (2011). 4560:, of America's central 4417:Ambedkar Makkal Iyakkam 4282:A Brazilian telenovela 3973:In late June 2020, the 3741:National Health Service 3645:Prime Minister of India 3614:Janata Party government 3588:. He was member of the 3455:Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi 3315:. In 1984, some of the 3307:community in 1963 near 3131:Dalit Buddhist movement 3064:in the Indian state of 3062:last King of Travancore 2681:Prime Minister of India 2447:Internalized oppression 2301:Fighting Discrimination 2291:Fat acceptance movement 2249:Anti-discrimination law 1875:Native American mascots 569:positive discrimination 346:positive discrimination 241:-based social reformer 213:In the late 1880s, the 172:positive discrimination 16615:Social groups of Nepal 15604:Ethnic groups in Nepal 15480:Social identity threat 15453:Reverse discrimination 15443:Racial color blindness 14923:Violence against women 14903:Sex-selective abortion 13335:Caste-related violence 13051:Universal basic income 12951:Social issues in India 12881:Other Backward Classes 12731:Other Backward Classes 12598:IIT reservation policy 12055:. Hurst. p. 110. 11053:Gundappa, Dr. (2019). 10841:Development and Change 10252:The New Indian Express 10083:Harshe, Rajen (2008). 9152:Dumont, Louis (1980). 9082:Sobin, George (2012). 8709:McLeod, W. H. (2009). 8566:"Census GIS Household" 7139:The New Indian Express 7116:The New Indian Express 7036:Rosen Publishing Group 5134:Rosen Publishing Group 4760:Noble, Thomas (2002). 4661: 4575:: 疍家, "boat people"), 4529: 4519:, in France and Spain. 4493: 3907: 3878: 3419: 3403: 3127:Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar 3037: 2919:University of Maryland 2867:(also Balmiki) caste. 2817:below the poverty line 2566:Social identity threat 2539:Reverse discrimination 2529:Racial color blindness 1987:Violence against women 1967:Sex-selective abortion 616: 336:Some sources say that 33: 16585:Caste system in Nepal 16580:Caste system in India 16356:Hill people (Eastern 16065:, Khadgi, Manandhar, 16059:Rajopadhyaya Brahmins 15448:Religious intolerance 15408:Political correctness 15238:Intersex human rights 15186:Cultural assimilation 14868:Religious persecution 14632:Disability hate crime 14417:Jewish / Antisemitism 13534:Freedom of expression 12689:Maratha Kranti Morcha 12674:2008 Gurjar agitation 12608:Self-Respect Movement 12558:Caste system in India 12546:Caste and reservation 12434:. Sage Publications. 12303:. Sage Publications. 12194:Ethnic Studies Report 12170:. Popular Prakashan. 12118:. Popular Prakashan. 12076:. Sage Publications. 11648:10.4324/9781315684314 9350:(18): 715–716. 1974. 8712:The A to Z of Sikhism 8546:Omvedt, Gail (2003). 8481:John Wiley & Sons 8357:"Nepal's Downtrodden" 6041:. CNN. 16 April 2020. 5556:Keane, David (2007). 4262:(son of Dalit leader 3938:In Continental Europe 3891: 3864: 3461:, Ambedkar's grandson 3417: 3398: 3385:Political involvement 3374:Further information: 3327:Further information: 3286:, was inaugurated by 3257:proud sons of Chamars 3095:) joined his forces. 3035:Lady Ottoline Morrell 3029: 3021:religious processions 3006:Self-Respect Movement 2931:Amnesty International 2785:Dalit Adhikar Abhiyan 2534:Religious intolerance 2494:Political correctness 2316:Intersex human rights 2264:Cultural assimilation 1932:Religious persecution 1696:Disability hate crime 1473:Jewish / Antisemitism 610: 582:Constitution of India 535:between Ambedkar and 462:In Nepal, aside from 160:constitution of India 31: 16287:Jangad/Dhangad/Uraun 14853:Political repression 13862:Anti-left handedness 13852:Anti-intellectualism 13383:Separatist movements 12886:Including Muslim OBC 12588:Reservation in India 12377:. Sarup & Sons. 12097:. Orient Blackswan. 12091:Jain, L. C. (2005). 11561:. 25 February 2018. 9557:on 12 September 2015 9190:. 14 September 2010. 8842:on 19 February 2014. 8591:Taylor & Francis 8522:Taylor & Francis 8483:. pp. 524–525. 8448:. pp. 192–213. 7767:Sahay, Anand Mohan. 7458:. 19 September 2014. 7122:on 29 November 2014. 6855:"Prejudice reserved" 6700:on 13 December 2014. 6632:University of Oxford 6094:on 22 December 2010. 5826:Taylor & Francis 5603:. pp. 151–152. 5568:. pp. 284–285. 5449:Mendelsohn, Oliver; 5174:on 22 September 2009 5036:. Dr. Ambedkar Books 5034:drambedkarbooks.com/ 4964:Mendelsohn, Oliver; 4770:The Teaching Company 4667:, in Northern Spain. 4654:[jəʔ˧tsjəʔ˧] 4539:Cleanliness of blood 4452:Marichjhapi massacre 4240:In the film industry 4144:, Bandhu Madhav and 4019:improve this article 3954:In the United States 3652:Damodaram Sanjivayya 3590:Constituent assembly 3547:alongside former PM 3498:Dalit Janajati Party 3091:Dalit warriors (the 2911:Inter-caste marriage 2821:Mangalore University 1917:Political repression 902:Anti-left handedness 892:Anti-intellectualism 502:Gopal Baba Walangkar 466:and, most commonly, 16232:Kushbadiya (Guhari) 16159:Kushbadiya (Guhari) 15356:Historical eugenics 14893:Segregation academy 14873:Religious terrorism 14662:Enemy of the people 14570:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 14089:Jehovah's Witnesses 13982:Perpetual foreigner 13421:Illegal immigration 13066:Widening income gap 12830:Bahujan Samaj Party 12778:Kalelkar Commission 12699:April 2018 protests 12200:(2). Archived from 11679:"Amazon.com: Books" 11265:on 31 October 2008. 10795:The Daily Telegraph 10423:The Daily Telegraph 10258:on 1 September 2013 9874:Wall Street Journal 9091:DalitStudies.org.in 9015:, 20 September 2010 8855:, pp. f63–124. 8796:Cole, Owen (2010). 8698:. 23 December 2013. 7804:. 28 September 2020 7694:on 3 September 2015 7404:on 20 February 2021 7397:National Geographic 7248:The Washington Post 7145:on 12 December 2014 6978:The Washington Post 6581:on 3 September 2015 6183:Klostermaier, Klaus 5971:Library of Congress 5722:. 4 September 2018. 5307:Library of Congress 5302:Library of Congress 5213:(2). Archived from 4924:Christians of India 4693:. 5 September 2018. 4663:Vaqueiros de alzada 4593:(small people) and 4586:[kʰuo˥lɛ˥˧] 4523:Caquins of Brittany 4407:Dalit History Month 4285:India: A Love Story 4269:Miley Naa Miley Hum 3877:the person attends. 3734:Indian subcontinent 3625:Ramchandra Veerappa 3602:Lal Bahadur Shastri 3514:Dalit Sujag Tehreek 3477:Lok Janshakti Party 3424:Bahujan Samaj Party 3400:Bahujan Samaj Party 3354:in Tamil Nadu, and 3050:Ramakrishna Mission 2989:Parliament of India 2832:Chandra Bhan Prasad 2442:Historical eugenics 1957:Segregation academy 1937:Religious terrorism 1726:Enemy of the people 1634:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 1137:Jehovah's Witnesses 1022:Perpetual foreigner 586:Government of India 520:) community in the 15792:Lama clan (Tamang) 15268:Social integration 15263:Self-determination 15253:Racial integration 15201:Diversity training 15191:Cultural pluralism 15166:Affirmative action 15066:Racial segregation 14976:Crime of apartheid 14878:Religious violence 14381:Indigenous people 13786:Sexual orientation 13373:Religious violence 13234:Female infanticide 13219:Child prostitution 13036:Standard of living 12742:Affirmative action 12358:10.1111/hic3.12491 12325:. Orient Longman. 12239:. Orient Longman. 12141:Ashgate Publishing 11717:The Times of India 11559:The Times of India 11155:E. V. Ramakrishnan 10879:The World from PRX 10710:, pp. 110–11. 10594:on 21 October 2017 10303:Sikand, Yoginder. 10153:. 17 December 2014 9963:The New York Times 9810:The Indian Express 9769:320 Million Judges 9475:. 4 September 2015 9473:The Kathmandu Post 9100:on 5 November 2016 8964:on 2 February 2014 8921:on 2 February 2014 8593:. pp. 57–59. 8508:Skaria, A (2015). 8393:. 27 February 2014 8391:The Kathmandu Post 8273:The Times of India 8073:The Times of India 7948:The Times of India 7801:The Indian Express 7631:The Indian Express 7456:The Times of India 7004:The Indian Express 6951:The New York Times 6886:. 7 November 2014. 6635:. pp. 36–59. 6548:The Indian Express 6490:The Indian Express 6387:The New York Times 6302:"The caste system" 6281:minorityrights.org 6254:. 14 December 2020 6161:Human Rights Watch 6125:10.1353/dem.0.0001 5793:Welfare Department 5738:The Indian Express 5296:"Tribal Religions" 5101:. pp. 10–11. 4901:www.britannica.com 4691:The Times of India 4292:Internal conflicts 4162:Manoranjan Byapari 4146:Shankar Rao Kharat 3908: 3879: 3521:Other dalit groups 3420: 3404: 3085:Subramania Bharati 3038: 2694:Klaus Klostermaier 2673:Human Rights Watch 2346:Social integration 2341:Self-determination 2331:Racial integration 2279:Diversity training 2269:Cultural pluralism 2244:Affirmative action 2136:Racial segregation 2046:Crime of apartheid 1942:Religious violence 1437:Indigenous people 818:Sexual orientation 617: 564:reservation system 374:Harijan (magazine) 34: 16562: 16561: 16542: 16541: 16419:Madheshi Janajati 16345:Mountain people ( 16282:Khadiya/Bankariya 16259: 16213:Khadiya/Bankariya 16180: 16149: 16148: 15815: 15814: 15619:(Trans-Himalayan) 15570: 15569: 15438:Racism by country 15366:Intersectionality 15351:Heteronormativity 15150:Voter suppression 14898:Sexual harassment 14697:Forced conversion 14617:Cultural genocide 14280:African Americans 14099:post–Cold War era 14084:Eastern Orthodoxy 13847:Anti-drug addicts 13842:Anti-homelessness 13769:Scientific racism 13625: 13624: 13411:Human trafficking 13224:Child trafficking 13153:Domestic violence 13122:Natural disasters 13117:Manual scavenging 12977:Farmers' suicides 12917: 12916: 12783:Mandal Commission 12679:Patidar agitation 12460:978-81-7541-271-2 12441:978-0-7619-9508-1 12384:978-81-7625-817-3 12332:978-81-250-2895-6 12288:978-0-7619-3571-1 12279:Sage Publications 12227:978-0-86232-460-5 12207:on 12 March 2004. 12177:978-81-85604-65-7 12150:978-0-7546-5202-1 12125:978-0-317-12346-3 12104:978-81-250-2707-2 12083:978-0-7619-3323-6 12062:978-1-85065-091-1 12031:978-81-7154-550-6 11976:978-1-4411-7881-7 11969:. A&C Black. 11775:on 1 October 2015 11743:Mainstream Weekly 11534:Round Table India 11442:978-81-7835-688-4 11339:979-10-365-4987-8 11014:Lingayat Religion 10990:on 7 January 2009 10905:today.westlaw.com 10745:. Newageislam.com 10682:978-0-7914-9302-1 10663:Coward, Harold G. 10228:. 19 January 2015 10126:Business Standard 10102:978-8-13178-525-6 10093:Pearson Education 9305:. 25 October 2021 9025:Shyamlal (1997). 8878:978-81-208-2045-6 8726:978-0-81086-344-6 8600:978-1-315-52644-7 8552:SAGE Publications 8490:978-1-119-14466-3 8455:978-0-19-566329-7 8280:on 11 August 2011 7049:978-0-8239-3180-4 6926:. 28 October 2012 6820:Business Standard 6746:. 1 February 2013 6664:. 5 December 2014 6361:on 5 October 2011 6202:978-0-7914-8011-3 6059:. The World Bank. 6027:. 1 October 2019. 5893:978-1-13597-085-7 5864:978-0-215-54435-3 5835:978-1-00-008390-3 5828:. pp. 115–. 5643:978-8-18069-053-2 5610:978-1-13949-869-2 5575:978-9-04742-087-3 5539:978-1-31552-643-0 5470:978-0-52155-671-2 5424:978-8-18028-014-6 5246: 5217:on 30 April 2013. 5143:978-0-8239-3179-8 5108:978-1-31552-643-0 5070:978-9-81103-581-4 5011:978-1-4438-0856-9 4981:978-0-521-55671-2 4885:on 16 April 2015. 4851:978-81-8324-348-3 4815:978-0-313-37463-0 4768:. Chantilly, VA: 4633: 4601:, Gaibu (丐戶) and 4427:Bhopal Conference 4412:Dalit nationalism 4174:Mandal Commission 4136:" as part of the 4095:Western Chalukyas 4055:Indian literature 4051: 4050: 4043: 3903:Guru Granth Sahib 3873:based upon which 3859: 3858: 3837:. Please help to 3829:This section may 3791:Equality Act 2010 3557:Lalu Prasad Yadav 3288:Mohanlal Sukhadia 3203:Master Tara Singh 3175:Guru Granth Sahib 3143:Marathi Buddhists 2853:manual scavenging 2661: 2660: 2524:Racism by country 2452:Intersectionality 2437:Heteronormativity 2220:Voter suppression 1962:Sexual harassment 1761:Forced conversion 1681:Cultural genocide 1336:African Americans 1147:post–Cold War era 1132:Eastern Orthodoxy 887:Anti-drug addicts 882:Anti-homelessness 801:Scientific racism 597:Bombay High Court 553:Depressed Classes 522:Bengal Presidency 474:(among Muslims), 255:Depressed Classes 85: 16627: 16556:Nepal portal 16554: 16553: 16552: 16333: 16332: 16280:Dudh and Dhelki 16254: 16175: 15916: 15915: 15742:Limbu (Yakthung) 15666:Central Tibetans 15635:Darchula Bhotiya 15623: 15622: 15597: 15590: 15583: 15574: 15573: 15560: 15559: 15550: 15549: 15490:Social privilege 15475:Social exclusion 15403:Police brutality 15324:Multiculturalism 15294:Amatonormativity 15125:Social exclusion 14961:Age of candidacy 14761:Homeless dumping 14667:Ethnic cleansing 13652: 13645: 13638: 13629: 13628: 13617:Police brutality 13406:Groom kidnapping 13368:Ethnic relations 13229:Female foeticide 12944: 12937: 12930: 12921: 12920: 12876:Scheduled Tribes 12871:Scheduled Castes 12654:Namantar Andolan 12532: 12525: 12518: 12509: 12508: 12486: 12469:Zelliot, Eleanor 12464: 12445: 12426: 12407: 12388: 12369: 12336: 12314: 12292: 12269: 12250: 12231: 12208: 12206: 12191: 12181: 12154: 12129: 12108: 12087: 12066: 12036: 12035: 12015: 12009: 12008: 12006: 12004: 11987: 11981: 11980: 11960: 11954: 11948: 11942: 11936: 11930: 11924: 11915: 11914: 11909:Shinde, Prem K. 11906: 11900: 11899: 11875: 11869: 11868: 11866: 11864: 11847: 11841: 11840: 11838: 11836: 11819: 11813: 11812: 11810: 11808: 11791: 11785: 11784: 11782: 11780: 11761: 11755: 11754: 11752: 11750: 11735: 11729: 11728: 11726: 11724: 11707: 11701: 11700: 11693: 11687: 11686: 11675: 11669: 11668: 11666: 11664: 11631: 11625: 11624: 11584: 11578: 11577: 11575: 11573: 11551: 11545: 11544: 11542: 11540: 11525: 11519: 11518: 11516: 11514: 11500: 11494: 11493: 11461: 11455: 11454: 11426: 11420: 11419: 11379: 11373: 11372: 11356: 11350: 11349: 11348: 11346: 11321: 11315: 11314: 11312: 11310: 11299: 11293: 11292: 11290: 11288: 11273: 11267: 11266: 11264: 11258:. Archived from 11257: 11248: 11242: 11231: 11225: 11224: 11207: 11201: 11176: 11170: 11145: 11139: 11118: 11112: 11111: 11093: 11084: 11078: 11077: 11059: 11050: 11044: 11043: 11031: 11025: 11024: 11022: 11020: 11006: 11000: 10999: 10997: 10995: 10986:. Archived from 10976: 10970: 10969: 10967: 10965: 10948: 10942: 10941: 10939: 10937: 10922: 10916: 10915: 10913: 10911: 10897: 10891: 10890: 10888: 10886: 10871: 10865: 10864: 10836: 10830: 10829: 10821: 10812: 10811: 10809: 10807: 10791: 10783: 10777: 10776: 10764: 10755: 10754: 10752: 10750: 10738: 10732: 10729: 10723: 10717: 10711: 10705: 10699: 10693: 10687: 10686: 10659: 10648: 10647: 10645: 10643: 10627: 10621: 10610: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10599: 10590:. Archived from 10580: 10574: 10573: 10571: 10559: 10553: 10552: 10550: 10548: 10531: 10520: 10519: 10517: 10515: 10503: 10497: 10496: 10494: 10492: 10487:. Chennai, India 10474: 10468: 10467: 10465: 10463: 10446: 10440: 10439: 10437: 10435: 10419: 10411: 10405: 10404: 10402: 10400: 10383: 10377: 10376: 10374: 10372: 10354: 10345: 10344: 10342: 10340: 10323: 10317: 10316: 10314: 10312: 10300: 10294: 10293: 10291: 10289: 10284:on 31 March 2015 10280:. Archived from 10274: 10268: 10267: 10265: 10263: 10244: 10238: 10237: 10235: 10233: 10216: 10210: 10209: 10207: 10205: 10200:. 4 January 2015 10188: 10182: 10181: 10169: 10163: 10162: 10160: 10158: 10143: 10137: 10136: 10134: 10132: 10117: 10111: 10110: 10080: 10074: 10073: 10071: 10069: 10054: 10048: 10047: 10045: 10043: 10026: 10020: 10019: 10017: 10015: 10004: 9998: 9997: 9995: 9993: 9982: 9976: 9975: 9973: 9971: 9953: 9947: 9946: 9944: 9942: 9937:on 15 March 2007 9921: 9915: 9914: 9912: 9910: 9895: 9886: 9885: 9883: 9881: 9863: 9857: 9856: 9854: 9852: 9836: 9830: 9829: 9821: 9815: 9814: 9813:. 20 March 2014. 9801: 9795: 9794: 9788: 9786: 9763: 9757: 9756: 9732: 9726: 9725: 9697: 9691: 9690: 9684: 9676: 9662: 9656: 9655: 9649: 9647: 9624: 9618: 9617: 9611: 9609: 9582: 9576: 9573: 9567: 9566: 9564: 9562: 9543: 9537: 9536: 9534: 9532: 9517: 9511: 9510: 9508: 9506: 9491: 9485: 9484: 9482: 9480: 9465: 9459: 9458: 9456: 9454: 9439: 9433: 9432: 9421: 9415: 9414: 9412: 9410: 9395: 9389: 9388: 9374: 9368: 9367: 9339: 9333: 9332: 9321: 9315: 9314: 9312: 9310: 9295: 9289: 9288: 9286: 9284: 9267: 9261: 9260: 9258: 9256: 9239: 9233: 9227: 9221: 9220: 9214: 9206: 9205:. New Delhi, IN. 9198: 9192: 9191: 9183: 9177: 9176: 9171: 9162: 9161: 9149: 9143: 9142: 9135: 9129: 9128: 9116: 9110: 9109: 9107: 9105: 9099: 9093:. Archived from 9088: 9079: 9068: 9067: 9059: 9053: 9051: 9039: 9033: 9032: 9022: 9016: 9010: 9004: 8998: 8992: 8991: 8980: 8974: 8973: 8971: 8969: 8954: 8948: 8947: 8937: 8931: 8930: 8928: 8926: 8917:. Archived from 8907: 8901: 8898: 8892: 8889: 8883: 8882: 8862: 8856: 8850: 8844: 8843: 8838:. Archived from 8827: 8818: 8817: 8793: 8787: 8786: 8775: 8769: 8768: 8748: 8742: 8741: 8735: 8733: 8706: 8700: 8699: 8688: 8682: 8681: 8679: 8677: 8650: 8644: 8643: 8635:978-0-19998845-7 8615: 8609: 8608: 8580: 8574: 8573: 8568:. Archived from 8562: 8556: 8555: 8543: 8537: 8535: 8533: 8505: 8499: 8498: 8470: 8464: 8463: 8435: 8429: 8428: 8426: 8424: 8409: 8403: 8402: 8400: 8398: 8383: 8377: 8376: 8374: 8372: 8363:. Archived from 8352: 8346: 8345: 8343: 8341: 8324: 8318: 8317: 8315: 8313: 8296: 8290: 8289: 8287: 8285: 8264: 8258: 8257: 8245: 8239: 8238: 8226: 8220: 8219: 8217: 8215: 8207:Rushdi, Aaliya. 8204: 8198: 8197: 8165: 8159: 8158: 8156: 8154: 8137: 8131: 8130: 8090: 8084: 8083: 8081: 8079: 8064: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8053: 8028: 8022: 8021: 7981: 7975: 7966: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7955: 7939: 7933: 7932: 7930: 7928: 7911: 7905: 7904: 7902: 7900: 7883: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7855: 7842: 7841: 7839: 7837: 7820: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7809: 7792: 7786: 7785: 7783: 7781: 7764: 7758: 7757: 7755: 7753: 7738: 7732: 7731: 7729: 7727: 7710: 7704: 7703: 7701: 7699: 7678: 7672: 7671: 7669: 7667: 7650: 7644: 7643: 7641: 7639: 7634:. 18 August 2015 7622: 7616: 7615: 7601: 7595: 7594: 7592: 7590: 7573: 7567: 7566: 7552: 7546: 7545: 7543: 7541: 7526: 7520: 7519: 7518:. 25 April 2015. 7506: 7500: 7499: 7485: 7479: 7478: 7466: 7460: 7459: 7448: 7442: 7441: 7439: 7437: 7420: 7414: 7413: 7411: 7409: 7388: 7379: 7378: 7376: 7374: 7357: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7346: 7329: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7318: 7300: 7294: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7280:. Archived from 7266: 7260: 7259: 7257: 7255: 7238: 7232: 7231: 7229: 7227: 7209: 7203: 7202: 7200: 7198: 7180: 7174: 7173: 7161: 7155: 7154: 7152: 7150: 7141:. Archived from 7130: 7124: 7123: 7118:. Archived from 7107: 7101: 7100: 7098: 7096: 7078: 7072: 7065: 7054: 7053: 7033: 7023: 7017: 7016: 7014: 7012: 6995: 6989: 6988: 6986: 6984: 6969: 6963: 6962: 6960: 6958: 6942: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6931: 6913: 6907: 6906: 6894: 6888: 6887: 6876: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6865: 6859:Ahmedabad Mirror 6850: 6844: 6843: 6842:. 24 March 2013. 6830: 6824: 6823: 6812: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6791: 6785: 6784: 6782: 6780: 6762: 6756: 6755: 6753: 6751: 6734: 6728: 6727: 6725: 6723: 6708: 6702: 6701: 6696:. Archived from 6683: 6674: 6673: 6671: 6669: 6651: 6645: 6644: 6628: 6619: 6613: 6612: 6597: 6591: 6590: 6588: 6586: 6565: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6554: 6539: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6507: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6496: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6460: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6449: 6432: 6426: 6425: 6423: 6421: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6377: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6366: 6351: 6345: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6322: 6316: 6315: 6310:. Archived from 6298: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6287: 6278: 6270: 6264: 6263: 6261: 6259: 6244: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6217: 6211: 6210: 6179: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6153: 6147: 6146: 6136: 6102: 6096: 6095: 6093: 6076: 6067: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6049: 6043: 6042: 6035: 6029: 6028: 6017: 6011: 6010: 6008: 6006: 5991: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5962: 5956: 5955: 5953: 5951: 5934: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5923: 5908: 5902: 5901: 5873: 5867: 5850: 5844: 5843: 5815: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5804: 5799:on 23 April 2016 5795:. Archived from 5785: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5774: 5756: 5750: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5730: 5724: 5723: 5712: 5706: 5705: 5698: 5692: 5691: 5678: 5672: 5671: 5669: 5661: 5652: 5651: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5590: 5584: 5583: 5553: 5544: 5543: 5524:Teltumbde, Anand 5520: 5514: 5513: 5485: 5479: 5478: 5451:Vicziany, Marika 5446: 5440: 5439: 5433: 5431: 5408: 5402: 5401: 5376: 5370: 5369: 5367: 5365: 5350: 5344: 5343: 5325: 5319: 5318: 5316: 5314: 5292: 5286: 5285: 5254: 5248: 5242: 5241: 5232: 5219: 5218: 5199:Zelliot, Eleanor 5195: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5158: 5152: 5151: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5089:Teltumbde, Anand 5085: 5079: 5078: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5041: 5026: 5020: 5019: 4995: 4986: 4985: 4966:Vicziany, Marika 4961: 4952: 4949: 4943: 4942: 4918: 4912: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4881:. Archived from 4869: 4860: 4859: 4835: 4824: 4823: 4795: 4784: 4783: 4767: 4757: 4751: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4737:. Archived from 4726: 4720: 4719: 4701: 4695: 4694: 4683: 4666: 4656: 4634: 4631: 4628: 4614: 4588: 4553: 4534: 4512: 4498: 4481: 4462:Namantar Andolan 4422:Ayyathan Gopalan 4264:Ram Vilas Paswan 4105:poets and Tamil 4091:Madara Chennaiah 4046: 4039: 4035: 4032: 4026: 4003: 3995: 3991:Dalit literature 3929:In the Caribbean 3854: 3851: 3824: 3823: 3816: 3705:Indiramma Kalalu 3656:Jitan Ram Manjhi 3621:Dinanath Bhaskar 3598:Jawaharlal Nehru 3596:Prime ministers 3450:Azad Samaj Party 3433:Azad Samaj Party 2917:(NCAER) and the 2781:school drop-outs 2753:Savitribai Phule 2719:Himachal Pradesh 2653: 2646: 2639: 2576:Social privilege 2561:Social exclusion 2489:Police brutality 2410:Multiculturalism 2380:Amatonormativity 2195:Social exclusion 2031:Age of candidacy 1825:Homeless dumping 1731:Ethnic cleansing 681: 658: 657: 560:its independence 549:Scheduled Castes 506:Harichand Thakur 470:, terms such as 358:Dalit Christians 350:Scheduled Tribes 331:Scheduled Castes 322:Scheduled Castes 316:Scheduled Castes 307:Scheduled Castes 266:activist group. 164:Scheduled Castes 90: 80: 78: 70: 69: 66: 65: 62: 59: 56: 53: 50: 43: 16635: 16634: 16630: 16629: 16628: 16626: 16625: 16624: 16565: 16564: 16563: 16558: 16550: 16548: 16538: 16443: 16424: 16403: 16390:Western Nepal ( 16324: 16298: 16253: 16240:Other peoples ( 16235: 16178:distinct origin 16174: 16168: 16145: 16091:Indian Madheshi 16085: 16030: 15989:Maithil Brahmin 15970: 15905: 15811: 15746: 15675: 15661:Central Tibetic 15618: 15610: 15608:language family 15601: 15571: 15566: 15538: 15413:Polyculturalism 15309:Civil liberties 15277: 15258:Reappropriation 15159:Countermeasures 15154: 15083:Racial steering 15049:Numerus clausus 14953: 14947: 14672:Ethnic conflict 14607:Corrective rape 14558: 14198: 14045: 13937:HIV/AIDS stigma 13805: 13754:Mental disorder 13692: 13661: 13656: 13626: 13621: 13548: 13503: 13450: 13431:Organised crime 13416:Illegal housing 13387: 13349: 13316: 13292:Menstrual taboo 13243: 13239:Street children 13192: 13163:Family planning 13136: 13093: 13070: 12953: 12948: 12918: 12913: 12892: 12859: 12818: 12802: 12766: 12737:Forward classes 12703: 12627: 12583:Anti-Brahminism 12541: 12536: 12494: 12489: 12483: 12461: 12442: 12423: 12404: 12385: 12346:History Compass 12333: 12311: 12289: 12266: 12247: 12228: 12204: 12189: 12178: 12161: 12159:Further reading 12151: 12126: 12105: 12084: 12063: 12045: 12040: 12039: 12032: 12016: 12012: 12002: 12000: 11988: 11984: 11977: 11961: 11957: 11949: 11945: 11937: 11933: 11925: 11918: 11907: 11903: 11876: 11872: 11862: 11860: 11848: 11844: 11834: 11832: 11820: 11816: 11806: 11804: 11792: 11788: 11778: 11776: 11763: 11762: 11758: 11748: 11746: 11737: 11736: 11732: 11722: 11720: 11708: 11704: 11695: 11694: 11690: 11677: 11676: 11672: 11662: 11660: 11658: 11632: 11628: 11585: 11581: 11571: 11569: 11553: 11552: 11548: 11538: 11536: 11526: 11522: 11512: 11510: 11502: 11501: 11497: 11462: 11458: 11443: 11427: 11423: 11380: 11376: 11357: 11353: 11344: 11342: 11340: 11322: 11318: 11308: 11306: 11300: 11296: 11286: 11284: 11274: 11270: 11262: 11255: 11249: 11245: 11232: 11228: 11223:on 2 July 2003. 11209: 11208: 11204: 11186:Sahitya Akademi 11177: 11173: 11159:Sahitya Akademi 11146: 11142: 11119: 11115: 11091: 11085: 11081: 11057: 11051: 11047: 11032: 11028: 11018: 11016: 11008: 11007: 11003: 10993: 10991: 10978: 10977: 10973: 10963: 10961: 10950: 10949: 10945: 10935: 10933: 10924: 10923: 10919: 10909: 10907: 10899: 10898: 10894: 10884: 10882: 10873: 10872: 10868: 10837: 10833: 10822: 10815: 10805: 10803: 10784: 10780: 10765: 10758: 10748: 10746: 10739: 10735: 10730: 10726: 10718: 10714: 10706: 10702: 10694: 10690: 10683: 10675:. p. 133. 10660: 10651: 10641: 10639: 10628: 10624: 10611: 10607: 10597: 10595: 10582: 10581: 10577: 10569: 10560: 10556: 10546: 10544: 10532: 10523: 10513: 10511: 10504: 10500: 10490: 10488: 10475: 10471: 10461: 10459: 10458:. 12 March 2009 10448: 10447: 10443: 10433: 10431: 10412: 10408: 10398: 10396: 10384: 10380: 10370: 10368: 10355: 10348: 10338: 10336: 10325: 10324: 10320: 10310: 10308: 10301: 10297: 10287: 10285: 10276: 10275: 10271: 10261: 10259: 10246: 10245: 10241: 10231: 10229: 10218: 10217: 10213: 10203: 10201: 10190: 10189: 10185: 10170: 10166: 10156: 10154: 10145: 10144: 10140: 10130: 10128: 10118: 10114: 10103: 10081: 10077: 10067: 10065: 10055: 10051: 10041: 10039: 10027: 10023: 10013: 10011: 10006: 10005: 10001: 9991: 9989: 9984: 9983: 9979: 9969: 9967: 9954: 9950: 9940: 9938: 9923: 9922: 9918: 9908: 9906: 9896: 9889: 9879: 9877: 9864: 9860: 9850: 9848: 9837: 9833: 9822: 9818: 9803: 9802: 9798: 9784: 9782: 9780: 9764: 9760: 9749: 9733: 9729: 9718: 9710:. p. 249. 9698: 9694: 9678: 9677: 9663: 9659: 9645: 9643: 9641: 9625: 9621: 9607: 9605: 9603: 9583: 9579: 9574: 9570: 9560: 9558: 9545: 9544: 9540: 9530: 9528: 9518: 9514: 9504: 9502: 9493: 9492: 9488: 9478: 9476: 9467: 9466: 9462: 9452: 9450: 9440: 9436: 9423: 9422: 9418: 9408: 9406: 9397: 9396: 9392: 9384:Hindustan Times 9375: 9371: 9341: 9340: 9336: 9323: 9322: 9318: 9308: 9306: 9297: 9296: 9292: 9282: 9280: 9271:"Dalit Muslims" 9269: 9268: 9264: 9254: 9252: 9240: 9236: 9228: 9224: 9208: 9207: 9199: 9195: 9185: 9184: 9180: 9172: 9165: 9150: 9146: 9137: 9136: 9132: 9117: 9113: 9103: 9101: 9097: 9086: 9080: 9071: 9060: 9056: 9040: 9036: 9023: 9019: 9011: 9007: 8999: 8995: 8982: 8981: 8977: 8967: 8965: 8956: 8955: 8951: 8944: 8939: 8938: 8934: 8924: 8922: 8909: 8908: 8904: 8899: 8895: 8890: 8886: 8879: 8863: 8859: 8851: 8847: 8828: 8821: 8810: 8794: 8790: 8777: 8776: 8772: 8749: 8745: 8731: 8729: 8727: 8717:Scarecrow Press 8707: 8703: 8690: 8689: 8685: 8675: 8673: 8671: 8663:. p. 109. 8651: 8647: 8636: 8628:. p. 224. 8616: 8612: 8601: 8581: 8577: 8572:on 6 July 2010. 8564: 8563: 8559: 8544: 8540: 8506: 8502: 8491: 8471: 8467: 8456: 8436: 8432: 8422: 8420: 8411: 8410: 8406: 8396: 8394: 8385: 8384: 8380: 8370: 8368: 8353: 8349: 8339: 8337: 8325: 8321: 8311: 8309: 8297: 8293: 8283: 8281: 8266: 8265: 8261: 8246: 8242: 8227: 8223: 8213: 8211: 8205: 8201: 8166: 8162: 8152: 8150: 8138: 8134: 8091: 8087: 8077: 8075: 8065: 8061: 8051: 8049: 8029: 8025: 7982: 7978: 7967: 7963: 7953: 7951: 7941: 7940: 7936: 7926: 7924: 7921:Hindustan Times 7912: 7908: 7898: 7896: 7895:. 24 April 2016 7885: 7884: 7880: 7870: 7868: 7856: 7845: 7835: 7833: 7822: 7821: 7817: 7807: 7805: 7794: 7793: 7789: 7779: 7777: 7765: 7761: 7751: 7749: 7739: 7735: 7725: 7723: 7711: 7707: 7697: 7695: 7687:Hindustan Times 7680: 7679: 7675: 7665: 7663: 7651: 7647: 7637: 7635: 7624: 7623: 7619: 7602: 7598: 7588: 7586: 7575: 7574: 7570: 7565:. 19 June 2014. 7554: 7553: 7549: 7539: 7537: 7527: 7523: 7515:Hindustan Times 7508: 7507: 7503: 7487: 7486: 7482: 7467: 7463: 7450: 7449: 7445: 7435: 7433: 7422: 7421: 7417: 7407: 7405: 7390: 7389: 7382: 7372: 7370: 7358: 7354: 7344: 7342: 7339:Hindustan Times 7330: 7326: 7316: 7314: 7301: 7297: 7287: 7285: 7284:on 5 March 2016 7267: 7263: 7253: 7251: 7239: 7235: 7225: 7223: 7211: 7210: 7206: 7196: 7194: 7182: 7181: 7177: 7162: 7158: 7148: 7146: 7131: 7127: 7108: 7104: 7094: 7092: 7079: 7075: 7066: 7057: 7050: 7024: 7020: 7010: 7008: 6997: 6996: 6992: 6982: 6980: 6970: 6966: 6956: 6954: 6943: 6939: 6929: 6927: 6915: 6914: 6910: 6895: 6891: 6878: 6877: 6873: 6863: 6861: 6851: 6847: 6832: 6831: 6827: 6814: 6813: 6809: 6799: 6797: 6793: 6792: 6788: 6778: 6776: 6775:. 15 April 2015 6764: 6763: 6759: 6749: 6747: 6736: 6735: 6731: 6721: 6719: 6709: 6705: 6693:Hindustan Times 6684: 6677: 6667: 6665: 6653: 6652: 6648: 6626: 6620: 6616: 6599: 6598: 6594: 6584: 6582: 6574:Hindustan Times 6567: 6566: 6562: 6552: 6550: 6540: 6536: 6526: 6524: 6516:Hindustan Times 6509: 6508: 6504: 6494: 6492: 6482: 6478: 6461: 6457: 6447: 6445: 6442:Hindustan Times 6433: 6429: 6419: 6417: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6378: 6374: 6364: 6362: 6353: 6352: 6348: 6338: 6336: 6323: 6319: 6314:on 21 May 2009. 6300: 6299: 6295: 6285: 6283: 6276: 6272: 6271: 6267: 6257: 6255: 6246: 6245: 6241: 6231: 6229: 6219: 6218: 6214: 6203: 6195:. p. 297. 6180: 6176: 6166: 6164: 6155: 6154: 6150: 6103: 6099: 6091: 6074: 6068: 6064: 6056: 6050: 6046: 6037: 6036: 6032: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6004: 6002: 5992: 5985: 5975: 5973: 5963: 5959: 5949: 5947: 5935: 5931: 5921: 5919: 5913:"Black Indians" 5909: 5905: 5894: 5886:. p. 186. 5874: 5870: 5851: 5847: 5836: 5816: 5812: 5802: 5800: 5787: 5786: 5782: 5772: 5770: 5757: 5753: 5743: 5741: 5732: 5731: 5727: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5700: 5699: 5695: 5690:. 16 July 2009. 5680: 5679: 5675: 5667: 5663: 5662: 5655: 5644: 5626: 5622: 5611: 5591: 5587: 5576: 5554: 5547: 5540: 5521: 5517: 5486: 5482: 5471: 5447: 5443: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5409: 5405: 5398: 5377: 5373: 5363: 5361: 5360:. 27 March 2017 5358:The News Minute 5352: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5326: 5322: 5312: 5310: 5309:Country Studies 5294: 5293: 5289: 5274:10.2307/2800388 5255: 5251: 5233: 5222: 5207:Global Dialogue 5196: 5187: 5177: 5175: 5160: 5159: 5155: 5144: 5136:. p. 168. 5124: 5120: 5109: 5086: 5082: 5071: 5053: 5049: 5039: 5037: 5028: 5027: 5023: 5012: 4996: 4989: 4982: 4962: 4955: 4950: 4946: 4935: 4919: 4915: 4905: 4903: 4895: 4894: 4890: 4878:Hindustan Times 4871: 4870: 4863: 4852: 4836: 4827: 4816: 4808:. p. 156. 4796: 4787: 4780: 4758: 4754: 4744: 4742: 4727: 4723: 4716: 4702: 4698: 4685: 4684: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4612:[tumin] 4547: 4471: 4466: 4367: 4362: 4356: 4300: 4294: 4252: 4244:Main articles: 4242: 4194:Kathi Padma Rao 4047: 4036: 4030: 4027: 4016: 4004: 3993: 3987: 3956: 3940: 3931: 3855: 3849: 3846: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3722: 3717: 3701:SC, ST Sub-Plan 3697: 3682: 3676: 3660:K. R. Narayanan 3549:Chandra Shekhar 3533: 3525:Main articles: 3523: 3510: 3489: 3446: 3412: 3393: 3387: 3378: 3372: 3331: 3329:Dalit Christian 3325: 3269: 3168: 3162: 3123: 3115:Dalits in Nepal 3017: 3008: 3002: 2977: 2971: 2965: 2894: 2873: 2857:sanitation work 2844: 2809: 2777: 2729:(40 per cent). 2689:Eleanor Zelliot 2657: 2628: 2627: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2499:Polyculturalism 2395:Civil liberties 2367: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2355: 2336:Reappropriation 2236: 2235:Countermeasures 2228: 2227: 2226: 2225: 2224: 2153:Racial steering 2119:Numerus clausus 2023: 2015: 2014: 2013: 2012: 2011: 1736:Ethnic conflict 1671:Corrective rape 1626: 1618: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1614: 1261: 1250: 1249: 1248: 1247: 1246: 1099: 1089: 1088: 1087: 1086: 1085: 977:HIV/AIDS stigma 849: 841: 840: 839: 838: 837: 786:Mental disorder 728: 720: 719: 718: 717: 716: 689: 656: 605: 578:K. R. Narayanan 499: 492: 410: 377: 370: 354:Scheduled Caste 342:Scheduled Caste 294: 289: 276:Anand Teltumbde 271:Marika Vicziany 184: 170:to protection, 47: 41: 40: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 16633: 16623: 16622: 16617: 16612: 16607: 16602: 16597: 16592: 16587: 16582: 16577: 16560: 16559: 16547: 16544: 16543: 16540: 16539: 16537: 16536: 16530: 16527: 16524: 16521: 16515: 16510: 16505: 16500: 16495: 16490: 16485: 16480: 16475: 16470: 16465: 16460: 16454: 16452: 16445: 16444: 16442: 16441: 16438: 16432: 16430: 16426: 16425: 16423: 16422: 16421: 16420: 16411: 16409: 16405: 16404: 16402: 16401: 16395: 16388: 16378: 16373:(East, mostly 16368: 16354: 16342: 16340: 16330: 16326: 16325: 16323: 16322: 16317: 16312: 16306: 16304: 16300: 16299: 16297: 16296: 16295: 16294: 16284: 16278: 16273: 16268: 16262: 16260: 16237: 16236: 16234: 16229: 16220: 16215: 16209: 16204: 16199: 16194: 16189: 16183: 16181: 16170: 16169: 16167: 16166: 16161: 16156: 16150: 16147: 16146: 16144: 16143: 16142: 16141: 16136: 16129:other Madheshi 16126: 16121: 16120: 16119: 16116: 16111: 16101: 16099:Indian Maithil 16095: 16093: 16087: 16086: 16084: 16083: 16080: 16079: 16078: 16049:, Chathariya, 16040: 16038: 16032: 16031: 16029: 16028: 16023: 16018: 16013: 16008: 16007: 16006: 16001: 15996: 15991: 15980: 15978: 15972: 15971: 15969: 15964: 15959: 15958: 15957: 15947: 15938: 15924: 15922: 15913: 15907: 15906: 15904: 15903: 15898: 15893: 15888: 15887: 15886: 15881: 15876: 15868: 15863: 15858: 15857: 15856: 15851: 15841: 15840: 15839: 15834: 15828: 15825: 15816: 15813: 15812: 15810: 15809: 15801: 15796: 15795: 15794: 15784: 15783: 15782: 15777: 15772: 15762: 15756: 15754: 15748: 15747: 15745: 15744: 15739: 15738: 15737: 15732: 15724: 15723: 15722: 15717: 15716: 15715: 15702: 15701: 15700: 15694: 15685: 15683: 15677: 15676: 15674: 15673: 15668: 15663: 15657: 15652: 15647: 15642: 15637: 15631: 15629: 15620: 15612: 15611: 15600: 15599: 15592: 15585: 15577: 15568: 15567: 15565: 15564: 15554: 15543: 15540: 15539: 15537: 15536: 15531: 15530: 15529: 15519: 15514: 15509: 15508: 15507: 15502: 15497: 15487: 15482: 15477: 15472: 15467: 15462: 15461: 15460: 15458:Reverse racism 15450: 15445: 15440: 15435: 15430: 15428:Prisoner abuse 15425: 15420: 15418:Power distance 15415: 15410: 15405: 15400: 15395: 15390: 15385: 15384: 15383: 15373: 15368: 15363: 15358: 15353: 15348: 15343: 15338: 15336:Ethnic penalty 15333: 15332: 15331: 15329:Neurodiversity 15326: 15316: 15314:Dehumanization 15311: 15306: 15304:Cisnormativity 15301: 15296: 15291: 15285: 15283: 15282:Related topics 15279: 15278: 15276: 15275: 15270: 15265: 15260: 15255: 15250: 15245: 15240: 15235: 15230: 15225: 15220: 15215: 15210: 15205: 15204: 15203: 15193: 15188: 15183: 15178: 15173: 15168: 15162: 15160: 15156: 15155: 15153: 15152: 15147: 15142: 15140:State religion 15137: 15132: 15127: 15122: 15121: 15120: 15115: 15110: 15105: 15095: 15090: 15085: 15080: 15079: 15078: 15076:Nuremberg Laws 15073: 15063: 15058: 15053: 15045: 15040: 15035: 15030: 15025: 15020: 15018:Ghetto benches 15015: 15013:Gerrymandering 15010: 15005: 15000: 14998:Gender pay gap 14995: 14994: 14993: 14988: 14978: 14973: 14968: 14963: 14957: 14955: 14952:Discriminatory 14949: 14948: 14946: 14945: 14940: 14935: 14930: 14925: 14920: 14915: 14910: 14905: 14900: 14895: 14890: 14885: 14880: 14875: 14870: 14865: 14860: 14855: 14850: 14845: 14840: 14835: 14830: 14829: 14828: 14823: 14818: 14808: 14803: 14798: 14793: 14788: 14783: 14781:Lavender scare 14778: 14776:Kill Haole Day 14773: 14771:Indian rolling 14768: 14763: 14758: 14753: 14748: 14747: 14746: 14736: 14731: 14730: 14729: 14719: 14714: 14709: 14704: 14699: 14694: 14689: 14684: 14679: 14674: 14669: 14664: 14659: 14657:Eliminationism 14654: 14649: 14644: 14639: 14634: 14629: 14624: 14619: 14614: 14609: 14604: 14599: 14594: 14592:Cancel culture 14589: 14584: 14579: 14578: 14577: 14566: 14564: 14563:Manifestations 14560: 14559: 14557: 14556: 14551: 14546: 14541: 14536: 14531: 14526: 14521: 14516: 14511: 14506: 14501: 14496: 14491: 14486: 14481: 14476: 14471: 14466: 14461: 14459:Middle Eastern 14456: 14451: 14446: 14441: 14436: 14431: 14426: 14425: 14424: 14414: 14409: 14404: 14399: 14398: 14397: 14392: 14387: 14379: 14374: 14369: 14364: 14359: 14354: 14349: 14344: 14339: 14334: 14329: 14324: 14319: 14314: 14309: 14304: 14299: 14294: 14293: 14292: 14287: 14282: 14272: 14267: 14262: 14261: 14260: 14255: 14250: 14240: 14235: 14230: 14225: 14220: 14215: 14209: 14207: 14200: 14199: 14197: 14196: 14194:Zoroastrianism 14191: 14186: 14181: 14176: 14171: 14170: 14169: 14159: 14158: 14157: 14156: 14155: 14150: 14145: 14140: 14125: 14124: 14123: 14121:Untouchability 14118: 14108: 14103: 14102: 14101: 14096: 14091: 14086: 14081: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14055: 14053: 14047: 14046: 14044: 14043: 14038: 14033: 14032: 14031: 14026: 14021: 14011: 14010: 14009: 14004: 13994: 13989: 13984: 13979: 13974: 13969: 13964: 13959: 13954: 13949: 13947:Leprosy stigma 13944: 13939: 13934: 13929: 13924: 13919: 13914: 13909: 13904: 13899: 13894: 13889: 13884: 13879: 13874: 13869: 13864: 13859: 13854: 13849: 13844: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13824: 13819: 13813: 13811: 13807: 13806: 13804: 13803: 13798: 13793: 13788: 13783: 13778: 13773: 13772: 13771: 13766: 13756: 13751: 13746: 13741: 13736: 13731: 13726: 13721: 13716: 13711: 13706: 13700: 13698: 13694: 13693: 13691: 13690: 13685: 13680: 13675: 13669: 13667: 13663: 13662: 13659:Discrimination 13655: 13654: 13647: 13640: 13632: 13623: 13622: 13620: 13619: 13614: 13609: 13604: 13599: 13594: 13593: 13592: 13587: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13562: 13556: 13554: 13550: 13549: 13547: 13546: 13541: 13536: 13531: 13526: 13525: 13524: 13513: 13511: 13505: 13504: 13502: 13501: 13496: 13491: 13486: 13481: 13476: 13471: 13466: 13460: 13458: 13452: 13451: 13449: 13448: 13443: 13438: 13433: 13428: 13426:Illegal mining 13423: 13418: 13413: 13408: 13403: 13397: 13395: 13389: 13388: 13386: 13385: 13380: 13375: 13370: 13365: 13359: 13357: 13351: 13350: 13348: 13347: 13342: 13337: 13332: 13330:Caste politics 13326: 13324: 13318: 13317: 13315: 13314: 13309: 13304: 13299: 13294: 13289: 13284: 13282:Women's health 13279: 13274: 13269: 13264: 13259: 13253: 13251: 13245: 13244: 13242: 13241: 13236: 13231: 13226: 13221: 13216: 13214:Child marriage 13211: 13206: 13200: 13198: 13194: 13193: 13191: 13190: 13185: 13180: 13178:Nuclear family 13175: 13170: 13165: 13160: 13155: 13150: 13144: 13142: 13138: 13137: 13135: 13134: 13132:Water disputes 13129: 13124: 13119: 13114: 13112:Climate change 13109: 13103: 13101: 13095: 13094: 13092: 13091: 13086: 13080: 13078: 13072: 13071: 13069: 13068: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13048: 13043: 13041:Street vendors 13038: 13033: 13032: 13031: 13021: 13016: 13011: 13010: 13009: 12999: 12994: 12989: 12984: 12979: 12974: 12969: 12967:Communications 12963: 12961: 12955: 12954: 12947: 12946: 12939: 12932: 12924: 12915: 12914: 12912: 12911: 12906: 12900: 12898: 12894: 12893: 12891: 12890: 12889: 12888: 12878: 12873: 12867: 12865: 12861: 12860: 12858: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12826: 12824: 12820: 12819: 12817: 12816: 12814:Atrocities Act 12810: 12808: 12804: 12803: 12801: 12800: 12795: 12790: 12785: 12780: 12774: 12772: 12768: 12767: 12765: 12764: 12759: 12754: 12752:Untouchability 12749: 12744: 12739: 12734: 12728: 12722: 12717: 12711: 12709: 12705: 12704: 12702: 12701: 12696: 12691: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12661: 12656: 12651: 12646: 12641: 12639:Communal Award 12635: 12633: 12629: 12628: 12626: 12625: 12620: 12618:B. R. Ambedkar 12615: 12610: 12605: 12600: 12595: 12590: 12585: 12580: 12575: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12549: 12547: 12543: 12542: 12539:Caste in India 12535: 12534: 12527: 12520: 12512: 12506: 12505: 12500: 12493: 12492:External links 12490: 12488: 12487: 12481: 12465: 12459: 12446: 12440: 12427: 12422:978-8189013011 12421: 12408: 12402: 12389: 12383: 12370: 12352:(10): e12491. 12337: 12331: 12315: 12309: 12293: 12287: 12270: 12264: 12251: 12245: 12232: 12226: 12209: 12182: 12176: 12162: 12160: 12157: 12156: 12155: 12149: 12130: 12124: 12109: 12103: 12088: 12082: 12067: 12061: 12044: 12041: 12038: 12037: 12030: 12010: 11982: 11975: 11955: 11953:, p. 306. 11943: 11941:, p. 322. 11931: 11916: 11901: 11870: 11842: 11814: 11786: 11756: 11730: 11702: 11688: 11670: 11656: 11626: 11579: 11546: 11520: 11495: 11456: 11441: 11421: 11394:(2): 117–131. 11374: 11365:Language Forum 11351: 11338: 11326:"Introduction" 11316: 11294: 11268: 11243: 11238:Times of India 11226: 11202: 11171: 11140: 11113: 11102:(3): 104–105. 11079: 11045: 11026: 11001: 10971: 10960:. 20 June 2024 10943: 10917: 10892: 10881:. 4 March 2019 10866: 10847:(2): 239–261. 10831: 10813: 10778: 10756: 10733: 10724: 10722:, p. 133. 10712: 10700: 10698:, p. 110. 10688: 10681: 10649: 10622: 10605: 10575: 10554: 10521: 10498: 10469: 10441: 10406: 10378: 10346: 10318: 10295: 10269: 10239: 10211: 10183: 10164: 10138: 10112: 10101: 10075: 10049: 10021: 9999: 9977: 9948: 9916: 9887: 9858: 9831: 9816: 9796: 9778: 9758: 9747: 9727: 9717:978-0521453622 9716: 9692: 9657: 9639: 9619: 9602:978-0521805308 9601: 9595:. p. 37. 9591:. Cambridge : 9577: 9568: 9538: 9512: 9486: 9460: 9434: 9416: 9405:. 4 April 2014 9390: 9369: 9334: 9316: 9290: 9279:. 20 June 2002 9262: 9234: 9222: 9193: 9178: 9163: 9144: 9130: 9111: 9069: 9054: 9034: 9017: 9005: 8993: 8975: 8949: 8932: 8902: 8893: 8884: 8877: 8857: 8845: 8819: 8808: 8788: 8770: 8743: 8725: 8719:. p. 49. 8701: 8696:News East West 8683: 8670:978-0226615936 8669: 8645: 8634: 8610: 8599: 8575: 8557: 8538: 8500: 8489: 8465: 8454: 8430: 8404: 8378: 8367:on 13 May 2008 8361:Hinduism Today 8347: 8319: 8291: 8259: 8240: 8221: 8199: 8160: 8132: 8085: 8059: 8023: 7976: 7961: 7934: 7906: 7878: 7843: 7815: 7787: 7759: 7733: 7705: 7673: 7645: 7617: 7596: 7568: 7562:Times of India 7547: 7521: 7501: 7495:Times of India 7480: 7461: 7443: 7415: 7380: 7352: 7324: 7311:Times of India 7295: 7261: 7233: 7204: 7193:. 4 April 2018 7190:Times of India 7175: 7156: 7125: 7102: 7089:Times of India 7073: 7055: 7048: 7018: 6990: 6964: 6937: 6923:Times of India 6908: 6889: 6871: 6845: 6825: 6807: 6786: 6772:Times of India 6757: 6729: 6703: 6675: 6661:Times of India 6646: 6614: 6592: 6560: 6534: 6523:on 24 May 2015 6502: 6476: 6455: 6427: 6401: 6372: 6346: 6317: 6293: 6265: 6239: 6212: 6201: 6174: 6148: 6097: 6062: 6044: 6030: 6012: 6000:Guyana Journal 5994:Naidu, Janet. 5983: 5957: 5929: 5903: 5892: 5868: 5845: 5834: 5810: 5780: 5767:Times of India 5751: 5725: 5707: 5704:. NCHRO. 2009. 5693: 5673: 5653: 5642: 5620: 5609: 5585: 5574: 5545: 5538: 5515: 5496:(2): 217–241. 5480: 5469: 5441: 5423: 5403: 5397:978-0143065906 5396: 5371: 5345: 5339:978-0143451426 5338: 5320: 5287: 5264:. New series. 5249: 5220: 5185: 5153: 5142: 5118: 5107: 5080: 5069: 5047: 5021: 5010: 4987: 4980: 4953: 4944: 4933: 4913: 4888: 4861: 4850: 4825: 4814: 4785: 4779:978-1565856370 4778: 4752: 4735:ChakraNews.com 4721: 4714: 4696: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4668: 4658: 4639:River region, 4571:in Guangdong ( 4565: 4555: 4542: 4536: 4526: 4520: 4514: 4504: 4501:Fall of Saigon 4490: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4464: 4459: 4457:Nepaldalitinfo 4454: 4449: 4444: 4442:Lord Buddha TV 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4402:Dalit Buddhism 4399: 4397:Chaitya Bhoomi 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4360:List of Dalits 4358:Main article: 4355: 4354:Notable people 4352: 4329:Joatia Chamars 4298:Dalit feminism 4296:Main article: 4293: 4290: 4241: 4238: 4215:Pitambar Tarai 4111:Jyotirao Phule 4049: 4048: 4007: 4005: 3998: 3989:Main article: 3986: 3983: 3955: 3952: 3939: 3936: 3930: 3927: 3857: 3856: 3841:. Discuss and 3828: 3826: 3819: 3813: 3810: 3730:British Empire 3721: 3720:United Kingdom 3718: 3716: 3713: 3696: 3693: 3689:M. N. Srinivas 3680:Caste politics 3678:Main article: 3675: 3672: 3668:Ramnath Kovind 3616:of 1977–1979, 3594:Congress party 3572:Bangaru Laxman 3522: 3519: 3518: 3517: 3509: 3506: 3505: 3504: 3495: 3488: 3485: 3484: 3483: 3474: 3468: 3462: 3452: 3445: 3442: 3441: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3411: 3408: 3391:Dalit Panthers 3389:Main article: 3386: 3383: 3371: 3368: 3324: 3321: 3268: 3265: 3261:Putt Jattan De 3253:Putt Chamar De 3161: 3158: 3122: 3119: 3093:Mahar Regiment 3089:Maratha Empire 3060:issued by the 3016: 3013: 3001: 2998: 2967:Main article: 2964: 2961: 2956:Khap Panchayat 2893: 2890: 2872: 2869: 2843: 2840: 2808: 2805: 2793:Madhya Pradesh 2787:and funded by 2776: 2773: 2761:Maratha Empire 2715:forward castes 2692:India, stated 2677:Manmohan Singh 2659: 2658: 2656: 2655: 2648: 2641: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2617: 2616: 2615: 2605: 2600: 2595: 2594: 2593: 2588: 2583: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2547: 2546: 2544:Reverse racism 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2514:Prisoner abuse 2511: 2506: 2504:Power distance 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2470: 2469: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2422:Ethnic penalty 2419: 2418: 2417: 2415:Neurodiversity 2412: 2402: 2400:Dehumanization 2397: 2392: 2390:Cisnormativity 2387: 2382: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2369: 2368: 2366:Related topics 2365: 2364: 2361: 2360: 2354: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2282: 2281: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2238: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2230: 2229: 2223: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2210:State religion 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2191: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2149: 2148: 2146:Nuremberg Laws 2143: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2088:Ghetto benches 2085: 2083:Gerrymandering 2080: 2075: 2070: 2068:Gender pay gap 2065: 2064: 2063: 2058: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2027: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2017: 2016: 2010: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1845:Lavender scare 1842: 1840:Kill Haole Day 1837: 1835:Indian rolling 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1811: 1810: 1800: 1795: 1794: 1793: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1721:Eliminationism 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1658: 1656:Cancel culture 1653: 1648: 1643: 1642: 1641: 1630: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1625:Manifestations 1624: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1515:Middle Eastern 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1481: 1480: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1454: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1349: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1265: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1252: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1242:Zoroastrianism 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1218: 1217: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1204: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1169:Untouchability 1166: 1156: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1094: 1091: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1044: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 987:Leprosy stigma 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 853: 852: 851: 850: 847: 846: 843: 842: 836: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 804: 803: 798: 788: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 732: 731: 730: 729: 726: 725: 722: 721: 715: 714: 709: 704: 699: 693: 692: 691: 690: 687: 686: 683: 682: 674: 673: 671:Discrimination 667: 666: 655: 652: 604: 601: 541:Communal Award 537:Mahatma Gandhi 526:Jyotirao Phule 491: 488: 438:Andhra Pradesh 409: 408:Regional terms 406: 398:untouchability 369: 366: 362:folk religions 293: 290: 288: 285: 264:Dalit Panthers 258:themselves as 243:Jyotirao Phule 219:Jyotirao Phule 192:B. R. Ambedkar 183: 180: 117:of Japan, the 93:Jyotirao Phule 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16632: 16621: 16618: 16616: 16613: 16611: 16608: 16606: 16603: 16601: 16598: 16596: 16593: 16591: 16588: 16586: 16583: 16581: 16578: 16576: 16573: 16572: 16570: 16557: 16545: 16535: 16531: 16528: 16525: 16522: 16520: 16516: 16514: 16511: 16509: 16506: 16504: 16501: 16499: 16496: 16494: 16491: 16489: 16486: 16484: 16481: 16479: 16476: 16474: 16471: 16469: 16466: 16464: 16461: 16459: 16456: 16455: 16453: 16451: 16446: 16439: 16437: 16434: 16433: 16431: 16427: 16418: 16417: 16416: 16413: 16412: 16410: 16406: 16399: 16398:Nepali Muslim 16396: 16393: 16389: 16386: 16382: 16379: 16376: 16372: 16369: 16367: 16363: 16359: 16355: 16352: 16348: 16344: 16343: 16341: 16339: 16334: 16331: 16327: 16321: 16318: 16316: 16313: 16311: 16308: 16307: 16305: 16301: 16293: 16290: 16289: 16288: 16285: 16283: 16279: 16277: 16274: 16272: 16269: 16267: 16264: 16263: 16261: 16258: 16251: 16247: 16243: 16238: 16233: 16230: 16228: 16224: 16221: 16219: 16216: 16214: 16210: 16208: 16205: 16203: 16200: 16198: 16197:Western Majhi 16195: 16193: 16190: 16187: 16184: 16182: 16179: 16171: 16165: 16162: 16160: 16157: 16155: 16152: 16151: 16140: 16137: 16135: 16132: 16131: 16130: 16127: 16125: 16122: 16117: 16115: 16112: 16110: 16107: 16106: 16105: 16102: 16100: 16097: 16096: 16094: 16092: 16088: 16081: 16076: 16072: 16068: 16064: 16060: 16056: 16052: 16048: 16044: 16043: 16042: 16041: 16039: 16037: 16033: 16027: 16024: 16022: 16019: 16017: 16014: 16012: 16011:Eastern Majhi 16009: 16005: 16002: 16000: 15997: 15995: 15992: 15990: 15987: 15986: 15985: 15982: 15981: 15979: 15977: 15973: 15968: 15965: 15963: 15960: 15955: 15951: 15948: 15946: 15942: 15939: 15937: 15933: 15930: 15929: 15928: 15925: 15923: 15921: 15917: 15914: 15912: 15908: 15902: 15899: 15897: 15896:Lepcha (Rong) 15894: 15892: 15889: 15885: 15882: 15880: 15877: 15875: 15872: 15871: 15869: 15867: 15864: 15862: 15859: 15855: 15852: 15850: 15847: 15846: 15845: 15842: 15838: 15835: 15832: 15829: 15826: 15824: 15821: 15820: 15818: 15817: 15808: 15805: 15802: 15800: 15797: 15793: 15790: 15789: 15788: 15785: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15773: 15771: 15768: 15767: 15766: 15763: 15761: 15758: 15757: 15755: 15753: 15749: 15743: 15740: 15736: 15733: 15731: 15728: 15727: 15725: 15721: 15718: 15714: 15711: 15710: 15709: 15706: 15705: 15703: 15698: 15695: 15693: 15690: 15689: 15687: 15686: 15684: 15682: 15678: 15672: 15669: 15667: 15664: 15662: 15658: 15656: 15653: 15651: 15648: 15646: 15643: 15641: 15638: 15636: 15633: 15632: 15630: 15628: 15624: 15621: 15617: 15613: 15609: 15605: 15598: 15593: 15591: 15586: 15584: 15579: 15578: 15575: 15563: 15555: 15553: 15545: 15544: 15541: 15535: 15532: 15528: 15525: 15524: 15523: 15520: 15518: 15515: 15513: 15512:Social stigma 15510: 15506: 15503: 15501: 15498: 15496: 15493: 15492: 15491: 15488: 15486: 15483: 15481: 15478: 15476: 15473: 15471: 15468: 15466: 15463: 15459: 15456: 15455: 15454: 15451: 15449: 15446: 15444: 15441: 15439: 15436: 15434: 15431: 15429: 15426: 15424: 15421: 15419: 15416: 15414: 15411: 15409: 15406: 15404: 15401: 15399: 15396: 15394: 15391: 15389: 15386: 15382: 15379: 15378: 15377: 15374: 15372: 15369: 15367: 15364: 15362: 15359: 15357: 15354: 15352: 15349: 15347: 15344: 15342: 15339: 15337: 15334: 15330: 15327: 15325: 15322: 15321: 15320: 15317: 15315: 15312: 15310: 15307: 15305: 15302: 15300: 15297: 15295: 15292: 15290: 15287: 15286: 15284: 15280: 15274: 15271: 15269: 15266: 15264: 15261: 15259: 15256: 15254: 15251: 15249: 15246: 15244: 15241: 15239: 15236: 15234: 15231: 15229: 15226: 15224: 15221: 15219: 15216: 15214: 15211: 15209: 15206: 15202: 15199: 15198: 15197: 15194: 15192: 15189: 15187: 15184: 15182: 15179: 15177: 15174: 15172: 15169: 15167: 15164: 15163: 15161: 15157: 15151: 15148: 15146: 15143: 15141: 15138: 15136: 15135:State atheism 15133: 15131: 15128: 15126: 15123: 15119: 15116: 15114: 15111: 15109: 15106: 15104: 15101: 15100: 15099: 15096: 15094: 15091: 15089: 15086: 15084: 15081: 15077: 15074: 15072: 15071:Jim Crow laws 15069: 15068: 15067: 15064: 15062: 15059: 15057: 15056:One-drop rule 15054: 15052: 15050: 15046: 15044: 15041: 15039: 15036: 15034: 15031: 15029: 15026: 15024: 15021: 15019: 15016: 15014: 15011: 15009: 15006: 15004: 15001: 14999: 14996: 14992: 14989: 14987: 14984: 14983: 14982: 14979: 14977: 14974: 14972: 14971:Blood quantum 14969: 14967: 14964: 14962: 14959: 14958: 14956: 14950: 14944: 14941: 14939: 14936: 14934: 14931: 14929: 14926: 14924: 14921: 14919: 14918:Victimisation 14916: 14914: 14913:Trans bashing 14911: 14909: 14906: 14904: 14901: 14899: 14896: 14894: 14891: 14889: 14886: 14884: 14883:Religious war 14881: 14879: 14876: 14874: 14871: 14869: 14866: 14864: 14863:Racialization 14861: 14859: 14856: 14854: 14851: 14849: 14846: 14844: 14841: 14839: 14836: 14834: 14831: 14827: 14824: 14822: 14819: 14817: 14814: 14813: 14812: 14809: 14807: 14804: 14802: 14799: 14797: 14794: 14792: 14789: 14787: 14784: 14782: 14779: 14777: 14774: 14772: 14769: 14767: 14764: 14762: 14759: 14757: 14754: 14752: 14749: 14745: 14742: 14741: 14740: 14737: 14735: 14734:Glass ceiling 14732: 14728: 14725: 14724: 14723: 14720: 14718: 14715: 14713: 14710: 14708: 14705: 14703: 14700: 14698: 14695: 14693: 14690: 14688: 14685: 14683: 14680: 14678: 14677:Ethnic hatred 14675: 14673: 14670: 14668: 14665: 14663: 14660: 14658: 14655: 14653: 14650: 14648: 14645: 14643: 14640: 14638: 14635: 14633: 14630: 14628: 14625: 14623: 14620: 14618: 14615: 14613: 14612:Counter-jihad 14610: 14608: 14605: 14603: 14600: 14598: 14595: 14593: 14590: 14588: 14585: 14583: 14580: 14576: 14573: 14572: 14571: 14568: 14567: 14565: 14561: 14555: 14552: 14550: 14547: 14545: 14542: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14510: 14507: 14505: 14502: 14500: 14497: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14487: 14485: 14482: 14480: 14477: 14475: 14472: 14470: 14467: 14465: 14462: 14460: 14457: 14455: 14452: 14450: 14447: 14445: 14442: 14440: 14437: 14435: 14432: 14430: 14427: 14423: 14420: 14419: 14418: 14415: 14413: 14410: 14408: 14405: 14403: 14400: 14396: 14395:United States 14393: 14391: 14388: 14386: 14383: 14382: 14380: 14378: 14375: 14373: 14370: 14368: 14365: 14363: 14360: 14358: 14355: 14353: 14350: 14348: 14345: 14343: 14340: 14338: 14335: 14333: 14330: 14328: 14325: 14323: 14320: 14318: 14315: 14313: 14310: 14308: 14305: 14303: 14300: 14298: 14295: 14291: 14288: 14286: 14283: 14281: 14278: 14277: 14276: 14273: 14271: 14268: 14266: 14263: 14259: 14258:United States 14256: 14254: 14251: 14249: 14246: 14245: 14244: 14241: 14239: 14236: 14234: 14231: 14229: 14226: 14224: 14221: 14219: 14216: 14214: 14211: 14210: 14208: 14206: 14201: 14195: 14192: 14190: 14187: 14185: 14182: 14180: 14179:Protestantism 14177: 14175: 14172: 14168: 14165: 14164: 14163: 14160: 14154: 14151: 14149: 14146: 14144: 14141: 14139: 14136: 14135: 14134: 14131: 14130: 14129: 14126: 14122: 14119: 14117: 14114: 14113: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14100: 14097: 14095: 14094:LDS or Mormon 14092: 14090: 14087: 14085: 14082: 14080: 14077: 14076: 14075: 14072: 14070: 14067: 14065: 14062: 14060: 14057: 14056: 14054: 14052: 14048: 14042: 14039: 14037: 14034: 14030: 14027: 14025: 14024:Transmisogyny 14022: 14020: 14017: 14016: 14015: 14012: 14008: 14005: 14003: 14000: 13999: 13998: 13995: 13993: 13990: 13988: 13985: 13983: 13980: 13978: 13975: 13973: 13970: 13968: 13965: 13963: 13960: 13958: 13955: 13953: 13950: 13948: 13945: 13943: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13928: 13927:Gerontophobia 13925: 13923: 13920: 13918: 13915: 13913: 13910: 13908: 13905: 13903: 13900: 13898: 13895: 13893: 13890: 13888: 13885: 13883: 13880: 13878: 13875: 13873: 13870: 13868: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13857:Anti-intersex 13855: 13853: 13850: 13848: 13845: 13843: 13840: 13838: 13835: 13833: 13832:Anti-albinism 13830: 13828: 13825: 13823: 13820: 13818: 13815: 13814: 13812: 13808: 13802: 13799: 13797: 13794: 13792: 13789: 13787: 13784: 13782: 13779: 13777: 13774: 13770: 13767: 13765: 13762: 13761: 13760: 13757: 13755: 13752: 13750: 13747: 13745: 13742: 13740: 13737: 13735: 13732: 13730: 13727: 13725: 13722: 13720: 13717: 13715: 13712: 13710: 13707: 13705: 13702: 13701: 13699: 13695: 13689: 13686: 13684: 13681: 13679: 13676: 13674: 13673:Institutional 13671: 13670: 13668: 13664: 13660: 13653: 13648: 13646: 13641: 13639: 13634: 13633: 13630: 13618: 13615: 13613: 13610: 13608: 13607:Superstitions 13605: 13603: 13600: 13598: 13595: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13585:Homosexuality 13583: 13582: 13581: 13578: 13576: 13573: 13571: 13568: 13566: 13563: 13561: 13558: 13557: 13555: 13551: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13523: 13520: 13519: 13518: 13515: 13514: 13512: 13510: 13506: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13487: 13485: 13482: 13480: 13477: 13475: 13472: 13470: 13467: 13465: 13462: 13461: 13459: 13457: 13453: 13447: 13444: 13442: 13439: 13437: 13434: 13432: 13429: 13427: 13424: 13422: 13419: 13417: 13414: 13412: 13409: 13407: 13404: 13402: 13399: 13398: 13396: 13394: 13390: 13384: 13381: 13379: 13376: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13361: 13360: 13358: 13356: 13352: 13346: 13343: 13341: 13338: 13336: 13333: 13331: 13328: 13327: 13325: 13323: 13319: 13313: 13310: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13298: 13295: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13283: 13280: 13278: 13275: 13273: 13270: 13268: 13265: 13263: 13262:Bride burning 13260: 13258: 13255: 13254: 13252: 13250: 13246: 13240: 13237: 13235: 13232: 13230: 13227: 13225: 13222: 13220: 13217: 13215: 13212: 13210: 13207: 13205: 13202: 13201: 13199: 13195: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13181: 13179: 13176: 13174: 13171: 13169: 13166: 13164: 13161: 13159: 13156: 13154: 13151: 13149: 13146: 13145: 13143: 13139: 13133: 13130: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13118: 13115: 13113: 13110: 13108: 13105: 13104: 13102: 13100: 13096: 13090: 13087: 13085: 13082: 13081: 13079: 13077: 13073: 13067: 13064: 13062: 13059: 13057: 13054: 13052: 13049: 13047: 13044: 13042: 13039: 13037: 13034: 13030: 13027: 13026: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13008: 13005: 13004: 13003: 13000: 12998: 12995: 12993: 12990: 12988: 12985: 12983: 12980: 12978: 12975: 12973: 12970: 12968: 12965: 12964: 12962: 12960: 12956: 12952: 12945: 12940: 12938: 12933: 12931: 12926: 12925: 12922: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12901: 12899: 12895: 12887: 12884: 12883: 12882: 12879: 12877: 12874: 12872: 12869: 12868: 12866: 12862: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12840:Justice Party 12838: 12836: 12835:Dalit Panther 12833: 12831: 12828: 12827: 12825: 12823:Organisations 12821: 12815: 12812: 12811: 12809: 12805: 12799: 12796: 12794: 12791: 12789: 12786: 12784: 12781: 12779: 12776: 12775: 12773: 12769: 12763: 12760: 12758: 12755: 12753: 12750: 12748: 12745: 12743: 12740: 12738: 12735: 12732: 12729: 12726: 12723: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12713: 12712: 12710: 12706: 12700: 12697: 12695: 12692: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12684:Jat agitation 12682: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12650: 12647: 12645: 12642: 12640: 12637: 12636: 12634: 12630: 12624: 12621: 12619: 12616: 12614: 12611: 12609: 12606: 12604: 12601: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12550: 12548: 12544: 12540: 12533: 12528: 12526: 12521: 12519: 12514: 12513: 12510: 12504: 12501: 12499: 12496: 12495: 12484: 12482:81-7304-143-1 12478: 12474: 12470: 12466: 12462: 12456: 12452: 12447: 12443: 12437: 12433: 12428: 12424: 12418: 12414: 12409: 12405: 12403:0-932863-05-1 12399: 12395: 12390: 12386: 12380: 12376: 12371: 12367: 12363: 12359: 12355: 12351: 12347: 12343: 12338: 12334: 12328: 12324: 12320: 12316: 12312: 12310:81-7036-368-3 12306: 12302: 12298: 12294: 12290: 12284: 12280: 12276: 12271: 12267: 12265:81-7304-640-9 12261: 12257: 12252: 12248: 12246:81-250-2656-8 12242: 12238: 12233: 12229: 12223: 12219: 12215: 12210: 12203: 12199: 12195: 12188: 12183: 12179: 12173: 12169: 12164: 12163: 12152: 12146: 12142: 12138: 12137: 12131: 12127: 12121: 12117: 12116: 12110: 12106: 12100: 12096: 12095: 12089: 12085: 12079: 12075: 12074: 12068: 12064: 12058: 12054: 12053: 12047: 12046: 12033: 12027: 12023: 12022: 12014: 11999: 11998: 11993: 11986: 11978: 11972: 11968: 11967: 11959: 11952: 11947: 11940: 11935: 11929:, p. 10. 11928: 11927:Gorringe 2005 11923: 11921: 11913:. p. 54. 11912: 11905: 11897: 11893: 11889: 11885: 11881: 11874: 11859: 11858: 11853: 11846: 11831: 11830: 11825: 11818: 11803: 11802: 11797: 11790: 11774: 11770: 11766: 11760: 11744: 11740: 11734: 11719: 11718: 11713: 11706: 11698: 11692: 11684: 11680: 11674: 11659: 11657:9781315684314 11653: 11649: 11645: 11641: 11637: 11630: 11622: 11618: 11614: 11610: 11606: 11602: 11598: 11594: 11590: 11583: 11568: 11564: 11560: 11556: 11550: 11535: 11531: 11524: 11509: 11505: 11499: 11491: 11487: 11483: 11479: 11476:(22): 55–63. 11475: 11471: 11467: 11460: 11452: 11448: 11444: 11438: 11434: 11433: 11425: 11417: 11413: 11409: 11405: 11401: 11397: 11393: 11389: 11388:Prose Studies 11385: 11378: 11370: 11366: 11362: 11355: 11341: 11335: 11331: 11327: 11320: 11305: 11298: 11283: 11279: 11272: 11261: 11254: 11247: 11241:, 7 July 1989 11240: 11239: 11235: 11230: 11222: 11218: 11217: 11212: 11206: 11199: 11195: 11194:81-260-1194-7 11191: 11187: 11183: 11180: 11175: 11168: 11164: 11160: 11156: 11152: 11149: 11144: 11137: 11133: 11132:0-313-28778-3 11129: 11125: 11122: 11117: 11109: 11105: 11101: 11097: 11090: 11083: 11075: 11071: 11067: 11063: 11056: 11049: 11041: 11037: 11030: 11015: 11011: 11005: 10989: 10985: 10981: 10975: 10959: 10958: 10953: 10947: 10931: 10927: 10921: 10906: 10902: 10896: 10880: 10876: 10870: 10862: 10858: 10854: 10850: 10846: 10842: 10835: 10827: 10820: 10818: 10801: 10797: 10796: 10790: 10782: 10775: 10770: 10763: 10761: 10744: 10737: 10728: 10721: 10716: 10709: 10704: 10697: 10692: 10684: 10678: 10674: 10670: 10669: 10664: 10658: 10656: 10654: 10637: 10633: 10626: 10619: 10615: 10612:Pimenta, T., 10609: 10593: 10589: 10585: 10579: 10568: 10564: 10558: 10543: 10542: 10537: 10530: 10528: 10526: 10509: 10502: 10486: 10485: 10480: 10473: 10457: 10456: 10451: 10445: 10429: 10425: 10424: 10418: 10410: 10395: 10394: 10389: 10382: 10366: 10365: 10360: 10353: 10351: 10334: 10333: 10328: 10322: 10307:. indianet.nl 10306: 10299: 10283: 10279: 10273: 10257: 10253: 10249: 10243: 10227: 10226: 10221: 10215: 10199: 10198: 10193: 10187: 10179: 10175: 10168: 10152: 10148: 10142: 10127: 10123: 10116: 10108: 10104: 10098: 10094: 10090: 10086: 10079: 10064: 10060: 10053: 10038: 10037: 10032: 10025: 10009: 10003: 9987: 9981: 9965: 9964: 9959: 9952: 9936: 9932: 9931: 9926: 9920: 9905: 9901: 9894: 9892: 9876: 9875: 9869: 9862: 9846: 9845:Asian Tribune 9842: 9835: 9827: 9820: 9812: 9811: 9806: 9800: 9792: 9781: 9779:9788170170617 9775: 9771: 9770: 9762: 9754: 9750: 9748:9788170229247 9744: 9740: 9739: 9731: 9723: 9719: 9713: 9709: 9705: 9704: 9696: 9688: 9682: 9674: 9670: 9669: 9661: 9653: 9642: 9640:9788170229247 9636: 9632: 9631: 9623: 9615: 9604: 9598: 9594: 9590: 9589: 9581: 9572: 9556: 9552: 9548: 9542: 9527: 9523: 9516: 9501:. 3 June 2012 9500: 9496: 9490: 9474: 9470: 9464: 9449: 9445: 9438: 9430: 9426: 9420: 9404: 9403:India TV News 9400: 9394: 9386: 9385: 9380: 9373: 9365: 9361: 9357: 9353: 9349: 9345: 9338: 9330: 9329:Mumbai Mirror 9326: 9320: 9304: 9300: 9294: 9278: 9277: 9272: 9266: 9251: 9250: 9245: 9238: 9232: 9226: 9218: 9212: 9204: 9197: 9189: 9182: 9170: 9168: 9159: 9155: 9148: 9140: 9134: 9126: 9122: 9115: 9096: 9092: 9085: 9078: 9076: 9074: 9065: 9058: 9049: 9045: 9038: 9030: 9029: 9021: 9014: 9009: 9002: 8997: 8989: 8985: 8979: 8963: 8959: 8953: 8945: 8936: 8920: 8916: 8912: 8906: 8897: 8888: 8880: 8874: 8870: 8869: 8861: 8854: 8849: 8841: 8837: 8833: 8826: 8824: 8815: 8811: 8809:9781444131017 8805: 8801: 8800: 8792: 8784: 8780: 8774: 8766: 8762: 8758: 8754: 8747: 8739: 8728: 8722: 8718: 8714: 8713: 8705: 8697: 8693: 8687: 8672: 8666: 8662: 8658: 8657: 8649: 8641: 8637: 8631: 8627: 8623: 8622: 8614: 8606: 8602: 8596: 8592: 8588: 8587: 8579: 8571: 8567: 8561: 8553: 8549: 8542: 8532: 8527: 8523: 8519: 8515: 8511: 8504: 8496: 8492: 8486: 8482: 8478: 8477: 8469: 8461: 8457: 8451: 8447: 8443: 8442: 8434: 8418: 8414: 8408: 8392: 8388: 8382: 8366: 8362: 8358: 8351: 8336: 8335: 8330: 8323: 8308: 8307: 8302: 8295: 8279: 8275: 8274: 8269: 8263: 8255: 8251: 8244: 8236: 8232: 8225: 8210: 8203: 8195: 8191: 8187: 8183: 8179: 8175: 8171: 8164: 8149: 8148: 8143: 8136: 8128: 8124: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8108: 8105:(2): 91–101. 8104: 8100: 8096: 8089: 8074: 8070: 8063: 8048: 8044: 8040: 8039: 8034: 8027: 8019: 8015: 8011: 8007: 8003: 7999: 7996:(2): 94–106. 7995: 7991: 7987: 7980: 7973: 7972: 7968:S. Gurusamy. 7965: 7950: 7949: 7944: 7938: 7923: 7922: 7917: 7910: 7894: 7893: 7888: 7882: 7867: 7866: 7861: 7854: 7852: 7850: 7848: 7832:. 19 May 2019 7831: 7830: 7825: 7819: 7803: 7802: 7797: 7791: 7776: 7775: 7770: 7763: 7748: 7744: 7737: 7722: 7721: 7716: 7709: 7693: 7689: 7688: 7683: 7677: 7662: 7661: 7656: 7649: 7633: 7632: 7627: 7621: 7613: 7612: 7607: 7600: 7584: 7583: 7578: 7572: 7564: 7563: 7557: 7551: 7536: 7532: 7525: 7517: 7516: 7511: 7505: 7497: 7496: 7490: 7484: 7476: 7472: 7465: 7457: 7453: 7447: 7431: 7430: 7425: 7419: 7403: 7399: 7398: 7393: 7387: 7385: 7369: 7368: 7363: 7356: 7341: 7340: 7335: 7328: 7313: 7312: 7306: 7299: 7283: 7279: 7277: 7272: 7265: 7250: 7249: 7244: 7237: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7208: 7192: 7191: 7185: 7179: 7171: 7167: 7160: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7129: 7121: 7117: 7113: 7106: 7091: 7090: 7084: 7077: 7070: 7067:PRIA (2019): 7064: 7062: 7060: 7051: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7032: 7031: 7022: 7007:. 6 July 2015 7006: 7005: 7000: 6994: 6979: 6975: 6968: 6952: 6948: 6941: 6925: 6924: 6918: 6912: 6904: 6900: 6893: 6885: 6881: 6875: 6860: 6856: 6849: 6841: 6840: 6835: 6829: 6821: 6817: 6811: 6796: 6790: 6774: 6773: 6767: 6761: 6745: 6744: 6739: 6733: 6718: 6714: 6707: 6699: 6695: 6694: 6689: 6682: 6680: 6663: 6662: 6656: 6650: 6642: 6638: 6634: 6633: 6625: 6618: 6610: 6606: 6602: 6596: 6580: 6576: 6575: 6570: 6564: 6549: 6545: 6538: 6522: 6518: 6517: 6512: 6506: 6491: 6487: 6480: 6472: 6471: 6466: 6459: 6444: 6443: 6438: 6431: 6416: 6412: 6405: 6389: 6388: 6383: 6376: 6360: 6356: 6350: 6334: 6333: 6328: 6321: 6313: 6309: 6308: 6303: 6297: 6282: 6275: 6269: 6253: 6249: 6243: 6228: 6227: 6222: 6216: 6208: 6204: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6189: 6184: 6178: 6163:. 27 May 2002 6162: 6158: 6152: 6144: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6119:(2): 245–70. 6118: 6114: 6113: 6108: 6101: 6090: 6086: 6082: 6081: 6073: 6066: 6055: 6048: 6040: 6034: 6026: 6022: 6016: 6001: 5997: 5990: 5988: 5972: 5968: 5961: 5946: 5945: 5940: 5933: 5918: 5917:Outlook India 5914: 5907: 5899: 5895: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5880: 5872: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5856: 5849: 5841: 5837: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5822: 5814: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5784: 5769: 5768: 5762: 5755: 5739: 5735: 5729: 5721: 5717: 5711: 5703: 5697: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5677: 5666: 5660: 5658: 5649: 5645: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5624: 5616: 5612: 5606: 5602: 5598: 5597: 5589: 5581: 5577: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5552: 5550: 5541: 5535: 5531: 5530: 5525: 5519: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5484: 5476: 5472: 5466: 5463:. p. 3. 5462: 5458: 5457: 5452: 5445: 5437: 5426: 5420: 5416: 5415: 5407: 5399: 5393: 5389: 5386:. New Delhi: 5385: 5381: 5375: 5359: 5355: 5349: 5341: 5335: 5331: 5324: 5308: 5304: 5303: 5297: 5291: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5258:Fuller, C. J. 5253: 5245: 5240: 5236: 5231: 5229: 5227: 5225: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5194: 5192: 5190: 5173: 5169: 5168: 5167:Express India 5163: 5157: 5149: 5145: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5130: 5122: 5114: 5110: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5095: 5090: 5084: 5076: 5072: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5051: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5017: 5013: 5007: 5003: 5002: 4994: 4992: 4983: 4977: 4973: 4972: 4967: 4960: 4958: 4948: 4940: 4936: 4930: 4926: 4925: 4917: 4902: 4898: 4892: 4884: 4880: 4879: 4874: 4868: 4866: 4857: 4853: 4847: 4843: 4842: 4834: 4832: 4830: 4821: 4817: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4802: 4794: 4792: 4790: 4781: 4775: 4771: 4766: 4765: 4756: 4741:on 5 May 2018 4740: 4736: 4732: 4725: 4717: 4715:9780520959163 4711: 4707: 4700: 4692: 4688: 4682: 4678: 4665: 4664: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4624: 4620: 4619: 4618:jiuxing yumin 4613: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4563: 4559: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4543: 4540: 4537: 4533: 4532: 4527: 4524: 4521: 4518: 4515: 4511: 4510: 4505: 4502: 4497: 4496: 4491: 4488: 4485: 4480: 4479: 4474: 4473: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4432:Deekshabhoomi 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4377:Dalit studies 4375: 4373: 4370: 4369: 4361: 4351: 4349: 4346:Although the 4344: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4321: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4304: 4299: 4289: 4287: 4286: 4280: 4278: 4277: 4271: 4270: 4265: 4261: 4260:Chirag Paswan 4257: 4251: 4247: 4237: 4235: 4234:Dominic Jeeva 4231: 4226: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4203: 4199: 4198:Bojja Tarakam 4195: 4191: 4187: 4186:Gogu Shyamala 4183: 4182:Joseph Macwan 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4142:Baburao Bagul 4139: 4135: 4134:Dalit Panther 4131: 4127: 4126:Namdeo Dhasal 4123: 4122:Baburao Bagul 4119: 4114: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4045: 4042: 4034: 4031:November 2021 4024: 4020: 4014: 4013: 4008:This section 4006: 4002: 3997: 3996: 3992: 3982: 3980: 3979:Cisco Systems 3976: 3971: 3967: 3965: 3961: 3951: 3949: 3945: 3944:Romani people 3935: 3926: 3924: 3920: 3915: 3913: 3905: 3904: 3899: 3895: 3894:Mazhabi Sikhs 3890: 3886: 3883: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3863: 3853: 3844: 3840: 3836: 3834: 3827: 3818: 3817: 3809: 3807: 3806:Lady Thornton 3803: 3798: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3777: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3761: 3757: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3742: 3737: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3712: 3708: 3706: 3702: 3692: 3690: 3686: 3681: 3671: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3648: 3646: 3641: 3637: 3632: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3617: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3606:Indira Gandhi 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3573: 3569: 3564: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3532: 3528: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3503: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3491: 3490: 3482: 3478: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3447: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3422: 3421: 3416: 3407: 3401: 3397: 3392: 3382: 3377: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3334: 3330: 3320: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3272: 3264: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3245:Punjab Police 3241: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3213: 3210: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3167: 3157: 3155: 3151: 3150:Iyothee Thass 3146: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3118: 3116: 3111: 3109: 3105: 3104:Valmiki caste 3101: 3096: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3081: 3077: 3075: 3069: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3022: 3012: 3007: 2997: 2995: 2990: 2987:In 2015, the 2985: 2981: 2976: 2970: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2941: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2889: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2868: 2866: 2860: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2839: 2837: 2833: 2828: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2804: 2800: 2798: 2797:mid-day meals 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2772: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2749: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2730: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2695: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2669: 2665: 2654: 2649: 2647: 2642: 2640: 2635: 2634: 2632: 2631: 2621: 2618: 2614: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2598:Social stigma 2596: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2545: 2542: 2541: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2363: 2362: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2241: 2232: 2231: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2205:State atheism 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2170: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2154: 2151: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2141:Jim Crow laws 2139: 2138: 2137: 2134: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2126:One-drop rule 2124: 2122: 2120: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2053: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2041:Blood quantum 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2028: 2019: 2018: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1982:Victimisation 1980: 1978: 1977:Trans bashing 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1947:Religious war 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1927:Racialization 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1809: 1806: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1798:Glass ceiling 1796: 1792: 1789: 1788: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1741:Ethnic hatred 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1676:Counter-jihad 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1632: 1631: 1622: 1621: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1451:United States 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1314:United States 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1260: 1254: 1253: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1227:Protestantism 1225: 1223: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1212: 1211: 1208: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1177: 1174: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1142:LDS or Mormon 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1098: 1093: 1092: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1064:Transmisogyny 1062: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 967:Gerontophobia 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 897:Anti-intersex 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 872:Anti-albinism 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 854: 845: 844: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 802: 799: 797: 794: 793: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 733: 724: 723: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 697:Institutional 695: 694: 685: 684: 680: 676: 675: 672: 669: 668: 664: 660: 659: 651: 649: 645: 640: 636: 634: 630: 626: 622: 621:Uttar Pradesh 614: 609: 600: 598: 593: 591: 587: 583: 579: 573: 570: 565: 561: 556: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 529: 528:(1827–1890). 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 497: 487: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 460: 458: 454: 450: 445: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 422: 421:Adi Karnataka 417: 416: 405: 403: 399: 395: 390: 386: 385:Narsinh Mehta 382: 375: 365: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 334: 332: 328: 323: 319: 317: 313: 309: 308: 303: 299: 292:Official term 284: 280: 277: 272: 267: 265: 261: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 211: 209: 208:Bhakti period 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 179: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 136: 134: 133:feudal system 130: 126: 122: 121: 116: 115: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 89: 83: 74: 68: 38: 30: 26: 22: 16518: 16517:Unspecified 16473:Rajopadhyaya 16082:Newar Muslim 15827:Newar Muslim 15726:Eastern Rai 15704:Central Rai 15688:Western Rai 15616:Sino-Tibetan 15346:Gender-blind 15233:Human rights 15061:Racial quota 15048: 15028:Jewish quota 15008:Gerontocracy 15003:Gender roles 14981:Disabilities 14966:Blood purity 14938:Wife selling 14928:White flight 14908:Slut-shaming 14888:Scapegoating 14806:Murder music 14479:Palestinians 14422:Anti-Zionism 14290:South Africa 14275:Black people 14253:South Africa 14074:Christianity 14064:Baháʼí Faith 13992:Sectarianism 13932:Heterosexism 13897:Ephebiphobia 13867:Anti-Masonry 13734:Hair texture 13597:Human rights 13553:Other issues 13499:Tuberculosis 13484:Malnutrition 13339: 13322:Caste system 13297:Prostitution 13209:Child labour 13168:Joint family 13158:Dowry system 13148:Cohabitation 13107:Conservation 13061:Unemployment 13056:Urbanisation 12992:Debt bondage 12987:Land reforms 12747:Creamy layer 12719: 12472: 12450: 12431: 12412: 12393: 12374: 12349: 12345: 12322: 12319:Omvedt, Gail 12300: 12297:Omvedt, Gail 12274: 12255: 12236: 12213: 12202:the original 12197: 12193: 12167: 12135: 12114: 12093: 12072: 12051: 12020: 12013: 12003:19 September 12001:. 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Retrieved 11281: 11271: 11260:the original 11246: 11236: 11229: 11221:the original 11214: 11205: 11197: 11181: 11174: 11169:(Biography). 11166: 11162: 11150: 11143: 11135: 11123: 11116: 11099: 11096:Shodhmanthan 11095: 11082: 11068:(3): 27–28. 11065: 11062:Shodhmanthan 11061: 11048: 11039: 11029: 11017:. Retrieved 11013: 11004: 10994:17 September 10992:. Retrieved 10988:the original 10983: 10974: 10962:. Retrieved 10955: 10946: 10934:. Retrieved 10929: 10920: 10908:. Retrieved 10904: 10895: 10883:. Retrieved 10878: 10869: 10844: 10840: 10834: 10804:. Retrieved 10793: 10781: 10772: 10768: 10747:. Retrieved 10736: 10727: 10715: 10708:Ballard 1994 10703: 10696:Ballard 1994 10691: 10667: 10640:. Retrieved 10636:The Guardian 10635: 10625: 10618:Boyes Turner 10617: 10608: 10596:. Retrieved 10592:the original 10587: 10578: 10563:Flood, Gavin 10557: 10545:. Retrieved 10539: 10512:. Retrieved 10501: 10489:. Retrieved 10482: 10472: 10460:. Retrieved 10453: 10444: 10432:. 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Retrieved 8919:the original 8914: 8905: 8896: 8887: 8867: 8860: 8853:Sangave 1980 8848: 8840:the original 8835: 8814:Google Books 8812:– via 8798: 8791: 8782: 8773: 8759:(19): 1822. 8756: 8752: 8746: 8738:Google Books 8736:– via 8730:. Retrieved 8711: 8704: 8695: 8686: 8674:. Retrieved 8655: 8648: 8640:Google Books 8638:– via 8620: 8613: 8605:Google Books 8603:– via 8585: 8578: 8570:the original 8560: 8547: 8541: 8517: 8513: 8503: 8495:Google Books 8493:– via 8475: 8468: 8460:Google Books 8458:– via 8440: 8433: 8421:. Retrieved 8416: 8407: 8397:19 September 8395:. Retrieved 8390: 8381: 8369:. Retrieved 8365:the original 8360: 8350: 8340:19 September 8338:. Retrieved 8332: 8322: 8312:19 September 8310:. Retrieved 8304: 8294: 8282:. Retrieved 8278:the original 8271: 8262: 8253: 8243: 8234: 8224: 8212:. Retrieved 8202: 8177: 8173: 8163: 8151:. Retrieved 8145: 8135: 8102: 8098: 8088: 8076:. Retrieved 8072: 8062: 8050:. Retrieved 8036: 8026: 7993: 7989: 7979: 7969: 7964: 7952:. 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Retrieved 4739:the original 4734: 4724: 4705: 4699: 4690: 4681: 4616: 4594: 4590: 4577:Fuzhou Tanka 4372:Dalit League 4345: 4322: 4308: 4305: 4301: 4283: 4281: 4274: 4267: 4253: 4227: 4223:Urmila Pawar 4115: 4052: 4037: 4028: 4017:Please help 4012:verification 4009: 3972: 3968: 3957: 3941: 3932: 3922: 3918: 3916: 3909: 3901: 3880: 3847: 3833:undue weight 3830: 3802:Lord Avebury 3799: 3783:Meena Dhanda 3780: 3776:assimilation 3753: 3749: 3745: 3738: 3726:World War II 3723: 3709: 3704: 3698: 3683: 3649: 3633: 3618: 3582:Jagjivan Ram 3580: 3576: 3566:The rise of 3565: 3553:Nitish Kumar 3545:C. P. Thakur 3534: 3438:Dalit League 3405: 3379: 3376:Dalit Muslim 3364: 3360: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3344: 3335: 3332: 3323:Christianity 3312: 3291: 3273: 3270: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3242: 3215:In 2003 the 3214: 3211: 3199: 3174: 3169: 3147: 3124: 3112: 3097: 3082: 3078: 3070: 3042:Brahmo Samaj 3039: 3030: 3018: 3009: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2936:human faeces 2923: 2899: 2895: 2882:malnourished 2874: 2861: 2845: 2829: 2810: 2801: 2778: 2750: 2731: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2662: 2432:Gender-blind 2311:Human rights 2131:Racial quota 2118: 2098:Jewish quota 2078:Gerontocracy 2073:Gender roles 2051:Disabilities 2036:Blood purity 2002:Wife selling 1992:White flight 1972:Slut-shaming 1952:Scapegoating 1870:Murder music 1535:Palestinians 1478:Anti-Zionism 1346:South Africa 1331:Black people 1309:South Africa 1122:Christianity 1112:Baháʼí Faith 1032:Sectarianism 972:Heterosexism 937:Ephebiphobia 907:Anti-Masonry 766:Hair texture 644:Paul Diwakar 641: 637: 618: 603:Demographics 594: 588:enacted the 574: 557: 552: 548: 530: 500: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 461: 452: 446: 425: 419: 413: 411: 401: 380: 378: 353: 349: 341: 337: 335: 330: 329:rather than 326: 321: 320: 315: 311: 305: 301: 295: 281: 268: 259: 254: 250: 230: 222: 212: 187: 185: 152:Christianity 137: 118: 112: 108: 36: 35: 25: 16503:Damai/Dholi 16488:Vajracharya 16440:Simantakrit 16329:Other basis 16257:Indus-Ganga 16227:Oraon Sadri 16055:Vajracharya 15870:Raji–Raute 15248:Nonviolence 15243:LGBT rights 15208:Empowerment 15176:Anti-racism 15098:Segregation 15043:No kid zone 14843:Persecution 14756:Hate speech 14707:Gay bashing 14682:Ethnic joke 14637:Dog whistle 14582:Blood libel 14270:Azerbaijani 14174:Neopaganism 14167:Persecution 14133:Persecution 14116:Persecution 14079:Catholicism 14014:Transphobia 13997:Supremacism 13952:Lesbophobia 13872:Aporophobia 13837:Anti-autism 13688:Taste-based 13683:Statistical 13602:Prohibition 13441:Vigilantism 13355:Communalism 13345:Reservation 13277:Eve teasing 13272:Dowry death 13257:Acid attack 13173:Infertility 13099:Environment 13019:Remittances 12845:Ranvir Sena 12771:Commissions 12727:(SC and ST) 12475:. 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Punia 2842:Occupations 2727:Uttarakhand 2326:Nonviolence 2321:LGBT rights 2286:Empowerment 2254:Anti-racism 2168:Segregation 2113:No kid zone 1907:Persecution 1820:Hate speech 1771:Gay bashing 1746:Ethnic joke 1701:Dog whistle 1646:Blood libel 1326:Azerbaijani 1222:Neopaganism 1215:Persecution 1181:Persecution 1164:Persecution 1127:Catholicism 1054:Transphobia 1037:Supremacism 992:Lesbophobia 912:Aporophobia 877:Anti-autism 712:Taste-based 707:Statistical 625:West Bengal 558:Soon after 449:Maharashtra 415:Adi Dravida 287:Other terms 249:. The term 182:Terminology 176:reservation 105:fifth varna 16569:Categories 16303:Immigrants 16173:Indo-Aryan 15911:Indo-Aryan 15708:Khambu Rai 15522:Stereotype 15517:Speciesism 15398:Oppression 15393:Oikophobia 15289:Allophilia 15273:Toleration 15130:Sodomy law 15023:Internment 14943:Witch-hunt 14821:Blackhawks 14751:Hate group 14739:Hate crime 14712:Gendercide 14702:Freak show 14692:Excellence 14652:Employment 14622:Defamation 14554:Vietnamese 14549:Venezuelan 14439:Lithuanian 14106:Falun Gong 14041:Xenophobia 14036:Vegaphobia 14019:Non-binary 13977:Pedophobia 13942:Homophobia 13764:Skin color 13724:Disability 13697:Attributes 13678:Structural 13612:Disability 13517:Censorship 13446:Cybercrime 13401:Corruption 13378:Secularism 12855:Karni Sena 12644:Poona Pact 12415:. Zubaan. 10984:Muse India 10749:20 January 10642:20 January 10598:21 October 10491:20 January 10462:20 January 10434:20 January 10426:. London. 10399:20 January 10371:20 January 9505:20 January 9409:11 January 8968:27 January 8925:27 January 8715:. 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