49:
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970:, by Giovanni Garbini, (McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, Toronto), General Eds, Bernard S. Myers, New York, Trewin Copplestone, London, c 1966. "Discussion, or pictures of about 25 cylinder seals"; also lists the "Scaraboid seal", an impression seal (needs to be a mirror/reverse to be an impression seal).
204:
were used to make cylinder seals. As the alluvial country of
Mesopotamia lacks good stone for carving, the large stones of early cylinders were imported probably from Iran. Most seals have a hole running through the centre of the body, and they are thought to have typically been worn on a necklace to
981:
vol. 1 (New York, 1988). The final section (Bricks) of the book concerns cylinder Seals, with a foreword describing the purpose of the section as to instigate
Research into cylinder Seals. The 'cylinder sealing' on the bricks, was done multiple times per brick. Some are of high quality, and some
340:
The images depicted on cylinder seals were mostly theme-driven and often sociological or religious. Instead of addressing the authority of the seal, a better study may be of the thematic nature of the seals, since they presented the ideas of the society in pictographic and text form. In a famous
823:
Throughout much of the ancient Near
Eastern world, from the end of the 4th millennium B.C.E. until the 5th century B.C.E., cylinder seals were used both as administrative tools – functioning much as a signature does on an official document today, or used to mark one's property and to prevent
349:: he is aiming his drawn bow at an upright enraged lion impaled by two arrows, while his chariot horse is trampling a dead lion. The scene is framed between two slim palm trees and a block of cuneiform text and, above the scene, the
95:
is a small round cylinder, typically about one inch (2 to 3 cm) in length, engraved with written characters or figurative scenes or both, used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, generally wet
945:, (British Museum Press, London), 1987, 2005. Very comprehensive and up to date account, with many illustrations. The author has compiled several of the volumes cataloging the collection of cylinder seals in the British Museum.
250:
Most
Mesopotamian cylinder seals form an image using depressions in the cylinder surface (see lead photo above) to make bumps on the impression and are used primarily on wet clay; but some cylinder seals (sometimes called
897:
Throughout much of the ancient Near
Eastern world, from the end of the 4th millennium B.C.E. until the 5th century B.C.E., cylinder seals were used as decorative or protective amulets – often worn on a necklace or a
159:
and earlier
Assyrian periods. Impressions into a soft material can be taken without risk of damage to the seal, and they are often displayed in museums together with a modern impression on a small strip.
864:
cylinder-seal impressions appeared randomly on ceramic vessels, especially on pithoi manufactured in the region the seal-impression is the mark of the fabricant, intended to brand the vessel .
876:
802:
996:(Reprint), Metr. Mus. of Art Photograph Studio, Designed, Alvin Grossman, Photography, Lynton Gardiner, (Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin (Spring 1984)), c 1984. 56pgs.
1010:, Norman Hammond, Consultant, Nat'l Geogr. Soc., (Multiple Staff authors), (Nat'l Geogr., R.H.Donnelley & Sons, Willard, OH), 1994, 1999, Reg. or Deluxe Ed.
790:
Why
Cylinder Seals? Engraved Cylindrical Seal Stones of the Ancient Near East, Fourth to First Millennium B.C., by Edith Porada © 1993 College Art Association.
753:
Why
Cylinder Seals? Engraved Cylindrical Seal Stones of the Ancient Near East, Fourth to First Millennium B.C., by Edith Porada © 1993 College Art Association.
1142:
140:
writing on clay tablets. Other sources, however, date the earliest cylinder seals to a much earlier time, to the Late
Neolithic period (7600-6000 BC) in
935:, Ed. by Paul G. Bahn, (Barnes and Noble Books, New York), c 1999. Examples of, or discussions of Stamp seals, cylinder seals and a metal stamp seal.
596:
1137:
765:
884:
810:
1147:
243:
and other sites housing precious items such as gold, silver, beads, and gemstones often included one or two cylinder seals, as honorific
1053:
1112:
740:
48:
1127:
778:
1132:
324:
510:, 2112-2095 BC. Close-up picture of Seal, and adjacent 'modern impression', high resolution, 2X-3X natural size :: see
79:
307:
850:
725:
698:
671:
556:
256:
1003:, ed. Joan Aruz. 2008. Many cylinder seals of the period illustrated in color with impress=ions and descriptions.
575:
Assyria. Seals showing method of mounting; Brooklyn Museum
Brooklyn Museum Archives, Goodyear Archival Collection
369:
The reference below, Garbini, covers many of the following categories of cylinder seal. Dominique Collon's book
17:
687:
Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and; Hansen, Donald P.; Pittman, Holly (1998).
1044:
a collection of seals and scarabs from international collectors and galleries, accompanied by an archeologist
311:
This cylinder seal from Cyprus shows two nude female figures. Each holds a flower, a symbol of fertility.
567:. This cylinder seal is dated to approximately 650 BC and is unrelated to the Mesopotamian cylinder seals.
1025:, Andrew Robinson, (Thames and Hudson), c 1995, paperback ed., c 1999. (Page 70, Chapter 4: Cuneiform)
842:
The Archaeology of the Bronze Age Levant: From Urban Origins to the Demise of City-States, 3700-1000 BCE
155:
and finger ring seal. They survive in fairly large numbers and are important as art, especially in the
1122:
1096:
989:
976:
645:
394:, stone seal w/ modern impression. See National Geographic Ref. The glyptic (the Scenes) shows "God in
1117:
952:, (British Museum, London), 1990. Shorter account which also includes stamp seals . Part of the BM's
1152:
1080:
511:
914:
312:
715:
661:
1048:
688:
60:, found in her tomb, dated circa 2600 BC, with modern impression. Inscription: 𒅤𒀜 𒎏 - Pu
1066:
8:
223:
Cylinder-seal impressions served as an administrative tool, a form of signature, and for
53:
333:
169:
27:
Form of seal used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface
1081:
Kassite, Seal Impression, Department of the History of Art, University of Pennsylvania
1015:
846:
721:
694:
667:
493:
418:
559:
ceramic cylinder seal containing what has been proposed as evidence of the earliest
255:) print images using ink or similar using raised areas on the cylinder (such as the
938:
657:
551:
412:
224:
177:
32:
845:. Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 92.
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68:
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621:
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1092:
3D development simulation of the Cylinder Seal of Ibni Sharrum by D. Pitzalis
1070:
839:(7 November 2019). "Urbanism and Its Demise in the Early Bronze II and III".
601:
236:
133:
125:
41:
1074:
963:, 1939, London. A classic, though obviously doesn't reflect later research.
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329:
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267:) and produce images on cloth and other similar two-dimensional surfaces.
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or slightly earlier. They are linked to the invention of the latter's
1077:, click on pictures; (possibly not meant to be an 'Impression seal').
1008:
Wonders of the Ancient World; National Geographic Atlas of Archeology
979:: Tablets, Cones, and Bricks of the Third and Second Millennia B.C.,
616:
470:
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1001:
Beyond Babylon, Art, Trade and Diplomacy in the Second Millennium BC
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792:, The Art Bulletin, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Dec., 1993), pp. 563-582, JSTOR
755:, The Art Bulletin, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Dec., 1993), pp. 563-582, JSTOR
507:
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cylinder seal (and impression), with 2095 BC hieroglyphs, 2X-3X;
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429:
403:
264:
101:
100:. According to some sources, cylinder seals were invented around
1086:
Seal impressions-(High Res), (1 Seal), God/Symbols explanations.
373:, which is dedicated to the topic, has over 1000 illustrations.
227:. The cylinders themselves functioned as jewelry and as magical
1043:
476:
433:
346:
274:
260:
228:
512:
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_1880-1009-1
332:
cylinder seal shows a ritual with winged protective deities.
141:
87:. Linescan camera image (reversed to resemble an impression).
57:
1033:, impression only, of chariot hunting scene, 2X, ca 500 BC.
1018:
Cylinder seal, with its modern seal impression. p. 71.
270:
Cylinder seal impressions appear on a variety of surfaces:
121:
117:
109:
97:
943:
First Impressions, Cylinder Seals in the Ancient Near East
1061:
686:
263:
archaeological site in the present-day Mexican state of
168:
The cylinder seals themselves are typically made from
933:
Lost Treasures, Great Discoveries in World Archaeology
212:
Size comparison of seals, with their impression strips
144:, hundreds of years before the invention of writing.
239:
or attest to multiple impressions of clay documents.
578:
1060:- by Mark B. Garrison and Margaret C. Root, at the
532:see Ref (Garbini), "Seated God, and Worshippers",
1104:
597:Ancient Near Eastern seals and sealing practices
320:Theme-driven, memorial, and commemorative nature
968:Landmarks of the World's Art, The Ancient World
717:Critical Approaches to Ancient Near Eastern Art
1050:Seals on the Persepolis Fortification Tablets
231:; later versions would employ notations with
1143:Cylinder and impression seals in archaeology
714:Brown, Brian A.; Feldman, Marian H. (2013).
713:
176:. They may also use glass or ceramics, like
824:tampering with sealed doors or containers .
693:. UPenn Museum of Archaeology. p. 78.
128:period, and they follow the development of
883:. Johns Hopkins University. Archived from
809:. Johns Hopkins University. Archived from
766:"Cylinder seals (Article) | Sumerian"
835:
259:seal, found not in Mesopotamia but in an
83:Old Babylonian cylinder seal, c.1800 BC,
656:
570:
550:
323:
306:
207:
78:
47:
31:
982:are not. (Also contains the only 2 el
536:, p. 40, (British Museum, London).
14:
1138:Ancient Near East art and architecture
1105:
364:
235:. In later periods, they were used to
534:Cylinder seal, and a modern Impressin
180:. Many varieties of material such as
690:Treasures from the Royal Tombs of Ur
376:A categorization of cylinder seals:
911:"Cylinder Seal with a Nude Goddess"
881:Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum
807:Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum
24:
1148:Sculpture of the Ancient Near East
925:
720:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 304.
25:
1169:
1037:
205:be always available when needed.
1113:4th-millennium BC establishments
581:
425:era tombs and graves (imported).
294:components of fabricated objects
151:, a category which includes the
903:
869:
829:
795:
646:British Museum notice WA 121544
447:Clay envelope usage, etc.; see
108:, at the contemporary sites of
40:and its impression, c.3100 BC.
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680:
650:
639:
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1128:Archaeological artefact types
973:Metropolitan Museum of Art.
632:
529:Neo-Sumerian cylinder seals.
506:see Ref. (Robinson), Seal of
499:Seals of the "Moon-God"; see
388:
147:Cylinder seals are a form of
1133:Archaeology of the Near East
999:Metropolitan Museum of Art.
986:, in the US, with Analysis.)
357:, the god representation of
214:(modern/current impressions)
163:
7:
741:Mesopotamian cylinder seals
546:
10:
1174:
1062:Oriental Institute webpage
990:Metropolitan Museum of Art
977:Metropolitan Museum of Art
666:. Routledge. p. 622.
518:Shamash pictographic seals
994:Ancient Near Eastern Art,
398:", people, and offerings.
172:, and some are a form of
877:"Ancient Cylinder Seals"
803:"Ancient Cylinder Seals"
409:Cypriote Cylinder Seals.
975:Cuneiform Texts in the
218:
1006:National Geogr. Soc.
915:The Walters Art Museum
576:
568:
541:Syrian cylinder seals.
337:
316:
313:The Walters Art Museum
233:Mesopotamian cuneiform
215:
116:and slightly later at
88:
76:
45:
1056:25 March 2013 at the
1014:, section, pp 68–75.
954:Interpreting the Past
574:
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36:Cylinder-seal of the
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1023:The Story of Writing
966:Garbini, Giovanni.
479:cylinder seals; see
948:Collon, Dominique.
365:Categories of seals
341:cylinder depicting
257:San Andrés cylinder
54:First Dynasty of Ur
1021:Robinson, Andrew.
1012:Origins of Writing
950:Near Eastern Seals
837:Greenberg, Raphael
663:The Sumerian World
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569:
555:A roll-out of the
460:), cylinder seals.
338:
334:Walters Art Museum
317:
216:
89:
77:
46:
1123:Hardstone carving
939:Collon, Dominique
658:Crawford, Harriet
371:First Impressions
120:in south-western
52:Cylinder seal of
16:(Redirected from
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225:product branding
178:Egyptian faience
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889:. Retrieved
885:the original
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856:. Retrieved
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811:the original
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330:Neo-Assyrian
303:storage jars
288:clay tablets
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198:lapis lazuli
174:engraved gem
167:
146:
112:in southern
92:
90:
73:Queen Pu-abi
72:
29:
589:Asia portal
565:Mesoamerica
522:Mari, Syria
419:Predynastic
355:Ahura Mazda
281:commodities
245:grave goods
130:stamp seals
124:during the
114:Mesopotamia
38:Uruk period
1107:Categories
633:References
612:Stamp seal
557:San Andres
471:Babylonian
353:symbol of
170:hardstones
157:Babylonian
153:stamp seal
617:LMLK seal
464:Mittanian
436:ext link.
428:Egyptian
421:Egyptian
351:Faravahar
300:envelopes
279:bales of
202:carnelian
164:Materials
138:cuneiform
106:Near East
1054:Archived
1031:Darius I
1027:Ur-Nammu
1016:Akkadian
891:23 April
858:23 April
817:23 April
660:(2013).
547:See also
508:Ur-Nammu
494:Sumerian
481:Darius I
458:Kassites
413:Egyptian
404:Assyrian
382:Akkadian
343:Darius I
237:notarize
194:amethyst
190:steatite
186:obsidian
182:hematite
85:hematite
1097:YouTube
520:"; see
488:Elamite
477:Persian
449:Kultepe
442:Hittite
430:Faience
275:amulets
265:Tabasco
229:amulets
132:in the
104:in the
102:3500 BC
956:series
849:
724:
697:
670:
486:Proto-
434:Pepi I
432:; see
423:Naqada
347:Persia
285:bricks
241:Graves
56:Queen
396:barge
328:This
297:doors
291:cloth
261:Olmec
142:Syria
58:Puabi
1158:Uruk
898:pin.
893:2023
860:2023
847:ISBN
819:2023
722:ISBN
695:ISBN
668:ISBN
469:Old
219:Uses
200:and
122:Iran
118:Susa
110:Uruk
98:clay
66:(AD)
64:-abi
1095:on
1069:of
992:.
563:in
501:Sin
345:of
69:Nin
1109::
1073:.
941:.
913:.
895:.
879:.
862:.
821:.
805:.
389:c.
361:.
247:.
196:,
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184:,
91:A
71:-
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917:.
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730:.
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315:.
75:.
62:3
44:.
20:)
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