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the table, for the souls of their parents, children and relatives. After this, standing and walking to and fro, they ate and drank, and forced us to do likewise. Later, they brought an empty beer keg and beat on it with two sticks, and the men and women, as well as the children, danced around the table, something that continued for the whole night. When they went to bed one after another, they invited us to eat and take with us what we would, since they would not eat what was left over, but would give it to the dogs. Neither did they want to take any payment from us for what we had eaten.
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was approaching, they went hunting in their holy forest, where they do no hunting and do not cut a single rod throughout the rest of the year. All that they now hunted there: roe deer, red deer and hares, they skinned, cooked and placed on a long table. They fastened a large number of wax candles to
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The aforementioned
Curonians, although they have been made Christian by force, have a sect that, instead of burying their dead, burns them in a nearby grove or forest, dressed and adorned with the finest ornaments, constructing a pyre entirely from oak wood; and they consider that if the smoke rises
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they gradually lost their privileges, but they were still counted as a separate class. They were not recognized landlords but maintained a middle position between landlords and peasants. However, in the 18th century they were likened to
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where nobody was allowed to hunt or walk. It is possible that the first mention in written sources of those sacred forests occurs in the record left by the
Flemish knight
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The
Russians protected themselves boldly, and they knocked out a Curonian cadet (who, although only a peasant, is called by them the Curonian king) from his horse.
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Voyages et ambassades de
Messire Guillebert de Lannoy: chevalier de la Toison d'or, seigneur de Santes, Willerval, Tronchiennes, Beaumont et Wahégnies. 1399-1450
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Their status was again recognized in 19th century, although they were not recognized as part of local nobility. In 1860, there were 833 Curonian kings living in
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I first reached Mummel and then passed through
Courland, reaching the Curonian king, where we had to watch his pagan superstitions. Since
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awarded
Curonian King Andrejs Peniķis, commander of the Curonian light cavalry for his loyal service during Livonian wars with
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It is unclear how
Curonian Kings gained their status, however, a popular assumption is that their ancestors were
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of Kuldīga and they were related to him only by military service in case of war. Curonians usually served as a
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straight up to the heavens, then the soul is saved, but if it is blown to the side, then the soul is lost.
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cultural group, originally lesser vassals and free farmers that lived in seven villages between
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The
Curonian Kings also were allowed to practice some aspects of paganism during the period of
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Curonian king woman from
Turlava parish in Kuldīga region wearing traditional clothing (1895)
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Postcard from early 20th century showing
Curonian Kings with their coat of arms column
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346:(1874–1964) – Latvian general, commander in chief of Latvian Army from 1928 to 1934.
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Their Christmas traditions were described in a 16th century travel description by
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in the Livonian Order army. Sources mention that Curonian Kings fought in the
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439:Алфавитный список народов, обитающих в Российской Империи. СПб., 1895
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It is known that in the 17th century Curonian Kings had their own
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against invading Russians, as Johann Renner's chronicle reports:
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394:"The Sacred Groves of the Curonian Ķoniņi: Past and Present"
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Johann Renner, Lievländische Historien, 1556–1561, C. 124v
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based on the 17th. century coat of arms of Curonian Kings
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Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 4. Auflage von 1888–1890.
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in 1414. In 1413–1414, he travelled through Livonia to
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376:https://www.folklore.ee/folklore/vol42/laime.pdf
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69:Learn how and when to remove this message
280:. Despite formal Christianisation after
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197:Dragūnciems
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177:Pliķu ciems
51:introducing
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316:apothecary
313:Königsberg
272:Traditions
181:Kalējciems
173:Ķoniņciems
34:references
409:: 67–80.
324:Christmas
244:. In the
402:Folklore
330:—
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294:Novgorod
257:duties.
222:—
199:(now in
165:nobility
162:Curonian
150:Courland
136:) are a
59:May 2018
156:History
138:Latvian
130:Latvian
47:improve
255:socage
205:komtur
195:, and
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36:, but
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