374:
4094:
116:
2853:“In this island of Zubu there are dogs and cats, and other animals, whose flesh is eaten; there is also rice, millet, panicum, and maize; there are also figs, oranges, lemons, sugar-canes, cocos, gourds, ginger, honey, and other such things; they also make palm-wine of many qualities. Gold is abundant. The island is large, and has a good port with two entrances: one to the west, and the other to the east-north-east. It is in ten degrees north latitude and 154 east longitude from the line of demarcation.”
324:
310:
1292:
1980:
36:
5042:
5052:
1354:
2981:, ridiculed the Visayans that came and assisted the Miguel de Legaspi expedition (Which also included the Cebuanos) as an easily conquerable people. Fernao Mendes Pinto, among the earlier Portuguese colonists of Southeast Asia, pointed out that there were Muslims and non-Muslims among the inhabitants of the Philippines who fought each other.
2801:"Have good care, O king, what you do, for these men are those who have conquered Calicut, Malacca, and all India the Greater. If you give them good reception and treat them well, it will be well for you, but if you treat them ill, so much the worse it will be for you, as they have done at Calicut and at Malacca."
2932:
who succeeded Rajah
Humabon as king of Cebu. There is linguistic evidence that Cebu tried to preserve its Indian-Malay roots as time wore on since Antonio Pigafetta the scribe of Magellan described Rajah Tupas' father, the brother of Rajah Humabon as a "Bendara" which means "Treasurer" or "Vizier" in
3512:
The book Aginid recounts the beginning of Cebu as having been founded by
Bataugong and Balintawak, supposedly Humabon's great-grandparents. The book further narrates how the descendants of this couple founded their own chiefdoms and the narrative shows that the rulers of Butuan, for instance, were
3696:
Delfin, F., Min-Shan Ko, A., Li, M., Gunnarsdóttir, E. D., Tabbada, K. A., Salvador, J. M., Calacal, G. C., Sagum, M. S., Datar, F. A., Padilla, S. G., De Ungria, M. C. A., & Stoneking, M. (2014). Complete mtDNA genomes of
Filipino ethnolinguistic groups: a melting pot of recent and ancient
2705:
of Cebu City. He died of disease. Sri Bantug had a brother called Sri Parang who was originally slated to succeed Sri Bantug. But he was a cripple and could not govern his polity because of his infirmity. Parang handed his throne to Sri Bantug's son and his nephew, Sri
Humabon (also spelled Sri
2836:
The
Rajahnate of Cebu had diplomatic recognition among the other kingdoms of Southeast Asia. When Ferdinand Magellan's expedition landed on the port-kingdom of Cebu; the expedition scribe noted that not long before, an embassy carried by a ship from Siam
115:
373:
4093:
3070:, Palawan and in Mactan, Cebu. The crudeness of the artifacts indicates they were of local reproduction. The icons were destroyed during World War II. However, black and white photographs of these icons survive.
5007:
5017:
2957:. The rajahs of Butuan were descendants of Rajah Kiling, who according to Researcher Eric Casino, were not Visayan in origin but rather, Indian, because Kiling refers to the people of India. The
63:
as sources—the two former have been proven hoaxes, and the
History of Panay is considered as a mere legend, as well as Macachor and Montebon's works, which greatly source from the former three.
3797:
2989:
Indianization, although it was superseded by
Hispanization, left markers in the Cebuano language and culture, such as religious practices and common vocabulary words whose origins are from
4976:
120:
Map of the
Rajanate of Cebu in 1521, with Sugbu under Rajah Humabon colored as dark blue, and its subordinate barangays as lighter blue. Mactan under Si Lapulapu is colored yellow green.
1118:
1881:
3220:
Santarita, J. B. (2018). Panyupayana: The
Emergence of Hindu Polities in the Pre-Islamic Philippines. Cultural and Civilisational Links Between India and Southeast Asia, 93–105.
3262:
5088:
4971:
4981:
4031:
3996:
930:
4072:
3790:
1082:
5522:
2933:
Sanskritized Malay and is a shortening of the word "Bendahara" (भाण्डार) which means "Storage house" in
Sanskrit. The Hindu polity was dissolved during the reign of
5142:
960:
5557:
1077:
5611:
3783:
1874:
1031:
3082:
region, which is dominated by the Cebuano ethnic group, into Sugbu region, the former name of the region prior to Spanish colonization in the 16th century.
1940:
from southern India to establish a base for expeditionary forces, but he rebelled and established his own independent polity. The capital of the nation was
2363:
1320:
5027:
4138:
400:
1337:
1182:
5081:
1811:
1217:
1365:
1867:
5747:
5626:
5493:
4107:
3125:
1277:
1816:
5114:
4078:
1108:
1100:
61:
History of Panay from the first inhabitants and the Bornean immigrants from which the Bisayans are descended to the Arrival of the Spaniards
5074:
4043:
2856:“In this island there are several towns, each of which has its principal men or chiefs. Here are the names of the towns and their chiefs:—
1833:
1821:
1067:
940:
889:
5742:
5473:
1197:
1192:
1143:
462:
4116:
4066:
2953:
had relations with each other, as evidenced by the fact that Rajah Colambu of Butuan gave guidance to the Magellan expedition to reach
1059:
1021:
1013:
907:
701:
467:
3532:. Proceedings of The National Conference On Undergraduate Research (NCUR) 2020 Montana State University, Bozeman MT March 26–28, 2020.
5382:
3990:
3984:
3709:
1345:
1272:
1207:
772:
505:
712:
3486:
Sala-Boza, Astrid (2006). "The Genealogy of Hari' Tupas: An Ethnohistory of Chiefly Power and Hierarchy in Sugbu as a Protostate".
3135:
1313:
5338:
4956:
4131:
2666:
17:
3752:
1252:
965:
847:
415:
3587:
5488:
5370:
3625:
3194:
2763:
1792:
5532:
5284:
5255:
4931:
4681:
2679:
Sri Lumay was noted for his strict policies in defending against Moro Muslim raiders and slavers from Mindanao. His use of
1961:
1838:
1267:
1212:
1177:
1158:
1000:
752:
487:
303:
3524:
1928:. It is known in ancient Chinese records as the nation of Sokbu (束務). According to Visayan oral legend, it was founded by
2718:'s reign, the region had since become an important trading center where agricultural products were bartered. From Japan,
1843:
1826:
1306:
1257:
1232:
1187:
985:
353:
3768:
3274:
4124:
3263:
THE GENEALOGY OF HARI' TUPAS: AN ETHNOHISTORY OF CHIEFLY POWER AND HIERARCHY IN SUGBU AS A PROTOSTATE Astrid Sala-Boza
3657:
3375:
1242:
425:
5426:
3397:
3025:, the feudal warrior class of the ancient Visayan societies of the Philippines who were regarded as higher than the
5621:
1227:
1222:
767:
5416:
5431:
5421:
5360:
5328:
4049:
3613:
2687:(literally "that of Sri Lumay's great fire") to the town, which was later shortened to Sugbu ("scorched earth").
955:
181:
3290:
5752:
5129:
4185:
2563:
1781:
1202:
623:
492:
477:
383:
2965:
as the immigrant people from India to Southeast Asia. However, Cebu was not at peace with all Rajahnates. The
4766:
782:
392:
69:
2813:
phrase of merchants under the authority of Rajah Humabon, with a meaning in English of: "our capital city":
5012:
4008:
3951:
2849:
Antonio Pigafetta, the expedition scribe, enumerated the towns and dependencies the Rajahnate of Cebu had.
1247:
1237:
787:
633:
5552:
5318:
5295:
5167:
5119:
4876:
4251:
3940:
3900:
3130:
2659:
2638:
1957:
1568:
1504:
1113:
867:
601:
541:
4532:
4146:
3467:
The First Voyage Round the World by Antonio Pigafetta, translated by Lord Stanley of Alderley (Page 105)
2977:
had an arrogant attitude against Cebuanos and Visayans as the rajah of Maynila who had an Islamic name,
1736:
5498:
5365:
5333:
5302:
5290:
4055:
3918:
3852:
3775:
3734:
3229:
2598:
2583:
1856:
1563:
1489:
980:
581:
526:
362:
3675:
The Sanskrit loan-words in Cebuano-Bisayan language and the Indian elements to Cebuano-Bisayan culture
2938:
5721:
5616:
5477:
4208:
4014:
3840:
2603:
1914:
1524:
862:
777:
531:
48:
1987:(lost during World War 2), found at Mactan-Cebu. It shows how the culture of the area was Hindu and
5757:
5216:
5201:
4926:
4891:
4846:
4698:
4674:
4562:
4479:
3978:
3906:
3435:
Pigafetta, A., Nancy-Libri-Phillipps-Beinecke-Yale codex, Skelton, R.A. English translation. pg. 71
3162:
2912:
was fought on 27 April 1521 between forces of Rajah Humabon which included the Portuguese explorer
1691:
1573:
950:
832:
827:
663:
591:
3455:
3062:
In 1921, Henry Otley Beyer found a crude Buddhist medallion and a copper statue of a Hindu deity,
2782:). First contact with the Spanish also occurred during Humabon's reign, resulting in the death of
2695:
Sri Lumay was succeeded by the youngest of his sons, Sri Bantug, who ruled from a region known as
65:
5527:
5461:
5223:
5109:
4816:
4811:
4706:
3834:
1087:
1026:
945:
852:
732:
576:
430:
3346:
5696:
5066:
4936:
4911:
4826:
4806:
4756:
4726:
4716:
4586:
3334:
2652:
2623:
1681:
1123:
837:
5436:
3641:
3543:
Casino, Eric (2014). "The Barangays of Butuan: Lumad Mindanaoans in China and the Sulu Zone".
5762:
5638:
5547:
5022:
4901:
4896:
4776:
4578:
4097:
Map of the Philippines from "Harper's Pictorial History of the War with Spain" Vol. II (1899)
4020:
3966:
2520:
1606:
1041:
925:
817:
722:
5323:
5157:
4966:
4916:
4871:
4851:
4841:
4741:
4537:
2966:
2949:
The rajahs of Cebu were relatives to the rajahs of Butuan. Thus the Rajahnates of Cebu and
2460:
2450:
1944:
which is Tamil-Sanskrit for "Lion City", the same root words with the modern city-state of
1656:
1472:
1046:
1036:
995:
975:
842:
440:
435:
5639:
Dr. Leticia Ramos-Shahani - sister of former President Fidel Ramos is married to an Indian
3476:
Becoming Indian: The Unfinished Revolution of Culture and Identity by Pavan K. Varma p.125
8:
5206:
4996:
4941:
4856:
4836:
4721:
4711:
4667:
4597:
4557:
4508:
4453:
4152:
4037:
3929:
3882:
3308:
2950:
2430:
1661:
1611:
1558:
1138:
884:
792:
747:
737:
683:
596:
3697:
lineages in the Asia-Pacific region. European Journal of Human Genetics, 22(2), 228–237.
5387:
5172:
5138:
4986:
4921:
4886:
4821:
4801:
4791:
4751:
4736:
4731:
4487:
4240:
4002:
3972:
3646:
3495:
2913:
2783:
2480:
2410:
2383:
2373:
2293:
1907:
1731:
1601:
1296:
920:
822:
812:
797:
445:
420:
5716:
5666:
5646:
5211:
5177:
5162:
5051:
4946:
4906:
4881:
4861:
4796:
4771:
4761:
4746:
4524:
4382:
4225:
4148:
3894:
3769:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110721110617/http://www.nhi.gov.ph/downloads/mp0073.pdf
3678:
3653:
3621:
3371:
3190:
2536:
2353:
2343:
1776:
1626:
1583:
628:
606:
186:
144:
5563:
Biag ni Lam-ang Ilocano epic based on the Indian Hindu epics Ramayana and Mahabharta
5701:
5585:
5377:
4866:
4831:
4786:
4781:
4690:
4513:
4498:
4166:
3591:
3342:
3103:
2970:
2909:
2588:
2568:
2333:
2303:
2233:
2039:
1686:
1631:
970:
915:
857:
802:
757:
727:
688:
5691:
5671:
5661:
5606:
5562:
5536:
5441:
4173:
3912:
3184:
3079:
3067:
3001:
or Indian Hindu influence in Cebu as according to genetic studies, the people of
2263:
2224:
2023:
1636:
1541:
1148:
638:
571:
405:
317:
2961:(Malay Annals) of the nearby country of Malaysia, point to the similarly worded
2014:, and had several sons. One of his sons was Sri Alho, who ruled a land known as
5711:
5466:
5196:
4279:
4269:
4197:
3807:
3046:
2994:
2978:
2958:
2810:
2743:
2680:
2573:
2528:
2171:
2126:
2051:
1922:
1786:
1746:
1716:
1711:
1133:
935:
762:
658:
148:
3458:
By Antonio Pigafetta. MS. composed ca. 1525, of events of 1519–1522 (Page 138)
5736:
5686:
5676:
5631:
5553:
Alim and Hudhud of Ifugao based on Indian Hindu epics Ramayana and Mahabharta
5248:
5191:
5181:
5045:
4503:
4434:
4424:
4274:
4235:
3558:
2739:
2715:
2593:
2512:
2420:
2180:
2082:
2007:
1988:
1969:
1933:
1726:
1706:
1696:
1676:
1646:
1621:
1262:
1072:
482:
213:
1979:
5681:
5567:
4264:
4221:
3710:"Indian Penetration of Pre-Spanish Philippines: A New Look at the Evidence"
3682:
3652:. Translated by Catz, Rebecca D. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
3186:
Looking for the Prehispanic Filipino and Other Essays in Philippine History
2618:
2470:
2401:
2313:
2273:
2189:
2162:
2092:
2055:
2047:
2035:
2004:
2000:
1937:
1925:
1701:
673:
653:
472:
152:
5442:
Sampaguita Filipino national flower is named from Indian sanskrit Champaka
3444:
35:
5706:
5481:
5124:
5055:
4429:
4370:
3811:
3409:
2934:
2929:
2440:
2253:
2117:
2043:
2031:
1770:
1721:
894:
879:
225:
3805:
3695:
3499:
3368:
Retracing Our Roots: A Journey Into Cebu's Precolonial and Colonial Past
2923:
5656:
5243:
5185:
3097:
3010:
2998:
2897:
2697:
2578:
2323:
2153:
2144:
1965:
1941:
1641:
1153:
990:
668:
129:
2793:
was documented by historian Antonio Pigafetta, to be a warning in the
5651:
5152:
5147:
4397:
4390:
4230:
3870:
3050:
2928:
Sri Parang, the limp, also had a young son, Sri Tupas, also known as
2794:
2633:
2628:
2608:
1945:
1929:
1741:
1666:
1616:
1431:
807:
742:
410:
162:
133:
3398:"Searching for Kali in the Indigenous Chronicles of Jovito Abellana"
3275:
5 other places in Asia which are also called Singapura By Joshua Lee
3230:
SONG, MING, AND OTHER CHINESE SOURCES ON PHILIPPINES-CHINA RELATIONS
2862:
its chiefs are Cilaton, Ciguibucan, Cimaninga, Cimaticat, Cicanbul.
2797:
language, from a merchant to the rajah and was cited to have meant:
2747:
5577:
5568:
Ibalong epic of Bicol based on Indian epics Ramayana and Mahabharta
5542:
5411:
5403:
5276:
4659:
4637:
4632:
4439:
4321:
4216:
4180:
3876:
3864:
3140:
3108:
3042:
2990:
2917:
2841:) arrived at the Cebu Rajahnate and paid tribute to Rajah Humabon.
2838:
2815:
2767:
2543:
2283:
2243:
2135:
2063:
1671:
1651:
1578:
1546:
1484:
1128:
643:
618:
586:
566:
521:
457:
170:
166:
5474:
Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
5572:
4290:
3858:
3063:
2775:
2719:
2613:
2101:
2026:
in the southern region of Cebu. Sri Ukob ruled a polity known as
2011:
1509:
1414:
1375:
717:
678:
536:
174:
5096:
2831:
2766:
name "Cebú" originates. It was also during Humabon's reign that
5307:
5260:
4190:
3113:
3027:
3022:
2974:
2962:
2779:
2778:), including the island known as Opong or Opon (later known as
2771:
2702:
2019:
1751:
1519:
1514:
1494:
1443:
1426:
1409:
1389:
561:
556:
546:
5573:
Darangen epic of Maranao people based on Indian epics Ramayana
4186:
Kasumuran • Ganashakti • Bisruta • Namwaran • Angkatan • Bukah
1353:
5313:
3526:
Ferdinand Magellan's Voyage and its Legacy in the Philippines
3037:
3006:
2735:
2727:
2723:
1984:
1394:
648:
5558:
Hudhud - the Ifugao epic based on the Indian epic Mahabharta
3045:) in the social hierarchy. They were roughly similar to the
4032:
United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands
3846:
3032:
3002:
2954:
1918:
1910:
1499:
1404:
1399:
1384:
551:
194:
3618:
Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society
2774:, and was granted by Humabon the region of Mandawili (now
5548:
Filipino martial arts inspired by the Indian martial arts
2730:
products, leather, precious and semi-precious stones and
1996:
3753:"Should the Philippines be Renamed? Historian Weighs In"
5543:
Kudyapi guitar influenced by the Indian classical music
5143:
Indian cultural influences in early Philippine polities
2896:
It is notable how the Spanish mispronounced the Tamil "
2066:. The islands they were in were collectively known as
2030:
in the north, which included the present-day towns of
3581:
3579:
3470:
2924:
Reign of Rajah Tupas and the subsuming by the Spanish
2706:
Hamabar), who became the rajah of Cebu in his stead.
3009:
have as much as 10-20% of their genetics taken from
4648:Debatable, legend-based or disputed rulers are in
3645:
3620:. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
3576:
3370:. Minglanilla, Cebu: ES Villaver Pub. p. 15.
2944:
5422:Influence of Indian languages on Tagalog language
5097:India-related topics in Philippines articles
2920:, it ended with the death of Ferdinand Magellan.
5734:
3545:Asia Mindanaw: Dialogue of Peace and Development
3391:
3389:
3387:
3161:Valeros, Maria Eleanor E. (September 13, 2009).
3078:There have been proposals to rename the current
2683:tactics to repel invaders gave rise to the name
1932:or Rajamuda Lumaya, a minor prince of the Tamil
5494:Business process outsourcing in the Philippines
5437:Sanskrit language loanwords in Cebuano language
5427:Sanskrit language loanwords in Tagalog language
4108:Category:Former countries in Philippine history
3559:"A Historical Perspective on the Word 'Keling'"
3240:
3238:
3126:List of India-related topics in the Philippines
2750:district of Cebu) became known colloquially as
2726:utensils were usually traded for native goods.
1921:in the Philippines prior to the arrival of the
5657:Parul Shah (Binibining Pilipinas Tourism 2014)
5417:Indian loanwords in various Filipino languages
2746:traders. The harbors of Sugbu (the modern-day
2054:. He died in battle, fighting with the Muslim
1974:
5647:Janina San Miguel (Binibining Pilipinas 2008)
5115:History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia
5082:
4675:
4132:
3791:
3735:"Change in Name Will be Good for Philippines"
3384:
2832:Diplomacy with other Southeast Asian Kingdoms
2660:
1983:A picture of a Bronze Image of the Hindu God
1875:
1314:
5523:Pre-Spanish Indian traditions of Philippines
5432:Tamil language loanwords in Tagalog language
4044:Insular Government of the Philippine Islands
3586:Nakpil, Carmen Guerrero (October 29, 2003).
3235:
3178:
3176:
3100:– the ancient capital of the polity of Cebu.
5287:had Indianized Hindu and Buddhist influence
3997:Revolutionary Government of the Philippines
3488:Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society
3216:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3057:
5722:Dr. Josephine Acosta Pasricha (Indologist)
5089:
5075:
4682:
4668:
4139:
4125:
3798:
3784:
3677:(Thesis). University of San Carlos, Cebu.
3606:
3284:
3282:
2667:
2653:
1882:
1868:
1321:
1307:
114:
5533:National Assembly of the Philippines Hall
5383:Visa requirements for Philippine citizens
3991:Dictatorial Government of the Philippines
3707:
3588:"Carmen Nakpil: Manila Under the Muslims"
3551:
3485:
3347:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t017371
3173:
2709:
773:Igorot resistance to Spanish colonization
5643:Dang Cecilio (Binibining Pilipinas 1979)
5627:Foreign citizens residing in Philippines
3395:
3365:
3258:
3256:
3244:
3203:
3136:History of the Philippines (Before 1521)
2824:(great, hence Kotaraya (capital city)),
2754:("the place for trading"), shortened to
2018:which included the present-day towns of
1978:
5528:Filipino pre-colonial styles and titles
5339:Nanak Darbar Indian Sikh Temple, Iloilo
4147:Pre-colonial Philippine royalty of the
3522:
3288:
3279:
3160:
2844:
2062:(literally "destroyers of peace") from
1346:Pre-colonial history of the Philippines
512:Historically documented states/polities
14:
5748:Former countries in Philippine history
5735:
3672:
3585:
3542:
2690:
5652:Venus Raj (Binibining Pilipinas 2010)
5489:Business process outsourcing to India
5371:Visa requirements for Indian citizens
5261:Cainta historic settlement of Indians
5070:
4663:
4120:
3779:
3640:
3634:
3612:
3253:
3182:
2074:(literally " which belong to Daya").
5580:(fingernail dance of Sulu and Sabah)
5469:from Haryana imported to Philippine
5285:Religion in pre-colonial Philippines
5256:Indian settlement in the Philippines
4689:
3332:
3073:
2997:. There is also genetic evidence of
2762:("to trade"), from which the modern
1962:Religion in pre-colonial Philippines
304:Captaincy General of the Philippines
29:
27:Historical polity in the Philippines
3289:Quirino, Karl (September 1, 2010).
3189:. Quezon City: New Day Publishers.
3016:
2973:and would later become the city of
2941:in the battle of Cebu during 1565.
2903:
2805:In reality, this phrase is that of
24:
5743:Former countries in Southeast Asia
5717:Dr. Juan R. Francisco (Indologist)
5412:Indianized ancient Filipino script
4092:
1352:
372:
25:
5774:
1793:The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898
713:Voyage of Miguel López de Legazpi
426:Lal-lo and Gattaran Shell Middens
5622:Ethnic groups in the Philippines
5050:
5041:
5040:
3973:Tejeros Revolutionary Government
3456:"PRIMO VIAGGIO INTORNO AL MONDO"
2900:" (சிங்கப்பூர்) as "Cingapola".
1290:
322:
308:
34:
5329:Deities of Philippine mythology
5120:Tabon Caves Garuda Gold Pendant
4050:Commonwealth of the Philippines
3745:
3727:
3701:
3689:
3666:
3536:
3516:
3506:
3479:
3461:
3449:
3445:Notes from Mactan By Jim Foster
3438:
3429:
3416:
3396:Macachor, Celestino C. (2011).
3359:
3326:
2945:Relations with other rajahnates
1995:According to Visayan folklore,
53:Bisaya Patronymesis Sri Visjaya
5662:Ramon Bagatsing (Manila mayor)
5617:Indian surnames in Philippines
5612:List of Filipino-Indian people
5130:Laguna Copperplate Inscription
5008:British Indian Ocean Territory
3708:Churchill, Malcolm H. (1977).
3602:– via www.newsflash.org.
3301:
3268:
3247:Aginid, Bayok sa Atong Tawarik
3223:
3154:
2937:by the forces of conquistador
1782:Laguna Copperplate Inscription
1119:2000 campaign against the MILF
624:Laguna Copperplate Inscription
478:Maitum anthropomorphic pottery
57:Aginid, Bayok sa Atong Tawarik
13:
1:
3845:before 971–after 1339:
3426:using Italianate orthography.
3366:Montebon, Marivir R. (2000).
3295:The Bulwagan Foundation Trust
3232:By Carmelea Ang See. Page 74.
3183:Scott, William Henry (1992).
2206:
2107:
1764:Primary sources and artifacts
783:Battles of La Naval de Manila
254:
106:
4207:Lakans, Datus and Rajahs of
4009:Federal State of the Visayas
3875:c. 13th century–1569:
3869:c. 13th century–1457:
3035:, and slaves) but below the
2969:, which was a colony of the
2916:hired by Spanish empire and
1438:Commoners, serfs, and slaves
634:Limestone tombs of Kamhantik
7:
5712:José W. Diokno (politician)
5539:behind the president's seat
5361:India–Philippines relations
5319:Hinduism in the Philippines
5296:Buddhism in the Philippines
5168:Maynila (historical entity)
3985:Central Executive Committee
3941:Confederate States of Lanao
3806:Historical and present-day
3648:The Travels of Mendes Pinto
3341:, Oxford University Press,
3131:Hinduism in the Philippines
3085:
2639:Legendary early Chola kings
1975:Foundation of the rajahnate
1958:Hinduism in the Philippines
1124:2nd People Power Revolution
1114:1997 Asian financial crisis
848:Declaration of Independence
132:(Modern Mabolo district in
47:to comply with Knowledge's
10:
5779:
5702:Sharmaine Arnaiz (actress)
5692:Melanie Marquez (director)
5366:Tourism in the Philippines
5334:Philippine folk literature
5303:Hinduism in Southeast Asia
5291:Buddhism in Southeast Asia
4056:Second Philippine Republic
3021:Below the rulers were the
2599:Great Living Chola Temples
2584:Chola art and architecture
1955:
1951:
1917:(polity) on the island of
1857:History of the Philippines
853:American capture of Manila
5672:Cassandra Ponti (actress)
5667:Raymond Bagatsing (actor)
5598:
5578:Pangalay or Daling Daling
5518:
5511:
5478:Philippine Carabao Center
5457:
5450:
5402:
5356:
5349:
5275:
5239:
5232:
5102:
5036:
4995:
4955:
4697:
4646:
4595:
4522:
4477:
4451:
4380:
4319:
4288:
4249:
4206:
4159:
4104:
4090:
4015:First Philippine Republic
3833:c. 1000 BC–200 AD:
3818:
3245:Abellana, Jovito (1952).
2984:
733:Spanish capture of Manila
338:
283:
275:
271:
261:
248:
244:
236:
232:
219:
207:
203:
193:
158:
140:
125:
113:
105:
93:
5537:ancient Hindu saint Manu
5217:Tondo (Historical State)
5202:Sultanate of Maguindanao
4757:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3979:Republic of Biak-na-Bato
3967:Sovereign Tagalog Nation
3907:Sultanate of Maguindanao
3863:before 1225–1576:
3673:Kuizon, Jose G. (1962).
3590:. Malaya. Archived from
3147:
3058:Hindu-Buddhist artifacts
1193:Administrative divisions
908:American colonial period
828:Republic of Biak-na-Bato
664:Butuan Silver Paleograph
649:Batanes Ijang fortresses
592:Sultanate of Maguindanao
463:Cordillera Rice Terraces
72:may contain suggestions.
45:may need to be rewritten
43:This article or section
5687:Gardo Versoza (actress)
5677:Chanda Romero (actress)
5462:Maritime Southeast Asia
5224:Battle of Manila (1762)
5110:Maritime Southeast Asia
5018:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3851:before 989–1521:
3839:before 900–1589:
3291:"The Rajahnate of Cebu"
2939:Miguel López de Legazpi
2868:its chief is Aponoaan.
1088:People Power Revolution
868:Philippine–American War
702:Spanish colonial period
18:Cebu (historical state)
5682:Dawn Zulueta (actress)
4098:
3523:Jackson, Emma (2020).
3092:Related to Cebu polity
3066:, in ancient sites in
2894:
2803:
2710:Reign of Rajah Humabon
2685:Kang Sri Lumayng Sugbu
2624:Gangaikonda Cholapuram
2294:Parantaka II (Sundara)
1992:
1682:Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram
1357:
1297:Philippines portal
1273:Science and technology
890:UST Baybayin Documents
838:Treaty of Paris (1898)
416:Austronesian expansion
401:Early hominin activity
377:
263:• Disestablished
5753:Precolonial barangays
5707:Zia Marquez (actress)
4583:Bantilan Muizz ud-Din
4096:
4021:Republic of Zamboanga
3513:relatives of Humabon.
2886:its chief is Cilumai.
2851:
2799:
2544:Rajahnate of Sanmalan
2010:, who settled in the
1982:
1936:. He was sent by the
1812:Cultural achievements
1692:Sultan Muwallil Wasit
1607:Azim ud-Din I of Sulu
1356:
1218:Cultural achievements
1042:Filipino First policy
1032:Mutual Defense Treaty
986:Philippine resistance
818:Philippine Revolution
778:Spanish–Moro conflict
768:Revolts and uprisings
654:Golden Tara of Agusan
376:
141:Common languages
5324:Philippine mythology
5158:Kedatuan of Madja-as
4932:United Arab Emirates
4548:Muizz ul-Mutawadi-in
4381:Datus and Rajahs of
4077:1986–present:
3917:unknown–1571:
3911:unknown–1593:
3901:Rajahnate of Maynila
3899:c. 1500–1571:
3887:c. 1400–1565:
3881:c. 1350–1905:
3642:Pinto, Fernão Mendes
3614:Scott, William Henry
2967:Rajahnate of Maynila
2880:its chief is Japau.
2874:its chief is Teten.
2845:Dependencies of Cebu
2304:Aditya II (Karikala)
1376:Maginoo, Ginu, Tumao
1278:World Heritage Sites
1144:Territorial disputes
1047:North Borneo dispute
1037:Hukbalahap Rebellion
1001:Philippines campaign
996:Battle of Leyte Gulf
976:Battle of Corregidor
951:Tydings–McDuffie Act
843:Battle of Manila Bay
833:Spanish–American War
441:Precolonial barangay
5207:Sultanate of Buayan
5141:in Philippines and
4959:limited recognition
4558:Batarah Shah Tengah
4492:Maka-alang Saripada
4153:early modern period
3930:Spanish East Indies
3913:Kedatuan of Dapitan
3883:Sultanate of Buayan
3853:Rajahnate of Butuan
3408:(2). Archived from
2752:sinibuayang hingpit
2738:) mostly came from
2691:Reign of Sri Bantug
1612:Batarah Shah Tengah
1139:Philippine drug war
1101:Contemporary period
1068:Communist rebellion
966:Japanese occupation
931:Military Government
885:Doctrina Christiana
793:Propaganda Movement
748:Spanish East Indies
738:Battle of Bangkusay
684:Magellan expedition
602:Sultanates of Lanao
597:Sultanate of Buayan
250:• Established
5535:has the statue of
5388:Filipinos in India
5173:Kingdom of Namayan
5139:Indianized kingdom
4241:Agustin de Legazpi
4099:
4062:1945–present
4003:Republic of Negros
3824:
2914:Ferdinand Magellan
2784:Ferdinand Magellan
2085:Kings and Emperors
1993:
1602:Agustin de Legazpi
1473:Political entities
1358:
941:Insular Government
926:Zamboanga Republic
823:Tejeros Convention
813:Cry of Pugad Lawin
798:1872 Cavite mutiny
506:Precolonial period
446:Maritime Silk Road
421:Angono Petroglyphs
393:Prehistoric period
378:
5730:
5729:
5594:
5593:
5507:
5506:
5398:
5397:
5271:
5270:
5212:Sultanate of Sulu
5178:Rajahnate of Cebu
5163:Kingdom of Butuan
5064:
5063:
5001:other territories
4691:Hinduism in Asia
4657:
4656:
4554:Muhammad ul-Halim
4149:Postclassical Era
4114:
4113:
4087:
4086:
4071:1981–1986:
4065:1946–1981:
4054:1943–1945:
4048:1935–1946:
4042:1902–1935:
4036:1902–1906:
4030:1898–1902:
4019:1899–1903:
4013:1899–1901:
4007:1898–1899:
4001:1898–1901:
3995:1898–1899:
3989:1898–1898:
3983:1898–1898:
3977:1897–1897:
3971:1897–1897:
3965:1896–1897:
3950:1762–1764:
3939:1616–1904:
3928:1565–1898:
3905:1515–1899:
3895:Sultanate of Sulu
3893:1457–1915:
3889:Rajahnate of Cebu
3857:1175–1571:
3627:978-971-550-135-4
3339:Oxford Art Online
3333:Marr, J. (2003),
3196:978-971-10-0524-5
3074:Modern name usage
2891:Antonio Pigafetta
2677:
2676:
2604:Solesvara Temples
2564:Ganges Expedition
2549:
2548:
2537:Rajahnate of Cebu
2505:Related dynasties
2489:
2488:
2392:
2391:
2197:
2196:
2068:Pulua Kang Dayang
1999:Lumay was a half-
1896:Rajahnate of Cebu
1892:
1891:
1777:Butuan Ivory Seal
1627:Dayang Kalangitan
1449:Alipin sa gigilid
1331:
1330:
1178:Ancient religions
1159:COVID-19 pandemic
1014:Post-independence
753:Captaincy General
629:Butuan Ivory Seal
607:Sultanate of Sulu
488:Prehistoric beads
346:
345:
334:
333:
330:
329:
221:• 1521–1565
187:Roman Catholicism
95:Rajahnate of Cebu
87:
86:
49:quality standards
16:(Redirected from
5770:
5516:
5515:
5499:Indian Companies
5455:
5454:
5378:Tourism in India
5354:
5353:
5237:
5236:
5091:
5084:
5077:
5068:
5067:
5054:
5044:
5043:
5013:Christmas Island
4699:Sovereign states
4684:
4677:
4670:
4661:
4660:
4563:Muwallil Wasit I
4533:Sharif ul-Hāshim
4499:Dimasangcay Adel
4160:Royalty of Luzon
4141:
4134:
4127:
4118:
4117:
4038:Tagalog Republic
3830:Pre-16th century
3821:
3820:
3800:
3793:
3786:
3777:
3776:
3761:
3760:
3759:. June 13, 2017.
3749:
3743:
3742:
3741:. July 15, 2016.
3731:
3725:
3724:
3714:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3686:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3651:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3594:on March 4, 2009
3583:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3520:
3514:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3468:
3465:
3459:
3453:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3427:
3422:Approximated as
3420:
3414:
3413:
3412:on July 3, 2012.
3393:
3382:
3381:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3315:, March 23, 2021
3305:
3299:
3298:
3286:
3277:
3272:
3266:
3260:
3251:
3250:
3242:
3233:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3201:
3200:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3158:
3104:Battle of Mactan
3017:Social Hierarchy
2971:Brunei Sultanate
2910:Battle of Mactan
2904:Battle of Mactan
2892:
2809:, an indigenous
2669:
2662:
2655:
2589:Chola literature
2569:Chola government
2509:
2508:
2407:
2406:
2230:
2229:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2112:
2109:
2098:
2097:
2079:
2078:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1859:
1834:Paramount rulers
1737:Sharif ul-Hāshim
1687:Muhammad Kudarat
1632:Dimasangcay Adel
1379:
1333:
1332:
1323:
1316:
1309:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1027:Treaty of Manila
971:Battle of Bataan
916:Tagalog Republic
858:Malolos Congress
803:La Liga Filipina
788:British invasion
758:Tondo Conspiracy
728:Blockade of Cebu
689:Battle of Mactan
613:Events/Artifacts
516:(north to south)
452:Events/Artifacts
436:Sa Huỳnh culture
366:
348:
347:
326:
325:
312:
311:
300:
299:
285:
284:
256:
118:
108:
91:
90:
82:
79:
73:
38:
30:
21:
5778:
5777:
5773:
5772:
5771:
5769:
5768:
5767:
5758:History of Cebu
5733:
5732:
5731:
5726:
5607:Indian Filipino
5590:
5503:
5446:
5394:
5345:
5267:
5228:
5098:
5095:
5065:
5060:
5032:
5000:
4991:
4972:Northern Cyprus
4958:
4951:
4693:
4688:
4658:
4653:
4642:
4611:Malang-sa-Inged
4591:
4568:Nasir ud-Din II
4518:
4473:
4447:
4376:
4315:
4284:
4245:
4202:
4155:
4145:
4115:
4110:
4100:
4088:
4083:
4073:Fourth Republic
4027:1900–1945
3956:
3814:
3804:
3765:
3764:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3712:
3706:
3702:
3694:
3690:
3671:
3667:
3660:
3639:
3635:
3628:
3611:
3607:
3597:
3595:
3584:
3577:
3567:
3565:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3541:
3537:
3529:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3507:
3484:
3480:
3475:
3471:
3466:
3462:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3439:
3434:
3430:
3424:Cata Raya Chita
3421:
3417:
3394:
3385:
3378:
3364:
3360:
3351:
3349:
3331:
3327:
3318:
3316:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3269:
3261:
3254:
3243:
3236:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3204:
3197:
3181:
3174:
3159:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3088:
3080:Central Visayas
3076:
3068:Puerto Princesa
3060:
3019:
2987:
2947:
2926:
2906:
2893:
2890:
2847:
2834:
2712:
2701:, which is now
2693:
2673:
2644:
2643:
2559:
2551:
2550:
2506:
2491:
2490:
2404:
2394:
2393:
2264:Rajaditya Chola
2227:
2225:Medieval Cholas
2213:
2209:
2199:
2198:
2110:
2095:
1977:
1972:
1954:
1902:also called as
1888:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1807:
1799:
1798:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1475:
1465:
1464:
1373:
1368:
1327:
1291:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1223:Diet and health
1172:
1164:
1163:
1149:Siege of Marawi
1104:
1093:
1092:
1083:Fourth Republic
1063:
1052:
1051:
1017:
1006:
1005:
981:Second Republic
921:Negros Republic
911:
900:
899:
705:
694:
693:
639:Kabayan Mummies
509:
498:
497:
406:Homo luzonensis
396:
365:the Philippines
364:
357:
323:
318:Cebu (province)
309:
264:
251:
222:
210:
185:
121:
101:
96:
83:
77:
74:
64:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5776:
5766:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5641:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5629:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5602:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5530:
5519:
5513:
5509:
5508:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5485:
5484:
5467:Murrah buffalo
5464:
5458:
5452:
5448:
5447:
5445:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5408:
5406:
5400:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5385:
5375:
5374:
5373:
5363:
5357:
5351:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5300:
5299:
5298:
5288:
5281:
5279:
5273:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5264:
5263:
5253:
5252:
5251:
5240:
5234:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5197:Rajah Sulayman
5194:
5189:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5112:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5099:
5094:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5071:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5048:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5004:
5002:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4963:
4961:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4703:
4701:
4695:
4694:
4687:
4686:
4679:
4672:
4664:
4655:
4654:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4600:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4587:Azim ud-Din II
4584:
4581:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4552:
4551:Nasir ud-Din I
4549:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4535:
4529:
4527:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4484:
4482:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4458:
4456:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4395:
4387:
4385:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4326:
4324:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4308:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4280:Rajah Sulayman
4277:
4275:Ache "Matanda"
4272:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4219:
4213:
4211:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4198:Tarik Sulayman
4195:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4171:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4144:
4143:
4136:
4129:
4121:
4112:
4111:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4079:Fifth Republic
4075:
4069:
4067:Third Republic
4063:
4059:
4058:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4034:
4028:
4024:
4023:
4017:
4011:
4005:
3999:
3993:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3969:
3963:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3952:British Manila
3948:
3944:
3943:
3937:
3933:
3932:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3827:
3825:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3803:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3780:
3772:
3771:
3763:
3762:
3744:
3726:
3700:
3688:
3665:
3658:
3633:
3626:
3605:
3575:
3563:Sejarah Melayu
3550:
3535:
3515:
3505:
3494:(3): 253–311.
3478:
3469:
3460:
3448:
3437:
3428:
3415:
3383:
3376:
3358:
3325:
3300:
3278:
3267:
3252:
3234:
3222:
3202:
3195:
3172:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3075:
3072:
3059:
3056:
3018:
3015:
2986:
2983:
2979:Rajah Sulayman
2959:Sejarah Melayu
2946:
2943:
2925:
2922:
2905:
2902:
2888:
2846:
2843:
2833:
2830:
2807:Kota Raya kita
2791:Kota Raya Kita
2711:
2708:
2692:
2689:
2681:scorched earth
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2574:Chola military
2571:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2529:Nidugal Cholas
2525:
2524:
2517:
2516:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2461:Kulothunga III
2457:
2456:
2453:
2451:Rajadhiraja II
2447:
2446:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2228:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:Kopperuncholan
2168:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:Ilamchetchenni
2123:
2122:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2111: 161 BCE
2104:
2096:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2086:
1976:
1973:
1953:
1950:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1819:
1817:Historiography
1814:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1787:Monreal Stones
1784:
1779:
1774:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1747:Tarik Sulayman
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1717:Rajah Sulayman
1714:
1712:Rajah Salalila
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1637:Dayang Sasaban
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1369:
1366:Social classes
1364:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1349:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:Historiography
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1208:Communications
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1188:Queen consorts
1185:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1134:Oakwood mutiny
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1109:Fifth Republic
1105:
1103:(1986–present)
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1022:Third Republic
1018:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
936:Moro Rebellion
933:
928:
923:
918:
912:
906:
905:
902:
901:
898:
897:
892:
887:
882:
871:
870:
865:
863:First Republic
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
763:Manila galleon
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
723:Treaty of Cebu
720:
715:
706:
700:
699:
696:
695:
692:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
659:Monreal Stones
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
610:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
510:
504:
503:
500:
499:
496:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
449:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
397:
391:
390:
387:
386:
380:
379:
369:
368:
359:
358:
351:
344:
343:
340:
336:
335:
332:
331:
328:
327:
320:
314:
313:
306:
297:
294:
293:
288:
281:
280:
277:
273:
272:
269:
268:
265:
262:
259:
258:
252:
249:
246:
245:
242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
230:
229:
223:
220:
217:
216:
211:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:
197:
191:
190:
160:
156:
155:
142:
138:
137:
127:
123:
122:
119:
111:
110:
103:
102:
97:
94:
85:
84:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5775:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5633:
5632:Indian people
5630:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5604:
5601:
5597:
5587:
5584:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5517:
5514:
5510:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5483:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5456:
5453:
5449:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5401:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5376:
5372:
5369:
5368:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5355:
5352:
5348:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5301:
5297:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5274:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5254:
5250:
5249:Greater India
5247:
5246:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5231:
5225:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5192:Rajah Matanda
5190:
5187:
5183:
5182:Rajah Humabon
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5101:
5092:
5087:
5085:
5080:
5078:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5047:
5039:
5038:
5035:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5005:
5003:
4998:
4994:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4982:South Ossetia
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4954:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4685:
4680:
4678:
4673:
4671:
4666:
4665:
4662:
4651:
4645:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4599:
4594:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4579:Azim ud-Din I
4577:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4545:Amir ul-Umara
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4521:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4504:Gugu Sarikula
4502:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4481:
4476:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4450:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4379:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4320:Datus of the
4318:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4248:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4236:Magat Salamat
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4130:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4109:
4103:
4095:
4080:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4010:
4006:
4004:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3980:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3968:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3931:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3914:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3902:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3872:
3868:
3866:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3813:
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2214: 848 CE
2205:Interregnum (
2203:
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2181:Kochchenganan
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2017:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1971:
1970:Indianisation
1967:
1963:
1959:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1938:Chola emperor
1935:
1934:Chola dynasty
1931:
1927:
1926:conquistadors
1924:
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1728:
1727:Regimo Diraja
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1707:Rajah Matanda
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1697:Rajah Humabon
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1677:Magat Salamat
1675:
1673:
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1647:Gugu Sarikula
1645:
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1628:
1625:
1623:
1622:Datu Sikatuna
1620:
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1542:Bo-ol/Dapitan
1540:
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1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:Ruling class
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1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Moro conflict
1071:
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523:
520:
519:
518:
517:
513:
507:
502:
501:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
483:Manunggul Jar
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
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464:
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456:
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453:
447:
444:
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350:
349:
341:
339:Today part of
337:
321:
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316:
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307:
305:
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301:
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296:
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289:
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278:
274:
270:
266:
260:
253:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
224:
218:
215:
214:Rajah Humabon
212:
206:
202:
198:
196:
192:
188:
183:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
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150:
146:
143:
139:
135:
131:
128:
124:
117:
112:
104:
100:
92:
89:
81:
78:November 2021
71:
67:
62:
58:
54:
51:, as it uses
50:
46:
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
5763:Hindu states
4997:Dependencies
4927:Turkmenistan
4892:Saudi Arabia
4649:
4572:Salah ud-Din
4567:
4538:Kamal ud-Din
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4398:
4391:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4310:
4259:
4191:
4174:
4167:
3962:19th century
3947:18th century
3936:17th century
3925:16th century
3888:
3835:Jade culture
3773:
3757:ABS-CBN News
3756:
3747:
3739:Inquirer.net
3738:
3729:
3720:
3716:
3703:
3691:
3674:
3668:
3647:
3636:
3617:
3608:
3596:. Retrieved
3592:the original
3566:. Retrieved
3562:
3553:
3544:
3538:
3525:
3518:
3508:
3491:
3487:
3481:
3472:
3463:
3451:
3440:
3431:
3423:
3418:
3410:the original
3405:
3401:
3367:
3361:
3350:, retrieved
3338:
3328:
3317:, retrieved
3312:
3309:"Singhapala"
3303:
3294:
3270:
3246:
3225:
3185:
3167:Philstar.com
3166:
3163:"The Aginid"
3156:
3077:
3061:
3049:
3036:
3031:(commoners,
3026:
3020:
2988:
2948:
2927:
2907:
2895:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2835:
2825:
2821:
2814:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2731:
2713:
2696:
2694:
2684:
2678:
2619:Melakadambur
2531:of Karnataka
2496:
2481:Rajendra III
2471:Rajaraja III
2411:Kulothunga I
2402:Later Cholas
2384:Athirajendra
2374:Virarajendra
2364:Rajamahendra
2274:Gandaraditya
2204:
2190:Perunarkilli
2163:Killivalavan
2093:Early Cholas
2076:
2071:
2067:
2059:
2056:Moro pirates
2027:
2015:
1994:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1791:
1769:
1702:Rajah Lontok
1657:Kamal ud-Din
1536:
1421:Middle class
961:World War II
956:Commonwealth
873:
872:
707:
674:Barter rings
612:
611:
515:
514:
511:
473:Kalanay Cave
451:
450:
431:Jade culture
291:Succeeded by
290:
209:• 1521
189:(since 1521)
178:
153:Middle Tamil
98:
88:
75:
66:You can help
60:
56:
52:
44:
5697:Pepe Diokno
5482:Nueva Ecija
5125:Golden Tara
5056:Asia portal
4957:States with
4877:Philippines
4817:South Korea
4812:North Korea
4707:Afghanistan
4596:Sultans of
4523:Sultans of
4488:Kabungsuwan
4480:Maguindanao
4478:Sultans of
3812:Philippines
3598:December 5,
3013:admixture.
3011:South Asian
2999:South Asian
2935:Rajah Tupas
2930:Rajah Tupas
2789:The phrase
2521:Chodagangas
2441:Rajaraja II
2354:Rajendra II
2344:Rajadhiraja
2254:Parantaka I
2118:Kulakkottan
2032:Consolacion
1771:Boxer Codex
1732:Kabungsuwan
1722:Rajah Tupas
1662:Laut Buisan
1596:Key figures
1574:Maguindanao
1203:Archaeology
1198:Agriculture
1078:Martial law
1062:(1965–1986)
1016:(1946–1965)
910:(1898–1946)
895:Velarde map
880:Boxer Codex
704:(1565–1898)
493:Shell tools
468:Grave goods
363:History of
342:Philippines
267:4 June 1565
226:Rajah Tupas
145:Old Cebuano
5737:Categories
5244:Indosphere
5186:Singhapala
4937:Uzbekistan
4912:Tajikistan
4827:Kyrgyzstan
4807:Kazakhstan
4727:Bangladesh
4717:Azerbaijan
4542:Ala ud-Din
4464:Bata Shaja
4452:Rajahs of
4345:Balengkaka
4289:Lakans of
4250:Rajahs of
4226:Kalangitan
4106:See also:
3098:Singhapala
2898:Singhapala
2860:Cingapola:
2818:(fortress)
2698:Singhapala
2579:Chola Navy
2523:of Kalinga
2334:Rajendra I
2324:Rajaraja I
2234:Vijayalaya
2212: – c.
2210: 200
2154:Nalankilli
2145:Nedunkilli
2040:Compostela
2008:Chola king
1989:Indianized
1966:Indosphere
1956:See also:
1942:Singhapala
1908:Indianized
1854:See also:
1642:Gat Pangil
1154:Bangsamoro
1060:Marcos era
991:Hukbalahap
669:Piloncitos
508:(900–1565)
182:Polytheism
130:Singhapala
5233:Geography
5153:Majapahit
5148:Srivijaya
5023:Hong Kong
4977:Palestine
4902:Sri Lanka
4897:Singapore
4777:Indonesia
4620:Baratamay
4440:Lapu-Lapu
4399:Sri Lumay
4371:Paiburong
4355:Padojinog
4307:Kalamayin
4231:Lakandula
3871:Lupah Sug
3644:(1989) .
3568:April 24,
3313:Knowledge
3265:Page 280.
3051:Maharlika
2826:kita (we)
2795:Old Malay
2764:Castilian
2634:Tiruvarur
2629:Thanjavur
2609:Poompuhar
2515:of Andhra
2485:1246–1279
2475:1216–1256
2465:1178–1218
2455:1166–1178
2445:1146–1173
2435:1133–1150
2425:1118–1135
2415:1070–1120
2388:1067–1070
2378:1063–1070
2368:1060–1063
2358:1051–1063
2348:1018–1054
2338:1012–1044
2106:205 BCE–
2058:known as
2024:Santander
2003:and half-
1946:Singapore
1930:Sri Lumay
1913:monarchy
1906:, was an
1742:Sri Lumay
1667:Lakandula
1617:Datu Daya
1446:namamahay
1432:Maharlika
1385:Apo, Datu
1248:Languages
1238:Geography
1228:Education
1213:Conflicts
946:Jones Law
874:Artifacts
808:Katipunan
743:New Spain
411:Tabon Man
395:(pre-900)
163:Syncretic
159:Religion
149:Old Malay
134:Cebu City
109:1400–1565
70:talk page
5404:Language
5350:Politics
5277:Religion
5046:Category
4967:Abkhazia
4917:Thailand
4872:Pakistan
4852:Mongolia
4847:Maldives
4842:Malaysia
4742:Cambodia
4614:Silongan
4575:Ali Shah
4495:Bangkaya
4360:Kabnayag
4350:Manduyog
4340:Bangkaya
4335:Sumakwel
4322:Madja-as
4270:Salalila
4217:Jayadewa
4181:Jayadewa
4151:and the
3877:Madja-as
3865:Caboloan
3723:: 21–45.
3616:(1994).
3500:29792596
3141:Pintados
3109:Lapulapu
3086:See also
3043:nobility
2991:Sanskrit
2918:Lapulapu
2889:—
2884:Lubucin:
2878:Lalutan:
2866:Mandani:
2839:Thailand
2768:Lapulapu
2328:985–1014
2284:Arinjaya
2244:Aditya I
2238:848–871?
2136:Karikala
2072:Kangdaya
2064:Mindanao
2052:Bantayan
1839:Religion
1827:consorts
1822:Monarchs
1806:By topic
1672:Lapulapu
1652:Jayadewa
1579:Sanmalan
1553:Mindanao
1547:Madja-as
1485:Caboloan
1455:Bulislis
1400:Panglima
1338:a series
1336:Part of
1268:Politics
1258:Military
1253:Medicine
1171:By topic
1129:EDSA III
644:Baybayin
619:Maragtas
587:Sanmalan
567:Madja-as
522:Caboloan
458:Balangay
384:Timeline
354:a series
352:Part of
276:Currency
179:see also
171:Buddhism
167:Hinduism
165:form of
5603:People
5586:Cuisine
5512:Culture
5451:Economy
5310:(Asura)
5103:History
4942:Vietnam
4857:Myanmar
4837:Lebanon
4767:Georgia
4722:Bahrain
4712:Armenia
4650:italics
4514:Kudarat
4470:Kolambu
4425:Humabon
4291:Namayan
4252:Maynila
4175:Lam-ang
4168:Magayon
3859:Namayan
3810:in the
3683:3061923
3335:"Chola"
3064:Ganesha
3054:class.
3047:Tagalog
3041:(royal
2975:Maynila
2776:Mandaue
2732:śarkarā
2720:perfume
2714:During
2614:Uraiyur
2497:Related
2421:Vikrama
2318:971–987
2308:966–971
2298:950–980
2288:955–956
2278:949–962
2268:935–949
2258:907–955
2248:871–907
2102:Ellalan
2060:magalos
2028:Nahalin
2012:Visayas
1952:History
1923:Spanish
1915:Mandala
1844:Warfare
1531:Visayas
1510:Namayan
1505:Maynila
1458:Horohan
1452:Bulisik
1444:Aliping
1415:Thimuay
1233:Economy
718:Sandugo
679:Luzones
572:Dapitan
542:Maynila
537:Namayan
237:History
175:Animism
126:Capital
5599:People
5314:Diwata
5308:Aswang
4987:Taiwan
4922:Turkey
4887:Russia
4822:Kuwait
4802:Jordan
4792:Israel
4752:Cyprus
4737:Brunei
4732:Bhutan
4626:Bangon
4623:Maitum
4617:Monkay
4608:Budtul
4598:Buayan
4509:Buisan
4461:Kiling
4454:Butuan
4435:Katuna
4420:Parang
4415:Bantug
4311:Martin
4301:Palaba
4298:Tagkan
4265:Lontok
4222:Lontok
4192:Urduja
3919:Cainta
3808:states
3681:
3656:
3624:
3498:
3374:
3193:
3114:Timawa
3028:uripon
3023:Timawa
2985:Legacy
2963:Keling
2951:Butuan
2872:Lalan:
2780:Mactan
2772:Borneo
2748:Parián
2703:Mabolo
2314:Uttama
2048:Carmen
2036:Liloan
2020:Carcar
1968:, and
1752:Urduja
1564:Butuan
1559:Buayan
1520:Sandao
1515:Pulilu
1495:Ibalon
1490:Cainta
1461:Uripon
1427:Timawa
1410:Sultan
1390:Bagani
1340:on the
1183:Rulers
708:Events
582:Butuan
562:Sandao
557:Pulilu
547:Ibalon
527:Cainta
356:on the
279:Barter
240:
228:(last)
199:
68:. The
59:, and
5472:from
5188:city)
5028:Macau
4947:Yemen
4907:Syria
4882:Qatar
4862:Nepal
4797:Japan
4772:India
4762:Egypt
4747:China
4629:Bayao
4467:Siagu
4430:Tupas
4365:Lubay
4304:Laboy
4260:Ahmad
4209:Tondo
3841:Tondo
3713:(PDF)
3530:(PDF)
3496:JSTOR
3148:Notes
3038:tumao
3033:serfs
3007:Bohol
2995:Tamil
2811:Malay
2744:Burma
2740:India
2736:sugar
2728:Ivory
2724:glass
2083:Chola
2044:Danao
2016:Sialo
2005:Malay
2001:Tamil
1985:Shiva
1904:Sugbu
1569:Lanao
1525:Tondo
1479:Luzon
1405:Rajah
1395:Lakan
1263:Names
532:Tondo
195:Rajah
99:Sugbu
4867:Oman
4832:Laos
4787:Iraq
4782:Iran
4633:Utto
4605:Mamu
4525:Sulu
4444:Zula
4410:Ukob
4405:Alho
4392:Daya
4383:Cebu
4330:Puti
3847:Ma-i
3679:OCLC
3654:ISBN
3622:ISBN
3600:2008
3570:2017
3547:: 2.
3372:ISBN
3354:2021
3321:2021
3191:ISBN
3005:and
3003:Cebu
2993:and
2955:Cebu
2908:The
2822:Raya
2816:Kota
2760:sibo
2756:sibu
2742:and
2722:and
2050:and
2022:and
1919:Cebu
1911:Raja
1900:Cebu
1894:The
1584:Sulu
1537:Cebu
1500:Ma-i
577:Cebu
552:Ma-i
257:1400
173:and
5480:in
5476:to
5184:at
4999:and
4638:Ali
3343:doi
2758:or
2070:or
1997:Sri
1898:or
5739::
3755:.
3737:.
3721:15
3719:.
3715:.
3578:^
3561:.
3492:34
3490:.
3406:10
3404:.
3400:.
3386:^
3337:,
3311:,
3293:.
3281:^
3255:^
3237:^
3205:^
3175:^
3165:.
2828:.
2820:,
2786:.
2207:c.
2108:c.
2046:,
2042:,
2038:,
2034:,
1964:,
1960:,
1948:.
255:c.
169:,
151:,
147:,
107:c.
55:,
5180:(
5090:e
5083:t
5076:v
4683:e
4676:t
4669:v
4652:.
4224:-
4140:e
4133:t
4126:v
3799:e
3792:t
3785:v
3685:.
3662:.
3630:.
3572:.
3502:.
3380:.
3345::
3297:.
3249:.
3199:.
3169:.
2837:(
2734:(
2668:e
2661:t
2654:v
2216:)
1991:.
1883:e
1876:t
1869:v
1378:)
1374:(
1322:e
1315:t
1308:v
184:)
177:(
136:)
80:)
76:(
20:)
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