786:
874:
541:
700:
1322:
977:
602:
765:
1224:
29:
382:
2219:
404:
1297:
It fixed the prices and checked purchases, sales and payments. And also fitted the fleets, gathered the necessary military convoys, managed incoming and outgoing vessels and set out the various certificates and licenses. Through the Casa da Índia the royal officials were appointed overseas, and royal
678:
Income started to decline mid-century because of costs of maintaining a presence in
Morocco and domestic waste. Also, Portugal did not develop a substantial domestic infrastructure to support this activity, but relied on foreigners for many services supporting their trading enterprises, and therefore
1369:
In 1506, about 65% of the state income was produced on overseas activity. The monopoly of trade remained profitable until 1570, and strengthened the equity and credit capacity of
Portugal. The share of the Crown's total trade with Asia in 1506 amounted to about 25% and increased steadily to 50% or
682:
In 1549 the
Portuguese trade center in Antwerp went bankrupt and was closed. As the crown became more overextended in the 1550s, it relied more and more on external financing. By about 1560 the income of the Casa da Índia was not able to cover its expenses. The Portuguese monarchy had become, in
893:, the new name for the naval arsenal. It was assigned all nautical responsibilities, such as the running of the Lisbon dockyards, the construction of ships, the hiring and training of crews and supplying the fleets with equipment - sails, ropes, guns, nautical instruments and maps.
253:
in 1443, which operated under a similar mandate for
Portuguese Africa, thus making the Casa da Índia responsible for the regulation of all Portuguese imperial trade, the administration of Portuguese trading posts and military bases in Asia and Africa, and protection of the
471:'s monopoly on African trade - essentially a set of sheds, warehouses and customs offices, dedicated to outfitting ships, hiring captains and crews, handing out trading licenses, receiving and selling goods and collecting dues.
825:) - one for receiving goods, one for the sale of goods, and a third to handle everything else. There were five secretaries in charge of the administration - three for India, two for Mina and Guinea - and one chief factor (
1373:
Royal monopolies were also leased out sometimes by Casa da Índia to private traders for a certain period. After 1570, the monopolies were abolished, except for the purchase of spices and the trade in copper and silver.
718:
demonstrated the principles of hot air ballooning. He managed to levitate a ball indoors at the Casa da Índia in Lisbon. He later fled from
Portugal to Spain, for fear of being accused of performing magic by the
1370:
more, but never entirely displaced the private traders: the trade monopoly was accompanied always by free trade in other products such as textiles, weapons, paper and salted fish, such as
Bacalhau.
953:
kept in contact and coordinated matters with each other, the expenses from one charged to the treasurer of the other, and officers moved seamlessly between them. As a result, it was common to use
1937:
369:, the Casa da Índia grew increasingly obsolete in relation to Portugal's evolving trade and colonial policies, and most of its functions were slowly absorbed into ministries and agencies of the
1211:
In 1504 all trading activities in Africa and, especially, in Asia were merged in the Casa da Índia, becoming subject to state control under the
Portuguese kings. Under the supervision of the
1989:
1461:كارتوگرافى تاريخى خليج فارس: actes du colloque organisé les 21 et 22 avril 2004 à Téhéran par l'EPHE, l'université de Téhéran et le Centre de documentation et de recherche d'Iran
1772:
663:
For about thirty years, from 1503 to 1535, the
Portuguese cut into the Venetian spice trade in the Mediterranean. By 1510, the Portuguese throne was pocketing a million
1546:. English Universities Press. P. 92. From contemporary records, we know the earliest Portuguese were made in Antwerp; between 1504 and 1507 Portugal exported 287,813
2877:
2158:
2012:
312:
Throughout the 15th and 16th centuries, the Casa da Índia rapidly grew into an economically powerful institution that played a crucial role in the financing of
1707:
357:
and the imperial administration. After 1642 it lost all its trade monopolies on gold, silver, ivory, and spices and became solely a trade regulator and
505:
goldfields and markets, John II overhauled the old houses and organized the system into two new institutions in Lisbon - the royal trading house, the
1702:
1444:
1344:
exports especially made great gains, as copper was in high demand in India and West Africa, to where it was exported in the form of armlets called
2872:
1942:
1215:(chief royal treasurer) all products had to be handed over to the Casa, taxed and sold at an agreed price with the proceeds paid to the owners.
285:
from
Portuguese trading posts and colonies across Africa and Asia. The Casa da Índia sponsored numerous famous Portuguese navigators, including
565:
290:
865:(departments) focused on specific areas - the spice trade, finances, ship scheduling, maintenance, training, documentation and legal matters.
1622:
814:
again. However, both houses were overseen by the same officers at the higher levels, so it was common to use the joint term, or simply just
353:
Between the origins of the Casa da Índia in the 1400s and its dissolution in 1833, its principal aims evolved, as did its relations with the
1677:
2867:
2256:
1089:
904:, a position held between 1503 and 1526 by Pero Anes, Gonçalo Álvares and João de Lisboa, was probably responsible for the training of
545:
1672:
2862:
1198:
2842:
2822:
1959:
2837:
2832:
1469:
2039:
1662:
2771:
1484:
e.g. Teixeira da Mota (1969) "Os
Regimentos do cosmógrafo-mor de 1559 e 1592 e as origens do ensino náutico em Portugal",
846:
The Casa was in charge of monitoring the royal monopoly on the Asian and African trade, i.e. receiving goods, collecting
2827:
2625:
2185:
206:
across Asia and Africa. Central to the Casa da Índia's objectives was the establishment and protection of a Portuguese
2852:
1861:
1615:
509:, focused on commercial aspects of African trade (goods, licenses, dues), and the separate royal naval arsenal, the
2756:
2351:
2102:
1429:
Wilks, Ivor. Wangara, Akan, and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (1997). Bakewell, Peter (ed.).
1428:
1127:
449:
was founded in Lisbon, but it was not very successful because the Muslim merchants diverted the trade routes from
2781:
2384:
2249:
1850:
699:
2568:
2401:
2339:
1747:
2857:
2776:
2685:
2097:
1954:
1949:
1657:
1074:
794:
785:
2817:
2222:
1777:
1647:
1608:
1409:
1191:
873:
2882:
2735:
2730:
2346:
2034:
1919:
1692:
645:
255:
2791:
2786:
2242:
2163:
2140:
2125:
2069:
1904:
1843:
1727:
1001:
250:
149:
1290:
management, personnel authority of sailors, soldiers and traders, as well as one of the world's first
540:
388:(on the right), where the Casa da Índia was headquartered, and its naval yards (on the left), in 1575.
2847:
2761:
2515:
2476:
2180:
2175:
2092:
2017:
1914:
1881:
1876:
1866:
1752:
2203:
2059:
2029:
1899:
1792:
1732:
851:
637:
569:
266:
2766:
2424:
1717:
1712:
1184:
1383:
715:
549:
294:
2590:
2419:
2170:
2130:
2120:
2044:
1404:
1399:
1329:
831:
772:
726:
704:
439:
423:
366:
313:
203:
744:, when a large number of its responsibilities were transferred to different ministries of the
2670:
2535:
2135:
2024:
1757:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1459:
1301:
Between 1506 and 1570, Casa da Índia enforced the royal monopoly on all imports and sales of
1147:
1117:
745:
497:
in 1481 revived the royal interest in African trade. In 1482, upon erecting the fortress of
411:
370:
302:
1358:, then the center of international trade, approximately 5,200 tonnes copper mainly from the
513:, to handle nautical matters (ship construction, nautical supplies, hiring of crews, etc.)
2725:
2720:
2660:
2595:
2500:
1856:
1787:
1782:
1321:
1263:
749:
672:
606:
479:
232:
187:
139:
8:
2690:
2620:
2563:
2480:
2306:
2064:
2049:
1871:
1767:
1742:
1682:
1539:
1252:
1228:
835:
around the world. One of the most famous people to hold this position was the chronicler
741:
688:
668:
494:
475:
468:
354:
195:
166:
109:
44:
1457:
976:
626:
2796:
2700:
2484:
2436:
2431:
2334:
2324:
2281:
2273:
1974:
1762:
1687:
1492:(Lisbon: Libânio da Silva) replicates the documents for the nominations of Pero Annes (
1438:
1167:
1107:
415:
1237:, the secretive master-map of the world produced by the Casa da Índia's cartographers.
2675:
2650:
2630:
2610:
2600:
2490:
2472:
2441:
2374:
2291:
2265:
1999:
1797:
1631:
1465:
1389:
684:
657:
610:
463:
245:
199:
121:
55:
836:
768:
2665:
2580:
2525:
2495:
2446:
2406:
2389:
2379:
2314:
2286:
2074:
1979:
1817:
1812:
1697:
1394:
1248:
1046:
557:
347:
240:
191:
171:
1964:
601:
419:
398:
2705:
2680:
2468:
2451:
2296:
1802:
1737:
1652:
939:
664:
553:
483:
454:
265:
of the spice trade, the Casa da Índia in 1497 began financing and organizing the
1282:, central accounting office for funds and products in various overseas offices,
764:
2655:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2615:
2605:
2520:
2463:
2356:
2319:
2054:
1984:
1822:
1807:
1722:
1667:
1639:
1325:
1291:
1157:
991:
968:
905:
777:
734:
622:
427:
385:
362:
336:. The Casa da Índia also played an important role in the development of modern
213:
101:
1243:
1233:
609:
created the Casa da Índia and oversaw a successful expansionist period of the
342:
28:
2811:
2751:
2550:
2004:
1909:
1594:
Sixteenth-Century Portugal, Chapter Twelve of A History of Spain and Portugal
1583:, Alfredo Pinheiro Marques, Imago Mundi, Vol. 41, 1989 (1989), pp. 87–97
1223:
854:) and shipping schedules, ratifying contracts with private merchants, etc.
789:
579:
407:
286:
34:
Flag originally used by the Casa da Guiné and subsequently the Casa da Índia.
821:
The Casas were overseen by the same director and the same three treasurers (
737:, where the headquarters and naval yards of the Casa da Índia were located.
703:
Reconstruction proposal for the headquarters of the Casa da Índia after the
586:
became a new and important activity of the royal trading house, and the old
422:
was charged with managing and taxing Elmina along with the other Portuguese
2710:
2540:
2411:
2329:
1535:
1031:
1021:
938:, was the customs-collector, a highly-profitable job that was once held by
740:
The final era of the Casa da Índia began in 1822, during the reign of King
517:
381:
306:
217:
208:
1592:
644:) were the fleets of ships, organized by the Casa da Índia in name of the
2695:
2573:
2558:
2530:
2366:
1137:
1011:
920:
720:
583:
502:
337:
333:
325:
321:
317:
236:
225:
221:
648:, and dispatched on an annual basis from Portugal to India, principally
2458:
1600:
1596:, Stanley G. Payne, THE LIBRARY OF IBERIAN RESOURCES ONLINE, Volume 1.
403:
2505:
1574:, Armando Cortesao, Imago Mundi, Vol. 11, 1954 (1954), pp. 53–55
1556:
Primitive Money in its ethnological, historical and economic aspects.
1458:
Maḥmūd Ṭāliqānī; Dejanirah Couto; Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont (2006).
1287:
909:
2234:
829:) in charge of schedules and correspondence with all the Portuguese
2715:
2510:
1929:
1522:
1346:
262:
2585:
2396:
2150:
1891:
1433:. Aldershot: Variorum, Ashgate Publishing Limited. pp. 1–39.
1355:
1306:
1283:
1279:
358:
278:
274:
270:
1313:, and levied a 30 percent tax on the profits of other articles.
2195:
2112:
1834:
1551:
1531:
1517:
1363:
1359:
1341:
1333:
1302:
847:
730:
711:
630:
498:
487:
298:
282:
105:
2084:
1527:
1351:
1310:
850:
on incoming goods, organizing the fleets (notably the yearly
806:, it was separated again (c. 1506) into two distinct units,
667:
yearly from the spice trade alone, and it was this which led
575:
525:
450:
329:
919:(High-Cosmographer) was created for the famed mathematician
748:. In 1833, the Casa da Índia was finally dissolved, by King
373:, until the final dissolution of the Casa da Índia in 1833.
281:
transporting commodities such as gold, ivory, and spices to
802:
Although initially (c.1500) consolidated in one unit, the
1496:), João de Lisboa replacing Gonçalo Álvares as "patrão" (
649:
442:
of the African coast, to manage new trade opportunities.
1309:, as well as on the export of gold, silver, copper and
1589:, Arthur Dürst, Cartographica Helvetica 6 (1992) 8–16.
1366:-Fugger company), which was shipped mostly to India.
930:
was in charge of screening and hiring of crews. The
16:
1500–1833 Portuguese colonial commercial organization
1542:, see Chamberlain, C. C.(1963). The Teach Yourself
1354:. From 1495 to 1521 the Portuguese Crown bought in
1241:The Casa da Índia produced a secret map called the
1526:, the ring-like armlets which served as a form of
656:("India Run"), following the sea route around the
212:("closed sea" – total control of the seas) in the
1554:via San Jorge da Mina. vide Einzig, Paul (1949).
1488:, vol. 13, pp.227-91. J.I. Brito-Rebello (1903)
261:Founded with the intent of protecting Portugal's
2878:Organizations disestablished in the 19th century
2809:
1451:
923:and the cartographic duties passed over to him.
679:a lot of the income was consumed in this way.
675:"le roi épicier", that is, "the grocer king."
660:first opened up by Vasco da Gama in 1497–1499.
1386:, the Spanish counterpart of the Casa da Índia
621:were located on the ground floor of the royal
566:Portuguese discovery of the sea route to India
2250:
1616:
1328:, headquarters of the Casa da Índia, and the
1192:
235:in 1500 to direct Portugal's monopoly of the
1678:Company of Merchant Adventurers to New Lands
1443:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
305:(who established Portuguese hegemony in the
1486:Memórias da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa
516:In 1486, after the opening of contact with
2257:
2243:
1623:
1609:
1581:The Dating of the Oldest Portuguese Charts
1520:was the "red gold" of Africa, exported as
1305:- pepper, cloves, and cinnamon - silk and
1199:
1185:
912:and the drafting of navigational charts.
1673:Company of Merchant Adventurers of London
752:, and its functions were absorbed by the
361:agency. Following the destruction of its
1577:House of India, Encyclopædia Britannica.
1558:Eyre & Spottiswoode. London. P. 155.
1431:Mines of Silver and Gold in the Americas
1320:
1222:
872:
784:
763:
698:
600:
539:
478:in 1460, both houses were moved by King
467:, were established to administer Prince
402:
380:
2035:Imperial Company of Trieste and Antwerp
1630:
1422:
1266:was made by Domingos Teixeira in 1573.
781:of the Casa da Índia from 1532 to 1568.
771:, a poet, author, and historian of the
231:The House of India was founded by King
2873:Organizations established in the 1430s
2810:
2264:
2238:
1604:
1504:), and Fernando Affonso as "patrão" (
1298:decrees and regulations were spread.
945:Although theoretically separate, the
881:, the shipyards of the Casa da Índia.
574:With the discovery of a sea route to
414:, is the oldest European building in
165:
2040:Imperial Privileged Oriental Company
633:, with the Armazém just next to it.
2772:History of the Mediterranean region
1572:Note on the Castiglioni Planisphere
1316:
598:was in a royal letter dated 1501).
365:headquarters and facilities in the
190:commercial organization during the
13:
2868:1833 disestablishments in Portugal
2186:Royal Greenland Trading Department
1464:. Peeters Publishers. p. 66.
1231:is the only surviving copy of the
710:In 1709 at the Casa da Índia, the
613:in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
594:(the first written reference to a
243:. Following 1503, it absorbed the
14:
2894:
1862:Company of One Hundred Associates
1255:is the only existing copy of the
291:discovered the sea route to India
2757:Bibliography of European history
2352:Fall of the Western Roman Empire
2218:
2217:
2103:Royal Company of the Philippines
1851:Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique
1128:British rule in Portuguese India
975:
453:to other places. Around 1443 in
27:
2863:1434 establishments in Portugal
2782:History of Western civilization
2385:Christianity in the Middle Ages
957:to refer to the whole complex.
759:
705:Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755
367:Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755
239:and to manage royal policy for
2626:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
2569:Christianity in the modern era
2340:Christianity in late antiquity
1990:Pernambuco and Paraíba Company
1960:Grão Pará and Maranhão Company
1511:
1478:
1218:
652:. These armadas undertook the
507:Casa da Mina e Tratos de Guiné
202:'s territories, colonies, and
1:
2843:Trading companies of Portugal
2823:Defunct companies of Portugal
2777:History of the European Union
2098:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
1950:Cacheu and Cape Verde Company
1658:British American Land Company
1587:Brazil depicted in early maps
1415:
1075:Portuguese East India Company
960:
691:wholesale grocery business."
535:
249:, an organization founded by
145:Founder of the Casa da Guiné:
135:Founder of the Casa da Índia:
2838:Maritime history of Portugal
2833:Economic history of Portugal
1648:African Company of Merchants
1410:Economic history of Portugal
1350:, which served as a form of
868:
756:(Customs Agency of Lisbon).
7:
2736:Russian invasion of Ukraine
2347:Crisis of the Third Century
1900:Brandenburg African Company
1693:Eastern Archipelago Company
1663:British East Africa Company
1377:
687:'s phrase, the owner of "a
546:2nd Portuguese India Armada
528:-trading department of the
316:and expeditions throughout
86:17 September 1833
10:
2899:
2792:Military history of Europe
2787:Maritime history of Europe
2141:Swedish West India Company
2126:Swedish East India Company
2070:Compagnie van De Moucheron
1823:Virginia Company of London
1728:London and Bristol Company
1269:
981:Imperial entities of India
694:
617:From 1511, offices of the
563:
520:, John II established the
396:
392:
376:
251:Prince Henry the Navigator
150:Prince Henry the Navigator
2828:Colonial Indian companies
2762:Genetic history of Europe
2744:
2549:
2365:
2305:
2272:
2212:
2194:
2181:Danish West India Company
2176:Danish East India Company
2149:
2111:
2093:Barcelona Trading Company
2083:
1998:
1928:
1890:
1833:
1773:Royal West Indian Company
1753:Providence Island Company
1733:Massachusetts Bay Company
1638:
1538:peoples in Guinea Coast,
915:In 1547, the position of
891:Armazém da Guiné e Índias
879:Armazém da Guiné e Índias
590:was reorganized into the
258:'s commercial interests.
204:factories (trading posts)
163:Portuguese pronunciation:
140:King Manuel I of Portugal
127:
115:
97:
82:
74:
50:
40:
26:
2853:Portuguese India Armadas
2204:Russian-American Company
2060:Dutch West India Company
2030:Dutch East India Company
1793:South Australian Company
1565:
1534:coinage amongst certain
852:Portuguese India Armadas
804:Casa da Índia e da Guiné
727:Great Earthquake of 1755
638:Portuguese India Armadas
592:Casa da Índia e da Guiné
570:Portuguese India Armadas
267:Portuguese India Armadas
2767:History of Christianity
1844:Compagnie de l'Occident
812:Casa da Mina e da Guiné
795:Santa Catarina do Sinai
410:, built in 1482 on the
2591:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
2171:Danish Asiatic Company
2159:Danish African Company
2131:Swedish Levant Company
2121:Swedish Africa Company
2045:New Netherland Company
2013:Australische Compagnie
1405:Portuguese Renaissance
1400:Portuguese Discoveries
1340:The royal monopoly on
1337:
1238:
936:Recebedor dos Armazéns
882:
799:
782:
773:Portuguese Renaissance
707:
614:
561:
493:The ascension of King
440:Portuguese exploration
431:
389:
314:Portuguese discoveries
167:[ˈkazɐðɐˈĩdiɐ]
2671:Industrial Revolution
2136:Swedish South Company
2025:Brabantsche Compagnie
1758:Royal African Company
1324:
1226:
1148:British rule in Burma
1118:Company rule in India
928:Provedor dos Armazéns
876:
788:
767:
746:Portuguese Government
702:
604:
543:
445:As early as 1434 the
412:Portuguese Gold Coast
406:
384:
371:Portuguese government
303:Afonso de Albuquerque
2858:Portuguese in Kerala
2726:European debt crisis
2721:European integration
2661:Age of Enlightenment
2501:Republic of Florence
1920:West African Company
1857:Company of Habitants
1788:Somers Isles Company
1783:Sierra Leone Company
1778:South Africa Company
1748:North Borneo Company
1718:Hudson's Bay Company
1544:Guide to Numismatics
1500:) and "piloto-mor" (
1384:Casa de Contratación
1336:in the 18th century.
1264:Teixeira planisphere
885:Separately from the
839:, who was appointed
818:, to refer to both.
750:Miguel I of Portugal
716:Bartolomeu de Gusmão
673:Manuel I of Portugal
607:Manuel I of Portugal
550:Pedro Álvares Cabral
480:Afonso V of Portugal
420:Casa da Guiné e Mina
295:Pedro Álvares Cabral
269:, annual armadas of
246:Casa da Guiné e Mina
233:Manuel I of Portugal
56:Casa da Guiné e Mina
2818:Chartered companies
2691:Revolutions of 1848
2621:Early modern France
2402:Anglo-Saxon England
2307:Classical antiquity
2065:Compagnie van Verre
2050:Noordsche Compagnie
1905:East Africa Company
1872:Mississippi Company
1768:Royal Niger Company
1743:New Zealand Company
1683:Company of Scotland
1632:Chartered companies
1490:Livro de Marinharia
1332:(Palace Square) in
1253:Cantino planisphere
1247:, one of the first
1229:Cantino planisphere
754:Alfândega de Lisboa
742:John VI of Portugal
669:Francis I of France
495:John II of Portugal
476:Henry the Navigator
474:After the death of
469:Henry the Navigator
434:The forerunners of
346:, one of the first
196:international trade
186:) was a Portuguese
110:Kingdom of Portugal
45:International trade
23:
2883:Monarchy and money
2797:Crusading movement
2701:Russian Revolution
2536:Hundred Years' War
2432:Maritime republics
2335:Early Christianity
2325:Hellenistic period
2282:Paleolithic Europe
1975:Mozambique Company
1955:East India Company
1915:New Guinea Company
1882:West India Company
1867:East India Company
1763:Royal British Bank
1688:East India Company
1338:
1239:
1168:Partition of India
942:in the mid-1490s.
883:
800:
783:
729:destroyed much of
708:
615:
562:
432:
416:Sub-Saharan Africa
390:
340:, patronizing the
21:
2805:
2804:
2731:COVID-19 pandemic
2676:French Revolution
2651:Habsburg monarchy
2631:Cossack Hetmanate
2611:Portuguese Empire
2601:Absolute monarchy
2596:Thirty Years' War
2491:Holy Roman Empire
2416:Bulgarian Empire
2375:Early Middle Ages
2292:Bronze Age Europe
2266:History of Europe
2232:
2231:
1965:Company of Guinea
1798:South Sea Company
1708:Greenland Company
1471:978-2-909961-40-8
1390:Company of Guinea
1209:
1208:
1176:
1175:
1083:
1082:
1040:
1039:
792:'s flagship, the
685:Garrett Mattingly
658:Cape of Good Hope
654:Carreira da Índia
611:Portuguese Empire
499:São Jorge da Mina
355:Crown of Portugal
200:Portuguese Empire
155:
154:
147:
137:
122:Portuguese Empire
35:
2890:
2848:Portuguese India
2666:Great Divergence
2581:Age of Discovery
2526:Late Middle Ages
2496:High Middle Ages
2407:Byzantine Empire
2390:Christianization
2380:Migration Period
2315:Classical Greece
2287:Neolithic Europe
2259:
2252:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2221:
2220:
2167:
2075:Veerse Compagnie
2021:
1980:Zambezia Company
1946:
1818:Plymouth Company
1813:Virginia Company
1698:Eastland Company
1625:
1618:
1611:
1602:
1601:
1559:
1515:
1509:
1506:15 November 1526
1498:11 December 1522
1494:18 February 1503
1482:
1476:
1475:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1395:Age of Discovery
1330:Terreiro do Paço
1317:Royal monopolies
1249:early world maps
1213:Vedor da Fazenda
1201:
1194:
1187:
1104:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1061:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1047:Portuguese India
988:
987:
979:
965:
964:
646:Portuguese Crown
642:Armadas da Índia
627:Terreiro do Paço
582:in 1497-99, the
524:, as a distinct
522:Casa de Escravos
511:Armazém da Guiné
348:early world maps
297:(who discovered
256:Portuguese Crown
241:Portuguese India
192:Age of Discovery
169:
164:
143:
133:
93:
91:
70:
62:
33:
31:
24:
20:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2740:
2706:Interwar period
2681:Napoleonic Wars
2545:
2516:Mongol invasion
2469:Crown of Aragon
2361:
2301:
2297:Iron Age Europe
2268:
2263:
2233:
2228:
2208:
2190:
2161:
2145:
2107:
2079:
2015:
2003:
1994:
1940:
1924:
1886:
1877:Senegal Company
1829:
1803:Spanish Company
1738:Muscovy Company
1653:Barbary Company
1634:
1629:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1516:
1512:
1502:12 January 1525
1483:
1479:
1472:
1456:
1452:
1436:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1380:
1319:
1292:postal services
1272:
1221:
1205:
1158:Princely states
1098:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1049:
982:
963:
940:Bartolomeu Dias
871:
762:
697:
572:
548:, commanded by
538:
457:, Algarve, the
438:arose with the
401:
395:
379:
194:. It regulated
162:
148:
142:
138:
130:
118:
89:
87:
68:
67:
63:
60:
59:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2896:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2656:Russian Empire
2653:
2648:
2646:British Empire
2643:
2641:Dutch Republic
2638:
2636:Swedish Empire
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2616:Spanish Empire
2613:
2608:
2606:Ottoman Empire
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2521:Serbian Empire
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2382:
2377:
2371:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2357:Late antiquity
2354:
2349:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2320:Roman Republic
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2262:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2239:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2155:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2055:Ostend Company
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2009:
2007:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1985:Niassa Company
1982:
1977:
1972:
1970:House of India
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1934:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1847:
1839:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1810:
1808:Venice Company
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1723:Levant Company
1720:
1715:
1713:Guinea Company
1710:
1705:
1703:French Company
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:Canada Company
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1644:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1510:
1477:
1470:
1450:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1379:
1376:
1326:Ribeira Palace
1318:
1315:
1271:
1268:
1220:
1217:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1100:
1099:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1057:
1056:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1004:
998:
997:
994:
992:Austrian India
984:
983:
980:
972:
971:
969:Colonial India
962:
959:
917:Cosmógrafo-mor
870:
867:
837:João de Barros
769:João de Barros
761:
758:
735:Ribeira Palace
714:priest Father
696:
693:
623:Ribeira Palace
556:on its way to
537:
534:
501:to access the
459:Casa de Arguim
428:Gulf of Guinea
397:Main article:
394:
391:
386:Ribeira Palace
378:
375:
363:Ribeira Palace
214:Atlantic Ocean
183:House of India
153:
152:
131:
128:
125:
124:
119:
116:
113:
112:
102:Ribeira Palace
99:
95:
94:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
69:(Founded 1434)
61:(Founded 1443)
52:
48:
47:
42:
38:
37:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2895:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2752:Art of Europe
2750:
2749:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2551:Modern period
2548:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2248:
2246:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2005:Low Countries
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1910:Emden Company
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1473:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1454:
1446:
1440:
1432:
1425:
1421:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:Casa da Índia
1267:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1216:
1214:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1091:
1090:British India
1087:
1086:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1065:Casa da Índia
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1003:
1002:Swedish India
1000:
999:
995:
993:
990:
989:
986:
985:
978:
974:
973:
970:
967:
966:
958:
956:
955:Casa da Índia
952:
948:
943:
941:
937:
933:
929:
924:
922:
918:
913:
911:
907:
903:
899:
894:
892:
888:
880:
875:
866:
864:
860:
855:
853:
849:
844:
842:
838:
834:
833:
828:
824:
819:
817:
816:Casa da Índia
813:
809:
808:Casa da Índia
805:
797:
796:
791:
790:Vasco da Gama
787:
780:
779:
774:
770:
766:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
723:
722:
717:
713:
706:
701:
692:
690:
686:
680:
676:
674:
670:
666:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:Casa da Índia
612:
608:
603:
599:
597:
596:Casa da Índia
593:
589:
585:
581:
580:Vasco da Gama
577:
571:
567:
559:
555:
552:, discovered
551:
547:
542:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
465:
464:Casa da Guiné
460:
456:
452:
448:
447:Casa de Ceuta
443:
441:
437:
436:Casa da Índia
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:Elmina Castle
405:
400:
399:Casa da Guiné
387:
383:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
345:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
287:Vasco da Gama
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
259:
257:
252:
248:
247:
242:
238:
234:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
210:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:
179:
178:
173:
168:
160:
159:Casa da Índia
151:
146:
141:
136:
132:
126:
123:
120:
114:
111:
107:
103:
100:
96:
85:
81:
77:
73:
66:
65:Casa de Ceuta
58:
57:
53:
49:
46:
43:
39:
30:
25:
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1022:Danish India
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2367:Middle Ages
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1257:Padrão Real
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1234:Padrão Real
1219:Cartography
1138:British Raj
1095:(1600–1947)
1052:(1505–1961)
1012:Dutch India
921:Pedro Nunes
721:Inquisition
584:spice trade
343:Padrão Real
338:cartography
334:East Indies
326:Middle East
322:East Africa
318:West Africa
237:spice trade
222:Arabian Sea
177:India House
117:Area served
51:Predecessor
2812:Categories
2459:Viking Age
2274:Prehistory
1930:Portuguese
1540:Gold Coast
1416:References
1278:worked as
961:Operations
932:Almoxarife
910:navigators
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832:feitorias
424:factories
188:state-run
2745:See also
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1378:See also
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665:cruzados
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