20:
102:
208:
414:. "The Phrygian equipment was very similar to the Paphlagonian, with only a small difference. As the Macedonians say, these Phrygians were called Briges as long as they dwelt in Europe, where they were neighbors of the Macedonians; but when they changed their home to Asia, they changed their name also and were called Phrygians. The Armenians, who are settlers from Phrygia, were armed like the Phrygians. Both these together had as their commander Artochmes, who had married a daughter of Darius."
734:, p. 5. "The places whose ethnics were Amios, Amnistios, Astypalaeeus, Brycuntios, Brygindarios, Casareus, Diacrios, Dryites, Erinaeus, Istanios, Neopolites, Pontoreus, Rynchidas and Sybithios were probably not in the territory of Lindos; but there is nothing to shew the position of any of these, except that Rynchidas may be the ethnic of Roncyos."
388:, p. 65. "What can be established, despite an extremely slight archaeological record (especially along the slopes of Mt. Vermion), is that two streams of Lusatian peoples moved south in the later Bronze Age, one to settle in Hellespontine Phrygia, the other to occupy parts of western and central Macedonia."
713:, pp. 47-48. "The Greeks were aware that some such names had a foreign ring: it was said that the dried figs of the Brigindara region were 'barbarian' in name, though 'Attic' in the enjoyment they gave."
610:
692:, 1854 (Original from Harvard University), p. 452. "Some of the Brygi were settled in Illyricum, where they dwelt apparently north of Epidamnos. Strabo assigns to them a town Cydriae."
219:
There is no certain derivation for the name and tribal origin of the Bryges. In 1844, Hermann Müller suggested the name might be related to the same Indo-European root as that of
660:. Whittaker, 1851, p. 81. "Brygias (Brygium, Brucida), capital of the Brygi, Illyria, E. of Lychnitis palus on the Via Egnatia, bet. Lychnidus (13) and Scirtiana (4).
479:
614:
181:
Herodotus also mentions that in 492 BC, some
Thracian Brygoi or Brygians (Greek: Βρύγοι Θρήικες) fell upon the Persian camp by night, wounding
673:
763:
561:, p. 111. "The presence of Bryges at Epidamnus in the account of Appian seems to be confirmed by other sources, including the
459:
783:
537:
449:
397:
The
Gordion Excavations 1950-1973: Final Reports Volume 4, Rodney Stuart Young, Ellen L. Kohler, Gilbert Kenneth, p. 53.
788:
746:
Anfosso, Milena. "The
Phrygians from Βρίγες to Φρύγες: Herodotus 7.73, or the Linguistic Problems of a Migration”. In:
569:. No later record of their presence in the area survives nor can any link be established with the Bryges of Thrace..."
793:
731:
710:
636:
558:
500:
432:
385:
199:. However, modern scholars state that a historical link between them and the original Bryges cannot be established.
185:
himself, though he went on with the campaign until he subdued them. These Brygoi were later mentioned in
Plutarch's
174:
against the Bryges. Small groups of Bryges, after the migration to
Anatolia and the expansion of the kingdom of
157:
in the early 5th century BC. They seem to have lived peacefully next to the inhabitants of
Macedonia. However,
503:, p. 65. "There is no record of conflict between the Bryges and the local population; they are described as
253:
Some personal or geographic names mentioned in ancient authors may be etymologically related to "Bryges":
19:
348:
245:, and semantically motivated by some aspect of the word meanings "high, elevated, noble, illustrious".
73:, are assumed to be variants of the same root. Based on archaeological evidence, some scholars such as
521:
798:
778:
101:
411:
125:, a movement which is thought to have happened between 1200 BC and 800 BC perhaps due to the
750:. Eds. Goldstein, D. M., Jamison, S. W., Vine, B.). Bremen: Hempen Verlag, 2020. pp. 17–35.
451:
The
Cambridge Ancient History, Part 2, The Middle East and the Aegean Region c.1380-1000 BC
196:
8:
182:
126:
122:
114:
58:
748:
Proceedings of the 31st Annual UCLA Indo-European
Conference. November 8th and 9th, 2019
580:
Das nordische
Griechenthum und die urgeschichtliche Bedeutung des Nordwestlichen Europas
192:
158:
142:
678:
Epitaph of Brugos, son of
Aphrodisios. White limestone cippus. Βρῦγος Ἀροδισίου χαῖρε.
773:
727:
706:
632:
554:
496:
455:
428:
381:
322:
768:
220:
133:
and the power vacuum that was created. In the Balkans, the Bryges occupied central
82:
74:
338:
237:. It would then be cognate with Western European tribal names such as the Celtic
227:
207:
90:
78:
109:
The earliest mentions of the Bryges are contained in the historical writings of
187:
130:
42:
23:
658:
The Classical Gazetteer: A Dictionary of Ancient Geography, Sacred and Profane
757:
167:, drawing upon earlier epic traditions, mentions that Odysseus commanded the
358:
171:
270:
261:
242:
146:
308:
Brygindara (city), Brygindis (local goddess), Brygindarios (citizen) in
238:
110:
54:
643:: A group of islands occupying the (supposed) Adriatic delta of the
292:
258:
212:
163:
150:
62:
27:
333:
175:
154:
134:
86:
50:
353:
343:
309:
302:
298:
288:
265:
168:
138:
113:, who relates them to Phrygians, stating that according to the
178:, were still left in northern Pelagonia and around Epidamnus.
279:
53:. They are generally considered to have been related to the
495:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990,
427:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990,
380:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990,
105:
Ancient tribes in the area with shown Brygian settlements.
49:) is the historical name given to a people of the ancient
454:. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
613:. University of Leiden. pp. 140–141. Archived from
507:("fellow inhabitant" or neighbors) of the Macedonians."
81:
argue that the Bryges/Phrygians were members of the
493:In the Shadow of Olympus: the Emergence of Macedon
425:In the Shadow of Olympus: the Emergence of Macedon
378:In the Shadow of Olympus: the Emergence of Macedon
755:
627:Apollonios Rhodios (translated by Peter Green).
611:"Indogermanisches Etymologisches Woerterbuch"
565:attributed to Scymnus of Chios and Stabo's
448:Edwards, Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen (1973).
631:. University of California Press, 1997,
206:
153:, which was conquered by the kingdom of
100:
18:
690:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
447:
756:
443:
441:
117:, the Bryges "changed their name" to
608:
438:
13:
211:Thessaloniki, location of ancient
14:
810:
647:(Danube) and sacred to Artemis."
257:Brygean islands in the supposed
226:(shore, hill, slope, mountain),
215:, Macedonian home of the Bryges.
85:that migrated into the southern
716:
695:
682:
667:
650:
621:
602:
585:
572:
543:
248:
129:, particularly the fall of the
26:, highlands in or near ancient
726:. Kessinger Publishing, 2004,
595:, Berlin: de Gruyter 1995, v.
553:. Blackwell Publishing, 1992,
526:
510:
485:
468:
417:
400:
391:
370:
277:Brygias or Brygium, a city in
1:
764:Ancient tribes in the Balkans
740:
364:
16:People of the Ancient Balkans
287:Brygos (son of Aphrodisios)
202:
7:
784:Ancient tribes in Macedonia
327:
316:
137:and some parts of northern
10:
815:
320:
96:
789:Ancient tribes in Albania
593:Etymologisches Wörterbuch
46:
794:Ancient tribes in Epirus
305:potter, 5th century BC).
724:Rhodes in Ancient Times
216:
195:, as camp servants of
106:
31:
674:Epigraphical Database
476:The Peloponnesian War
321:Further information:
293:Epidamnos/Dyrrhachion
210:
145:, mainly west of the
121:after migrating into
104:
22:
701:Craik, Elizabeth M.
233:(mountain) i.e. IE *
705:. Routledge, 1980,
268:, mentioned in the
127:Bronze Age collapse
59:classical antiquity
656:Hazlitt, William.
534:The Parallel Lives
217:
193:Battle of Philippi
107:
32:
703:The Dorian Aegean
609:Pokorny, Julius.
578:Müller, Hermann.
491:Borza, Eugene N.
461:978-0-521-08691-2
423:Borza, Eugene N.
376:Borza, Eugene N.
323:Phrygian language
241:and the Germanic
61:lived in western
806:
735:
720:
714:
699:
693:
688:Smith, William.
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83:Lusatian culture
75:Nicholas Hammond
48:
47:Βρύγοι or Βρίγες
814:
813:
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799:Iron Age Greece
779:Thraco-Illyrian
754:
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629:The Argonautika
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339:Armeno-Phrygian
330:
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274:, an epic poem.
251:
205:
99:
91:Late Bronze Age
79:Eugene N. Borza
17:
12:
11:
5:
812:
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796:
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742:
739:
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736:
715:
694:
681:
666:
649:
620:
617:on 2011-08-09.
601:
584:
571:
563:Coastal Voyage
549:Wilkes, J. J.
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204:
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188:Parallel Lives
131:Hittite Empire
98:
95:
65:. Both names,
24:Mount Cholomon
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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797:
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792:
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749:
745:
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733:
732:1-4179-2188-9
729:
725:
722:Torr, Cecil.
719:
712:
711:0-7100-0378-1
708:
704:
698:
691:
685:
679:
675:
670:
663:
659:
653:
646:
642:
641:Brygean Isles
638:
637:0-520-07687-7
634:
630:
624:
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612:
605:
598:
594:
588:
581:
575:
568:
564:
560:
559:0-631-19807-5
556:
552:
551:The Illyrians
546:
539:
535:
529:
523:
519:
513:
506:
502:
501:0-691-00880-9
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457:
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433:0-691-00880-9
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386:0-691-00880-9
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141:, as well as
140:
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116:
112:
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94:
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80:
76:
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68:
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60:
57:, who during
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40:
36:
29:
25:
21:
747:
723:
718:
702:
697:
689:
684:
677:
669:
661:
657:
652:
644:
640:
639:, p. 223. "
628:
623:
615:the original
604:
596:
592:
587:
579:
574:
566:
562:
550:
545:
533:
528:
517:
512:
504:
492:
487:
475:
474:Thucydides.
470:
450:
424:
419:
407:
402:
393:
377:
372:
359:Phrygian cap
278:
269:
252:
249:Proper names
234:
230:
223:
218:
186:
180:
172:Thesprotians
162:
118:
108:
70:
66:
38:
34:
33:
516:Herodotus.
406:Herodotus.
271:Argonautica
243:Burgundians
149:, but also
147:Axios river
115:Macedonians
89:during the
758:Categories
532:Plutarch.
365:References
645:Istros R.
582:, p. 228.
567:Geography
518:Histories
408:Histories
349:Macedonia
280:Lychnitis
239:Brigantes
203:Etymology
191:, in the
183:Mardonius
169:Epirotian
143:Macedonia
111:Herodotus
71:Phrygians
55:Phrygians
774:Anatolia
741:See also
505:synoikoi
435:, p. 65.
328:See also
317:Language
259:Adriatic
213:Mygdonia
164:Telegony
159:Eugammon
151:Mygdonia
123:Anatolia
63:Anatolia
28:Mygdonia
769:Phrygia
591:Kluge,
344:Moschoi
334:Phrygia
312:island.
176:Macedon
161:in his
155:Macedon
135:Albania
119:Phryges
97:History
87:Balkans
51:Balkans
730:
709:
662:Presba
635:
557:
538:Brutus
499:
458:
431:
384:
354:Thrace
310:Rhodes
299:Brygos
289:eponym
266:Istros
235:bʰerǵʰ
228:German
221:Slavic
197:Brutus
139:Epirus
67:Bryges
39:Briges
35:Bryges
303:Attic
282:palus
262:delta
43:Greek
728:ISBN
707:ISBN
633:ISBN
597:Berg
555:ISBN
522:6.45
497:ISBN
480:2.99
456:ISBN
429:ISBN
412:7.73
382:ISBN
231:Berg
224:Breg
77:and
69:and
291:in
264:of
37:or
760::
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520:,
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440:^
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295:.
284:.
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