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119:. He gave specific instructions that there were to be six boys among his musicians. For want of a foundation charter, historians have settled on 1498 as the official foundation date of the Vienna Hofmusikkapelle and—in consequence—the Vienna Boys' Choir. Until 1918, the choir sang exclusively for the court, at mass, at private concerts and functions and on state occasions.
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for boys' voices. However, the general inclusion of female voices in church music since the mid-1800s has significantly reduced the importance of boys' choirs as church institutions. Many present boys' choirs were either founded or reconstituted during the first half of the 20th century as
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for the male treble. Boys' voices now break, on average, by the age of 13.5, leading to higher choir turnover rates and limiting the complexity of a choir's musical repertoire. In addition to these challenges, there have been instances of
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oriented around boys who identify themselves with a choir's cultural and ethical values. A greater awareness of the value of gender-specific youth work may also support the positive contributions of boys choirs.
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The age of onset of puberty has declined to the early teens, so boys' choirs can no longer expect to retain a majority of their singers through the age of 16 or 17—as was the case when
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43:"), depending on their range. Boys' choirs of churches or cathedrals on both sides of the Atlantic may sing alongside and train with men, who provide the
75:, one of the oldest boys' choirs. Six of its members formed, in the 15th century, the nucleus of the Vienna Boys' Choir as established by Maximilian I.
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identified - and criticized - a trend toward the foundation of many boys' choirs in the USA, which the author derided as the "boy choir fad."
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churches) continue to host many boys' choirs. The
Anglican church is particularly well known for its contributions to choral
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249:—to support their vocal transition to altos, tenors and basses and to stimulate their continued artistic development.
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237:. They can also help to foster discipline, high standards and cultural awareness, as well as providing strong
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Palm Sunday
Concert Program, Apollo Boys' Choir, The Shamrock Hotel, Houston, Texas (April 10, 1949)
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Many choirs also provide choir alumni with extensive opportunities—often coupled with continued
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91:, women being barred from this role. The oldest existing boys' choirs, such as at York, at
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and so retain their high-pitched childhood voice. Members are known as trebles ("
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Today, church traditions with strong roots in the Middle Ages (in particular,
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Moller, Herbert (1985). "Voice Change in Human
Biological Development".
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Boys' choirs offer young males an active point of entrance into
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who have yet to begin (or are just in the early stages of)
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Koopman, Ton (1996). "Recording Bach's Early
Cantatas".
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parts, in a tradition that dates back traceably to the
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Boys' choirs in
Western culture developed during the
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168:independent concert choirs. In 1917 an article in
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111:moved his court and his court musicians from
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407:"Sex Abuse Scandal Haunts Harlem Boys Choir"
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103:court, trace their roots back to this era.
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107:About the Vienna Boys' Choir: in 1498 …
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268:Journal of Interdisciplinary History
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83:. Boys contributed the treble and
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63:Middle Ages and early development
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59:, and probably much further.
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497:Christian youth organizations
274:(2). The MIT Press: 239–253.
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432:The Choir Academy of Harlem
334:Norden, N. Lindsay (1917).
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513:
15:
457:10.1093/earlyj/XXIV.4.605
209:Contemporary developments
310:"The Vienna Boys' Choir"
235:music and vocal training
492:Types of musical groups
348:Oxford University Press
16:For the 2014 film, see
482:Boys' and men's choirs
378:"Disorders of Puberty"
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121:
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340:The Musical Quarterly
171:The Musical Quarterly
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105:
70:
356:10.1093/mq/iii.2.189
253:Notes and references
109:Emperor Maximilian I
27:is a one made up of
336:"The Boy Choir Fad"
226:in some choirs and
95:(10th century), at
39:") or meanes ("boy
487:Choirs of children
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137:Helsinki Cathedral
135:performing in the
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73:Wilten Boys' Choir
224:sexual misconduct
97:Westminster Abbey
55:, in the case of
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384:. Archived from
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312:. Archived from
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133:Cantores Minores
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18:Boychoir (film)
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451:(4): 605–621.
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217:wrote complex
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415:. Retrieved
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165:arrangements
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124:20th century
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89:church music
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57:York Minster
37:boy sopranos
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445:Early Music
350:: 189–197.
239:peer groups
99:and at the
81:Middle Ages
53:7th century
25:boys' choir
476:Categories
417:2009-03-01
392:2009-03-02
320:2008-05-02
93:Regensburg
113:Innsbruck
87:lines in
411:ABC news
296:11617364
219:cantatas
157:Lutheran
153:Orthodox
149:Catholic
145:Anglican
465:3128058
139:in 2013
33:puberty
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364:738084
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288:204176
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117:Vienna
101:Vienna
461:JSTOR
360:JSTOR
346:(2).
284:JSTOR
161:works
85:meane
45:tenor
41:altos
430:cf.
382:AAFP
292:PMID
215:Bach
163:and
155:and
71:The
49:bass
47:and
29:boys
453:doi
352:doi
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115:to
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