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Bayeux Tapestry

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1202:, Harold's brothers, but both armies are shown fighting bravely. Bishop Odo brandishes his baton or mace and rallies the Norman troops in battle. To reassure his knights that he is still alive and well, William raises his helmet to show his face. The battle becomes very bloody with troops being slaughtered and dismembered corpses littering the ground. King Harold is killed. This scene can be interpreted in different ways, as the name "Harold" appears above a number of knights, making it difficult to identify which character is Harold, since one character appears with an arrow shot in his head under the name "Harold" while another character is slain by a sword underneath the words "was slain" . The final remaining scene shows unarmoured English troops fleeing the battlefield. The last part of the tapestry is missing; however, it is thought that the story contained only one additional scene. 3925:
his own comparative lack of devotion. But as critic Allen J. Frantzen has pointed out, this popular story about Mathilde and the tapestry is wrong—it was actually created in England decades after the conquest. Louis, then, is holding himself to a mythological standard of loyalty, and he curses himself based on a positively unreal example. This is part of a larger pattern of excessive guilt and harshness toward himself, which, paradoxically, prevents him from judging his own weaknesses accurately and trying to correct them. Because no one could possibly live up to Mathilde's example, Louis initially justifies his moral failure. Later, in Perestroika, he will arrive at a more genuine remorse and an honest understanding of what he has done.
1164:, then appears. At this point, the lower border of the tapestry shows a fleet of ghost-like ships thus hinting at a future invasion. The news of Harold's coronation is taken to Normandy, whereupon we are told that William is ordering a fleet of ships to be built although it is Bishop Odo shown issuing the instructions. The invaders reach England, and land unopposed. William orders his men to find food, and a meal is cooked. A house is burnt by two soldiers, which may indicate some ravaging of the local countryside on the part of the invaders, and underneath, on a smaller scale than the arsonists, a woman holds her boy's hand as she asks for humanity. News is brought to William. The Normans build a 988: 1639: 1496: 1542: 4616: 1352: 1340: 1734: 686: 4365: 533: 876: 5586: 4609: 1150: 622:; this was still the case in 1728, although by that time the purpose was merely to air the hanging, which was otherwise stored in a chest. Clearly, the work was being well cared for. In the eighteenth century, the artistry was regarded as crude or even barbarous—red and yellow multi-coloured horses upset some critics. It was thought to be unfinished because the linen was not covered with embroidery. However, its exhibition in the Louvre in 1797 caused a sensation, with 1075: 30: 467: 4380: 1172: 1360: 847: 751:) the borders do not line up properly but the technique was improved so that the later joins are practically invisible. The design involved a broad central zone with narrow decorative borders top and bottom. By inspecting the woollen threads behind the linen it is apparent all these aspects were embroidered together at a session and the awkward placing of the 1381:'s engravings of the tapestry as it was in 1730, show a spear or lance in place of the arrow and no arrow fletchings. Further, needle holes in the linen suggest that something has been removed, or shortened, and fletchings added to form an arrow. A figure is slain with a sword in the subsequent plate, and the phrase above the figure refers to Harold's death ( 286:. Tapestries adorned both churches and wealthy houses in Medieval Western Europe, though at 0.5 by 68.38 m (1 ft 8 in by 224 ft 4 in), the Bayeux Tapestry is exceptionally large. Only the figures and decoration are embroidered, on a background left plain, which shows the subject very clearly and was necessary to cover large areas. 4623: 1651:. It was made up of 1.5 million 7 mm pieces of spring steel—off-cuts from patterning disks of knitting machines—and was created by Michael Linton over a period of twenty years from 1979. The work was in 32 sections, and included a hypothetical reconstruction of the missing final section leading up to William the Conqueror's coronation at 376:); the Latin text contains hints of Anglo-Saxon; other embroideries originate from England at this time; and the vegetable dyes can be found in cloth traditionally woven there. Howard B. Clarke has proposed that the designer of the tapestry (i.e. the individual responsible for its overall narrative and political argument) was 1029:, killed in 991. Wall-hangings were common by the tenth century with English and Norman texts particularly commending the skill of Anglo-Saxon seamstresses. Mural paintings imitating draperies still exist in France and Italy and there are twelfth-century mentions of other wall-hangings in Normandy and France. A poem by 1488:("king"). The fact that the narrative extensively covers Harold's activities in Normandy (in 1064) indicates that the intention was to show a strong relationship between that expedition and the Norman Conquest starting two years later. It is for this reason that the tapestry is generally seen by modern scholars as an 632:. It was because the tapestry was regarded as an antiquity rather than a work of art that in 1804 it was returned to Bayeux, wherein 1823 one commentator, A. L. Léchaudé d'Anisy, reported that "there is a sort of purity in its primitive forms, especially considering the state of the arts in the eleventh century". 1704:
Other modern artists have attempted to complete the work by creating panels depicting subsequent events up to William's coronation, though the actual content of the missing panels is unknown. In 1997, the embroidery artist Jan Messent completed a reconstruction showing William accepting the surrender
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speculates the hanging was originally about 1.5 metres longer. At the last section still remaining the embroidery has been almost completely restored but this seems to have been done with at least some regard to the original stitching. The stylised tree is quite unlike any other tree in the tapestry.
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Harold leaves for home and meets again with the old king Edward, who appears to be remonstrating with him. Harold is in a somewhat submissive posture and seems to be in disgrace. However, possibly deliberately, the king's intentions are not made clear. The scene then shifts by about one year to when
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The tapestry begins with a panel of Edward the Confessor sending Harold to Normandy. Later Norman sources say that the mission was for Harold to pledge loyalty to William but the tapestry does not suggest any specific purpose. By mischance, Harold arrives at the wrong location in France and is taken
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abandoned his planned invasion of Britain the tapestry's propaganda value was lost and it was returned to Bayeux where the council displayed it on a winding apparatus of two cylinders. Despite scholars' concern that the tapestry was becoming damaged the council refused to return it to the cathedral.
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are normally in the central zone but occasionally use the top border. The borders are otherwise mostly purely decorative and only sometimes does the decoration complement the action in the central zone. The decoration consists of birds, beasts, fish and scenes from fables, agriculture, and hunting.
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Louis's problem is exacerbated by his tendency towards abstraction and his unreasonably high standards for himself. In Scene Three, he tells Emily about La Reine Mathilde, who supposedly created the Bayeux Tapestry. Louis describes La Reine's unceasing devotion to William the Conqueror and laments
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are included in many scenes to point out names of people and places or to explain briefly the event being depicted. The text is in Latin but at times the style of words and spelling shows an English influence. A dark blue wool, almost black, is mostly used but towards the end of the tapestry other
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Although political propaganda or personal emphasis may have somewhat distorted the historical accuracy of the story, the Bayeux Tapestry constitutes a visual record of medieval arms, apparel, and other objects unlike any other artifact surviving from this period. There is no attempt at continuity
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Norton has reviewed the various measurements of the length of the tapestry itself and of its nine individual linen panels. He has also attempted to estimate the size and architectural design of the 11th-century Bayeux Cathedral. He considers the tapestry would have fitted well if it had been hung
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The main yarn colours are terracotta or russet, blue-green, dull gold, olive green, and blue, with small amounts of dark blue or black and sage green. Later repairs are worked in light yellow, orange, and light greens. Laid yarns are couched in place with yarn of the same or contrasting colour.
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in London in 2022, but strong objections were raised on conservation grounds. It would be the first time in 950 years that the tapesty had left France, although evidence suggests that the tapestry was made in Canterbury. As of April 2024, however, a date for the loan had not yet been finalised.
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and sister of Harold. Wolfgang Grape has challenged the consensus that the embroidery is Anglo-Saxon, distinguishing between Anglo-Saxon and other Northern European techniques; Medieval material authority Elizabeth Coatsworth contradicted this: "The attempt to distinguish Anglo-Saxon from other
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in a way that would have been dramatically satisfying. He agrees with earlier speculation that a final panel is missing—one that shows William's coronation and which he thinks was some three metres long. Norton concludes that the tapestry was definitely designed to be hung in Bayeux Cathedral
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The tapestry's narration seems to place stress on Harold's oath to William, although its rationale is not made clear. Norman sources claim that the English succession was being pledged to William, but English sources give varied accounts. Today it is thought that the Norman sources are to be
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in the vignette depicting his death is disputed. Some recent historians disagree with the traditional view that Harold is the figure struck in the eye with an arrow, and that the arrow is a later 18th/19th century modification following a period of repair. Benoît's engraving of 1729, and
300: 1526:—the beginnings of modern heraldic structure were in place, but would not become standard until the middle of the 12th century. It has been noted that the warriors are depicted fighting with bare hands, while other sources indicate the general use of gloves in battle and hunt. 1421:(a scene that was frequently censored in historical reproductions). However, similar naked figures appear elsewhere in the lower border where there seems to be no connection at all with the main action. Harold had a younger sister named Ælfgifu (her name is spelt Alveva in the 516:, in 1792, the tapestry was confiscated as public property to be used for covering military wagons. It was rescued from a wagon by a local lawyer who stored it in his house until the troubles were over, whereupon he sent it to the city administrators for safekeeping. After the 193:. It is thought to date to the 11th century, within a few years of the battle. Now widely accepted to have been made in England, perhaps as a gift for William, it tells the story from the point of view of the conquering Normans and for centuries has been preserved in Normandy. 208: .... Its survival almost intact over nine centuries is little short of miraculous ... Its exceptional length, the harmony and freshness of its colours, its exquisite workmanship, and the genius of its guiding spirit combine to make it endlessly fascinating. 282:, so it does not meet narrower definitions of a tapestry. Nevertheless, it has always been referred to as a tapestry until recent years when the name "Bayeux Embroidery" has gained ground among certain art historians. It can be seen as a rare example of secular 445:
in the Loire Valley and says the detailed depiction of the Breton campaign argues for additional sources in France. Andrew Bridgeford has suggested that the tapestry was actually of English design and encoded with secret messages meant to undermine Norman rule.
808:). Events take place in a long series of scenes which are generally separated by highly stylised trees. However, the trees are not placed consistently and the greatest scene shift, between Harold's audience with Edward after his return to England and Edward's 1138:, whose position as Archbishop of Canterbury was controversial. Stigand is performing a liturgical function, possibly not the crowning itself. The tapestry labels the celebrant as "Stigant Archieps" (Stigand the archbishop) although by that time he had been 974:
reported that Edward had previously determined that William would succeed him on the throne, and Harold had sworn to honour this, and yet later that Harold had claimed Edward, on his deathbed, had made him heir over William. However, other sources, such as
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made more successful investigations and found that the sketch was of a small portion of a tapestry preserved at Bayeux Cathedral. In 1729 and 1730 he published drawings and a detailed description of the complete work in the first two volumes of his
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was to die with a weapon through the eye. Therefore, the tapestry might be said to emphasize William's rightful claim to the throne by depicting Harold as an oath breaker. Whether he actually died in this way remains a mystery and is much debated.
1533:, in a study of the tapestry, has "cautioned against reading it as an English or Norman story, showing how the animal fables visible in the borders may instead offer a commentary on the dangers of conflict and the futility of pursuing power". 416:
was famous across Europe. It was perhaps commissioned for display in the hall of Odo's palace in Bayeux, and then bequeathed to the cathedral he had built, following the precedent of the documented but lost hanging of the Anglo-Saxon warrior
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specifically; that it was designed to appeal to a Norman audience; and that it was probably designed for Bishop Odo so as to be displayed at the dedication of the cathedral in 1077 in the presence of William, Matilda, their sons, and Odo.
1981:. It was written by Jonas Rosales, directed by Alexis de Favitski and produced by Antoine Bamas. The documentary covered investigations carried out on the tapestry by the Laboratoire d'Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale (LAMS) at the 3239: 1681:, started a reproduction on 13 July 2016. As of May 2023 she had completed 40 metres, saying that she expected to finish in some 4 years. Hansson takes part of her replica out for talk and display events. In September 2020 she published 1518:, archbishop of York, and favoured by the papacy, making Harold's position as legitimate king more secure. Contemporary scholarship has not decided the matter, although it is generally thought that Ealdred performed the coronation. 462:
concerning a sketch he had received about a work concerning William the Conqueror. He had no idea where or what the original was, although he suggested it could have been a tapestry. Despite further enquiries he discovered no more.
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In 1724 a linen backing cloth was sewn on comparatively crudely and, in around the year 1800, large ink numerals were written on the backing which broadly enumerate each scene and which are still commonly used for reference.
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Burt, Richard (2009). "Border Skirmishes: Weaving Around the Bayeux Tapestry and Cinema in Robin Hood, Prince of Thieves and El Cid." In Medieval Film. Ed. Anke Bernau and Bettina Bildhauer (Manchester: Manchester UP),
1662:, Norfolk, England, created a replica of the tapestry between 2011 and 2014 in carved and painted wooden relief on 25 five-foot planks. He undertook the project to help cope with the grief of losing his 18-year-old son. 746:
for filling in figures. Nine linen panels, between fourteen and three metres in length, were sewn together after each was embroidered and the joins were disguised with subsequent embroidery. At the first join (start of
1749:, is widely recognised, and is so distinctive in its artistic style, the Bayeux Tapestry has frequently been used or reimagined in a variety of different popular culture contexts. George Wingfield Digby wrote in 1957: 1033:
might even describe the Bayeux Tapestry itself. The Bayeux Tapestry was therefore not unique at the time it was created: rather it is remarkable for being the sole surviving example of medieval narrative needlework.
713:, although it meets the traditional broader definition of "tapestry" as: "A textile fabric decorated with designs of ornament or pictorial subjects, painted, embroidered, or woven in colours, used for wall hangings, 1416:
shows familiarity with English spelling. There are two naked male figures in the border below this figure; the one directly below the figure is in a pose mirroring that of the cleric, squatting and displaying his
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The tapestry's central zone contains most of the action, which sometimes overflows into the borders either for dramatic effect or because depictions would otherwise be very cramped (for example at Edward's
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Tapestry fragments have been found in Scandinavia dating from the ninth century and it is thought that Norman and Anglo-Saxon embroidery developed from this sort of work. Examples are to be found in the
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At least two panels of the tapestry are missing, perhaps even another 6.4 m (7.0 yd) in total. This missing area may have depicted William's coronation as King of England. A poem by
1970:. The apocryphal account of Queen Matilda's creation of the tapestry is used, perhaps in order to demonstrate that Louis, one of the main characters, holds himself to mythological standards. 2039:
The exact number of scenes is not clearly defined; the Musée de la Tapisserie de Bayeux states 58 scenes, although some interpretations regard the tapestry as being divided into 70 scenes.
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Clerics were not supposed to shed blood, hence Odo has no sword. Rather than just praying for the Norman knights, however, which ought to have been his role, Odo seems militarily active.
1585:, England. The naked figure in the original tapestry (in the border below the Ælfgyva figure) is depicted wearing a brief garment because the drawing which was worked from was similarly 441:
Northern European embroideries before 1100 on the grounds of technique cannot be upheld on the basis of present knowledge." George Beech suggests the tapestry was executed at the
610:, on 25 August, the tapestry was again put on public display in the Louvre, and in 1945 it was returned to Bayeux, where it is exhibited at the Musée de la Tapisserie de Bayeux. 222:, William's maternal half-brother, and made for him in England in the 1070s. In 1729, the hanging was rediscovered by scholars at a time when it was being displayed annually in 1753:
It was designed to tell a story to a largely illiterate public; it is like a strip cartoon, racy, emphatic, colourful, with a good deal of blood and thunder and some ribaldry.
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By 1842 the tapestry was displayed in a special-purpose room in the Bibliothèque Publique. It required special storage in 1870 with the threatened invasion of Normandy in the
1700:'s estate auction, purchased for £16,000. The replica, one of three known surviving Victorian copies, was originally created as a panoramic photograph in the 19th century. 1514:, the excommunicated archbishop of Canterbury, as the man who crowned Harold, possibly to discredit Harold's kingship; one English source suggests that he was crowned by 364:
it may have been commissioned at the same time as the cathedral's construction in the 1070s, possibly completed by 1077 in time for display on the cathedral's dedication.
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Rud, Mogens (1992). "The Bayeux Tapestry and the Battle of Hastings 1066", Christian Eilers Publishers, Copenhagen; contains full colour photographs and explanatory text
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A comet was believed to be a bad omen at this time and Halley's comet would have first appeared in 1066 around 24 April, nearly four months after Harold's coronation.
1441:. It has been speculated that this scene, occurring after the meeting of Harold and William, is to remind the contemporary viewers of a scandal that occurred between 1327:
colours are used, sometimes for each word and other times for each letter. The complete text and English translation are displayed beside images of each scene at
1607:, began making a replica of the Bayeux Tapestry using the original sewing techniques. The replica was completed in June 2014 and went on permanent exhibition at 1054: 412:
1070–1089. The actual physical work of stitching was most probably undertaken by female needleworkers. Anglo-Saxon needlework of the more detailed type known as
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The first reference to the tapestry is from 1476 when it was listed in an inventory of the treasures of Bayeux Cathedral. It survived the sack of Bayeux by the
6317: 1600:, Canada, completed a stitched replica in 1996. Since its completion, it has been displayed in various museums and galleries in Canada and the United States. 770:"Et fuga verterunt Angli" ("and the English left fleeing") is said to be "entirely spurious", added shortly before 1814 at a time of anti-English sentiment. 335:("The Tapestry of Queen Matilda"). However, scholarly analysis in the 20th century concluded it was probably commissioned by William's half-brother, Bishop 239: 6347: 2268:"Tapestry": "A textile fabric decorated with designs of ornament or pictorial subjects, painted, embroidered, or woven in colours, used for wall hangings, 1966: 3397: 1095:. After exchanges of messages borne by mounted messengers, Harold is released to William, who then invites Harold to accompany him on a campaign against 563:
jr. and published by the Society in 1819–23. Stothard's images are still of value as a record of the tapestry as it was before 19th-century restoration.
759:) has been reworked. The tapestry may well have maintained much of its original appearance—it now compares closely with a careful drawing made in 1730. 2514: 1476:
and essentially depicts a Norman viewpoint. However, Harold is shown as brave, and his soldiers are not belittled. Throughout, William is described as
501:, who was living in Paris in 1732–3, and was acquainted with Lancelot and de Montfaucon: it was not published, however, until 1767, as an appendix to 3590: 944:, king of England and about sixty years old at the time the tapestry starts its narration, had no children or any clear successor. Edward's mother, 933:'s daughter. William became Duke of Normandy at the age of seven and was in control of Normandy by the age of nineteen. His half-brother was Bishop 6352: 6208: 755:
is not due to them being added later. Later generations have patched the hanging in numerous places and some of the embroidery (especially in the
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Burt, Richard (July 2007). "Re-embroidering the Bayeux Tapestry in Film and Media: The Flip Side of History in Opening and End Title Sequences".
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Burt, Richard (July 2007). "Re-embroidering the Bayeux Tapestry in Film and Media: The Flip Side of History in Opening and End Title Sequences".
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Edward has become mortally ill and the tapestry strongly suggests that, on his deathbed, he bequeaths the crown to Harold. What is probably the
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at Hastings to defend their position. Messengers are sent between the two armies, and William makes a speech to prepare his army for battle.
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There are frequent oblique bands separating the vignettes. There are nude figures, some of corpses from battle, others of a ribald nature. A
2180:] (annotated edition). Translated by Rex, Richard (First ed.). Woodbridge, United Kingdom: Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 272. 3842: 2816: 4429: 4116:
Burt, Richard (2007). "Loose Threads: Weaving Around Women in the Bayeux Tapestry and Cinema", in Medieval Film, ed. Anke Bernau and
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In a series of pictures supported by a written commentary, the tapestry tells the story of the events of 1064–1066 culminating in the
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and Vital, two individuals identified in the tapestry. Alternatively, Christine Grainge has argued that the designer may have been
520:, the Fine Arts Commission, set up to safeguard national treasures in 1803, required it to be removed to Paris for display at the 6100: 5049: 2962: 5646: 5457: 4274:
Werckmeister, Otto Karl (1976). "The Political Ideology of the Bayeux Tapestry." Studi Medievali, 3rd Series 17, no. 2: 535–95.
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of 1086) who was possibly promised to William by Harold or even betrothed to him, but she died c. 1066, prior to the invasion.
1385:, "he is slain"). This would appear to be more consistent with the labeling used elsewhere in the work. It was common medieval 3648: 3423: 672:
announced that the Bayeux Tapestry would be loaned to Britain for public display. It had been expected to be exhibited at the
6357: 6327: 5821: 4286: 4265: 4251: 4233: 4107: 4088: 4074: 3803: 3713: 3677: 3547: 3009: 2389: 2356: 2237: 2185: 1989:, measuring 215 different colours, to analyse the pigments which produced the original colours for the dyes, extracted from 4333:
Wissolik, Richard David (March 1979). "The Monk Eadmer as Historian of the Norman Succession: Korner and Freeman Examined."
3240:"Prufrock: The Meaning of the Bayeux Tapestry, When Israeli Prisoners Translated 'The Hobbit,' and the French 'Anti-Keynes'" 1618:, commissioned a hand-painted, full-size replica of the Bayeux Tapestry completed by Margaret ReVille and donated it to the 5469: 4460: 4349:
The Bayeux Tapestry. A Critical Annotated Bibliography with Cross References and Summary Outlines of Scholarship, 1729–1988
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between scenes, either in individuals' appearance or clothing. The knights carry shields, but show no system of hereditary
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Wissolik, Richard David (1982). "Duke William's Messengers: An 'Insoluble, Reverse-Order' Scene of the Bayeux Tapestry".
1126:. Although the writing on the tapestry explicitly states an oath is taken there is no clue as to what is being promised. 907: 853: 1464:, which is very similar to the Bayeux depiction. He describes the closing scene as the coronation of William in London. 5534: 5317: 5238: 4204: 619: 5585: 1569:, who was an accomplished seamstress, embarked on creating a reproduction in 1885. She organised some 37 women in her 618:
The inventory listing of 1476 shows that the tapestry was being hung annually in Bayeux Cathedral for the week of the
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cloth nearly 70 metres (230 feet) long and 50 centimetres (20 inches) tall that depicts the events leading up to the
138: 3499:"Photo gallery: Norfolk man creates a 135ft wooden version of the Bayeux Tapestry to help cope with his son's death" 738:
ground 68.38 metres long and 0.5 metres wide (224.3 ft × 1.6 ft) and using two methods of stitching:
628:, which normally dealt with foreign affairs, reporting on it on its first two pages. It inspired a popular musical, 6218: 5568: 5341: 4384: 3383: 1401:
touching or possibly striking a woman's face. No one knows the significance of this scene or the caption above it:
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A Needle in the Right Hand of God: The Norman Conquest of 1066 and the Making and Meaning of the Bayeux Tapestry.
3287: 17: 5243: 5167: 4022: 3261: 3034: 4403: 4244:"The Yorkshire Preface to the Bayeux Tapestry" The Events of September 1066 – Depicted In a Community Tapestry 987: 6080: 6075: 5943: 5400: 5223: 1936: 1562: 1241: 1103:, the army becomes mired in quicksand and Harold saves two Norman soldiers. William's army chases Conan from 606:
attempted to take possession of the tapestry, by which time the Louvre was again in French hands. After the
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A number of films have used sections of the tapestry in their opening credits or closing titles, including
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to go there; he would describe the tapestry as "the most interesting thing in its way conceivable".
218:, embroidered on linen with coloured woollen yarns. It is likely that it was commissioned by Bishop 6307: 6090: 5936: 5892: 5476: 5405: 4453: 2446: 1912: 1900: 1819: 1278: 1092: 1083: 409: 5492: 1638: 1495: 1009: 833: 825: 809: 805: 763: 756: 748: 6337: 6238: 6146: 5755: 5656: 5498: 5463: 5450: 4927: 4390: 4044: 1574: 1570: 776: 552: 536: 381: 5856: 5831: 1450: 6024: 5851: 5666: 5394: 5369: 5310: 5208: 5132: 3850: 2473: 1648: 1593: 1328: 1316: 1254: 1246: 918: 857: 368:
Assuming Odo commissioned the tapestry, it was probably designed and constructed in England by
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coveted the work, regarding it as "important for our glorious and cultured Germanic history".
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Campbell, Miles Warren (1984). "Aelfgyva : The Mysterious Lady of the Bayeux Tapestry".
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An approximately half-scale mosaic version of the Bayeux Tapestry was formerly on display at
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The depiction of events on the tapestry has raised several questions which remain unsettled.
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For example, illustrations in the Bayeux Tapestry can be shown to have been copied from the
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in 1562; and the next certain reference is from 1724. Antoine Lancelot sent a report to the
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and the most powerful noble in England, was Edward's brother-in-law. The Norman chronicler
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to collaborate working from a full-scale water-colour facsimile drawing provided by the
1351: 701:, this piece is conventionally referred to as a "tapestry", although it is not a "true" 6050: 6014: 5539: 5482: 5054: 5005: 4937: 4863: 4853: 4836: 4826: 4801: 4588: 4563: 4314: 4143: 4096: 3889: 3064: 2902: 2543:, Volume 2, Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK, and Rochester, New York, the Boydell Press, 2006, 2049: 1942: 1924: 1878: 1848: 1693: 1631: 1582: 1339: 1273: 1263: 1195: 1183: 1176: 1057:, in Germany, is the largest of a group of fragments from hangings based on decorative 1005: 887: 792: 543:
engravings: scenes showing the Norman troops crossing the Channel and landing in Sussex
498: 397: 190: 42: 5137: 2867: 1733: 6055: 6004: 5704: 5636: 5626: 5563: 5359: 5303: 5162: 4952: 4947: 4917: 4841: 4775: 4745: 4704: 4674: 4654: 4558: 4543: 4523: 4503: 4483: 4282: 4261: 4247: 4229: 4210: 4200: 4147: 4117: 4103: 4084: 4070: 4056: 4055:
Bernstein, David J. (1986). "The Mystery of Bayeux Tapestry" Weidenfeld and Nicolson
4030: 3893: 3799: 3709: 3598: 3543: 3134: 3030: 3005: 2906: 2796: 2641: 2567: 2544: 2485: 2454: 2385: 2352: 2257: 2233: 2181: 1814: 1783: 1652: 1473: 1461: 1161: 1154: 1100: 829: 698: 579: 513: 393: 6136: 5719: 3564: 3386:[The Vikings Are Coming!] (in Danish). Kristeligt Dagblad. 30 November 2005. 2885:
Norton, Christopher (23 October 2019). "Viewing the Bayeux Tapestry, Now and Then".
2857:, "Tapestry", which goes on to mention "especially" those woven in a tapestry weave. 1405:("where a certain cleric and Ælfgyva"), where Ælfgyva is the Latinised spelling of 685: 6070: 5978: 5866: 5841: 5509: 5064: 4942: 4846: 4755: 4593: 4493: 4306: 4175: 4135: 3881: 3659: 3361: 3184: 3172: 3072: 2894: 2377: 1566: 1530: 1515: 1446: 1373: 1190:
but the tapestry does not provide this context. The English fight on foot behind a
1165: 1042: 963: 945: 922: 891: 659: 595: 490: 486:. The drawings were by Antoine Benoît, one of the ablest draughtsmen of that time. 311: 223: 186: 103: 97: 62: 3681: 3195: 3083: 2898: 2845:, formerly held in Canterbury, and Canterbury was Bishop Odo's English power-base. 2427:
Grainge, Christine (2023). "The identity of the designer of the Bayeux Tapestry".
1608: 1604: 1041:, or Girona Tapestry, is a large Romanesque panel of needlework, in the Museum of 6312: 6182: 6085: 6040: 5983: 5959: 5651: 5605: 5524: 5432: 5074: 5037: 5015: 4964: 4902: 4740: 4714: 4689: 4326: 4162:(New York and London: Palgrave Macmillan), xiv; 279 pp. Paperback edition, 2010. 4014: 3108: 2372:
Clarke, Howard B. (2013). "The Identity of the Designer of the Bayeux Tapestry".
2010: 1950: 1882: 1722: 1718: 1553:
A number of replicas of the Bayeux Tapestry have been created, in various media.
1434: 1303: 1231: 1199: 1139: 1112: 1104: 1050: 1046: 999:
Tapestry (actually needlework), 11th-century, 3.65 m × 4.70 m (12.0 ft × 15.4 ft)
669: 652: 644: 532: 517: 433: 413: 369: 326: 178: 155: 147: 56: 5734: 2515:"Oxford Bibliographies Online – Author (Contributor: Elizabeth Coatsworth)" 875: 6131: 5907: 5882: 5795: 5739: 5724: 5709: 5182: 5157: 5152: 4796: 4765: 4694: 4684: 4669: 4644: 4508: 3591:"Bayeux Museum lands 1872 reproduction of tapestry from Rolling Stone's estate" 3188: 3076: 2975: 1994: 1949:
The design and embroidery of the tapestry form one of the narrative strands of
1809: 1768: 1721:
finished a continuation including William's coronation and the building of the
1678: 1578: 1558: 1546: 1457: 1438: 1430: 1058: 1030: 1021: 967: 673: 636: 502: 283: 205: 166: 3623: 3400:[The "Bayeux tapestry" displayed in a horse stable in North Jutland]. 3176: 2381: 791:
and that the scenes it depicts can be correlated with positions of the arcade
196:
According to Sylvette Lemagnen, conservator of the tapestry, in her 2005 book
6296: 6259: 6095: 6045: 5780: 5770: 5714: 5699: 5544: 5117: 4932: 4679: 4608: 4513: 4340:
Wissolik, Richard David. "The Saxon Statement: Code in the Bayeux Tapestry."
4195:
Foys, Martin K., Overbey, Karen Eileen Overbey and Terkla, Dan (eds.) (2009)
4139: 3885: 3602: 2941: 2677: 1918: 1758: 1697: 1689: 1523: 1422: 1268: 953: 934: 821: 771: 422: 355: 336: 314:, but its origins have been the subject of much speculation and controversy. 303: 254: 241: 219: 34: 5785: 4179: 3941: 3157:
Gibbs-Smith, Charles (1965). "Notes on the Plates". In Frank Stenton (ed.).
2048:
Professor Christopher Norton is emeritus professor of History of Art at the
1899:(2014–15), and (in this case a woven tapestry with embroidered details) the 1409:, a popular Anglo-Saxon woman's name (literally "elf-gift"). The use of the 310:
The earliest known written reference to the tapestry is a 1476 inventory of
6167: 5836: 5765: 5187: 4974: 4895: 4811: 4699: 4659: 4528: 4422: 4221: 4018: 3776: 3771: 3002:
Pulling the Arrow Out: The Legend of Harold's Death and the Bayeux Tapestry
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Was the Bayeux Tapestry Made in France?: The Case for St. Florent of Saumur
2481: 1961: 1772: 1659: 1149: 914: 895: 560: 540: 429: 340: 226:. The tapestry is now exhibited at the Musée de la Tapisserie de Bayeux in 3475: 1839:
The tapestry has inspired modern embroideries, most notably and directly:
1210:
The following is a list of known persons depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry:
6273: 5912: 5808: 5694: 5661: 5427: 5142: 5107: 5102: 4884: 4719: 4568: 2005: 1742: 1706: 1674: 1586: 1386: 1191: 1074: 957: 732: 648: 389: 5259: 4318: 1822:'s pastiche chronicling the saga leading up to Britain's entry into the 1061:, including animals, that are probably the earliest European survivals. 956:
but was decided jointly by the king and by an assembly of nobility, the
5887: 5610: 5279: 5192: 5147: 4989: 4760: 4750: 4735: 4649: 4639: 4469: 4256:
Pastan, Elizabeth Carson, and Stephen White, with Kate Gilbert (2014).
1856: 1746: 1499: 1131: 739: 710: 690: 385: 272: 174: 1713:), Hertfordshire, and his coronation. In early 2013, 416 residents of 1406: 1215: 466: 317:
French legend maintained the tapestry was commissioned and created by
29: 4583: 4573: 4498: 4310: 3401: 3210:"ACLS American Council of Learned Societies - www.acls.org - Results" 2132: 1828: 1804: 1577:. The full-size replica was finished in 1886 and is now exhibited in 1418: 1045:, Catalonia, Spain. The hanging depicts a series of figures from the 1026: 1025:, mentions a woven narrative wall-hanging commemorating the deeds of 591: 571: 556: 455: 418: 204:
The Bayeux tapestry is one of the supreme achievements of the Norman
3265: 2345:"Stitches in Time: Establishing a History of Anglo-Saxon Embroidery" 1666: 1194:, whilst the Normans are on horses. Two fallen knights are named as 432:
has suggested the tapestry could possibly have been commissioned by
77: 6177: 5326: 5284: 5269: 4664: 4578: 3339: 2269: 1978: 1714: 1489: 1410: 1390: 1283: 856:
The entire Bayeux Tapestry. Individual images of each scene are at
714: 702: 525: 405: 377: 276: 231: 5928: 6126: 5917: 5264: 4969: 4957: 4875: 4538: 4533: 2141:
Koslin, Desirée (1990). "Turning Time in the Bayeux Embroidery".
1787: 1670: 1597: 1511: 1503: 1221: 1171: 1135: 1079: 926: 903: 706: 583: 279: 1460:
describes a tapestry on the walls of the personal apartments of
299: 6065: 5600: 4912: 4907: 4816: 4379: 2940:
Wingfield Digby, George (1965). "Technique and Production". In
1907: 1642:
Sections of the 1066 Medieval Mosaic re-creation in New Zealand
1398: 1322: 1293: 1288: 1143: 1116: 1108: 996: 976: 721: 587: 401: 344: 227: 214: 1775:, a British comic book artist, has called it "the first known 1589:. The replica was digitised and made available online in 2020. 1186:
was fought on 14 October 1066 less than three weeks after the
639:
complaining of the need to queue to see the work. In the 1843
5902: 5519: 4438: 2868:"Christopher Norton - History of Art, The University of York" 2310:, in English and French. Word document. Published 9 May 2006. 1990: 1852: 1123: 1120: 735: 118: 2676:
Bertrand, Simone (1965) . "The History of the Tapestry". In
2159:
et combien pauvre alors ce nom de broderie nous apparaît-il!
559:
of the tapestry. His drawings were subsequently engraved by
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La Tapisserie de Bayeux: œuvre d'art et document historique
1873:
Other embroideries more loosely inspired by it include the
1359: 828:) and this is the earliest known depiction. The picture of 788: 728: 725: 489:
The tapestry was first briefly noted in English in 1746 by
373: 130: 112: 86: 68: 2948:(2nd ed.). Phaidon Press. pp. 37–55 (37, 45–48). 2684:(revised ed.). London: Phaidon Press. pp. 88–97. 1413: 4622: 3449: 2854: 2265: 1037:
Very few hangings from the 11th century survive, but the
115: 74: 6290:
Embroidery depicting the 1066 Norman invasion of England
1086:, with a portrayal of medieval agriculture in the border 3398:"Nu hænger Bayeux-tapetet i en hestestald i Vendsyssel" 3004:. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell and Brewer. pp. 158–75. 2134:
Reframing Medieval Art: Difference, Margins, Boundaries
709:
into the cloth in tapestry weave; it is technically an
603: 497:. The first detailed account in English was written by 4893: 4882: 4873: 4433:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 555–556. 4191:. Individual licence ed; CD-ROM. On-line version, 2013 4013: 1437:, past kings of Denmark and England respectively, via 4081:
1066 : the hidden history in the Bayeux Tapestry
2347:. In Netherton, Robin; Owen-Crocker, Gale R. (eds.). 1510:
preferred. Both the tapestry and Norman sources name
1472:
The Bayeux Tapestry was probably commissioned by the
680: 635:
The tapestry was becoming a tourist attraction, with
139: 4360: 4258:
The Bayeux Tapestry and its Contexts: A Reassessment
4226:
The Bayeux Tapestry: The Life Story of a Masterpiece
3262:"Britain's Bayeux Tapestry at the Museum of Reading" 2793:
The Bayeux Tapestry. The Life Story of a Masterpiece
2478:
The Bayeux Tapestry: The Life Story of a Masterpiece
2283:
The Bayeux Tapestry – A History and Description
1865:(2010), which chronicles the events surrounding the 870: 779:
has also been restored but to a much lesser extent.
766:
has been missing from time immemorial and the final
555:, to visit Bayeux to make an accurate hand-coloured 127: 109: 83: 65: 4279:
The Bayeux Tapestry: the Complete Tapestry in Color
4043: 3746:
Wingfield Digby, "Technique and Production", p. 37.
3523:Monger, Garry (2022). "Fenland's Bayeux Tapestry". 3424:"History center to display Bayeux Tapestry replica" 1692:replica of the Bayeux tapestry as part of the late 1614:Dr. E. D. Wheeler, former judge and former dean at 350:The reasons for the Odo commission theory include: 124: 106: 71: 4095: 3961: 3940: 3098:Gesta Willelmi ducis Normannorum et regis Anglorum 2921:Gesta Willelmi ducis Normannorum et regis Anglorum 2008:, the opening credits of the second season of the 1626:in 1994. In 2014, the replica was acquired by the 460:Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 388:, because of his previous position as head of the 4418:– collection of videos, articles and bibliography 3171: 2887:Journal of the British Archaeological Association 2502:The Bayeux Tapestry: Monument to a Norman Triumph 1115:. William gives Harold arms and armour (possibly 697:In common with other embroidered hangings of the 354:three of the bishop's followers mentioned in the 329:. Indeed, in France, it is occasionally known as 212:The cloth consists of 58 scenes, many with Latin 6294: 6209:Coronations of William the Conqueror and Matilda 3900: 2229:The Middle Ages: A History From Beginning to End 894:, recently crowned King of England, leading the 4404:High quality panoramic image of Bayeux Tapestry 2939: 2564:1066: The Hidden History in the Bayeux Tapestry 742:for lettering and the outlines of figures, and 613: 361:it was found in Bayeux Cathedral, built by Odo; 3027:The House of Godwine: the history of a dynasty 2453:. Manchester: Manchester UP. pp. 134–36. 2092:, although the Tapestry does not specify this. 2035: 2033: 1983:French National Centre for Scientific Research 1737:Street art in Bayeux referring to the Tapestry 1688:In January 2024, the Bayeux Museum acquired a 1603:In 2000, a Danish association, Vikingegruppen 1160:A star with a streaming tail, now known to be 5944: 5311: 5086:Fragments of a Cope with the Seven Sacraments 4454: 4098:The Bayeux Tapestry: History and Bibliography 3942:"BBC Four - Mysteries of the Bayeux Tapestry" 3616: 2959:Victoria and Albert Museum, "Tapestry Border" 2558: 2556: 2338: 2336: 2334: 1536: 1484:up to his coronation, is subsequently called 836:), is the first known picture of this comet. 396:(famed for its illumination), his travels to 6318:Cultural depictions of William the Conqueror 3722: 3649:"Invasion of England, Submission to William" 3641: 3062: 2817:"Bayeux Tapestry to be displayed in Britain" 2406:"Designer of the Bayeux Tapestry identified" 2157:. La Pierre-qui-Vire: Zodiaque. p. 23. 1099:. On the way, just outside the monastery of 473:/ Benoît drawing showing King Harold's death 330: 160: 6348:Works about battles and military operations 6264: 4027:The Golden Age of Anglo-Saxon Art, 966–1066 3156: 2296:The Bayeux Tapestry. A comprehensive survey 2030: 1685:, with hand-drawn images from the tapestry. 1397:There is a panel with what appears to be a 824:, a newly invented implement, is depicted ( 33:A scene from the Bayeux Tapestry depicting 5951: 5937: 5416:Great Tapestry of Scotland: People's Panel 5318: 5304: 5026:Great Tapestry of Scotland: People's Panel 4461: 4447: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2553: 2342: 2331: 2328:, Thames and Hudson, 1985, pp. 201–27 343:and, when William was absent in Normandy, 4281:, Rev. ed. New York: Thames & Hudson 3812: 3730:"Bayeux Tapestry ending made in Alderney" 3364:. Newsrelease.uwaterloo.ca. 15 March 2001 2783: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2320: 2318: 2316: 1146:who considered his appointment unlawful. 948:, was William's great aunt. At that time 551:commissioned its historical draughtsman, 5219:Embroidery Software Protection Coalition 4296: 4197:The Bayeux Tapestry: New Interpretations 4165: 4160:Medieval and Early Modern Film and Media 3982: 3708:. Thirsk: Madeira Threads. p. 112. 3588: 3090: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2675: 2474:"New Contender for The Bayeux Tapestry?" 2152: 2130: 1732: 1637: 1545:Start of the Bayeux Tapestry replica in 1540: 1494: 1358: 1350: 1338: 1170: 1148: 1073: 986: 874: 684: 590:and on 18 August, three days before the 531: 465: 372:(Odo's main power base being by then in 298: 28: 6353:Cultural depictions of Harold Godwinson 4029:. London: British Museum Publications. 3963:"BBC4 to reversion Bayeux Tapestry doc" 3935: 3933: 3790: 3703: 3537: 3496: 3254: 3181:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 3165: 3069:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2654: 2445: 2426: 2351:. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 1–27. 2225: 2088:Possibly about Harold's victory in the 484:Les Monuments de la Monarchie française 339:, who, after the Conquest, also became 271:The designs on the Bayeux Tapestry are 14: 6295: 5458:Hunting of Birds with a Hawk and a Bow 3841:Steven, Alasdair (24 September 2003). 3840: 3522: 3441: 2884: 2635: 2576: 2371: 2313: 2171: 2140: 1480:("duke"), whereas Harold, also called 1467: 1334: 720:The Bayeux tapestry is embroidered in 5932: 5299: 4442: 4277:Wilson, David McKenzie (ed.) (2004). 4246:, Writers Print Shop, first edition. 4220: 4093: 3476:"A Medieval Mosaic (Medieval Mosaic)" 3456:from the original on 16 February 2016 3150: 3056: 3024: 2933: 2787: 2724: 2308:UNESCO World Heritage nomination form 1835:"Europa" supplement on 1 January 1973 1728: 832:, which appears in the upper border ( 154: 5470:The Justice of Trajan and Herkinbald 4125: 3930: 3871: 3658:. Berkhamsted Castle. Archived from 3540:Mia's Bayeux Tapestry Colouring Book 2999: 2202:"Explore the Bayeux Tapestry online" 2101:This reflected the military reality. 1683:Mia's Bayeux Tapestry Colouring Book 6106:Companions of William the Conqueror 5958: 5239:Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum 4397:Digital exploration of the tapestry 3706:Bayeux Tapestry Embroiderers' Story 3562: 3362:"Bayeux Tapestry, topic of seminar" 2976:"People identified on the tapestry" 2408:. Medievalists.net. 30 October 2013 2298:London: Phaidon, 1957 revised 1965. 2285:, London: G. Bell & Sons, 1913. 2172:Musset, Lucien (1 November 2005) . 2052:in the Centre for Medieval Studies. 2004:At the behest of series showrunner 1502:of Harold, seemingly by Archbishop 1429:was also the name of the mother of 982: 908:companions of William the Conqueror 812:, is not marked in any way at all. 449: 24: 5535:Scottish royal tapestry collection 4621: 4614: 4607: 4217:London; New York, Phaidon; Praeger 4051:. Paris: Citadelles & Mazenod. 4006: 3770:The History of the British Comic, 3447: 2963:Photo of the Cloth of Saint Gereon 2451:Anglo-Saxon Art, a New Perspective 2256:. Stroud, UK: Tempus. pp. 32–33. 2170:Sylvette Lemagnen, Preface, p. 9; 1205: 1111:, and Conan finally surrenders at 1069: 681:Construction, design and technique 641:Hand-book for Travellers in France 630:La Tapisserie de la Reine Mathilde 332:La Tapisserie de la Reine Mathilde 25: 6369: 5385:Christ in Glory in the Tetramorph 4356: 4047:; Barral i Altet, Xavier (2019). 3959: 3628:Berkhamsted Local History Society 3589:Willsher, Kim (29 January 2024). 3497:Lazzari, Adam (14 January 2014). 3246:. 25 January 2018. Archived from 1813:magazine of 15 July 1944 marking 1119:him) and Harold takes an oath on 871:Background of the events depicted 783:along the south, west, and north 5584: 5569:Walsall Silver Thread Tapestries 4378: 4363: 4347:Wissolik, Richard David (1989). 3908:"SparkNote on Angels in America" 3029:. London: Hambledon and London. 2504:, Prestel Publishing, 3791313657 2252:Saul, Nigel. "Bayeux Tapestry". 2226:Freeman, Henry (21 March 2016). 2137:. Medford, MA: Tufts University. 1975:Mysteries of the Bayeux Tapestry 1826:, published across six pages in 950:succession to the English throne 890:. The two main protagonists are 845: 549:Society of Antiquaries of London 443:Abbey of Saint-Florent de Saumur 102: 61: 5647:Moravská Gobelínová Manufaktura 5575:The World Trade Center Tapestry 5123:Juanita Growing Thunder Fogarty 4228:. London: Chatto & Windus. 4189:Bayeux Tapestry Digital Edition 3983:Johnston, Dais (17 June 2024). 3976: 3953: 3865: 3834: 3784: 3764: 3749: 3740: 3697: 3582: 3556: 3531: 3516: 3490: 3468: 3416: 3390: 3376: 3354: 3332: 3306: 3280: 3232: 3202: 3124: 3043: 3018: 2993: 2968: 2952: 2913: 2878: 2860: 2848: 2835: 2809: 2715: 2706: 2697: 2688: 2529: 2507: 2494: 2467: 2439: 2420: 2398: 2365: 2294:Sir Frank Stenton (ed) et al., 2254:A Companion to Medieval England 2104: 2095: 2082: 2073: 2064: 2055: 2042: 1973:In 2022 the French documentary 1960:The tapestry is referred to in 1658:Jason Welch, a woodcarver from 1218:, a woman of uncertain identity 1006:grave goods of the Oseberg ship 598:sent a message (intercepted by 5244:Han Sang Soo Embroidery Museum 5214:Embroiderers' Guild of America 5168:Charles Germain de Saint Aubin 4468: 4410:A Guide to the Bayeux Tapestry 2566:, Walker & Company, 2005. 2541:Medieval Clothing and Textiles 2349:Medieval Clothing and Textiles 2343:Coatsworth, Elizabeth (2005). 2301: 2288: 2275: 2246: 2219: 2194: 2164: 2131:Caviness, Madeline H. (2001). 2124: 1741:Because it resembles a modern 1343:Harold's death. Legend above: 570:and again in 1939–1944 by the 13: 1: 5401:Devonshire Hunting Tapestries 5355:Amnesty-Sís-Pinton Tapestries 5224:Needlework Development Scheme 4344:. 19 (September 1979), 69–97. 3565:"Mia's Bayeux Tapestry Story" 3340:"Ray Dugan's Bayeux Tapestry" 3141: 3115: 3101: 2924: 2899:10.1080/00681288.2019.1642012 2476:, from the BBC, 22 May 2006. 2117: 1937:Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves 1571:Leek School of Art Embroidery 1557:Through the collaboration of 1310: 865: 421:, bequeathed by his widow to 6358:Works subject to expurgation 6328:Memory of the World Register 5325: 5113:Shahin Ebrahimzadeh-Pezeshki 4424:"Bayeux Tapestry, The"  3798:. Oxford: Bodleian Library. 3196:UK public library membership 3084:UK public library membership 1782:It has inspired many modern 1403:ubi unus clericus et Ælfgyva 1364:Ubi unus clericus et Ælfgyva 658:During the Second World War 620:Feast of St John the Baptist 614:Later reputation and history 7: 6267:Carmen de Hastingae Proelio 6199:Northumbrian Revolt of 1065 5672:William Baumgarten & Co 5234:Wemyss School of Needlework 5044:Magna Carta (An Embroidery) 4894: 4883: 4874: 4412:– Latin-English translation 4351:, Greensburg: Eadmer Press. 4335:American Benedictine Review 4121:Manchester University Press 4094:Brown, Shirley Ann (1988). 4079:Bridgeford, Andrew (2005). 3428:University of North Georgia 3314:"Britain's Bayeux Tapestry" 3183:. Oxford University Press. 3071:. Oxford University Press. 1896:Magna Carta (An Embroidery) 1824:European Economic Community 1628:University of North Georgia 906:army, sometimes called the 576:German occupation of France 10: 6374: 6333:Norman conquest of England 5867:Raffaello Sanzio (Raphael) 5530:Scottish Diaspora Tapestry 5488:Oseberg tapestry fragments 5439:The History of Constantine 5411:Great Tapestry of Scotland 5229:Royal School of Needlework 5080:Scottish Diaspora Tapestry 5021:Great Tapestry of Scotland 4371:Anglo-Saxon England portal 3822:. Condé Nast. 15 July 1944 3342:. Dugansbayeuxtapestry.com 1940:, and Richard Fleischer's 1891:Scottish Diaspora Tapestry 1887:Great Tapestry of Scotland 1620:University of West Georgia 1561:with textile manufacturer 1537:Replicas and continuations 1345:Harold rex interfectus est 1314: 1242:Eustace, Count of Boulogne 1227:Conan II, Duke of Brittany 1097:Conan II, Duke of Brittany 1064: 294: 289: 187:Harold II, King of England 179:Norman Conquest of England 6247: 6191: 6160: 6114: 6033: 6010:Battle of Stamford Bridge 5997: 5966: 5875: 5815:list of tapestry cartoons 5748: 5680: 5619: 5593: 5582: 5333: 5252: 5201: 5178:Dimitri Vlachos - Castano 5096:Designersand embroiderers 5095: 4998: 4789: 4728: 4632: 4605: 4476: 3781:, 8 September 2007, p. 5. 2517:. Oxford University Press 2382:10.1017/9781782041085.009 2153:Bertrand, Simone (1966). 2090:Battle of Stamford Bridge 1492:for the Norman Conquest. 1347:, "King Harold is killed" 1299:William, Duke of Normandy 1188:Battle of Stamford Bridge 900:William, Duke of Normandy 860:. (Scroll left or right.) 717:, covers for seats, ..." 586:took the tapestry to the 400:, and his connections to 189:, and culminating in the 183:William, Duke of Normandy 5893:Franses Tapestry Archive 5406:Game of Thrones Tapestry 5209:Embroiderers' Guild (UK) 5202:Organizationsand museums 5050:Margaret Layton's jacket 4187:Foys, Martin K. (2003). 4140:10.1179/175330707X212895 3886:10.1179/175330707X212895 2023: 1913:Bedknobs and Broomsticks 1901:Game of Thrones Tapestry 1769:sequential-narrative art 1279:Robert, Count of Mortain 1134:ceremony is attended by 1084:Guy I, Count of Ponthieu 882:sends Harold to Normandy 507:Anglo-Norman Antiquities 495:Palaeographia Britannica 477:The Benedictine scholar 410:Archbishop of Canterbury 6239:Trial of Penenden Heath 6147:Malcolm III of Scotland 5756:Pieter Coecke van Aelst 5464:Jagiellonian tapestries 4430:Encyclopædia Britannica 4406:(Bibliotheca Augustana) 4180:10.3406/annor.1984.5553 4102:. Woodbridge: Boydell. 4049:La Tapisserie de Bayeux 3843:"George Gale: Obituary" 2636:Musset, Lucien (2005). 2374:Anglo-Norman Studies 35 2155:La tapisserie de Bayeux 1767:as an example of early 1655:on Christmas Day, 1066. 1575:South Kensington Museum 1529:The American historian 705:in which the design is 358:appear on the tapestry; 323:William the Conqueror's 198:La Tapisserie de Bayeux 156:[tapisʁidəbajø] 6265: 6025:Siege of Exeter (1068) 5852:Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer 5822:Muriel Nezhnie Helfman 5667:Royal Tapestry Factory 5395:The Death of Polydorus 5370:Bayeux Tapestry tituli 5133:Marilyn Leavitt-Imblum 4790:Regionaland historical 4665:Couching and laid work 4626: 4619: 4612: 4293:(1985 ed.). LC NK3049. 4158:Burt, Richard (2008). 4065:Bloch, Howard (2006). 3680:. 2014. Archived from 3542:. March: Eyrie Press. 3189:10.1093/ref:odnb/26523 3138:Chronicon ex Chronicis 3112:Historia Ecclesiastica 3077:10.1093/ref:odnb/29448 2980:bayeux-tapestry.org.uk 2712:Hicks 2006, pp. 82–84. 1955:The Invention of Truth 1922:, Franco Zeffirelli's 1847:(1974), commemorating 1797:'s satirical pastiche 1755: 1738: 1649:Geraldine, New Zealand 1643: 1594:University of Waterloo 1550: 1506: 1443:Ælfgifu of Northampton 1372:The identification of 1366: 1356: 1348: 1329:Bayeux Tapestry tituli 1317:Bayeux Tapestry tituli 1255:Harold, Earl of Wessex 1247:Guy, Count of Ponthieu 1179: 1157: 1093:Guy, Count of Ponthieu 1087: 1000: 919:Robert the Magnificent 883: 858:Bayeux Tapestry tituli 740:outline or stem stitch 694: 582:. On 27 June 1944 the 544: 474: 428:Other theories exist. 331: 307: 210: 170: 161: 151: 46: 6224:Council of Winchester 6214:Harrying of the North 6204:Council of Lillebonne 5974:William the Conqueror 5493:Överhogdal tapestries 5445:Holy Grail tapestries 5342:Adoration of the Magi 5173:Mary Elizabeth Turner 4625: 4618: 4611: 4199:, Boydell and Brewer 4083:Walker & Company 3704:Messant, Jan (1999). 3538:Hansson, Mia (2020). 3131:Florence of Worcester 3096:William of Poitiers: 3063:Bates, David (2004). 3000:Foys, Martin (2009). 2919:William of Poitiers: 2843:Old English Hexateuch 2795:. Chatto and Windus. 2500:See Grape, Wolfgang, 2429:Archaeologia Cantiana 1867:Battle of Prestonpans 1757:It has been cited by 1751: 1736: 1705:of English nobles at 1641: 1616:Oglethorpe University 1544: 1498: 1379:Bernard de Montfaucon 1362: 1354: 1342: 1269:Odo, Bishop of Bayeux 1174: 1152: 1077: 1055:Cloth of Saint Gereon 1015:A monastic text from 1010:Överhogdal tapestries 990: 878: 777:start of the tapestry 744:couching or laid work 699:early medieval period 688: 594:withdrew from Paris, 535: 479:Bernard de Montfaucon 469: 302: 202: 32: 6122:Edward the Confessor 6020:Burning of Southwark 5898:International Gothic 5791:Petronėlė Gerlikienė 5730:Margaretha Reichardt 5690:Pieter van Aelst III 5515:Ros Tapestry Project 5477:Lady and the Unicorn 5070:Prestonpans Tapestry 4387:at Wikimedia Commons 4242:Jones, Chas (2005). 4168:Annales de Normandie 3758:Understanding Comics 3624:"Berkhamsted Castle" 3384:"Vikingerne kommer!" 3025:Mason, Emma (2004). 2562:Bridgeford, Andrew, 2376:. pp. 119–140. 1987:hyperspectral camera 1931:La Chanson de Roland 1863:Prestonpans Tapestry 1764:Understanding Comics 1669:, Sweden, living in 1451:Æthelred the Unready 1374:Harold II of England 1237:Edward the Confessor 1039:Tapestry of Creation 993:Tapestry of Creation 979:dispute this claim. 942:Edward the Confessor 880:Edward the Confessor 438:Edward the Confessor 382:St Augustine's Abbey 162:La telle du conquest 152:Tapisserie de Bayeux 6279:William of Poitiers 6229:Revolt of the Earls 6173:Battle, East Sussex 6152:Matilda of Flanders 6081:Eustace of Boulogne 5989:Sweyn II of Denmark 5827:Else Marie Jakobsen 5558:The Triumph of Fame 5505:Pastrana Tapestries 5499:Pastoral Amusements 5451:Hunt of the Unicorn 5378:Hunts of Maximilian 5349:Apocalypse Tapestry 5060:Overlord Embroidery 5033:Hastings Embroidery 4729:Tools and materials 4416:The Bayeux Tapestry 4215:The Bayeux Tapestry 3796:Ye Berlyn Tapestrie 3684:on 19 February 2014 3250:on 5 December 2018. 3244:The Weekly Standard 3177:"Stigand (d. 1072)" 3159:The Bayeux Tapestry 3051:The Bayeux Tapestry 2946:The Bayeux Tapestry 2721:Brown 1988, p. 153. 2682:The Bayeux Tapestry 2638:The Bayeux Tapestry 2326:The Bayeux Tapestry 2281:Fowke, Frank Rede. 2178:The Bayeux Tapestry 2017:House of the Dragon 1928:, Frank Cassenti's 1875:Hastings Embroidery 1845:Overlord Embroidery 1799:Ye Berlyn Tapestrie 1777:British comic strip 1468:Historical accuracy 1335:Unsettled questions 1053:of the month. The 972:William of Poitiers 902:, leading a mainly 764:end of the tapestry 608:liberation of Paris 568:Franco-Prussian War 370:Anglo-Saxon artists 251: /  41:'s army during the 6051:Leofwine Godwinson 6015:Battle of Hastings 5662:Pannemaeker family 5540:Sheldon tapestries 5483:New World Tapestry 5390:Cloth of St Gereon 5055:New World Tapestry 5006:Butler-Bowden Cope 4627: 4620: 4613: 4211:Gibbs-Smith, C. H. 3853:on 3 November 2014 3736:. 9 February 2013. 3404:. 8 September 2016 2703:Brown 1988, p. 48. 2694:Brown 1988, p. 47. 2324:Wilson, David M.: 2232:. Hourly History. 2143:Textile & Text 2050:University of York 1934:, Kevin Reynolds' 1879:New World Tapestry 1849:Operation Overlord 1739: 1729:In popular culture 1665:Mia Hansson, from 1644: 1583:Reading, Berkshire 1551: 1507: 1367: 1357: 1349: 1274:Robert the Staller 1264:Leofwine Godwinson 1222:Archbishop Stigand 1184:Battle of Hastings 1180: 1177:Battle of Hastings 1158: 1088: 1001: 888:Battle of Hastings 884: 695: 545: 499:Smart Lethieullier 475: 308: 255:49.2744°N 0.7003°W 191:Battle of Hastings 47: 43:Battle of Hastings 6287: 6286: 6234:Council of London 6115:Associated people 6101:Roger de Breteuil 6091:Robert of Mortain 6056:Hereward the Wake 6005:Battle of Fulford 5926: 5925: 5857:Bernard van Orley 5802:Blind Man's Bluff 5705:John Henry Dearle 5564:Valois Tapestries 5423:Grödinge tapestry 5360:Armada tapestries 5293: 5292: 5163:Tetiana Protcheva 4746:Embroidery thread 4675:Embroidery stitch 4544:Drawn thread work 4504:Broderie anglaise 4383:Media related to 4342:Annuale Mediævale 4337:, pp. 32–42. 4287:978-0-500-25122-5 4266:978-1-84383-941-5 4252:978-1-904623-37-3 4235:978-0-7011-7463-7 4118:Bettina Bildhauer 4109:978-0-85115-509-8 4089:978-0-8027-7742-3 4075:978-1-4000-6549-3 3805:978-1-85124-416-4 3715:978-0-9516348-5-1 3549:978-1-913149-11-6 3448:Linton, Michael. 3320:. 22 January 2021 3194:(subscription or 3173:Cowdrey, H. E. J. 3135:John of Worcester 3082:(subscription or 3049:Bertrand, Simone 3011:978-1-84383-470-0 2823:. 17 January 2018 2640:. Boydell Press. 2391:978-1-78204-108-5 2358:978-1-84383-123-5 2239:978-1-5303-7624-7 2187:978-1-84383-163-1 1977:was broadcast by 1967:Angels in America 1916:, Anthony Mann's 1881:(1980–2000), the 1853:Normandy landings 1807:'s cover for the 1653:Westminster Abbey 1474:House of Normandy 1462:Adela of Normandy 1101:Mont Saint-Michel 580:Normandy landings 514:French Revolution 394:Mont Saint-Michel 327:ladies-in-waiting 275:rather than in a 16:(Redirected from 6365: 6270: 5979:Harold Godwinson 5953: 5946: 5939: 5930: 5929: 5862:François Quesnel 5842:Nancy Kozikowski 5761:François Boucher 5749:Tapestry artists 5652:Morris & Co. 5588: 5551:Story of Abraham 5510:Raphael Cartoons 5320: 5313: 5306: 5297: 5296: 5128:Constance Howard 5065:Oxburgh Hangings 4899: 4888: 4879: 4756:Perforated paper 4463: 4456: 4449: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4426: 4393:– Bayeux Museum 4382: 4373: 4368: 4367: 4366: 4330: 4311:10.2307/43632127 4260:. Boydell Press 4239: 4183: 4155:pp. 158–18. 4151: 4113: 4101: 4052: 4040: 4015:Backhouse, Janet 4000: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3965: 3957: 3951: 3950: 3944: 3937: 3928: 3927: 3921: 3919: 3914:. SparkNotes LLC 3904: 3898: 3897: 3869: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3858: 3849:. Archived from 3838: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3820:"The New Yorker" 3816: 3810: 3809: 3788: 3782: 3768: 3762: 3753: 3747: 3744: 3738: 3737: 3726: 3720: 3719: 3701: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3664: 3653: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3620: 3614: 3613: 3611: 3609: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3575: 3560: 3554: 3553: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3494: 3488: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3472: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3461: 3445: 3439: 3438: 3436: 3434: 3420: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3394: 3388: 3387: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3301: 3299: 3288:"Bayeux Gallery" 3284: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3264:. 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White 1447:Emma of Normandy 1166:motte and bailey 1051:personifications 1043:Girona Cathedral 983:Artistic context 964:Harold Godwinson 946:Emma of Normandy 929:(or Arlette), a 923:Duke of Normandy 913:William was the 892:Harold Godwinson 849: 667:French President 660:Heinrich Himmler 553:Charles Stothard 491:William Stukeley 450:Recorded history 334: 312:Bayeux Cathedral 268: 266: 265: 263: 262: 261: 260:49.2744; -0.7003 256: 252: 249: 248: 247: 244: 224:Bayeux Cathedral 181:in 1066, led by 171:Tapete Baiocense 164: 158: 142: 137: 136: 133: 132: 129: 126: 121: 120: 117: 114: 111: 108: 101: 93: 92: 89: 88: 85: 80: 79: 76: 73: 70: 67: 60: 21: 6373: 6372: 6368: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6363: 6362: 6308:Anglo-Saxon art 6293: 6292: 6291: 6288: 6283: 6255:Bayeux Tapestry 6243: 6187: 6183:Tower of London 6156: 6110: 6086:Eadric the Wild 6041:Gyrth Godwinson 6029: 5993: 5984:Harald Hardrada 5962: 5960:Norman Conquest 5957: 5927: 5922: 5871: 5744: 5682: 5676: 5615: 5589: 5580: 5525:Sampul tapestry 5433:Hestia Tapestry 5365:Bayeux Tapestry 5329: 5324: 5294: 5289: 5248: 5197: 5138:François Lesage 5091: 5075:Quaker Tapestry 5038:Hestia tapestry 5016:Bradford carpet 5011:Bayeux Tapestry 4994: 4965:Opus Anglicanum 4785: 4741:Embroidery hoop 4724: 4715:Straight stitch 4628: 4603: 4472: 4467: 4421: 4391:Bayeux Tapestry 4385:Bayeux Tapestry 4369: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4354: 4236: 4110: 4037: 4025:, eds. (1984). 4023:Webster, Leslie 4009: 4007:Further reading 4004: 4003: 3993: 3991: 3981: 3977: 3958: 3954: 3939: 3938: 3931: 3917: 3915: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3870: 3866: 3856: 3854: 3839: 3835: 3825: 3823: 3818: 3817: 3813: 3806: 3789: 3785: 3769: 3765: 3754: 3750: 3745: 3741: 3728: 3727: 3723: 3716: 3702: 3698: 3687: 3685: 3678:"Castle Panels" 3676: 3668: 3666: 3662: 3651: 3647: 3646: 3642: 3632: 3630: 3622: 3621: 3617: 3607: 3605: 3587: 3583: 3573: 3571: 3561: 3557: 3550: 3536: 3532: 3521: 3517: 3507: 3505: 3495: 3491: 3481: 3479: 3474: 3473: 3469: 3459: 3457: 3446: 3442: 3432: 3430: 3422: 3421: 3417: 3407: 3405: 3396: 3395: 3391: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3367: 3365: 3360: 3359: 3355: 3345: 3343: 3338: 3337: 3333: 3323: 3321: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3268:on 19 July 2011 3260: 3259: 3255: 3238: 3237: 3233: 3223: 3221: 3220:on 31 July 2019 3208: 3207: 3203: 3193: 3170: 3166: 3155: 3151: 3144: 3129: 3125: 3118: 3109:Orderic Vitalis 3104: 3095: 3091: 3081: 3061: 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1383:interfectus est 1355:Detail of arrow 1337: 1319: 1313: 1308: 1259: 1232:Edith of Wessex 1208: 1206:People depicted 1105:Dol de Bretagne 1072: 1070:Events depicted 1067: 1059:Byzantine silks 1047:Book of Genesis 985: 873: 868: 863: 862: 861: 855: 850: 683: 670:Emmanuel Macron 653:Charles Dickens 645:John Murray III 616: 518:Reign of Terror 452: 434:Edith of Wessex 414:Opus Anglicanum 398:Trajan's Column 380:, the abbot of 297: 292: 259: 257: 253: 250: 245: 242: 240: 238: 237: 235: 140: 123: 105: 96: 95: 82: 64: 55: 54: 51:Bayeux Tapestry 23: 22: 18:Bayeux tapestry 15: 12: 11: 5: 6371: 6361: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6338:Romanesque art 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6289: 6285: 6284: 6282: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6262: 6257: 6251: 6249: 6245: 6244: 6242: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6219:Danish attacks 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6195: 6193: 6189: 6188: 6186: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6164: 6162: 6158: 6157: 6155: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6137:Edgar Ætheling 6134: 6132:Edith the 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612: 600:Bletchley Park 522:Musée Napoléon 503:Andrew Ducarel 451: 448: 366: 365: 362: 359: 325:wife, and her 296: 293: 291: 288: 284:Romanesque art 37:rallying Duke 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6370: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6300: 6298: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6269: 6268: 6263: 6261: 6260:Domesday Book 6258: 6256: 6253: 6252: 6250: 6248:Miscellaneous 6246: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6196: 6194: 6190: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6165: 6163: 6159: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6119: 6117: 6113: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6096:Ralph de Gael 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6046:Odo of Bayeux 6044: 6042: 6039: 6038: 6036: 6032: 6026: 6023: 6021: 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H. 4016: 4012: 4011: 3990: 3986: 3979: 3971: 3970: 3964: 3960:Elmes, John. 3956: 3948: 3943: 3936: 3934: 3926: 3913: 3909: 3903: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3868: 3852: 3848: 3844: 3837: 3821: 3815: 3807: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3792:Hassall, John 3787: 3780: 3778: 3773: 3767: 3760: 3759: 3752: 3743: 3735: 3731: 3725: 3717: 3711: 3707: 3700: 3683: 3679: 3661: 3657: 3656:Castle Panels 3650: 3644: 3629: 3625: 3619: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3585: 3570: 3566: 3559: 3551: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3526: 3519: 3504: 3503:Dereham Times 3500: 3493: 3477: 3471: 3455: 3451: 3444: 3429: 3425: 3419: 3403: 3399: 3393: 3385: 3379: 3363: 3357: 3341: 3335: 3319: 3315: 3309: 3293: 3289: 3283: 3267: 3263: 3257: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3235: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3205: 3197: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3168: 3160: 3153: 3139: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3113: 3110: 3099: 3093: 3085: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3059: 3052: 3046: 3038: 3032: 3028: 3021: 3013: 3007: 3003: 2996: 2981: 2977: 2971: 2964: 2960: 2955: 2947: 2943: 2936: 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Index

Bayeux tapestry

Bishop Odo
William
Battle of Hastings
UK
/bˈjɜː,b-/
US
/ˈbj,ˈb-/
B(A)Y-yoo
French
[tapisʁidəbajø]
Latin
embroidered
Norman Conquest of England
William, Duke of Normandy
Harold II, King of England
Battle of Hastings
Romanesque
tituli
Odo of Bayeux
Bayeux Cathedral
Bayeux
Normandy
49°16′28″N 0°42′01″W / 49.2744°N 0.7003°W / 49.2744; -0.7003
embroidered
tapestry
weave
Romanesque art

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