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The path to war was first triggered by
Pizarro's native interpreters, who warned him, perhaps falsely, that several Punian chiefs had gathered to plan an insurrection. Pizarro had the chiefs captured, interrogated, and, apparently satisfied with their guilt, delivered to their traditional enemies at
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in April. Received with quiet hostility by Incas who had perhaps been alerted to the acts of pillage and plunder committed on the fringes of the Empire by the invaders, the
Spaniards, deeming it unsafe to remain in Tumbes, relocated their camp to the nearby island of Puna in preparation for an
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According to
Spanish sources, the warrior class of Puná, maddened with rage, immediately rushed to arms and stormed the Spanish camp, charging in the thousands. It seemed that the diminutive Spanish force would surely be overwhelmed and scattered. But what the Spaniards lacked in numbers they
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to his standard and spurred his horse into a charge. The
Spanish cavalry sliced through native ranks with devastating effect. Within minutes, the Punians were in full rout.
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Initially, the
Spanish occupation of the island proceeded without bloodshed. The natives of Puna were a warrior people who, reluctantly bowing before the might of the
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Pizzaro, P., 1571, Relation of the
Discovery and Conquest of the Kingdoms of Peru, Vol. 1-2, New York: Cortes Society, RareBooksClub.com,
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427:, soon arrived by sea (with at least a hundred volunteers), and on these ships the Spaniards, bound for more fruitful conquests on the
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to some success, destroying
Spanish provisions and waylaying several scouts. Two Spanish ships with reinforcements, however, under
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eclipsed in armaments and discipline. As the natives approached, many were met head on with deadly rows of lowered
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state, though periods of friction and even open warfare had frequently erupted with the Incas out on the mainland.
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inhabitants. The battle marked the beginning of
Pizarro's third and final expedition before the fall of the
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mainland, embarked without incident and sailed back towards Tumbez, arriving there on May 16, 1532.
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throughout which many had fallen to virulence, predation, and other hazards, had docked at the
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The
History of North and South America: From Its Discovery to the Death of General Washington
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Prescott, W.H., 2011, The
History of the Conquest of Peru, Digireads.com Publishing,
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The natives regrouped in the island's forests and thenceforth waged a
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Tumbes where they were duly massacred by the Incas.
355:army, following a long and difficult journey from
16:Battle in the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
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248:Conflicts between conquistadors and rebellions
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375:, had intermittently accepted the status of
319:, was fought in April 1531 on the island of
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412:, sensing the enemy falter, mustered his
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186:Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
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532:Battles involving the Inca Empire
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1:
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311:, a peripheral engagement of
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557:1531 in the Spanish Empire
368:assault on the Inca city.
475:Snowden, Richard (2008),
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290:End of the Neo-Inca state
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441:Spanish conquest of Peru
29:Spanish conquest of Peru
552:16th century in Ecuador
537:Battles involving Spain
481:, Nabu Press, p. 154,
110:Commanders and leaders
547:1531 in South America
142:Casualties and losses
542:Conflicts in 1531
313:Francisco Pizarro
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197:Major engagements
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116:Francisco Pizarro
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425:Hernando de Soto
410:Hernando Pizarro
323:(in the Gulf of
317:conquest of Peru
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120:Hernando Pizarro
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81:Spanish victory
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408:. At length,
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105:Puná natives
90:Belligerents
27:Part of the
373:Inca Empire
341:Inca Empire
259:Las Salinas
526:Categories
447:References
406:musketeers
347:Background
337:indigenous
296:Vilcabamba
232:Chimborazo
227:Maraycalla
217:Vilcaconga
53:April 1531
414:cavaliers
377:tributary
325:Guayaquil
284:Chuquinga
237:2nd Cusco
222:1st Cusco
212:Cajamarca
67:Guayaquil
435:See also
429:Peruvian
402:Flanders
363:city of
269:Iñaquito
147:3-4 dead
129:Strength
58:Location
353:Spanish
329:Ecuador
274:Huarina
254:Abancay
71:Ecuador
65:, near
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387:Battle
365:Tumbes
357:Panama
264:Chupas
124:Tumala
78:Result
398:Italy
394:pikes
327:) in
508:ISBN
483:ISBN
461:ISBN
400:and
361:Inca
351:The
321:Puná
307:The
207:Puná
63:Puná
50:Date
315:'s
134:168
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493:^
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176:e
169:t
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