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committed by the
Soviets to defend in front of Kalach included 160,000 men, some 400 tanks, and 2,200 guns and mortars, but suffered from serious shortages of anti-aircraft and anti-tank guns. Rifle divisions of the Stalingrad Front were in a perilous state, with over half of them understrength, ranging in strength between 300 and 4,000 men. Between the Volga and the Don, 57th Army was being reformed as the front reserve and the Headquarters, 38th and 28th Armies, together with those of their troops that had survived earlier battles, were being used as cadres for building the
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1100:. Advancing as part of Army Group B, the German Sixth Army pushed toward the town of Kalach on the Don River as a step toward the capture of Stalingrad. As defenders, the Soviets were reacting to German initiatives, but they knew Stalingrad was a German objective and were determined to defend the city as far forward as possible. To meet this goal, while the Soviets were generally withdrawing before the German offensive, they retained a bridgehead across the Don at Kalach with lines behind the Tsimla and Chir Rivers.
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1167:) returned to the offensive. On 23 July, Paulus submitted his plan to take Stalingrad. He proposed to sweep to the Don on both sides of Kalach, take bridgeheads on the run, and then drive a wedge of armor flanked by infantry across the remaining thirty miles. On 23 July the German main body started its advance toward the Don River. The Germans now met with increasing Soviet resistance from the 62nd and 64th Armies of the newly formed Stalingrad Front.
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claimed was well over 600. Soviet accounts confirm that strong tank forces were in the Kalach bridgehead, but not as many tanks as the
Germans claimed. Moskalenko's 1st Tank Army had 13th and 28th Tank Corps (with just over three hundred tanks) and one rifle division. 4th Tank Army, under General Major V. D. Kruchenkin, entered the battle on 28 July with one other tank corps, the 22nd Tank Corps, and pushed west against the XIV Panzer Corps.
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The German Sixth Army had ranged from north to south the VIII, XIV Panzer, LI, and XXIV Panzer Corps, commanding some 270,000 men, over 500 tanks, and 3,000 guns and mortars. The German forces had superior battle experience and excellent gunnery skills. Their movement and attacks enjoyed air support,
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The loss of the Kalach bridgehead brought the close-in defense of
Stalingrad nearer to actuality on the Soviet side, and the Stavka committed more of its reserves, totalling fifteen rifle divisions and three tank corps between 1 and 20 August. The losses suffered during the Battle of Kalach resulted
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Both Soviet tank armies and the 62nd Army suffered heavy losses during the battle. The German Sixth Army closed to the Don River and prepared to advance on
Stalingrad, but had also taken losses during the two-week battle. Among areas of Soviet resistance not cleared up was a small bridgehead across
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with two infantry divisions as the OKH reserve. On 4 August, when his mobile units had enough fuel to go about thirty miles, Paulus ordered the attack on the Kalach bridgehead to start on the 8th. However, the next day the OKH asked to have the attack start at least a day earlier because Hitler was
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near Kalach from the north and the south, all the while receiving immense support from Fiebig's air corps and parts of
Pflugbeil's. From the northeast and southwest, tight against the Don River, XIV and XXIV Panzer Corps struck into the Kalach bridgehead. Their spearheads made contact southwest of
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While XIV Panzer Corps was still waiting to refuel, 60 Soviet tanks cut the road behind it, and German 3d and 60th
Motorized Divisions, the ones closest to Kalach, became entangled with 200 Soviet tanks. The army chief of staff told the army group operations chief, "For the moment a certain crisis
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On the 24th, VIII Corps cleared the northern quarter of the Don bend except for a Soviet bridgehead at
Serafimovich and another around Kremenskaya and Sirotinskaya. To the south, as the daily report put it, Sixth Army "consolidated," because XIV Panzer Corps ran out of motor fuel and the infantry
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The German forces experienced continuing ammunition shortages, caused by the extraordinarily large numbers of Soviet tanks they were meeting in the Kalach bridgehead. XIV Panzer Corps alone claimed to have knocked out 482 Soviet tanks in the last eight days of the month, and the total Sixth Army
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country west and northwest of Kalach. The terrain of the battlefield is mostly open with occasional treelines that obscure lines of sight and fire. The land rolls slightly and exhibits small rises with an average elevation of 100 to 200 meters above sea level. Cross country vehicular movement is
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Soviet opposition in the Don bend was still weak, but it was increasing. 62nd Army had 6 rifle divisions, a tank brigade, and 6 independent tank battalions on its half of the line, and 64th Army had 2 rifle divisions and a tank brigade. To the north of the 62nd Army was the 63rd Army. The force
1465:) between 28 June and 1 July 1942 for the 16th and 24th Panzer Divisions and the 3rd and 60th Motorized Divisions show 72 Panzer II, 237 Panzer III, and 71 Panzer IV tanks in total. However, the Soviets may have included assault guns and self-propelled tank destroyers in their count of "tanks".
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the
Germans began systematically destroying the surrounded Soviet forces. The pocket was wiped out in four days, by 11 August. Nearly 50,000 prisoners were taken, and the Germans claimed the destruction of a thousand Soviet tanks and 750 guns, although the claims of destroyed Soviet tanks are
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tanks. A lack of commanding terrain and structures made observation for artillery fire challenging and rewarded the opponent who could fly aerial observation missions. In the event, the German forces enjoyed air superiority over the Kalach battlefield with the commitment of the entire
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noted in his diary, "Sixth Army's striking power is paralyzed by ammunition and fuel supply difficulties." During this phase, the
Soviets fought at a disadvantage as the Luftwaffe dominated the air over the Kalach Bridgehead and repeatedly struck the 1st and 4th Tank Armies.
1117:, steep stream banks that have been strongly cut by erosion. Between the treelines and balkas, the countryside is agricultural with occasional villages and fewer towns. The relatively open nature of the terrain favors long-range direct fire weapons such as the long
1186:, bearing in toward Kalach, reported 200 enemy tanks in its path and claimed to have knocked out 40 during the day. The German advance of 23 July caved in part of the 62nd Army's front and encircled two rifle divisions and a tank brigade of the army.
1391:. The Soviet aircraft were prematurely committed to the fight immediately upon arrival and were promptly and easily destroyed by the experienced German aviators. The disparity in effectiveness between the combatants became evident on 12 August when
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has developed." At the day's end, XIV Panzer, LI, and XXIV Panzer Corps were ranged shoulder to shoulder on the
Stalingrad axis, but the Russians were still holding a forty-mile-wide and twenty-mile-deep bridgehead from Kalach to
164:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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The hasty Soviet attacks failed to throw the Germans back, but they forced the German advance to halt and compelled the German units to engage in combat at a time when their stocks of supplies were low. By 30 July, General
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representative. The 1st Tank Army was given the mission of pushing to the northwest, relieving the encirclement of the 62nd Army forces, and cutting off elements of the XIV Panzer Corps that had reached the Don.
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1448:) and English-language historiography. The Soviet history of World War II (История второй мировой войны 1939–1945 в двенадцати томах) considers the battles at Kalach to have been the initial blows of the
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and Hungarian units under his command authority. Both Paulus and Weichs were highly optimistic about the success of the offensive. Weichs and Richthofen carefully coordinated an all-out land-air
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The German Sixth Army had been running into and over 62nd and 64th Armies' outposts since 17 July without knowing it. On the 23rd, Sixth Army hit the Soviet main line east of the
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destroyed 25 of 26 Soviet aircraft that attacked German airfields that day, suffering no losses in turn. No German losses were sustained the next day either as
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in the disbandment (for the time being) of the 1st Tank Army, the remnants of which were used to partially rebuild the 62nd Army starting on 17 August.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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While waiting for its motor fuel and ammunition stocks to be replenished, Sixth Army was getting Headquarters, XI Corps, which had been held at
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with impunity, destroying 20 Soviet aircraft on the ground on 10 August alone, the technically and numerically inferior Soviet
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achieving nothing thanks to losing its 447 replacement aircraft from 20 July to 17 August as fast as it received them. The
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Map showing the German (blue) attack in August 1942 that surrounded the Soviet (red) 62nd Army at the Battle of Kalach.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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but the Sixth Army had temporarily outrun its supplies, particularly in the cases of fuel and ammunition.
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the Don at Kremenskaya. Months later, this bridgehead became one of the launching points for
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had poor logistical systems, a low level of crew training and abysmal standards for army-air
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could not make headway against stiffening resistance north and east of Kalach. General Major
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worried that the Soviet troops would escape across the Don if Paulus waited longer.
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1824:. Translated by Tony Le Tissier. Pen and Sword Books Ltd. pp. 33–34, 39–40.
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2012:
Stopped At Stalingrad: The Luftwaffe and Hitler's Defeat in the East, 1942–1943
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also ordered Richthofen to support 6th Army's new attack at Kalach west of the
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destroyed 35 of 45 Soviet aircraft that tried to attack the German airfields.
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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considered a little exaggerated. These losses threw the Soviet leader
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Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939–1945
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with the objectives of occupying the Don Basin, Stalingrad, and the
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on Kalach, which Richthofen planned to hit with everything he had.
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provided 6th Army with constant and effective air support, bombing
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mercilessly hammered the trapped Soviet troops and vehicles while
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Colonel K. A. Zhuravlev, commander of «Zhuravlev group»
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personally praised Pickert's close cooperation with his army.
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between July 25 and August 11, 1942. The Soviets deployed the
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that kept clear of Fiebig's fighters. 6th Army's commander,
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2005:. Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik.
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Ostkrieg: Hitler's War of Extermination in the East
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1063:with the intent of impeding the German advance on
2096:Боевой состав Советской Армии на 1 август 1942 г.
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1350:Air support in the battle was crucial. Fiebig's
2138:The German Sixth Army on the Way to Catastrophe
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1292:on 7 August. Richthofen flew first to Paulus's
1896:Barbarossa The Russian-German Conflict 1941–45
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182:accompanying your translation by providing an
148:Click for important translation instructions.
135:expand this article with text translated from
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1300:'s headquarters, where the supreme commander
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194:{{Translated|ru|Сражение у Калача-на-Дону}}
2086:Moscow to Stalingrad: Decision in the East
2084:Earl F. Ziemke and Magna E. Bauer (1987).
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2145:Satellite view of the Kalach battlefield.
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1031:Terrain by the Don River south of Kalach.
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106:Learn how and when to remove this message
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599:At least 270 thousand military personnel
2170:Tank battles involving the Soviet Union
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2009:
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1304:was furious at the listlessness of the
879:• 137th Tank BrigadeTerrain near Kalach
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1371:bombed the Soviet railway network and
2039:Panzers and Artillery in World War II
1801:When Titans Clashed, pp. 121 and 344.
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44:adding citations to reliable sources
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1820:Adam, Wilhelm; Ruhle, Otto (2015).
669:150-160 thousand military personnel
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2115:Ziemke, Earl F; Bauer, Magna E.
2109: This article incorporates
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1962:. University Press of Kentucky.
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1986:. University Press of Kansas.
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1039:took place between the German
793:Soviet forces (August 1, 1942)
723:German forces (August 5, 1942)
705:560 guns destroyed or captured
192:You may also add the template
1:
2195:Encirclements in World War II
2058:The Russo-German War, 1941–45
1919:Stalingrad: the fateful Siege
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1130:under the command of General
1092:, the Germans launched their
2190:Tank battles of World War II
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1121:that were mounted on German
843:• 33rd Guards Rifle Division
7:
2037:George F. Nafziger (1999).
1446:Kesselschlacht bei Kalatsch
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1043:and elements of the Soviet
875:• 154th Naval Rifle Brigade
10:
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2020:University Press of Kansas
2001:Andrei A. Grechko (1978).
1103:
873:• 66th Naval Rifle Brigade
156:Machine translation, like
1958:Stephen G. Fritz (2011).
1943:. Yale University Press.
1822:With Paulus at Stalingrad
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773:• 295th Infantry Division
765:• 297th Infantry Division
753:• 60th Motorized Division
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249:July 25 – August 11, 1942
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137:the corresponding article
2185:1942 in military history
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1108:The battlefield was the
771:• 44th Infantry Division
763:• 76th Infantry Division
761:• 71st Infantry Division
751:• 3rd Motorized Division
388:W. von Seydlitz-Kurzbach
1810:stalingrad.net webpage.
1771:stalingrad.net webpage.
684:1st and 4th Tank Armies
203:For more guidance, see
2111:public domain material
2056:Albert Seaton (1970).
1940:The Road to Stalingrad
1937:John Erickson (1975).
1709:Erickson, pp. 365–366.
1552:49.478472°N 43.45472°E
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1267:ground-attack aircraft
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871:• 229th Rifle Division
869:• 214th Rifle Division
867:• 208th Rifle Division
865:• 204th Rifle Division
863:• 112th Rifle Division
853:• 196th Rifle Division
851:• 192nd Rifle Division
849:• 184th Rifle Division
847:• 181st Rifle Division
845:• 147th Rifle Division
837:• 205th Rifle Division
827:• 399th Rifle Division
825:• 131st Rifle Division
759:• 24th Panzer Division
749:• 16th Panzer Division
317:Commanders and leaders
2065:Georg Tessin (1974).
2060:. Praeger Publishers.
1875:Peter Antill (2007).
1600:49.25583°N 43.67083°E
1504:49.58861°N 42.74861°E
1317:At dawn on 7 August,
1302:Maximilian von Weichs
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1094:1942 summer offensive
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861:• 29th Rifle Division
835:• 18th Rifle Division
693:Casualties and losses
205:Knowledge:Translation
176:copyright attribution
2118:Moscow to Stalingrad
2010:Hayward, J. (1998).
1450:Battle of Stalingrad
1325:shredded the Soviet
1069:Battle of Stalingrad
989:Voronezh-Kastornensk
877:• 121st Tank Brigade
686:62nd and 64th Armies
228:Battle of Stalingrad
40:improve this article
2041:. Greenhill Books.
1983:When Titans Clashed
1894:Alan Clark (1985).
1595: /
1557:49.478472; 43.45472
1547: /
1499: /
1281:Kamensk-Shakhtinsky
1059:bridgehead west of
984:Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh
855:• 40th Tank Brigade
2180:August 1942 events
2123:United States Army
1605:49.25583; 43.67083
1509:49.58861; 42.74861
1263:anti-aircraft guns
1238:troop formations,
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698:5,000-6,000 killed
366:G. von Withersheim
184:interlanguage link
55:"Battle of Kalach"
2069:. Biblio Verlag.
2029:978-0-7006-1146-1
1969:978-0-8131-3416-1
1922:. Penguin Books.
1886:978-1-84603-028-4
1831:978-1-4738-3386-9
1762:Erickson, p. 367.
1736:Erickson, p. 365.
1727:Ostkrieg, p. 284.
1718:Ostkrieg, p. 283.
1691:Erickson, p. 364.
1397:Fliegerkorps VIII
1393:Fliegerkorps VIII
1381:Soviet Air Forces
1323:XXIV Panzer Corps
1259:9th Flak Division
1232:Fliegerkorps VIII
1090:Battle of Kharkov
1080:Operational goals
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819:• 13th Tank Corps
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1255:Wolfgang Pickert
1192:K. S. Moskalenko
1184:XIV Panzer Corps
1165:Friedrich Paulus
1045:Stalingrad Front
1037:Battle of Kalach
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1978:David M. Glantz
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1877:Stalingrad 1942
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701:35,000 captured
688:ca. 160,000 men
687:
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554:4th Panzer Army
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1362:Heinkel He 111
1352:Junkers Ju 87
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1128:VIII Air Corps
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96:September 2013
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591:8th Air Corps
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133:You can help
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57: –
56:
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51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
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2117:
2100:
2099:
2085:
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2011:
2002:
1982:
1959:
1939:
1918:
1895:
1876:
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1821:
1815:
1806:
1797:
1790:Hayward 1998
1785:
1776:
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1751:Hayward 1998
1732:
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1696:
1687:
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1611:Sirotinskaya
1576:
1539:49°28′42.5″N
1528:
1515:Serafimovich
1480:
1462:
1457:
1437:
1433:
1414:
1406:
1396:
1392:
1377:8th Air Army
1358:dive bombers
1353:
1349:
1345:Josef Stalin
1338:. Joined by
1336:encirclement
1316:
1309:
1298:Army Group B
1296:and then to
1294:command post
1278:
1270:
1252:Generalmajor
1251:
1242:, vehicles,
1231:
1229:
1220:Franz Halder
1216:
1212:
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1177:
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1119:75-mm cannon
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767:
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745:
425:V. N. Gordov
423:
415:
330:
322:
310:Soviet Union
280:Belligerents
236:World War II
226:Part of the
180:edit summary
171:
144:(April 2023)
142:
134:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2101:Attribution
1603: /
1563:Kremenskaya
1555: /
1507: /
1311:Schwerpunkt
1209:Nizhny Chir
1198:present as
1138:Deployments
1053:64th Armies
1008:3rd Kharkov
967:Izbushensky
956:Fischreiher
923:3rd Kharkov
799:Parent unit
729:Parent unit
377:K. Strecker
230:during the
2154:Categories
1879:. Osprey.
1869:References
1609: (
1590:43°40′15″E
1587:49°15′21″N
1561: (
1542:43°27′17″E
1513: (
1494:42°44′55″E
1491:49°35′19″N
1327:front line
1196:Vasilevsky
1180:Chir River
1065:Stalingrad
1041:Sixth Army
972:Stalingrad
945:2nd Rostov
811:Components
741:Components
734:Sixth Army
679:Sixth Army
332:Fp. Paulus
139:in Russian
66:newspapers
1898:. Quill.
1626:Citations
1473:Locations
1425:Footnotes
1403:Aftermath
1373:airfields
1332:62nd Army
1290:Don River
1261:used its
1244:artillery
1123:Panzer IV
1057:Don River
919:Case Blue
858:64th Army
840:62nd Army
631:64th Army
621:62nd Army
581:Luftwaffe
198:talk page
1980:(1995).
1916:(1998).
1463:Nafziger
1236:Red Army
1098:Caucasus
1088:and the
1075:Planning
950:Caucasus
940:Voronezh
768:LI Corps
674:Strength
502:6th Army
355:W. Geitz
262:, Russia
258:West of
254:Location
174:provide
1389:liaison
1306:Italian
1104:Terrain
564:24th TK
542:51st AK
532:14th AK
522:11th AK
344:G. Goth
295:Germany
196:to the
178:in the
141:.
80:scholar
2073:
2045:
2026:
1990:
1966:
1947:
1926:
1902:
1883:
1828:
1442:German
1334:in an
1286:Hitler
1200:Stavka
1159:Battle
1132:Fiebig
1115:balkas
1110:steppe
1086:Crimea
1061:Kalach
995:Gallop
962:Kalach
661:8th VA
651:4th TA
641:1st TA
512:8th AK
307:
292:
268:Result
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
2113:from
1420:Notes
1354:Stuka
1240:tanks
1055:in a
158:DeepL
87:JSTOR
73:books
2071:ISBN
2043:ISBN
2024:ISBN
1988:ISBN
1964:ISBN
1945:ISBN
1924:ISBN
1900:ISBN
1881:ISBN
1826:ISBN
1387:and
1364:and
1321:and
1151:and
1051:and
1049:62nd
1035:The
1002:Star
935:Blue
246:Date
172:must
170:You
59:news
2090:GPO
1319:XIV
1257:'s
1224:OKH
1222:at
1149:1st
921:to
234:of
160:or
42:by
2156::
2121:.
2088:.
2022:.
2018::
2014:.
1741:^
1444::
1134:.
1071:.
2125:.
2092:.
2079:.
2051:.
2032:.
1996:.
1972:.
1953:.
1932:.
1908:.
1889:.
1834:.
1613:)
1565:)
1517:)
1452:.
910:e
903:t
896:v
207:.
200:.
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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