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791:(the Tagalog word also means "shadow") area under the living space for a number of reasons, the most important of which are to create a buffer area for rising waters during floods and to prevent pests such as rats from getting up to the living area. This section of the house is often used for storage, and sometimes for raising farm animals, and thus may or may not be fenced off.
714:
was elevated above ground or water on stilts as protection from pests, predators and floods, and usually consisted of one room where the whole family would dine, sleep and do other household activities; thus, access to the hut was by ladder. The roof was made of palm leaves smoked for waterproofing
1142:
The song is a generalization of what a nipa hut would have looked like during the pre-colonial era: a house surrounded by locally cultivated plants. This does not take into account the early and diverse variants of native royalties, particularly those of the
Mindanao region which has heavy Islamic
749:
a natural cooling effect even during the dry season. The steep pitch allows water to flow down quickly at the height of the monsoon season while the long eaves give people a limited space to move about around the house's exterior when it rains. The steep pitch of the roofs is often used to explain
539:
Distinction between each tribes and cultures' style may have been more visible during the pre-hispanic period. Different architectural designs are present among each ethnolinguistic group in what is now the
Philippines and throughout the Southeast Asia and Pacific as part of the whole Austronesian
582:
Christianized peoples such as the
Tagalogs, Visayans, Ilocanos, Kapampangans, Bicolanos, Cagayanons, Mestizos, Criollos, Chinese and Japanese were send to live in the lowlands. This established a community with most population of Austronesian origin, each having their own distinct traditions of
1177:
in
Chicago, the first metal-framed skyscraper in the United States. Because of this, he became known as "The Father of Modern American Skyscrapers", and the Home Insurance building would become the predecessor of all the modern skyscrapers in the world, showing how important the
1152:
647:
influence. Its design evolved throughout the ages but maintained its nipa hut architectural roots. Its most common appearance is like that of stilt nipa hut that stands on
Spanish style stone blocks or bricks as a foundation instead of wood or bamboo stilts.
715:
and consisted of long steep eaves to allow water to flow down more easily. The windows to the hut were large to allow cool air in. Similar conditions in
Philippine lowland areas have led to characteristics "typical" of examples of
655:, followed the nipa hut's arrangements such as open ventilation and elevated apartments. It was popular among the elite or middle class and integrated the characteristics of the nipa hut with the style, culture, and technology of
2023:
888:
are typically built with large windows, to let in more air and natural light. The most traditional are large awning windows, held open by a wooden rod. Sliding windows are also common, made either with plain wood or with
547:
and environment of the
Philippines. These structures were temporary, made from plant materials like bamboo. The accessibility of the materials made it easier to rebuild when damaged by a storm or earthquake.
924:("wet area" or "pantaw") distinct from other sections of the house—usually jutting out somewhat from one of the walls. Sometimes at the same level as the living area and sometimes at ground level, the
583:
Austronesian architecture, dating back even before the
Hispanic period. They collectively evolved a style of construction that soon became synonymous with the lowland culture architecture known as
745:
is tall and steeply pitched, with an apex called the "angkub" and long eaves descending from it. A tall roof creates space above the living area through which warm air could rise, giving the
994:
The walls of the living area are made of light materials. Posts, walls, and floors are typically made of wood or bamboo and other light materials. The thatched roof is often made of
2057:
666:
During the 19th century, wealthy
Filipinos built houses with solid stone foundations or brick lower walls, and overhanging. Wooden upper story/stories with balustrades. The
856:
arises from the fact that it is easiest to pre-build the walls and then attach them to the wooden stilt-posts that serve as the corners of the house. The construction of a
1470:
849:", "sawali", or “kalakat” in Cebuano. As such, they tend to let some coolness flow naturally through them during hot times and keep warmth in during the cold wet season.
3128:
601:
The new community also setup made construction using heavier, more permanent materials desirable. Some of these materials included bricks, mortar, tiles and stone.
438:
1818:
1723:
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374:
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325:
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was constructed out of brick and stone rather than the traditional bamboo materials. It is a mixture of native
Filipino, and Spanish influences.
201:
604:
Finding European construction styles impractical in local conditions, Spanish and Filipino builders quickly adapted the characteristics of the
1759:
1939:
1817:
Cangas, Janet L.; Guevarra, Kyla Grail F.; Pascual, Mesheya Joy G.; Tacata, Yvonne A.; Bricia, Mark Vincent D.; Villano, Ian James (2013).
1169:
structures are very "light and flexible"; they only seem to dance and sway through storms. This inspired him to emulate the flexibility of
860:
is therefore usually modular, with the wooden stilts established first, a floor frame built next, then wall frames, and finally, the roof.
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1198:
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822:(ceiling) so that hot air can rise straight into the large area just beneath the roof and out through strategically placed vents.
170:
1478:
906:(Spanish for "little window") underneath, which can be opened for ventilation to let in additional air on especially hot days.
703:
The hut was typically made of local building materials found in nature such as wood, bamboo and cogon grass. Similar to modern
1953:
1915:
1769:
221:
211:
112:
2099:
1833:
1640:"A Study on the Spatial Composition influenced by climatic conditions in 19C Bahay na Bato around Cebu city in Philippines"
902:
667:
258:
2135:
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1341:
692:
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360:
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982:
3113:
1693:
Castronuevo, Ryan B.; Lim, Roxanne Mae C.; Mediarito, Bryan Christian; Villareal, Kommel; Zapanta, Carmelo Jr. (2020).
253:
2418:
1941:
Tagalog for Beginners: An Introduction to Filipino, the National Language of the Philippines (Online Audio included)
1837:
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2371:
107:
1731:
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which allow some light to enter the living area even with the windows closed. In more recent decades inexpensive
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150:
598:. Architectural designs and furnishings varied from standard Filipino, Chinese, Americas, European to eclectic.
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1877:
1404:
134:
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architectural style integrated with traditional Philippine style. Today these houses are more commonly called
2174:
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833:
315:
236:
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90:
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can contain any combination of cooking and dishwashing area, bathing area and, in some cases, a lavatory.
2489:
1244:. Other examples of native Austronesian architecture in the Philippines also include structures like the
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119:
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or some other locally plentiful plant. Thus, making it easier for the nipa huts to be moved if needed.
544:
418:
206:
85:
58:
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The main living area is designed to let in as much fresh air and natural light as possible. Smaller
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introduced the idea of building more permanent communities around church and government centers.
474:
300:
155:
1583:"A Study on the Vernacular Architecture in bahay na bato, Spanish Colonial Style in Philippines"
2164:
1221:
1038:
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will often have bamboo slat floors which allow cool air to flow into the living space from the
621:
95:
22:
3123:
2717:
2587:
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1907:
1043:
is often sung in schools, and is about a small house surrounded by vegetables, reading thus:
958:
earthen water-jars which are placed on a jutting structure of spaced bamboo or wooden slats.
175:
2129:
1695:"A Comprehension of Filipino Feng Shui Beliefs and its Relevance to Philippine Construction"
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2602:
2464:
1202:
656:
560:
248:
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8:
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by incorporating elements of the bahay na bato into their own designs especially seen in
1024:
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In larger examples, the large upper windows may be augmented with smaller windows called
879:
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The walls are always of light material such as wood, bamboo rods, or bamboo mats called "
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A nipa hut is an icon of Philippine culture as it represents the Filipino value of
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196:
1165:
visited the Philippines for three months in 1850. He noticed that during a storm,
68:
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1028:, which refers to a spirit of communal unity or effort to achieve an objective.
659:. The differences between the two houses were their foundational materials. The
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2304:
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481:("hut" or " country hut") is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kubu, "field hut ".
2094:
30:
3118:
3107:
3078:
2552:
2497:
2360:
636:
426:
2851:
2392:
1593:: 135–144 – via Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information.
674:
were both native Filipino influences on the design. The thatched nipa roof (
3045:
2977:
2940:
2839:
2702:
2562:
2423:
1865:
Imagining human rights in twenty-first-century theater: global perspectives
1366:
477:*balay referring to "public building" or "community house"; while the term
2519:
2224:
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eruption, when more 'modern' houses collapsed from the weight of the ash.
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Raised up on hardwood stilts which serve as the main posts of the house,
707:, vernacular and superstitious reasons for the materials are considered.
687:
Bahay na bato had a rectangular plan that reflected the Hispano-American
414:
410:
2294:
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in 1879 when he built the first lighter building. In 1884, he built the
936:
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2261:
1431:"Green by Design: Sustainable Living through Filipino Architecture"
1098:
1094:
1059:
777:
556:
1702:
International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research
1656:– via Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information.
680:) is often replaced with Spanish-style curved clay tiles known as
2884:
2869:
2829:
2682:
2299:
2289:
1361:
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953:
21:
This article is about the Filipino house. For the folk song, see
1692:
968:
A granary detached from the house where harvested rice is kept.
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814:
is not usually used for items which produce strong smells). A
594:, later known by the Americans as nipa huts, to mansions like
3015:
2814:
2757:
2692:
2637:
2632:
2622:
2617:
2607:
2577:
2557:
2319:
2256:
2149:
1541:"The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: A Work in Progress"
1502:"The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: A Work in Progress"
1113:
1090:
920:, especially those built for long-term residences, feature a
330:
1669:"Here's A Complete List Of The 46 Parts of A Filipino House"
3035:
3020:
2834:
2824:
2677:
2349:
1816:
2520:
1151:
591:
493:
485:
1399:, Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, 2011. 369.
528:
2782:
1471:"THE BAYANIHAN: Art Installation at Daniel Spectrum"
1397:
Encyclopedia of Asian American folklore and folklife
38:
from the Mabini Shrine, a recreation of a home that
1018:", working together to move a house to new location
563:, Spanish colonial era mansion, a "1st Transition -
3129:Wooden buildings and structures in the Philippines
1730:. Alojado Publishing International. Archived from
934:used for cooking and washing dishes were known as
608:and combined it with Spanish architectural style.
3105:
2414:Martyrs and heroes during the martial law period
2189:Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa
2095:Eight minute video of building a modern Nipa hut
2047:
1761:Southeast Asian Houses: Embracing Urban Context
1891:
1889:
1048:
2505:
2115:
2048:Mauricio-Arriola, Tessa (February 20, 2019).
1868:(1st ed.). Basingstoke ; New York:
510:) material often used for the roofs, not all
368:
2024:"William Le Baron Jenney | Encyclopedia.com"
1538:
1499:
1899:Musical Renderings of the Philippine Nation
1886:
2512:
2498:
2122:
2108:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1717:
1715:
1477:. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Archived from
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
375:
361:
1651:
1464:
1462:
971:
1708:(1): 20–24 – via Research Publish.
1539:Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2013).
1500:Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2013).
1428:
1220:
1150:
1009:
1005:
981:
870:
832:
767:
729:
615:
555:
524:Austronesian peoples § Architecture
437:
29:
1937:
1746:
1712:
1660:
1409:
1216:
794:
3106:
1895:
1819:"Disaster-Resistant Modern Bahay Kubo"
1459:
488:", introduced during the Philippines'
2493:
2103:
1861:
1758:Ju, Seo Ryeung (September 15, 2017).
863:
2060:from the original on January 9, 2022
2050:"UPDATE: National Artist Mañosa, 88"
1896:Castro, Christi-Anne (May 5, 2011).
1834:University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao
1666:
1633:
1631:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1576:
1574:
1493:
1468:
737:interior showing nipa leaves roofing
465:roughly means "country house", from
421:, its design heavily influenced the
2136:National symbols of the Philippines
1977:"Bahay Kubo (Philippine Kids Song)"
1721:
1637:
1580:
1532:
1342:Ancestral houses of the Philippines
825:
535:Ancestral houses of the Philippines
529:Classical period (pre-Hispanic era)
13:
2402:Declared from national legislation
2223:
1757:
1469:Cruz, Rachelle (August 23, 2013).
1429:Caruncho, Eric S. (May 15, 2012).
1199:Cultural Center of the Philippines
852:The cube shape distinctive of the
741:The traditional roof shape of the
698:
67:
14:
3145:
2526:designs and semi-permanent human
2076:
1724:"From Nipa Hut to House of Stone"
1628:
1608:
1597:
1571:
1189:also inspired architects such as
571:(space beneath the raised floors)
543:They were designed to endure the
514:are huts or used nipa materials.
3085:
3074:
3073:
2785:
2776:
2424:Veterans of the Second World War
2130:
2082:
1447:: Philippine Daily Inquirer, Inc
1232:have floors raised on houseposts
1161:American architect and engineer
722:
611:
344:
2041:
2016:
1991:
1969:
1931:
1855:
1810:
1785:
1686:
1347:Architecture of the Philippines
754:survived the ash fall from the
551:
1938:Barrios, Joi (July 15, 2014).
1389:
1053:ang halaman doon ay sari-sari:
1014:Community members practicing "
590:Appearance varies from simple
417:. Often serving as an icon of
1:
1999:"Chicago Architecture Center"
1826:Engineering Research Bulletin
1611:"Republic of the Philippines"
1382:
1357:Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar
447:
1722:Alojado, Jennibeth Montejo.
1130:Sa paligid-ligid ay puno ng
433:
16:Type of Filipino stilt house
7:
1335:
1211:Light Rail Transit stations
878:interior featuring sliding
672:capiz-shell sliding windows
567:style" house with a walled
504:leaves were the thatching (
446:with walls made of thatch,
10:
3150:
1653:10.5370/KIEE.2012.62.1.029
1143:architectural influences.
975:
961:
909:
532:
521:
517:
473:("house") is derived from
60:Culture of the Philippines
20:
3114:Houses in the Philippines
3069:
2993:
2903:
2850:
2802:
2774:
2534:
2432:
2401:
2380:
2370:
2234:
2221:
2142:
1862:Werth, Brenda G. (2013).
1436:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1242:Austronesian architecture
1146:
952:). It is named after the
841:(woven split-bamboo) wall
810:below (in which case the
761:
2763:Wigwam, wickiup and wetu
1638:Kim, Young Hoon (2013).
1581:Kim, Young-Hoon (2013).
1292:of the Bagobo Tagabawa;
1051:Bahay kubo, kahit munti,
818:may be built without an
3134:Vernacular architecture
3056:Vernacular architecture
2475:Sultan Dipatuan Kudarat
1904:Oxford University Press
1475:The Philippine Reporter
1377:Vernacular architecture
1175:Home Insurance Building
1163:William Le Baron Jenney
1156:William Le Baron Jenney
1049:
1031:
475:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
51:Part of a series on the
2228:
2165:Filipino Sign Language
1332:of Yakan; and others.
1233:
1158:
1140:
1019:
991:
972:Construction materials
882:
842:
780:
738:
633:
572:
453:
72:
43:
23:Bahay Kubo (folk song)
2583:Clochán (beehive hut)
2227:
1728:philippine-islands.ph
1395:Lee, Jonathan H. X.,
1224:
1154:
1103:At saka mayroon pang
1045:
1036:A famous folk song, "
1013:
1006:Cultural significance
985:
874:
836:
771:
733:
619:
559:
490:American colonial era
441:
331:Sport and martial art
71:
33:
2628:Icelandic turf house
2535:Traditional immobile
2465:Marcelo H. del Pilar
2091:at Wikimedia Commons
2028:www.encyclopedia.com
2003:www.architecture.org
1797:CulturEd Philippines
1557:10.1353/ol.2013.0016
1518:10.1353/ol.2013.0016
1217:Similar architecture
1203:National Arts Center
657:Spanish architecture
577:Spanish colonial era
561:Vega Ancestral House
423:Spanish colonial-era
171:Fashion and clothing
2419:National Heroes Day
1979:. Mama Lisa's World
1764:. Seoul Selection.
1545:Oceanic Linguistics
1506:Oceanic Linguistics
1481:on October 21, 2013
1276:of the Matigsalug;
1230:Austronesian houses
880:Capiz shell windows
639:developed from the
202:Cultural Properties
143:Arts and literature
3061:Village des Bories
2803:Traditional mobile
2433:From proposed laws
2409:Benigno Aquino Jr.
2229:
1870:Palgrave Macmillan
1843:on August 31, 2024
1234:
1159:
1020:
992:
942:Philippine Spanish
883:
843:
781:
739:
634:
575:The advent of the
573:
454:
419:Philippine culture
413:indigenous to the
351:Philippines portal
212:Historical markers
113:indigenous peoples
73:
44:
3101:
3100:
3001:Cabanes du Breuil
2487:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2440:Apolinario Mabini
2315:Malacañang Palace
2160:Filipino language
2087:Media related to
1955:978-1-4629-1039-7
1946:Tuttle Publishing
1917:978-0-19-987684-6
1771:978-1-62412-101-2
1734:on August 8, 2012
1667:Martinez, Glenn.
1615:Oxford Art Online
1240:is an example of
990:with bamboo walls
891:Capiz shell-panes
628:is an example of
407:Visayan languages
385:
384:
40:Apolinario Mabini
3141:
3089:
3077:
3076:
3011:Earth sheltering
2795:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2780:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2491:
2490:
2450:Emilio Aguinaldo
2388:Andrés Bonifacio
2378:
2377:
2208:Philippine pearl
2203:Philippine eagle
2134:
2133:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2101:
2100:
2086:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2054:The Manila Times
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1995:
1989:
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1984:
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1967:
1966:
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1962:
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1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1859:
1853:
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1850:
1848:
1842:
1836:. Archived from
1823:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1789:
1783:
1782:
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1778:
1755:
1744:
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1595:
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1569:
1568:
1536:
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1529:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1466:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1426:
1407:
1393:
1324:of the Maranao;
1191:Francisco Mañosa
1137:
895:jalousie windows
776:with stilts, in
693:ancestral houses
643:with noticeable
492:, refers to the
452:
449:
409:), is a type of
377:
370:
363:
348:
277:
61:
52:
46:
45:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3097:
3065:
3026:Skellig Michael
3006:Circular linhay
2989:
2973:Alpine club hut
2899:
2846:
2798:
2791:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2772:
2728:Sassi di Matera
2668:Musgum mud huts
2530:
2518:
2488:
2479:
2470:Melchora Aquino
2455:Gabriela Silang
2428:
2397:
2374:
2372:National heroes
2366:
2340:Philippine peso
2230:
2219:
2181:Lupang Hinirang
2138:
2131:
2128:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2063:
2061:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2005:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1872:. p. 207.
1860:
1856:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1821:
1815:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1756:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1720:
1713:
1697:
1691:
1687:
1677:
1675:
1665:
1661:
1636:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1609:Stott, Philip.
1607:
1598:
1579:
1572:
1537:
1533:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1467:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1427:
1410:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1352:Kawayan Torogan
1338:
1288:of Ovu-Manuvo;
1219:
1182:is in history.
1149:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1112:
1102:
1085:
1084:
1071:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1034:
1008:
980:
974:
966:
914:
897:became common.
869:
831:
800:
766:
728:
701:
699:Characteristics
614:
554:
537:
531:
526:
520:
456:
450:
436:
430:architecture.
381:
349:
275:
254:Public holidays
59:
50:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3147:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3083:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2994:Related topics
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2968:Wilderness hut
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2856:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2820:Shepherd's hut
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2793:Housing portal
2775:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2494:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2445:Corazon Aquino
2442:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2305:Juan dela Cruz
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2184:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2127:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2078:
2077:External links
2075:
2072:
2071:
2040:
2015:
1990:
1968:
1954:
1930:
1916:
1885:
1878:
1854:
1809:
1784:
1770:
1745:
1711:
1685:
1659:
1627:
1596:
1570:
1531:
1492:
1458:
1408:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1218:
1215:
1207:Coconut Palace
1195:Leandro Locsin
1148:
1145:
1046:
1033:
1030:
1007:
1004:
973:
970:
965:
960:
913:
908:
868:
862:
830:
824:
799:
798:(living space)
793:
765:
760:
727:
721:
700:
697:
613:
610:
553:
550:
540:architecture.
530:
527:
519:
516:
435:
432:
383:
382:
380:
379:
372:
365:
357:
354:
353:
341:
340:
339:
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333:
328:
323:
318:
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308:
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293:
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115:
110:
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98:
88:
80:
79:
75:
74:
64:
63:
55:
54:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3146:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3072:
3071:
3068:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2891:
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2868:
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2863:
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2858:
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2837:
2836:
2833:
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2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2794:
2783:
2779:
2769:
2766:
2764:
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2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:Beehive house
2551:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2361:Waling-waling
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:National Seal
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2125:
2120:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1978:
1972:
1957:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1934:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1890:
1881:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1858:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1773:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1716:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1674:
1670:
1663:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1644:KIEAE Journal
1641:
1634:
1632:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1592:
1588:
1587:KIEAE Journal
1584:
1577:
1575:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1535:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1512:(2). *balay.
1511:
1507:
1503:
1496:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1463:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1309:mala-a-walai,
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1268:of Kankanai;
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1157:
1153:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1017:
1012:
1003:
1001:
997:
989:
984:
979:
969:
964:
959:
957:
956:
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:
933:
929:
927:
923:
919:
912:
907:
905:
904:
898:
896:
892:
887:
881:
877:
873:
866:
861:
859:
855:
850:
848:
840:
835:
828:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
797:
792:
790:
786:
779:
775:
770:
764:
759:
757:
753:
748:
744:
736:
732:
725:
720:
718:
713:
708:
706:
696:
694:
690:
685:
683:
682:teja de curva
679:
678:
673:
669:
664:
662:
661:bahay na bato
658:
654:
653:bahay na bato
649:
646:
642:
638:
637:Bahay na bato
631:
630:bahay na bato
627:
623:
618:
612:Bahay na bato
609:
607:
602:
599:
597:
596:bahay na bato
593:
588:
586:
580:
578:
570:
566:
565:bahay na bato
562:
558:
549:
546:
541:
536:
525:
515:
513:
509:
508:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
445:
440:
431:
429:
428:
427:bahay na bato
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:
398:
397:
392:
391:
378:
373:
371:
366:
364:
359:
358:
356:
355:
352:
347:
343:
342:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
283:
282:
281:
278:
273:
272:
267:
264:
260:
257:
256:
255:
252:
250:
247:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
219:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
194:
193:
192:
188:
187:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
147:
146:
142:
141:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
114:
111:
109:
108:ethnic groups
106:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:sign language
94:
93:
92:
89:
87:
84:
83:
82:
81:
77:
76:
70:
66:
65:
62:
57:
56:
53:
48:
47:
41:
37:
32:
28:
24:
19:
3124:Stilt houses
3091:
3079:
3046:Transhumance
2978:Mountain hut
2941:Jamesway hut
2840:Ger district
2835:Yurt and ger
2703:Quiggly hole
2658:Menstruation
2541:
2359:
2276:
2251:
2212:
2195:
2187:
2155:Coat of arms
2062:. Retrieved
2053:
2043:
2031:. Retrieved
2027:
2018:
2006:. Retrieved
2002:
1993:
1981:. Retrieved
1971:
1959:. Retrieved
1940:
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1898:
1864:
1857:
1845:. Retrieved
1838:the original
1829:
1825:
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1796:
1787:
1775:. Retrieved
1760:
1736:. Retrieved
1732:the original
1727:
1705:
1701:
1688:
1678:September 2,
1676:. Retrieved
1672:
1662:
1643:
1618:. Retrieved
1614:
1590:
1586:
1551:(2). *kubu.
1548:
1544:
1534:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1479:the original
1474:
1449:. Retrieved
1434:
1396:
1391:
1367:Rumah Melayu
1329:
1325:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1300:of Mansaka;
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1264:of Kalinga;
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1237:
1235:
1228:, like most
1225:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1141:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1023:
1021:
993:
987:
967:
962:
954:
949:
945:
935:
931:
930:
925:
921:
917:
915:
910:
901:
899:
885:
884:
875:
864:
857:
853:
851:
844:
826:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
801:
795:
788:
784:
782:
773:
762:
756:Mt. Pinatubo
751:
746:
742:
740:
734:
723:
716:
711:
709:
702:
686:
681:
676:
665:
660:
652:
650:
640:
635:
629:
622:Rizal Shrine
605:
603:
600:
595:
589:
584:
581:
574:
568:
564:
552:Hispanic era
542:
538:
511:
506:
497:
483:
478:
470:
462:
455:
443:
425:
401:
400:
395:
394:
389:
388:
386:
296:Coat of arms
151:Architecture
125:Value system
49:
35:
27:
18:
3031:Stilt house
2983:Winter room
2963:Twynham hut
2936:Quonset hut
2598:Earth lodge
2271:Baro't saya
1738:October 16,
1485:October 16,
1451:October 16,
1445:Philippines
1328:of Tausug;
1304:of T'boli;
1272:of Ivatan;
1260:of Ifugao;
1252:of Bontoc;
946:bánggerahán
903:ventanillas
668:ventanillas
496:version of
469:. The term
451: 1900
415:Philippines
411:stilt house
3108:Categories
3051:Tree house
2948:Romney hut
2931:Nissen hut
2921:Hopper hut
2860:Beach fale
2718:Roundhouse
2544:(Nipa hut)
2542:Bahay kubo
2393:José Rizal
2252:Bahay kubo
2235:Unofficial
2214:Sampaguita
2175:Great Seal
2064:January 9,
1961:August 31,
1923:August 31,
1906:. p.
1879:1137027096
1847:August 31,
1793:"banggéra"
1777:August 31,
1673:RealLiving
1405:0313350663
1383:References
1372:Rumah adat
1296:of Blaan;
1294:bong-gumne
1284:of Klata;
1266:binangiyan
1238:bahay kubo
1226:Bahay kubo
1187:bahay kubo
1180:bahay kubo
1171:bahay kubo
1167:bahay kubo
1064:sigarilyas
1039:Bahay Kubo
988:bahay kubo
976:See also:
918:bahay kubo
886:Bahay kubo
876:Bahay kubo
858:bahay kubo
854:bahay kubo
837:A typical
816:bahay kubo
804:bahay kubo
785:bahay kubo
774:bahay kubo
752:bahay kubo
747:bahay kubo
743:bahay kubo
735:Bahay kubo
717:bahay kubo
712:bahay kubo
641:bahay kubo
606:bahay kubo
585:bahay kubo
533:See also:
522:See also:
512:bahay kubo
498:bahay kubo
484:The term "
463:báhay kúbo
444:bahay kubo
390:báhay kúbo
316:Great Seal
222:newspapers
176:Literature
135:Honorifics
36:bahay kubo
3041:Thatching
2911:Beach hut
2768:Zemlyanka
2748:Tongkonan
2738:Sod house
2688:Pit-house
2648:Log cabin
2460:Juan Luna
2355:Tinikling
2089:Nipa huts
1802:March 16,
1646:: 29–37.
1565:146739541
1526:146739541
1326:bay-sinug
1302:gunu-bong
1250:katyufong
1056:singkamas
1025:bayanihan
1016:bayanihan
950:pingganan
867:(windows)
750:why many
705:Feng shui
689:Antillean
434:Etymology
259:festivals
249:Mythology
3080:Category
2958:Slab hut
2953:Rondavel
2926:Iris hut
2916:Hexayurt
2852:Open-air
2733:Shieling
2713:Rondavel
2708:Quinzhee
2548:Barabara
2528:shelters
2524:dwelling
2345:Sinigang
2330:Milkfish
2295:Cariñosa
2285:Baybayin
2278:Bayan Ko
2262:Balangay
2143:Official
2058:Archived
2033:March 8,
2008:March 8,
1983:July 23,
1336:See also
1280:of Ata;
1099:kalabasa
937:banggéra
865:Dungawán
827:DingdĂng
778:Siquijor
772:Seaside
500:. While
486:nipa hut
459:Filipino
442:A large
405:(in the
321:Language
242:Internet
207:Folklore
120:Religion
91:Language
42:lived in
2885:Pergola
2870:Chickee
2830:Yaranga
2683:Palloza
2381:Implied
2300:Jeepney
2290:Carabao
1832:(XXX).
1620:May 25,
1362:Torogan
1321:torogan
1312:langgal
1298:uyaanan
1278:binanwa
1270:jin-jin
1262:binayon
1118:kamatis
1114:sibuyas
1109:mustasa
1105:labanos
986:Modern
963:Kamálig
932:Batalán
926:batalán
922:batalán
911:Batalán
829:(walls)
787:have a
645:Spanish
626:Calamba
545:climate
518:History
467:Tagalog
276:Symbols
197:Cuisine
130:Kinship
86:History
78:Society
3092:Portal
2904:Modern
2895:Toguna
2890:Ramada
2880:Palapa
2875:Gazebo
2865:Cabana
2753:Trullo
2743:Sukkah
2698:Qarmaq
2663:Mitato
2653:Maloca
2613:Goahti
2593:Dugout
2588:Crotto
2568:Burdei
2563:Bunong
2325:Manila
2310:Lechon
2267:Barong
2247:Anahaw
1952:
1914:
1876:
1768:
1563:
1524:
1441:Makati
1403:
1306:lawig,
1282:bolloy
1209:, and
1147:Legacy
1122:bawang
1091:patola
1087:Kundol
1081:patani
1060:talong
1000:anahaw
978:Amakan
944:(also
847:amakan
839:amakan
812:silong
808:silong
789:silong
763:SĂlong
726:(roof)
724:BubĂłng
569:silong
399:, or
306:Flower
286:Anthem
266:Sports
232:cinema
161:Comics
103:People
3016:Shack
2815:Lavvu
2758:Tukul
2693:Qargi
2643:Kapar
2638:Jacal
2633:Igloo
2623:Humpy
2618:Hogan
2608:Girna
2603:Funco
2578:Cleit
2558:Bothy
2320:Mango
2257:Bakya
2242:Adobo
2197:Narra
2150:Arnis
1841:(PDF)
1822:(PDF)
1698:(PDF)
1561:S2CID
1522:S2CID
1330:lumah
1316:lamin
1274:baley
1258:abong
1132:linga
1077:bataw
1073:sitaw
955:bangá
916:Some
796:SilĂd
677:pawid
507:pawid
471:báhay
461:term
402:payág
326:Motto
227:radio
217:Media
189:Other
181:Music
166:Dance
3119:Huts
3036:Tent
3021:Shed
2825:Tipi
2810:Chum
2723:Ruka
2678:Orri
2573:Bure
2350:Sipa
2269:and
2170:Flag
2066:2022
2035:2021
2010:2021
1985:2015
1963:2024
1950:ISBN
1925:2024
1912:ISBN
1874:ISBN
1849:2024
1804:2020
1779:2024
1766:ISBN
1740:2013
1680:2024
1622:2017
1487:2013
1453:2013
1401:ISBN
1318:and
1290:bale
1286:baoy
1256:and
1254:bale
1248:and
1246:fayu
1236:The
1193:and
1185:The
1126:luya
1068:mani
1032:Arts
996:nipa
820:atip
710:The
670:and
651:The
620:The
592:huts
502:nipa
479:kĂşbo
457:The
396:kubo
387:The
336:Tree
301:Flag
291:Bird
156:Arts
2673:Oca
2521:Hut
1830:XXX
1648:doi
1553:doi
1514:doi
1124:at
1097:'t
1095:upo
1066:at
1058:at
948:or
940:in
624:in
494:hut
311:Gem
3110::
2056:.
2052:.
2026:.
2001:.
1948:.
1944:.
1910:.
1908:99
1902:.
1888:^
1828:.
1824:.
1795:.
1748:^
1726:.
1714:^
1704:.
1700:.
1671:.
1642:.
1630:^
1613:.
1599:^
1591:13
1589:.
1585:.
1573:^
1559:.
1549:52
1547:.
1543:.
1520:.
1510:52
1508:.
1504:.
1473:.
1461:^
1443:,
1439:.
1433:.
1411:^
1314:,
1213:.
1205:,
1201:,
1120:,
1116:,
1107:,
1093:,
1089:,
1079:,
1075:,
1062:,
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998:,
719:.
695:.
684:.
587:.
448:c.
393:,
237:TV
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2183:"
2179:"
2123:e
2116:t
2109:v
2068:.
2037:.
2012:.
1987:.
1965:.
1927:.
1882:.
1851:.
1806:.
1781:.
1742:.
1706:8
1682:.
1650::
1624:.
1567:.
1555::
1528:.
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1489:.
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1134:.
1128:.
1111:,
1101:,
1083:,
1070:,
632:.
376:e
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