Articulated bus - Knowledge

458: 1484: 733: 3287: 594: 203: 22: 1835:(FMCSA), an articulated motorcoach (bus) driver is required to possess a Class B CDL. The driven exam can be completed in the Class B bus the driver wishes to operate. It is common for restrictions to be issued on the driver's license disallowing them to operate higher classes of vehicles than they tested on. A common restriction is a driver with a Class B CDL that performs their P endorsement test on a class B bus, resulting in their license bearing the "no class A passenger vehicle" restriction, which is notated with an 'M', in addition to their P endorsement. These restrictions can be removed through further testing at a later date. 666: 53: 272: 283: 1353: 390: 1396:& 2009 to operate on Sydney Buses' first Metrobus route, the M10 from Leichhardt to Kingsford and Maroubra Junction. The buses feature different chassis, body types, and internal layouts. The articulated Volvo B12BLEA buses are fully wheelchair-accessible, air-conditioned, and have visual and audible next-stop passenger information systems installed. The buses feature air-conditioning, large electronic destination displays and cloth seating. Additionally, each bus features a stepless entry, which will assist less-mobile passengers. 1737: 1457: 172: 2266: 789: 1421: 69: 551:

found to be at least three times higher than on conventional buses where entry of passengers is monitored by the driver or conductor. The only way of checking for free riders was to use large teams of ticket inspectors to swamp the bus and inspect all tickets while keeping the doors closed, meanwhile delaying the further progress of the bus. Since the articulated buses were tending to serve areas of relative deprivation it is suspected that this was a contributory factor in

562: 420:. However, these safety statistics may be partly skewed due to the buses having been used on the busiest routes in the most crowded areas of the city, making them look worse than the buses they were being compared with. Other commentators have described these types of buses as 'flaccid and unappealing', preferring the sturdiness of their rigid-body counterparts. The last disadvantage of an articulated bus is that it requires a specially trained driver in some cases. 513: 1874: 986: 1811: 3746: 3537: 2252: 813: 972:

Galaxy which first manufactured in December 2003 by Mercedes-Benz Vietnam and was previously used for SEA Games in Hanoi. The bus was painted yellow instead of traditional white-yellow-red (from top to bottom) and had two ticket sellers on-board instead of one. The bus received positive reviews from passengers but the bus no longer operated in Hanoi, route 07 is now occupied by Daewoo BC095 buses.

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construction compared to a solo bus which was often fabricated by external body construction firms due to the lower production numbers compared to solo buses. The pusher concept enabled the bus manufacturer to simply join a forward and a rear part of a solo bus and build the articulated bus completely in-house. This reduced the production cost.

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achieved great popularity there. Overhead wires for trams, trolleybuses, etc. are not really relevant issues, as the minimum normal clearance above road level is standard across the EU and is well in excess of the height of a double-deck vehicle—otherwise, many freight vehicles would encounter severe problems in the course of normal operation.

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weight of the additional axle(s) and coupling mechanism of an articulated bus. Modern technology has reduced the weight disadvantage, and the benefits of a continuous low floor allowing easier access plus additional entrance doors for smoother loading have led to reconsideration of the use of articulated buses in the UK.

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Articulated buses have been used in most European countries for many years. Articulated buses became popular in mainland Europe due to their increased capacity compared with regular buses. In many cities, lower railway bridge clearances have precluded the use of double-deck vehicles, which have never

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In the United States, articulated buses were imported from Europe and deployed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. During this time, rising operating costs led to public takeovers of transit systems, and the pressure to reduce labor (driver) costs in turn meant transporting more passengers in a single

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and Leyland-DAB led to a change in the law, but the experiment was abandoned in 1981 because double-decker buses were generally considered less expensive both to purchase and to operate. The cost and weight of the strengthened deck framing and staircase of a double-decker was lower than the cost and

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In the UK it is only necessary to hold a D licence on articulated buses where the driven axle is in the rear section. As the front cannot be driven without the rear, for licensing purposes they are not considered to have a trailer necessitating the E entitlement. However, special training is needed

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In some circumstances of urban operation (such as in areas with narrow streets and tight turns), articulated buses may also be involved in significantly more accidents than conventional buses. Estimates for London's articulated buses put their involvement in accidents involving pedestrians at over

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There is some confusion as to how the U.S. treats articulated buses, but the general agreement in professional circles a large misconception seems to be that they're treated as combination vehicles, and therefore requires that drivers hold a Class A commercial driver license (CDL) with a passenger

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G buses; however, three MAN SG280H buses are also equipped for O-Bahn use. In recent years, it has proven problematic to find suitable low-floor articulated buses to replace the 1984-manufactured Mercedes buses, because the design of the O-Bahn track unfortunately precludes the use of most modern

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are rapid simultaneous boarding and disembarkation through more and larger doors, increased stability arising from a lower centre of gravity, smaller frontal area giving less air resistance than double decker buses thus better fuel efficiency, often a smaller turning radius, higher maximum service

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Super Golden Eagle model) on some of its transbay lines. The XMC-77, which AC Transit dubbed the "Freeway Train", was originally built in 1958, purchased by the District in October 1965, and made its debut run for Line N on 14 March 1966; passengers on the inaugural run were presented with special

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AG300 feature low floors while maintaining the puller design by placing the engine block off-center opposite to the second door. Also, the unpowered rear axle is much simpler and carries no engine weight, facilitating the installation of counter-steering mechanisms to further decrease the turning

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In Vietnam, articulated bus was first introduced and operated on 16 October 2010, by Transerco in Hanoi. It was added to the route 07 from My Dinh Bus Station to Noi Bai Airport as a test run. The bus was part of Hanoi Ecotrans project subsidized by EU and Ile de France. It was a Mercedes Euro II

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has seen the operation of articulated buses for many years. Currently it operates a fleet of various models with eighty Volvo B12BLEA buses joining the Sydney Buses fleet in 2005 and 2006, increasing capacity along many of the busy corridors. A number of prototype vehicles were delivered in 2008

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Elsewhere in the UK, they are generally operated on particular routes in order to increase passenger numbers, rather than across entire networks. With unsupervised "open boarding" through three doors and the requirement for pre-purchase of tickets, levels of fare-dodging on the new vehicles were

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In most puller articulated buses, the engine is mounted under the floor between the front and middle axles, and only the middle axle is powered. Some consider this an outdated design, as it prohibits floor levels lower than approximately 750 millimetres (29.5 in), and can produce passenger

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The pusher bus needs a damping system in the joint to reduce the risk of jack-knifing and fishtailing. This was developed by the FFG Fahrzeugwerkstätten Falkenried in Germany. The production cost of the pusher bus was lower than that of a puller bus. The puller bus was a completely different

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scheme. Major examples of bi-articulated buses playing a major role in bus rapid transit can be found in Curitiba, Bogota, Mexico City, Quito, etc. Volvo is a major supplier of puller-type bi-articulated buses in these markets. In the Netherlands, bi-articulated buses came into service in

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levels. On the other hand, they can be used in very narrow or severely potholed streets. This type of bus also performs better in snowy or icy conditions, as the thrust from the driving wheels does not cause the vehicle to jackknife. Newer models such as the

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Articulated buses typically feature at least two and sometimes three curbside doors for passengers. Because the articulation joint is close behind the middle axle, usually four potential passenger door positions are possible on a single-articulated bus:

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five times the rate of all other buses, and over twice as high for accidents involving cyclists. In a period when articulated buses made up approximately 5% of the London bus fleet, they were involved in 20% of all bus-related deaths, statistics which

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on a number of routes across the country. A number of serious engine fires resulted in their withdrawal from service, and they have also been responsible for causing an increase in traffic congestion and accidents involving pedestrians and cyclists.

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A Batch of 9 Mercedes Benz Citaros currently run on First Aberdeen routes 1 and 2, and 5 others run with First York on York Park and ride services 2 and 3 but are being phased out by more modern Wright Streetdecks and Optare Metrodeckets

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In Macau, Transmac – Transportes Urbanos de Macau S.A.R.L. imported an 18-meter articulated bus model, and put it into operation on 6 January 2018 following multiple tests and adjustments. The bus operated on route 51 during peak hours.

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In some countries of the European Union, as well as in Canada, an articulated bus can be driven with the same license used to drive a rigid bus (D in Europe), while a bus towing a normal trailer requires a bus + trailer (D+E) license.

1597:(articulated versions of the PR 100 and PR 100.2) were a special variation of the pusher design in which both the middle and the rear axles were driven, with a driveshaft passing through the turntable between the two driving axles. 241:. 15 examples of the "Super Twin" were built in 1948, but it was not developed further. According to contemporary coverage, the Super Twin had a capacity of 58 seated and 120 total, with a weight of 27,500 lb (12,500 kg). 1528:

customers. (This type accounted for two-thirds of the articulated buses built in the 1970s.) Puller-type articulated buses are built in less numbers, but are still available in Scandinavia and South America. Examples being the

138:. Articulated buses are typically 18 m (59 ft) long, in contrast to standard rigid buses at 11 to 14 m (36 to 46 ft) long. The common arrangement of an articulated bus is to have a forward section with two 1565:

problems because their wheels lack sufficient travel to enable them to absorb typical road surface unevenness. This also leads to passenger discomfort and relatively rapid disintegration of the vehicle's superstructure.

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in 2010 with the title "The articulated bus is 50 years old." The Ikarus 180 went into limited production in 1963, and entered serial production in 1966; the Ikarus 180 was discontinued in 1973 when its successor, the

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An articulated bus is a long vehicle and usually requires a specially trained driver, as maneuvering (particularly reversing) can be difficult. The trailer section of a "puller" bus can be subject to unusual

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and one Volgren-bodied Mercedes Benz O405G in 1996 and 1997 respectively to evaluate the suitability of articulated buses for high-capacity single deck bus operations. The trial was however unsuccessful and

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mounted under the turntable. This modern system makes it possible to build buses without steps and having low floors along their entire length, which simplifies access for passengers with limited mobility.

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Many of the articulated buses from London went on to serve with regional operators. Aside from limited use in regional cities, articulated buses may now be found at airports as park and ride shuttles.

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Since the late 1980s, the concept of the articulated bus has been extended further with the addition of a second trailer section that extends the bus almost to tram length and capacity, to create a

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In Asia, many major Chinese cities had fleets of articulated buses prior to the late 1990s. Some of these fleets have since been replaced by single-section units except in a few cities, namely

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In 2020, twenty one brand new Mercedes Benz Citaros entered service at Stansted Airport; the Mercedes Benz Citaro is the only articulated bus available in the United Kingdom at present.

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articulated busses from Hungary on their several busy lines. Later, the company also imported Chinese-made articulated busses. PPD dominating Jakarta city bus service until 2004, when

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next to the rear axle, increasing the rated load. Typical capacity ranges up to 200 passengers and the length increases from 18 to 23 m (59 to 75 ft). Examples include the

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Bi-articulated buses are still rare, having been trialled and rejected in some places. Because of their length they have a role on very high-capacity routes, or as a component of a

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The Last public Wright Eclipse Fusion bendy buses ran on 26 March 2023 on service 888 between Luton airport and Luton airport parkway station, the service being replaced by the

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The New Flyer Xcelsior Charge NG battery-electric articulated buses are equipped with traction motors on both the middle and rear axles; the middle axle uses in-wheel motors.

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Articulated buses can be of "pusher" or "puller" configuration. Very few companies specialise in manufacturing the articulated section for the buses. One that does is

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Hemily, Brendon; King, Rolland D. (2008). "One: Introduction". Uses of Higher Capacity Buses in Transit Service (Report). Transit Cooperative Research Program.

1412:. In 2009-2010 150 new Volvo B12BLEA articulated buses have been introduced into the Sydney Buses fleet, many of these part of the expanded Metrobus program. 146:

arrangement on the rearmost axle which turns slightly in opposition to the front steering axle, allowing the vehicle to negotiate tighter turns, similar to

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between 1975 and 1992. In these models, only the upper deck allows movement between the two sections, so each section has its own doors and set of stairs.

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leading a rear section with a single axle, with the driving axle mounted on either the front or the rear section. Some articulated buses have a

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character was created using parts from an articulated bus with the actual vehicle as its intended alternate form and dubbed "Bendy-Bus Prime."

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engine with an output of 262 hp (195 kW). Engineering for the XMC-77 was carried out by the local firm of DeLeuw Cather & Co.

547:, promised in the run-up to the mayoral election of 2008 to rid the city of the controversial buses and replaced them with double deckers. 2681: 3582: 1832: 237:; this bus, which had four axles on a 47 ft (14.33 m) long body, was only articulated in the vertical direction to accommodate 2478: 123:(articulation) enclosed by protective bellows inside and outside and a cover plate on the floor. This allows a longer legal length than 2696: 2321: 1284: 2889: 1715: 2642: 301:

in California pioneered the American use of a modern articulated bus, operating the experimental commuter coach "XMC 77" (based on

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stuck to the use of 12-metre double deck "Superbuses". The two articulated buses were eventually sold off to Bayes Coachlines of

495: 327: 3120: 2371: 2422: 2415: 598: 1763:) has developed the 25 metres (82 ft) JNP6280G bi-articulated bus, deemed the "world's largest", which will be used in 3007: 2953: 1881: 1853: 3095: 772:. The long buses are considered reliable and useful, and have been in service in Israel since the mid-1970s. During the 944: 918: 407:

speed, the ability to pass under low bridges, and improved accessibility for people with disabilities and the elderly.

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city transit company has been operating more than 1000 of them every day since the early 1970s. The Hungarian company

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to power electric traction motors. Electric articulated trolleybuses principally operate in hilly locations like

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in the 1980s. They were subsequently withdrawn from service because they proved to be expensive to maintain.

259:(named for its 180-passenger capacity) were shown in 1961. There is an ongoing exhibition in Budapest at the 3074: 3683: 2819: 1648: 1368: 1134: 1110: 3510: 2983:"Home - ATG Autotechnik GmbH - Joints & Gangways for Articulated Buses, Trams & Special Vehicles" 2008: 1679: 704:

for some of their busiest routes since 2015. Prior to Scania buses introduction, there were Chinese-made

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From 3 July 2011 to 28 August 2013, articulated Mercedes Citaro buses purchased from London were used in

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souvenir tickets. XMC-77 was later exhibited to the public at various locations in the East Bay and the

3770: 3663: 3568: 3445: 1550: 1521: 689: 373:). The first modern British "bendy buses" (as they are referred to in the UK and Canada) were built by 347: 127:, and hence a higher passenger capacity (94–120), while still allowing the bus to maneuver adequately. 2911: 2856: 2742: 3453: 3219: 1066: 855:

NG363F A24 buses to replace the first batch of O405Gs, while the subsequent batches were replaced by

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Schematic of an articulated bus, showing four passenger doors and two powertrain configurations.

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Photo of AC Transit XMC 77 at the Transbay Terminal in San Francisco, California, circa 1965

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Super articulated bus are similar to the normal articulated buses, but they have a fourth

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Replica of the Jinghua BK670, a 1970s-1980s front-engined articulated bus model based on

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led a Pooled Purchase Consortium, formed in 1976, which later awarded a contract to the

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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

3714: 3619: 3189: 3096:"Transformers Live Action Movie Blog (TFLAMB): Bendy-Bus Prime, the 1st UK Transformer" 2504:"presenting the AC Transit experimental freeway train: A new concept in metro mobility" 2072: 2018: 1840: 1752: 1731: 1707: 1578: 1387: 1372: 1062: 936: 906: 852: 836: 505: 335: 151: 2806:"Land Transport Guru: All public buses are Wheelchair Accessible from 1 December 2020" 2375: 2134: 389: 362: 147: 3719: 3591: 3502: 3316: 3214: 2637: 2411: 2139: 1914: 1771: 1409: 1352: 1324: 1188: 856: 840: 697: 430: 403: 369:, Vetter), Canada (LFS Articulated), Hungary (Ikarus), Poland (Jelcz AP02), Romania ( 323: 311: 206: 155: 131: 116: 41: 2126: 2121: 1736: 1386:, reaching speeds of 100 km/h. The first articulated buses to use it were the 700:

systems in the world. Transjakarta has been using articulated buses manufactured by

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operating in city environments. A less common variant of the articulated bus is the

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Until 1980, articulated buses were illegal on the UK's roads. A 1979 experiment by

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during rush hours, since a crowded long bus can contain more than 100 passengers.

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Due to their high passenger capacity, articulated buses are often used as part of

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260, of which 60,993 buses were manufactured between 1973 and 2002, mostly for

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Indonesia first operated articulated bus in 1993, when Jakarta's bus company

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MAN NG 313 F articulated bus, bodied by Castrosua (CS 40) in TMB, Barcelona.

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only began to operate articulated buses again from March 2018 when ten ex-

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A few attempts have been made to design a double-decker articulated bus.

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in the front part of the bus allow easy accommodation for passengers in

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uses articulated buses on some high-traffic routes, as well as on their

3704: 3641: 3624: 3490: 3372: 3367: 3311: 3266: 3226: 2201: 2191: 2186: 2176: 2171: 2160: 1961: 1659: 1620: 1534: 1517: 1487: 1401: 1082: 989: 940: 933: 903: 887: 878: 848: 832: 757: 577: 461: 355: 339: 331: 298: 275: 265: 249: 230: 135: 108: 33: 3724: 3485: 3362: 3256: 2857:"Báo Mới - Tin tức nóng nhất, tin tức mới nhất cập nhật liên tục 24H" 2206: 2149: 2144: 2099: 2013: 1936: 1745: 1655: 1609: 1586: 1554: 1530: 1357: 1272: 1224: 1196: 1152: 1094: 1026: 1014: 824: 769: 753: 701: 670: 654: 650: 630: 618: 378: 370: 306: 234: 124: 104: 96: 72: 45: 3560: 1336: 1276: 3673: 2407: 2165: 2051: 2046: 2041: 1941: 1699: 1561:

Modern low-floor pusher articulated buses also tend to suffer from

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took over more units as part of the transition in September 2021.

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for their motive power, a number of operators (primarily outside

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In pusher buses, only the rear axle is powered by a rear-mounted

1472: 1228: 1168: 1102: 1022: 844: 721: 638: 622: 606: 438: 315: 76: 61: 60:, bending as it drives round a corner at the University of Bath, 25: 2820:"Land Transport Guru: MAN A24 Articulated Buses for SBS Transit" 1810: 342:(from Germany) articulated buses in America. Contemporaneously, 2401: 2088: 1644: 1461: 1392: 1252: 1212: 1160: 1030: 1018: 812: 796: 741: 713: 642: 626: 532: 482: 366: 290: 214: 210: 92: 88: 1005:

Articulated buses are commonplace in US urban centers such as

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ITDP: The Institute for Transportation and Development Policy

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Most articulated buses use a single passenger level or deck.

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Articulated buses have also been used in Australia, Austria (

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also runs hundreds of articulated buses on intercity lines.

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Articulated buses were first used in Taiwan in 2014 as the

139: 3033:"Ônibus Volvo: Desde 1928 Fazendo História - Volvo Ônibus" 3161: 3130: 2780:"PPD Tambah Armada Bus Gandeng Transjakarta Halaman all" 354:, coupling American-made powertrains with the Hungarian 2684:, Times of Malta, 28 August 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-06. 119:, and comprises two or more rigid sections linked by a 2882:"Chế tạo thành công xe buýt đặc thù phục vụ SEA Games" 2348:"High-Capacity Buses - Articulated or Double-Decker?" 1759:. The Chinese manufacturer Zhejiang Youngman (Jinhua 867:'s policy of a 100% wheelchair-accessible bus fleet. 827:, articulated buses were first introduced in 1996 by 776:, such buses were often targeted by Palestinians and 2247: 724:

and AAI Komodo buses already in-service since 2010.

1627:Although the majority of articulated buses utilise 1363:The first articulated bus in Australia operated in 539:from 2001 until 2011, but they were not a success. 1794: 2556: 2372:"Articulated Transit Bus Steering Considerations" 1864: 402:The main benefits of an articulated bus over the 365:), Italy, Germany (Gaubschat, Emmelmann, Göppel, 221:First example of the articulated bus appeared in 16:Articulated vehicle used in public transportation 3762: 1569:Makers of pusher-type articulated buses include 1444:Between the articulation joint and rear axle (X) 696:was established and operates one of the longest 3121:Steering Considerations & Engine Placements 2374:. North American Bus Industries. Archived from 744:, the use of articulated buses—commonly called 384: 2940:"The history of articulated buses in Canberra" 873:(SBS, present-day SBS Transit) introduced one 3576: 3146: 2934: 2932: 1516:A typical puller model is the Hungarian-made 1133:uses articulated buses on their BRT service, 502:South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive 261:Hungarian Technical and Transportation Museum 2346:MacKechnie, Christopher (13 November 2017). 1356:Scania K320UA articulated bus operating for 2498: 2496: 1833:Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 1447:Between the rear axle and rear bulkhead (Y) 3583: 3569: 3153: 3139: 2929: 2579: 2366: 2364: 2345: 2322:"2014 SFMTA Transit Fleet Management Plan" 1693: 1441:Between the front axle and middle axle (B) 537:articulated buses were used on some routes 2397: 2395: 2393: 2339: 1438:Between the windshield and front axle (A) 338:joint venture responsible for assembling 233:built an articulated bus for the city of 2493: 1809: 1735: 1647:are adopting articulated buses that are 1604: 1482: 1455: 1419: 1351: 1144: 984: 811: 787: 731: 664: 592: 560: 511: 456: 388: 281: 270: 201: 67: 51: 20: 2361: 2281:Articulated buses in the United Kingdom 1725: 1255:are usually used on BRT lines, such as 496:Articulated buses in the United Kingdom 95:bus, vestibule bus, stretch bus, or an 3763: 2682:Bendy buses given boot over fire fears 2390: 1375:serving both rapid and feeder routes. 3590: 3564: 3134: 2777: 2694:The Bendy Bus: A Transport Revolution 1846: 768:BRT system) and other cities such as 2963:. M.A.N. Truck & Bus Corporation 2557:Kristopans, Andre (3 October 2014). 1868: 1600: 1382:, articulated buses are used on the 1371:in 1974. They remain in service for 165: 134:schemes, and can include mechanical 2912:"Dân hài lòng với xe buýt khớp nối" 2832: 2778:Media, Kompas Cyber (7 July 2010). 1854:Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen 1821: 1658:DE60LF. There are also articulated 1295:In South America, they are used in 943:in preparation for the takeover of 799:ZK6180HGH articulated bus in Macau. 555:(TfL) turning against the concept. 418:eventually led to their replacement 13: 3013:. New Flyer Industries. March 2021 1851:In a campaign associated with the 14: 3787: 3114: 2529:"A New Concept in Public Transit" 1520:, the articulated version of the 489: 3744: 3535: 3285: 2264: 2250: 1872: 1290: 980: 975: 748:—is widespread, particularly in 410: 393:The articulation joint mechanism 170: 3307:Bombardier Guided Light Transit 3088: 3067: 3046: 3025: 3000: 2975: 2946: 2904: 2874: 2849: 2826: 2812: 2798: 2771: 2753: 2735: 2709: 2687: 2675: 2657: 2625: 2599: 2573: 2550: 2296:List of bus operating companies 2286:Bombardier Guided Light Transit 1795:Double-decker articulated buses 1688: 746:accordion bus, אוטובוס אקורדיון 736:An articulated bus in Tel Aviv. 2761:"ITDP Where We Work – Jakarta" 2521: 2467: 2449: 2427: 2314: 1865:Examples of articulated buses) 1125:Bus Rapid Transit Service. In 909:A24 buses were transferred to 760:of the country, as well as in 678:Harmoni Central Busway Station 519:Mercedes-Benz Citaro O530G on 248:, the first prototypes of the 1: 3302:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit 2954:"MAN Articulated Trolley Bus" 2664:Bendy buses - the fatal facts 2307: 1704:Mercedes-Benz Citaro CapaCity 1451: 1111:Westchester County (New York) 843:(MK1/MK2), Hispano Habit and 397: 75:articulated bus in Uzinelor, 3684:Passenger information system 2916:Báo Công an nhân dân điện tử 2580:Ramey, Jay (3 August 2018). 2477:. AC Transit. Archived from 1369:Australian Capital Territory 1347: 1135:The Vine (bus rapid transit) 945:Sembawang-Yishun Bus Package 807: 774:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 660: 385:Advantages and disadvantages 7: 2243: 2009:Leyland-DAB articulated bus 504:with buses manufactured by 148:hook-and-ladder fire trucks 10: 3792: 3664:Automatic vehicle location 1729: 1615:diesel-electric hybrid in 1551:internal combustion engine 1460:Articulated trolleybus in 1342: 1067:Orange County (California) 966: 493: 346:entered an agreement with 161: 3740: 3697: 3650: 3607: 3598: 3529: 3501: 3423: 3325: 3294: 3283: 3177: 3168: 3160: 1708:MAN Lion's City GXL (A43) 1540: 1478: 1415: 1246: 1140: 954: 829:Trans-Island Bus Services 727: 452: 179:This section needs to be 3635:Autonomous Rapid Transit 1786: 1428: 915:Land Transport Authority 865:Land Transport Authority 861:Land Transport Authority 816:A bendy bus operated by 783: 601:JN150 trucks, in Beijing 588: 472: 377:and used in the city of 87:, also referred to as a 2987:www.articulated-bus.com 1783:(2014) on busy routes. 1694:Super-articulated buses 1499:discomfort due to high 818:Tower Transit Singapore 583: 3446:Capacitor electric bus 2461:23 August 2011 at the 1818: 1748: 1740:Bi-articulated bus in 1641:compressed natural gas 1624: 1495: 1464: 1425: 1360: 1156: 1002: 871:Singapore Bus Services 820: 800: 737: 681: 602: 566: 528: 465: 423: 394: 294: 279: 218: 80: 65: 49: 3220:Lowbridge double-deck 3127:on February 24, 2006) 2837:(in Chinese (Taiwan)) 2833:盧金足 (24 March 2015). 2669:22 April 2008 at the 2232:Wright Eclipse Fusion 2107:Scania Citywide LFA]] 1813: 1805:Neoplan Jumbocruisers 1739: 1712:Mercedes-Benz O500 DA 1608: 1486: 1459: 1423: 1355: 1251:Articulated buses in 1148: 1127:Vancouver, Washington 1123:Emerald Express (EmX) 1119:Lane Transit District 988: 923:Bus Contracting Model 815: 791: 735: 668: 596: 564: 515: 460: 392: 303:Continental Trailways 285: 274: 205: 113:public transportation 71: 58:Wright Eclipse Fusion 55: 24: 3630:Guided Light Transit 3441:Battery electric bus 3008:"xcelsior Charge NG" 2835:"7月8日台中BRT說bye bye" 2822:. 30 September 2017. 2706:Magazine, March 2005 2699:21 July 2011 at the 2036:Mercedes-Benz Citaro 1886:adding missing items 1841:bi-articulated buses 1816:Neoplan Jumbocruiser 1814:A 1992 (redesigned) 1726:Bi-articulated buses 1575:New Flyer Industries 1469:ATG Autotechnik GmbH 1091:Rochester (New York) 553:Transport for London 229:) in 1937. In 1938, 3481:Hybrid electric bus 3210:Cutaway van chassis 2808:. 12 December 2020. 2767:. 15 November 2008. 2237:Wright Solar Fusion 2068:Neoplan Centroliner 1966:Ikarus 417/435/435T 1803:built a handful of 1391:articulated buses. 1163:, they are used in 1131:C-Tran (Washington) 1055:Minneapolis-St.Paul 919:Seletar Bus Package 837:Mercedes-Benz O405G 688:began to operating 101:articulated vehicle 3715:Rubber-tyred metro 3620:Bi-articulated bus 2942:. 2 February 2013. 2723:. 8 September 2020 2645:on 7 December 2008 2481:on 1 November 2020 2118:Škoda 27Tr Solaris 2115:Škoda 25Tr Irisbus 2091:Kent C Articulated 2073:New Flyer Xcelsior 1884:; you can help by 1847:In popular culture 1819: 1753:bi-articulated bus 1749: 1732:Bi-articulated bus 1625: 1496: 1465: 1426: 1388:Mercedes-Benz O305 1373:Transport Canberra 1361: 1157: 1003: 913:in batches by the 821: 801: 738: 682: 603: 580:monorail service. 567: 529: 466: 431:centripetal forces 395: 297:In the mid-1960s, 295: 280: 219: 152:bi-articulated bus 125:rigid-bodied buses 115:. It is usually a 81: 66: 50: 3771:Articulated buses 3758: 3757: 3720:Rubber-tyred tram 3592:Bus rapid transit 3558: 3557: 3400:Train replacement 3098:. 3 December 2009 2638:Independent.co.uk 2417:978-0-309-09804-5 2140:Solaris Urbino 18 1979:Iveco Urbanway 18 1902: 1901: 1772:bus rapid transit 1601:Alternative power 1155:D60LF on Route 77 1087:Portland (Oregon) 857:double deck buses 847:CR221). In 2015, 841:Hispano Carrocera 839:buses (bodied in 720:, and local-made 464:in Hungary (1975) 404:double-decker bus 324:King County Metro 312:Transbay Terminal 307:Bus & Car Co. 207:Solaris Urbino 18 200: 199: 156:bus rapid transit 132:bus rapid transit 42:Western Australia 3783: 3751:Buses portal 3749: 3748: 3747: 3689:Proof-of-payment 3585: 3578: 3571: 3562: 3561: 3542:Buses portal 3540: 3539: 3538: 3289: 3277:Transit Elevated 3155: 3148: 3141: 3132: 3131: 3108: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3092: 3086: 3085: 3083: 3081: 3071: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3060: 3050: 3044: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3029: 3023: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3012: 3004: 2998: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2958: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2936: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2908: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2888:. Archived from 2878: 2872: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2853: 2847: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2816: 2810: 2809: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2757: 2751: 2750: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2713: 2707: 2691: 2685: 2679: 2673: 2661: 2655: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2641:. Archived from 2629: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2609:. Archived from 2603: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2577: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2554: 2548: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2533: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2508: 2500: 2491: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2471: 2465: 2453: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2431: 2425: 2423:direct URL (PDF) 2421: 2399: 2388: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2378:on 9 August 2003 2368: 2359: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2343: 2337: 2336: 2334: 2332: 2326: 2318: 2274: 2272:Transport portal 2269: 2268: 2260: 2255: 2254: 2253: 2131:Škoda 35Tr Iveco 2084:Orion-Ikarus 286 2059:Neobus Citta LEA 1929:Crown-Ikarus 286 1897: 1894: 1876: 1875: 1869: 1822:Driver licensing 1801:NEOPLAN Bus GmbH 1755:, also called a 1150:Winnipeg Transit 1107:Washington, D.C. 756:, the two great 363:Gräf & Stift 352:Crown-Ikarus 286 287:Crown-Ikarus 286 258: 195: 192: 186: 174: 173: 166: 91:bus, bendy bus, 3791: 3790: 3786: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3780: 3761: 3760: 3759: 3754: 3745: 3743: 3736: 3693: 3652: 3646: 3615:Articulated bus 3603: 3594: 3589: 3559: 3554: 3536: 3534: 3525: 3497: 3419: 3415:Tourist trolley 3321: 3290: 3281: 3173: 3164: 3159: 3117: 3112: 3111: 3101: 3099: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3079: 3077: 3073: 3072: 3068: 3058: 3056: 3052: 3051: 3047: 3037: 3035: 3031: 3030: 3026: 3016: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2991: 2989: 2981: 2980: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2956: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2938: 2937: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2910: 2909: 2905: 2895: 2893: 2880: 2879: 2875: 2865: 2863: 2855: 2854: 2850: 2840: 2838: 2831: 2827: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2789: 2787: 2786:(in Indonesian) 2776: 2772: 2759: 2758: 2754: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2726: 2724: 2715: 2714: 2710: 2701:Wayback Machine 2692: 2688: 2680: 2676: 2671:Wayback Machine 2662: 2658: 2648: 2646: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2616: 2614: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2590: 2588: 2578: 2574: 2564: 2562: 2555: 2551: 2541: 2539: 2531: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2501: 2494: 2484: 2482: 2473: 2472: 2468: 2463:Wayback Machine 2454: 2450: 2440: 2438: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2418: 2400: 2391: 2381: 2379: 2370: 2369: 2362: 2352: 2350: 2344: 2340: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2319: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2270: 2263: 2256: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2241: 2135:Škoda 706 RTO-K 2095:Renault PR180.2 2019:MAN Lion's City 1973:Irisbus Citelis 1969:Inbus AID 280FT 1933:BMC Procity 18M 1898: 1892: 1889: 1873: 1867: 1849: 1824: 1797: 1789: 1734: 1728: 1696: 1691: 1680:Vancouver, B.C. 1664:catenary cables 1649:diesel-electric 1639:) have adopted 1603: 1543: 1481: 1454: 1431: 1418: 1350: 1345: 1293: 1249: 1237:Metro Vancouver 1143: 1047:West Palm Beach 998:articulated at 983: 978: 969: 957: 932:took over 1 ex- 928:In March 2021, 917:as part of the 898:in March 2006. 810: 786: 778:suicide bombers 730: 663: 591: 586: 545:Mayor of London 498: 492: 481:by the company 475: 455: 426: 413: 400: 387: 350:to produce the 252: 196: 190: 187: 184: 175: 171: 164: 85:articulated bus 56:An articulated 48:, November 2018 26:Volgren Optimus 17: 12: 11: 5: 3789: 3779: 3778: 3773: 3756: 3755: 3741: 3738: 3737: 3735: 3734: 3729: 3728: 3727: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3701: 3699: 3695: 3694: 3692: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3660: 3658: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3644: 3639: 3638: 3637: 3632: 3622: 3617: 3611: 3609: 3605: 3604: 3599: 3596: 3595: 3588: 3587: 3580: 3573: 3565: 3556: 3555: 3553: 3552: 3545: 3530: 3527: 3526: 3524: 3523: 3518: 3513: 3507: 3505: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3495: 3494: 3493: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3448: 3443: 3433: 3427: 3425: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3402: 3397: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3381: 3380: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3329: 3327: 3323: 3322: 3320: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3304: 3298: 3296: 3292: 3291: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3223: 3222: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3190:Bi-articulated 3187: 3181: 3179: 3175: 3174: 3169: 3166: 3165: 3158: 3157: 3150: 3143: 3135: 3129: 3128: 3116: 3115:External links 3113: 3110: 3109: 3087: 3066: 3045: 3024: 2999: 2974: 2945: 2928: 2903: 2892:on 6 July 2019 2873: 2848: 2825: 2811: 2797: 2770: 2752: 2734: 2708: 2686: 2674: 2656: 2624: 2613:on 6 July 2011 2598: 2572: 2549: 2520: 2492: 2466: 2448: 2426: 2416: 2408:10.17226/13919 2389: 2360: 2338: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2261: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2227:VDL Citea SLFA 2224: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2163: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2129: 2127:Škoda 33Tr SOR 2124: 2122:Škoda 31Tr SOR 2119: 2116: 2113: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2100:Rocar DAC 217E 2097: 2092: 2086: 2081: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2033: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1959: 1958:Ikarbus IK-218 1956: 1954:Ikarbus IK-201 1951: 1950:Ikarbus IK-160 1948: 1945: 1939: 1934: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1918: 1912: 1907: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1879: 1877: 1866: 1863: 1848: 1845: 1823: 1820: 1796: 1793: 1788: 1785: 1742:Guatemala City 1730:Main article: 1727: 1724: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1654:, such as the 1629:diesel engines 1602: 1599: 1542: 1539: 1494:traffic (1975) 1480: 1477: 1453: 1450: 1449: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1430: 1427: 1417: 1414: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1292: 1289: 1248: 1245: 1209:Niagara Region 1142: 1139: 982: 979: 977: 974: 968: 965: 956: 953: 859:issued by the 851:introduced 40 809: 806: 785: 782: 729: 726: 662: 659: 590: 587: 585: 582: 494:Main article: 491: 490:United Kingdom 488: 474: 471: 454: 451: 425: 422: 412: 409: 399: 396: 386: 383: 268:was released. 198: 197: 178: 176: 169: 163: 160: 121:pivoting joint 103:, typically a 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3788: 3777: 3776:Buses by type 3774: 3772: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3753: 3752: 3739: 3733: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3722: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3696: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3649: 3643: 3640: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3627: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3597: 3593: 3586: 3581: 3579: 3574: 3572: 3567: 3566: 3563: 3551: 3550: 3546: 3544: 3543: 3532: 3531: 3528: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3508: 3506: 3504: 3503:Manufacturing 3500: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3438: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3429: 3428: 3426: 3422: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3379: 3376: 3375: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3358:Mobile lounge 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3324: 3318: 3317:Rapid transit 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3262:Single-decker 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3221: 3218: 3217: 3216: 3215:Double-decker 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3167: 3163: 3156: 3151: 3149: 3144: 3142: 3137: 3136: 3133: 3126: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3097: 3091: 3076: 3070: 3055: 3049: 3034: 3028: 3009: 3003: 2988: 2984: 2978: 2962: 2955: 2949: 2941: 2935: 2933: 2917: 2913: 2907: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2877: 2862: 2858: 2852: 2836: 2829: 2821: 2815: 2807: 2801: 2785: 2781: 2774: 2766: 2762: 2756: 2748: 2744: 2738: 2722: 2718: 2712: 2705: 2702: 2698: 2695: 2690: 2683: 2678: 2672: 2668: 2665: 2660: 2644: 2640: 2639: 2634: 2628: 2612: 2608: 2602: 2587: 2583: 2576: 2560: 2553: 2537: 2536:transit-times 2530: 2524: 2505: 2499: 2497: 2480: 2476: 2470: 2464: 2460: 2457: 2452: 2436: 2430: 2424: 2419: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2377: 2373: 2367: 2365: 2349: 2342: 2323: 2317: 2313: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2291:List of buses 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2273: 2267: 2262: 2259: 2248: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2222:Volvo B12BLEA 2220: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2182:Volvo 8700LEA 2180: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2162: 2159: 2157:TAM 272A180 M 2156: 2154:TAM 260A180 M 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2063:Neoplan AN460 2061: 2058: 2056:Neobus 405 GZ 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1947:Ikarbus IK-5B 1946: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1904: 1896: 1887: 1883: 1880:This list is 1878: 1871: 1870: 1862: 1860: 1857:film, a 2014 1856: 1855: 1844: 1842: 1836: 1834: 1828: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1792: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1747: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1672:San Francisco 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1633:North America 1630: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1611: 1607: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1571:Mercedes-Benz 1567: 1564: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1547: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1514: 1511: 1506: 1502: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1476: 1474: 1471:in Siek near 1470: 1463: 1458: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1436: 1435: 1422: 1413: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1398:Flip-up seats 1394: 1389: 1385: 1384:O-Bahn Busway 1381: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1359: 1354: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1291:South America 1288: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1244: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1173:Durham Region 1170: 1166: 1162: 1154: 1151: 1147: 1138: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1099:San Francisco 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1059:New York City 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1001: 1000:Waterbury, CT 997: 994: 991: 987: 981:United States 976:North America 973: 964: 962: 952: 950: 949:Tower Transit 946: 942: 939:A24 bus from 938: 935: 931: 930:Tower Transit 926: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 880: 876: 872: 868: 866: 862: 858: 854: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 819: 814: 805: 798: 794: 790: 781: 779: 775: 771: 767: 763: 759: 758:urban centers 755: 751: 747: 743: 734: 725: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 679: 675: 672: 667: 658: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 600: 595: 581: 579: 574: 571: 563: 559: 556: 554: 548: 546: 542: 541:Boris Johnson 538: 534: 526: 525:Oxford Circus 522: 518: 517:Arriva London 514: 510: 507: 503: 497: 487: 484: 480: 470: 463: 459: 450: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 421: 419: 411:Disadvantages 408: 405: 391: 382: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 359: 357: 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