214:
280:
1169:
from the start of his reign until his death in June 1747. Some of the lands controlled by the
Kurdish rulers were repeatedly transferred during these battles. The Ottomans and Nader Shah occupied Ardalan more than any other of those regions. In addition to these states, Ardalan was also invaded by
1189:
became the new ruler of Iran. He gained control over most of the country, and before the winter of 1749, had launched a military operation against
Ardalan. Its ruler, Hasan Ali, attempted to diffuse the conflict despite his lack of preparation, but failed. The Zand army destroyed his capital,
1500:
Atmaca, Metin (2021). "Negotiating
Political Power in the Early Modern Middle East: Kurdish Emirates between the Ottoman Empire and Iranian Dynasties (Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries)". In Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli (eds.).
241:
1679:
1196:(governor-general). Hereditary positions required royal approval, and Karim Khan did not always acknowledge the rulers those who were in line to take over their inherited domains.
138:
1380:
126:
1649:
Matthee, Rudi (2015). "Relations between the Center and the
Periphery in Safavid Iran: The Western Borderlands v. the Eastern Frontier Zone".
1729:
1190:
Sanandaj. Kurdish rulers were never awarded important posts in the Zand dynasty's administrative hierarchy, such as the office of
1230:
1080:
The ruling family of
Ardalan belonged to the Bani Ardalan tribe, whose name may has been suggested to have been acquired from a
1724:
1719:
1695:
713:
1573:
17:
1212:, the towns of Ardalan were restored. They also supported writers and poets who wrote in Arabic, Persian, and especially
1603:
1639:
1558:
1536:
1512:
1415:
1363:
833:
1005:
1586:
1254:
915:
818:
551:
858:
1165:
and started expanding the borders of Iran both to the east and west. He fought numerous wars against the
1107:(750–1258) eras. One source claims that the ruling family was descended from the first Sasanian monarch,
940:
526:
758:
743:
1384:
1551:
Titles and
Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration, by Mirza Naqi Nasiri
1286:
1582:
1127:
471:
31:
1235:
1209:
1131:
670:
645:
446:
1355:
1273:
1225:
1119:
928:
511:
1347:
1330:
Empire, frontière et tribu Le
Kurdistan et le conflit de frontière turco-persan (1843–1932)
738:
544:
265:
1525:(2010). "Written Kurdish literature". In Kreyenbroek, Philip G.; Marzolph, Ulrich (eds.).
723:
8:
1528:
Oral
Literature of Iranian Languages Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Ossetic, Persian and Tajik
1301:
1030:
998:
748:
718:
461:
401:
1666:
1045:
848:
708:
481:
309:
232:
1691:
1670:
1635:
1613:
1554:
1532:
1508:
1411:
1359:
1348:
1205:
1126:
historian, the earliest known leader of the tribe, Bani
Ardalan, was a descendant of
1104:
1065:
879:
871:
843:
838:
828:
778:
773:
753:
531:
486:
388:
344:
334:
1714:
1658:
1099:(1171–1260/1341). Other tribal folklore stories claim that they emerged during the
1081:
1022:
900:
808:
783:
767:
733:
728:
521:
466:
426:
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82:
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86:
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991:
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592:
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451:
257:
1708:
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1594:
1578:
1069:
910:
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853:
823:
685:
495:
441:
436:
296:
1625:
1546:
1053:
952:
947:
665:
635:
100:
967:
1139:
655:
240:
1662:
1522:
1192:
1158:
1135:
1108:
625:
207:
1690:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 693–694.
1255:"میرنشینی ئەردەڵان، بابان، سۆران لە بەڵگەنامەکانی قاجاریدا 1799–1847"
1179:
1143:
962:
957:
650:
615:
605:
575:
325:
1171:
1151:
1084:
rank. The ruling family considered themselves to be descended from
1041:
972:
890:
680:
640:
580:
570:
72:
1085:
690:
585:
1147:
895:
620:
330:
90:
58:
1381:"The Kurdish Language from Oral Tradition to Written Language"
1044:
as capital. The territory corresponded roughly to present-day
244:
Amanollah Khan
Ardalan, Wali of Ardalan (1846–1848, 1860–1867)
1429:
1427:
1175:
1057:
1033:
935:
695:
360:
289:
279:
62:
1072:. When the vassaldom fell, literary work in Gorani ceased.
1049:
1037:
350:
340:
107:
1424:
1631:
Persia in Crisis: Safavid Decline and the Fall of Isfahan
1408:
The Kurds: An Encyclopedia of Life, Culture, and Society
1309:. Minority Rights Group International Report. p. 20
1216:, a language that was far more spoken than it is now.
1444:
1442:
1154:, where he established himself as an absolute ruler.
1040:
from around the 14th century until 1865 or 1868 with
1688:
Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume III/7: Banān–Bardesanes
1466:
1454:
1572:
1439:
1478:
1345:
1327:
1706:
1299:
999:
1378:
61:of various empires and dynasties including
1604:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1321:
1006:
992:
1677:
1433:
1341:
1339:
239:
1648:
1624:
1231:List of Kurdish dynasties and countries
1185:Soon after Nader Shah's assassination,
14:
1707:
1499:
1472:
1460:
1405:
1553:. Washington, D.C.: Mage Publishers.
1545:
1336:
714:Kurdish rebellions during World War I
1612:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 626.
1567:
1521:
1484:
1448:
1372:
1730:14th-century establishments in Asia
1026:
24:
1504:The Cambridge History of the Kurds
25:
1741:
1052:and the rulers were loyal to the
278:
212:
1113:
1090:
1531:. I.B. Tauris. pp. 1–31.
1507:. Cambridge University Press.
1399:
1293:
1247:
1128:Nasr al-Dawla Ahmad ibn Marwan
13:
1:
1725:Former Kurdish states in Iran
1720:History of Kurdistan province
1241:
1199:
552:Timeline of Kurdish uprisings
1138:. He settled down among the
7:
1354:. Scarecrow Press. p.
1219:
134:• 1846–1848 1860–1867
27:Kurdish vassaldom of Persia
10:
1746:
1493:
1406:Maisel, Sebastian (2018).
1346:Michael M. Gunter (2009).
1328:Najat Abdulla-Ali (2006).
1146:and toward the end of the
1075:
759:Kurdish Republic of Lachin
744:Kurdish Republic of Ararat
29:
1332:(in French). p. 159.
1134:in 1011–1061 centered in
228:
187:
183:
173:
163:
159:
151:
147:
132:
120:
116:
106:
96:
78:
68:
54:
49:
39:
32:Ardalan (disambiguation)
1350:The A to Z of the Kurds
1300:David Mcdowall (1996).
1236:List of Kurdish castles
1210:Khan Ahmad Khan Ardalan
1130:, who was the ruler of
41:Principality of Ardalan
1281:Cite journal requires
1170:the principalities of
1095:), the founder of the
245:
175:• Disestablished
139:Amanollah Khan Ardalan
1678:Oberling, P. (1988).
1226:Soleyman Khan Ardalan
1150:period took over the
1120:Sharaf al-Din Bitlisi
1036:vassaldom in western
243:
79:Common languages
1379:Jemal Nebez (2000).
1060:was its main rival.
859:Kurdish philosophers
739:Kingdom of Kurdistan
565:Karduchian dynasties
50:14th century–1865/68
30:For other uses, see
18:Ardalan Principality
1436:, pp. 693–694.
1161:had overthrown the
1103:(244–651) or early
749:Republic of Mahabad
719:Simko Shikak revolt
165:• Established
1663:10.1111/hisn.12068
1587:Lévi-Provençal, E.
1260:(in Kurdish). 2002
1208:and his successor
1046:Kurdistan Province
709:Kurdistansky Uyezd
355:Southern Kurdistan
335:Northern Kurdistan
246:
233:Kurdistan Province
1697:978-0-71009-119-2
1206:Halo Khan Ardalan
1066:literary language
1027:میرنشینی ئەردەڵان
1016:
1015:
880:Kurdish languages
779:Turkish Kurdistan
774:Iranian Kurdistan
754:Al-Anfal campaign
724:Koçgiri Rebellion
365:Western Kurdistan
345:Eastern Kurdistan
238:
237:
224:
223:
220:
219:
44:میرنشینی ئەردەڵان
16:(Redirected from
1737:
1701:
1684:Yarshater, Ehsan
1674:
1645:
1621:
1576:
1564:
1542:
1518:
1488:
1482:
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1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1437:
1431:
1422:
1421:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1383:. Archived from
1376:
1370:
1369:
1353:
1343:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1308:
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1291:
1290:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1251:
1132:Marwanid Emirate
1118:). According to
1117:
1115:
1094:
1093: 1174–1193
1092:
1028:
1008:
1001:
994:
882:
834:Historical sites
784:Syrian Kurdistan
768:Kurdistan Region
734:Dersim Rebellion
729:Ararat rebellion
566:
282:
272:
261:
253:
248:
247:
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215:
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188:
143:
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36:
21:
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1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1440:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1410:. p. 166.
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1271:
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1263:
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1252:
1248:
1244:
1222:
1202:
1187:Karim Khan Zand
1163:Safavid dynasty
1122:, the renowned
1112:
1097:Ayyubid dynasty
1089:
1078:
1012:
983:
982:
931:
921:
920:
885:
878:
874:
864:
863:
804:Kurdish culture
799:
789:
788:
764:Iraqi Kurdistan
704:
611:Mir Jafar Dasni
601:
569:
564:
560:
547:
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536:
312:
302:
301:
292:
273:
270:Kurdish culture
266:Kurdish history
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35:
28:
23:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
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1727:
1722:
1717:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1680:"Banī Ardalān"
1675:
1657:(3): 431–463.
1646:
1641:978-0857731814
1640:
1634:. I.B.Tauris.
1622:
1583:Kramers, J. H.
1579:Gibb, H. A. R.
1565:
1560:978-1933823232
1559:
1543:
1538:978-1845119188
1537:
1519:
1514:978-1108473354
1513:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1451:, p. 626.
1438:
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1320:
1292:
1283:|journal=
1245:
1243:
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1167:Ottoman Empire
1116: 224–242
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1074:
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978:Zoroastrianism
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527:United Kingdom
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26:
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1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1651:The Historian
1647:
1643:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1626:Matthee, Rudi
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
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1556:
1552:
1548:
1547:Floor, Willem
1544:
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1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1498:
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1486:
1481:
1475:, p. 65.
1474:
1469:
1463:, p. 64.
1462:
1457:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1435:
1434:Oberling 1988
1430:
1428:
1419:
1417:9781440842573
1413:
1409:
1402:
1387:on 2004-12-21
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1365:9780810868182
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1125:
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1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1070:lingua franca
1067:
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541:
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532:United States
530:
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297:List of Kurds
295:
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53:
48:
38:
33:
19:
1687:
1654:
1650:
1630:
1609:
1602:
1550:
1527:
1503:
1487:, p. 7.
1480:
1468:
1456:
1407:
1401:
1389:. Retrieved
1385:the original
1374:
1349:
1329:
1323:
1311:. Retrieved
1302:
1295:
1274:cite journal
1262:. Retrieved
1249:
1203:
1191:
1184:
1156:
1079:
1054:Qajar Empire
1018:
1017:
948:Christianity
819:Celebrations
701:
700:
675:
636:Hasanwayhids
598:
597:
557:
556:
512:Turkmenistan
373:
372:
317:
316:
195:Succeeded by
194:
169:14th century
127:Bani Ardalan
101:Principality
1599:Pellat, Ch.
1591:Schacht, J.
1523:Blau, Joyce
1473:Atmaca 2021
1461:Atmaca 2021
1140:Goran Kurds
656:Hazaraspids
472:Netherlands
122:• ?-?
1709:Categories
1569:Frye, R.N.
1242:References
1200:Literature
1193:beglerbegi
1159:Nader Shah
1136:Diyar Bakr
1109:Ardashir I
1031:hereditary
849:Literature
626:Shaddadids
462:Kazakhstan
402:Azerbaijan
310:Population
208:Qajar Iran
97:Government
1671:143393018
1618:495469456
1608:Volume I:
1595:Lewis, B.
1574:"Ardalān"
1485:Blau 2010
1449:Frye 1960
1303:The Kurds
1180:Shahrizor
1157:By 1736,
1144:Kurdistan
968:Yazdânism
963:Yarsanism
958:Shabakism
872:Languages
651:Hadhabani
646:Marwanids
616:Aishanids
606:Shahrizor
576:Zabdicene
482:Palestine
326:Kurdistan
59:Vassaldom
1628:(2011).
1601:(eds.).
1571:(1960).
1549:(2008).
1220:See also
1172:Mukriyan
1152:Sharazor
1101:Sasanian
1064:was the
1042:Sanandaj
1029:) was a
973:Yazidism
929:Religion
891:Kurmanji
844:Folklore
839:Language
809:Clothing
661:Ayyubids
641:Annazids
631:Rawadids
599:Medieval
593:Kayusids
581:Cyrtians
571:Corduene
496:Chechnya
487:Pakistan
394:Caucasia
375:Diaspora
318:Homeland
258:a series
256:Part of
73:Sanandaj
1715:Ardalan
1686:(ed.).
1494:Sources
1124:Kurdish
1105:Abbasid
1086:Saladin
1076:History
1034:Kurdish
1023:Kurdish
1019:Ardalan
953:Judaism
814:Cuisine
797:Culture
691:Mokryan
681:Badinan
676:Ardalan
586:Moxoene
558:Ancient
545:History
522:Ukraine
467:Lebanon
427:Germany
417:Finland
412:Denmark
406:Georgia
398:Armenia
384:Belgium
179:1865/68
152:History
83:Kurdish
69:Capital
1694:
1669:
1638:
1616:
1597:&
1557:
1535:
1511:
1414:
1362:
1214:Gorani
1204:Under
1178:, and
1148:Mongol
1082:Turkic
1062:Gorani
941:Spread
916:Gorani
901:Xwarin
896:Sorani
702:Modern
671:Badlis
621:Daisam
517:Turkey
507:Sweden
492:Russia
477:Norway
457:Jordan
447:Israel
432:Greece
422:France
389:Canada
331:Turkey
290:People
252:
155:
142:(last)
112:
91:Sorani
87:Gorani
55:Status
1682:. In
1667:S2CID
1577:. In
1391:4 May
1313:2 May
1307:(PDF)
1264:2 May
1258:(PDF)
1176:Baban
1058:Baban
936:Islam
854:Music
824:Dance
696:Baban
686:Soran
666:Zands
502:Syria
452:Japan
361:Syria
63:Qajar
1692:ISBN
1636:ISBN
1614:OCLC
1555:ISBN
1533:ISBN
1509:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1393:2020
1360:ISBN
1315:2020
1287:help
1266:2020
1068:and
1050:Iran
1038:Iran
911:Laki
906:Zaza
829:Flag
442:Iran
437:Iraq
351:Iraq
341:Iran
268:and
108:Wali
1659:doi
1610:A–B
1142:in
1048:of
404:) (
400:) (
1711::
1665:.
1655:77
1653:.
1606:.
1593:;
1589:;
1585:;
1581:;
1441:^
1426:^
1358:.
1356:10
1338:^
1278::
1276:}}
1272:{{
1182:.
1174:,
1114:r.
1091:r.
1056:.
1025::
260:on
89:,
85:,
1700:.
1673:.
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1620:.
1563:.
1541:.
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1420:.
1395:.
1368:.
1317:.
1289:)
1285:(
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1111:(
1088:(
1021:(
1007:e
1000:t
993:v
770:)
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498:)
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408:)
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363:(
357:)
353:(
347:)
343:(
337:)
333:(
34:.
20:)
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