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in the early 1940s allowed torpedoes to run beneath a target's hull and explode there, beyond the bulges, rather than needing to strike the side of the ship directly. However, older ships were still being fitted with new external bulges through World War II, particularly US ships. In some cases this
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caught fire in her 150-millimetre (6 in) cordite magazine and had the potential to explode in proximity to a loaded ammunition ship. The admiral on hand ordered the monitor scuttled to prevent a catastrophic explosion. The first attempt to do so with 460-millimetre (18 in) torpedoes failed
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isolated from the ship's internal volume. It is part air-filled, and part free-flooding. In theory, a torpedo strike will rupture and flood the bulge's outer air-filled component while the inner water-filled part dissipates the shock and absorbs explosive fragments, leaving the ship's main hull
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The inner bulge is free-flooding and filled with water. The outer layer is filled with air. Lateral baffles prevent the entire bulge flooding in the event of it being pierced. Notice that the main armor belt (dark grey) only extends to just below the
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Later designs of bulges incorporated various combinations of air and water filled compartments and packing of wood and sealed tubes. As bulges increased a ship's beam, they caused a reduction in speed, which is a function of the
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on either side of a ship's hull, intended to detonate torpedoes, absorb their explosions, and contain flooding to damaged areas within the bulges.
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due to the protective effect of the bulges. Half an hour later, a larger, more powerful 530-millimetre (21 in) torpedo was able to sink
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was torpedoed in 1917, and apart from a few minor splinter holes, the damage was confined to the bulge and the ship safely made port.
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structurally intact. Transverse bulkheads within the bulge limit flooding to the damaged area of the structure.
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with its starboard torpedo blister removed during ongoing repair work, showing the original hull underneath.
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was to restore buoyancy to compensate for wartime weight additions, as well as for torpedo protection.
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World Wars. It involved fitting (or retrofitting) partially water-filled compartmentalized
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that ripped off 15 metres (50 ft) of her bulge. On the other hand, the bulges to
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was hit in 1918; this time damage to the elderly hull was confined to dented plating.
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St. Petersburg Daily Times - Mar 2, 1919 - Blister stops explosion of sub torpedoes
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Older ships also had bulges incorporated during refit, such as the U.S. Navy's
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411:(2nd, revised and expanded ed.). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
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had all new construction fitted with bulges from 1914, beginning with the
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A detailed discussion of the evolution of
Torpedo defense systems ~WWII
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Big Gun
Monitors: Design, Construction and Operations 1914-1945
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The Grand Fleet; Warship Design and
Development 1906–1922
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by striking the hole caused by the initial, ineffective hit.
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A schematic cross-section of a ship with anti-torpedo bulges.
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Essentially, the bulge is a compartmentalized, below the
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fitted with enormous bulges. This was fortunate for
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193:so fitted in 1914. These ships were used for
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252:remotely-controlled explosive motor boat
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16:Form of defence against naval torpedoes
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264:on 11 September 1918.
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101:improve this section
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191:protected cruisers
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69:Application
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218:Royal Navy
359:Citations
340:Footnotes
286:Yamashiro
199:submarine
163:waterline
117:June 2015
88:does not
310:See also
236:monitors
205:attack.
63:sponsons
271:Glatton
266:Glatton
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223:Revenge
207:Grafton
174:British
166:sponson
109:removed
94:sources
51:warship
31:drydock
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247:Erebus
241:Terror
232:-class
230:Renown
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59:Second
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211:Edgar
186:Edgar
154:Texas
55:First
413:ISBN
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