1678:
377:, to parents of German Protestant origin. His mother, Johanna Mueller, was an American of German descent; his father, Florenz Friederick Martin Kroeber, came to the United States from Germany at the age of ten, with his parents and family, and became an importer of French clocks as his wife's father, Nicholas Mueller. The family belonged to a German-American milieu that was upper middle-class, classical and rationalistic, and schooled in the German intellectual tradition.
33:
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1697:
2555:
424:). The anthropology department's headquarters building at the University of California was named Kroeber Hall in his honor, before being un-named January 26, 2021, in order to "help Berkeley recognize a challenging part of our history, while better supporting the diversity of today's academic community." He was associated with Berkeley until his retirement in 1946. He died in
2846:
362:
652:
Kroeber's childhood friend Carl
Alsberg described him as a "good listener" and able "to be objective, to see the other point of view, to penetrate behind another person's behavior to his underlying thought These traits indicate a sincerity and simplicity of character that primitive peoples sense at
380:
Alfred's family moved into New York City when Alfred was quite young, and he was tutored and attended private schools there. He had three younger siblings and all had scholarly interests. The family was bilingual, speaking German at home, and
Kroeber also began to study
680:
may well have established the way expert witnesses presented testimony before the tribunal. Several of his former students also served as expert witnesses; for instance, Stewart directed the plaintiff research for the
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1526:
1752:
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of the
University of California, Los Angeles, served as director of research for the federal government in the case. Both men were former students of Kroeber. Kroeber's impact on the
526:
575:
Kroeber influenced many of his contemporaries in his views as a cultural historian. During his lifetime, he was known as the "Dean of
American Anthropologists". Kroeber and
2958:
2928:
1745:
3003:
1738:
1390:
ed. I. Sutton (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press); ch. 6. Heizer, Robert F., and Alfred L. Kroeber (1976). "For Sale: California at 47 Cents per Acre".
3013:
487:, a cultural anthropologist and former colleague of Alfred, stated that this biography was just as important a work from an anthropologist's perspective as
3008:
2079:
633:(1923, 1948), was widely used for many years. In the late 1940s, it was one of ten books required as reading for all students during their first year at
544:(1925). In that book, Kroeber first described a pattern in Californian groups where a social unit was smaller and less hierarchically organized than a
2993:
456:
2509:
1022:
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1106:
420:. He was both a Professor of Anthropology and the Director of what was then the University of California Museum of Anthropology (now the
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1702:
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2823:
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475:
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2668:
2544:
993:
421:
338:
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602:
Indian. (Ishi may have been of mixed ethnic heritage, with a father from the Wintu, Maidu or
Nomlaki tribes.) His second wife,
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1610:
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1204:
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1084:
922:
699:
537:
390:
1031:, October 6, 1960. Accessed February 6, 2013. "A native of Hoboken, N. J., Dr. Kroeber was graduated from Columbia in 1896."
1762:
1386:
Beals, R. L. (1985). "The
Anthropologist as Expert Witness: Illustrations from the California Indian Land Claims Case," in
715:
349:, whom he studied over a period of years. He was the father of the acclaimed novelist, poet, and writer of short stories
649:; Kroeber believed that genius arose out of culture at particular times, rather than holding to "the great man" theory.
513:, and he contributed to anthropology by making connections between archaeology and culture. He conducted excavations in
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417:
334:
228:
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2223:
309:
1336:"Anthropologist A. L. Kroeber's Career as a Psychoanalyst: New Evidence and Lessons from a Significant Case History"
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2813:
656:
From 1920 to 1923 Kroeber conducted an active practice as a lay psychoanalyst, with an office in San
Francisco.
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1602:
729:
480:
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and earning an BA in
English in 1896 and an MA in Romantic drama in 1897. Changing fields to the new one of
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1501:
722:
1023:"Dr. Kroeber Dies; Anthropologist; Authority on Indians Taught at California 45 Years—Wrote Standard Text"
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1730:
1221:
510:
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333:
awarded by
Columbia. He was also the first professor appointed to the Department of Anthropology at the
2836:
470:. This is the first scholarly book on Ishi to contain essays by Native American writers and academics.
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580:
1240:
2818:
677:
2461:
1283:
Fleras, Augie (2006). "Ishi in Two Worlds: A Biography of the Last Wild Indian in North
America".
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341:, where he served as director from 1909 through 1947. Kroeber provided detailed information about
2998:
2044:
1884:
1040:
J.H. Steward, "Alfred Louis Kroeber, 1876-1960", American Anthropologist 63 (1961), p. 1038-1087.
318:
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1964:
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771:
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556:" to describe this level of organization. Kroeber is credited with developing the concepts of
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2290:
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1900:
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Steward, Julian H.; Gibson, Ann J.; Rowe, John H. (1961). "Alfred Louis Kroeber, 1876–1960".
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in 1901, basing his 28-page dissertation on decorative symbolism on his field work among the
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Kroeber and his students did important work collecting cultural data on western tribes of
8:
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1972:
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447:, a widow who had been a student in one of his graduate seminars. They had two children:
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Kroeber received five honorary degrees (Yale, California, Harvard, Columbia, Chicago)
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887:(1963). New York: Harcourt, Brace & World (earlier editions in 1923 and 1948).
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540:. The work done in preserving information about Californian tribes appeared in
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After her husband's death, Theodora Kroeber wrote a biography of him, titled
455:. In addition, Alfred adopted Theodora's sons by her first marriage, Ted and
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1052:"Kroeber Hall, honoring anthropologist who symbolizes exclusion, is unnamed"
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2012:
1988:
1948:
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1620:
1563:. Critical studies in the history of anthropology series, vol. 1. Lincoln:
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761:
University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology
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University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology
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448:
437:
398:
330:
238:
208:
147:
1760:
1409:
Stewart, Omer C (1961). "Kroeber and the Indian Claims Commission Cases".
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University of California, Berkeley College of Letters and Science faculty
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in North America, being responsible for theoretical groupings such as
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2004:
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Kroeber served early on as the plaintiffs' director of research in
389:
in school, beginning a lifelong interest in languages. He attended
2857:
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1241:"ARF Newsletter 1996 v3-2 | Archaeological Research Facility"
413:. It was the first doctorate in anthropology awarded by Columbia.
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955:, October 1961, New Series 63(5:1):1038–1087, accessed 5 Nov 2010
416:
Kroeber spent most of his career in California, primarily at the
410:
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In 2003, Clifton and Karl Kroeber published a book of essays on
2580:
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1633:
Totems and Teachers: Key Figures in the History of Anthropology
642:
518:
641:(1944), had a lasting impact on social scientific research on
612:. Kroeber's relationship with Ishi was the subject of a film,
436:
Kroeber married Henriette Rothschild in 1906. She contracted
301:
545:
425:
382:
79:
1561:
Invisible Genealogies: A History of Americanist Anthropology
1105:. New York City. April 23, 1987. p. D31. Archived from
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of the University of Colorado served as associate director.
653:
once and to which they respond by giving their confidence."
599:
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366:
342:
295:
1388:
Irredeemable America: the Indians' Estate and Land Claims,
945:
Julian H. Steward, "Alfred L. Kroeber 1876–1960: Obituary"
2964:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1427:
Stewart, Omer C. (1985). "The Shoshone Claims Cases," in
907:
Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886–1965
1631:(2004). "Alfred L. Kroeber". In Sydel Silverman (ed.).
711:
He held honorary membership in 16 scientific societies.
579:
were very influential in the genetic classification of
361:
857:
Culture. A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions
337:. He played an integral role in the early days of its
2834:
1285:
Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development
909:. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 217.
310:
289:
2959:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2929:
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
1707:(talk at UC Berkeley, 1956) (online audio recording)
968:. University of California, Berkeley. Archived from
451:, a literary critic, and the science fiction writer
298:
292:
1155:
317:; June 11, 1876 – October 5, 1960) was an American
286:
3004:Linguists of indigenous languages of North America
1594:
1163:
1137:Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology
562:Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America
440:and died in 1913, after several years of illness.
1589:
1465:
991:Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology – History
958:
778:; Sparkman, Philip Stedman (January–March 1908).
2870:
1264:"Makers of HBO's 'Tribe' Given a Warm Reception"
1130:"Memorial to Theodora Kroeber Quinn (1897–1979)"
966:"History, Anthropology Department, UC Berkeley"
1555:
885:Anthropology: Culture Patterns & Processes
3014:Members of the American Philosophical Society
2538:
1746:
1627:
1213:
1199:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
598:, who was claimed to be the last California
3009:Presidents of the American Folklore Society
1321:. New York: The Guilford Press. p. 375–382
2545:
2531:
1753:
1739:
1127:
1121:
666:Indians of California v. the United States
31:
1188:
1170:. New York: Dover Publications. pp.
940:
938:
936:
934:
803:
756:The Religion of the Indians of California
2994:Linguistic Society of America presidents
2824:Picayune Rancheria of Chukchansi Indians
2664:Painted Rock (Tulare County, California)
1597:Alfred Kroeber; A Personal Configuration
904:
744:Indian Myths of South Central California
736:
606:, wrote a well-known biography of Ishi,
552:in which Kroeber first coined the term "
476:Alfred Kroeber: A Personal Configuration
466:'s story, which they co-edited, called,
360:
2669:San Luis Gonzaga Archeological District
1447:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1442:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B"
1408:
1333:
1261:
1219:
1161:
529:(IAS) with the Peruvian anthropologist
422:Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology
109: 1906; died 1913)
2871:
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1727:, with 130 library catalog records
1411:Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers
1282:
1276:
931:
2526:
1734:
1385:
1329:
1327:
1194:
1166:Handbook of the Indians of California
828:Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin
822:Handbook of the Indians of California
700:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
659:
542:Handbook of the Indians of California
1763:American Anthropological Association
1434:
1319:Greatness: Who Makes History and Why
1049:
716:American Anthropological Association
692:
501:Although he is known primarily as a
1255:
1050:Kell, Gretchen (January 26, 2021).
345:, the last surviving member of the
16:American anthropologist (1876–1960)
13:
2984:Linguists of Uto-Aztecan languages
2919:Columbia College (New York) alumni
1635:(2nd ed.). Walnut Creek, CA:
1548:
1392:Journal of California Anthropology
1324:
1229:. bUniversity of California Press.
418:University of California, Berkeley
335:University of California, Berkeley
229:University of California, Berkeley
14:
3025:
2914:American people of German descent
1712:Guide to the A. L. Kroeber Papers
1663:
639:Configurations of Cultural Growth
2924:Writers from Hoboken, New Jersey
2909:Linguists from the United States
2856:
2844:
2814:Tejon Indian Tribe of California
2553:
1695:
1679:Works by or about Alfred Kroeber
1262:Higgins, Bill (March 20, 1992).
1075:Clifton and Karl Kroeber (2002)
881:Westport Conn.: Greenwood, 1957.
431:
329:in 1901, the first doctorate in
282:
2979:Linguists of Penutian languages
1519:
1494:
1459:
1421:
1402:
1379:
1366:
1311:
1233:
1089:
780:"Notes on California folk-lore"
708:He was awarded two gold medals.
548:, which was elaborated upon in
129:
106:
2939:Historians of Native Americans
1603:University of California Press
1223:The Patwin and their neighbors
1069:
1043:
1034:
1015:
1002:
984:
898:
848:(1952). University of Chicago.
730:American Philosophical Society
550:The Patwin and their Neighbors
525:. In Peru he helped found the
481:University of California Press
393:at the age of 16, joining the
1:
2954:20th-century Mesoamericanists
2778:Yokuts traditional narratives
1480:10.1525/aa.1961.63.5.02a00100
891:
594:He is noted for working with
591:, based on common languages.
505:, he did significant work in
459:, who both took his surname.
443:In 1926 he married again, to
2974:Linguists of Hokan languages
2969:Linguists of Algic languages
2949:Mesoamerican anthropologists
1601:. Berkeley and Los Angeles:
1565:University of Nebraska Press
834:"Native American Population"
784:Journal of American Folklore
723:National Academy of Sciences
721:Member of the United States
527:Institute for Andean Studies
496:
401:, he received his PhD under
321:. He received his PhD under
7:
2797:Reservations and rancherías
1694:(public domain audiobooks)
1197:California Indian languages
864:Paracas Cavernas and Chavin
511:anthropological linguistics
10:
3030:
1128:Mandelbaum, David (1979).
1079:, Univ. of Nebraska Press
905:Gilkeson, John S. (2010).
560:, cultural configuration (
533:and other major scholars.
479:. It was published by the
2944:American Mesoamericanists
2796:
2770:
2677:
2639:
2617:Thomas Jefferson Mayfield
2609:
2573:
2566:
2421:
2274:
2063:
1868:
1769:
1334:Burnham, John C. (2012).
1297:10.1080/01434630608668780
1172:160–163, 228–230, 234–235
581:Native American languages
271:
261:
234:
224:
214:
204:
199:
189:
177:
172:
168:
157:
142:
87:
68:
42:
30:
23:
2889:American anthropologists
2819:Table Mountain Rancheria
2771:Culture and spirituality
2678:Languages and sub-tribes
1429:Irredeemable America...,
1010:F. Kroeber Clock Company
915:10.1017/CBO9780511779558
678:Indian Claims Commission
2894:American archaeologists
2045:Alfred Irving Hallowell
1885:Marshall Howard Saville
1688:Works by Alfred Kroeber
1670:Works by Alfred Kroeber
1468:American Anthropologist
1077:Ishi in Three Centuries
953:American Anthropologist
879:Style and Civilizations
838:American Anthropologist
805:2027/uc1.31822005860226
772:Waterman, Thomas Talbot
604:Theodora Kracaw Kroeber
503:cultural anthropologist
468:Ishi in Three Centuries
356:
319:cultural anthropologist
2742:Southern Valley Yokuts
2732:Northern Valley Yokuts
2652:Islands in Tulare Lake
1965:John Montgomery Cooper
1850:William Curtis Farabee
1705:Sex in Natural History
1317:Simonton, D.K. 1994.
1220:Kroeber, A.L. (1932).
1195:Golla, Victor (2011).
453:Ursula Kroeber Le Guin
370:
339:Museum of Anthropology
2899:American ethnologists
2640:History and geography
2462:Virginia R. Domínguez
2347:Nancy Oestreich Lurie
2323:William C. Sturtevant
2240:Anthony F. C. Wallace
1901:George Grant MacCurdy
1097:"David G. Mandelbaum"
951:, first published in
845:The Nature of Culture
768:Kroeber, Alfred Louis
737:Partial list of works
668:, a land claim case.
615:The Last of His Tribe
445:Theodora Kracaw Brown
364:
219:Cultural anthropology
118:Theodora Krakow Brown
2989:Historical linguists
2904:American folklorists
2809:Santa Rosa Rancheria
2248:Joseph B. Casagrande
1818:Roland Burrage Dixon
1802:William Henry Holmes
1786:Frederic Ward Putnam
1716:The Bancroft Library
1531:search.amphilsoc.org
1527:"APS Member History"
949:American Ethnography
751:4:167–250. Berkeley.
629:Kroeber's textbook,
428:on October 5, 1960.
373:Kroeber was born in
365:Kroeber (left) with
278:Alfred Louis Kroeber
96:Henriette Rothschild
47:Alfred Louis Kroeber
2695:Yok-Utian languages
2622:Frank Forrest Latta
2591:Clarence Atwell Jr.
2315:Conrad M. Arensberg
2200:Frederica de Laguna
2168:Morris Edward Opler
1973:Elsie Clews Parsons
1810:Jesse Walter Fewkes
1725:Library of Congress
1703:Alfred L. Kroeber,
1162:Kroeber, A (1976).
826:, Washington, D.C:
635:Columbia University
485:David G. Mandelbaum
407:Columbia University
395:Philolexian Society
375:Hoboken, New Jersey
327:Columbia University
255:Charles F. Voegelin
251:Laura Maud Thompson
184:Columbia University
173:Academic background
61:Hoboken, New Jersey
2752:Tule-Kaweah Yokuts
2727:Kings River Yokuts
2707:Chukchansi dialect
2702:Buena Vista Yokuts
2438:Elizabeth Brumfiel
2283:Walter Goldschmidt
2080:Wendell C. Bennett
2072:William W. Howells
1778:William John McGee
1761:Presidents of the
1639:. pp. 27–50.
1243:. Arf.berkeley.edu
1102:The New York Times
1028:The New York Times
996:2011-07-25 at the
972:on October 9, 2014
859:(1952). Cambridge.
660:Indian land claims
609:Ishi in Two Worlds
490:Ishi in Two Worlds
371:
2832:
2831:
2762:Yawdanchi dialect
2722:Hometwoli dialect
2635:
2634:
2520:
2519:
2331:M. Margaret Clark
2299:Francis L. K. Hsu
2160:Sherwood Washburn
2120:E. Adamson Hoebel
1674:Project Gutenberg
1646:978-0-7591-0459-4
1612:978-0-520-03720-5
1591:Kroeber, Theodora
1574:978-0-8032-1710-2
1506:www.nasonline.org
1269:Los Angeles Times
1206:978-0-520-26667-4
1181:978-0-486-23368-0
1085:978-0-8032-2250-2
924:978-1-139-49118-1
840:, Vol. 36, No. 1.
714:President of the
693:Awards and honors
618:(1992), starring
351:Ursula K. Le Guin
275:
274:
247:Katharine Luomala
235:Doctoral students
162:Viking Fund Medal
3021:
2861:
2860:
2849:
2848:
2847:
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2737:Palewyami Yokuts
2659:Buena Vista Lake
2601:Poppies Martinez
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2524:
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2486:Alisse Waterston
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2414:
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2395:Yolanda T. Moses
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2371:Jane E. Buikstra
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2291:Richard N. Adams
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2264:Ernestine Friedl
2259:
2256:Edward H. Spicer
2251:
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2224:George M. Foster
2219:
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2184:Alexander Spoehr
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2037:Harry L. Shapiro
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2016:
2008:
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1992:
1984:
1981:Alfred V. Kidder
1976:
1968:
1960:
1952:
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1683:Internet Archive
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1502:"Alfred Kroeber"
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1431:op. cit., ch. 8.
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57:June 11, 1876
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2712:Delta Yokuts
2690:Proto-Yokuts
2596:Marie Wilcox
2510:Ramona Perez
2430:Don Brenneis
2422:2001–Present
2403:Jane H. Hill
2216:Cora Du Bois
2208:Irving Rouse
2176:Leslie White
2128:Harry Hoijer
2013:Ralph Linton
1989:Leslie Spier
1949:Edward Sapir
1925:Robert Lowie
1858:Walter Hough
1833:
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1596:
1560:
1534:. Retrieved
1530:
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1245:. Retrieved
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1145:. Retrieved
1143:(2): 237–239
1140:
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1107:the original
1100:
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974:. Retrieved
970:the original
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875:(49), 49-71.
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685:and for the
670:Omer Stewart
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663:
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637:. His book,
631:Anthropology
630:
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570:Anthropology
569:
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558:culture area
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449:Karl Kroeber
442:
438:tuberculosis
435:
415:
399:anthropology
379:
372:
331:anthropology
277:
276:
239:Cora Du Bois
225:Institutions
209:Anthropology
74:(1960-10-05)
18:
2884:1960 deaths
2879:1876 births
2788:Ghost Dance
2647:Tulare Lake
2504:(2019–2021)
2502:Akhil Gupta
2496:(2017–2019)
2494:Alex Barker
2488:(2015–2017)
2480:(2013–2015)
2472:(2011–2013)
2464:(2009–2011)
2456:(2007–2009)
2448:(2005–2007)
2440:(2003–2005)
2432:(2001–2003)
2413:(1999–2001)
2405:(1997–1999)
2397:(1995–1997)
2389:(1993–1995)
2381:(1991–1993)
2373:(1989–1991)
2365:(1988–1989)
2357:(1986–1987)
2349:(1984–1985)
1919:(1933–1934)
1895:(1929–1930)
1887:(1927–1928)
1879:(1925–1926)
1860:(1923–1924)
1852:(1921–1922)
1844:(1919–1920)
1836:(1917–1918)
1828:(1915–1916)
1826:F. W. Hodge
1820:(1913–1914)
1812:(1911–1912)
1804:(1909–1910)
1796:(1907–1908)
1788:(1905–1906)
1780:(1902–1904)
1474:(5): 1039.
1346:(1): 5–27.
1147:January 25,
1113:October 29,
1061:January 27,
759:(1907), in
747:(1907), in
718:(1917–1918)
674:Ralph Beals
507:archaeology
347:Yahi people
2873:Categories
2586:Estanislao
2574:Indigenous
2339:Dell Hymes
2112:Emil Haury
2088:Fred Eggan
1794:Franz Boas
1417:: 181–190.
1376:369 (1964)
1247:August 29,
976:January 7,
892:References
836:(1934) in
620:Jon Voight
515:New Mexico
403:Franz Boas
323:Franz Boas
262:Influenced
205:Discipline
194:Franz Boas
179:Alma mater
53:1876-06-11
2851:Biography
2454:Setha Low
2355:June Helm
2275:1976–2001
2064:1951–1975
2005:Neil Judd
1869:1925–1950
1770:1902–1924
1536:April 26,
1511:April 26,
1352:0065-860X
1305:216112743
689:peoples.
647:greatness
626:as Ishi.
572:, 1963).
497:Influence
483:in 1970.
2512:(2021– )
1692:LibriVox
1655:52373442
1593:(1970).
1583:44502297
1559:(2001).
1398:: 38–65.
1360:26304897
994:Archived
867:(1953).
687:Shoshone
585:Penutian
554:tribelet
143:Children
82:, France
2863:Society
2837:Portals
2747:Tulamni
2136:Sol Tax
1681:at the
1621:6202748
1451:June 1,
1021:Staff.
411:Arapaho
369:in 1911
134:
126:
122:
111:
103:
99:
88:Spouses
2581:Yoimut
2567:People
2561:nation
2559:Yokuts
2341:(1983)
2333:(1982)
2325:(1981)
2317:(1980)
2309:(1979)
2301:(1978)
2293:(1977)
2285:(1976)
2266:(1975)
2258:(1974)
2250:(1973)
2242:(1972)
2234:(1971)
2226:(1970)
2218:(1969)
2210:(1968)
2202:(1967)
2194:(1966)
2186:(1965)
2178:(1964)
2170:(1963)
2162:(1962)
2154:(1961)
2146:(1960)
2138:(1959)
2130:(1958)
2122:(1957)
2114:(1956)
2106:(1955)
2098:(1954)
2090:(1953)
2082:(1952)
2074:(1951)
2055:(1950)
2047:(1949)
2039:(1948)
2031:(1947)
2023:(1947)
2015:(1946)
2007:(1945)
1999:(1944)
1991:(1943)
1983:(1942)
1975:(1941)
1967:(1940)
1959:(1939)
1951:(1938)
1943:(1937)
1935:(1936)
1927:(1935)
1911:(1932)
1903:(1931)
1653:
1643:
1619:
1609:
1581:
1571:
1488:667051
1486:
1358:
1350:
1303:
1203:
1178:
1083:
921:
830:No. 78
824:(1925)
814:534527
812:
732:(1941)
725:(1928)
702:(1912)
643:genius
521:, and
519:Mexico
164:(1946)
158:Awards
152:Ursula
63:, U.S.
2783:Kuksu
1484:JSTOR
1445:(PDF)
1356:JSTOR
1301:S2CID
1227:(PDF)
1133:(PDF)
851:with
810:JSTOR
589:Hokan
546:tribe
426:Paris
387:Greek
383:Latin
128:(
124:
105:(
101:
80:Paris
1651:OCLC
1641:ISBN
1617:OCLC
1607:ISBN
1579:OCLC
1569:ISBN
1538:2023
1513:2023
1453:2011
1348:ISSN
1249:2013
1201:ISBN
1176:ISBN
1149:2019
1115:2022
1081:ISBN
1063:2021
978:2015
919:ISBN
763:4:6.
645:and
600:Yahi
596:Ishi
587:and
523:Peru
509:and
464:Ishi
385:and
367:Ishi
357:Life
343:Ishi
314:-bər
312:KROH
150:and
148:Karl
69:Died
43:Born
1723:at
1690:at
1672:at
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