577:
1160:
622:
477:
1921, Miasnikian and a majority of members voted to conduct a referendum in the
Armenian-populated mountainous part of Karabakh and make it part of Armenia. Just the next day, Kavbiuro decided to revise the decision and adopt a new one whereby Mountainous Karabakh would become an autonomous region within the
476:
of
Armenia and Azerbaijan had agreed that Mountainous Karabakh was now an inalienable part of Armenia. However, there was disagreement from the Azerbaijani side, which insisted on leaving the final resolution of the status of Karabakh for future Kavbiuro meetings. At a Kavbiuro meeting on July 4,
40:
804:
489:
Miasnikian was instrumental in the formation of state institutions and economy of the republic. Miasnikian also initiated active work towards eradicating the illiteracy and developing local manufacturing in
Armenia. He was succeeded as head of government of Soviet Armenia by
1224:
1219:
461:, an Armenian-populated region disputed between Soviet Armenia and Soviet Azerbaijan. Miasnikian engaged in negotiations with the rebels in Zangezur, offering a number of concessions in return for accepting Soviet authority in Armenia, but on June 3, 1921 the
576:
485:
unsuccessfully protested the decision. Six months later, Miasnikian told the First
Congress of the Armenian Communist Party that Azerbaijan had threatened to cut off Armenia's supply of kerosene if they demanded Karabakh.
1066:
1274:
400:(August 1917). In September 1917, he was elected chairman of the Northwestern Regional Committee of the Bolshevik Party (the predecessor of the Bolshevik party organization in Byelorussia). After the
446:. On his way to Armenia, he delivered Lenin's letter "To the Comrade Communists of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, Dagestan, and the Mountainous Republic" to the Caucasian Bolshevik leadership in
1264:
397:
1269:
1239:
404:, he was elected chairman the Revolutionary Military Committee of the Northwestern Front. Miasnikian was then elected commander of the Western Front at the soldiers' congress of deputies.
453:
After arriving in Soviet
Armenia in May 1921 and taking leadership of the government, Miasnikian was faced with two urgent issues: the anti-Bolshevik rebellion in the southern region of
1244:
1214:
509:, the history of the revolutionary movement, and Armenian literature. He began writing reviews for theater in 1906. His works about Armenian literature include the article "
521:. In literature, Miasnikian criticized apolitical approaches to literature and the concept of "art for art's sake" in articles like "Philanthropy and its Lackeys" (1912).
1279:
568:, who left Sukhumi for the funeral in Tiflis, was suspicious of the cause of the crash. Others who believed it was deliberate suspected Beria himself had organized it.
1234:
881:
416:
442:
briefly overthrew Soviet authority in
Armenia, the Bolshevik leadership in Moscow decided to appoint Miasnikian head of the newly installed government of the
367:
in 1914, he was drafted into the
Russian Army. He was a member of an underground party cell in the army and promoted revolutionary ideas among the soldiers.
420:
1209:
1134:
1108:
495:
465:(the Bolshevik Party's decision-making body in the Caucasus) resolved to suppress the rebellion. The rebels were defeated and fled into Persia in July.
1259:
1034:
1199:
348:
in 1911. As a student in New
Nakhichevan and later in Moscow, Miasnikian was active in underground groups starting in 1901. He took part in the
824:
1229:
472:
should be declared a part of
Armenia. On June 12, Miasnikian signed a decree adopted by the Soviet Armenian government which stated that the
363:
Between 1912 and 1914, Miasnikian worked as an assistant to a lawyer in Moscow while continuing his political activities. After the start of
1098:
482:
412:
1189:
1159:
353:
313:
468:
The resolution adopted at the
Kavbiuro meeting on June 3 (at which Miasnikian was present) included a point which stated that
891:
553:
aircraft caught fire. According to eyewitness reports, people were seen jumping to their deaths to escape the burning plane.
407:
Despite being an active opponent of the idea of a Byelorussian autonomy, in 1918, he was appointed the first chairman of the
261:
1194:
478:
883:
From Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus: the Soviet Union and the Making of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno Karabakh
272:
95:
995:
443:
317:
145:
52:
1254:
439:
473:
1091:
454:
408:
375:
99:
134:
787:
141:
809:
415:
that briefly existed in January and February of that year. He was a member of the Central Committee of the
498:
in March 1922, Miasnikian held a number of leading positions in the federation's government, working from
1249:
1084:
818:
1225:
Candidates of the Central Committee of the 13th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
657:
1220:
Candidates of the Central Committee of the 12th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
556:
The cause of the fire was never established, despite separate investigatory commissions chaired by
1204:
349:
345:
625:
Armenian commemorative stamp of Alexander Miasnikian on the occasion of his 100th birthday, 2012
1076:
839:
514:
1061:
650:
411:. From 4–27 February 1919, Miasnikian was chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the
320:
from 1921 to 1922, he is credited with rebuilding the Armenian republic at the beginning of
1184:
1179:
1144:
1129:
1119:
506:
450:, which called on them to exercise moderation and slow down their transition to socialism.
931:
621:
8:
1139:
1124:
864:
629:
Several locations within the Soviet Union were named after him (including "Martuni", his
371:
325:
20:
918:(1989). "Nationalism and Democracy in Gorbachev's Soviet Union: The Case of Karabagh".
915:
760:
530:
518:
510:
401:
337:
991:
897:
887:
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557:
491:
208:
180:
168:
88:
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564:(second and third). Nothing was found to be wrong with the plane mechanically.
529:
Miasnikian was killed in a mysterious plane crash on 22 March 1925, along with
383:
321:
216:
901:
708:. His patronymic is variously given as Asatur, Astvatsatur, Fyodor and Bogdan.
1173:
1035:"Yerevan 1954: Anastas Mikoyan and Nationality Reform in the Thaw, 1954–1964"
987:
646:
341:
294:
75:
316:
from 1918 to 1919. As the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of
840:""Айцы" БССР і іхны лёс [The "fathers" of the BSSR and their fate]"
588:
565:
550:
241:
237:
741:"Why Autonomy? The Making of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region 1918-1925"
561:
364:
956:
949:
740:
642:
379:
344:) to the family of a merchant. He graduated from the faculty of law of
305:
265:
302:
251:
587:
called for reviving the memory of Miasnikian, alongside the writers
292:(28 January 1886 – 22 March 1925), also known by his revolutionary
1275:
First secretaries of the Communist Party of the Transcaucasian SFSR
542:
462:
428:
1071:
600:
546:
538:
499:
388:
233:
1106:
16:
Armenian Bolshevik revolutionary, military leader and politician
537:, the pilot and flight engineer. They had been on their way to
447:
1265:
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in the Soviet Union
1270:
Heads of government of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
393:
39:
357:
1067:Энциклопедия фонда "Хайазг" - Мясников Александр Фёдорович
863:
by Mikhail Bonch-Bruyevich, translated by Vladimir Vezey,
656:
is named after him; and until the disestablishment of the
386:. He also served as the editor of the Bolshevik newspaper
308:
revolutionary, military leader and politician. During the
312:, he served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of
1240:
Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic people
1245:
Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union members
78:(as Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee of Armenia)
886:. London & New York: Routledge. pp. 103–104.
813:(in Armenian). Vol. 7. Yerevan. pp. 646–647.
336:
Miasnikian was born in the Armenian-populated city of
1215:
Communist Party of Armenia (Soviet Union) politicians
505:Miasnikian wrote several works about the theory of
1280:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1925
51:Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of
1171:
427:was appointed Supreme Commander in Chief of the
421:Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
1235:Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia people
984:Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928
947:
978:
614:was released where Miasnikian is portrayed by
1092:
954:[Absurd and Monstrous Catastrophes].
802:
580:Monument to Alexander Miasnikian in Yerevan
494:in January 1922. After the formation of the
374:of 1917, Miasnikian became a member of the
1210:Communist Party of Byelorussia politicians
1099:
1085:
861:From Tsarist General to Red Army Commander
823:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1260:Russian military personnel of World War I
1033:Shakarian, Pietro A. (12 November 2021).
1032:
837:
734:
732:
730:
728:
726:
724:
431:, he appointed Miasnikian as his deputy.
943:
941:
620:
575:
413:Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
65:23 March 1921 – 30 January 1922
1200:Armenian people from the Russian Empire
879:
738:
356:in 1906. He was arrested and exiled to
142:People's Commissar for Military Affairs
1172:
798:
796:
721:
354:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
1080:
938:
1230:Russian Constituent Assembly members
948:Yevgeny Zhirnov (8 September 2008).
914:
875:
873:
783:
781:
1004:
908:
880:Saparov, Arsène (12 January 2018).
793:
398:6th Congress of the Bolshevik Party
396:. He was elected a delegate to the
378:'s military committee, leading its
13:
1055:
807:. In Hambardzumyan, Viktor (ed.).
444:Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
14:
1291:
951:"Нелепая и чудовищная катастрофа"
870:
778:
513:" and pamphlets on the poetry of
440:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
19:For the field hockey player, see
1158:
545:. Shortly after taking off from
38:
1026:
972:
788:Miasnikov, Aleksandr Federovich
610:about Miasnikian's life titled
481:. The Central Committee of the
1190:Politicians from Rostov-on-Don
854:
831:
739:Saparov, Arsène (March 2012).
702:Алекса́ндр Фёдорович Мяснико́в
683:
599:, in his March 1954 speech in
541:for a communist conference in
409:Communist Party of Byelorussia
100:Communist Party of Byelorussia
1:
671:
434:In March 1921, following the
1062:Александр Фёдорович МЯСНИКОВ
932:2027/spo.act2080.0028.004:03
810:Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia
757:10.1080/09668136.2011.642583
715:
694:Ալեքսանդր Ֆեոդորի Մյասնիկյան
606:In 1976, a film directed by
331:
286:Alexander Fyodori Miasnikian
7:
1195:People from Don Host Oblast
790:. Great Soviet Encyclopedia
135:Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas
10:
1296:
842:(in Belarusian). Cleveland
18:
1156:
1115:
1107:First Secretaries of the
920:Michigan Quarterly Review
838:Калубовіч, Аўген (1985).
803:Mnatsakanyan, A. (1981).
701:
693:
658:Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
571:
279:
257:
247:
222:
195:
190:
186:
174:
162:
151:
140:
128:
116:
105:
94:
82:
69:
58:
50:
46:
37:
30:
1255:Armenian revolutionaries
1072:Энцыкляпедыя Электронная
1012:"Former Prime Ministers"
950:
805:"Myasnikyan, Alekʻsandr"
676:
649:, an Armenian-populated
645:provinces); In Russia's
524:
483:Armenian Communist Party
1014:. Government of Armenia
350:1905 Russian Revolution
273:Russian Communist Party
990:. pp. 2615–2616.
626:
581:
515:Hovhannes Hovhannisyan
382:faction together with
668:were called Martuni.
637:and two villages (in
624:
579:
1145:Mamia Orakhelashvili
1130:Mamia Orakhelashvili
1120:Aleksandr Miasnikyan
1039:Peripheral Histories
664:and its surrounding
470:Mountainous Karabakh
459:Mountainous Karabakh
457:and the question of
438:where forces of the
419:for the short-lived
123:position established
32:Alexander Miasnikian
1140:Vissarion Lominadze
1125:Sergo Ordzhonikidze
1109:Transcaucasian SFSR
916:Suny, Ronald Grigor
865:Progress Publishers
745:Europe-Asia Studies
496:Transcaucasian SFSR
372:February Revolution
326:New Economic Policy
21:Aleksandr Myasnikov
627:
582:
531:Solomon Mogilevsky
519:Hovhannes Tumanyan
402:October Revolution
1250:Armenian atheists
1167:
1166:
1135:Rukholla Akhundov
986:(ePub ed.).
893:978-1-317-63783-7
819:cite encyclopedia
633:): In Armenia, a
616:Khoren Abrahamyan
597:Yeghishe Charents
593:Raphael Patkanian
511:Mikael Nalbandian
436:February Uprising
346:Moscow University
310:Russian Civil War
283:
282:
213:Don Voisko Oblast
1287:
1162:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1078:
1077:
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785:
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775:
773:
771:
736:
709:
703:
695:
687:
608:Frunze Dovlatyan
535:Georgi Atarbekov
507:Marxism-Leninism
425:Nikolai Krylenko
360:that same year.
229:
205:
203:
191:Personal details
177:
165:
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131:
119:
110:
85:
72:
63:
42:
28:
27:
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1170:
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1150:Lavrentiy Beria
1111:
1105:
1058:
1056:Further reading
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779:
769:
767:
737:
722:
718:
713:
712:
704:. Also spelled
688:
684:
679:
674:
585:Anastas Mikoyan
574:
558:Lavrentiy Beria
527:
492:Sargis Lukashin
479:Azerbaijani SSR
417:Bolshevik Party
352:and joined the
340:(now a part of
338:New Nakhichevan
334:
271:
269:
258:Political party
231:
227:
209:Nor Nakhichevan
207:
206:9 February 1886
201:
199:
181:Hayk Bzhishkyan
175:
169:Avis Nurijanyan
163:
157:
152:
129:
117:
111:
106:
96:First Secretary
89:Sargis Lukashin
83:
70:
64:
59:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1283:
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1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
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1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1205:Old Bolsheviks
1202:
1197:
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997:978-1594203794
996:
980:Stephen Kotkin
971:
937:
926:(4): 481–506.
907:
892:
869:
867:, 1966, p. 232
853:
830:
792:
777:
751:(2): 281–323.
719:
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714:
711:
710:
681:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
660:, the town of
573:
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526:
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384:Mikhail Frunze
333:
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281:
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230:(aged 39)
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217:Russian Empire
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988:Penguin Press
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682:
669:
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663:
659:
655:
653:
648:
647:Rostov Oblast
644:
640:
636:
632:
631:nom de guerre
623:
619:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
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569:
567:
563:
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418:
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410:
405:
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399:
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385:
381:
377:
376:Western Front
373:
368:
366:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:Rostov-on-Don
339:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
304:
300:
297:
296:
295:nom de guerre
291:
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267:
263:
260:
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253:
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246:
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226:22 March 1925
225:
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76:Sarkis Kasyan
74:
68:
62:
57:
54:
49:
45:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
1042:. Retrieved
1038:
1028:
1016:. Retrieved
1006:
983:
974:
962:. Retrieved
960:(in Russian)
955:
923:
919:
910:
882:
860:
856:
844:. Retrieved
833:
808:
768:. Retrieved
748:
744:
705:
685:
651:
630:
628:
611:
605:
583:
566:Leon Trotsky
560:(first) and
555:
551:Junkers F 13
528:
504:
488:
467:
452:
433:
406:
387:
369:
362:
335:
298:
293:
289:
285:
284:
270:(1904–1918)
242:Soviet Union
238:Georgian SSR
228:(1925-03-22)
176:Succeeded by
153:
130:Succeeded by
122:
107:
84:Succeeded by
60:
25:
1185:1925 deaths
1180:1886 births
964:14 February
770:30 December
639:Gegharkunik
562:Karl Pauker
365:World War I
314:Byelorussia
275:(1918–1925)
248:Nationality
164:Preceded by
118:Preceded by
71:Preceded by
1174:Categories
957:Kommersant
902:1124532887
706:Myasnikyan
672:References
654:(district)
370:After the
266:Bolsheviks
202:1886-02-09
846:2 January
765:154783461
716:Citations
662:Khojavend
380:Bolshevik
332:Biography
306:Bolshevik
301:, was an
290:Myasnikov
158:1921–1922
154:In office
112:1918–1919
108:In office
61:In office
982:(2014).
690:Armenian
666:province
543:Abkhazia
463:Kavbiuro
455:Zangezur
429:Red Army
303:Armenian
252:Armenian
698:Russian
643:Armavir
612:Yerkunk
601:Yerevan
539:Sukhumi
474:Revkoms
423:. When
328:(NEP).
318:Armenia
299:Martuni
146:Armenia
98:of the
53:Armenia
1044:27 May
1018:8 July
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595:, and
572:Legacy
549:, the
547:Tiflis
500:Tiflis
448:Tiflis
389:Zvezda
234:Tiflis
761:S2CID
677:Notes
652:raion
589:Raffi
525:Death
394:Minsk
322:Lenin
262:RSDLP
232:near
1046:2022
1020:2015
992:ISBN
966:2015
898:OCLC
888:ISBN
848:2018
825:link
772:2020
641:and
635:city
517:and
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223:Died
196:Born
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753:doi
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392:in
324:'s
288:or
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