326:
155:
229:
301:. Being a scout was dangerous, they could be killed or scalped. McGuffy had a number of close calls, once a shot just missed him and penetrated the tree that he was standing behind. Another time, a shot hit his powder horn, but missed him. Other close calls were when he was spotted by a number of Native Americans and he ran away, until they covered a great distance and his pursuers finally gave up. McGuffey served until 1796.
279:
401:
17:
422:
The first
European settlers began moving into the area in 1798. McGuffey began clearing the land and building a log cabin in 1800. The area had a great source of game, nuts, and berries. The land was flatter than western Pennsylvania, which made for easier cultivation of crops, like potatoes, squash,
562:
visited the McGuffeys at their
Shenango River homestead. His daughter Elizabeth M. Drake married McGuffey's son Alexander. Drake, who was 62 years of age at the time, founded the first medical college west of the Alleghenies. Like the McGuffeys, Daniel Drake and his parents had experienced struggles
376:
The McGuffey family were opposed to drinking but probably didn't care for taxation by the
Federal government. Still, they were fiercely patriotic to the Federal government and would expect the government to help with things like protection and roads. For the McGuffeys as well as many Scotch–Irish,
348:
In
December 1797, McGuffey married Anna Holmes (born 1776), whose parents were Jane Roney Holmes and Henry Holmes of the "Rural Grove" farm in Washington County. The Holmes were among the wealthiest Scotch–Irish in the county. Jane was educated in the frontier school system. McGuffey and his wife
99:
and his officers visited the tavern several times during the war. McGuffey was used to seeing soldiers and he learned about the war by listening to conversations amongst the tavern's patrons. At the end of the war, William McGuffey returned to run the farm. He also managed the tavern and he began
68:
in the southwestern corner of
Scotland. His parents were Ann McKittrick and William McGuffey. Nicknamed "Scotch Billy", his father was a farmer and a clobber, which could mean that he painted pottery to look like oriental ceramics or that he repaired shoes with glue. When McGuffey was five or six
258:
trained and tested their ability to hunt, shoot, run, and swim. They were also tested on their ability to spy on tribesmen and how they would manage confrontations with Native
Americans. Both Duncan and McGuffey were accepted and sent out on military expeditions. They were outfitted in a
359:
In 1789, Washington County had about 1,540 residents, 840 of whom were enslaved people. The county's Scot-Irish residents were either aristocratic
Presbyterians or conservative Covenanters. They had different opinions about slavery, alcohol consumption, politics
673:(north of Youngstown). Trumbull County was a large county established in 1800 for the Connecticut Western Reserve areas in Ohio, including Coitsville. It went west from the Pennsylvania-Ohio state border and was later subdivided into 14 counties, including
123:. Land was cheap there and Scottish-Irish settlers were finding success as farmers and makers of iron and whiskey. Buffalo, deer, otter, beaver, small game, and turkeys were ample sources of food and animal furs. The McGuffeys identified themselves as
111:, for western Pennsylvania, which had just been opened for settlement. Williams's 18 year-old daughter Elizabeth died and was buried along the trail. McGuffey and his 21 year-old sister Catherine completed the journey with their parents to
550:
some time before 1847. He married Mary
Hemphill Dickey, "a very estimable lady." McGuffey's parents Ann McKittrick and William McGuffey moved in with the couple. His mother Ann lived to the age of 90 and William lived to be 94.
578:
In 1847, Drake visited McGuffey and they talked about his days as a scout. Afterwards, Drake wrote a short biography of McGuffey's life. He shared the biography and his thoughts about his life with their shared grandchildren:
583:
Now, my Petit-fils, while you know personally one of your grand-fathers, you have a short biography of the other. I hope you will read it attentively, and in doing so, you will learn a few things that may be useful to you.
267:, and they were given a tomahawk and a dirk. The tomahawk was used to cut trees to create a shelter and to cut their way through the forests of Ohio and Pennsylvania. McGuffey first served out of a small fort near
377:
armed rebellion against the
American government was wrong, especially if it was the army of George Washington. They appeared to have been ambivalent on the question of slavery, not unlike most of the Scotch-Irish.
563:
on the frontier, and Dan was sent to
Cincinnati in 1800 to receive an education. He became a physician and lived in comfort. His and McGuffey's grandchildren lived a life of luxury and attended private schools.
435:
and Scotch–Irish also moved into the diverse community. The community of varying backgrounds, had a hatred of war, slavery, and drunkenness. They had shared values, such as providing children good educations.
501:
In 1802, the McGuffeys left Washington County with their three children and his parents, William and Ann McGuffey. They bought a 160-acre farm in the village of
1271:
356:
McGuffey was a farmer. He also built houses, roads, and bridges. He managed the repercussions of droughts, floods, pests, and wild animals on the frontier.
1334:
591:
Second, that when there is danger, as was the case when your grand-father was young, you should not fear it, but go straight ahead, and try to overcome it.
513:. McGuffey sat on the local school board, was a "house appraiser", and was a "lister of property". Anna homeschooled their children. During the winter,
56:. Their mother Anna Holmes McGuffey provided their earliest education and ensured that they received a good formal education outside of their home.
934:
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built a log cabin on the Rural Grove farm and they lived there for five years. During that time, the couple had three children Jane (b. 1799),
1329:
653:
1339:
1144:
88:(1775–1783). More than half of the soldiers were believed to have been Scottish-Irish men, who had a "deep seeded hatred of the
1300:
459:
329:
1024:
643:, where it was put back together. The site of the 70-acre farm was established as a memorial to William Holmes McGuffey.
116:
1349:
598:
This, as I was told, was the character of your grandfather and his neighbors loved and respected him because of it.
112:
134:. They were against drinking, slavery, and dancing. They were also against governmental and church regulations.
308:
and attained the rank of general. He was elected governor of Ohio and established the "Fruit Hill" estate near
771:
1354:
1130:
524:
William began teaching at the age of 14 and between teaching positions, he studied at Old Stone Academy in
521:'s school in Youngstown, about five miles from their house. They studied there until Wick's death in 1814.
572:
529:
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47:
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During William's absence, the family continued to farm the land and they opened and operated a tavern.
85:
1344:
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471:
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340:. A small structure and fence at the William H. McGuffey Boyhood Home Site, located in northwestern
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First, that a great deal of active exercise makes a person strong, swift, healthy and of long life.
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89:
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Children in the community were taught to read, write and spell, and memorize verses using the
1290:
670:
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138:
528:, where Rev. Thomas Hughes was the headmaster. William then helped his much younger brother
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textbooks for elementary education. His wife Anna died while the family was still in Ohio.
149:
39:
8:
210:
163:
128:
35:
640:
636:
457:. Children's books and novels were used by some to teach reading and spelling, such as
131:
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309:
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George Washington stopped at the McGuffey home at least three times during the war.
666:
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81:
70:
52:
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477:
333:
243:
232:
108:
104:
24:
699:
228:
947:– via Cambridge Public Library's Historic Cambridge Newspaper Collection.
547:
1313:
1229:
The Ohio Educational Monthly and the National Teacher: A Journal of Education
807:. Vol. 1. Greenfield Village & Henry Ford Museum. 1934. p. 12.
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attain an education. They both contributed to the creation of the successful
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198:
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73:. They landed in Philadelphia in August 1774 and then established a farm in
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555:
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298:
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186:
65:
20:
427:, who shared improved farming methods, and New Englanders of conservative
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beans, corn, oats, and wheat. The community included Pennsylvania Germans
305:
154:
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34:(November 22, 1767–March 1, 1855), was a Scottish American scout on the
633:
559:
510:
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Third, that for men to be esteemed they must be honest and fear God.
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stock, who shared how to tap trees for syrup and build gristmills.
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209:)—raided settlements in Western Pennsylvania and throughout the
16:
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McGuffey returned to western Pennsylvania and lived along the
407:, the Ohio portion of the reserve is the yellow area south of
441:
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235:, McGuffey's best friend and fellow scout, when he was the
1284:– via Ohio History Journal, Ohio History Connection.
1194:
1192:
1007:
1005:
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297:, with the objective to push Native Americans out of the
1189:
289:
In the early 1790s, the young men served under General
137:
Further information on westward expansion in 1789:
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951:
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Some sources state that they lived in the village of
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Alexander McGuffey was born on November 22, 1767, in
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368:), and morals. They took opposing sides during the
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756:Pottery & Porcelain: A Handbook for Collectors
623:Watson states that the couple was married in 1794.
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963:
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632:In 1928, the cabin was disassembled and moved to
445:and other books. Some children were taught using
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826:
727:
285:with battles and massacres between 1775 and 1794
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1292:William McGuffey: Mentor to American Industry
383:William McGuffey: Mentor to American Industry
372:(1791–1794). The McGuffeys were Covenanters.
1276:Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly
1145:"Western Reserve Trumbull County Chronology"
103:In 1789, the McGuffey family set off on the
1335:People from Washington County, Pennsylvania
654:An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery
1017:
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1270:Ruggles, Alice McGuffey Morrill (1938).
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242:In 1790, McGuffey and his best friend
933:Watson, Elmo Scott (August 1, 1936).
652:In 1780, Pennsylvania enacted a law,
460:The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes
330:William H. McGuffey Boyhood Home Site
80:On May 27, 1779, McGuffey joined the
1025:"William Holmes McGuffey Birthplace"
686:Rev. William Wick was the father of
69:years old, his family immigrated to
1330:American people of Scottish descent
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571:McGuffey died on March 1, 1855, in
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517:and Jane boarded and attended Rev.
391:Connecticut Western Reserve in Ohio
23:who taught and tested McGuffey and
13:
213:. Boats transporting freight from
14:
1371:
1340:People from Mahoning County, Ohio
1232:. W.D. Henkle. pp. 327–329.
1125:Ruggles, Alice McGuffey (1950).
496:
353:(b. 1800), and Henry (b. 1802).
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321:Washington County, Pennsylvania
263:suit, buckskin leggings, and a
113:Washington County, Pennsylvania
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169:Native American tribes of the
59:
1:
1272:"The Father of the McGuffeys"
709:
656:to abolish slavery over time.
395:
1289:Skrabec, Quentin R. (2009).
935:"A New Memorial to McGuffey"
542:Shenango River, Pennsylvania
246:volunteered to be scouts at
158:Map of Native tribes of the
7:
669:(southwestern Ohio) and/or
573:Mercer County, Pennsylvania
554:On September 22, 1847, Dr.
507:Connecticut Western Reserve
405:Connecticut Western Reserve
304:McArthur served during the
115:. The family ran a farm in
48:Alexander Hamilton McGuffey
10:
1376:
1263:
1226:Bishop, J. Remsen (1896).
1127:The Story of the McGuffeys
489:
338:National Historic Landmark
147:
136:
86:American Revolutionary War
675:Coitsville Township, Ohio
342:Coitsville Township, Ohio
75:York County, Pennsylvania
27:to be scouts and fighters
1350:Pennsylvania Federalists
610:
526:Darlington, Pennsylvania
411:and between present-day
336:and has been declared a
225:were subject to attack.
171:Northwestern Confederacy
160:Northwestern Confederacy
143:
753:Hannover, Emil (1925).
315:
269:Wheeling, West Virginia
42:. He was the father of
608:
472:The Pilgrim's Progress
448:The New England Primer
419:
388:
345:
286:
271:, and operated in the
239:
166:
28:
1295:. Algora Publishing.
1152:Trumbull County, Ohio
1131:American Book Company
1029:The Henry Ford Museum
671:Trumbull County, Ohio
581:
466:Mother Goose's Melody
403:
374:
328:
281:
231:
157:
148:Further information:
139:Treaty of Fort Harmar
19:
1201:, pp. 106, 119.
332:is snow a part of a
150:Northwest Indian War
40:Northwest Indian War
1355:American militiamen
1186:, pp. 118–119.
1014:, pp. 117–118.
997:, pp. 120–121.
960:, pp. 109–113.
509:, near and east of
211:Northwest Territory
164:Northwest Territory
1154:. pp. 1, 2, 7
939:Cambridge Sentinel
641:Dearborn, Michigan
484:Gulliver's Travels
420:
346:
287:
240:
167:
132:Church of Scotland
32:Alexander McGuffey
29:
1302:978-0-87586-726-7
1096:, pp. 39–41.
1065:, pp. 37–38.
881:, pp. 36–37.
823:, pp. 33–34.
454:Blue Back Speller
370:Whiskey Rebellion
344:, United States.
310:Chillicothe, Ohio
273:Ohio River Valley
97:George Washington
50:, who edited the
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1345:Ohio Federalists
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667:Cortsville, Ohio
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567:Death and legacy
535:McGuffey Readers
503:Coitsville, Ohio
492:McGuffey Readers
386:
295:Arthur St. Clair
237:Governor of Ohio
127:who supported a
109:Conestoga wagons
100:cobbling shoes.
82:Continental Army
71:Colonial America
53:McGuffey Readers
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773:Household Words
768:
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728:
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712:
707:
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702:means grandson.
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688:William W. Wick
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478:Robinson Crusoe
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334:nature preserve
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244:Duncan McArthur
233:Duncan McArthur
201:(originally of
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117:Finley Township
105:Cumberland Road
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25:Duncan McArthur
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726:
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637:outdoor museum
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548:Shenango River
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451:and Webster's
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351:William Holmes
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299:Ohio Territory
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44:William Holmes
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759:. Scribner's.
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497:The McGuffeys
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36:Ohio frontier
33:
26:
22:
18:
1291:
1279:. Retrieved
1275:
1250:
1238:
1228:
1221:
1179:
1167:
1156:. Retrieved
1151:
1139:
1126:
1120:
1089:
1058:
1032:. Retrieved
1028:
1019:
990:
953:
942:. Retrieved
938:
903:
874:
862:
816:
808:
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799:
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604:Daniel Drake
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413:Pennsylvania
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283:Ohio Country
256:Samuel Brady
254:stronghold.
241:
168:
129:Presbyterian
107:, likely in
102:
94:
79:
66:Wigtownshire
63:
51:
31:
30:
21:Samuel Brady
1360:Covenanters
1325:1855 deaths
1320:1767 births
634:Henry Fords
425:anabaptists
362:Federalists
306:War of 1812
183:Potawatomis
173:—including
125:Covenanters
84:during the
60:Early years
38:during the
1314:Categories
1281:2021-06-09
1158:2021-06-11
1034:2021-06-09
944:2021-06-09
805:The Herald
710:References
700:Petit-fils
560:Cincinnati
511:Youngstown
490:See also:
396:Background
223:Ohio River
221:along the
219:Cincinnati
215:Pittsburgh
121:Claysville
530:Alexander
505:, of the
409:Lake Erie
248:Fort Pitt
191:Delawares
601:—
380:—
261:homespun
203:New York
195:Shawnees
1264:Sources
1255:Ruggles
1243:Ruggles
1214:Ruggles
1199:Ruggles
1184:Ruggles
1172:Skrabec
1113:Skrabec
1094:Skrabec
1082:Skrabec
1063:Skrabec
1051:Ruggles
1012:Ruggles
995:Ruggles
983:Skrabec
958:Ruggles
908:Ruggles
896:Skrabec
879:Skrabec
867:Skrabec
855:Ruggles
840:Skrabec
821:Skrabec
792:Ruggles
741:Skrabec
722:Ruggles
515:William
433:Quakers
429:Puritan
417:Indiana
207:Ontario
199:Senecas
175:Ojibwas
162:in the
90:British
1299:
265:jerkin
197:, and
187:Miamis
179:Odawas
1148:(PDF)
611:Notes
442:Bible
250:, an
144:Scout
119:near
1297:ISBN
481:and
415:and
364:vs.
316:Life
293:and
205:and
92:".
46:and
639:in
558:of
217:to
193:,
1316::
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360:(
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