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Other types of schoolbooks gradually replaced McGuffey's in the academic marketplace. The desire for distinct grade levels and less overtly religious content, and the greater profitability of consumable workbooks all helped to bring about their decline. McGuffey's
Readers never entirely disappeared,
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McGuffey believed that teachers, as well as their students, should study the lessons and suggested that they read aloud to their classes. He also listed questions after each story, for he believed that asking questions was critical for a teacher to give instruction. The
Readers emphasized spelling,
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work. The second Reader was used once students could read. It helped them to understand the meaning of sentences, while providing vivid stories which children could remember. The third Reader taught the definitions of words and was written at a level equivalent to the modern 5th or 6th grade. The
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McGuffey's
Readers were among the first textbooks in the United States designed to be increasingly challenging with each volume. They used word repetition in the text as a learning tool, developing reading skills by challenging students using the books. Sounding-out, enunciation, and accents were
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cited McGuffey's
Readers as one of his most important childhood influences. Otherwise Ford was poorly educated and read little. He was an avid fan of McGuffey's Readers first editions. Ford republished all six Readers from the 1867 edition and donated complete sets of them to schools across the
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beliefs and manners in their students. These goals were considered suitable for the relatively homogeneous
America of the early- to mid-19th century, though they were less so for the increasingly pluralistic society that developed in the late 19th century and early 20th century.
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emphasized. Colonial-era texts had offered dull lists of 20 to 100 new words per page for memorization. In contrast, McGuffey used new vocabulary words in the context of real literature, gradually introducing new words and carefully repeating the old.
97:. He completed the first two readers within a year of signing his contract, receiving a fee of $ 1,000 ($ 30,000 in 2023 dollars). He compiled the first four readers (1836–1837 edition), while the fifth and sixth were created by his brother
60:. William created the first four readers and Alexander McGuffey created the fifth and sixth reader. About 120 million copies of McGuffey's Readers were sold between 1836 and 1960, placing its sales in a category with the
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however. Reprinted versions of his
Readers are still in print, and may be purchased in bookstores across the country. Today, McGuffey's Readers are popular among homeschoolers and in some Protestant religious schools.
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McGuffey is remembered as a conservative theological teacher. He interpreted the goals of public schooling in terms of moral and spiritual education, and attempted to give schools a curriculum that would instill
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values of salvation, righteousness, and piety were excluded from the later versions, though they had been prominent in the early
Readers. The content of the books was secularized and replaced by middle-class
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The content of the readers changed drastically between McGuffey's 1836–1837 edition and the 1879 edition. The revised
Readers were compiled to meet the needs of national unity and the dream of an American
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during the 1840s. The series consisted of stories, poems, essays, and speeches. The advanced
Readers contained excerpts from the works of well-regarded English and American writers and politicians such as
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for grade levels 1–6. They were widely used as textbooks in
American schools from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century, and are still used today in some private schools and
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said "I got my first taste of Shakespeare from the selected scenes which I read in these books." Students were encouraged to memorize, and read aloud, classic orations such as
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notes that the Readers affected the first mass-educated and mass-literate generation in the modern world. The books made Shakespeare's plays widely known in America. Author
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publishing firm of Truman and Smith asked him to create a series of four graded readers for primary level students. He had been recommended for the job by longtime friend
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Corinth, Jacqueline. "'McGuffey's Eclectic Readers' and their Continuing Influence on American Education: A Historical Analysis of the Secondary Literature."
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Most schools of the 19th century used only the first two in the series of McGuffey's four readers. The first Reader taught reading by using the
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The McGuffey canon contributed to an American belief in Shakespeare's authority as second only to the Bible.
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vocabulary, and formal public speaking, which was a more common requirement in 19th-century America than today.
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series (1834–1913) matched it in popularity, written by a colleague of McGuffey's and begun in 1834.
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established a reputation as a lecturer on moral and biblical subjects while he was teaching at
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Lindberg, Stanley W. "Institutionalizing a Myth: The McGuffey Readers and the Self‐Made Man."
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70:. Since 1961, they have continued to sell at a rate of some 30,000 copies a year. Only the
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fourth Reader was written for the highest levels of ability on the grammar school level.
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method, the identification of letters and their arrangement into words, and aided with
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McGuffey and His Readers: Piety, Morality, and Education in Nineteenth-Century America
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United States. In 1934, Ford had the log cabin where McGuffey was born moved to
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325:(Report). Faculty Publications and Presentations, Liberty University. p. 4
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Neem, Johann N. "The strange afterlife of William McGuffey and his readers."
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Johann N. Neem, "The strange afterlife of William McGuffey and his readers."
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The Ohio Educational Monthly and the National Teacher: A Journal of Education
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234:. In 1936, Ford sponsored a collection of excerpts from McGuffey Readers.
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In the late 20th century many evangelical homeschooling parents used the
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Making the American Mind: Social and Moral Ideas in the McGuffey Readers
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to recapture 19th century conservative values for their children.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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Philip H. Christensen, "McGuffey's Oxford (Ohio) Shakespeare."
439:. Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, National Park Service
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The people's tycoon: Henry Ford and the American century
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Saunders, Dero A. "Social ideas in McGuffey readers."
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William Holmes McGuffey: Schoolmaster to the Nation
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665:Project Gutenberg downloads of McGuffey Readers
690:Early childhood education in the United States
620:(Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1994).
199:Shakespeare's tragedies were represented by
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656:Rare Book and Special Collections Division
430:"William Holmes McGuffey and His Readers"
375:"William Holmes McGuffey and His Readers"
52:The editors of the Readers were brothers
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193:Antony's Oration over Dead Caesar's Body
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540:American National Biography Online
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625:A history of the McGuffey Readers
548:International Journal of the Book
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243:Selections from McGuffey's Reader
635:Westerhoff III, John H. (1978).
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343:Bradford, John E. (1934-02-11).
310:. W.D. Henkle. pp. 327–329.
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503:(2009) pp 6–14, 28, 267, 481.
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627:(Burrows Brothers , 1911)
536:"McGuffey, William Holmes"
534:Best, John Hardin (2000).
304:Bishop, J. Remsen (1896).
253:It was completed in 1933.
247:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
685:Early childhood education
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241:composed a work entitled
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197:Henry V. to His Troops.
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597:20.2 (2018): 114–123.
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345:"The McGuffey Readers"
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201:The Hamlet Soliloquy.
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555:Children's Literature
386:National Park Service
285:Why Johnny Can't Read
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89:. In 1835, the small
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623:Vail, Henry Hobart.
609:5.4 (1941): 579–589
457:Smith, S.J. (2008).
121:McGuffey Reader 1901
67:Webster's Dictionary
660:Library of Congress
595:The Hedgehog Review
570:2.1 (1979): 71–82.
514:The Hedgehog Review
226:, Ford's museum of
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557:5.1 (1976): 58–63
463:Liberty University
459:"McGuffey Readers"
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329:2021-06-08
291:References
219:Henry Ford
185:Ron Powers
104:Lord Byron
91:Cincinnati
654:From the
228:Americana
179:Influence
164:Calvinist
151:Calvinist
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264:See also
658:at the
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127:phonics
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