2813:...a long list of ‘superstitious’ practices that are emphatically declared to be non-Islamic and objectionable, such as lighting candles or placing ‘wishing stones’ on the tomb, tying pieces of cloth to the shrine or to the trees in front of it, throwing money on the tomb, asking the dead directly for help, circling seven times around the trees in the courtyard or pressing one’s face against the walls of the türbe in the hope of a supernatural cure, tying beads to the shrine and expecting supernatural support from them, sacrificing roosters or turkeys as a vow to the shrine. The list is probably an inventory of common local practices the authorities wish to prevent from re-emerging.
7648:
2874:
8204:
7008:
1979:
1761:
2849:
173:
1879:. Additionally, Alevis are not opposed to looking to other religious books outside the four major ones as sources for their beliefs including Hadiths, Nahjul Balagha and Buyruks. Alevism also acknowledges the Islamic prophet Mohammed. Unlike the vast majority of Muslims, Alevis do not regard interpretations of the Quran today as binding or infallible, since the true meaning the Quran is considered to be taken as a secret by Ali and must be taught by a teacher, who transmits the teachings of Ali (
7891:
1524:
7624:
2759:
2677:(roughly, "Companionship") is a covenant relationship between two men of the same age, preferably along with their wives. In a ceremony in the presence of a dede the partners make a lifelong commitment to care for the spiritual, emotional, and physical needs of each other and their children. The ties between couples who have made this commitment is at least as strong as it is for blood relatives, so much so that müsahiplik is often called spiritual brotherhood
16518:
3046:
16556:
16544:
54:
2154:
2580:
7883:
347:
1840:
one of the archangels refused to prostrate before the light, arguing, that the light is a created body just like him and therefore inappropriate to worship. He remains at God's service, but rejects the final test and turns back to darkness. From this primordial decline, the devil's enmity towards Adam emerged. (The archangels constitute of the same four archangels as within orthodox Islam. The fifth archangel namely
16568:
16507:
7558:
1482:
2770:
2424:
7760:
role. Such centers no longer feature community business or deliberation, such as the old ritual of reconciliation, but emphasize musical and dance performance to the exclusion of these. Dedes are now approached on a voluntary basis, and their role has become more circumscribed – limited to religious rituals, research, and giving advice.
2642:), and is said to have drunk of the water of life. Some hold that Khidr comes to the rescue of those in distress on land, while Elijah helps those at sea; and that they meet at a rose tree in the evening of every 6 May. The festival is also celebrated in parts of the Balkans by the name of "Erdelez," where it falls on the same day as
1855:), who is asked by God, who they are. Gabriel answers: "I am I and you are you". Gabriel gets punished for his haughty answer and is sent away, until Ali reveals a secret to him. When God asks him again, he answers: "You are the creator and I am your creation". Afterwards, Gabriel was accepted and introduced to Muhammad and Ali.
8441:
7929:
Different estimations exist on the ethnic composition of the Alevi population. Although Turks are probably the largest ethnic group among Alevis considering their historical towns and cities. While
Dressler stated in 2008 that about a third of the Alevi population is Kurdish, Hamza Aksüt argued that
1839:
Angels feature in Alevi cosmogony. Although there is no fixed creation narrative among Alevis, it is generally accepted that God created five archangels, who have been invited to the chamber of God. Inside they found a light representing the light of
Muhammad and Ali. A recount of the Quranic story,
7901:
Most Alevi live in Turkey, where they are a minority and Sunni
Muslims the majority. The size of the Alevi population is likewise disputed, but most estimates place them somewhere between 5 and 10 million people or about 10% of the population. Estimates of the percentage of Turkey's population that
3022:
for annual charitable donation as there is in other forms of Islam (2.5% of possessions above a certain minimum). Rather, they are expected to give the "excess" according to Qur'an 2:219. A common method of Alevi almsgiving is through donating food (especially sacrificial animals) to be shared with
1651:
Originally one of many Sufi approaches within Sunni Islam; by the 16th century the order adopted some tenets of the Shia Islam, including a following of ʿAlī and the twelve imams, as well as a variety of syncretic beliefs. The Alevis acquired political importance in the 15th century, when the order
3116:
As in
Khorasan and West Asia before, the Turkmens who spearheaded the Ottomans’ drive into the Balkans and West Asia were more inspired by a vaguely Shiite folk Islam than by formal religion. Many times, Ottoman campaigns were accompanied or guided by Bektaşi dervishes, spiritual heirs of the 13th
7937:
Most Alevis are probably of
Kizilbash or Bektashi origin. The Alevis (Kizilbash) are traditionally predominantly rural and acquire identity by parentage. Bektashis, however, are predominantly urban, and formally claim that membership is open to any Muslim. The groups are separately organized, but
7759:
In the wake of 20th century urbanization (which removed young laborers from the villages) and socialist influence (which looked upon the dedes with suspicion), the old hierarchy has largely broken down. Many dedes now receive salaries from Alevi cultural centers, which arguably subordinates their
2337:
Dede: This is the leader of the Cem who represents
Muhammad and Ali. The Dede receives confession from the attendees at the beginning of the ceremony. He also leads funerals, Müsahiplik, marriage ceremonies and circumcisions. The status of Dede is hereditary and he must be a descendant of Ali and
7836:
languages (Turkish or
Kurdish for Alevi, Arabic for Alawites). Opposing political nationalism, with Alawites supporting their ruling dictatorship and considering Turks (including Alevis) an "opponent" of its Arab "historic interests". (Even Kurdish and Balkan Alevi populations pray in Turkish.)
7839:
Unlike Alevis, Alawites not only traditionally lack mosques but do not maintain their own places for worship, except for shrines to their leaders. Alevi "possess an extensive and widely-read religious literature, mainly composed of spiritual songs, poems, and epic verse." Their origins are also
7835:
Some sources (Martin van
Bruinessen and Jamal Shah) mistake Alawites living in Turkey to be Alevis (calling Alevis "a blanket term for a large number of different heterodox communities"), but others do not, giving a list of the differences between the two groups. These include their liturgical
3081:
During the great
Turkish expansion from Central Asia into Iran and Anatolia in the Seljuk period (11–12th centuries), Turkmen and Kurdish nomad tribes accepted a Sufi and pro-Ali form of Islam that co-existed with some of their pre-Islamic customs. Their conversion to Islam in this period was
11339:
Vorhoff, Karin. (1998), "Academic and
Journalistic Publications on the Alevi and Bektashi of Turkey." In: Tord Olsson/Elizabeth Özdalga/Catharina Raudvere (eds.) Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives, Istanbul: Swedish Research Institute,
3149:"savior sent to save them from the Sunni Ottoman yoke". However, pogroms against Alevi did not cease after the establishment of the Turkish Republic. In attacks against leftists in the 1970s, ultranationalists and reactionaries killed many Alevis.
11310:
Sökefeld, Martin & Suzanne Schwalgin (2000). "Institutions and their Agents in Diaspora: A Comparison of Armenians in Athens and Alevis in Germany." Paper presented at the sixth European Association of Social Anthropologist Conference,
10037:
2134:
A Dede (literally meaning grandfather) is a traditional leader that is claimed to be from the lineage of Muhammad that performs ritual baptisms for newborns, officiates at funerals, and organises weekly gatherings at cemevis.
1997:
Sources differ on how important formal doctrine is among contemporary Alevi. According to scholar Russell Powell, there is a tradition of informal "Dede" courts within the Alevi society, but regarding Islamic jurisprudence or
7727:
on the basis of selection (by a father from among several sons), character, and learning. In contrast to Alevi rhetoric on the equality of the sexes, it is generally assumed that only males may fill such leadership roles.
3136:
and related sects. This created a gap between the Sunni Ottoman ruling elite and the Alevi Anatolian population. Anatolia became a battlefield between Safavids and Ottomans, each determined to include it in their empire.
2804:
Many folk practices may be identified, though few of them are specific to the Alevis. In this connection, scholar Martin van Bruinessen notes a sign from Turkey's Ministry of Religion, attached to Istanbul's shrine of
11328:
Zirh, Besim Can (2008) "Euro-Alevis: From Gastarbeiter to Transnational Community." In: Anghel, Gerharz, Rescher and Salzbrunn (eds.) The Making of World Society: Perspectives from Transnational Research. Transcript;
8623:). They have no written doctrine specific to them, thus rules and rituals may differ depending on under whose influence one has been taught. Bektashis generally revere Sufi mystics outside of their own order, such as
11386:
Kaleli, Lütfü. (2000), "1964–1997 Yılları Arasında Alevi Örgütleri" içinde Aleviler/Alewiten: Kimlik ve Tarih/ Indentität und Geschichte, editörler: İsmail Engin ve Erhard Franz. Hamburg: Deutsches Orient-Institut,
11393:
Kaplan, İsmail. (2000), "Avrupa’daki Alevi Örgütlenmesine Bakış" içinde Aleviler/Alewiten: Kimlik ve Tarih/ Indentität und Geschichte, editörler: İsmail Engin ve Erhard Franz. Hamburg: Deutsches Orient-Institut,
2971:, since 1990 the activities there have been taken over by Turkey's Ministry of Culture in the interest of promoting tourism and Turkish patriotism rather than Alevi spirituality. The annual celebrations held at
7852:
The relationship between Alevis and Sunnis is one of mutual suspicion and prejudice dating back to the Ottoman period. Hundreds of Alevis were murdered in sectarian violence in the years that preceded the
3125:. After the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the Ottoman state became increasingly determined to assert its fiscal but also its juridical and political control over the farthest reaches of the Empire.
11293:
Rigoni, Isabelle (2003) "Alevis in Europe: A Narrow Path towards Visibility." In: Paul J. White/Joost Jongerden (eds.) Turkey's Alevi Enigma: A Comprehensive Overview, Leiden: Brill, pp. 159–173.
7818:
How the two minorities relate is disputed. According to scholar Marianne Aringberg-Laanatza, "the Turkish Alevis... do not relate themselves in any way to the Alawites in Syria." However journalist
11368:
Dumont, Paul. (1997), "Günümüz Türkiye’sinde Aleviliğin Önemi" içinde Aynayı Yüzüme Ali Göründü Gözüme: Yabancı Araştırmacıların Gözüyle Alevilik, editör: İlhan Cem Erseven. İsntabul: Ant, 141–161.
10910:
9533:
7675:"initiatory chain or lineage" of teachers and their students, Alevi leaders succeed to their role on the basis of family descent. Perhaps ten percent of Alevis belong to a religious elite called
7815:
following Muhammad as leader of the Muslims), and are located primarily in the Eastern Mediterranean. Like mainstream Shia they are known as "Twelvers" as they both recognize the Twelve Imams.
1937:
The plurality in nature is attributed to the infinite potential energy of Kull-i Nafs when it takes corporeal form as it descends into being from Allah. During the Cem ceremony, the cantor or
7832:
journalist Dorian Jones states that Turkish Alevis are suspicious of the anti-Assad uprising in Syria. "They are worried of the repercussions for Alawites there, as well as for themselves."
3132:
population of Anatolia that culminated in the establishment of a militantly Shiite rival state in neighbouring Iran. The Ottoman Empire later proclaimed themselves its defenders against the
11303:
Sökefeld, Martin (2004) "Alevis in Germany and the Question of Integration" paper presented at the Conference on the Integration of Immigrants from Turkey in Austria, Germany and Holland,
11321:
Wilpert, Czarina (1990) "Religion and Ethnicity: Orientations, Perceptions and Strategies among Turkish Alevi and Sunni Migrants in Berlin." In: Thomas Gerholm/Yngve Georg Lithman (eds.)
2657:. In addition to avoiding any sort of comfort or enjoyment, Alevis also abstain from food and water for the entire day, though they do drink liquids other than water during the evening.
8495:
Despite this essentially Shi‘i orientation, much of Aleviness' mystical language is inspired by Sufi traditions. For example, the Alevi concept of God is derived from the philosophy of
8072:
as an outlook on life rather than a religious conviction by renouncing the ties of Alevism with Twelver Shia Islam. The followers of this congregation, who later turned out to support
3090:
spoke more directly to the steppe mindset. These tribes dominated Anatolia for centuries with their religious warriors (ghazi) spearheading the drive against Byzantines and Crusaders.
9711:
Handan Aksünger Jenseits des Schweigegebots: Alevitische Migrantenselbstorganisationen und zivilgesellschaftliche Integration in Deutschland und den Niederlanden Waxmann Verlag 2013
8529:
There is some tension between folk tradition Aleviness and the Bektashi Order, which is a Sufi order founded on Alevi beliefs. In certain Turkish communities other Sufi orders (the
1659:
The term “Alevi-Bektashi” is currently a widely and frequently used expression in the religious discourse of Turkey as an umbrella term for the two religious groups of Alevism and
11203:
9441:
2256:. The dances symbolize (for example) the revolution of the planets around the Sun (by man and woman turning in circles), and the putting off of one's self and uniting with God.
8057:
The second group, which has the second most following among Alevis, are said to be under the active influence of the official Iranian Shia and to be confirmed adherents of the
3023:
worshippers and guests. Alevis also donate money to be used to help the poor, to support the religious, educational and cultural activities of Alevi centers and organizations (
10809:
Koşulu, Deniz (2013). "The Alevi quest in Europe through the redefinition of the Alevi movement: recognition and political participation, a case study of the Fuaf in France".
8020:
1640:, but may differ regarding their interpretation. They have faced significant institutional stigma from the Ottoman and later Turkish state and academia, being described as
8503:
from God, to spiritual man, earthly man, animals, plants, and minerals. The goal of spiritual life is to follow this path in the reverse direction, to unity with God, or
7779:
decreed Alevis to be part of the Shia fold in the 1970s. However, Alevi philosophies, customs, and rituals are appreciably different from those of mainstream, orthodox
8036:
The first group, who form a majority of the Alevi population, regard themselves as true Muslims and are prepared to cooperate with the state. It adheres to the way of
1952:
This is sung as a reminder that the reason for creation is love, so that the followers may know themselves and each other and that they may love that which they know.
2817:
Other, similar practices include kissing door frames of holy rooms; not stepping on the threshold of holy buildings; seeking prayers from reputed healers; and making
12894:
1685:, Alevism is a "relatively unstructured interpretation of Islam". Journalist Patrick Kingsley states that for some self-described Alevi, their religion is "simply a
16267:
10064:
16603:
16149:
10162:
2567:) prepared from a variety (often twelve) of fruits, nuts, and grains. Many events are associated with this celebration, including the salvation of Husayn's son
15517:
14808:
7926:, Alevism was discovered to be the eighth largest religion in England and Wales, after Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Judaism and Paganism.
11076:
10409:
9838:
6213:
16134:
3082:
achieved largely through the efforts not of textual scholars (ulema) expounding the finer points of Koranic exegesis and shari‘a law, but by charismatic
14421:
9802:
Also see, Öztürk, ibid, pp. 78–81. In the old days, marrying a Sunni was also accepted as an offense that led to the state of düşkün. See Alevi Buyruks
9505:
Wakamatsu, Hiroki (2013). "Veneration of the Sacred or Regeneration of the Religious: An Analysis of Saints and the Popular Beliefs of Kurdish Alevis".
1897:
The Twelve Imams are part of another common Alevi belief. Each Imam represents a different aspect of the world. They are realized as twelve services or
9367:
1663:. Adherents of Alevism are found primarily in Turkey and estimates of the percentage of Turkey's population that are Alevi include between 4% and 25%.
10136:
8563:. Bektashism is also heavily permeated with Shiite concepts, such as the marked veneration of Ali, the Twelve Imams, and the ritual commemoration of
16233:
11424:
Salman, Meral. 2006, Müze Duvarlarına Sığmayan Dergah: Alevi – Bektaşi Kimliğinin Kuruluş Sürecinde Hacı Bektaş Veli Anma Görenleri. Ankara: Kalan.
10528:
9412:
10217:
2091:. The existence of the third and fourth gates is mostly theoretical, though some older Alevis have apparently received initiation into the third.
11279:
Kosnick, Kira (2004) "‘Speaking in One’s Own Voice’: Representational Strategies of Alevi Turkish Migrants on Open-Access Television in Berlin."
7756:
lineage (but not others) on the basis of pre-existing family or village relations. Some fall instead under the authority of Bektashi dargahs.
13077:
8878:
7844:. Alevism started in the 14th century by mystical Islamic dissenters in Central Asia, and represent more of a movement rather than a sect.
11276:
Geaves, Ron (2003) "Religion and Ethnicity: Community Formation in the British Alevi Community." Koninklijke Brill NV 50, pp. 52– 70.
9056:
Karolewski, Janina (2021). "Adaptation of Buyruk Manuscripts to Impart Alevi Teachings: Mehmet Yaman Dede and the Arapgir-Çimen Buyruğu".
1750:
are representations of Allah's light (and not of Allah himself), being neither independent from God, nor separate characteristics of Him.
16164:
14863:
7822:
claims that both Alevi and the less than one million Alawite minority in Turkey "seem to be solidly behind Syria’s embattled strongman,
1036:
11528:
10792:"Creating cohesion from diversity through mobilization: Locating the place of Alevi federations in Alevi collective identity in Europe"
9479:
8665:عاشق. They are those who, while not having taken initiation into the order, are nevertheless drawn to it. Following initiation (called
4334:
2044:). The first gate (religious law) is considered elementary (and this may be perceived as subtle criticism of other Muslim traditions).
9650:Özbakir, Akin. Malatya Kale yöresi Alevi-Bektaşi inançlarının tespit ve değerlendirilmesi. MS thesis. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2010.
9449:
16238:
16154:
10990:(1999). Multiculturalism in the Ottoman Empire : The Alevi Religious and Cultural Community, in P. Savard & B. Vigezzi eds.
8068:
The third group, a minority belief held by the Alevis, is mainly represented by people who belong to the political left and presumed
7886:
Distribution of Alevi population in Turkey. Red = Anatolian Alevis (Turks and Kurds). Dark red = Alawites (Arabs) in Southern Turkey.
11149:
Shankland, David (1994). "Social Change and Culture: Responses to Modernization in an Alevi Village in Anatolia."In C.N. Hann, ed.,
10342:
16255:
13798:
13545:
11052:
10204:“Alevis in Turkey–Alawites in Syria: Similarities and Differences.” In Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives.
10163:"Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population, Pew Research Center"
8427:
6952:
5754:
4319:
3133:
1041:
1031:
11460:
10309:
Karin Vorhoff. 1995. Zwischen Glaube, Nation und neuer Gemeinschaft: Alevitische Identitat in der Türkei der Gegenwart, pp. 95–96.
10203:
7767:, Alevi women are encouraged to get the best education they can, and Alevi women are free to go into any occupation they choose."
5945:
16218:
16139:
13589:
11650:
7857:, and as late as the 1990s dozens were killed with impunity. While pogroms have not occurred since then, Erdogan has declared "a
5966:
2660:
Note that the dates of the Khidr holidays can differ among Alevis, most of whom use a lunar calendar, but some a solar calendar.
2268:
is a complex ritual occasion in which a variety of tasks are allotted to incumbents bound together by extrafamilial brotherhood (
10005:
9099:
Karakaya-Stump, Ayfer (2010). "Documents and "Buyruk" Manuscripts in the Private Archives of Alevi Dede Families: An Overview".
16159:
15107:
13021:
11418:Şahhüseyinoğlu, Nedim. (1997), Pir Sultan Kültür Derneği’nin Demokrasi Laiklik ve Özgürlük Mücadelesi. Ankara: PSAKD Yayınları.
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4868:
10758:
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11642:
10826:
9982:
9740:
9716:
9699:
9602:
9581:
9253:
8898:
8861:
11255:
Stokes, Martin (1996). "Ritual, Identity and the State: An Alevi (Shi’a) Cem Ceremony."In Kirsten E. Schulze et al. (eds.),
6505:
41:
This article is about the religious group mainly in Turkey. For the religious beliefs pertaining specifically to Kurds, see
14132:
12771:
11430:Şener, Cemal ve Miyase İlknur. (1995), Şeriat ve Alevilik: Kırklar Meclisi’nden Günümüze Alevi Örgütlenmesi. İstanbul: Ant.
8612:
12115:
11206:." French translation published as: "Les pratiques religieuses dans le monde turco-iranien: changements et continuités",
10554:
9662:"Differences & Similarities Between Anatolian Alevis & Arab Alawites: Comparative Study on Beliefs and Practices"
8944:"The Safavid-Qizilbash Ecumene and the Formation of the Qizilbash-Alevi Community in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1500–c. 1700"
8301:
3675:
3389:
2034:) is commonly understood to take place through four major life-stages, or "gates". These may be further subdivided into "
13432:
9023:
Karakaya-Stump, Ayfer (2019). "5 Mysticism and Imperial Politics: The Safavids and the Making of the Kizilbash Milieu".
11236:
10670:
10641:
10072:
8308:
7997:
of western China is Alevism. There are estimated to be around 30–50 thousand Äynu, mostly located on the fringe of the
6058:
4034:
2597:
11478:
11380:
Güler, Sabır. (2008), Aleviliğin Siyasal Örgütlenmesi: Modernleşme, Çözülme ve Türkiye Birlik Partisi. Ankara: Dipnot.
11022:
10169:
8785:, inclusive social roles for women, musical performances, various rituals celebrating the nature or the seasons (like
118:
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15975:
15635:
15629:
11143:
11046:
10975:
10961:
10947:
10742:
10480:
10383:
9767:
9627:
9075:
9040:
1510:
137:
14492:
11350:
Ata, Kelime. (2007), Alevilerin İlk Siyasal Denemesi: (Türkiye Birlik Partisi) (1966–1980). Ankara: Kelime Yayınevi.
11314:
Thomä-Venske, Hanns (1990). "The Religious Life of Muslim in Berlin." In: Thomas Gerholm/Yngve Georg Lithman (eds.)
10373:
2232:
whilst singing spiritual songs, some of which are centuries old and well known amongst Alevis. Every song, called a
90:
15892:
15748:
15283:
15179:
14472:
11157:
10982:
Die Kizilbas/Aleviten. Untersuchungen über eine esoterische Glaubensgemeinschaft in Anatolien. Die Welt des Islams,
10251:
8083:
as well. According to their philosophy, the human being should enjoy a central role reminiscent of the doctrine of
7861:
is not a place of worship, it is a center for cultural activities. Muslims should only have one place of worship."
7586:
13225:
12970:
11001:
9846:
16376:
16192:
14798:
14746:
14360:
13408:
13072:
11960:
11840:
10859:
Ataseven, I: "The Alevi-Bektasi Legacy: Problems of Acquisition and Explanation", page 1. Coronet Books Inc, 1997
10280:
3199:
10850:
Bilici, F: "The Function of Alevi-Bektashi Theology in Modern Turkey", seminar. Swedish Research Institute, 1996
9913:
9757:
8596:. There are many other practices and ceremonies that share similarity with other faiths, such as a ritual meal (
2477:
from the well, and the creation of the world on this day. Various cem ceremonies and special programs are held.
16623:
16441:
15999:
15897:
15040:
12788:
12766:
12080:
12045:
11521:
11473:
11440:
11096:
White, Paul J. (2003), "The Debate on the Identity of ‘Alevi Kurds’." In: Paul J. White/Joost Jongerden (eds.)
10732:
9216:
7972:
7783:. According to Alevis, Ali and Muhammad are likened to the two sides of a coin, or the two halves of an apple.
6497:
5014:
4457:
97:
75:
7854:
7745:
620:
16608:
16598:
15809:
15568:
15303:
12915:
12798:
12055:
11875:
11296:
Sökefeld, Martin (2002) "Alevi Dedes in the German Diaspora: The Transformation of a Religious Institution."
9192:
8994:
Alevilik-Bektaşilik Araştırmaları Dergisi: Forschungszeitschrift über das Alevitentum und das Bektaschitentum
8740:
was considered to be the highest ranking authority in the Bektashi Order. Traditionally the residence of the
7735:
did not merely lead rituals, but led their communities, often in conjunction with local notables such as the
4356:
4215:
3801:
3099:
1111:
665:
11220:
Erdemir, Aykan (2005). "Tradition and Modernity: Alevis' Ambiguous Terms and Turkey's Ambivalent Subjects",
11120:
10023:
8033:
A Turkish scholar working in France has distinguished four main groups among contemporary Alevis in Turkey.
2359:
and s/he is the light-keeper responsible for maintaining the light traditionally given by a lamp or candles.
16361:
16338:
15958:
15814:
15804:
15710:
15421:
15061:
14101:
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13100:
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5262:
5149:
906:
11383:İrat, Ali Murat. (2008), Devletin Bektaşi Hırkası / Devlet, Aleviler ve Ötekiler. İstanbul: Chiviyazıları.
10434:
Gezik, Erdal (2021). "The Kurdish Alevis: The Followers of the Path of Truth". In Bozarslan, Hamit (ed.).
1121:
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16463:
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16144:
15912:
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15140:
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9681:
Alevi Hafızasını Tanımlamak: Geçmiş ve Tarih Arasında. (2016). (n.p.): İletişim Yayınları.
9233:
8841:
5126:
3364:
1692:
The Alevi beliefs among Turkish Alevis and Kurdish Alevis diverge as Kurdish Alevis put more emphasis on
104:
12193:
2397:
Kapıcı: this position represents Ghulam Kaysan. S/he is responsible for calling the faithful to the Cem.
2377:. S/he is responsible for cleaning the Cemevi hall and symbolically sweeping the carpets during the Cem.
2352:. S/he is the assistant to the Rehber. S/he is the Cem keeper responsible for keeping the faithful calm.
16534:
16223:
16106:
15623:
15100:
14138:
13733:
13719:
13458:
13203:
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12459:
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11556:
11446:
Zırh, Besim Can. (2005), "Avro-Aleviler: Ziyaretçi İşçilikten Ulus-aşırı Topluluğa" Kırkbudak 2: 31–58.
11353:
Aydın, Ayhan. (2008), Abidin Özgünay: Yazar Yayıncı ve Cem Dergisi Kurucusu. İstanbul: Niyaz Yayınları.
10633:
10439:
10206:
Edited by Tord Olsson, Elisabeth Özdalga, and Catharina Raudvere, 181–199. Richmond, UK: Curzon, 1998.}
8576:
7923:
6656:
2992:
Some Alevis make pilgrimages to mountains and other natural sites believed to be imbued with holiness.
2943:
2272:), who undertake a dramatization of unity and integration under the direction of the spiritual leader (
1802:
Alevis believe in the immortality of the soul, the literal existence of supernatural beings, including
1240:
831:
7647:
16618:
16303:
16004:
15833:
15529:
15309:
15272:
15051:
13685:
13403:
13054:
12816:
12040:
11945:
11920:
11770:
11514:
11286:
Massicard, Elise (2003) "Alevist Movements at Home and Abroad: Mobilization Spaces and Disjunction."
11196:
8313:
6920:
6668:
5519:
4464:
4445:
2643:
2394:İbrikçi: this position represents Kamber. S/he is responsible for washing the hands of the attendees.
1735:
1717:
1527:
410:
331:
301:
245:
14963:
11185:
Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Krisztina, & Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, Anke Otter-Beaujean, eds. (1997)
10688:"Mummy dearest : questions of identity in modern and ancient Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region"
86:
16458:
16187:
16011:
15784:
15322:
15066:
15056:
15046:
13816:
13336:
12950:
12569:
12140:
12070:
11304:
9368:"The Amalgamation of Two Religious Cultures: The Conceptual and Social History of Alevi-Bektashism"
8657:
and members must traverse various levels or ranks as they progress along the spiritual path to the
8079:
hold ritual unions of a religious character and have established cultural associations named after
8062:
8046:
is the same as Orthodox Islam, and like their Shia counterparts they reject the first three chosen
6910:
6467:
5023:
2448:
1901:
which are performed by members of the Alevi community. Each Imam is believed to be a reflection of
1126:
71:
11449:
Zırh, Besim Can. (2006), "Avrupa Alevi Konfederasyonu Turgut Öker ile Görüşme" Kırkbudak 2: 51–71.
11264:
Zwischen Glaube, Nation und neuer Gemeinschaft: Alevitische Identität in der Türkei der Gegenwart.
11077:"Aslını inkar eden haramzadedir! The Debate on the Kurdish Ethnic Identity of the Kurdish Alevis."
2967:
ritual, the events at these cultural centers and sites are open to the public. In the case of the
1116:
911:
16321:
15195:
14954:
14918:
12943:
12901:
12756:
12371:
12160:
12065:
11895:
11850:
11716:
8413:
8381:
8183:
7706:
4880:
4591:
3497:
3377:
2601:
2571:
from the massacre at Karbala, thus allowing the bloodline of the family of Muhammad to continue.
1629:
723:
207:
64:
15349:
8789:) and some customs like the cult of ancestors, trees and rocks are both observed in Alevism and
8323:
4476:
3019:
16473:
16402:
16371:
16311:
15293:
15288:
15206:
14636:
14590:
13984:
13665:
13160:
12821:
12751:
12711:
12696:
12376:
12130:
12035:
12020:
12011:
11890:
11855:
11780:
10818:
9974:
Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions [2 volumes]
9790:
7978:
In Turkey, 15% of Turkey's population (approx. 10.6 million) – Shankland (2006).
7038:
6048:
3658:
3482:
3225:
2381:
2244:
A family of ritual dances characterized by turning and swirling, is an inseparable part of any
1734:. God created life, so the created world can reflect His Being. Alevis believe in the unity of
776:
505:
11468:
11065:
Bumke, Peter (1979). "Kizilbaş-Kurden in Dersim (Tunceli, Türkei). Marginalität und Häresie."
10791:
9308:"What is Heterodox About Alevism? The Development of Anti-Alevi Discrimination and Resentment"
1781:
Ali Muhammed'dir uh dur fah'ad, Muhammad Ali, ("Ali is Muhammad, Muhammad is Ali") Gördüm bir
16419:
16397:
15216:
15093:
14859:
14518:
13690:
13607:
13353:
13323:
12880:
12776:
12323:
12150:
11900:
11810:
11359:
Balkız, Ali. (2002), Pir Sultan’da Birlik Mücadelesi (Hızır Paşalar’a Yanıt). Ankara: İtalik.
11136:
Hadji Bektach: Un mythe et ses avatars. Genèse et évolution du soufisme populaire en Turquie.
9972:
9201:
9169:
8989:
8890:
8399:
8318:
7865:
6938:
5737:
4038:
3161:
witnessed the murder of hundreds of Alevis, the torching of hundreds of homes, and lootings.
2647:
2388:
1503:
1325:
1006:
986:
881:
801:
346:
17:
14559:
11241:
Koçan, Gürcan/Öncü, Ahmet (2004) "Citizen Alevi in Turkey: Beyond Confirmation and Denial."
9949:(co-edited by her, with B. Kellner-Heinkele & A. Otter-Beaujean), Brill 1997, p. 131 ff.
9827:(co-edited by her, with B. Kellner-Heinkele & A. Otter-Beaujean), Brill 1997, p. 131 ff.
8486:
2806:
2791:
861:
16086:
15993:
15938:
14305:
13712:
13570:
13495:
13340:
13155:
13003:
12908:
12887:
12746:
12701:
12686:
12235:
12085:
12075:
12060:
11880:
11845:
11835:
11830:
11805:
11093:
No. 200, pp. 7–10. (NB: The online version is expanded from its original publication.)
10319:
9386:
8817:
8127:
7579:
7539:
7481:
7408:
6805:
5418:
4483:
4312:
4028:
3128:
The resulting Alevi revolts, a series of millenarian anti-state uprisings by the non-Sunni
2931:
2880:
2506:
2486:
2444:
2349:
1320:
921:
901:
841:
269:
11415:Şahhüseyinoğlu, H. Nedim. (2001), Hızır Paşalar: Bir İhracın Perde Arkası. Ankara: İtalik.
10504:
5950:
3111:
2927:
2473:
Alevis celebrate and commemorate the birth of Ali, his wedding with Fatima, the rescue of
1844:
fell from grace, thus not included among the canonical archangels apart from this story).
1383:
1171:
1131:
305:
8:
16316:
16197:
16091:
15907:
15404:
15201:
14972:
14739:
14539:
14310:
14041:
13918:
13557:
12857:
12783:
12125:
11775:
11589:
11161:
10350:
9574:
Managing Invisibility: Dissimulation and Identity Maintenance among Alevi Bulgarian Turks
8246:
8203:
8107:
8061:
branch of Shia Islam and they reject the teachings of Bektashism Tariqa. They follow the
7471:
6924:
6764:
6537:
6062:
6041:
5304:
2363:
2356:
2345:. The Rehber is a guide to the faithful and works closely with the Dede in the community.
1161:
1141:
11365:
Coşkun, Zeki (1995) Aleviler, Sünniler ve ... Öteki Sivas, Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
8353:
8338:
4448:
16478:
16392:
16243:
16179:
15987:
15963:
15640:
15618:
15578:
15468:
15381:
15332:
15298:
15189:
14903:
13786:
13742:
13487:
13300:
13187:
12961:
12922:
12836:
12671:
12634:
12596:
12518:
12393:
12165:
11950:
11825:
11800:
11622:
11609:
10451:
9887:
9862:
9335:
9124:
9116:
9081:
8963:
8812:
8745:
7373:
7015:
6948:
6934:
5784:
4180:
3906:
3671:
3644:
3520:
3218:
2873:
2408:
2374:
2170:
1621:
1403:
1201:
1156:
851:
846:
791:
675:
568:
14879:
10714:
8348:
7007:
16453:
16448:
16353:
16343:
16333:
16016:
15902:
15854:
15697:
15608:
15369:
15359:
15354:
15344:
15339:
15172:
14929:
14895:
14839:
14082:
14021:
13928:
13636:
13500:
13349:
13295:
13191:
12826:
12793:
12721:
12716:
12676:
12664:
12649:
12629:
12530:
12506:
12332:
12155:
11995:
11930:
11232:
11139:
11042:
10971:
10957:
10943:
10927:
10919:
10822:
10738:
10666:
10637:
10476:
10455:
10379:
10225:
9978:
9763:
9736:
9712:
9695:
9633:
9623:
9598:
9577:
9550:
9542:
9514:
9327:
9288:
9249:
9128:
9085:
9071:
9036:
8998:
Alevilik-Bektaşilik Araştırmaları Dergisi: Research journal on Alevism and Bektashism
8967:
8921:
8894:
8857:
8720:, grandfather). Traditionally there were twelve of these, the most senior being the "
8589:
8376:
8218:
7998:
7840:
different: The Alawite faith was founded in the ninth century by Abu Shuayb Muhammad
7819:
7776:
7529:
7524:
5399:
5287:
4889:
4762:
4488:
4046:
3818:
3513:
3357:
3246:
3118:
3057:
3049:
2584:
2199:
2163:
Alevi religious, cultural and other social activities take place in assembly houses (
1990:
1982:
1922:
1686:
1602:
1101:
1071:
1046:
871:
806:
728:
705:
690:
670:
425:
319:
225:
111:
14087:
11390:
Kaleli, Lütfü. (2000), Alevi Kimliği ve Alevi Örgütlenmeri. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
11151:
When History Accelerates: Essays on Rapid Social Change, Complexity, and Creativity.
11072:
Gezik, Erdal (2000), Etnik Politik Dinsel Sorunlar Baglaminda Alevi Kurtler, Ankara.
8722:
3158:
3154:
1191:
1186:
16588:
16483:
16468:
16228:
15933:
15655:
15593:
15583:
15573:
15558:
15364:
15267:
15239:
15127:
13897:
13871:
13574:
13247:
13150:
12991:
12873:
12726:
12706:
12691:
12256:
11915:
11683:
11409:
Okan, Murat. (2004), Türkiye’de Alevilik / Antropolojik Bir Yaklaşım. Ankara: İmge.
10987:
10968:
Aleviler / Alewiten. Cilt 3 Band: Siyaset ve Örgütler / Politik und Organisationen.
10814:
10443:
9879:
9319:
9278:
9271:"The Sufi Mystical Idiom in Alevi Aşık Poetry: Flexibility, Adaptation and Meaning"
9241:
9108:
9061:
9028:
8955:
8886:
8849:
8768:
8584:
8556:
8550:
8508:
8490:
8328:
8223:
8080:
7740:
7700:
7687:
s or "sons of the hearth". This system apparently originated in the Safavid state.
7165:
7145:
5386:
4912:
4609:
3786:
3232:
3150:
3122:
2859:
2627:
2530:
2510:
2326:
2293:
which represents the intoxication of the lover in the beloved. During the ceremony
2191:
1978:
1693:
1583:
1575:
1539:
1496:
1176:
1076:
1001:
991:
936:
916:
821:
738:
643:
465:
460:
273:
265:
230:
11421:Şahhüseyinoğlu, Nedim. (2001), Alevi Örgütlerinin Tarihsel Süreci. Ankara: İtalik.
11377:
Gül, Zeynel. (1999), Dernekten Partiye: Avrupa Alevi Örgütlenmesi. Ankara: İtalik.
10915:
9538:
8959:
5043:
2224:
16593:
16560:
16409:
16116:
16061:
15861:
15547:
15507:
15458:
15410:
15184:
14967:
14854:
14441:
13791:
13776:
13738:
13705:
13680:
13594:
13541:
13442:
13437:
13413:
13327:
13230:
13177:
13172:
12659:
12562:
12557:
12540:
12501:
12441:
12398:
12205:
12135:
11940:
11688:
11005:
10691:
10606:
10583:
edited by her, B. Kellner-Heinkele, & A. Otter-Beaujean. Leiden: Brill, 1997.
10470:
9730:
9617:
9354:"Bektashiyyah | Religion, Order, Beliefs, & Community | Britannica"
9112:
8786:
8749:
7958:
7877:
7823:
7572:
7428:
7273:
7180:
7170:
6665:
6626:
6526:
6244:
5779:
5034:
3373:
2972:
2968:
2895:
2725:
The value corresponding to the second gate (and necessary to enter the third) is
2635:
2619:
2610:
2474:
2404:
2195:
1760:
1330:
1151:
996:
981:
946:
811:
796:
700:
605:
595:
555:
550:
189:
42:
14581:
11257:
Nationalism, Minorities and Diasporas: Identities and Rights in the Middle East,
10776:
9161:
8515:, a 10th-century Sufi who was accused of blasphemy and subsequently executed in
8228:
5668:
2848:
2714:
relationship for at least twelve years. Entry into the third gate dissolves the
961:
16521:
16248:
16101:
15943:
15645:
14989:
14908:
14774:
14751:
14734:
14585:
14510:
14434:
13955:
13861:
13470:
13425:
13420:
13271:
13240:
13145:
13028:
12866:
12619:
12552:
12545:
12535:
12383:
12120:
11981:
11910:
11885:
11745:
11678:
11594:
11403:
Massicard, Elise. (2007), Alevi Hareketinin Siyasallaşması. İstanbul: İletişim.
11397:
Kaplan, İsmail. (2009), Alevice: İnancımız ve Direncimiz. Köln: AABF Yayınları.
10954:
Aleviler / Alewiten. Cilt 2 Band: İnanç ve Gelenekler / Glaube und Traditionen.
10256:
9245:
8853:
8782:
8774:
8706:
8530:
8333:
8194:
8187:
8134:
8037:
7985:
7828:
7712:
7664:
7633:
7610:
7313:
7278:
7160:
7120:
7105:
6987:
6794:
6197:
5638:
4772:
4347:
4189:
3795:
3637:
3239:
3169:
3087:
3086:
dervishes a belief whose cult of Muslim saint worship, mystical divination and
3053:
2955:
2568:
2456:
2436:
2306:
2102:
1910:
1864:
1803:
1773:
1697:
1682:
1676:
1433:
1315:
1280:
1196:
951:
816:
743:
660:
545:
510:
180:
14949:
14756:
13948:
11500:
11494:
10447:
9891:
9637:
9480:"Turkey's Alevis, a Muslim Minority, Fear a Policy of Denying Their Existence"
9066:
9032:
8922:"Alevism-Bektashism From Seljuks to Ottomans and Safavids; A Historical Study"
7994:
7743:. They also acted as judges or arbiters, presiding over village courts called
7679:"hearth", indicating descent from Ali and/or various other saints and heroes.
7140:
5427:
3182:
2926:
is quite common. Some of the most frequently visited sites are the shrines of
2112:
ceremonies, where it is not considered alcoholic and is referred to as "dem".
1905:, the first Imam of the Shi'ites, and there are references to the "First Ali"
1863:
Alevis acknowledge the four revealed scriptures also recognized in Islam: the
1218:
525:
16582:
16548:
16424:
16261:
16111:
15650:
15613:
15588:
15473:
14913:
14843:
14823:
14785:
14409:
14394:
14158:
Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥāmmad ibn Karrām ibn Arrāk ibn Huzāba ibn al-Barā’ as-Sijjī
13965:
13890:
13700:
13661:
13648:
13623:
13529:
13318:
13290:
13167:
13121:
13039:
12738:
12639:
12624:
12614:
12449:
12411:
12388:
12350:
12261:
11991:
11985:
11975:
11963:
10940:
Aleviler / Alewiten. Cilt 1 Band: Kimlik ve Tarih / Identität und Geschichte.
10931:
10229:
9759:
Shariʿa in the Secular State: Evolving Meanings of Islamic Jurisprudence in .
9554:
9331:
9323:
9292:
9270:
8564:
8258:
8117:
7890:
7868:
Sunni "nationalism" that has been unwilling to recognize Alevi "uniqueness".
7763:
According to John Shindeldecker "Alevis are proud to point out that they are
7653:
7606:
7476:
7433:
7393:
7303:
7288:
7248:
7243:
7065:
6906:
6640:
6635:
6502:
6355:
6051:
5293:
5001:
4735:
4722:
4627:
3917:
3040:
2962:
2729:("intimacy," perhaps with God). Its counterpart for the third gate is called
2544:
2468:
2460:
2432:
2285:
2217:
2181:
2144:
2109:
1926:
1353:
1310:
1270:
1260:
1086:
1066:
1024:
931:
926:
836:
826:
753:
733:
680:
655:
590:
475:
435:
430:
357:
291:
287:
277:
14875:
10885:"The Discovery of the Alevis' Shamanism and the Need for Scholarly Accuracy"
10472:
Aleviler: Türkiye, İran, İrak, Suriye, Bulgaristan : araştırma-inceleme
10375:
The Alevis in Turkey and Europe: Identity and Managing Territorial Diversity
10039:
The Alevi Of Anatolia: During the great Turkish expansion from Central Asia
9941:
9819:
9353:
8440:
7930:
the majority is Kurdish when all groups he considers as Alevis, such as the
3203:
2669:
2284:
The love of the creator for the created and vice versa is symbolised in the
2236:
has spiritual meaning and aims to teach the participants important lessons.
1523:
630:
16572:
16511:
16436:
16096:
15948:
15826:
15542:
15446:
15434:
15148:
14941:
14870:
14658:
Abū’l-Huzayl Muḥāmmad ibn al-Huzayl ibn Abdillāh al-Allāf al-Abdī al-Bāsrī
14598:
14576:
14567:
14467:
13944:
13760:
13695:
13388:
13285:
13276:
13182:
12936:
12604:
12523:
12454:
12318:
11815:
11755:
11730:
11711:
10252:"Alevi Turks concerned for Alawi 'cousins' in Syria | Globalization | DW |"
10193:
Nasr, V: "The Shia Revival," page 1. Norton, W. W. & Company, Inc, 2006
9275:
European Journal of Turkish Studies. Social Sciences on Contemporary Turkey
8500:
8482:
8278:
8268:
8121:
8042:
8023:
7907:
7736:
7696:
7637:
7614:
7562:
7423:
7413:
7358:
7070:
6810:
6350:
6080:
5909:
5763:
5272:
4751:
4193:
4055:
3661:
3624:
3206:
3103:
3076:
2923:
2909:
2116:
2098:
2082:
1892:
1754:
1747:
1743:
1713:
1637:
1606:
1486:
1335:
1295:
1230:
1091:
1011:
886:
480:
420:
172:
14608:
14106:
13726:
11087:
7811:," (the son-in-law and cousin of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and fourth
2947:
2758:
1388:
16073:
15563:
15502:
15429:
15316:
14923:
14645:
14613:
14563:
14429:
14127:
14092:
14074:
13866:
13603:
13533:
13213:
13112:
12681:
12654:
12644:
12581:
12486:
12476:
12471:
12303:
12286:
12110:
12025:
11865:
11740:
11371:
Engin, Havva ve Engin, Ismail (2004). Alevilik. Istanbul: Kitap Yayınevi.
11362:
Bilgöl, Hıdır Ali. (1996), Aleviler ve Canlı Fotoğraflar, Alev Yayınları.
11208:
Cahiers d'Études sur la Méditerranée Orientale et le Monde Turco-Iranien,
11111:
10687:
8807:
8778:
8283:
8120:
Brotherhood. According to the philosophy developed by this congregation,
8085:
7951:
7363:
7175:
6782:
6543:
6238:
6227:
6202:
5931:
5526:
5027:
4907:
4898:
4618:
2899:
2718:
relationship (which otherwise persists unto death), in a ceremony called
2496:
2013:
1965:
1653:
1645:
1633:
1614:
1468:
1453:
1373:
1225:
971:
891:
695:
685:
540:
11433:
Tosun, Halis. (2002), Alevi Kimliğiyle Yaşamak. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
11138:
Leiden: Islamic History and Civilization, Studies and Texts, volume 20,
11079:
In K. Kehl-Bodrogi, B. Kellner-Heinkele, & A. Otter-Beaujean (eds),
9339:
9307:
9120:
9025:
The Kizilbash-Alevis in Ottoman Anatolia: Sufism, Politics and Community
8233:
5795:
966:
16366:
15463:
15438:
14572:
14369:
14150:
14096:
13994:
13932:
13883:
13849:
13802:
13723:
13656:
13643:
13561:
13537:
13466:
13371:
13313:
13235:
13138:
12511:
12275:
12271:
12105:
12030:
12006:
11971:
11925:
11860:
11820:
11795:
11750:
11735:
11725:
11400:
Kocadağ, Burhan. (1996), Alevi Bektaşi Tarihi. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
10998:
8654:
8644:
8628:
8445:
8343:
8288:
8273:
8263:
8253:
8149:
8027:
7841:
7534:
7519:
7338:
7333:
7318:
7293:
7115:
6769:
5922:
5549:
5533:
5404:
5164:
4745:
4473:
4081:
4076:
3937:
3931:
3810:
3195:
3072:
2983:
2040:
2035:
2025:
2009:
1969:
1961:
1948:
For to love and to fall in love has been my fate from time immemorial."
1660:
1423:
1418:
1255:
1181:
1106:
1096:
1061:
1051:
956:
896:
515:
375:
368:
193:
12356:
Abū’l-Hūsayn Abdūrrāhīm ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Uthmān al-Hayyāt (Hayyātīyya)
12215:
Abū Abdirrahmān Bishr ibn Ghiyāth ibn Abī Karīma al-Marīsī al-Baghdādī
11436:
Vergin, Nur (2000, ), Din, Toplum ve Siyasal Sistem, İstanbul: Bağlam.
11248:
Olsson, Tord & Elizabeth Özdalga/Catharina Raudvere, eds. (1998).
10288:
9283:
8744:
was the Pir Evi (The Saint's Home) which was located in the shrine of
7623:
5804:
5432:
3168:
during both Ottoman times and under the Turkish republic up until the
3107:
3045:
2903:
2367:
2253:
2229:
2211:
2157:
1136:
16081:
15512:
15327:
14827:
14815:
14793:
14724:
14637:
Abū Abdi’l-Lāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ad Faraj ibn Carīr ibn Mâlik al-Iyādī
14628:
14534:
14479:
14404:
14058:
14053:
13979:
13923:
13669:
13524:
13517:
13393:
13304:
13218:
13198:
13043:
12984:
12496:
12464:
12419:
Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Husayn ibn Muḥāmmad ibn ʿAbdillāh an-Najjār ar-Rāzī
12307:
12185:
12100:
12095:
11905:
11870:
11765:
11760:
11406:
Melikoff, Irene. (1993), Uyur İdik Uyardılar. İstanbul: Cem Yayınevi.
11204:
Religious practices in the Turco-Iranian world: continuity and change
10869:
10662:
8624:
8616:
8611:
Bektashis base their practices and rituals on their non-orthodox and
8560:
8512:
8496:
8161:
8153:
8124:
8113:
7931:
7902:
are Alevi range between 4% and 15%. Scattered minorities live in the
7804:
7800:
7453:
7448:
7418:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7348:
7343:
7328:
7323:
7283:
7233:
7228:
5751:
5413:
4325:
4060:
3506:
1945:"All of us alive or lifeless are from one, this is ineffable, Sultan.
1723:
1641:
1591:
1458:
1448:
1443:
1428:
1393:
1285:
1275:
1265:
1245:
1235:
1166:
866:
856:
360:
14818:
11374:
Gül, Zeynel. (1995), Yol muyuz Yolcu muyuz? İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
10884:
10720:. Stockholm: Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul. pp. 21–22.
8943:
8538:
2252:
is performed by men and women together, to the accompaniment of the
2190:) in which both women and men participate. Rituals are performed in
1378:
53:
16555:
16414:
15920:
15778:
15730:
15524:
15478:
15442:
15167:
15012:
14979:
14834:
14719:
14711:
14505:
13910:
13841:
13764:
13747:
13578:
13565:
13398:
13344:
13126:
12574:
12365:
12198:
11790:
11506:
11412:Özerol, Süleyman. (2009), Hasan Nedim Şahhüseyinoğlu. Ankara: Ürün.
11356:
Balkız, Ali. (1999), Sivas’tan Sydney’e Pir Sultan. Ankara: İtalik.
11016:
The Alevis in Turkey: The Emergence of a Secular Islamic Tradition.
10137:"Religious Diversity And The Alevi Struggle For Equality In Turkey"
9883:
9661:
8790:
8764:
8648:
8592:, a single unified entity. Bektashi do not consider this a form of
8522:
8172:
8166:
8157:
8091:
8074:
7882:
7792:
7764:
7398:
7298:
6651:
6483:
6370:
5961:
5746:
5169:
5131:
4602:
3490:
3129:
2935:
2884:
2828:
2653:
Khidr is also honored with a three-day fast in mid-February called
2579:
2492:
2428:
2186:
2153:
1973:
1833:
1769:
1610:
1598:
1463:
1413:
1363:
1300:
941:
415:
364:
240:
220:
31:
9930:
Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi. 1988. Die Kizilbash/Aleviten, pp. 182–204.
7719:"grandfather", is the term preferred by the scholarly literature.
5768:
2951:
2071:
Most Alevi activity takes place in the context of the second gate
2047:
The following are major crimes that cause an Alevi to be declared
16429:
16035:
15723:
15603:
15495:
15225:
15017:
14997:
14958:
14803:
14650:
Abū Hāshīm Abdu’s-Salām ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb al-Jubbā'ī
14594:
14398:
14388:
14113:
14062:
14016:
13854:
13751:
13652:
13631:
13510:
13505:
13380:
13331:
13259:
13208:
12929:
12808:
12481:
12295:
12227:
11617:
10529:"Govt signals action for Turkey's Alevi community amid obstacles"
9526:
9524:
9413:"Govt signals action for Turkey's Alevi community amid obstacles"
8696:
8679:
8658:
8593:
8534:
8516:
8504:
8142:
8099:
8058:
7903:
7895:
7711:
Groups that conceive of these as ranks of a hierarchy (as in the
7692:
7672:
7544:
7443:
7438:
7368:
7353:
7308:
7253:
7238:
7218:
7190:
7155:
7130:
7095:
7050:
6472:
6337:
6074:
6065:
5652:
5645:
5309:
5140:
4777:
4206:
3165:
2939:
2915:
2795:
2558:
2505:). Alevis observe a fast for the first twelve days, known as the
2440:
2309:
who leads the ceremony engages the participants in a discussion (
2124:
2086:
1848:
1811:
1739:
1727:
1408:
1305:
1290:
1146:
1056:
781:
625:
585:
580:
500:
440:
372:
197:
11427:
Saraç, Necdet. (2010), Alevilerin Siyasal Tarihi. İstanbul: Cem.
11229:
Aesthetic and Performative Dimensions of Alevi Cultural Heritage
10970:
Hamburg: Deutsches Orient Institut (Mitteilungen Band 61/2001).
10956:
Hamburg: Deutsches Orient Institut (Mitteilungen Band 60/2001).
10942:
Hamburg: Deutsches Orient Institut (Mitteilungen Band 59/2000).
8507:(Reality, Truth). From the highest perspective, all is God (see
7968:"approx. 15 million..." – Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi.
15953:
15927:
15886:
15847:
15764:
15677:
15598:
15453:
15399:
15394:
15161:
15085:
15022:
15002:
14883:
14847:
14036:
13939:
13876:
13755:
13598:
13552:
13032:
12341:
Abū Mūsā Isā ibn Subeyh (Sabīh) al-Murdār al-Bāsrī (Murdārīyya)
12299:
12246:
11670:
11581:
11474:
History of Sufism / Islamic Mysticism and the importance of Ali
11177:
10734:
Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia
8802:
8620:
8572:
8469:
8464:
8455:
8451:
8371:
8047:
7915:
7911:
7858:
7812:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7499:
7403:
7266:
7200:
7110:
7075:
6998:
6675:
6520:
6488:
5936:
5800:
5153:
4071:
3179:
3024:
3001:
2832:
2827:
is made and shared with friends and family during the month of
2824:
2780:
2707:
2588:
2563:
2554:
2342:
2165:
2148:
2004:
there has been "little scholarship on Alevi influences" in it.
1841:
1438:
1398:
1358:
1250:
1215:
1081:
976:
758:
748:
610:
600:
535:
520:
455:
450:
445:
353:
309:
255:
12206:
Abū Muḥrīz Jahm ibn Ṣafwān ar-Rāsibī as-Samarqāndī at-Tirmidhī
11486:
10659:
Xinjiang: China's Muslim Borderland: China's Muslim Borderland
10404:
10402:
9521:
2423:
2177:), and the Divine Reality made manifest in their leader, Ali.
1696:
than Haji Bektash Veli, and Kurdish Alevism is rooted more in
16202:
16027:
15981:
15969:
15771:
15757:
15716:
15389:
15246:
15232:
15153:
15116:
15007:
14048:
13673:
13474:
13462:
12264:
12239:
12210:
11599:
9194:
Kurdish Alevism: Creating New Ways of Practicing the Religion
8716:
8131:
7796:
7780:
7775:
Alevis are classified as a sect of Shia Islam, and Ayatollah
7223:
7185:
7125:
7100:
7085:
7080:
7060:
7055:
7045:
7031:
6991:
5916:
5659:
5540:
4202:
3146:
3015:
3009:
2986:
2979:
2863:
2819:
2776:
2769:
2623:
2614:
2592:
2452:
2297:
is one of the twelve duties of the participants. (see above)
2120:
2106:
2094:
2078:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1790:
1782:
1731:
1709:
1672:
1625:
1618:
1594:
1368:
786:
575:
530:
490:
485:
470:
405:
400:
185:
35:
11250:
Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives.
11227:
Greve, Martin and Ulas Özdemir and Raoul Motika, eds. 2020.
10006:"ALEVİ & BEKTAŞİLERİN KUTSAL YERLERİ-TÜRBELER haberleri"
8992:[Buyruk and al Jafr The esoteric knowledge of Ali].
15868:
15840:
15790:
15737:
15682:
15253:
14701:
Abū’l-Kāsīm Abdullāh ibn Ahmad ibn Māhmūd al-Balhī al-Kā‘bī
12250:
12245:
Abū Muḥāmmad (Abū’l-Hākem) Heshām ibn Sālem al-Jawālikī al-
12175:
10992:
Multiculturalism and the History of International Relations
10506:
Hamza Aksüt ile Alevi Ocakları Üzerine - Aleviliğin Kökleri
10399:
9692:
Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives
9595:
Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives
9027:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 220–255.
8632:
8568:
8019:
7919:
7195:
7150:
7135:
7090:
3083:
3031:, and meetings), and to provide scholarships for students.
3028:
3005:
2855:
2000:
1986:
1825:
1820:
1786:
1563:
1551:
876:
495:
14661:
Abū Ma‘n Sūmāma ibn Ashras an-Nūmayrī al-Bāsrī al-Baghdādī
10607:"ΤΟ ΒΗΜΑ – Αλεβίτες, οι άγνωστοι "συγγενείς" μας – κόσμος"
12609:
11129:
The Roles of the Bektashis in Turkey’s National Struggle.
8559:وحدة الوجود, the "Unity of Being" that was formulated by
8138:
8051:
7808:
7629:
7602:
2919:
2799:
1902:
1765:
1557:
1542:
650:
12351:
Abū Alī Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb ibn Sallām al-Jubbā'ī
10218:"Turkish Alawites Fear Spillover of Violence From Syria"
8040:, the Sixth Imam of Shia Islam. This group's concept of
1746:
and the historical figures of Muhammad and Ali. Rather,
11041:, London: England Alevi Cultural Centre & Cem Evi.
2775:
It is a common Alevi and Sunni tradition to distribute
2391:. S/he is responsible for distributing the sacred meal.
2075:, during which one submits to a living spiritual guide
7807:
Islamic minorities, whose names both mean "devoted to
2698:
since they regard it as a precondition for the second
2561:. The fast is broken with a special dish (also called
16532:
12403:
Abū Amr Ḍirār ibn Amr al-Gatafānī al-Kūfī (Ḍirārīyya)
12366:
Abū Uthmān Amr ibn Bhār ibn Māhbūb al-Jāhiz al-Kinānī
11030:
White, Paul J., & Joost Jongerden (eds.) (2003).
10320:"Turkey: International Religious Freedom Report 2007"
7938:
subscribe to "virtually the same system of beliefs".
3145:
According to Eren Sarı, Alevi saw Kemal Atatürk as a
1560:
14633:
Abū Sahl Bīshr ibn al-Mu‘tamīr al-Hilālī al-Baghdādī
12236:
Abu’l-Hassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān ibn Bashīr al-Azdī
11441:
Anadolu Aleviliği’nde Ocak Sistemi Ve Dedelik Kurumu
11187:
Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East.
10059:
10057:
9947:
Synchronistic Religious Communities in the Near East
9867:: Sharing and Partaking in the Bektashi Ritual Meal"
9825:
Synchronistic Religious Communities in the Near East
9166:
World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples
7981:
20 to 25 million according to Minority Rights Group.
7946:
The Alevi population has been estimated as follows:
7922:
and the diaspora such as Germany and France. In the
7752:
Ordinary Alevi would owe allegiance to a particular
1554:
1548:
11081:
Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East
10581:
Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East
10573:
10096:
9694:Tord Olsson, Elisabeth Ozdalga, Catharina Raudvere
9690:Tord Olsson, Elisabeth Ozdalga, Catharina Raudvere
9597:Tord Olsson, Elisabeth Ozdalga, Catharina Raudvere
9593:Tord Olsson, Elisabeth Ozdalga, Catharina Raudvere
8050:, whom Sunni accept as legitimate, and accept only
1818:), bad ones as encourager of human's evil desires (
1566:
1545:
78:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
14677:Abū Bakr Muḥāmmad ibn Abdillāh ibn Shabīb al-Basrī
14625:Abū Amr (Abū Mu‘tamīr) Muāmmar ibn Abbād as-Sūlamī
12344:Hīshām ibn Amr al-Fuwātī ash-Shaybānī (Hīshāmīyya)
11461:Official Alevi-Bektashi Order of Derwishes website
11055:" Middle East Review of International Affairs 3/4.
10909:
10796:Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi
9861:
9615:
9532:
9442:"Are Syrian Alawites and Turkish Alevis the same?"
8555:Bektashism places much emphasis on the concept of
7971:4% of total population of Turkey –
2681:The children of covenanted couples may not marry.
14170:Haisamīyya (Abū ʿAbdallāh Muhammad ibn al-Haisam)
10630:The Cambridge Companion to Modern Chinese Culture
10278:
10054:
9156:
9154:
9152:
9150:
9148:
9146:
9144:
8541:) have incorporated significant Alevi influence.
16580:
13099:
12333:Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni’ an-Nazzām
11098:Turkey’s Alevi Enigma: A Comprehensive Overview.
11032:Turkey’s Alevi Enigma: A Comprehensive Overview.
10813:. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 255–276.
10798:(77). Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University: 13–36.
10604:
10092:
10090:
10019:
10017:
10015:
9614:These and many other quotations may be found in
9435:
9433:
8990:"Buyruk und al Jafr Das Esoterische Wissen Alis"
8694:(lit. father) is considered to be the head of a
8167:Influences of other beliefs and sects on Alevism
3194:The schematic history of the development of the
2961:In contrast with the traditional secrecy of the
2333:) performed by the twelve ministers of the cem.
1925:. The Twelfth Imam is hidden and represents the
14497:Abū Abdillāh Mugīre ibn Sāīd al-ʿIjlī el-Bajalī
12347:Abū Sahl Abbād ibn Sulaimān (Salmān) as-Sāymarī
10281:"Kurds, Turks, and the Alevi Revival in Turkey"
7770:
7715:) disagree as to the order. The last of these,
2184:ceremony features music, singing, and dancing (
2173:, where he beheld a gathering of forty saints (
1793:. ("I've seen an apple, all praise is for God")
16604:Liberal and progressive movements within Islam
11088:Kurds, Turks, and the Alevi revival in Turkey.
10187:
9959:Religious practices in the Turco-Iranian World
9811:Kristina Kehl-Bordrogi reports this among the
9749:
9473:
9471:
9469:
9467:
9141:
9098:
9022:
8876:
7954:, a newspaper close to the government in 2021.
2400:Peyikçi: this position represents Amri Ayyari.
15101:
13078:List of contemporary Muslim scholars of Islam
12428:Abū ʿAbdallāh Ibnū’z-Zā‘farānī (Zā‘farānīyya)
11522:
10160:
10087:
10012:
9812:
9789:Roger M. Savory (ref. Abdülbaki Gölpinarli),
9568:
9566:
9564:
9430:
9214:
8421:
7786:
7671:, which like other Sufi orders is based on a
7580:
2685:
2548:
2538:
2524:
2518:
2500:
2407:. Responsible for the distribution of water,
1504:
160:
10340:
10029:
9653:
8773:Alevism is indeed heavily influenced by old
8458:, which is considered "unseen", is actually
7864:Alevis claim that they have been subject to
7036:
1609:, whilst incorporating some traditions from
14176:Ishāqīyya (Abū Yaʿqūb Ishāq ibn Mahmashādh)
11323:The New Islamic Presence in Western Europe.
11316:The New Islamic Presence in Western Europe,
10789:
9464:
9234:"Alevi Theology from Shamanism to Humanism"
8842:"Alevi Theology from Shamanism to Humanism"
8835:
8833:
8476:
8105:The fourth who adopted some aspirations of
7984:There is a native 3,000 Alevi community in
7847:
2838:
2008:has a unique belief system tracing back to
15108:
15094:
14197:Tarā'ifīyya (Ahmad ibn ʿAbdūs at-Tarā'ifī)
11549:
11529:
11515:
10966:Engin, Ismail & Franz, Erhard (2001).
10952:Engin, Ismail & Franz, Erhard (2001).
10938:Engin, Ismail & Franz, Erhard (2000).
10715:"Discoveries on the Turkic Linguistic Map"
10593:Structure and Function in Turkish Society.
10521:
10272:
9970:
9587:
9561:
9305:
9055:
8700:and qualified to give spiritual guidance (
8428:
8414:
7587:
7573:
2290:by the use of fruit juice and/or red wine
2101:, is used as a sacramental element by the
2061:divorcing one's wife without a just reason
1955:
1858:
1511:
1497:
11122:The Dervishes; or, Oriental Spiritualism.
10371:
10215:
10097:Rana Birden Çorbacıoğlu, Zeynep Alemdar.
9504:
9282:
9231:
9215:Selmanpakoğlu, Ceren (11 February 2024).
9101:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
9065:
8839:
8677:, one can take further vows and become a
2922:at the tombs of Alevi-Bektashi saints or
1753:In Alevi writings are many references to
138:Learn how and when to remove this message
13799:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah
12338:Abū Bakr Abdurrahmān ibn Kaysān al-Asāmm
11281:Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies,
11039:Alevism-Bektashism: A Brief Introduction
10907:
10819:10.3366/edinburgh/9780748646944.003.0013
10811:Muslim Political Participation in Europe
10790:Yaman, Ali; Dönmez, Rasim Özgür (2016).
10712:
10706:
10547:
10065:"Pir Sultan Abdal Monument and Festival"
9735:. Thames & Hudson. pp. 86, 88.
9530:
9477:
9439:
9381:
9379:
9377:
9190:
8941:
8883:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion
8830:
8686:The next level above dervish is that of
8439:
8018:
7889:
7881:
3044:
2684:Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi reports that the
2578:
2422:
2152:
1977:
1797:
1759:
1522:
1032:Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam
14022:Nafi ibn al-Azraq al-Hānafī al-Handhalī
11224:, 2005, vol.41, no.6, pp. 937–951.
11037:Yaman, Ali & Aykan Erdemir (2006).
10730:
10343:"Turkey's Alevi strive for recognition"
10312:
9859:
9817:. See her article "The significance of
9677:
9675:
8877:Procházka-Eisl, Gisela (5 April 2016).
8758:
8567:marking the Battle of Karbala. The old
8004:25,672 Alevi live in England and Wales.
7941:
2553:), which commemorates the martyrdom of
2480:
2305:At the closing of the cem ceremony the
2171:Muhammad's nocturnal ascent into heaven
14:
16581:
13379:
13022:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
10808:
10686:Bader, Alyssa Christine (9 May 2012).
9914:"Turkey's Alevis beholden to politics"
9755:
8891:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.101
8588:the Bektashi see reality contained in
8582:In keeping with the central belief of
7950:Approximately 20 million according to
2543:). This culminates in the festival of
1597:tradition, whose adherents follow the
16288:
16056:
15672:
15089:
13098:
12171:Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar
11548:
11510:
11252:Istanbul: Swedish Research Institute.
11180:: Die extreme Schia und die Alawiten.
10846:
10844:
10842:
10840:
10838:
10685:
10656:
10627:
10468:
10433:
10249:
9836:
9728:
9410:
9374:
8600:) and yearly confession of sins to a
6960:
6958:
6946:
6944:
6932:
6930:
6918:
6916:
6904:
6868:
6866:
6848:
6828:
6818:
6816:
6803:
6792:
6777:
6775:
6763:
6723:
6689:
6679:
6674:
6672:
6664:
6662:
6650:
6634:
6625:
6605:
6599:
6597:
6595:
6583:
6577:
6575:
6573:
6571:
6569:
6557:
6551:
6549:
6536:
6519:
6517:
6515:
6496:
6494:
6482:
6466:
6446:
6428:
6426:
6424:
6418:
6412:
6410:
6408:
6402:
6396:
6390:
6378:
6369:
6367:
6365:
6349:
6347:
6345:
6336:
6330:
6318:
6316:
6310:
6304:
6302:
6300:
6294:
6288:
6286:
6284:
6278:
6266:
6260:
6254:
6237:
6220:
6218:
6210:
6208:
6196:
6168:
6166:
6164:
6162:
6156:
6150:
6144:
6138:
6112:
6098:
6096:
6094:
6092:
6090:
6073:
6057:
6047:
6040:
6038:
6036:
6024:
6018:
6012:
6010:
6008:
6006:
6004:
6002:
6000:
5998:
5996:
5994:
5992:
5980:
5960:
5944:
5942:
5930:
5928:
5915:
5913:
5908:
5878:
5876:
5864:
5846:
5844:
5842:
5830:
5824:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5794:
5778:
5762:
5760:
5745:
5736:
5730:
5724:
5718:
5712:
5710:
5708:
5702:
5700:
5698:
5692:
5690:
5688:
5682:
5676:
5674:
5672:
5667:
5658:
5656:
5651:
5649:
5644:
5642:
5637:
5609:
5603:
5597:
5571:
5569:
5567:
5561:
5548:
5539:
5537:
5532:
5530:
5525:
5523:
5518:
5500:
5498:
5492:
5486:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5448:
5442:
5426:
5424:
5412:
5410:
5398:
5392:
5390:
5385:
5379:
5377:
5375:
5373:
5367:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5359:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5343:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5327:
5319:
5303:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5268:
5266:
5261:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5227:
5221:
5215:
5213:
5195:
5193:
5191:
5185:
5179:
5163:
5157:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5139:
5137:
5125:
5111:
5109:
5107:
5105:
5099:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5071:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5055:
5049:
5047:
5042:
5033:
5031:
5022:
5013:
5011:
5000:
4982:
4980:
4974:
4968:
4950:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4928:
4906:
4897:
4888:
4879:
4877:
4867:
4849:
4847:
4841:
4839:
4837:
4819:
4813:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4797:
4785:
4783:
4771:
4769:
4761:
4744:
4733:
4731:
4721:
4697:
4695:
4683:
4677:
4661:
4655:
4653:
4651:
4645:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4626:
4617:
4608:
4606:
4601:
4599:
4590:
4556:
4554:
4542:
4536:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4502:
4494:
4482:
4480:
4472:
4463:
4461:
4456:
4444:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4414:
4412:
4410:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4372:
4362:
4360:
4353:
4351:
4346:
4333:
4331:
4318:
4316:
4311:
4273:
4271:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4227:
4219:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4201:
4188:
4186:
4184:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4157:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4113:
4111:
4109:
4097:
4091:
4068:
4066:
4054:
4052:
4050:
4045:
4027:
4021:
4015:
4009:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3905:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3851:
3849:
3816:
3814:
3809:
3793:
3791:
3784:
3782:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3702:
3700:
3668:
3666:
3656:
3635:
3622:
3596:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3550:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3519:
3517:
3512:
3505:
3503:
3488:
3481:
3457:
3455:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3433:
3421:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3372:
3363:
3356:
3318:
3316:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3280:
3268:
3250:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3229:
3224:
3217:
3140:
2447:and the remembrance of this event by
1917:, and so on up to the "Twelfth 'Ali"
1847:Another story features the archangel
1644:to contrast them with the "orthodox"
16057:
15673:
11536:
11194:Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects,
10882:
10679:
10605:Μποζανίνου Τάνια (23 January 2011).
10372:Massicard, Elise (12 October 2012).
10216:Gettleman, Jeffrey (4 August 2012).
10035:
9672:
8987:
8472:is the essence of all four stations.
7826:" and leery of Syrian Sunni rebels.
2722:("ceremony of giving up the self").
2373:Süpürgeci: This position represents
76:adding citations to reliable sources
47:
13810:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Hārb ibn al-Kindi
11325:New York: Mansell, pp. 88–106.
10870:"The formation of Alevi syncretism"
10650:
10621:
10161:Miller, Tracy, ed. (October 2009).
9839:"The Bektashis have stopped hiding"
9793:, "Kizil-Bash", Online Edition 2005
9411:Kızıl, Nurbanu (31 December 2021).
9268:
8544:
8112:is more directed towards heterodox
8098:quoted above in the context of the
8007:600k to 700k Alevi live in Germany.
7690:Alevi leaders are variously called
2702:Those who attain to the third gate
2634:) who is sometimes identified with
2534:
2380:Meydancı: This position represents
2169:). The ceremony's prototype is the
1628:, and teachings are passed on by a
1624:, Alevis have no binding religious
1587:
24:
11318:New York: Mansell, pp. 78–87.
10835:
10724:
10555:"Sabahat Akkiraz'dan Alevi raporu"
10436:The Cambridge History of the Kurds
10279:van Bruinessen, Martin (c. 1995).
9911:
9837:Magra, Iliana (26 November 2023).
9622:. Sahkulu Sultan Külliyesi Vakfı.
9478:KINGSLEY, PATRICK (22 July 2017).
8010:100k to 200k Alevi live in France.
7006:
2989:Kültür Etkinlikleri, 23–24 June).
2823:and sharing it with others. Also,
2387:Niyazcı: this position represents
2355:Çerağcı: This position represents
2320:
1689:, rather than a form of worship".
1605:, who taught the teachings of the
25:
16635:
14182:Muhājirīyya (Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir)
11454:
11307:, Istanbul, February 27–28, 2004.
10475:. Yurt Kitap-Yayın. p. 319.
10341:Daan Bauwens (18 February 2010).
10134:
9440:Cagaptay, Soner (17 April 2012).
9269:Tee, Caroline (29 January 2013).
9218:The formation of Alevi syncretism
8748:in the central Anatolian town of
8661:. First level members are called
8635:who are close in spirit to them.
3093:
2748:
2341:Rehber: This position represents
2138:
1764:A representation of the sword of
16566:
16554:
16542:
16517:
16516:
16505:
16036:Schools of islamic jurisprudence
15284:Timeline of the history of Islam
15115:
14200:Tūnīyya (Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh)
12422:Abū Amr (Abū Yahyā) Hāfs al-Fard
12294:Abū Marwān Gaylān ibn Mūslīm ad-
11972:Abū Ḥanīfah al-Nu'mān ibn Thābit
11243:Journal of Historical Sociology,
11202:Van Bruinessen, Martin (2005). "
10980:Kehl-Bodrogi, Krisztina (1992).
10918:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
10202:{ Aringberg-Laanatza, Marianne.
9659:
9541:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
8202:
8065:and oppose secular state power.
8014:
7993:The predominant religion of the
7723:s may attain to the position of
7646:
7622:
7556:
3178:The historical emergence of the
3066:
3020:set formula or prescribed amount
2872:
2847:
2768:
2757:
2362:Zakir: This position represents
2348:Gözcü: This position represents
1538:
1480:
345:
171:
52:
16377:List of ex-Muslim organisations
14747:United Submitters International
14031:Abu Bayhas al-Hāytham ibn Jābir
13409:Alid dynasties of northern Iran
12762:Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
11160:." (Based on his MA thesis for
11113:The Bektashi order of dervishes
11086:Van Bruinessen, Martin (1996).
11075:Van Bruinessen, Martin (1997).
10895:
10876:
10862:
10853:
10802:
10783:
10769:
10751:
10598:
10586:
10496:
10462:
10427:
10365:
10334:
10303:
10250:Jones, Dorian (22 March 2012).
10243:
10209:
10196:
10154:
10128:
10119:
9998:
9964:
9952:
9939:See again "The significance of
9933:
9924:
9905:
9853:
9830:
9805:
9796:
9783:
9732:The Ottomans: A Cultural Legacy
9722:
9705:
9684:
9644:
9608:
9498:
9404:
9360:
9346:
9299:
9262:
9225:
9208:
9184:
8054:as the actual and true Caliph.
7871:
6976:
2313:), this discussion is called a
1886:
1042:Shiism in Persia after Safavids
416:Prophet Muḥammad ibn `Abd Allāh
63:needs additional citations for
15041:Sunni schools of jurisprudence
14059:Abū Yazīd Mukhallad ibn Kayrād
12772:Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub
12767:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi
12425:Muḥāmmad ibn ʿĪsā (Burgūsīyya)
12046:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari
11469:A Sufi Metamorphosis: Imam Ali
11100:Leiden: Brill, pp. 17–32.
10926:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
10322:. State.gov. 14 September 2007
10099:"ALEVIS AND THE TURKISH STATE"
9549:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
9232:Markussen, Hege Irene (2010).
9191:Gültekin, Ahmet Kerim (2019),
9135:
9092:
9049:
9016:
8981:
8935:
8914:
8870:
8840:Markussen, Hege Irene (2010).
8575:is celebrated by Bektashis as
7037:
2370:and recites songs and prayers.
1730:(the Truth) or referred to as
1638:six articles of faith of Islam
1037:Shia in Persia before Safavids
771:Crucial figures and influences
13:
1:
14473:al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi
12799:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid
11110:Birge, John Kingsley (1937).
10984:(New Series), Vol. 32, No. 1.
10414:Office of National Statistics
10410:"Religion, England and Wales"
9860:Soileau, Mark (August 2012).
9221:(Thesis). Bilkent University.
8977:– via www.academia.edu.
8960:10.1080/00210862.2019.1646120
8823:
7894:Alevis in a demonstration in
3100:Ottoman persecution of Alevis
2995:
2663:
2622:honors the mysterious figure
2574:
1755:the unity of Muhammad and Ali
16362:Apostasy in Islam by country
16239:Liberalism and progressivism
14161:ʿĀbidīyya (ʿUthmān al-ʿĀbid)
14102:Abd Allah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi
14083:'Abdullāh ibn Ibāḍ al-Tamimi
13101:Islamic schools and branches
11936:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad
11841:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
11021:Shindeldecker, John (1996).
10737:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 14–15.
10657:Starr, S. Frederick (2004).
10395:– via googlebooks.com.
9113:10.1080/13530194.2010.524437
8638:
8619:and the prophetic practice (
8519:for saying "I am the Truth"
7771:Relationship with Shia Islam
3164:Alevis have been victims of
3014:Alevis are expected to give
2418:
2019:
1985:; founder and leader of the
1932:
7:
14093:Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin
12789:Hassan Ala Dhikrihi's Salam
12146:Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi
12081:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi
11487:Alevi Bektaşi Research Site
11298:Zeitschrift für Ethnologie,
11231:. Ergon Verlag. 215 pages.
11010:Encyclopedia of the Orient.
9616:John Shindeldecker (1998).
9306:Karolewski, Janina (2008).
8796:
2783:(below) publicly in Turkey.
2325:There are twelve services (
2202:and other local languages.
10:
16640:
16289:
14844:Bandagi Mian Syed Khundmir
14289:Muhammad ibn Ziyād al-Kūfī
14042:Najdah ibn 'Amir al-Hānafī
13720:Nasir Khusraw al-Qubadiani
13204:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
12460:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
12091:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi
12051:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi
11876:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi
11288:New Perspective on Turkey,
10997:Kjeilen, Tore (undated). "
10994:Milano: Edizioni Unicopli.
10731:Minahan, James B. (2014).
10634:Cambridge University Press
10440:Cambridge University Press
10024:شيعه_لبنان_زير_سلطه_عثماني
9246:10.31826/9781463225728-006
8854:10.31826/9781463225728-006
8781:beliefs. Concepts such as
8762:
8673:محب. After some time as a
8642:
8548:
8480:
8454:, and the fourth station,
8170:
8147:
7924:2021 United Kingdom census
7875:
7799:exist. Both are viewed as
7787:Relationship with Alawites
7739:(large landowners) of the
3097:
3070:
3038:
3034:
2999:
2944:Seyyid Battal Gazi Complex
2907:
2893:
2789:
2745:(translations uncertain).
2667:
2608:
2484:
2466:
2455:and Bektashis together in
2209:
2142:
2114:
2030:The Alevi spiritual path (
2023:
1959:
1890:
1707:
1670:
1666:
832:Abu al-Hassan al-Kharaqani
615:
40:
29:
16500:
16385:
16352:
16302:
16298:
16284:
16211:
16178:
16150:Geography and cartography
16125:
16072:
16068:
16052:
15878:
15800:
15747:
15696:
15692:
15668:
15538:
15420:
15380:
15263:
15215:
15139:
15135:
15124:
15035:
14988:
14940:
14894:
14784:
14771:
14710:
14607:
14550:
14533:
14420:
14368:
14359:
14298:
14215:
14149:
14126:
14073:
13993:
13978:
13908:
13775:
13618:
13482:
13457:
13433:Extinct Zaydi Shi'a sects
13370:
13270:
13120:
13111:
13107:
13094:
13068:
13013:
12960:
12856:
12849:
12807:
12777:Tayyibi Ismā'īlī doctrine
12737:
12595:
12492:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i
12440:
12410:
12317:
12285:
12226:
12184:
12005:
11959:
11946:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki
11921:Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi
11771:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani
11710:
11701:
11669:
11641:
11608:
11580:
11573:
11569:
11544:
11197:Syracuse University Press
11189:Leiden: Brill, pp. 11–18.
11014:Shankland, David (2003).
10908:Dressler, Markus (2008).
10777:"Aleviten in Deutschland"
10690:. Alyssa Christine Bader
10579:From the introduction of
10448:10.1017/9781108623711.026
10125:See Martin Stokes' study.
10042:. noktaekitap. p. 16
10026:ebookshia.com (in Arabic)
9531:Dressler, Markus (2008).
9067:10.1515/9783110741124-023
9033:10.1515/9781474432702-012
8615:and understanding of the
8314:Haji Bektash Veli Complex
8116:and stands closer to the
7656:medallion in Hagia Sophia
7636:(left) medallions in the
6898:
6896:
6894:
6886:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6864:
6860:
6854:
6846:
6842:
6840:
6838:
6836:
6834:
6790:
6788:
6757:
6755:
6753:
6747:
6741:
6735:
6733:
6731:
6721:
6717:
6715:
6713:
6711:
6709:
6703:
6701:
6699:
6697:
6695:
6683:
6648:
6632:
6619:
6617:
6613:
6603:
6601:
6593:
6589:
6581:
6579:
6567:
6563:
6534:
6532:
6513:
6511:
6480:
6478:
6460:
6454:
6444:
6440:
6434:
6422:
6420:
6416:
6414:
6406:
6404:
6400:
6398:
6394:
6392:
6376:
6374:
6363:
6361:
6343:
6324:
6322:
6314:
6312:
6308:
6306:
6298:
6296:
6292:
6290:
6282:
6280:
6276:
6272:
6258:
6256:
6252:
6250:
6235:
6233:
6190:
6188:
6186:
6180:
6178:
6176:
6160:
6158:
6154:
6152:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6124:
6118:
6104:
6102:
6088:
6086:
6055:
6045:
6030:
6028:
6022:
6020:
6016:
6014:
5990:
5986:
5902:
5900:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5884:
5882:
5874:
5870:
5862:
5858:
5852:
5840:
5836:
5828:
5826:
5792:
5790:
5776:
5743:
5728:
5726:
5722:
5720:
5716:
5714:
5706:
5704:
5696:
5694:
5686:
5684:
5665:
5663:
5631:
5629:
5627:
5621:
5619:
5617:
5607:
5605:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5589:
5587:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5565:
5563:
5512:
5510:
5508:
5496:
5494:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5474:
5462:
5460:
5452:
5450:
5440:
5438:
5396:
5394:
5371:
5369:
5357:
5355:
5347:
5345:
5341:
5339:
5331:
5329:
5323:
5317:
5315:
5280:
5278:
5255:
5253:
5247:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5223:
5219:
5217:
5211:
5207:
5205:
5203:
5201:
5189:
5187:
5177:
5175:
5161:
5159:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5103:
5101:
5097:
5095:
5091:
5089:
5083:
5079:
5077:
5069:
5067:
5059:
5057:
5040:
5038:
5020:
5018:
4994:
4992:
4990:
4978:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4956:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4932:
4930:
4904:
4886:
4884:
4861:
4859:
4857:
4845:
4843:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4817:
4815:
4811:
4809:
4801:
4799:
4740:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4693:
4689:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4669:
4667:
4659:
4657:
4649:
4647:
4624:
4622:
4584:
4576:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4552:
4548:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4518:
4514:
4508:
4470:
4468:
4454:
4438:
4432:
4418:
4416:
4408:
4404:
4398:
4386:
4384:
4376:
4374:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4269:
4267:
4259:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4233:
4223:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4155:
4147:
4145:
4133:
4131:
4117:
4115:
4095:
4093:
4089:
4043:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4005:
3997:
3995:
3985:
3983:
3965:
3959:
3945:
3943:
3928:
3926:
3921:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3895:
3893:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3881:
3869:
3867:
3855:
3853:
3843:
3833:
3825:
3807:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3746:
3744:
3738:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3696:
3690:
3688:
3682:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3604:
3594:
3592:
3580:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3560:
3556:
3510:
3486:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3461:
3453:
3451:
3443:
3439:
3431:
3427:
3419:
3415:
3381:
3370:
3368:
3361:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3334:
3326:
3314:
3310:
3298:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3278:
3274:
3243:
3236:
3222:
1528:Haji Bektash Veli Complex
1122:Kalender Çelebi rebellion
325:
315:
302:Haji Bektash Veli Complex
297:
283:
261:
251:
239:
213:
203:
179:
170:
157:
152:
16459:Islamic view of miracles
14462:Umayr ibn Bayān al-ʿIjlī
13337:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi
12951:The Moderation in Belief
12832:Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya
12570:Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi
12141:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri
12071:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi
11134:Mélikoff, Irène (1998).
11105:Alevi / Bektashi history
10595:Isis Press, 2006, p. 81.
9977:. ABC-CLIO. p. 42.
9756:Powell, Russell (2016).
9324:10.1163/157006008X364767
8499:and involves a chain of
8477:Sufi elements in Alevism
8137:are better believers of
7957:12,521,000 according to
7848:Relationship with Sunnis
6953:Ghulam Hussain Miya Khan
6911:Syed Jafar Ahmad Shirazi
2839:Ziyarat to sacred places
2264:The Rite of Integration
1736:Allah, Muhammad, and Ali
1348:Other influential groups
1127:Nur Ali Halife rebellion
30:Not to be confused with
16224:Creationism (evolution)
14919:Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani
14315:Hammād ibn Abū Sūlaimān
14233:Yūnus ibn Awn an-Namīrī
14005:Abd al-Karīm ibn Adjrād
12944:Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi
12902:Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah
12757:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani
12161:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi
12066:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti
12056:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari
11896:Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani
11851:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
11786:Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini
11501:Semah – several samples
11262:Vorhoff, Karin (1995).
11245:17/4, pp. 464–489.
11169:Ghulat sects in general
11156:Yaman, Ali (undated). "
11119:Brown, John P. (1868),
10713:Johanson, Lars (2001).
9971:Fieldhouse, P. (2017).
9762:Routledge. p. 35.
9391:interaktif.konda.com.tr
8942:Yildirim, Riza (2019).
8613:mystical interpretation
8446:Four Spiritual Stations
8382:World Bektashi Congress
2710:") must have been in a
2602:Stories of the Prophets
2129:
2073:(spiritual brotherhood)
1989:, which evolved into a
1956:Creed and jurisprudence
1859:Scriptures and prophets
1636:. They acknowledge the
16474:Persecution of Muslims
16372:List of former Muslims
15289:Succession to Muhammad
14591:Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu
14173:Hīdīyya (Hīd ibn Saif)
13666:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana
13161:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari
12822:Ahmad ibn Isa ibn Zayd
12817:Abu'l-Jarud al-Hamdani
12752:Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani
12712:Agha Zia ol Din Araghi
12697:Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi
12377:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri
12372:Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar
12131:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
12041:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi
12036:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi
12021:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi
11891:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani
11856:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati
11781:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
11345:Turkish-language works
11300:127, pp. 163–189.
11222:Middle Eastern Studies
11153:London: Athlone Press.
11116:, London and Hartford.
11053:The Alevi of Anatolia.
11051:Zeidan, David (1999) "
10924:Encyclopaedia of Islam
10759:"Alevitische Gemeinde"
9813:
9791:Encyclopaedia of Islam
9547:Encyclopaedia of Islam
9058:Education Materialised
8473:
8090:and as illustrated by
8030:
7898:
7887:
7791:Similarities with the
7011:
4736:Ḥamdān Qarmaṭ'l-ʾAšʿaṯ
3483:Khadija bint Khuwaylid
3121:, himself a native of
3063:
3052:of the founder of the
2969:Hacibektaş celebration
2815:
2733:; for the fourth gate
2686:
2644:George's Day in Spring
2631:
2606:
2549:
2539:
2525:
2519:
2514:
2501:
2464:
2382:Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman
2330:
2160:
1994:
1795:
1777:
1703:
1579:
1530:
777:Khadija bint Khuwaylid
161:
16624:Shia Islamic branches
16268:Conversion to mosques
16135:Alchemy and chemistry
14860:Wallace Fard Muhammad
13817:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya
13324:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi
13073:Early Muslim scholars
12881:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq
12151:Rahmatullah Kairanawi
11901:Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi
11811:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
11290:28, pp. 163–188.
11192:Moosa, Matti (1988).
11158:Kizilbash Alevi Dedes
11024:Turkish Alevis Today.
10902:General introductions
10469:Aksüt, Hamza (2009).
10069:memorializeturkey.com
9945:among the Alevis" in
9823:among the Alevis" in
9729:Darke, Diana (2022).
9202:University of Leipzig
9170:Minority Rights Group
8988:Mete, Levent (2019).
8763:Further information:
8643:Further information:
8481:Further information:
8443:
8400:Bektashism in Albania
8148:Further information:
8063:Ja'fari jurisprudence
8022:
7893:
7885:
7010:
3098:Further information:
3071:Further information:
3048:
2908:Further information:
2811:
2582:
2495:begins 20 days after
2426:
2389:Muhammad ibn Maslamah
2156:
2115:Further information:
1981:
1798:Spirits and afterlife
1779:
1763:
1726:, God is also called
1681:According to scholar
1601:Islamic teachings of
1526:
1117:Baba Zünnun Rebellion
1112:Persecution of Alevis
882:Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi
16609:Religion and alcohol
16599:Shia Islam in Turkey
15994:Ma malakat aymanukum
15569:Association football
14511:‘Ulyanīyya/'Alyaīyya
14306:Al-Harith ibn Surayj
13496:Theology of Twelvers
13341:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi
12888:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal
12687:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
12086:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi
12076:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni
12061:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani
11881:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
11846:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
11836:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
11831:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
11806:Abu al-Walid al-Baji
11495:Semah from a TV show
11127:Küçük, Hülya (2002)
10779:. 16 September 2021.
9872:History of Religions
9849:on 30 November 2023.
9619:Turkish Alevis Today
9060:. pp. 465–496.
8759:Non-Islamic elements
8324:Durbalı Sultan Tekke
8128:St Francis of Assisi
7942:Population estimates
6921:Progressive Dawoodis
6042:Al-Mustanṣir bi-Llāh
3060:(Ḥājjī Baktāsh Walī)
2881:Karacaahmet Cemetery
2694:with the first gate
2507:Mourning of Muharram
2491:The Muslim month of
2487:Mourning of Muharram
2481:Mourning of Muharram
2445:Mourning of Muharram
2350:Abu Dharr al-Ghifari
2067:backbiting/gossiping
2041:Dört Kapı Kırk Makam
1738:, but this is not a
922:Shah Nimatullah Wali
902:Safi-ad-din Ardabili
842:Khoja Akhmet Yassawi
352:Part of a series on
72:improve this article
14740:Ghulam Ahmed Pervez
14487:Abū Mānsūr al-ʿIjlī
14459:ʿIjlīyya/Umayrīyya
14257:Abū Sawbān al-Murjī
13919:An-Nafs Az-Zakiyyah
13226:Other Salafi trends
13055:Musta'li Isma'ilism
12971:Eʿteqādātal-Emāmīya
12362:Ja'far ibn Mūbassīr
12126:Anwar Shah Kashmiri
11776:Zakariyya al-Ansari
11439:Yaman, Ali (2000) "
11305:Boğaziçi University
11210:no. 39–40, 101–121.
11162:Istanbul University
11091:Middle East Report,
11008:," in the (online)
11004:4 June 2012 at the
10628:Louie, Kam (2008).
10353:on 22 February 2010
10036:Sarı, Eren (2017).
9719:page 83-84 (German)
9312:Die Welt des Islams
9000:] (in German).
8247:Bektashi Dedebabate
8108:Christian mysticism
7683:members are called
7663:In contrast to the
3170:1993 Sivas massacre
3117:century Sufi saint
3058:Hacı Bektaş-ı Veli
2737:, Ultimate Truth),
2679:(manevi kardeşlik).
2403:Sakacı: represents
2364:Bilal ibn al-Harith
2357:Jabir ibn Abd-Allah
2058:committing adultery
1883:) to his disciple.
1162:Auspicious Incident
1142:Battle of Chaldiran
16614:Religion in Turkey
16479:Quran and miracles
16393:Criticism of Islam
16107:Geometric patterns
15959:Gender segregation
15530:Non-denominational
15039:Other scholars of
14930:Islamic modernists
14904:Modernist Salafism
14560:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
14519:Abdullah ibn Saba'
14454:Muʿāmmar ibn Ahmar
14339:Ibrāhim ibn Yousūf
14327:Mūsā ibn Abū Kasīr
14318:Muhārīb ibn Dithār
14249:Abū Muāz at-Tūmanī
13571:Astarabadi (Naimi)
13301:Abdullah al-Harari
13255:Muhammad bin Dawud
13188:Syed Nazeer Husain
12923:Tabsirat al-Adilla
12837:Al-Mansur al-Qasim
12672:Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid
12519:Syed Nazeer Husain
12442:Salafi Theologians
12194:Al-Ja'd ibn Dirham
12166:Muhammad Abu Zahra
11951:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
11801:Abdul Qadir Gilani
11283:30/5, pp. 979–994.
11027:Istanbul: Sahkulu.
10914:. In Fleet, Kate;
10883:Dressler, Markus.
10561:. 14 December 2012
10535:. 31 December 2021
10533:www.dailysabah.com
10222:The New York Times
10175:on 10 October 2009
9537:. In Fleet, Kate;
9484:The New York Times
9240:. pp. 65–90.
9238:Alevis and Alevism
8848:. pp. 65–90.
8846:Alevis and Alevism
8813:Religious humanism
8746:Hajji Bektash Wali
8704:إرشاد). Above the
8487:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
8474:
8213:Historical figures
8031:
7899:
7888:
7820:Jeffrey Gettlemand
7667: –
7016:Abdul Qadir Gilani
7012:
6949:Atba-i-Malak Badar
6939:A. Qadir Ebrahimji
6935:Atba-i-Malak Vakil
6806:A . Hussain Jivaji
5785:Iran, Islamic Rep.
4610:Fātimā al-Ma‘sūmah
4216:Muhammad "al-Imām"
3907:Fatimah bint Hasan
3141:Republic of Turkey
3134:Safavid Shia state
3064:
3018:, but there is no
2792:Eyüp Sultan Mosque
2648:Saint George's Day
2607:
2465:
2375:Salman the Persian
2161:
1995:
1913:the "Second 'Ali"
1875:(Gospel), and the
1832:), as well as the
1778:
1622:Twelver Shia Islam
1531:
1404:Yazidis in Armenia
1202:Gazi Quarter riots
1157:Kuyucu Murad Pasha
862:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
847:Abdul-Qadir Gilani
792:Salman the Persian
16530:
16529:
16496:
16495:
16492:
16491:
16464:Domestic violence
16454:Islamic terrorism
16449:Islamic extremism
16280:
16279:
16276:
16275:
16048:
16047:
16044:
16043:
15834:Marriage contract
15664:
15663:
15624:Political aspects
15411:Story of Prophets
15180:Prophets of Islam
15083:
15082:
15079:
15078:
15075:
15074:
15031:
15030:
14840:Muhammad Jaunpuri
14767:
14766:
14693:Sumāma ibn Ashras
14529:
14528:
14380:Dāwūd al-Jawāribî
14355:
14354:
14225:Gaylān ibn Marwān
14122:
14121:
13974:
13973:
13637:Abdallah al-Aftah
13453:
13452:
13366:
13365:
13350:Necmettin Erbakan
13192:Siddiq Hasan Khan
13156:Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la
13090:
13089:
13086:
13085:
13064:
13063:
13004:Tajrid al-I'tiqad
12998:Tashih al-I'tiqad
12909:Al-Sawad al-A'zam
12845:
12844:
12827:Al-Qasim al-Rassi
12794:Idris Imad al-Din
12747:Al-Qadi al-Nu'man
12722:Ruhollah Khomeini
12702:Zurarah ibn A'yan
12677:Sharif al-Murtaza
12665:Muhammad al-Mahdi
12650:Muhammad al-Jawad
12630:Muhammad al-Baqir
12531:Siddiq Hasan Khan
12507:Rabee al-Madkhali
12156:Murtada al-Zabidi
11931:Ibrahim al-Bajuri
11697:
11696:
11443:." Alevi Bektaşi.
11271:Alevism in Europe
11174:Halm, H. (1982).
10988:Kitsikis, Dimitri
10828:978-0-7486-4694-4
10347:Asia Times Online
10106:turkishpolicy.com
9984:978-1-61069-412-4
9918:www.aljazeera.com
9742:978-0-500-77753-4
9717:978-3-830-97883-1
9700:978-1-135-79725-6
9603:978-1-135-79725-6
9582:978-9-004-27919-3
9515:Sophia University
9452:on 7 January 2022
9284:10.4000/ejts.4683
9255:978-1-4632-2572-8
8900:978-0-19-934037-8
8863:978-1-4632-2572-8
8818:Shi'a view of Ali
8752:(Solucakarahüyük)
8728:great-grandfather
8590:Haqq-Muhammad-Ali
8511:). Alevis admire
8438:
8437:
8319:Arabati Baba Teḱe
8219:Haji Bektash Veli
7999:Taklamakan Desert
7777:Ruhollah Khomeini
7746:Düşkünlük Meydanı
7597:
7596:
7039:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
6974:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6966:
6965:
6956:
6942:
6928:
6914:
6814:
6797:
6786:
6773:
6660:
6644:
6547:
6530:
6509:
6492:
6476:
6359:
6248:
6231:
6216:
6206:
6084:
5970:
5954:
5940:
5926:
5808:
5788:
5772:
5758:
5436:
5422:
5408:
5313:
5297:
5276:
5173:
5135:
5008:
4916:
4890:Mūsā al-Mūbārraqā
4874:
4781:
4763:Muhammad al-Taqī
4755:
4738:
4728:
4597:
4492:
4458:Muhammad al-Aftah
4340:
4329:
4313:Isma'il ibn Jafar
4085:
4074:
4064:
4047:Muhammad al-Baqir
4041:
3941:
3819:Ibn al-Hanifiyyah
3805:
3678:
3664:
3659:Khawlah b. Ja'far
3648:
3514:Fatimah bint Asad
3501:
3384:Fatimah bint Qays
3358:Aminah bint Wahab
3209:
3119:Haji Bektash Veli
3112:Şahkulu rebellion
3050:Ottoman miniature
2585:Persian miniature
2366:. S/he plays the
2038:, forty levels" (
1983:Tomb of Ahi Evren
1903:Ali ibn Abu Talib
1718:Haqq–Muhammad–Ali
1698:nature veneration
1687:cultural identity
1613:. Differing from
1603:Haji Bektash Veli
1521:
1520:
1326:Arabati Baba Teḱe
1172:Koçgiri Rebellion
1132:Şahkulu Rebellion
1102:Celali rebellions
1072:Abbasid Caliphate
1047:Umayyad Caliphate
987:Arabati Baba Teḱe
872:Haji Bektash Veli
807:Dhul-Nun al-Misri
621:Düşkünlük Meydanı
506:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
411:Haqq–Muhammad–Ali
337:
336:
320:Haji Bektash Veli
246:Haqq–Muhammad–Ali
226:Haji Bektash Veli
148:
147:
140:
122:
27:Islamic tradition
16:(Redirected from
16631:
16619:Shia Sufi orders
16571:
16570:
16569:
16559:
16558:
16547:
16546:
16545:
16538:
16520:
16519:
16512:Islam portal
16510:
16509:
16508:
16300:
16299:
16292:
16286:
16285:
16127:Medieval science
16070:
16069:
16060:
16054:
16053:
15711:Economic history
15694:
15693:
15670:
15669:
15656:Islam by country
15489:Bektashi Alevism
15137:
15136:
15128:Outline of Islam
15110:
15103:
15096:
15087:
15086:
14782:
14781:
14548:
14547:
14366:
14365:
14342:Nusayr ibn Yahyā
14324:Awn ibn Abdullāh
14311:Sa'id ibn Jubayr
14281:Ubayd al-Mūktaib
14147:
14146:
13991:
13990:
13960:ʿAjlan ibn Nawus
13929:Maḥmūd Pasīkhānī
13898:Khashabiyya Shia
13834:Bayān ibn Sam‘ān
13792:Abū ʿAmra Kaysān
13575:Imadaddin Nasimi
13480:
13479:
13377:
13376:
13248:Salafi Modernism
13151:Ahmad ibn Hanbal
13118:
13117:
13109:
13108:
13096:
13095:
12992:Awail Al Maqalat
12874:Al-Baz al-Ashhab
12854:
12853:
12784:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa
12739:Isma'ili Shi'ism
12727:Wilayat al-faqih
12707:Hisham ibn Hakam
12692:Allamah Al-Hilli
11916:Muhammad Mayyara
11708:
11707:
11578:
11577:
11571:
11570:
11546:
11545:
11538:Islamic theology
11531:
11524:
11517:
11508:
11507:
11491:
11483:
11465:
11083:(Leiden: Brill).
10935:
10913:
10889:
10888:
10880:
10874:
10873:
10866:
10860:
10857:
10851:
10848:
10833:
10832:
10806:
10800:
10799:
10787:
10781:
10780:
10773:
10767:
10766:
10755:
10749:
10748:
10728:
10722:
10721:
10719:
10710:
10704:
10703:
10701:
10699:
10683:
10677:
10676:
10654:
10648:
10647:
10625:
10619:
10618:
10616:
10614:
10602:
10596:
10590:
10584:
10577:
10571:
10570:
10568:
10566:
10559:haber.sol.org.tr
10551:
10545:
10544:
10542:
10540:
10525:
10519:
10518:
10516:
10514:
10500:
10494:
10493:
10491:
10489:
10466:
10460:
10459:
10431:
10425:
10424:
10422:
10420:
10406:
10397:
10396:
10394:
10392:
10369:
10363:
10362:
10360:
10358:
10349:. Archived from
10338:
10332:
10331:
10329:
10327:
10316:
10310:
10307:
10301:
10300:
10298:
10296:
10287:. Archived from
10276:
10270:
10269:
10267:
10265:
10260:. Deutsche Welle
10247:
10241:
10240:
10238:
10236:
10213:
10207:
10200:
10194:
10191:
10185:
10184:
10182:
10180:
10174:
10168:. Archived from
10167:
10158:
10152:
10151:
10149:
10147:
10135:Flows, Capital.
10132:
10126:
10123:
10117:
10116:
10114:
10112:
10103:
10094:
10085:
10084:
10082:
10080:
10071:. Archived from
10061:
10052:
10051:
10049:
10047:
10033:
10027:
10021:
10010:
10009:
10002:
9996:
9995:
9993:
9991:
9968:
9962:
9956:
9950:
9937:
9931:
9928:
9922:
9921:
9909:
9903:
9902:
9900:
9898:
9869:
9857:
9851:
9850:
9845:. Archived from
9834:
9828:
9816:
9809:
9803:
9800:
9794:
9787:
9781:
9780:
9778:
9776:
9753:
9747:
9746:
9726:
9720:
9709:
9703:
9688:
9682:
9679:
9670:
9669:
9666:www.academia.edu
9657:
9651:
9648:
9642:
9641:
9612:
9606:
9591:
9585:
9570:
9559:
9558:
9536:
9528:
9519:
9518:
9502:
9496:
9495:
9493:
9491:
9486:. New York Times
9475:
9462:
9461:
9459:
9457:
9448:. Archived from
9437:
9428:
9427:
9425:
9423:
9408:
9402:
9401:
9399:
9397:
9383:
9372:
9371:
9364:
9358:
9357:
9350:
9344:
9343:
9318:(3/4): 434–456.
9303:
9297:
9296:
9286:
9266:
9260:
9259:
9229:
9223:
9222:
9212:
9206:
9205:
9199:
9188:
9182:
9181:
9179:
9177:
9158:
9139:
9133:
9132:
9096:
9090:
9089:
9069:
9053:
9047:
9046:
9020:
9014:
9013:
9011:
9009:
8985:
8979:
8978:
8976:
8974:
8954:(3–4): 449–483.
8939:
8933:
8932:
8930:
8928:
8918:
8912:
8911:
8909:
8907:
8874:
8868:
8867:
8837:
8769:Turkic mythology
8669:) one becomes a
8608:مغفرة الذنوب).
8606:magfirat-i zunub
8585:Wahdat Al-Mawjud
8579:Ali's birthday.
8557:Wahdat al-Mawjud
8551:Wahdat al-mawjud
8545:Wahdat al-Mawjud
8537:and some of the
8509:Sufi metaphysics
8491:Sufi metaphysics
8450:Sharia, tariqa,
8448:in Bektashiyyah:
8430:
8423:
8416:
8354:Tomb of Gül Baba
8339:Tekke of Frashër
8329:Hasan Baba Tekke
8206:
8197:
8191:
8190:
8177:
8176:
8081:Pir Sultan Abdal
7934:, are counted.
7650:
7626:
7589:
7582:
7575:
7563:Islam portal
7561:
7560:
7559:
7494:Topics in Sufism
7166:Sufi metaphysics
7042:
7041:
7001:
6995:
6994:
6981:
6980:
6947:
6933:
6919:
6905:
6804:
6793:
6778:
6767:
6657:Nizārī Ismā'īlīs
6654:
6638:
6541:
6524:
6500:
6486:
6470:
6353:
6242:
6225:
6211:
6200:
6078:
5964:
5948:
5934:
5920:
5798:
5782:
5766:
5749:
5430:
5416:
5402:
5307:
5291:
5270:
5167:
5129:
5006:(Raḍī ʿAbdillāh)
5003:
4910:
4870:
4775:
4749:
4734:
4724:
4595:
4486:
4477:Athnā‘ashariyyah
4465:Ibrāhim ibn Mūsā
4338:
4323:
4079:
4069:
4058:
4033:
3935:
3799:
3787:Hasan al Mujtaba
3669:
3657:
3642:
3495:
3215:
3214:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3175:
3174:
2876:
2860:Pir Sultan Abdal
2851:
2809:, which presents
2772:
2761:
2689:
2552:
2542:
2540:Rojîya Miherremê
2536:
2528:
2522:
2504:
2439:was murdered at
2055:killing a person
1748:Muhammad and Ali
1694:Pir Sultan Abdal
1630:spiritual leader
1589:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1487:Islam portal
1485:
1484:
1483:
1177:Dersim Rebellion
1077:Babak Khorramdin
1007:Börklüce Mustafa
1002:Sheikh Bedreddin
992:Pir Sultan Abdal
937:Ali Mirza Safavi
917:Imadaddin Nasimi
912:Sadr al-Dīn Mūsā
822:Mansur Al-Hallaj
802:Jābir ibn Hayyān
644:The Twelve Imams
466:Wahdat al-mawjud
386:
378:
349:
344:
339:
338:
175:
166:
164:
150:
149:
143:
136:
132:
129:
123:
121:
80:
56:
48:
21:
16639:
16638:
16634:
16633:
16632:
16630:
16629:
16628:
16579:
16578:
16577:
16567:
16565:
16553:
16543:
16541:
16533:
16531:
16526:
16506:
16504:
16488:
16410:Cultural Muslim
16381:
16348:
16304:Other religions
16294:
16290:
16272:
16207:
16174:
16121:
16064:
16062:Islamic studies
16058:
16040:
15874:
15819:
15796:
15743:
15688:
15687:
15660:
15609:Moral teachings
15552:
15534:
15508:Nation of Islam
15469:Twelver Shi'ism
15416:
15382:Religious texts
15376:
15294:Early conquests
15277:
15259:
15211:
15131:
15120:
15114:
15084:
15071:
15027:
14984:
14955:Ahmed Raza Khan
14936:
14890:
14880:Fethullah Gülen
14855:Nation of Islam
14776:
14773:
14763:
14706:
14683:Ahmad ibn Hābīt
14611:
14603:
14541:
14537:
14525:
14446:Bāzīgh ibn Mūsā
14416:
14351:
14336:Hālaf ibn Ayyūb
14294:
14211:
14140:
14137:
14134:
14130:
14118:
14069:
13982:
13970:
13904:
13778:
13771:
13739:Hassan-i Sabbah
13622:
13614:
13486:
13473:
13469:
13465:
13461:
13449:
13414:Hasan al-Utrush
13362:
13328:Ahmed Raza Khan
13274:
13266:
13173:Dawud al-Zahiri
13124:
13103:
13082:
13060:
13009:
12956:
12916:Kitab al-Tawhid
12841:
12803:
12733:
12660:Hasan al-Askari
12635:Ja'far al-Sadiq
12597:Twelver Shi'ism
12591:
12563:Salafi Jihadism
12558:Osama bin Laden
12541:Safar Al-Hawali
12502:Saleh Al-Fawzan
12436:
12406:
12399:Sahib ibn Abbad
12394:Ibn Abi'l-Hadid
12359:Ja'far ibn Harb
12324:Wasil ibn 'Ata'
12321:
12313:
12281:
12242:ī (Muqātilīyya)
12222:
12180:
12136:Shah Abdul Aziz
12009:
12001:
11955:
11941:Ahmad al-Dardir
11826:Ahmad al-Rifa'i
11714:
11693:
11665:
11637:
11604:
11565:
11564:
11540:
11535:
11489:
11481:
11463:
11457:
11452:
11340:pp. 23–50.
11176:Die Islamische
11006:Wayback Machine
10920:Rowson, Everett
10898:
10893:
10892:
10881:
10877:
10868:
10867:
10863:
10858:
10854:
10849:
10836:
10829:
10807:
10803:
10788:
10784:
10775:
10774:
10770:
10757:
10756:
10752:
10745:
10729:
10725:
10717:
10711:
10707:
10697:
10695:
10692:Whitman College
10684:
10680:
10673:
10665:. p. 303.
10655:
10651:
10644:
10636:. p. 114.
10626:
10622:
10612:
10610:
10603:
10599:
10591:
10587:
10578:
10574:
10564:
10562:
10553:
10552:
10548:
10538:
10536:
10527:
10526:
10522:
10512:
10510:
10502:
10501:
10497:
10487:
10485:
10483:
10467:
10463:
10442:. p. 562.
10432:
10428:
10418:
10416:
10408:
10407:
10400:
10390:
10388:
10386:
10370:
10366:
10356:
10354:
10339:
10335:
10325:
10323:
10318:
10317:
10313:
10308:
10304:
10294:
10292:
10277:
10273:
10263:
10261:
10248:
10244:
10234:
10232:
10214:
10210:
10201:
10197:
10192:
10188:
10178:
10176:
10172:
10165:
10159:
10155:
10145:
10143:
10133:
10129:
10124:
10120:
10110:
10108:
10101:
10095:
10088:
10078:
10076:
10075:on 14 July 2014
10063:
10062:
10055:
10045:
10043:
10034:
10030:
10022:
10013:
10004:
10003:
9999:
9989:
9987:
9985:
9969:
9965:
9957:
9953:
9938:
9934:
9929:
9925:
9910:
9906:
9896:
9894:
9863:"Spreading the
9858:
9854:
9835:
9831:
9810:
9806:
9801:
9797:
9788:
9784:
9774:
9772:
9770:
9754:
9750:
9743:
9727:
9723:
9710:
9706:
9689:
9685:
9680:
9673:
9660:Aksu, İbrahim.
9658:
9654:
9649:
9645:
9630:
9613:
9609:
9592:
9588:
9571:
9562:
9543:Rowson, Everett
9529:
9522:
9503:
9499:
9489:
9487:
9476:
9465:
9455:
9453:
9438:
9431:
9421:
9419:
9409:
9405:
9395:
9393:
9385:
9384:
9375:
9366:
9365:
9361:
9352:
9351:
9347:
9304:
9300:
9267:
9263:
9256:
9230:
9226:
9213:
9209:
9197:
9189:
9185:
9175:
9173:
9160:
9159:
9142:
9136:
9097:
9093:
9078:
9054:
9050:
9043:
9021:
9017:
9007:
9005:
8986:
8982:
8972:
8970:
8948:Iranian Studies
8940:
8936:
8926:
8924:
8920:
8919:
8915:
8905:
8903:
8901:
8875:
8871:
8864:
8838:
8831:
8826:
8799:
8771:
8761:
8710:is the rank of
8651:
8641:
8633:Jelalludin Rumi
8553:
8547:
8493:
8479:
8434:
8405:
8404:
8395:
8387:
8386:
8367:
8359:
8358:
8349:Abbas Ali Türbe
8304:
8294:
8293:
8249:
8239:
8238:
8214:
8193:
8192:
8181:
8180:
8175:
8169:
8164:
8017:
7959:Sabahat Akkiraz
7944:
7880:
7878:Kurdish Alevism
7874:
7850:
7824:Bashar al-Assad
7789:
7773:
7731:Traditionally,
7661:
7660:
7659:
7658:
7657:
7651:
7642:
7641:
7640:
7627:
7618:
7617:
7593:
7557:
7555:
7550:
7549:
7495:
7487:
7486:
7467:
7459:
7458:
7429:Haqqani Anjuman
7269:
7259:
7258:
7214:
7206:
7205:
7181:Sufi psychology
7171:Sufi philosophy
7027:
7019:
7018:, Baghdad, Iraq
6997:
6996:
6985:
6984:
6979:
6808:
6780:
6779:Ali bin Ibrāhim
6628:
6540:
6523:
6241:
6224:
6077:
5919:
5780:Velayat-e-faqih
5290:
5035:Hasan al-Askari
5004:
4872:(Taqī Muhammad)
4748:
4594:
4355:
4337:
4322:
4181:Ja'far al-Sadiq
4075:
4056:Zayd ash-Shahīd
4032:
3934:
3924:Jayda al-Sindhi
3918:Zayn al-'Abidin
3641:
3494:
3151:Malatya in 1978
3143:
3114:
3096:
3079:
3069:
3043:
3037:
3012:
3000:Main articles:
2998:
2950:), Hamza Baba (
2938:), Abdal Musa (
2912:
2906:
2894:Main articles:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2877:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2852:
2841:
2802:
2790:Main articles:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2773:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2751:
2672:
2666:
2617:
2609:Main articles:
2577:
2515:Muharrem Mâtemi
2489:
2483:
2471:
2421:
2405:Ammar ibn Yasir
2323:
2321:Twelve services
2214:
2175:Kırklar Meclisi
2151:
2143:Main articles:
2141:
2132:
2127:
2028:
2022:
1987:Ahi Brotherhood
1976:
1958:
1935:
1895:
1889:
1861:
1800:
1720:
1708:Main articles:
1706:
1679:
1671:Main articles:
1669:
1541:
1537:
1517:
1481:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1349:
1341:
1340:
1331:Javad Nurbakhsh
1221:
1207:
1206:
1152:Abaza rebellion
1027:
1017:
1016:
982:Demir Baba Teke
947:Nur-Ali Khalifa
852:Ahmed ar-Rifa'i
812:Bayazid Bastami
797:Uwais al-Qarani
772:
764:
763:
719:
711:
710:
646:
636:
635:
571:
561:
560:
461:Wahdat al-wujud
426:Islamic prophet
396:
384:
380:
379:
351:
342:
332:Sulucakarahöyük
330:
235:
190:Nahj al-Balagha
158:
144:
133:
127:
124:
81:
79:
69:
57:
46:
43:Kurdish Alevism
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
16637:
16627:
16626:
16621:
16616:
16611:
16606:
16601:
16596:
16591:
16576:
16575:
16563:
16551:
16528:
16527:
16525:
16524:
16514:
16501:
16498:
16497:
16494:
16493:
16490:
16489:
16487:
16486:
16481:
16476:
16471:
16466:
16461:
16456:
16451:
16446:
16445:
16444:
16434:
16433:
16432:
16427:
16422:
16412:
16407:
16406:
16405:
16400:
16389:
16387:
16386:Related topics
16383:
16382:
16380:
16379:
16374:
16369:
16364:
16358:
16356:
16350:
16349:
16347:
16346:
16341:
16336:
16331:
16326:
16325:
16324:
16319:
16308:
16306:
16296:
16295:
16282:
16281:
16278:
16277:
16274:
16273:
16271:
16270:
16265:
16258:
16253:
16252:
16251:
16241:
16236:
16231:
16226:
16221:
16215:
16213:
16209:
16208:
16206:
16205:
16200:
16195:
16190:
16184:
16182:
16176:
16175:
16173:
16172:
16167:
16162:
16157:
16152:
16147:
16142:
16137:
16131:
16129:
16123:
16122:
16120:
16119:
16114:
16109:
16104:
16099:
16094:
16089:
16084:
16078:
16076:
16066:
16065:
16050:
16049:
16046:
16045:
16042:
16041:
16039:
16038:
16033:
16032:
16031:
16019:
16017:Sources of law
16014:
16009:
16008:
16007:
15997:
15990:
15985:
15978:
15973:
15966:
15961:
15956:
15951:
15946:
15941:
15936:
15931:
15924:
15917:
15916:
15915:
15910:
15905:
15895:
15890:
15882:
15880:
15876:
15875:
15873:
15872:
15865:
15858:
15851:
15844:
15837:
15830:
15822:
15820:
15818:
15817:
15812:
15807:
15801:
15798:
15797:
15795:
15794:
15787:
15782:
15775:
15768:
15761:
15753:
15751:
15745:
15744:
15742:
15741:
15734:
15727:
15720:
15713:
15708:
15702:
15700:
15690:
15689:
15686:
15685:
15680:
15674:
15666:
15665:
15662:
15661:
15659:
15658:
15653:
15648:
15643:
15641:Social welfare
15638:
15633:
15626:
15621:
15616:
15611:
15606:
15601:
15596:
15591:
15586:
15581:
15576:
15571:
15566:
15561:
15555:
15553:
15551:
15550:
15545:
15539:
15536:
15535:
15533:
15532:
15527:
15522:
15521:
15520:
15510:
15505:
15500:
15499:
15498:
15493:
15492:
15491:
15481:
15476:
15471:
15461:
15456:
15451:
15450:
15449:
15426:
15424:
15418:
15417:
15415:
15414:
15407:
15402:
15397:
15392:
15386:
15384:
15378:
15377:
15375:
15374:
15373:
15372:
15367:
15362:
15357:
15352:
15347:
15342:
15337:
15325:
15320:
15313:
15306:
15304:Historiography
15301:
15296:
15291:
15286:
15280:
15278:
15276:
15275:
15270:
15264:
15261:
15260:
15258:
15257:
15250:
15243:
15236:
15229:
15221:
15219:
15213:
15212:
15210:
15209:
15204:
15199:
15192:
15187:
15182:
15177:
15176:
15175:
15165:
15158:
15157:
15156:
15145:
15143:
15133:
15132:
15125:
15122:
15121:
15113:
15112:
15105:
15098:
15090:
15081:
15080:
15077:
15076:
15073:
15072:
15070:
15069:
15064:
15059:
15054:
15049:
15044:
15036:
15033:
15032:
15029:
15028:
15026:
15025:
15020:
15015:
15010:
15005:
15000:
14994:
14992:
14986:
14985:
14983:
14982:
14977:
14976:
14975:
14970:
14961:
14946:
14944:
14938:
14937:
14935:
14934:
14933:
14932:
14926:
14921:
14916:
14911:
14909:Muhammad Abduh
14900:
14898:
14892:
14891:
14889:
14888:
14887:
14886:
14868:
14867:
14866:
14852:
14851:
14850:
14832:
14831:
14830:
14813:
14812:
14811:
14806:
14801:
14790:
14788:
14779:
14769:
14768:
14765:
14764:
14762:
14761:
14760:
14759:
14754:
14752:Rashad Khalifa
14744:
14743:
14742:
14737:
14735:Muhammad Iqbal
14727:
14722:
14716:
14714:
14708:
14707:
14705:
14704:
14703:
14702:
14696:
14695:
14694:
14688:
14687:
14686:
14685:
14684:
14678:
14675:
14669:
14666:
14665:
14664:
14663:
14662:
14653:
14652:
14651:
14643:
14642:
14641:
14640:
14639:
14634:
14626:
14619:
14617:
14605:
14604:
14602:
14601:
14588:
14586:Bektashi Order
14579:
14570:
14556:
14554:
14545:
14531:
14530:
14527:
14526:
14524:
14523:
14522:
14521:
14513:
14508:
14503:
14500:
14499:
14498:
14490:
14489:
14488:
14482:
14477:
14476:
14475:
14465:
14464:
14463:
14457:
14456:
14455:
14449:
14448:
14447:
14439:
14438:
14437:
14435:Abu al-Khattab
14426:
14424:
14418:
14417:
14415:
14414:
14413:
14412:
14407:
14402:
14393:Abū Hulmān al-
14386:
14383:
14382:
14381:
14374:
14372:
14363:
14357:
14356:
14353:
14352:
14350:
14349:
14348:Amr ibn Murrah
14346:
14345:Ahmad ibn Hārb
14343:
14340:
14337:
14334:
14333:Salm ibn Sālem
14331:
14328:
14325:
14322:
14319:
14316:
14313:
14308:
14302:
14300:
14296:
14295:
14293:
14292:
14291:
14290:
14284:
14283:
14282:
14276:
14275:
14274:
14268:
14267:
14266:
14265:Sāleh ibn Umar
14260:
14259:
14258:
14252:
14251:
14250:
14244:
14243:
14242:
14241:Gassān al-Kūfī
14236:
14235:
14234:
14228:
14227:
14226:
14219:
14217:
14213:
14212:
14210:
14209:
14208:
14207:
14204:
14201:
14198:
14195:
14192:
14189:
14186:
14183:
14180:
14177:
14174:
14171:
14168:
14165:
14162:
14155:
14153:
14144:
14124:
14123:
14120:
14119:
14117:
14116:
14111:
14110:
14109:
14099:
14090:
14088:Jābir ibn Zayd
14085:
14079:
14077:
14071:
14070:
14068:
14067:
14066:
14065:
14056:
14046:
14045:
14044:
14034:
14033:
14032:
14026:
14025:
14024:
14014:
14013:
14012:
14009:
14006:
13999:
13997:
13988:
13976:
13975:
13972:
13971:
13969:
13968:
13963:
13962:
13961:
13956:Tawussite Shia
13953:
13952:
13951:
13937:
13936:
13935:
13921:
13915:
13913:
13906:
13905:
13903:
13902:
13901:
13900:
13895:
13894:
13893:
13888:
13887:
13886:
13881:
13880:
13879:
13874:
13859:
13858:
13857:
13839:
13838:
13837:
13836:
13835:
13829:
13828:
13827:
13824:
13823:
13822:
13819:
13811:
13796:
13795:
13794:
13783:
13781:
13773:
13772:
13770:
13769:
13768:
13767:
13758:
13745:
13731:
13730:
13729:
13717:
13716:
13715:
13710:
13709:
13708:
13703:
13698:
13678:
13677:
13676:
13659:
13641:
13640:
13639:
13628:
13626:
13616:
13615:
13613:
13612:
13611:
13610:
13601:
13587:
13586:
13585:
13568:
13550:
13549:
13548:
13522:
13521:
13520:
13515:
13514:
13513:
13508:
13492:
13490:
13477:
13455:
13454:
13451:
13450:
13448:
13447:
13446:
13445:
13440:
13430:
13429:
13428:
13426:Imams of Yemen
13423:
13421:Yahya ibn Umar
13418:
13417:
13416:
13406:
13401:
13396:
13385:
13383:
13374:
13368:
13367:
13364:
13363:
13361:
13360:
13359:
13358:
13357:
13356:
13347:
13334:
13311:
13310:
13309:
13308:
13307:
13293:
13282:
13280:
13268:
13267:
13265:
13264:
13263:
13262:
13257:
13252:
13251:
13250:
13245:
13244:
13243:
13238:
13233:
13223:
13222:
13221:
13216:
13211:
13206:
13196:
13195:
13194:
13175:
13165:
13164:
13163:
13158:
13153:
13143:
13142:
13141:
13132:
13130:
13115:
13105:
13104:
13092:
13091:
13088:
13087:
13084:
13083:
13081:
13080:
13075:
13069:
13066:
13065:
13062:
13061:
13059:
13058:
13047:
13036:
13029:Kitab al-Majmu
13025:
13017:
13015:
13011:
13010:
13008:
13007:
13000:
12995:
12988:
12981:
12974:
12966:
12964:
12958:
12957:
12955:
12954:
12947:
12940:
12933:
12926:
12919:
12912:
12905:
12898:
12891:
12884:
12877:
12870:
12867:Asas al-Taqdis
12862:
12860:
12851:
12847:
12846:
12843:
12842:
12840:
12839:
12834:
12829:
12824:
12819:
12813:
12811:
12805:
12804:
12802:
12801:
12796:
12791:
12786:
12781:
12780:
12779:
12769:
12764:
12759:
12754:
12749:
12743:
12741:
12735:
12734:
12732:
12731:
12730:
12729:
12719:
12717:Ja'far Sobhani
12714:
12709:
12704:
12699:
12694:
12689:
12684:
12679:
12674:
12669:
12668:
12667:
12662:
12657:
12652:
12647:
12642:
12637:
12632:
12627:
12622:
12620:Husayn ibn Ali
12617:
12612:
12601:
12599:
12593:
12592:
12590:
12589:
12588:
12587:
12579:
12578:
12577:
12567:
12566:
12565:
12555:
12553:Salman al-Ouda
12550:
12549:
12548:
12546:Sahwa movement
12538:
12536:Zubair Ali Zai
12533:
12528:
12527:
12526:
12516:
12515:
12514:
12504:
12499:
12494:
12489:
12484:
12479:
12474:
12469:
12468:
12467:
12457:
12452:
12446:
12444:
12438:
12437:
12435:
12434:
12433:
12432:
12429:
12426:
12423:
12416:
12414:
12408:
12407:
12405:
12404:
12401:
12396:
12391:
12386:
12384:Al-Zamakhshari
12381:
12380:
12379:
12369:
12363:
12360:
12357:
12354:
12348:
12345:
12342:
12339:
12336:
12329:
12327:
12315:
12314:
12312:
12311:
12291:
12289:
12283:
12282:
12280:
12279:
12269:
12268:
12267:
12259:
12243:
12232:
12230:
12224:
12223:
12221:
12220:
12219:
12218:
12217:
12216:
12203:
12202:
12201:
12190:
12188:
12182:
12181:
12179:
12178:
12173:
12168:
12163:
12158:
12153:
12148:
12143:
12138:
12133:
12128:
12123:
12121:Ahmad Sirhindi
12118:
12113:
12108:
12103:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12083:
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12053:
12048:
12043:
12038:
12033:
12028:
12023:
12017:
12015:
12003:
12002:
12000:
11999:
11989:
11982:Malik ibn Anas
11979:
11968:
11966:
11957:
11956:
11954:
11953:
11948:
11943:
11938:
11933:
11928:
11923:
11918:
11913:
11908:
11903:
11898:
11893:
11888:
11883:
11878:
11873:
11868:
11863:
11858:
11853:
11848:
11843:
11838:
11833:
11828:
11823:
11818:
11813:
11808:
11803:
11798:
11793:
11788:
11783:
11778:
11773:
11768:
11763:
11758:
11753:
11748:
11746:Al-Shahrastani
11743:
11738:
11733:
11728:
11722:
11720:
11705:
11699:
11698:
11695:
11694:
11692:
11691:
11686:
11681:
11675:
11673:
11667:
11666:
11664:
11663:
11658:
11653:
11647:
11645:
11639:
11638:
11636:
11635:
11630:
11625:
11620:
11614:
11612:
11606:
11605:
11603:
11602:
11597:
11592:
11586:
11584:
11575:
11567:
11566:
11563:
11562:
11559:
11554:
11550:
11542:
11541:
11534:
11533:
11526:
11519:
11511:
11505:
11504:
11498:
11492:
11484:
11476:
11471:
11466:
11456:
11455:External links
11453:
11451:
11450:
11447:
11444:
11437:
11434:
11431:
11428:
11425:
11422:
11419:
11416:
11413:
11410:
11407:
11404:
11401:
11398:
11395:
11391:
11388:
11384:
11381:
11378:
11375:
11372:
11369:
11366:
11363:
11360:
11357:
11354:
11351:
11347:
11346:
11342:
11341:
11336:
11335:
11334:Bibliographies
11331:
11330:
11326:
11319:
11312:
11308:
11301:
11294:
11291:
11284:
11277:
11273:
11272:
11268:
11267:
11260:
11259:, pp. 194–196.
11253:
11246:
11239:
11237:978-3956506406
11225:
11217:
11216:
11215:Alevi Identity
11212:
11211:
11200:
11190:
11183:
11171:
11170:
11166:
11165:
11154:
11147:
11132:
11131:Leiden: Brill.
11125:
11117:
11107:
11106:
11102:
11101:
11094:
11084:
11073:
11070:
11062:
11061:
11060:Kurdish Alevis
11057:
11056:
11049:
11035:
11034:Leiden: Brill.
11028:
11019:
11012:
10995:
10985:
10978:
10964:
10950:
10936:
10916:Krämer, Gudrun
10904:
10903:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10891:
10890:
10875:
10861:
10852:
10834:
10827:
10801:
10782:
10768:
10750:
10743:
10723:
10705:
10678:
10672:978-0765613189
10671:
10649:
10643:978-0521863223
10642:
10620:
10597:
10585:
10572:
10546:
10520:
10495:
10481:
10461:
10426:
10398:
10384:
10364:
10333:
10311:
10302:
10291:on 12 May 2014
10271:
10257:Deutsche Welle
10242:
10208:
10195:
10186:
10153:
10127:
10118:
10086:
10053:
10028:
10011:
9997:
9983:
9963:
9951:
9932:
9923:
9912:Farooq, Umar.
9904:
9892:10.1086/665961
9884:10.1086/665961
9852:
9829:
9804:
9795:
9782:
9768:
9748:
9741:
9721:
9704:
9683:
9671:
9652:
9643:
9628:
9607:
9586:
9560:
9539:Krämer, Gudrun
9520:
9497:
9463:
9429:
9403:
9373:
9370:. 12 May 2022.
9359:
9345:
9298:
9261:
9254:
9224:
9207:
9183:
9172:. 19 June 2015
9140:
9134:
9107:(3): 273–286.
9091:
9076:
9048:
9041:
9015:
8980:
8934:
8913:
8899:
8869:
8862:
8828:
8827:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8798:
8795:
8760:
8757:
8653:Bektashism is
8640:
8637:
8549:Main article:
8546:
8543:
8478:
8475:
8436:
8435:
8433:
8432:
8425:
8418:
8410:
8407:
8406:
8403:
8402:
8396:
8393:
8392:
8389:
8388:
8385:
8384:
8379:
8374:
8368:
8365:
8364:
8361:
8360:
8357:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8334:Tekke of Melan
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8311:
8305:
8302:Bektashi sites
8300:
8299:
8296:
8295:
8292:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8256:
8250:
8245:
8244:
8241:
8240:
8237:
8236:
8231:
8226:
8221:
8215:
8212:
8211:
8208:
8207:
8199:
8198:
8195:Bektashi Order
8188:Bektashi Order
8168:
8165:
8135:Mahatma Gandhi
8118:Hajji Bektashi
8038:Jafar as-Sadiq
8016:
8013:
8012:
8011:
8008:
8005:
8002:
7990:
7989:
7986:Western Thrace
7982:
7979:
7976:
7973:KONDA Research
7969:
7966:
7955:
7943:
7940:
7873:
7870:
7849:
7846:
7829:Deutsche Welle
7788:
7785:
7772:
7769:
7713:Bektashi Order
7665:Bektashi order
7652:
7645:
7644:
7643:
7634:Husayn ibn Ali
7628:
7621:
7620:
7619:
7601:
7600:
7599:
7598:
7595:
7594:
7592:
7591:
7584:
7577:
7569:
7566:
7565:
7552:
7551:
7548:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7496:
7493:
7492:
7489:
7488:
7485:
7484:
7479:
7477:Notable modern
7474:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7461:
7460:
7457:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7270:
7265:
7264:
7261:
7260:
7257:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7215:
7212:
7211:
7208:
7207:
7204:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7161:Sufi cosmology
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7034:
7028:
7025:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7013:
7003:
7002:
6978:
6975:
6972:
6971:
6968:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6957:
6945:
6943:
6931:
6929:
6917:
6915:
6902:
6901:
6899:
6897:
6895:
6893:
6891:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6883:
6881:
6879:
6877:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6869:
6867:
6865:
6863:
6861:
6859:
6857:
6855:
6853:
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6795:Hebtiahs Bohra
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4600:
4598:
4596:(Mubārakʾiyya)
4588:
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4370:
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4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4352:
4350:
4348:Musa al-Kadhim
4345:
4343:
4341:
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3832:
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3826:
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3822:
3815:
3813:
3808:
3806:
3796:Husayn ibn Ali
3792:
3790:
3783:
3780:
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3777:
3775:
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3687:
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3679:
3667:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3638:Ali al Murtaza
3634:
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3630:
3628:
3620:
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3617:
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3611:
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3309:
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3283:
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3279:
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3275:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3244:
3242:
3240:Abdul-Muttalib
3237:
3235:
3230:
3228:
3223:
3221:
3211:
3210:
3186:
3185:
3142:
3139:
3095:
3094:Ottoman period
3092:
3088:millenarianism
3068:
3065:
3039:Main article:
3036:
3033:
2997:
2994:
2954:), Hasandede (
2878:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2853:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2774:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:Folk practices
2747:
2720:Öz Verme Âyini
2668:Main article:
2665:
2662:
2576:
2573:
2569:Ali ibn Husayn
2520:Yâs-ı Muharrem
2502:Kurban Bayramı
2485:Main article:
2482:
2479:
2467:Main article:
2457:Ottoman Empire
2437:Huseyn bin Ali
2420:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2322:
2319:
2303:
2302:
2282:
2281:
2262:
2261:
2242:
2241:
2210:Main article:
2208:
2207:
2140:
2139:Cem and Cemevi
2137:
2131:
2128:
2103:Bektashi Order
2069:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2024:Main article:
2021:
2018:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1934:
1931:
1919:(Onikinci Ali)
1891:Main article:
1888:
1885:
1871:(Psalms), the
1860:
1857:
1799:
1796:
1705:
1702:
1683:Soner Çağaptay
1677:Iman (concept)
1668:
1665:
1652:dominated the
1519:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1434:Zoroastrianism
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1316:Jelali revolts
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1281:Khalwati order
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1197:Sivas Massacre
1194:
1192:Çorum Massacre
1189:
1187:Maraş Massacre
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1028:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
952:Kaygusuz Abdal
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
817:Ibn al-Rawandi
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
773:
770:
769:
766:
765:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
720:
717:
716:
713:
712:
709:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
647:
642:
641:
638:
637:
634:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
572:
567:
566:
563:
562:
559:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
335:
334:
327:
323:
322:
317:
313:
312:
299:
295:
294:
285:
281:
280:
263:
259:
258:
253:
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
234:
233:
228:
223:
217:
215:
211:
210:
205:
201:
200:
183:
177:
176:
168:
167:
155:
154:
146:
145:
60:
58:
51:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
16636:
16625:
16622:
16620:
16617:
16615:
16612:
16610:
16607:
16605:
16602:
16600:
16597:
16595:
16592:
16590:
16587:
16586:
16584:
16574:
16564:
16562:
16557:
16552:
16550:
16540:
16539:
16536:
16523:
16515:
16513:
16503:
16502:
16499:
16485:
16482:
16480:
16477:
16475:
16472:
16470:
16467:
16465:
16462:
16460:
16457:
16455:
16452:
16450:
16447:
16443:
16440:
16439:
16438:
16435:
16431:
16428:
16426:
16425:Post-Islamism
16423:
16421:
16418:
16417:
16416:
16413:
16411:
16408:
16404:
16401:
16399:
16396:
16395:
16394:
16391:
16390:
16388:
16384:
16378:
16375:
16373:
16370:
16368:
16365:
16363:
16360:
16359:
16357:
16355:
16351:
16345:
16342:
16340:
16337:
16335:
16332:
16330:
16327:
16323:
16322:Protestantism
16320:
16318:
16315:
16314:
16313:
16310:
16309:
16307:
16305:
16301:
16297:
16287:
16283:
16269:
16266:
16264:
16263:
16259:
16257:
16254:
16250:
16247:
16246:
16245:
16242:
16240:
16237:
16235:
16232:
16230:
16227:
16225:
16222:
16220:
16217:
16216:
16214:
16210:
16204:
16201:
16199:
16196:
16194:
16191:
16189:
16186:
16185:
16183:
16181:
16177:
16171:
16168:
16166:
16165:Ophthalmology
16163:
16161:
16158:
16156:
16153:
16151:
16148:
16146:
16143:
16141:
16138:
16136:
16133:
16132:
16130:
16128:
16124:
16118:
16115:
16113:
16110:
16108:
16105:
16103:
16100:
16098:
16095:
16093:
16090:
16088:
16085:
16083:
16080:
16079:
16077:
16075:
16071:
16067:
16063:
16055:
16051:
16037:
16034:
16030:
16029:
16025:
16024:
16023:
16020:
16018:
16015:
16013:
16010:
16006:
16003:
16002:
16001:
15998:
15996:
15995:
15991:
15989:
15986:
15984:
15983:
15979:
15977:
15974:
15972:
15971:
15967:
15965:
15962:
15960:
15957:
15955:
15952:
15950:
15947:
15945:
15942:
15940:
15937:
15935:
15932:
15930:
15929:
15925:
15923:
15922:
15918:
15914:
15913:Death penalty
15911:
15909:
15906:
15904:
15901:
15900:
15899:
15896:
15894:
15891:
15889:
15888:
15884:
15883:
15881:
15879:Other aspects
15877:
15871:
15870:
15866:
15864:
15863:
15859:
15857:
15856:
15852:
15850:
15849:
15845:
15843:
15842:
15838:
15836:
15835:
15831:
15829:
15828:
15824:
15823:
15821:
15816:
15813:
15811:
15808:
15806:
15803:
15802:
15799:
15793:
15792:
15788:
15786:
15783:
15781:
15780:
15776:
15774:
15773:
15769:
15767:
15766:
15762:
15760:
15759:
15755:
15754:
15752:
15750:
15746:
15740:
15739:
15735:
15733:
15732:
15728:
15726:
15725:
15721:
15719:
15718:
15714:
15712:
15709:
15707:
15704:
15703:
15701:
15699:
15695:
15691:
15684:
15683:Jurisprudence
15681:
15679:
15676:
15675:
15671:
15667:
15657:
15654:
15652:
15649:
15647:
15644:
15642:
15639:
15637:
15634:
15632:
15631:
15627:
15625:
15622:
15620:
15617:
15615:
15612:
15610:
15607:
15605:
15602:
15600:
15597:
15595:
15592:
15590:
15587:
15585:
15582:
15580:
15577:
15575:
15572:
15570:
15567:
15565:
15562:
15560:
15557:
15556:
15554:
15549:
15546:
15544:
15541:
15540:
15537:
15531:
15528:
15526:
15523:
15519:
15516:
15515:
15514:
15511:
15509:
15506:
15504:
15501:
15497:
15494:
15490:
15487:
15486:
15485:
15482:
15480:
15477:
15475:
15472:
15470:
15467:
15466:
15465:
15462:
15460:
15457:
15455:
15452:
15448:
15444:
15440:
15436:
15433:
15432:
15431:
15428:
15427:
15425:
15423:
15422:Denominations
15419:
15413:
15412:
15408:
15406:
15403:
15401:
15398:
15396:
15393:
15391:
15388:
15387:
15385:
15383:
15379:
15371:
15368:
15366:
15363:
15361:
15358:
15356:
15353:
15351:
15348:
15346:
15343:
15341:
15338:
15336:
15335:
15331:
15330:
15329:
15326:
15324:
15321:
15319:
15318:
15314:
15312:
15311:
15307:
15305:
15302:
15300:
15297:
15295:
15292:
15290:
15287:
15285:
15282:
15281:
15279:
15274:
15271:
15269:
15266:
15265:
15262:
15256:
15255:
15251:
15249:
15248:
15244:
15242:
15241:
15237:
15235:
15234:
15230:
15228:
15227:
15223:
15222:
15220:
15218:
15214:
15208:
15207:Holiest sites
15205:
15203:
15202:Judgement Day
15200:
15198:
15197:
15193:
15191:
15188:
15186:
15183:
15181:
15178:
15174:
15171:
15170:
15169:
15166:
15164:
15163:
15159:
15155:
15152:
15151:
15150:
15147:
15146:
15144:
15142:
15138:
15134:
15130:
15129:
15123:
15118:
15111:
15106:
15104:
15099:
15097:
15092:
15091:
15088:
15068:
15065:
15063:
15060:
15058:
15055:
15053:
15050:
15048:
15045:
15042:
15038:
15037:
15034:
15024:
15021:
15019:
15016:
15014:
15011:
15009:
15006:
15004:
15001:
14999:
14996:
14995:
14993:
14991:
14990:Other beliefs
14987:
14981:
14978:
14974:
14971:
14969:
14965:
14964:Hilmi Tunahan
14962:
14960:
14956:
14953:
14952:
14951:
14948:
14947:
14945:
14943:
14939:
14931:
14927:
14925:
14922:
14920:
14917:
14915:
14914:Muhammad Asad
14912:
14910:
14907:
14906:
14905:
14902:
14901:
14899:
14897:
14893:
14885:
14881:
14877:
14874:
14873:
14872:
14869:
14865:
14861:
14858:
14857:
14856:
14853:
14849:
14845:
14841:
14838:
14837:
14836:
14833:
14829:
14825:
14824:Sabbatai Zevi
14822:
14821:
14820:
14817:
14814:
14810:
14807:
14805:
14802:
14800:
14797:
14796:
14795:
14792:
14791:
14789:
14787:
14783:
14780:
14778:
14770:
14758:
14755:
14753:
14750:
14749:
14748:
14745:
14741:
14738:
14736:
14733:
14732:
14731:
14728:
14726:
14723:
14721:
14718:
14717:
14715:
14713:
14709:
14700:
14699:
14697:
14692:
14691:
14689:
14682:
14681:
14679:
14676:
14674:Ali al-Aswarī
14673:
14672:
14670:
14667:
14660:
14659:
14657:
14656:
14654:
14649:
14648:
14647:
14644:
14638:
14635:
14632:
14631:
14630:
14627:
14624:
14623:
14621:
14620:
14618:
14615:
14610:
14606:
14600:
14596:
14592:
14589:
14587:
14583:
14580:
14578:
14574:
14571:
14569:
14565:
14561:
14558:
14557:
14555:
14553:
14549:
14546:
14543:
14536:
14532:
14520:
14517:
14516:
14514:
14512:
14509:
14507:
14504:
14501:
14496:
14495:
14494:
14491:
14486:
14485:
14483:
14481:
14478:
14474:
14471:
14470:
14469:
14466:
14461:
14460:
14458:
14453:
14452:
14451:Muʿāmmarīyya
14450:
14445:
14444:
14443:
14440:
14436:
14433:
14432:
14431:
14428:
14427:
14425:
14423:
14419:
14411:
14408:
14406:
14403:
14400:
14396:
14392:
14391:
14390:
14387:
14384:
14379:
14378:
14376:
14375:
14373:
14371:
14367:
14364:
14362:
14358:
14347:
14344:
14341:
14338:
14335:
14332:
14329:
14326:
14323:
14320:
14317:
14314:
14312:
14309:
14307:
14304:
14303:
14301:
14297:
14288:
14287:
14285:
14280:
14279:
14277:
14272:
14271:
14269:
14264:
14263:
14261:
14256:
14255:
14253:
14248:
14247:
14245:
14240:
14239:
14237:
14232:
14231:
14229:
14224:
14223:
14221:
14220:
14218:
14214:
14205:
14202:
14199:
14196:
14193:
14190:
14187:
14184:
14181:
14178:
14175:
14172:
14169:
14166:
14163:
14160:
14159:
14157:
14156:
14154:
14152:
14148:
14145:
14142:
14136:
14129:
14125:
14115:
14112:
14108:
14105:
14104:
14103:
14100:
14098:
14094:
14091:
14089:
14086:
14084:
14081:
14080:
14078:
14076:
14072:
14064:
14060:
14057:
14055:
14052:
14051:
14050:
14047:
14043:
14040:
14039:
14038:
14035:
14030:
14029:
14027:
14023:
14020:
14019:
14018:
14015:
14010:
14007:
14004:
14003:
14001:
14000:
13998:
13996:
13992:
13989:
13986:
13981:
13977:
13967:
13966:Waqifite Shia
13964:
13959:
13958:
13957:
13954:
13950:
13946:
13943:
13942:
13941:
13938:
13934:
13930:
13927:
13926:
13925:
13922:
13920:
13917:
13916:
13914:
13912:
13907:
13899:
13896:
13892:
13891:Ishaq al-Turk
13889:
13885:
13882:
13878:
13875:
13873:
13870:
13869:
13868:
13865:
13864:
13863:
13860:
13856:
13853:
13852:
13851:
13848:
13847:
13845:
13844:
13843:
13840:
13833:
13832:
13830:
13825:
13820:
13818:
13815:
13814:
13812:
13809:
13808:
13806:
13805:
13804:
13800:
13797:
13793:
13790:
13789:
13788:
13785:
13784:
13782:
13780:
13774:
13766:
13762:
13759:
13757:
13753:
13749:
13746:
13744:
13740:
13737:
13736:
13735:
13732:
13728:
13725:
13721:
13718:
13714:
13711:
13707:
13704:
13702:
13699:
13697:
13694:
13693:
13692:
13689:
13688:
13687:
13684:
13683:
13682:
13679:
13675:
13671:
13667:
13663:
13660:
13658:
13654:
13650:
13649:Hamdan Qarmat
13647:
13646:
13645:
13642:
13638:
13635:
13634:
13633:
13630:
13629:
13627:
13625:
13621:
13617:
13609:
13605:
13602:
13600:
13596:
13593:
13592:
13591:
13588:
13584:
13580:
13576:
13572:
13569:
13567:
13563:
13559:
13556:
13555:
13554:
13551:
13547:
13546:Safavid Islam
13543:
13539:
13535:
13531:
13530:Sheikh Haydar
13528:
13527:
13526:
13523:
13519:
13516:
13512:
13509:
13507:
13504:
13503:
13502:
13499:
13498:
13497:
13494:
13493:
13491:
13489:
13485:
13481:
13478:
13476:
13472:
13468:
13464:
13460:
13456:
13444:
13441:
13439:
13436:
13435:
13434:
13431:
13427:
13424:
13422:
13419:
13415:
13412:
13411:
13410:
13407:
13405:
13402:
13400:
13397:
13395:
13392:
13391:
13390:
13387:
13386:
13384:
13382:
13378:
13375:
13373:
13369:
13355:
13351:
13348:
13346:
13342:
13338:
13335:
13333:
13329:
13325:
13322:
13321:
13320:
13317:
13316:
13315:
13312:
13306:
13302:
13299:
13298:
13297:
13294:
13292:
13289:
13288:
13287:
13284:
13283:
13281:
13278:
13273:
13269:
13261:
13258:
13256:
13253:
13249:
13246:
13242:
13239:
13237:
13234:
13232:
13229:
13228:
13227:
13224:
13220:
13217:
13215:
13212:
13210:
13207:
13205:
13202:
13201:
13200:
13197:
13193:
13189:
13186:
13185:
13184:
13181:
13180:
13179:
13176:
13174:
13171:
13170:
13169:
13166:
13162:
13159:
13157:
13154:
13152:
13149:
13148:
13147:
13144:
13140:
13137:
13136:
13134:
13133:
13131:
13128:
13123:
13122:Ahl al-Hadith
13119:
13116:
13114:
13110:
13106:
13102:
13097:
13093:
13079:
13076:
13074:
13071:
13070:
13067:
13057:
13056:
13052:
13048:
13046:
13045:
13041:
13037:
13035:
13034:
13030:
13026:
13024:
13023:
13019:
13018:
13016:
13012:
13006:
13005:
13001:
12999:
12996:
12994:
12993:
12989:
12987:
12986:
12982:
12980:
12979:
12975:
12973:
12972:
12968:
12967:
12965:
12963:
12959:
12953:
12952:
12948:
12946:
12945:
12941:
12939:
12938:
12934:
12932:
12931:
12927:
12925:
12924:
12920:
12918:
12917:
12913:
12911:
12910:
12906:
12904:
12903:
12899:
12897:
12896:
12892:
12890:
12889:
12885:
12883:
12882:
12878:
12876:
12875:
12871:
12869:
12868:
12864:
12863:
12861:
12859:
12855:
12852:
12848:
12838:
12835:
12833:
12830:
12828:
12825:
12823:
12820:
12818:
12815:
12814:
12812:
12810:
12809:Zaydi Shi'ism
12806:
12800:
12797:
12795:
12792:
12790:
12787:
12785:
12782:
12778:
12775:
12774:
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12640:Musa al-Kazim
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12628:
12626:
12625:Ali al-Sajjad
12623:
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12615:Hasan ibn Ali
12613:
12611:
12608:
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12586:Post-Salafism
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12450:Ibn Taymiyyah
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12431:Mustadrakīyya
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12389:Amr ibn Ubayd
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11018:Curzon Press.
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10503:Hamza Aksüt.
10499:
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10378:. Routledge.
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10285:islam.uga.edu
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8277:
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8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8259:Ali Riza Dede
8257:
8255:
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8251:
8248:
8243:
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8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8225:
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8101:
8097:
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8089:
8087:
8082:
8078:
8076:
8075:Erdoğan Çınar
8071:
8070:the Aleviness
8066:
8064:
8060:
8055:
8053:
8049:
8045:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8026:hat in Alevi-
8025:
8021:
8015:Social groups
8009:
8006:
8003:
8000:
7996:
7992:
7991:
7987:
7983:
7980:
7977:
7974:
7970:
7967:
7964:
7961:, an MP from
7960:
7956:
7953:
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7755:
7750:
7748:
7747:
7742:
7741:Dersim Region
7738:
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7722:
7718:
7714:
7710:
7708:
7703:
7702:
7698:
7694:
7688:
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7678:
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7670:
7666:
7655:
7654:Hasan ibn Ali
7649:
7639:
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7625:
7616:
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7501:
7498:
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7491:
7490:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7472:Notable early
7470:
7469:
7466:List of sufis
7463:
7462:
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7447:
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6983:
6982:
6963:
6954:
6950:
6940:
6936:
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6912:
6908:
6907:Jafari Bohras
6903:
6900:
6892:
6890:
6888:
6884:
6882:
6874:
6872:
6871:
6862:
6858:
6856:
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6807:
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6762:
6759:
6751:
6749:
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6729:
6727:
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6719:
6707:
6705:
6693:
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6688:
6685:
6682:
6677:
6670:
6667:
6658:
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6637:
6630:
6624:
6621:
6615:
6611:
6609:
6608:
6591:
6587:
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6545:
6539:
6528:
6522:
6507:
6504:
6499:
6490:
6485:
6474:
6469:
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6462:
6458:
6456:
6452:
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6449:
6442:
6438:
6436:
6432:
6430:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6382:
6381:
6372:
6357:
6356:Ḥ. bin Sabbah
6352:
6341:
6339:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6326:
6321:
6274:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6246:
6240:
6229:
6223:
6215:
6212:Muḥammad ibn
6204:
6199:
6195:
6192:
6184:
6182:
6174:
6172:
6171:
6134:
6122:
6120:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6101:
6082:
6076:
6071:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6060:
6053:
6052:Nasir Khusraw
6050:
6043:
6035:
6032:
6027:
5988:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5968:
5963:
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5911:
5907:
5904:
5898:
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5888:
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5868:
5866:
5860:
5856:
5854:
5850:
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5823:
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5806:
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5797:
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5774:
5770:
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5748:
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5735:
5733:
5681:
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5670:
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5640:
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5625:
5623:
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5593:
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5560:
5557:
5555:
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5521:
5517:
5514:
5506:
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5482:
5478:
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5472:
5470:
5447:
5445:
5434:
5429:
5420:
5415:
5406:
5401:
5388:
5384:
5382:
5326:
5322:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5299:
5295:
5289:
5274:
5273:Baktāsh’īyyah
5269:ʿAlī Al-Aʿlā
5264:
5260:
5257:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5209:
5199:
5197:
5184:
5182:
5171:
5166:
5155:
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5142:
5133:
5128:
5124:
5121:
5114:
5081:
5075:
5073:
5054:
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5025:
5016:
5009:
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4909:
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4779:
4774:
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4737:
4729:
4727:
4720:
4717:
4711:
4703:
4701:
4700:
4691:
4687:
4685:
4673:
4665:
4663:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4638:
4629:
4628:Ishaq al-Turk
4620:
4615:
4613:
4611:
4604:
4593:
4589:
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4400:
4396:
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4371:
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4349:
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4336:
4327:
4321:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4299:
4297:
4289:
4287:
4279:
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4276:
4257:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4217:
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4204:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4191:
4182:
4174:
4171:
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4149:
4143:
4141:
4108:
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4101:
4100:
4087:
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3710:
3706:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3663:
3662:al-Hanafiyyah
3660:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3618:
3610:
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3404:
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3312:
3308:
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3296:
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3260:
3258:
3256:
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3253:
3248:
3241:
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3208:
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3201:
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3188:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3160:
3159:Çorum in 1980
3156:
3155:Maraş in 1979
3152:
3148:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3078:
3074:
3067:Seljuk period
3062:
3061:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3041:Alevi history
3032:
3030:
3026:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2974:
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2966:
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2937:
2933:
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2925:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2886:
2882:
2875:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2850:
2836:
2835:takes place.
2834:
2833:Day of Ashure
2831:in which the
2830:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2782:
2778:
2771:
2760:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2723:
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2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
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2671:
2661:
2658:
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2649:
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2599:
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2560:
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2527:
2521:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2469:Day of Ashura
2462:
2461:Fausto Zonaro
2459:. Painted by
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2433:Day of Ashura
2430:
2425:
2413:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2331:On İki hizmet
2328:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2288:
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2259:
2258:
2257:
2255:
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2247:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2220:
2213:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2145:Jem (Alevism)
2136:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1927:Messianic Age
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1907:(Birinci Ali)
1904:
1900:
1899:On İki Hizmet
1894:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1867:(Torah), the
1866:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1794:
1792:
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1643:
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1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1535:
1529:
1525:
1514:
1509:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1495:
1494:
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1488:
1478:
1477:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
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1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
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1410:
1407:
1405:
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1400:
1397:
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1387:
1385:
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1360:
1357:
1355:
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1344:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1311:Chepni people
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1261:Mevlevi Order
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
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1168:
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1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:Kaykhusraw II
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1067:Ishaq al-Turk
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1025:Alevi history
1021:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
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988:
985:
983:
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978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
932:Shaykh Haydar
930:
928:
927:Shaykh Junayd
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
837:Yusuf Hamdani
835:
833:
830:
828:
827:Nasir Khusraw
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
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783:
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767:
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750:
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745:
742:
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735:
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727:
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721:
715:
714:
707:
704:
702:
699:
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687:
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682:
679:
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672:
669:
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664:
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657:
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640:
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632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
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587:
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582:
579:
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564:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
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507:
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502:
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391:
388:
387:
381:
377:
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366:
362:
359:
355:
348:
341:
340:
333:
329:13th-century
328:
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279:
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163:
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142:
139:
131:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89: –
88:
84:
83:Find sources:
77:
73:
67:
66:
61:This article
59:
55:
50:
49:
44:
37:
33:
19:
16437:Islamophobia
16312:Christianity
16260:
16193:Contemporary
16087:Architecture
16026:
15992:
15980:
15968:
15926:
15919:
15885:
15867:
15862:Nikah mut'ah
15860:
15853:
15846:
15839:
15832:
15825:
15789:
15777:
15770:
15763:
15756:
15736:
15729:
15722:
15715:
15628:
15488:
15483:
15409:
15333:
15315:
15308:
15252:
15245:
15238:
15231:
15224:
15217:Five Pillars
15194:
15160:
15149:God in Islam
15126:
14973:Other orders
14878: /
14871:Nur movement
14842: /
14799:Mirza Ghulam
14730:Tolu-e-Islam
14599:Galibi Order
14597: /
14582:Balım Sultan
14577:Babai revolt
14568:Qalandariyya
14566: /
14551:
14468:Mufaḍḍaliyya
14377:Jawārībīyya
14330:Umar ibn Zar
14299:Other Murjīs
14028:Bayhasīyyah
13945:Nuqta-yi Ula
13761:Pir Sadardin
13754: /
13668: /
13664: /
13581: /
13573: /
13560: /
13540: /
13536: /
13532: /
13389:Zayd ibn Ali
13339: /
13326: /
13277:Ilm al-Kalam
13190: /
13183:Ahl-i Hadith
13051:Umm al-kitab
13049:
13038:
13027:
13020:
13002:
12997:
12990:
12983:
12976:
12969:
12949:
12942:
12937:Fihi Ma Fihi
12935:
12928:
12921:
12914:
12907:
12900:
12893:
12886:
12879:
12872:
12865:
12605:Twelve Imams
12524:Ahl-i Hadith
12455:Ibnul Qayyim
12335:(Nazzāmīyya)
11816:Ibn al-Jawzi
11756:Al-Taftazani
11731:Al-Baqillani
11490:(in Turkish)
11482:(in English)
11464:(in English)
11322:
11315:
11297:
11287:
11280:
11263:
11256:
11249:
11242:
11228:
11221:
11207:
11193:
11186:
11175:
11150:
11135:
11128:
11121:
11112:
11097:
11090:
11080:
11069:74, 530–548.
11066:
11038:
11031:
11023:
11015:
11009:
10991:
10981:
10967:
10953:
10939:
10923:
10896:Bibliography
10878:
10864:
10855:
10810:
10804:
10795:
10785:
10771:
10763:Stadt Kassel
10762:
10753:
10733:
10726:
10708:
10696:. Retrieved
10681:
10658:
10652:
10629:
10623:
10611:. Retrieved
10600:
10592:
10588:
10580:
10575:
10563:. Retrieved
10558:
10549:
10537:. Retrieved
10532:
10523:
10511:. Retrieved
10509:(in Turkish)
10505:
10498:
10486:. Retrieved
10471:
10464:
10435:
10429:
10417:. Retrieved
10413:
10389:. Retrieved
10374:
10367:
10355:. Retrieved
10351:the original
10346:
10336:
10324:. Retrieved
10314:
10305:
10293:. Retrieved
10289:the original
10284:
10274:
10262:. Retrieved
10255:
10245:
10233:. Retrieved
10221:
10211:
10198:
10189:
10177:. Retrieved
10170:the original
10156:
10144:. Retrieved
10140:
10130:
10121:
10109:. Retrieved
10105:
10077:. Retrieved
10073:the original
10068:
10044:. Retrieved
10038:
10031:
10000:
9988:. Retrieved
9973:
9966:
9958:
9954:
9946:
9940:
9935:
9926:
9917:
9907:
9895:. Retrieved
9875:
9871:
9864:
9855:
9847:the original
9843:Ekathimerini
9842:
9832:
9824:
9818:
9807:
9798:
9785:
9773:. Retrieved
9758:
9751:
9731:
9724:
9707:
9691:
9686:
9665:
9655:
9646:
9618:
9610:
9594:
9589:
9573:
9572:Hande Sözer
9546:
9510:
9506:
9500:
9488:. Retrieved
9483:
9454:. Retrieved
9450:the original
9445:
9420:. Retrieved
9416:
9406:
9394:. Retrieved
9390:
9362:
9348:
9315:
9311:
9301:
9274:
9264:
9237:
9227:
9217:
9210:
9204:, p. 10
9193:
9186:
9174:. Retrieved
9165:
9137:
9104:
9100:
9094:
9057:
9051:
9024:
9018:
9006:. Retrieved
9001:
8997:
8993:
8983:
8971:. Retrieved
8951:
8947:
8937:
8925:. Retrieved
8916:
8904:. Retrieved
8882:
8879:"The Alevis"
8872:
8845:
8772:
8751:
8741:
8737:
8735:
8731:
8727:
8721:
8715:
8711:
8705:
8701:
8695:
8691:
8687:
8685:
8678:
8674:
8670:
8666:
8662:
8652:
8610:
8605:
8601:
8597:
8583:
8581:
8554:
8528:
8520:
8494:
8483:Qalandariyya
8463:
8459:
8444:
8309:Kryegjyshata
8279:Ahmet Myftar
8269:Xhafer Sadik
8229:Balım Sultan
8106:
8104:
8095:
8084:
8073:
8069:
8067:
8056:
8041:
8035:
8032:
8024:Calligraphic
7945:
7936:
7928:
7908:the Caucasus
7900:
7872:Demographics
7863:
7851:
7838:
7834:
7827:
7817:
7790:
7774:
7762:
7758:
7753:
7751:
7744:
7732:
7730:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7705:
7691:
7689:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7668:
7662:
7638:Hagia Sophia
7632:(right) and
7615:Hagia Sophia
7409:Ni'matullāhī
7374:Sülaymaniyya
7359:Maizbhandari
6977:Organization
6811:Atba-i-Malak
6351:Hashshashins
6081:Sultan Sahak
5962:Other Alevis
5946:Mírzá Ḥusayn
5764:Nuqta-yi Ula
5669:Balım Sultan
5005:
4871:
4764:
4726:(Wafī Aḥmad)
4725:
4484:Muslim’īyyah
4339:(Sumaytiyya)
3817:
3794:
3785:
3636:
3625:Fatima Zahra
3623:
3489:
3207:Muslim sects
3163:
3144:
3127:
3115:
3104:Babai revolt
3080:
3077:Kara Koyunlu
3059:
3013:
2991:
2975:
2964:Cem ceremony
2963:
2960:
2913:
2910:Pir (Sufism)
2879:Entrance of
2818:
2816:
2812:
2803:
2743:cengildeşlik
2742:
2739:cıngıldaşlık
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2639:
2618:
2595:
2562:
2490:
2472:
2414:, milk etc..
2410:
2324:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2294:
2291:
2287:Cem ceremony
2286:
2283:
2273:
2269:
2266:(görgü cemi)
2265:
2263:
2249:
2245:
2243:
2233:
2223:
2219:Cem ceremony
2218:
2215:
2185:
2179:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2133:
2117:Pir (Sufism)
2099:fruit brandy
2093:
2076:
2072:
2070:
2048:
2046:
2039:
2031:
2029:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1951:
1938:
1936:
1918:
1915:(İkinci Ali)
1914:
1906:
1898:
1896:
1893:Twelve Imams
1887:Twelve Imams
1880:
1862:
1852:
1846:
1838:
1829:
1819:
1815:
1807:
1801:
1780:
1752:
1742:composed of
1721:
1714:Muhammad-Ali
1691:
1680:
1658:
1650:
1607:Twelve Imams
1533:
1532:
1384:Baháʼí Faith
1336:Galibi Order
1321:Ni'matullāhī
1296:Babai Revolt
1241:Akbari Sufis
1231:Qalandariyya
1092:Babai revolt
1012:Torlak Kemal
962:Balım Sultan
887:Zahed Gilani
421:Muhammad-Ali
383:
382:
350:
298:Headquarters
214:Teachings of
159:
134:
125:
115:
108:
101:
94:
82:
70:Please help
65:verification
62:
16212:Other areas
16203:Theological
16198:Eschatology
16155:Mathematics
16092:Calligraphy
16022:Theological
15976:Inheritance
15893:Cleanliness
15323:Shi'a Imams
15317:Ahl al-Bayt
14924:Rashid Rida
14772:Independent
14757:Edip Yüksel
14720:Ahle Qur'an
14671:Nazzāmīyya
14668:Ikhshīdiyya
14655:Huzaylīyya
14646:Bahshamiyya
14622:Mā’marīyya
14614:Rationalism
14564:Malamatiyya
14484:Mānsūrīyya
14430:Khaṭṭābiyya
14361:Mu'shabbiha
14321:Sābit Kutna
14254:Sawbānīyya
14238:Gassānīyya
14222:Gaylānīyya
14216:Other sects
14011:Sa'labīyyah
14008:Maymunīyyah
13985:Arbitration
13867:Khurramites
13831:Sam‘ānīyya
13604:Bābā Rexheb
13534:Shah Ismail
13354:Millî Görüş
13272:Ahl ar-Ra'y
13214:Al-Uthaymin
13135:Kullabiyya
13113:Sunni Islam
13014:Independent
12858:Sunni books
12682:Shaykh Tusi
12655:Ali al-Hadi
12645:Ali al-Rida
12582:Yasir Qadhi
12487:Al-Uthaymin
12477:Rashid Rida
12472:Al-Shawkani
12368:(Jāhizīyya)
12353:(Jubbāīyya)
12257:Jawālikīyya
12111:Ali al-Qari
12026:Al-Sarakhsi
12012:Al-Maturidi
11886:Al-Sha'rani
11866:Ibn Khaldun
11741:Al-Qushayri
11703:Theologians
11684:Metaphysics
11590:Eschatology
11557:Theologians
10698:19 November
10613:22 November
10609:. Tovima.gr
10419:30 November
9878:(1): 1–30.
9576:BRILL 2014
9417:Daily Sabah
8808:Duzgin Bawo
8779:shamanistic
8750:Hacıbektaş
8712:halife-baba
8571:holiday of
8523:Ana al-Haqq
8284:Baba Reshat
8086:Khurramites
7995:Äynu people
7952:Daily Sabah
7540:Persecution
7267:Sufi orders
7176:Sufi poetry
6783:Alavi Bohra
6544:Baba Rexheb
6371:Işık Alevis
6245:‘Ali-Ilahis
6239:Ostad Elahi
6198:Al-Musta'li
5932:Mírzá Yaḥyá
5428:Sarı Saltuk
5127:Ubayd Allāh
4908:Khurrāmīyah
4899:Ali al Hadi
4619:Ali al-Rida
3645:Family tree
3498:Family tree
3202:from other
3056:Sufi order
3054:Bektashiyya
2976:(16 August)
2932:Karacaahmet
2914:Performing
2900:Karacaahmet
2807:Eyüp Sultan
2655:Hızır Orucu
2600:version of
2535:Rojîya Şînê
2526:Mâtem Orucu
2497:Eid ul-Adha
2216:During the
2051:(shunned):
2014:Khurramites
1966:Khurramites
1804:good angels
1757:, such as:
1654:Janissaries
1634:Sufi orders
1615:Sunni Islam
1469:Panentheism
1454:Manichaeism
1374:Khurramites
1226:Malamatiyya
892:Sari Saltik
270:Azerbaijani
231:Sarı Saltık
16583:Categories
16367:Ex-Muslims
16262:Shu'ubiyya
16256:Psychology
16244:Literature
16234:Inventions
16180:Philosophy
15988:Leadership
15964:Honorifics
15619:Philosophy
15474:Isma'ilism
15439:Maturidism
15328:Caliphates
15299:Golden Age
15190:Revelation
14968:Süleymancı
14876:Said Nursî
14835:Mahdavīyya
14786:Messianism
14690:Sumamīyya
14680:Hābītīyya
14573:Baba Ishak
14515:Saba'īyya
14502:Mukhāmmīsa
14493:Mughīrīyya
14480:Ghurābīyya
14442:Bāzīghiyya
14410:Bārāq Bābā
14389:Hulmānīyya
14286:Ziyādīyya
14278:Ubaydīyya
14270:Shamrīyya
14262:Sālehīyya
14246:Tūmanīyya
14230:Yūnusīyya
14191:Sauwāqīyya
14167:Hakāiqīyya
14151:Karrāmīyya
14141:Hanafiyyah
13995:Kharijites
13933:Nuktawiyya
13884:al-Muqanna
13862:Muḥammirah
13850:Abu Muslim
13846:Rezāmīyya
13821:Hārithīyya
13813:Janāhiyya
13803:Hashimiyya
13777:Kaysanites
13724:Badakhshan
13657:Qarmatians
13644:Batiniyyah
13624:Isma'ilism
13595:Demir Bābā
13590:Baktāshism
13583:Bektashism
13562:ibn Nusayr
13558:al-Khaṣībī
13542:Kul Nesîmî
13538:Pir Sultan
13443:Khalafiyya
13438:Dukayniyya
13372:Shia Islam
13314:Maturidism
13236:Madkhalism
13139:Ibn Kullab
12962:Shia books
12512:Madkhalism
12412:Najjārīyya
12302:al-Qībtī (
12276:Karramiyya
12272:Ibn Karram
12228:Mu'jassimā
12116:Al-Maydani
12106:Ali Qushji
12031:Al-Bazdawi
12007:Maturidism
11992:Al-Shafi'i
11861:Al-Baydawi
11821:Qadi Ayyad
11796:Ibn Tumart
11751:Al-Ghazali
11736:Al-Juwayni
11726:Al-Bayhaqi
11717:al-Ash'ari
11689:Philosophy
11610:Philosophy
9942:müsahiplik
9820:müsahiplik
9638:1055857045
9396:13 October
8824:References
8787:Hıdırellez
8645:Bektashism
8629:Al-Ghazali
8460:the center
8344:Zall Tekke
8289:Baba Mondi
8274:Abaz Hilmi
8264:Kamber Ali
8254:Sali Njazi
8171:See also:
8141:than many
8096:God is Man
8094:phrase of
8028:Bektashism
7876:See also:
7866:intolerant
7842:ibn Nusayr
7765:monogamous
7535:Sufi music
7304:Suhrawardi
7294:Naqshbandi
6925:Asghar Ali
6770:Sulaymanis
6669:Ismāʿīlīsm
6652:Agha Khans
6629:al-Sulayhi
6527:Demir Baba
6498:Ḥasan ʿAlā
6059:Badakhshan
5967:Bektashism
5923:Al-Muqtana
5550:Otman Baba
5405:Nuktawiyya
5305:Al-Khaṣībī
5294:Imām Zāmān
5170:‘Ulyāʾiyya
5165:Ibn Nusayr
4773:Muhammerah
4746:Al-Tustari
4723:ʿAbadullāh
4449:Ismā'īlīsm
4082:Hashimiyya
4077:Abu Hashim
3938:Al-Mukhtar
3932:Kaysanites
3811:Shahr Banu
3672:ʿAbd Allāh
3521:ʿAbd Allāh
3365:ʿAbd Allāh
3073:Ak Koyunlu
2996:Almsgiving
2984:Pir Sultan
2973:Hacıbektaş
2896:Hacıbektaş
2779:(top) and
2716:müsahiplik
2712:müsahiplik
2700:(tarikat).
2692:müsahiplik
2675:Müsahiplik
2670:Müsahiplik
2664:Müsahiplik
2620:Hıdırellez
2611:Hıdırellez
2587:depicting
2575:Hıdırellez
2270:müsahiplik
2260:Görgü Cemi
2228:plays the
2036:four gates
2026:Four Doors
2010:Kaysanites
1993:later on.
1970:Qarmatians
1962:Kaysanites
1960:See also:
1923:Imam Mehdi
1911:Imam Hasan
1812:bad angels
1661:Bektashism
1648:majority.
1424:Nabataeans
1419:Gnosticism
1354:Isma'ilism
1256:Naqshbandi
1182:Seyid Riza
1107:Bayezid II
1097:Baba Ishak
1062:Al-Muqanna
1052:Abu Muslim
997:Kul Nesîmî
957:Otman Baba
897:Yunus Emre
718:Leadership
631:Müsahiplik
596:Hıdırellez
556:Psychology
551:Philosophy
516:Four Doors
369:Kaysanites
98:newspapers
16484:Symbolism
16442:Incidents
16420:Criticism
16317:Mormonism
16219:Astrology
16145:Cosmology
16140:Astronomy
16082:Arabesque
15949:Etiquette
15908:Blasphemy
15698:Economics
15513:Ahmadiyya
15447:Mu'tazili
15435:Ash'arism
14896:Modernism
14828:Sabbatean
14816:Kabbalist
14794:Ahmadiyya
14725:Kala Kato
14698:Kā‘bīyya
14629:Bishriyya
14609:Muʿtazila
14542:al-Juhani
14535:Qadariyah
14405:Kalandars
14385:Hāshwīyya
14273:Abū Shamr
14206:Zarībīyya
14203:Wāhidīyya
14194:Sūramīyya
14188:Razīnīyya
14164:Dhīmmīyya
14133:Hasan ibn
14107:Wahbiyyah
14054:Abu Qurra
13980:Muhakkima
13924:Hurufiyya
13911:Mahdiists
13826:Riyāhīyya
13807:Hārbīyya
13748:Aga Khans
13743:Assassins
13706:Sulaymani
13670:ad-Darazi
13608:Hārābātīs
13525:Qizilbash
13518:Shaykhism
13394:Jarudiyya
13305:Al-Ahbash
13286:Ash'arism
13219:Al-Albani
13199:Wahhabism
13044:Ahmadiyya
12985:Al-Khisal
12895:Al-Irshad
12850:Key books
12497:Al-Albani
12465:Wahhabism
12319:Mu'tazila
12308:Qadariyah
12186:Mu'attila
12101:Ibn Kemal
12096:Khidr Bey
11976:Hanafiyah
11911:Al-Bahūtī
11906:Ibn Ashir
11871:Ibn Arafa
11766:Ibn Furak
11761:Al-Maziri
11712:Ash'arism
11679:Cosmology
11656:Cosmology
11651:Astronomy
11623:Education
11503:(YouTube)
11497:(YouTube)
11067:Anthropos
10932:1873-9830
10663:Routledge
10456:235541104
10230:0362-4331
10179:8 October
10146:1 January
9990:11 August
9555:1873-9830
9332:0043-2539
9293:1773-0546
9129:161466774
9086:237904256
9008:9 January
9004:: 313–350
8968:204476564
8655:initiatic
8639:Mysticism
8625:Ibn Arabi
8561:Ibn Arabi
8513:al-Hallaj
8501:emanation
8497:Ibn Arabi
8394:Countries
8162:Chinarism
8154:Nusayrism
8122:Christian
8114:mysticism
7988:, Greece.
7855:1980 coup
7805:syncretic
7801:heterodox
7439:Issawiyya
7414:Qalandari
7379:Salihiyya
7274:Ba 'Alawi
7234:Muraqabah
7213:Practices
6636:Zoeb Musa
6538:Harabatis
6468:At-Tayyib
6214:Abū Tamīm
6203:Musta'lis
5520:al-Muʿizz
5433:Baktāshīs
5414:Imamiyyah
5400:Pasīkhānī
5387:al-Manṣūr
5015:Abū-Tāhir
4915:, Maziar)
4881:Abū Sa'id
4592:Al-Maktūm
4357:"al-Imām"
4326:Aftahiyya
4061:Zaydiyyah
3670:ʿAli bin
3507:Abi Talib
2956:Kırıkkale
2948:Eskişehir
2934:(both in
2731:peşinelik
2696:(şeriat),
2690:identify
2598:miniature
2419:Festivals
2411:(sharbat)
2020:Practices
1933:Plurality
1816:şeytanlar
1724:cosmology
1722:In Alevi
1642:heterodox
1592:syncretic
1459:Shamanism
1449:Mandaeism
1444:Zurvanism
1429:Zoroaster
1394:Yarsanism
1286:Bayramiye
1276:Qizilbash
1271:Safaviyya
1266:Zahediyeh
1236:Qadiriyya
1167:Mahmud II
867:Ahi Evren
857:Ibn Arabi
701:al-Askari
666:al-Abidin
569:Practices
546:Cosmology
365:Hurufiyya
361:Batiniyya
181:Scripture
128:July 2024
87:"Alevism"
16561:Religion
16522:Category
16415:Islamism
16398:Muhammad
16354:Apostasy
16329:Hinduism
16229:Feminism
16160:Medicine
16000:Military
15954:Gambling
15903:Apostasy
15898:Criminal
15810:Marriage
15779:Tayammum
15731:Murabaha
15604:Madrasas
15594:Holidays
15584:Clothing
15579:Children
15574:Calendar
15525:Quranism
15479:Alawites
15443:Atharism
15334:Rashidun
15173:In Islam
15168:Muhammad
15013:Tawakkul
14980:Tawassul
14942:Taṣawwuf
14864:doctrine
14712:Quranism
14506:Namiriya
14135:Muḥāmmad
14128:Murji'ah
13842:Rawendis
13765:Satpanth
13686:Musta'li
13681:Fatimids
13579:Hurufism
13566:Alawites
13471:Sects in
13463:Mahdiist
13399:Batriyya
13345:Deobandi
13296:Shafi'is
13231:Jihadism
13178:Salafism
13146:Hanbalis
13127:Atharism
13040:Malfūzāt
12978:Al-Amali
12575:Hazimism
12287:Murji'ah
12211:Jahmīyya
12199:Mu'jbira
11791:Ibn Aqil
11394:241–260.
11387:223–241.
11329:103–130.
11002:Archived
10922:(eds.).
10911:"Alevīs"
10513:1 August
10357:9 August
10326:9 August
9584:page 114
9545:(eds.).
9534:"Alevīs"
9422:12 March
9340:27798275
9176:14 April
9162:"Alevis"
9121:23077031
8973:14 April
8927:14 April
8906:14 April
8797:See also
8791:Tengrism
8765:Tengrism
8742:dedebaba
8738:dedebaba
8723:dedebaba
8649:Hurufism
8598:muhabbet
8468:region.
8234:Gül Baba
8184:a series
8182:Part of
8173:Ishikism
8158:Hurufism
7932:Yarsanis
7793:Alawites
7721:Ocakzade
7685:ocakzade
7399:Shattari
7364:Malamati
7314:Khalwati
7299:Shadhili
7279:Bektashi
7249:Whirling
7219:Anasheed
7146:Qalandar
7014:Tomb of
6988:a series
6986:Part of
6765:Sulayman
6641:Dawoodis
6484:Al-Ḥāfīz
6473:Tayyibis
6222:Al-Nizār
6075:Yarsanis
5910:al-Ẓāhir
5796:Gül Baba
5747:Safavids
5738:al-Ḥākim
5653:Shaykhis
5646:Akhbaris
5639:al-ʿAzīz
5534:Ja'faris
5419:Twelvers
5310:Nusairis
5288:Muhammad
5263:al-Qāʾim
5141:Qarmatis
5132:Fatimids
5044:Kızılbaş
5024:Muhammad
4752:Taṣawwuf
4603:Seveners
4335:Al-Dibaj
4320:Al-Aftah
4039:Muhammad
4035:Al-Qasim
3491:Muhammad
3123:Khorasan
2936:Istanbul
2887:, Turkey
2885:Istanbul
2829:Muharram
2735:(hâkikat
2727:âşinalık
2704:(marifat
2593:al-Khiḍr
2493:Muharram
2429:Muharrem
2427:10th of
2409:sherbet
2200:Kurmanji
2064:stealing
1974:Hurufism
1834:evil eye
1808:melekler
1770:Zulfiqar
1632:as with
1611:Tengrism
1599:mystical
1580:Alevilik
1464:Tengrism
1414:Ishikism
1364:Alawites
1301:Hurufism
1214:Related
967:Gül Baba
942:Ismail I
706:al-Mahdi
681:al-Kazim
676:al-Sadiq
671:al-Baqir
358:Ismāʿīli
306:Nevşehir
262:Language
241:Theology
221:Tengrism
162:Alevilik
32:Alawites
16589:Alevism
16535:Portals
16469:Nursing
16430:Qutbism
16344:Sikhism
16339:Judaism
16334:Jainism
16170:Physics
16117:Pottery
16102:Gardens
16097:Carpets
16012:Slavery
15934:Divorce
15921:Dhabiĥa
15749:Hygiene
15724:Takaful
15706:Banking
15636:Science
15630:Qurbani
15599:Mosques
15559:Animals
15548:Culture
15496:Zaydism
15484:Alevism
15370:Ottoman
15360:Almohad
15355:Fatimid
15350:Córdoba
15345:Abbasid
15340:Umayyad
15273:Leaders
15268:History
15226:Shahada
15141:Beliefs
15062:Shafi'i
15052:Hanbali
15018:Tewafuq
14998:Sadaqah
14959:Barelvi
14950:Ṭarīqah
14804:Qadiani
14777:beliefs
14552:Alevism
14399:Dimashq
14185:Nūnīyya
14179:Maʿīyya
14139:ibn al-
14114:Azzabas
14075:Ibadism
14063:Nukkari
14017:Azariqa
14002:Ajardi
13949:Bábīyya
13855:Sunpadh
13787:Mukhtār
13752:Nizaris
13727:Alevism
13701:Dawoodi
13691:Tayyibi
13653:Sevener
13632:Fathite
13506:Akhbari
13501:Ja'fari
13488:Twelver
13467:Shi'ite
13404:Imamate
13381:Zaydism
13332:Barelvi
13319:Hanafis
13291:Malikis
13260:Maqrizi
13209:Ibn Baz
13168:Zahiris
12930:Masnavi
12482:Ibn Baz
12296:Dimashq
11996:Shafi‘i
11926:'Illish
11661:Physics
11643:Science
11311:Krakau.
11266:Berlin.
11182:Zürich.
10999:Alevism
10565:25 June
10539:9 March
10488:31 July
10295:31 July
10264:28 July
10235:28 July
10111:27 June
10079:27 June
10046:27 July
9961:, 2005.
9814:Tahtacı
9775:27 July
9702:page 72
9605:page 25
9490:27 July
9456:28 July
9387:"TR100"
8680:dervish
8659:Reality
8594:trinity
8569:Persian
8565:Ashurah
8535:Jerrahi
8531:Halveti
8517:Baghdad
8505:al-Haqq
8462:of the
8150:Ja'fari
8143:Muslims
8100:Trinity
8059:Twelver
8048:Caliphs
7975:(2021).
7904:Balkans
7896:Hamburg
7693:murshid
7673:silsila
7545:Ziyarat
7530:History
7520:Ma'rifa
7482:Singers
7444:Jerrahi
7434:Inayati
7394:Mevlevi
7389:Kubrawi
7384:Azeemia
7369:Mouridi
7354:Jelveti
7349:Bayrami
7339:Darqawi
7319:Rahmani
7289:Chishti
7254:Ziyarat
7239:Qawwali
7191:Tazkiah
7156:Silsila
7131:Murshid
7116:Ma'rifa
7096:Karamat
7051:Dervish
6676:Chepnis
6506:Nizārīs
6489:Hafizis
6338:Al-Āmir
6228:Nizārīs
6066:Pamiris
5951:Baháʼís
5805:Bektaşi
5154:Ḥurūfīs
4778:Muqanna
4765:(Jawad)
4354:Ibrāhim
4207:Alavids
3233:Fatimah
3200:Alevism
3183:Ṭarīqah
3166:pogroms
3130:Turkmen
3108:Şahkulu
3035:History
3025:dargahs
2940:Antalya
2928:Şahkulu
2916:ziyarat
2904:Şahkulu
2796:Ziyarat
2687:Tahtacı
2628:Turkish
2559:Karbala
2531:Kurdish
2511:Turkish
2449:Jafaris
2441:Kerbela
2368:bağlama
2338:Fatima.
2327:Turkish
2254:Bağlama
2230:Bağlama
2212:Bağlama
2206:Bağlama
2192:Turkish
2158:Bağlama
2125:Murshid
2006:Alevism
1941:sings:
1853:Cebrail
1849:Gabriel
1824:), and
1785:ır, el-
1774:Ottoman
1740:trinity
1728:Al-Haqq
1667:Beliefs
1595:Islamic
1590:) is a
1588:Elewîtî
1584:Kurdish
1576:Turkish
1534:Alevism
1409:Sabians
1389:Yazdanī
1306:Nuqtavi
1291:Jelveti
1219:Ṭarīqah
1147:Selim I
1137:Şahkulu
1057:Sunpadh
782:Fatimah
729:Murshid
696:al-Naqi
691:al-Taqi
686:ar-Rida
626:Fasting
586:Taqiyya
581:Zeyārat
501:Keramat
456:Marifat
446:Tariqat
441:Buyruks
395:Beliefs
385:Alevism
376:Shī‘ism
373:Twelver
316:Founder
284:Liturgy
274:Kurdish
266:Turkish
198:Buyruks
194:Makalat
153:Alevism
112:scholar
16594:Alevis
16549:Turkey
16291:
16249:poetry
16059:
15944:Ethics
15928:Dhimmi
15887:Baligh
15848:Mahram
15805:Family
15785:Toilet
15765:Miswak
15518:Lahori
15459:Salafi
15405:Seerah
15400:Tafsir
15395:Hadith
15365:Sokoto
15310:Sahaba
15185:Angels
15162:Tawhid
15119:topics
15067:Zahiri
15057:Maliki
15047:Hanafi
15023:Thawab
15003:Sunnah
14928:Other
14884:Hizmet
14848:Zikris
14819:Dönmes
14809:Lahori
14775:Muslim
14595:Rifa`i
14540:Ma'bad
14422:Tajsīm
14370:Tamsīl
14097:Ifrani
14037:Najdat
13940:Shayki
13909:Other
13877:Mazyar
13756:Khojas
13734:Nizari
13713:Hafizi
13674:Druzes
13655:
13599:Alians
13553:Ghulat
13033:Alawis
12300:Nabati
12265:Abdals
12247:Juzjan
11986:Maliki
11671:Sufism
11595:Ethics
11582:Aqidah
11574:Fields
11553:Fields
11479:Alevis
11235:
11178:gnosis
11142:
11045:
10974:
10960:
10946:
10930:
10825:
10741:
10669:
10640:
10479:
10454:
10391:5 June
10382:
10228:
10141:Forbes
9981:
9897:5 June
9890:
9766:
9739:
9715:
9698:
9636:
9626:
9601:
9580:
9553:
9507:上智アジア学
9338:
9330:
9291:
9252:
9127:
9119:
9084:
9074:
9039:
8966:
8897:
8860:
8803:Ashura
8775:Turkic
8702:irshad
8690:. The
8621:Sunnah
8617:Qur'an
8573:Nowruz
8539:Rifaʽi
8489:, and
8470:Marifa
8465:haqiqa
8456:marifa
8452:haqiqa
8377:Nevruz
8372:Ashura
8366:Events
8224:Nesimi
8160:, and
8125:mystic
8092:Hurufi
7916:Greece
7912:Cyprus
7859:cemevi
7813:caliph
7781:Usulis
7701:rehber
7669:tariqa
7611:Husayn
7515:Haqiqa
7510:Tariqa
7505:Sharia
7500:Tawhid
7454:Zahedi
7449:Madari
7424:Galibi
7419:Akbari
7404:Uwaisi
7344:Senusi
7334:Tijani
7329:Desuqi
7324:Badawi
7309:Rifa`i
7284:Qadiri
7201:Yaqeen
7111:Manzil
7106:Lataif
7076:Haqiqa
6999:Sufism
6521:Alians
6503:Alamūt
6061:&
5937:Azalis
5917:Durzis
5801:Hurufi
5752:Safavī
5660:Usulis
5541:Alevis
5527:Nasīmī
5002:Ḥusayn
4869:Aḥmad
4489:Sīnbād
4194:Fivers
4070:First
4029:Farwah
3802:Family
3676:‘Abbas
3390:‘Abbas
3378:Hashim
3247:Natīla
3226:Barrah
3204:Shī‘ah
3157:, and
3110:, and
3008:, and
3002:dargah
2902:, and
2825:Ashure
2798:, and
2781:ashure
2708:gnosis
2636:Elijah
2589:Elijah
2555:Husayn
2545:Ashura
2453:Alevis
2431:– The
2343:Husayn
2315:sohbet
2301:Sohbet
2234:Nefes,
2196:Zazaki
2166:Cemevi
2149:Cemevi
2123:, and
2105:, and
2087:mürşid
2049:düşkün
1991:Beylik
1972:, and
1881:Buyruk
1865:Tawrat
1842:Azazil
1830:cinler
1810:) and
1776:emblem
1772:in an
1768:, the
1716:, and
1626:dogmas
1439:Mazdak
1399:Yazidi
1379:Bábism
1359:Nizari
1251:Uwaisi
1246:Rifa'i
1216:Muslim
1082:Maziar
977:Alians
972:Fuzûlî
759:Cemevi
749:Dergah
739:Rehber
661:Husayn
611:Mawlid
601:Nowruz
591:Ashura
541:Poetry
536:Yaqeen
531:Sulook
521:Manzil
511:Lataif
451:Haqiqa
354:Nizari
343:
326:Origin
310:Turkey
278:Zazaki
276:, and
256:Turkey
252:Region
204:Leader
114:
107:
100:
93:
85:
16573:Islam
16403:Quran
16293:Other
16188:Early
16112:Music
16028:Kalam
15982:Jizya
15970:Hudud
15855:Nikah
15772:Najis
15758:Ghusl
15717:Sukuk
15646:Women
15614:Music
15589:Flags
15503:Ibadi
15430:Sunni
15390:Quran
15247:Zakat
15233:Salah
15196:Qadar
15154:Allah
15117:Islam
15008:Taqwa
14397:ī ad-
14395:Fāris
14049:Sufri
13872:Babak
13696:Alavi
13662:Hamza
13620:Imami
13511:Usuli
13484:Imami
13475:Islam
13459:Imami
13241:Sahwa
12304:Murjī
12298:ī an-
12249:ī al-
12240:Balkh
11964:Sunni
11961:Early
11633:Peace
11628:Logic
11600:Kalam
11561:Books
10718:(PDF)
10452:S2CID
10173:(PDF)
10166:(PDF)
10102:(PDF)
9888:JSTOR
9865:Sofra
9517:: 12.
9336:JSTOR
9198:(PDF)
9125:S2CID
9117:JSTOR
9082:S2CID
8996:[
8964:S2CID
8783:Odjak
8697:tekke
8675:mühip
8671:mühip
8667:nasip
8663:aşıks
8132:Hindu
7797:Syria
7733:dedes
7607:Hasan
7229:Haḍra
7224:Dhikr
7186:Salik
7126:Murid
7121:Maqam
7101:Kashf
7086:Irfan
7081:Ihsan
7061:Fakir
7056:Dhawq
7046:Baqaa
7032:Abdal
7026:Ideas
6992:Islam
6666:Pamir
6627:Arwa
6063:Afgan
5769:Bábis
5150:Nāimī
4913:Pāpak
4474:Imāmī
4446:Imāmī
4203:Zaydi
4190:Yemen
3196:Imāmī
3180:Alevī
3147:Mahdi
3029:awqaf
3016:zakat
3010:zakat
2987:Abdal
2982:(the
2980:Sivas
2952:İzmir
2864:Sivas
2820:lokma
2777:lokma
2640:Ilyas
2632:Hızır
2624:Khidr
2615:Khidr
2564:aşure
2550:Aşure
2523:, or
2475:Yusuf
2250:Samāh
2240:Samāh
2187:Samāh
2121:Dedes
2107:Alevi
2095:Rakia
1877:Quran
1873:Injil
1869:Zabur
1783:elmad
1732:Allah
1710:Allah
1673:Faith
1646:Sunni
1619:Usuli
1369:Druze
907:Nāimī
787:Khidr
744:Babas
656:Hasan
616:Music
576:Zakat
491:Kashf
486:Ihsan
471:Baqaa
436:Batin
431:Zahir
406:Quran
401:Allah
186:Quran
119:JSTOR
105:books
36:Alids
18:Alevi
16074:Arts
16005:POWs
15939:Diet
15869:Zina
15841:Mahr
15827:Haya
15791:Wudu
15738:Riba
15651:LGBT
15543:Life
15464:Shia
15454:Sufi
15445:and
15254:Hajj
15240:Sawm
13779:Shia
12176:Rumi
11618:‘Aql
11233:ISBN
11140:ISBN
11043:ISBN
10972:ISBN
10958:ISBN
10944:ISBN
10928:ISSN
10823:ISBN
10739:ISBN
10700:2020
10667:ISBN
10638:ISBN
10615:2012
10567:2014
10541:2022
10515:2022
10490:2022
10477:ISBN
10421:2022
10393:2014
10380:ISBN
10359:2011
10328:2011
10297:2017
10266:2017
10237:2017
10226:ISSN
10181:2009
10148:2020
10113:2014
10081:2014
10048:2017
9992:2017
9979:ISBN
9899:2021
9777:2017
9764:ISBN
9737:ISBN
9713:ISBN
9696:ISBN
9634:OCLC
9624:ISBN
9599:ISBN
9578:ISBN
9551:ISSN
9492:2017
9458:2017
9424:2023
9398:2022
9328:ISSN
9289:ISSN
9250:ISBN
9178:2023
9072:ISBN
9037:ISBN
9010:2024
8975:2023
8929:2023
8908:2023
8895:ISBN
8858:ISBN
8777:and
8767:and
8736:The
8717:dede
8714:(or
8707:baba
8692:baba
8688:baba
8647:and
8631:and
8602:baba
8577:Imam
8130:and
7920:Iran
7754:dede
7737:ağas
7725:dede
7717:dede
7707:dede
7681:Ocak
7677:ocak
7609:and
7244:Sama
7196:Wali
7151:Qutb
7136:Nafs
7091:Ishq
7066:Fana
6049:Dā'ī
5755:Iran
5026:ibn
4072:Sufi
4037:ibn
4031:bint
3376:ibn
3374:Asad
3219:Wahb
3084:Sufi
3075:and
3006:waqf
2978:and
2930:and
2924:pirs
2920:du'a
2918:and
2856:tomb
2854:The
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2591:and
2311:chat
2307:Dede
2274:dede
2225:Âşık
2222:the
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2147:and
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2097:, a
2079:dede
2012:and
2001:fiqh
1939:aşık
1826:jinn
1821:nefs
1791:Llâh
1789:û'li
1787:Hamd
1675:and
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877:Rumi
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606:Saya
496:Nafs
476:Fana
371:and
292:Sama
208:Dede
196:and
91:news
15815:Sex
15678:Law
15564:Art
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13053:of
13042:of
13031:of
12610:Ali
12262:Rum
12251:Kūf
12238:al-
10815:doi
10694:p31
10444:doi
9880:doi
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8887:doi
8850:doi
8726:" (
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8052:Ali
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