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adult. This leads into a second feature of this phase of life—feeling in between. Emerging adults feel that they are taking on responsibilities but do not feel like a 'full' adult quite yet. Next, the instability feature notes that emerging adults often move around after their high school years whether that is to college, friends' houses, or living with a romantic partner, as well as moving back home with their parents/guardians for a time.This moving around often ends once the individual's family and career have been set. Tagging along with the instability feature is having self-focus. Emerging adults, being away from their parental and societal routines, are now able to do what they want when they want and where they want before they are put back into a routine when they start a marriage, family, and career. Arnett's last feature of emerging adulthood, an age of possibilities, characterizes this stage as one where "optimism reigns". These individuals believe they have a good chance of turning out better than their parents did.
167:, the development of facial hair, and a deeper voice in men, and pubic hair in both sexes). In the past, a person usually moved from the status of child directly to the status of adult, often with this shift being marked by some type of coming-of-age test or ceremony. During the Industrial Revolution, children went to work as soon as they could in order to help provide for their family. There was not a huge emphasis on school or education in general. Many children could get a job and were not required to have experience as adults are nowadays. Adulthood, in more recent years, as it has been studied has developed a characteristic list, that goes far beyond just ones physical maturity. These markers for a full, mentally developed, adult include traits of personal responsibilities in multiple aspects of life.
202:, or indeed, if such an age even exists. Common claims repeated in the media since 2005 (based upon interpretations of imaging data) have commonly suggested an "end-point" of 25, referring to the prefrontal cortex as one area that is not yet fully mature at the age of 18. However, this is based on an interpretation of a brain imaging study by Jay Giedd, dating back to 2004 or 2005, where the only participants were aged up to 21 years, and Giedd assumed this maturing process would be done by the age of 25 years, whereas more recent studies show prefrontal cortex maturation continuing well past the age of 30 years, marking this interpretation as incorrect and outdated.
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lower the age of legal majority (adulthood) to 18. However, there are legal activities where 18 is not the default age of adulthood. There are still some exceptions where 21 (or even higher) is still the benchmark for certain rights or responsibilities. To name a couple examples, for most states in the US a person is not allowed to rent a vehicle unless they are 25. In the US the Gun
Control Act of 1968 prohibits those under 21 from purchasing a handgun from a federally licensed dealer (although federal law makes an exception for individuals between the ages of 18 and 20 to obtain one from a private dealer if state law permits.)
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adolescence. The
National Library of Medicine (NCBI) highlights some studies that show rates of religiosity declining as people move out of the house and live on their own. Oftentimes when people live on their own, they change their life goals and religion tends to be less important as they discover who they are. Other studies from the NCBI show that as adults get married and have children they settle down, and as they do, there tends to be an increase in religiosity. Everyone's level of religiosity builds at a different pace, meaning that religion relative to adult development varies across cultures and time.
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and 25. Arnett describes these individuals as able to take some responsibility for their lives, but still not completely feeling like an adult. Arnett articulates five distinct features that are unique to this period of development: identity exploration, feeling in between, instability, self-focus, and having possibilities. Arnett makes it clear that these 5 aspects of emerging adulthood are only relevant during the life stage of emerging adulthood.
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143:. This often encompasses passing a series of tests to demonstrate that a person is prepared for adulthood, or reaching a specified age, sometimes in conjunction with demonstrating preparation. Most modern societies determine legal adulthood based on reaching a legally specified age without requiring a demonstration of physical maturity or preparation for adulthood.
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onset of puberty. Girls will go through a growth spurt and gain weight in several areas of their body. Boys will go through similar spurts in growth, though it is usually not in a similar style or time frame. This is due to the natural processes of puberty, but genetics also plays a part in how much weight they gain or how much taller they get.
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16, one is able to obtain a driver's permit or license depending on state laws and is able to work most jobs (except ones requiring heavy machinery) and consent to sexual activity (depending on the state). At 17, one is able to enlist in the armed forces with parental consent although they cannot be deployed to be in combat roles until age 18.
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The changes that occur during puberty usually happen in an ordered sequence, beginning with thelarche (breast development) at around age 10 or 11, followed by adrenarche (growth of pubic hair due to androgen stimulation), peak height velocity, and finally menarche (the onset of menses), which usually
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Further evidence of adulthood as a social construction is illustrated by the changing criteria of adulthood over time. Historically, adulthood in the U.S. has rested on completing one's education, moving away from the family of origin, and beginning one's career. Other key historical criteria include
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In contrast to biological perspectives of aging and adulthood, social scientists conceptualize adulthood as socially constructed. While aging is an established biological process, the attainment of adulthood is social in its criteria. In contrast to other perspectives that conceptualize aging and the
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In the UK, there have been many proposals to raise the age that one can buy tobacco from 18 to 21 in an attempt to curb teen and young adult use to get to a "smoke-free" UK by 2030. All of these laws made over the years reflect the growing awareness that young adults, while not children, are still in
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As of
December 2019, the federal government raised the legal age to purchase tobacco and vaping products from 18 to 21. In states where recreational marijuana is legalized, the default age is also 21, though those younger may be able to obtain medical marijuana prescriptions or cards upon seeing
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Prior to the 1970s, young people were not classed as adults until 21 in most western nations. For example, in the United States, young citizens could not vote in many elections until 21 until July 1971 when the 26th
Amendment passed mandating that the right to vote cannot be abridged for anyone 18 or
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The first feature, identity exploration, describes emerging adults making decisions for themselves about their career, education, and love life. This is a time of life when a young person has yet to finalize these decisions but are pondering them, making them feel somewhere in between adolescent and
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At the same time, however, even though the generally accepted age of majority is 18 in most nations, there are rights or privileges afforded to adolescents who have not yet reached legal adulthood. In the United States, youth are able to get a part-time job at 14 provided they have a work permit. At
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One can distinguish the legality of acts of a young person, or of enabling a young person to carry out that act, by selling, renting out, showing, permitting entrance, allowing participation, etc. There may be distinction between commercially and socially enabling. Sometimes there is the requirement
220:
typically means that one has reached the age of majority – when parents lose parental rights and responsibilities regarding the person concerned. Depending on one's jurisdiction, the age of majority may or may not be set independently of and should not be confused with the minimum ages applicable to
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varies from child to child, but usually begins between 10 and 12 years old. Girls typically begin the process of puberty at age 10 or 11, and boys at age 11 or 12. Girls generally complete puberty by 15–17, and boys by age 16 or 17. Nutrition, genetics and environment also usually play a part in the
503:
Jeffrey Arnett, a psychologist and professor at Clark
University in Massachusetts, studied the development of adults and argues that there is a new and distinct period of development in between adolescence and adulthood. This stage, which he calls "emerging adulthood", occurs between the ages of 18
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In
Germany, one can purchase beer and wine at the age of 16 although they cannot purchase spirits or hard liquor until 18. The age of consent in Germany is 14 if both partners are under 18. Sexual activity with a person under 18 is punishable if the adult is a person of authority over the minor in
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The Credit Card Act of 2009 imposed tougher safeguards for young adults between the ages of 18 and 20 obtaining a credit card. Young adults under the age of 21 must either have a co-signer 21 or older or show proof (usually a source of income) that they can repay their credit card balance. Unless
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Young people under 21 in the US could also not purchase alcohol, purchase handguns, sign a binding contract, or marry without permission from parents. After the voting age was lowered, many states also moved to lower the drinking age (with most states having a minimum age of 18 or 19) and also to
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as an adult, to be age 7. While certain religions have their guidelines on what it means to be an adult, generally speaking, there are trends that occur regarding religiosity as individuals transition from adolescence to adulthood. The role of religion in one's life can impact development during
451:
In March 2021, the state of
Washington in a 5–4 decision, justices in the Supreme Court of the State of Washington tossed the life without parole sentences of a 19-year-old and a 20-year-old convicted in separate cases of first-degree aggravated murder decades ago, saying, as with juveniles, the
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In Quebec, Canada the Quebec legislature in 2020 raised the age one could purchase recreational marijuana from 18 to 21 stepping out of line with most of the country that set a minimum age of 19 (except
Alberta, which is 18.) The Quebec government cited the risk that marijuana poses to the brain
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Contemporary experiences of and research on young adults today substitute more seemingly subjective criteria for adulthood which resonate more soundly with young adults' experiences of aging. The criteria are marked by a growing "importance of individualistic criteria and the irrelevance of the
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In 2020, students 16 or older in
Oakland, California gained the right to vote in school board elections. There is a growing movement to lower the voting age in the US and many other countries from 18 to 16 in hopes of engaging the youth vote and encouraging greater electoral participation. Some
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As of July 1984, the
National Minimum Drinking Age Act mandated that all states raise their respective drinking ages to 21 to create a uniform standard for legally purchasing, drinking, or publicly possessing alcohol with exceptions made for consumption only in private residences under parental
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entering a marriage and becoming a parent. These criteria are social and subjective; they are organized by gender, race, ethnicity, and social class, among other key identity markers. As a result, particular populations feel adult earlier in the life course than do others.
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Shanahan, Michael J.; Porfeli, Erik J.; Mortimer, Jeylan T.; Erickson, Lance D. (15 April 2008). "Subjective Age Identity and the Transition to Adulthood: When do Adolescents Become Adults?". In Settersten, Richard A. Jr.; Furstenberg, Frank F.; Rumbaut, Rubén G. (eds.).
273:, etc. Admission of a young person to a place may be restricted because of danger for that person, concern that the place may lead the person to immoral behavior, or because of the risk that the young person causes damage (for example, at an exhibition of fragile items).
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On average, the onset of puberty is about 18 months earlier for girls (usually starting around the age of 10 or 11 and lasting until they are 15 to 17) than for boys (who usually begin puberty at about the age of 11 to 12 and complete it by the age of 16 to 17, on
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a transitional stage between adolescence and full adulthood and that there should be policy adjustments or restrictions where necessary, especially where it pertains to activities that carry certain degrees of risk or harm to themselves or others.
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is the period beginning at physical sexual maturity, which occurs sometime after the onset of puberty. Although this is the primary definition of the base word "adult", the term is also frequently used to refer to social adults. The two-word term
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The voting age for local elections in most American cities is 18. But in five localities nationwide — four of which are in Maryland — 16 and 17-year-olds are eligible to vote. The cities are Takoma Park, Riverdale, Greenbelt, and Hyattsville.
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demographic markers of normative conceptions of adulthood." In particular, younger cohorts' attainment of adulthood centers on three criteria: gaining a sense of responsibility, independent decision-making, and financial independence.
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Waters, Mary C.; Carr, Patrick J.; Kefalas, Maria J.; Holdaway, Jennifer (15 April 2008). "Becoming Adult: Meanings and Markers for Young Americans". In Settersten, Richard A. Jr.; Furstenberg, Frank F.; Rumbaut, Rubén G. (eds.).
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court must first consider the age of those under 21 before sentencing them to die behind bars. This comes at a time where there are ongoing debates about whether those between 18 and 20 should be exempted from the death penalty.
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older. The voting age was lowered in response to the fact that young men between the ages of 18 and 21 were drafted into the army to fight in the Vietnam War, hence the popular slogan "old enough to fight, old enough to vote"
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attainment of adulthood as a largely universal development, regardless of context, nation, generation, gender, race, or social class. Social scientists regard these aspects as paramount in cultural definitions of adulthood.
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Gambling also varies from 18 to 21 depending on the state and many rental car companies do not rent cars to those under 21 and have surcharges for drivers under 25 (although this is not codified, and is company policy).
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is 19 (though there are some exceptions in which Canadians may be considered legal adults in certain situations like sexual consent, which is age 16, and criminal law, federal elections and the military, which is at
1876:
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The 1983 Code of Canon Law states, "A man before he has completed his sixteenth year of age, and likewise a woman before she has completed her fourteenth year of age, cannot enter a valid marriage". According to
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In Germany, courts largely sentence defendants under the age of 21 according to juvenile law in a bid to help them reintegrate into society and mete out punishments that fit the crime as well as the offender.
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supervision and permission. This was done in response to reducing the number of drunk driving fatalities prevalent among young drivers. States that choose not to comply can lose up to 10% of highway funding.
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121:. They may also be regarded as "majors". The typical age of attaining legal adulthood is 18, although definition may vary by legal rights, country, and psychological development.
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in multiple dictionaries includes "the stage of the life cycle of an animal after reproductive capacity has been attained". Thus, the base definition of the word
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Settersten, Richard A. Jr.; Furstenberg, Frank F.; Rumbaut, Rubén G., eds. (15 April 2008). "On the Frontier of Adulthood: Emerging Themes and New Directions".
128:. Definitions of adulthood are often inconsistent and contradictory; a person may be biologically an adult, and have adult behavior, but still be treated as a
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The Discovery of adolescence is generally dated to 1904, with the publication of the massive study "Adolescence," by G. Stanley Hall, a prominent
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Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen (1998). "Learning to Stand Alone: The Contemporary American Transition to Adulthood in Cultural and Historical Context".
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stresses or clarifies that the original definition, based on physical maturity (i.e. having reached reproductive competency), is being used.
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Shanahan, Michael J. (August 2000). "Pathways to Adulthood in Changing Societies: Variability and Mechanisms in Life Course Perspective".
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The Affordable Care Act of 2010 expands the age that young adults can remain on their parent's health insurance plan up to age 26.
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another person being allowed to sell, rent out, or show the young person a film; a cinema being allowed to let a young person enter
1923:
1679:"Young Adults and the Affordable Care Act: Protecting Young Adults and Eliminating Burdens on Families and Businesses | CMS"
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Petanjek, Zdravko; Judaš, Miloš; Šimić, Goran; Rašin, Mladen Roko; Uylings, Harry B. M.; Rakic, Pasko; Kostović, Ivica (2011).
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Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen (2003). "Conceptions of the Transition to Adulthood Among Emerging Adults in American Ethnic Groups".
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1060:; Reiss, David (2007). "Genetic and Environmental Influences on Pubertal Timing: Results From Two National Sibling Studies".
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Arain, Mariam; Haque, Maliha; Johal, Lina; Mathur, Puja; Nel, Wynand; Rais, Afsha; Sandhu, Ranbir; Sharma, Sushil (2013).
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countries already have a voting age of 16 which include Austria, Scotland, Argentina, Brazil, Wales, Cuba, and Ecuador.
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Ryff, Carol D. (16 January 2018). "The Subjective Experience of Life-Span Transitions". In Rossi, Alice S. (ed.).
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One recent area of debate within the science of brain development is the most likely chronological age for full
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2355:"Socioeconomic Status and Age Identity: The Role of Dimensions of Health in the Subjective Construction of Age"
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Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: An Interdisciplinary, Searchable, and Linkable Resource
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2306:"The Markers and Meanings of Growing Up: Contemporary Young Women's Transition From Adolescence to Adulthood"
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if they are under the legal age of majority. Conversely, one may legally be an adult but possess none of the
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Donelson, Elaine (1999). "Psychology of religion and adolescents in the United States: Past to present".
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tradition, adulthood is reached at age 13 for Jewish boys and 12 for Jewish girls in accordance with the
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In May 2021, the state of Texas raised the age that one can be an exotic dancer and work and patronize
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In different cultures, there are events that relate passing from being a child to becoming an adult or
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Gluckman, Peter D.; Hanson, Mark A. (January 2006). "Evolution, development and timing of puberty".
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The age of majority ranges internationally from ages 15 to 21, with 18 being the most common age.
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307:: rules for the young person, and for other people, regarding production, possession, etc. (see
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Barrett, Anne E. (May 2005). "Gendered experiences in midlife: Implications for age identity".
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that requirement is met, one must wait until 21 to be approved for a credit card on their own.
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1848:"Kentucky Trial Judge Rules Death Penalty Unconstitutional for Offenders Younger Than Age 21"
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1619:"The 1984 National Minimum Drinking Age Act | APIS - Alcohol Policy Information System"
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2032:"Takoma Park is one of five cities where minors can vote. And young voters are turning out"
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Historically and cross-culturally, adulthood has been determined primarily by the start of
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another person being allowed to sell, rent out, or show the young person pornography, see
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1649:"My first unsecured credit card came with a $ 20,000 limit—here's why that is rare today"
1238:"Adolescent risk taking, impulsivity, and brain development: implications for prevention"
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281:, or just by an adult. Sometimes there is no requirement, but rather a recommendation.
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Although few or no established dictionaries provide a definition for the two-word term
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1430:"Legal ages of marriage across Africa: Even when it's 18, they are married off at 12!"
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1822:"A Decent Proposal: Exempting Eighteen- to Twenty-Year-Olds from the Death Penalty"
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1563:""Old Enough to Fight, Old Enough to Vote": The WWII Roots of the 26th Amendment"
1417:. College of William & Mary Law School: Faculty Publications. pp. 55–97.
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The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
1924:"Raise age for sale of cigarettes to 21 and stop 'tobacco epidemic', say UK MPS"
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define adulthood at age 15, but marriage of girls at an earlier age is common.
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Emerging adulthood: the winding road from the late teens through the twenties
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Evolution, Culture, and Consciousness: The Discovery of the Preconscious Mind
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524:; they are expected to demonstrate preparation for adulthood by learning the
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Lee, Bo Hyeong Jane; Pearce, Lisa D.; Schorpp, Kristen M. (September 2017).
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736:"Has Fecundability been Declining in Recent Years in Developed Countries?".
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considered the age of accountability, when a person could be tried and even
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Lives in time and place: the problems and promises of developmental science
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1149:"Extraordinary neoteny of synaptic spines in the human prefrontal cortex"
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development of people under 21 as justification for the age raise.
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On the frontier of adulthood: theory, research, and public policy
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On the frontier of adulthood: theory, research, and public policy
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On the frontier of adulthood: theory, research, and public policy
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adult age is 18 for most purposes, with some notable exceptions:
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Using the example of pornography, one can distinguish between:
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2597:. Vol. 37. American Psychological Association. p. 68
1794:"Mandatory life without parole prohibited for young WA adults"
1207:"People don't become 'adults' until their 30s, say scientists"
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and first president of the American Psychological Association.
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Life course dynamics: trajectories and transitions, 1968-1980
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Pediatric Skills for Occupational Therapy Assistants – E-Book
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2617:"Emerging Adulthood: What Is It, and What Is It Good For?"
1734:"What is the Age Limit of Medical Cannabis in California?"
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46:
2680:"Bat Mitzva in Peninei Halakha by rabbi Eliezer Melamed"
2655:"Bar Mitzva in Peninei Halakha by rabbi Eliezer Melamed"
1761:"Quebec raises legal consumption age for cannabis to 21"
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1873:"Should 18- to 21-year-olds be eligible for execution?"
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and responsibility that may define an adult character.
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1898:"Texas bill aims to crack down on human trafficking"
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Schuiling, Kerri Durnell; Likis, Frances E. (2016).
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New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development
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676:"Becoming adult: Meanings of markers to adulthood"
2851:
2526:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 169–190.
2459:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 225–255.
1018:Solomon, Jean W.; O'Brien, Jane Clifford (2014).
974:Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy
4070:
2767:
878:
773:International dictionary of medicine and biology
77:definition of the word means an animal reaching
30:"Adulthood" redirects here. For other uses, see
1153:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2425:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 3–25.
2056:Settersten, Richard A. Jr. (2 December 2018).
1453:"Age of consent for sexual activity in Canada"
920:
835:
540:, which includes engaging in sexual activity.
3084:
2837:
695:
2774:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
2093:. Cornell University Press. pp. 23–49.
770:
536:contain no age requirement for adulthood or
483:upbringing, education, care, or employment.
1504:"What Does Age of Majority Mean in Canada?"
1294:Current Directions in Psychological Science
1284:
966:
964:
288:being allowed inside an adult establishment
3091:
3077:
2844:
2830:
2055:
805:Churchill's illustrated medical dictionary
673:
528:and other Jewish practices. The Christian
315:With regard to films with violence, etc.:
113:and is therefore regarded as independent,
2793:
2370:
2329:
1982:
1972:
1478:
1468:
1450:
1313:
1261:
1182:
1172:
914:
807:. New York: Churchill Livingstone. 1989.
163:and the development of breasts in women,
97:concepts. In contrast to a non-adult or "
2732:
2615:Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen (December 2007).
2230:
2197:
1819:
1758:
1646:
1560:
1412:
970:
961:
838:Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism
771:Becker; Landau, Sidney I., eds. (1986).
635:
221:other activities, such as engaging in a
40:
2393:
2352:
2303:
1427:
1366:
1336:
1116:Henig, Robin Marantz (18 August 2010).
1011:
629:
146:
14:
4071:
2705:"Code of Canon Law: Table of Contents"
2614:
2588:
2487:
2265:
2154:
1961:Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
1561:Birnbaum, Gemma R. (28 October 2020).
1370:Adolescent Rationality and Development
3072:
2825:
2591:"Emerging adults: The in-between age"
2584:
2582:
2580:
2088:
1533:"Age of Majority by State as of 2020"
1235:
1128:from the original on 26 February 2017
1115:
995:from the original on January 10, 2023
945:from the original on January 10, 2023
291:being allowed to purchase pornography
249:, traveling abroad, involvement with
2121:
2029:
1957:"Maturation of the adolescent brain"
1759:Lindeman, Tracey (30 October 2019).
299:disseminating pornography to a minor
294:being allowed to possess pornography
1428:Spooner, Samantha (July 14, 2014).
1049:
872:
24:
2577:
1062:Journal of Research on Adolescence
1056:Ge, Xiaojia; Natsuaki, Misaki N.;
882:Human Development: A Lifespan View
205:
25:
4100:
2589:Munsey, Christopher (June 2006).
2304:Aronson, Pamela (February 2008).
2011:LII / Legal Information Institute
1936:from the original on 13 June 2021
1904:from the original on 13 June 2021
1828:from the original on 13 June 2021
1801:from the original on 13 June 2021
1740:from the original on 13 June 2021
1714:from the original on 22 June 2021
1659:from the original on 13 June 2021
1588:"Statute 82 Page 1213-2 PDF file"
1501:
1290:"The Teenage Brain: Self Control"
1217:from the original on 14 June 2022
1118:"What is It About 20-Somethings?"
701:"What Is It About 20-Somethings?"
85:. In the human context, the term
3300:
2633:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00016.x
1820:Michaels, Andrew (9 June 2016).
1773:from the original on 24 May 2021
1647:DeMatteo, Megan (22 July 2020).
1074:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2007.00546.x
636:McNamara, Thomas Edward (2004).
487:Social construction of adulthood
2761:
2726:
2715:from the original on 2021-08-22
2697:
2686:from the original on 2022-10-18
2672:
2661:from the original on 2022-10-18
2647:
2608:
2566:from the original on 2020-11-02
2548:
2514:
2488:Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen (2014).
2481:
2447:
2414:
2387:
2353:Barrett, Anne E. (March 2003).
2346:
2259:
2224:
2191:
2148:
2115:
2082:
2049:
2038:from the original on 2021-05-10
2023:
1999:
1948:
1916:
1890:
1879:from the original on 2021-06-13
1865:
1854:from the original on 2021-06-13
1840:
1813:
1785:
1752:
1726:
1696:
1685:from the original on 2021-06-13
1671:
1640:
1629:from the original on 2021-06-13
1611:
1600:from the original on 2021-05-15
1580:
1569:from the original on 2021-06-13
1554:
1525:
1514:from the original on 2021-01-08
1495:
1451:Bellemare, Steven (July 2008).
1444:
1421:
1406:
1395:from the original on 2021-12-07
1360:
1349:from the original on 2021-12-13
1330:
1278:
1229:
1199:
1140:
1109:
1080:
903:from the original on 2023-01-10
879:Kail, RV; Cavanaugh JC (2010).
711:from the original on 2011-05-11
618:from the original on 2022-11-05
126:psychological adult development
3098:
2621:Child Development Perspectives
2126:. Routledge. pp. 97–113.
1457:Paediatrics & Child Health
1337:Epstein, Robert (2007-06-01).
829:
797:
764:
729:
689:
685:: 1–16 – via umnikizdes.
667:
604:
546:The Disappearance of Childhood
408:The legal age of adulthood in
401:The legal age of adulthood in
386:The legal age of adulthood in
350:The legal age of adulthood in
13:
1:
3396:Industrial and organizational
2853:Development of the human body
929:Jones & Bartlett Learning
597:
157:secondary sex characteristics
89:has meanings associated with
3637:Human factors and ergonomics
2556:"Jeffrey Jensen Arnett, PhD"
2408:10.1016/j.jaging.2004.05.002
2245:10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.667
2198:Levinson, Daniel J. (1979).
2030:Niel, Clara (October 2020).
1415:Adulthood in Law and Culture
1339:"The Myth of the Teen Brain"
1094:. 2018-04-26. Archived from
738:Journal of Biosocial Science
674:SETTERSTEN, RICHARD (2015).
461:sexually oriented businesses
333:Democratic Republic of Congo
265:, being a model or actor in
124:Human adulthood encompasses
7:
2492:. Oxford University Press.
2200:The Seasons of a man's life
1623:alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov
1288:; Caudle, Kristina (2013).
1242:Developmental Psychobiology
956:occurs around age 12 or 13.
644:University Press of America
568:
511:
10:
4105:
2233:Annual Review of Sociology
2124:Gender and the life course
1502:B. A., Political Science.
1434:Mail & Guardian Africa
924:Women's Gynecologic Health
342:In most of the world, the
209:
174:, the first definition of
36:Adulthood (disambiguation)
29:
4023:
3960:
3667:
3577:
3489:
3326:Applied behavior analysis
3309:
3298:
3134:
3106:
3045:
2953:
2895:
2859:
1413:Hamilton, Vivian (2016).
850:10.1016/j.tem.2005.11.006
750:10.1017/s0021932000006349
360:Newfoundland and Labrador
27:Being that is fully grown
2396:Journal of Aging Studies
2372:10.1093/geronb/58.2.s101
2322:10.1177/0891243207311420
2060:. Taylor & Francis.
1306:10.1177/0963721413480170
1026:Elsevier Health Sciences
971:Phillips, D. C. (2014).
3602:Behavioral neuroscience
3166:Behavioral neuroscience
1367:Moshman, David (2011).
1174:10.1073/pnas.1105108108
3652:Psychology of religion
3592:Behavioral engineering
3529:Human subject research
3185:Cognitive neuroscience
3151:Affective neuroscience
2747:10.1006/jado.1999.0212
2735:Journal of Adolescence
1236:Romer, Daniel (2010).
54:
32:Adult (disambiguation)
4028:Wiktionary definition
3564:Self-report inventory
3559:Quantitative research
2595:Monitor on Psychology
1875:. 19 September 2019.
1736:. 18 September 2018.
1379:10.4324/9780203835111
1058:Neiderhiser, Jenae M.
364:Northwest Territories
109:who has attained the
44:
3554:Qualitative research
3509:Behavior epigenetics
2310:Gender & Society
2202:. Ballantine Books.
1710:. 22 February 2021.
1470:10.1093/pch/13.6.475
1440:on January 24, 2018.
1373:. Psychology Press.
697:Marantz Henig, Robin
646:. pp. 262–263.
277:of supervision by a
241:, buying/possessing
147:Biological adulthood
81:and thus capable of
4084:Biological concepts
4033:Wiktionary category
3597:Behavioral genetics
3569:Statistical surveys
3426:Occupational health
3161:Behavioral genetics
1343:Scientific American
1165:2011PNAS..10813281P
1159:(32): 13281–13286.
744:(1). January 1983.
251:alcoholic beverages
155:(the appearance of
4005:Schools of thought
3908:Richard E. Nisbett
3788:Donald T. Campbell
3466:Sport and exercise
3008:Emerging adulthood
2786:10.1111/jssr.12367
1974:10.2147/NDT.S39776
1122:The New York Times
981:. pp. 18–19.
705:The New York Times
522:Bar or Bat Mitzvah
416:in the U.S. is 21.
305:pornographic actor
55:
4066:
4065:
4043:Wikimedia Commons
3970:Counseling topics
3933:Ronald C. Kessler
3923:Shelley E. Taylor
3848:Lawrence Kohlberg
3823:Stanley Schachter
3622:Consumer behavior
3504:Archival research
3272:Psycholinguistics
3156:Affective science
3066:
3065:
2930:Adult development
2908:Child development
2820:
2819:
2533:978-0-226-74890-0
2499:978-0-19-992938-2
2466:978-0-226-74890-0
2432:978-0-226-74890-0
2169:10.1159/000022591
2157:Human Development
2133:978-1-351-32902-6
2067:978-0-415-78421-4
2007:"age of majority"
1900:. 29 April 2021.
1797:. 11 March 2021.
1388:978-0-203-83511-1
1254:10.1002/dev.20442
1213:. 19 March 2019.
1035:978-0-323-29163-7
988:978-1-4833-6475-9
979:SAGE Publications
938:978-1-284-12501-6
896:978-0-495-60037-4
309:child pornography
237:, serving in the
69:that has reached
16:(Redirected from
4096:
4000:Research methods
3943:Richard Davidson
3938:Joseph E. LeDoux
3813:George A. Miller
3803:David McClelland
3798:Herbert A. Simon
3698:Edward Thorndike
3519:Content analysis
3304:
3277:Psychophysiology
3093:
3086:
3079:
3070:
3069:
3046:Social and legal
2846:
2839:
2832:
2823:
2822:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2586:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2374:
2365:(2): S101–S109.
2350:
2344:
2343:
2333:
2301:
2292:
2291:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2163:(5/6): 295–315.
2152:
2146:
2145:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1796:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1599:
1592:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1539:. Archived from
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1482:
1472:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1436:. Archived from
1425:
1419:
1418:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1317:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1265:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1186:
1176:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1002:
1000:
968:
959:
958:
952:
950:
918:
912:
911:
909:
908:
887:Cengage Learning
885:(5th ed.).
876:
870:
869:
833:
827:
826:
801:
795:
794:
768:
762:
761:
733:
727:
726:
717:
716:
693:
687:
686:
680:
671:
665:
664:
662:
660:
633:
627:
626:
624:
623:
612:"Adult organism"
608:
554:Christian Church
534:Jewish scripture
352:British Columbia
185:biological adult
172:biological adult
21:
4104:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4019:
3995:Psychotherapies
3956:
3913:Martin Seligman
3878:Daniel Kahneman
3818:Richard Lazarus
3768:Raymond Cattell
3672:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3573:
3485:
3312:
3305:
3296:
3257:Neuropsychology
3137:
3130:
3102:
3097:
3067:
3062:
3058:Age of majority
3041:
2974:Early childhood
2949:
2896:Birth and after
2891:
2887:Gestational age
2855:
2850:
2812:
2811:
2766:
2762:
2731:
2727:
2718:
2716:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2689:
2687:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2664:
2662:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2613:
2609:
2600:
2598:
2587:
2578:
2569:
2567:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2534:
2519:
2515:
2500:
2486:
2482:
2467:
2452:
2448:
2433:
2419:
2415:
2392:
2388:
2351:
2347:
2302:
2295:
2264:
2260:
2229:
2225:
2210:
2196:
2192:
2153:
2149:
2134:
2120:
2116:
2101:
2087:
2083:
2068:
2054:
2050:
2041:
2039:
2028:
2024:
2015:
2013:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1932:. 9 June 2021.
1922:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1882:
1880:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1857:
1855:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1818:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1776:
1774:
1757:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1717:
1715:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1688:
1686:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1645:
1641:
1632:
1630:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1572:
1570:
1559:
1555:
1546:
1544:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1515:
1500:
1496:
1449:
1445:
1426:
1422:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1396:
1389:
1365:
1361:
1352:
1350:
1335:
1331:
1283:
1279:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1129:
1114:
1110:
1101:
1099:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1054:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1028:. p. 103.
1016:
1012:
998:
996:
989:
969:
962:
948:
946:
939:
919:
915:
906:
904:
897:
889:. p. 296.
877:
873:
834:
830:
815:
803:
802:
798:
783:
769:
765:
735:
734:
730:
714:
712:
694:
690:
678:
672:
668:
658:
656:
654:
634:
630:
621:
619:
610:
609:
605:
600:
595:
571:
514:
489:
463:from 18 to 21.
259:sexual activity
214:
212:Age of majority
208:
206:Legal adulthood
200:mental maturity
149:
115:self-sufficient
111:age of majority
79:sexual maturity
45:An adult human
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4102:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3966:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3953:Roy Baumeister
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3888:Michael Posner
3885:
3880:
3875:
3873:Elliot Aronson
3870:
3868:Walter Mischel
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3833:Albert Bandura
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3808:Leon Festinger
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3778:Neal E. Miller
3775:
3773:Abraham Maslow
3770:
3765:
3760:
3758:Ernest Hilgard
3755:
3753:Donald O. Hebb
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3733:J. P. Guilford
3730:
3728:Gordon Allport
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3708:John B. Watson
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3673:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3499:Animal testing
3495:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3315:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3202:Cross-cultural
3199:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3182:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3140:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3096:
3095:
3088:
3081:
3073:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2998:Preadolescence
2990:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2849:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2826:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2809:
2780:(3): 678–689.
2760:
2741:(2): 187–204.
2725:
2696:
2671:
2646:
2607:
2576:
2547:
2532:
2513:
2498:
2480:
2465:
2446:
2431:
2413:
2402:(2): 163–183.
2386:
2345:
2293:
2274:(100): 63–76.
2258:
2239:(1): 667–692.
2223:
2208:
2190:
2147:
2132:
2114:
2099:
2081:
2066:
2048:
2022:
1998:
1947:
1915:
1889:
1864:
1839:
1812:
1784:
1751:
1725:
1695:
1670:
1639:
1610:
1579:
1553:
1524:
1494:
1443:
1420:
1405:
1387:
1359:
1329:
1277:
1248:(3): 263–276.
1228:
1198:
1139:
1108:
1079:
1068:(4): 767–788.
1048:
1034:
1010:
987:
960:
937:
931:. p. 22.
913:
895:
871:
828:
813:
796:
781:
763:
728:
707:. p. 10.
699:(2010-08-18).
688:
666:
652:
628:
602:
601:
599:
596:
594:
593:
588:
583:
578:
572:
570:
567:
513:
510:
488:
485:
418:
417:
406:
399:
384:
321:
320:
313:
312:
301:
295:
292:
289:
279:legal guardian
269:, running for
210:Main article:
207:
204:
148:
145:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4101:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3990:Psychologists
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3980:Organizations
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3963:
3959:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:John Anderson
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3858:Ulric Neisser
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3843:Endel Tulving
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3828:Robert Zajonc
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3783:Jerome Bruner
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3748:B. F. Skinner
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3713:Clark L. Hull
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3693:Sigmund Freud
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3683:William James
3681:
3679:
3678:Wilhelm Wundt
3676:
3674:
3671:
3670:Psychologists
3666:
3658:
3657:Psychometrics
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3617:Consciousness
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:Psychophysics
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3491:Methodologies
3488:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3451:Psychotherapy
3449:
3447:
3446:Psychometrics
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3303:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3212:Developmental
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3094:
3089:
3087:
3082:
3080:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2847:
2842:
2840:
2835:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2816:
2815:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2700:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2596:
2592:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2525:
2517:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2390:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2349:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2298:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2280:10.1002/cd.75
2277:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2209:0-345-29727-X
2205:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2100:0-8014-9323-4
2096:
2092:
2085:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1827:
1823:
1816:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1755:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1643:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1596:
1589:
1583:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1543:on 2020-12-07
1542:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1416:
1409:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1333:
1325:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1232:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1098:on 2020-12-04
1097:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1037:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1014:
1007:
994:
990:
984:
980:
976:
975:
967:
965:
957:
944:
940:
934:
930:
926:
925:
917:
902:
898:
892:
888:
884:
883:
875:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
832:
824:
820:
816:
814:0-443-08691-5
810:
806:
800:
792:
788:
784:
782:0-471-01849-X
778:
774:
767:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
732:
725:
723:
710:
706:
702:
698:
692:
684:
677:
670:
655:
653:0-7618-2765-X
649:
645:
641:
640:
632:
617:
613:
607:
603:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
581:Overparenting
579:
577:
574:
573:
566:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
516:According to
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
462:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
440:a physician.
437:
434:
430:
426:
422:
415:
411:
407:
404:
400:
397:
396:United States
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
356:New Brunswick
353:
349:
348:
347:
345:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
318:
317:
316:
310:
306:
302:
300:
296:
293:
290:
287:
286:
285:
282:
280:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
213:
203:
201:
196:
193:
188:
186:
181:
177:
173:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
144:
142:
141:coming of age
137:
135:
131:
127:
122:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
52:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
4089:Juvenile law
3903:Larry Squire
3898:Bruce McEwen
3893:Amos Tversky
3863:Jerome Kagan
3853:Noam Chomsky
3793:Hans Eysenck
3763:Harry Harlow
3743:Erik Erikson
3642:Intelligence
3539:Neuroimaging
3282:Quantitative
3247:Mathematical
3242:Intelligence
3232:Experimental
3227:Evolutionary
3217:Differential
3126:Psychologist
3025:Middle adult
3014:
2960:Early years
2860:Before birth
2777:
2773:
2763:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2717:. Retrieved
2708:
2699:
2688:. Retrieved
2674:
2663:. Retrieved
2649:
2627:(2): 68–73.
2624:
2620:
2610:
2599:. Retrieved
2594:
2568:. Retrieved
2559:
2550:
2523:
2516:
2489:
2483:
2456:
2449:
2422:
2416:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2362:
2358:
2348:
2316:(1): 56–82.
2313:
2309:
2271:
2267:
2261:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2199:
2193:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2123:
2117:
2090:
2084:
2057:
2051:
2040:. Retrieved
2025:
2014:. Retrieved
2010:
2001:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1938:. Retrieved
1929:The Guardian
1927:
1918:
1906:. Retrieved
1892:
1881:. Retrieved
1867:
1856:. Retrieved
1842:
1830:. Retrieved
1815:
1803:. Retrieved
1787:
1775:. Retrieved
1766:The Guardian
1764:
1754:
1742:. Retrieved
1728:
1716:. Retrieved
1707:
1704:"Tobacco 21"
1698:
1687:. Retrieved
1673:
1661:. Retrieved
1642:
1631:. Retrieved
1622:
1613:
1602:. Retrieved
1582:
1571:. Retrieved
1556:
1545:. Retrieved
1541:the original
1537:Policygenius
1536:
1527:
1516:. Retrieved
1507:
1497:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1438:the original
1433:
1423:
1414:
1408:
1397:. Retrieved
1369:
1362:
1351:. Retrieved
1342:
1332:
1300:(2): 82–87.
1297:
1293:
1280:
1245:
1241:
1231:
1219:. Retrieved
1210:
1201:
1156:
1152:
1142:
1130:. Retrieved
1121:
1111:
1100:. Retrieved
1096:the original
1091:
1082:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1039:. Retrieved
1020:
1013:
1004:
997:. Retrieved
973:
954:
947:. Retrieved
923:
916:
905:. Retrieved
881:
874:
841:
837:
831:
804:
799:
772:
766:
741:
737:
731:
722:psychologist
719:
713:. Retrieved
704:
691:
682:
669:
659:December 11,
657:. Retrieved
638:
631:
620:. Retrieved
606:
550:Neil Postman
545:
542:
515:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
341:
322:
314:
283:
275:
217:
215:
197:
190:The time of
189:
184:
179:
175:
171:
169:
161:menstruation
150:
138:
123:
102:
86:
83:reproduction
58:
56:
3975:Disciplines
3948:Susan Fiske
3838:Roger Brown
3738:Carl Rogers
3723:Jean Piaget
3688:Ivan Pavlov
3544:Observation
3524:Experiments
3471:Suicidology
3366:Educational
3321:Anomalistic
3292:Theoretical
3267:Personality
3197:Comparative
3180:Cognitivism
3171:Behaviorism
3030:Elder adult
3020:Young adult
3003:Adolescence
2867:Development
1967:: 449–461.
1132:23 February
844:(1): 7–12.
558:Middle Ages
414:Puerto Rico
410:Mississippi
403:South Korea
368:Nova Scotia
267:pornography
233:, having a
165:ejaculation
119:responsible
103:legal adult
71:full growth
49:(left) and
4073:Categories
4038:Wikisource
3883:Paul Ekman
3718:Kurt Lewin
3612:Competence
3534:Interviews
3514:Case study
3391:Humanistic
3371:Ergonomics
3356:Counseling
3331:Assessment
3313:psychology
3262:Perception
3222:Ecological
3138:psychology
3116:Philosophy
3100:Psychology
2940:Senescence
2719:2022-12-23
2709:vatican.va
2690:2022-10-18
2665:2022-10-18
2601:2020-12-13
2570:2020-12-13
2142:1028167964
2076:1121019775
2042:2021-06-13
2016:2023-11-03
1883:2021-06-13
1858:2021-06-13
1689:2021-06-13
1633:2021-06-13
1604:2021-06-13
1573:2021-06-13
1547:2020-12-13
1518:2020-12-13
1463:(6): 475.
1399:2021-12-07
1353:2021-12-07
1102:2020-12-13
907:2018-03-20
715:2010-09-24
622:2022-11-05
598:References
75:biological
4079:Adulthood
4058:Wikibooks
4048:Wikiquote
3918:Ed Diener
3703:Carl Jung
3607:Cognition
3436:Political
3346:Community
3176:Cognitive
3015:Adulthood
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