302:
274:
695:
and cooperated with him. Prince Duan's hatred for things regarded as foreign to China, however, never changed. He refused to eat when a military officer threw a party for him in
Western style. He also became angry when he heard about his grandchildren riding in trains because he believed that trains
640:
Prince Duan fell out of favour with the imperials after the Boxers were defeated, and the Qing government was forced to side with the Eight-Nation
Alliance against the Boxers. The victorious Eight-Nation Alliance named Prince Duan as one of the masterminds behind the rebellion. In 1902, the Qing
592:
and his allies. After the reformist movement was crushed, in 1899, Empress
Dowager Cixi designated Prince Duan's son, Pujun as First Prince (大阿哥) in her plan to depose the Guangxu Emperor and replace him with Puzhuan. However, since the ambassadors of other countries did not recognise Puzhuan's
1063:
1079:
720:, and other famous martial artists were patronized by Prince Duan. It was in the prince's residence that copies were made of a seminal classic forty chapter text of taijiquan principles for Luchan's son
696:
were objects alien to China. Foreigners were furious when they learnt that Prince Duan had returned to
Beijing, and started protesting to the Beiyang government. As a result, Prince Duan moved back to
652:
Rumours circulated during the Boxer rebellion about Dong
Fuxiang and Prince Duan seizing control of Gansu and rebelling, which were false. Another rumour reported that Dong Fuxiang retired.
1047:
66:
1031:
870:
683:, the Last Emperor who abdicated in 1912, to the Qing imperial throne. He was regarded as a national hero by the ruling elite because of his aggressive anti-foreign stance. The
649:, the empress dowager blamed Prince Duan for the Boxer crisis and for issuing an imperial decree ordering the killing of all foreigners without her authorisation and knowledge.
788:(紹昌) from the Irgen-Gioro clan (伊爾根覺羅氏). She bore Prince Duan's eldest son, Puzhuan (溥僎). Prince Duan's secondary spouse was the daughter of Gongsangzhu'ermote (貢桑朱爾默特), a
758:, was the seventh brother of Prince Dun, Prince Duan's biological father. Prince Duan also had an additional layer of familial ties with the Guangxu Emperor: His wife,
865:
855:
641:
government issued an imperial decree condemning Prince Duan for his involvement in the Boxer
Rebellion. Prince Duan and his family were exiled to
571:
565:
1195:
1180:
784:(愛新覺羅宗譜) does not confirm that Prince Duan's wife was Jingfang, Empress Dowager Cixi's niece. Prince Duan's primary spouse was the daughter of
1021:
Derling, Princess Two Years in the
Forbidden City, (New York: Moffat Yard & Company, pg. 361 (New York: Moffat Yard & Company, 1911).
785:
669:
187:
1200:
1185:
860:
131:
1205:
1190:
1143:
1118:
978:
940:
717:
688:
896:
Manchus & Han: Ethnic
Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861–1928
927:
The Boxer
Rebellion: The Dramatic Story of China's War on Foreigners that Shook the World in the Summer of 1900
729:
601:
A leading conservative and strongly anti-foreign politician, Prince Duan was one of the main supporters of the
321:
625:, which was among the several modernised Manchu banner forces. During the crisis in June 1900, he headed the
335:
700:
and lived the rest of his life there. The
Beiyang government increased his stipend by 50%. He died in 1923.
112:
971:
Manchus & Han: Ethnic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861-1928
1165:
301:
676:
745:
637:. Prince Duan's younger brother, Zailan (載瀾), was also one of the leaders of the Boxer Rebellion.
585:
771:
660:
Prince Duan did not end up in Xinjiang during his exile. Instead, he went to Alashan, west of
932:
925:
835:, in: Deutscher Hausschatz, XXVI, 1899/1900, No. 46, p. 861-864 (Portrait: p. 862).
664:, and lived in the residence of a Mongol prince. Around 1911, he moved to Ningxia during the
634:
31:. In accordance with Manchu custom, it should be used alone or with titles but not with the
1175:
1170:
767:
709:
614:
581:
230:
557:
8:
755:
845:
684:
561:
504:
105:
77:
1139:
1114:
974:
936:
819:
759:
665:
646:
630:
182:
741:
549:
473:
425:
402:
358:
606:
602:
814:
751:
610:
589:
525:
491:
289:
209:
136:
668:
when the Muslims took control of Ningxia. After that, he moved to Xinjiang with
779:
446:
379:
95:
633:. He was also in command of the Beijing Field Force against the forces of the
1159:
795:
553:
517:
626:
521:
432:
365:
279:
242:
116:
763:
721:
713:
537:
36:
20:
850:
725:
622:
618:
545:
24:
629:(foreign affairs ministry) and commanded the Boxers who besieged the
65:
798:
642:
871:
Imperial Decree on events leading to the signing of Boxer Protocol
697:
692:
661:
237:
225:
32:
621:. In 1899, Prince Duan set up his own private armed forces, the
593:
legitimacy, the empress dowager was forced to abandon her plan.
577:
under the title "Prince Duan of the Second Rank" (端郡王) in 1894.
790:
541:
502:; 26 August 1856 – 10 January 1923), better known by his title
481:
252:
856:
Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty § Male members
802:
191:
655:
833:
Portrait of Prince Tuan, leader of the Boxer-Party in China
680:
993:
962:
675:
Prince Duan lived in exile until 1917, when the general
552:. His family was under the Bordered White Banner of the
560:, Yizhi (奕誌; 1827–1850), who had no son to inherit his
645:. According to Empress Dowager Cixi's lady-in-waiting
866:
List of 1900–1930 publications on the Boxer Rebellion
451:
437:
384:
370:
16:
Manchu prince and statesman of the late Qing dynasty
1136:
The origins of the Boxer War: a multinational study
1111:
The origins of the Boxer War: a multinational study
968:
957:
The Origins of the Boxer War: A Multinational Study
907:
924:
774:, was the Empress Consort of the Guangxu Emperor.
1096:Travels Of A Consular Officer In North-West China
305:Prinz Zaiyi Tuan, Führer der Boxerpartei in China
1157:
931:. United States: Bloomsbury Publishing. p.
770:'s younger brother. Guixiang's second daughter,
524:. He is best known as one of the leaders of the
861:Ranks of imperial consorts in China § Qing
973:. University of Washington Press. p. 72.
596:
922:
813:Prince Duan is portrayed by Australian actor
407:
340:
326:
54:
1133:
1108:
708:Prince Duan left his name in the history of
613:of 1899–1901. He arranged a meeting between
766:, was the third daughter of Guixiang (桂祥),
754:because the emperor's biological father,
656:Life in exile and brief return to Beijing
531:
300:
1008:Peter Harrington & David Chandler,
1158:
998:. Charles Scribner's sons. p. 24.
898:, University of Washington Press, 2001
808:
1196:Grand Councillors of the Qing dynasty
1181:Chinese people of the Boxer Rebellion
817:in the 1963 American historical film
890:
888:
886:
994:Arnold Henry Savage Landor (1901).
13:
14:
1217:
883:
746:Prince Rui (瑞) § Family tree
520:prince and statesman of the late
1138:. Psychology Press. p. 15.
1113:. Psychology Press. p. 14.
1010:Peking 1900: The Boxer Rebellion
805:(溥儁), Prince Duan's second son.
750:Prince Duan was a cousin of the
397:Prince Duan (of the Second Rank)
272:
64:
1201:Manchu Bordered White Bannermen
1127:
1102:
1088:
1072:
1056:
1040:
703:
570:, before succeeding Yizhi as a
1024:
1015:
1002:
996:China and the allies, Volume 1
987:
949:
916:
901:
486:
452:
438:
408:
385:
371:
341:
327:
55:
52:Prince Duan of the Second Rank
1:
1186:Qing dynasty imperial princes
876:
826:
742:Prince Dun § Family tree
969:Edward J. M. Rhoads (2001).
908:Owen Mortimer Green (1943).
564:. In 1861, Zaiyi was made a
7:
1098:. CUP Archive. p. 188.
839:
597:Role in the Boxer Rebellion
207:Aisin-Gioro Zaiyi (愛新覺羅 載漪)
78:House of Prince Rui peerage
10:
1222:
912:. Hutchinson. p. 148.
739:
588:movement initiated by the
540:clan as the second son of
18:
1206:Ministers of Zongli Yamen
1191:Prince Rui (created 1636)
1012:, Osprey Publishing, 2001
959:, Routledge, 2002, p. 220
782:of the Aisin Gioro Family
735:
603:Righteous Harmony Society
513:
477:
463:
445:
431:
424:
419:
415:
401:
396:
378:
364:
357:
352:
348:
334:
320:
316:
311:
295:
285:
267:
262:
258:
248:
236:
224:
206:
201:
197:
181:
173:
161:
146:
142:
130:
126:10 June–25 September 1900
122:
111:
101:
91:
83:
75:
63:
50:
45:
801:clan. She gave birth to
556:. He was adopted by his
548:), the fifth son of the
322:Traditional Chinese
728:, the first teacher of
580:Prince Duan sided with
336:Simplified Chinese
923:Diana Preston (2000).
910:The foreigner in China
623:Tiger and Divine Corps
536:Zaiyi was born in the
306:
1134:Lanxin Xiang (2003).
1109:Lanxin Xiang (2003).
635:Eight-Nation Alliance
532:Early life and career
304:
1084:. 1900. p. 601.
1081:The Japan Daily Mail
1068:. 1900. p. 601.
1052:. 1900. p. 542.
1049:The Japan Daily Mail
1036:. 1900. p. 542.
894:Edward J.M. Rhoads,
768:Empress Dowager Cixi
718:Yang-style taijiquan
710:Chinese martial arts
691:invited him back to
615:Empress Dowager Cixi
586:Hundred Days' Reform
582:Empress Dowager Cixi
575:(second-rank prince)
809:Portrayals in media
1166:Manchu politicians
730:Wu-style taijiquan
685:Beiyang government
562:Prince Rui peerage
307:
1065:Japan Weekly Mail
1033:Japan Weekly Mail
820:55 Days at Peking
794:-prince from the
716:, the founder of
689:Republic of China
679:briefly restored
666:Xinhai Revolution
631:Beitang cathedral
617:and Boxer leader
467:
466:
459:
458:
426:Standard Mandarin
392:
391:
359:Standard Mandarin
299:
298:
220:
219:
177:Yehenara Jingfang
1213:
1150:
1149:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1013:
1006:
1000:
999:
991:
985:
984:
966:
960:
953:
947:
946:
930:
920:
914:
913:
905:
899:
892:
584:and opposed the
550:Daoguang Emperor
515:
497:
488:
479:
455:
454:
441:
440:
417:
416:
411:
410:
388:
387:
374:
373:
350:
349:
344:
343:
330:
329:
309:
308:
278:
276:
275:
215:
199:
198:
168:
156:
154:
68:
58:
57:
43:
42:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1107:
1103:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1007:
1003:
992:
988:
981:
967:
963:
954:
950:
943:
921:
917:
906:
902:
893:
884:
879:
842:
829:
815:Robert Helpmann
811:
752:Guangxu Emperor
748:
738:
706:
658:
611:Boxer Rebellion
599:
590:Guangxu Emperor
558:father's cousin
534:
526:Boxer Rebellion
495:
290:Boxer Rebellion
273:
271:
263:Military career
213:
208:
190:
166:
165:10 January 1923
152:
150:
137:Guangxu Emperor
113:Grand Councilor
71:
53:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1219:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1152:
1151:
1144:
1126:
1119:
1101:
1087:
1071:
1055:
1039:
1023:
1014:
1001:
986:
979:
961:
955:Lanxin Xiang,
948:
941:
915:
900:
881:
880:
878:
875:
874:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
846:Prince Rui (瑞)
841:
838:
837:
836:
828:
825:
810:
807:
737:
734:
705:
702:
657:
654:
609:") during the
598:
595:
533:
530:
528:of 1899–1901.
465:
464:
461:
460:
457:
456:
453:Tuan Chün-wang
449:
443:
442:
435:
429:
428:
422:
421:
420:Transcriptions
413:
412:
405:
399:
398:
394:
393:
390:
389:
382:
376:
375:
368:
362:
361:
355:
354:
353:Transcriptions
346:
345:
338:
332:
331:
324:
318:
317:
314:
313:
297:
296:
293:
292:
287:
283:
282:
269:
265:
264:
260:
259:
256:
255:
250:
246:
245:
240:
234:
233:
228:
222:
221:
218:
217:
204:
203:
195:
194:
185:
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
169:(aged 66)
163:
159:
158:
157:26 August 1856
148:
144:
143:
140:
139:
134:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
115:, Minister of
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
73:
72:
69:
61:
60:
48:
47:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1218:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1147:
1145:0-7007-1563-0
1141:
1137:
1130:
1122:
1120:0-7007-1563-0
1116:
1112:
1105:
1097:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1018:
1011:
1005:
997:
990:
982:
980:0-295-98040-0
976:
972:
965:
958:
952:
944:
942:0-8027-1361-0
938:
934:
929:
928:
919:
911:
904:
897:
891:
889:
887:
882:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
843:
834:
831:
830:
824:
822:
821:
816:
806:
804:
800:
797:
793:
792:
787:
783:
781:
777:However, the
775:
773:
769:
765:
764:Yehenara clan
761:
757:
753:
747:
743:
733:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
701:
699:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
671:
667:
663:
653:
650:
648:
644:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
594:
591:
587:
583:
578:
576:
574:
569:
568:
563:
559:
555:
554:Eight Banners
551:
547:
543:
539:
529:
527:
523:
519:
511:
507:
506:
501:
493:
489:
483:
475:
471:
462:
450:
448:
444:
436:
434:
430:
427:
423:
418:
414:
406:
404:
400:
395:
383:
381:
377:
369:
367:
363:
360:
356:
351:
347:
339:
337:
333:
325:
323:
319:
315:
310:
303:
294:
291:
288:
284:
281:
270:
266:
261:
257:
254:
251:
247:
244:
241:
239:
235:
232:
229:
227:
223:
211:
205:
200:
196:
193:
189:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
164:
160:
149:
145:
141:
138:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
118:
114:
110:
107:
104:
100:
97:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
74:
67:
62:
59:
49:
44:
39:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1135:
1129:
1110:
1104:
1095:
1090:
1080:
1074:
1064:
1058:
1048:
1042:
1032:
1026:
1017:
1009:
1004:
995:
989:
970:
964:
956:
951:
926:
918:
909:
903:
895:
832:
818:
812:
789:
778:
776:
749:
707:
704:Martial arts
674:
659:
651:
639:
627:Zongli Yamen
600:
579:
572:
566:
535:
522:Qing dynasty
509:
503:
499:
485:
469:
468:
439:Duān Jùnwáng
433:Hanyu Pinyin
366:Hanyu Pinyin
286:Battles/wars
280:Qing Dynasty
167:(1923-01-10)
117:Zongli Yamen
76:Head of the
51:
35:
28:
1176:1923 deaths
1171:1856 births
756:Prince Chun
724:as well as
722:Yang Banhou
714:Yang Luchan
538:Aisin Gioro
510:Prince Tuan
505:Prince Duan
231:Aisin-Gioro
92:Predecessor
37:Aisin Gioro
21:Manchu name
1160:Categories
877:References
851:Prince Dun
827:Literature
740:See also:
726:Wu Quanyou
619:Cao Futian
546:Prince Dun
447:Wade–Giles
380:Wade–Giles
268:Allegiance
212:: Dzai-i (
153:1856-08-26
25:given name
786:Shaochang
780:Genealogy
677:Zhang Xun
670:Sheng Yun
647:Yu Deling
516:), was a
102:Successor
87:1861–1900
33:clan name
840:See also
799:Borjigin
760:Jingfang
643:Xinjiang
19:In this
772:Jingfen
762:of the
698:Ningxia
693:Beijing
687:of the
662:Ningxia
605:(義和團; "
573:junwang
474:Chinese
403:Chinese
238:Dynasty
188:Puzhuan
132:Monarch
1142:
1117:
977:
939:
796:Mongol
791:jasagh
744:, and
736:Family
607:Boxers
542:Yicong
518:Manchu
500:dzai-i
492:Manchu
484::
482:pinyin
476::
386:Tsai-i
277:
253:Yicong
249:Father
210:Manchu
174:Spouse
123:Tenure
106:Zaixun
84:Tenure
23:, the
803:Pujun
567:beile
487:Zǎiyī
470:Zaiyi
372:Zǎiyī
312:Zaiyi
226:House
202:Names
192:Pujun
183:Issue
96:Yizhi
70:Zaiyi
56:多羅端郡王
46:Zaiyi
29:Zaiyi
1140:ISBN
1115:ISBN
975:ISBN
937:ISBN
681:Puyi
508:(or
496:ᡯᠠᡳᡳ
243:Qing
214:ᡯᠠᡳᡳ
162:Died
147:Born
514:端郡王
409:端郡王
27:is
1162::
935:.
933:38
885:^
823:.
732:.
712:.
672:.
512:,
498:;
494::
490:;
480:;
478:載漪
342:载漪
328:載漪
1148:.
1123:.
983:.
945:.
544:(
472:(
216:)
155:)
151:(
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
